Fix #367: keep a paused browser tab's recovery copies

A heartbeat alone can't tell a crashed tab from one whose timers stopped in
the background, so another tab could discard (or restore) the copies of a
still-live document once its heartbeat went stale.

- Recovery stores without locks can now announce an area for as long as the
  app runs (RecoveryStore::announce/announced). The web shell implements it
  with the browser's Web Locks (navigator.locks through js_sys::Reflect): a
  tab holds a lock named after its area, which the browser releases only when
  the tab is gone. Lock snapshots are refreshed every 10 s (once before the
  first frame); a snapshot over a minute old counts every area as held.
- An area is gone only when no announcement holds it and its heartbeat is
  stale. Where the store can't tell (no Web Locks), the owner repairs: each
  heartbeat (also its first frame after a pause) and each recovery save write
  again the copies missing from its area, and a heartbeat newer than the one
  another tab wrote when taking the area over marks it running again.
- MemoryStore::announcing models Web Locks in tests; engine and UI tests cover
  the issue's sequence. Native folder locks are unchanged.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

.github/workflows/freebsd.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # Builds and tests the workspace on FreeBSD, inside a FreeBSD VM on a Linux runner
 # (GitHub has no FreeBSD runners). GPU tests skip themselves when the VM has no adapter.
+# The `package` job checks packaging/freebsd/package.sh (the release job runs it for real).
 name: FreeBSD
 
 on:
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ on:
       - Cargo.lock
       - "**/Cargo.toml"
       - .github/workflows/freebsd.yml
+      - packaging/freebsd/**
+      - packaging/env.sh
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 concurrency:
@@ -27,6 +30,13 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 300
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      # The optional craft-fonts build input (Japanese fonts), so the tests that need it run here
+      # rather than skip. Pinned; bump deliberately (craftrules standards/fonts.md).
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          repository: storytold/craft-fonts
+          ref: abb83316d96aa59c1cf64784289e378fe9fa5695
+          path: craft-fonts
       - name: Build and test in a FreeBSD VM
         uses: vmactions/freebsd-vm@c46abacb49f09938ca4e1702d15d836285d694cc # v1
         with:
@@ -44,5 +54,51 @@ jobs:
             # The checkout is synced in under another owner; let tests that call git read it.
             git config --global --add safe.directory "*"
             rustc --version
+            # The checkout above is synced into the VM with the workspace.
+            export CRAFT_FONTS_DIR="$PWD/craft-fonts" CRAFT_FONTS_REQUIRED=1
             CARGO_PROFILE_DEV_DEBUG=0 cargo build --workspace --all-targets --locked
             CARGO_PROFILE_DEV_DEBUG=0 cargo test --workspace --locked
+
+  package:
+    name: FreeBSD 14 (package)
+    # The release build takes a while: only for PRs that touch FreeBSD packaging (or dependencies)
+    # and on demand, not on every push to main.
+    if: github.event_name != 'push'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 150
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      # Japanese UI/document fonts, embedded by crates/text/build.rs (CRAFT_FONTS_DIR in the VM).
+      # Bump the commit deliberately; see craftrules standards/fonts.md.
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          repository: storytold/craft-fonts
+          ref: abb83316d96aa59c1cf64784289e378fe9fa5695
+          path: craft-fonts
+      - name: Package in a FreeBSD VM
+        uses: vmactions/freebsd-vm@c46abacb49f09938ca4e1702d15d836285d694cc
+        with:
+          release: "14.3"
+          usesh: true
+          mem: 12288
+          prepare: |
+            pkg install -y bash curl git pkgconf cmake python3 libxkbcommon wayland libX11 libXcursor libXrandr libXi libxcb mesa-libs vulkan-loader gtk3 fontconfig freetype2 alsa-lib
+            curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y --profile minimal --default-toolchain stable
+          run: |
+            . "$HOME/.cargo/env"
+            git config --global --add safe.directory "$PWD"
+            # Build outside the checkout so only dist/ is copied back out of the VM.
+            # The craft-fonts checkout is synced into the VM with the workspace.
+            export CRAFT_FONTS_DIR="$PWD/craft-fonts" CRAFT_FONTS_REQUIRED=1
+            export CARGO_TARGET_DIR=/var/tmp/vectorcraft-target CARGO_BUILD_JOBS=4
+            bash packaging/freebsd/package.sh
+            # Every part the package must have, the craft-fonts licences included.
+            tar -tzf dist/release/vectorcraft-*-freebsd-x86_64.tar.gz >/var/tmp/contents.txt
+            for want in '/bin/vectorcraft$' '/bin/vectorcraft-cli$' '/share/applications/.*\.desktop$' '/share/icons/hicolor/' '/share/doc/vectorcraft/NOTICE$' '/share/doc/vectorcraft/OFL-.*\.txt$'; do
+              grep -Eq "$want" /var/tmp/contents.txt || { echo "missing from the package: $want"; exit 1; }
+            done
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: freebsd-package
+          path: dist/release/*
+          if-no-files-found: error

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -70,6 +70,13 @@ jobs:
       VECTORCRAFT_BUILD_DATE: ${{ needs.version.outputs.date }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      # Japanese UI/document fonts, embedded by crates/text/build.rs (CRAFT_FONTS_DIR on the build
+      # step). Bump the commit deliberately; see craftrules standards/fonts.md.
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          repository: storytold/craft-fonts
+          ref: abb83316d96aa59c1cf64784289e378fe9fa5695
+          path: craft-fonts
       - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
         with:
           targets: aarch64-apple-darwin, x86_64-apple-darwin
@@ -90,6 +97,8 @@ jobs:
           APPLE_ID: ${{ secrets.APPLE_ID }}
           APPLE_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APPLE_PASSWORD }}
           APPLE_TEAM_ID: ${{ secrets.APPLE_TEAM_ID }}
+          CRAFT_FONTS_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/craft-fonts
+          CRAFT_FONTS_REQUIRED: "1"
         run: packaging/macos/package.sh --arch universal
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
@@ -112,11 +121,21 @@ jobs:
         include:
           - { arch: x64, target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc }
           - { arch: x86, target: i686-pc-windows-msvc }
+          # Windows on ARM: cross-compiled on the x64 runner, so signing and WiX run as above.
+          # .github/workflows/windows-arm64.yml installs and runs it on ARM64 hardware.
+          - { arch: arm64, target: aarch64-pc-windows-msvc }
     env:
       VECTORCRAFT_VERSION: ${{ needs.version.outputs.version }}
       VECTORCRAFT_BUILD_DATE: ${{ needs.version.outputs.date }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      # Japanese UI/document fonts, embedded by crates/text/build.rs (CRAFT_FONTS_DIR on the build
+      # step). Bump the commit deliberately; see craftrules standards/fonts.md.
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          repository: storytold/craft-fonts
+          ref: abb83316d96aa59c1cf64784289e378fe9fa5695
+          path: craft-fonts
       - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
         with:
           targets: ${{ matrix.target }}
@@ -141,6 +160,8 @@ jobs:
           AZURE_SIGNING_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SIGNING_ENDPOINT }}
           AZURE_SIGNING_ACCOUNT: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SIGNING_ACCOUNT }}
           AZURE_CERT_PROFILE: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CERT_PROFILE }}
+          CRAFT_FONTS_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/craft-fonts
+          CRAFT_FONTS_REQUIRED: "1"
         run: ./packaging/windows/package.ps1 -Arch ${{ matrix.arch }}
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
@@ -167,6 +188,13 @@ jobs:
       NFPM_VERSION: 2.47.0
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      # Japanese UI/document fonts, embedded by crates/text/build.rs (CRAFT_FONTS_DIR on the build
+      # step). Bump the commit deliberately; see craftrules standards/fonts.md.
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          repository: storytold/craft-fonts
+          ref: abb83316d96aa59c1cf64784289e378fe9fa5695
+          path: craft-fonts
       - name: Install build and packaging tools
         run: |
           sudo apt-get update
@@ -184,6 +212,9 @@ jobs:
         if: inputs.version != ''
         run: cargo xtask version set "$VECTORCRAFT_VERSION"
       - name: Build and package (AppImage, deb, rpm, tar.gz)
+        env:
+          CRAFT_FONTS_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/craft-fonts
+          CRAFT_FONTS_REQUIRED: "1"
         run: packaging/linux/package.sh
       - name: Check the packages
         run: |
@@ -201,6 +232,56 @@ jobs:
           path: dist/release/*
           if-no-files-found: error
 
+  freebsd:
+    name: FreeBSD x86_64
+    needs: version
+    # GitHub has no FreeBSD runners: build in a FreeBSD 14.3 VM (same image as freebsd.yml).
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 150
+    environment: release
+    env:
+      VECTORCRAFT_VERSION: ${{ needs.version.outputs.version }}
+      VECTORCRAFT_BUILD_DATE: ${{ needs.version.outputs.date }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      # Japanese UI/document fonts, embedded by crates/text/build.rs (CRAFT_FONTS_DIR in the VM).
+      # Bump the commit deliberately; see craftrules standards/fonts.md.
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          repository: storytold/craft-fonts
+          ref: abb83316d96aa59c1cf64784289e378fe9fa5695
+          path: craft-fonts
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+        if: inputs.version != ''
+      - name: Apply version override
+        if: inputs.version != ''
+        run: cargo xtask version set "$VECTORCRAFT_VERSION"
+      - name: Build and package in a FreeBSD VM
+        # v1.5.9, pinned by commit.
+        uses: vmactions/freebsd-vm@c46abacb49f09938ca4e1702d15d836285d694cc
+        with:
+          release: "14.3"
+          usesh: true
+          mem: 12288
+          # Passed through by name; never templated into the script.
+          envs: "VECTORCRAFT_VERSION VECTORCRAFT_BUILD_DATE VECTORCRAFT_BUILD_SHA"
+          prepare: |
+            pkg install -y bash curl git pkgconf cmake python3 libxkbcommon wayland libX11 libXcursor libXrandr libXi libxcb mesa-libs vulkan-loader gtk3 fontconfig freetype2 alsa-lib
+            curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y --profile minimal --default-toolchain stable
+          run: |
+            . "$HOME/.cargo/env"
+            git config --global --add safe.directory "$PWD"
+            # Build outside the checkout so only dist/ is copied back out of the VM.
+            # The craft-fonts checkout is synced into the VM with the workspace.
+            export CRAFT_FONTS_DIR="$PWD/craft-fonts" CRAFT_FONTS_REQUIRED=1
+            export CARGO_TARGET_DIR=/var/tmp/vectorcraft-target CARGO_BUILD_JOBS=4
+            bash packaging/freebsd/package.sh
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: release-freebsd
+          path: dist/release/*
+          if-no-files-found: error
+
   web:
     name: Web (wasm)
     needs: version
@@ -212,6 +293,13 @@ jobs:
       TRUNK_VERSION: 0.21.14
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      # Japanese UI/document fonts, embedded by crates/text/build.rs (CRAFT_FONTS_DIR on the build
+      # step). Bump the commit deliberately; see craftrules standards/fonts.md.
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          repository: storytold/craft-fonts
+          ref: abb83316d96aa59c1cf64784289e378fe9fa5695
+          path: craft-fonts
       - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
         with:
           targets: wasm32-unknown-unknown
@@ -227,6 +315,9 @@ jobs:
         if: inputs.version != ''
         run: cargo xtask version set "$VECTORCRAFT_VERSION"
       - name: Build and zip
+        env:
+          CRAFT_FONTS_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/craft-fonts
+          CRAFT_FONTS_REQUIRED: "1"
         run: packaging/web/package.sh
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
@@ -236,7 +327,7 @@ jobs:
 
   release:
     name: Draft GitHub Release
-    needs: [version, macos, windows, linux, web]
+    needs: [version, macos, windows, linux, freebsd, web]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     environment: release
     permissions:

.github/workflows/windows-arm64.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+# Windows on ARM: package the ARM64 release the way release.yml does (cross-compiled on an x64
+# runner, unsigned here), then install that MSI on a Windows 11 ARM64 runner, check the installed
+# binaries are ARM64, run the CLI natively, and uninstall. (A native ARM64 `cargo test` job is left
+# out for now: PdfCraft saw an intermittent access violation in egui UI tests there.)
+name: Windows ARM64
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - Cargo.toml
+      - Cargo.lock
+      - "**/Cargo.toml"
+      - "**/build.rs"
+      - .github/workflows/windows-arm64.yml
+      - packaging/windows/**
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "41 4 * * 1" # weekly, so drift in the runner images shows up
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+concurrency:
+  group: windows-arm64-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+env:
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+  CARGO_INCREMENTAL: 0
+
+jobs:
+  package:
+    name: package (cross-compiled on x64)
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 90
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@89b12181fb390509a0842a86cc55eeb8eb928c1d # stable
+        with:
+          targets: aarch64-pc-windows-msvc
+      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@6323deb102c322ba6fcbdcafc7e3dddab59af2b6 # v2
+        with:
+          key: windows-arm64-package
+      - name: Install WiX
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: dotnet tool install --global wix --version 5.0.2
+      - name: Build and package (unsigned)
+        shell: pwsh
+        env:
+          DIST: ${{ github.workspace }}\dist\arm64
+        run: ./packaging/windows/package.ps1 -Arch arm64
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: vectorcraft-windows-arm64
+          path: dist/arm64/*
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 7
+
+  install:
+    name: install and run on ARM64
+    needs: package
+    runs-on: windows-11-arm
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: vectorcraft-windows-arm64
+          path: dist
+      - name: Install the MSI, check it, run it, uninstall it
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+          $msi = (Get-ChildItem dist/*.msi | Select-Object -First 1).FullName
+          $p = Start-Process msiexec.exe -ArgumentList '/i', "`"$msi`"", '/qn', '/l*v', 'install.log' -Wait -PassThru
+          if ($p.ExitCode -ne 0) { Get-Content install.log -Tail 60; throw "msiexec /i exited $($p.ExitCode)" }
+          $dir = Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'VectorCraft'
+          foreach ($exe in 'vectorcraft.exe', 'vectorcraft-cli.exe') {
+            $path = Join-Path $dir $exe
+            if (-not (Test-Path $path)) { throw "$exe not installed in $dir" }
+            $bytes = [System.IO.File]::ReadAllBytes($path)
+            $machine = [BitConverter]::ToUInt16($bytes, [BitConverter]::ToInt32($bytes, 0x3C) + 4)
+            if ($machine -ne 0xAA64) { throw "$exe is for machine 0x$('{0:X}' -f $machine), not ARM64" }
+            Write-Output "ok $path (ARM64)"
+          }
+          # The installed CLI runs natively on ARM64.
+          $cli = Join-Path $dir 'vectorcraft-cli.exe'
+          $out = & $cli --version 2>&1 | Out-String
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { Write-Output $out; throw "vectorcraft-cli --version exited $LASTEXITCODE" }
+          Write-Output "ok vectorcraft-cli --version: $($out.Trim())"
+          $p = Start-Process msiexec.exe -ArgumentList '/x', "`"$msi`"", '/qn' -Wait -PassThru
+          if ($p.ExitCode -ne 0) { throw "msiexec /x exited $($p.ExitCode)" }
+          if (Test-Path (Join-Path $dir 'vectorcraft.exe')) { throw 'uninstall left vectorcraft.exe behind' }
+          Write-Output 'ok uninstalled'

.github/workflows/windows7.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Experimental, unsupported Windows 7 SP1 x64 portable build (docs/windows7.md). It runs by hand and
+# weekly, so ordinary PRs never wait on it, and the weekly run shows when a dependency update starts
+# importing a post-Windows-7 API. packaging/windows/windows7.ps1 does the work: it is the only build
+# that uses the patched vendor/windows-link. A modern Windows runner proves compilation and host
+# smoke tests only: run the checklist in docs/windows7.md on actual Windows 7 before claiming support.
+name: Windows 7 x64 compatibility
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "23 5 * * 1" # weekly
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+env:
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+  CARGO_INCREMENTAL: 0
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: windows-2022
+    timeout-minutes: 90
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11d5960a326750d5838078e36cf38b85af677262 # v4.4.0
+      - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@0b201ec74fa43914dc39ae48a89fd1d8cb592756 # v1.13.0
+        with:
+          arch: x64
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@7e38f4b43b4db5c8dd498af069a4f6196df1d067 # master
+        with:
+          toolchain: nightly-2026-10-01
+          components: rust-src
+      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@6323deb102c322ba6fcbdcafc7e3dddab59af2b6 # v2.9.2
+        with:
+          key: windows7-x64
+      - name: Build, check and test the portable package
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: ./packaging/windows/windows7.ps1 -Test
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02 # v4.6.2
+        with:
+          name: vectorcraft-windows7-x64-portable
+          path: dist/release/vectorcraft-windows7-x64-portable.zip
+          if-no-files-found: error

.gitignore

@@ -5,3 +5,5 @@ plan/
 /corpus
 /log
 .DS_Store
+# A craft-fonts checkout for CRAFT_FONTS_DIR (CI and release workflows check it out here)
+/craft-fonts

AGENTS.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # VectorCraft — instructions for agents
 
-VectorCraft is a clean-room, open-source, Rust-native vector illustration app targeting Adobe Illustrator parity (and beyond). It runs natively on macOS, Windows and Linux, and on the web via WASM. Siblings: `../photocraft` (Photoshop-class) and `../printcraft` (Acrobat-class); same conventions.
+VectorCraft is a clean-room, open-source, Rust-native vector illustration app targeting Adobe Illustrator parity (and beyond). It runs natively on macOS, Windows and Linux, and on the web via WASM. Siblings: `../photocraft` (Photoshop-class) and `../pdfcraft` (Acrobat-class); same conventions.
 
 Formerly **DrawCraft** (renamed 2026-10-01): old `.drawcraft` files and `"format": "drawcraft"` headers still open (`vectorcraft_format::LEGACY_EXTENSION`), and preferences migrate from the old config folder. Keep those paths working; use the new name everywhere else.
 
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ Formerly **DrawCraft** (renamed 2026-10-01): old `.drawcraft` files and `"format
     - Creative Commons with redistribution allowed.
   - **Every asset file must have a row in [`ASSETS.md`](ASSETS.md)** (path, author, source URL, licence, notes). Put licence texts next to the assets (e.g. `assets/fonts/OFL-*.txt`) and summarize them in `NOTICE`.
   - `cargo xtask assets` (run by `cargo xtask ci`) fails on any unattributed asset.
+  - **Fonts live in [storytold/craft-fonts](https://github.com/storytold/craft-fonts), never in this repo** (rules: craftrules [`standards/fonts.md`](https://github.com/storytold/craftrules/blob/main/standards/fonts.md)). Never commit a font file here; add new fonts to craft-fonts. The app uses it only through the optional `CRAFT_FONTS_DIR` build option (`CRAFT_FONTS_DIR="$PWD/../craft-fonts" cargo xtask ci`; use an absolute path), read by `crates/text/build.rs` into `vectorcraft_text::CRAFT_FONTS`; never add it to a `Cargo.toml`. Everything must build, test and run with `CRAFT_FONTS` empty, and tests of its glyphs skip when it is. Details: `docs/development.md` › Fonts.
   - Code and original assets are MIT OR Apache-2.0 (`LICENSE-MIT`, `LICENSE-APACHE`, `NOTICE`). The ArtCraft logos in `docs/brand/` are trademarks, not open source, under `docs/brand/LICENSE-brand.txt`: never modify them or use them outside VectorCraft.
   - Prefer art generated in code for defaults (swatches, brushes, symbols, patterns, cursors). If the provenance of an asset is unclear, don't add it.
   - Reference screenshots of Illustrator stay local under the gitignored `plan/` and are never committed, published or used as assets.

ASSETS.md

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ Every non-code asset in this repository (icons, images, fonts, example art, colo
 
 Generated-in-code art is original and has no file to list. This covers the default swatches, brushes, symbols, patterns, graphic styles, image-trace presets and the vector tool cursors (`crates/ui-egui/src/cursors.rs`).
 
+**Font files are never committed here.** Fonts shared by the Crafting Apps live in [storytold/craft-fonts](https://github.com/storytold/craft-fonts) (rules: craftrules [`standards/fonts.md`](https://github.com/storytold/craftrules/blob/main/standards/fonts.md)). The small Latin UI/document fonts below predate that rule and stay.
+
+**Optional build input: craft-fonts.** Builds made with `CRAFT_FONTS_DIR=<craft-fonts checkout>` (all official releases) embed the Japanese fonts listed in its [`ATTRIBUTION.md`](https://github.com/storytold/craft-fonts/blob/main/ATTRIBUTION.md): BIZ UDPGothic Regular and Bold, Shippori Mincho Regular and BIZ UDMincho Regular (web builds: BIZ UDPGothic Regular only), all under the SIL Open Font License 1.1. They are not files in this repository; release packages carry each one's `OFL-<family>.txt`. Builds without `CRAFT_FONTS_DIR` embed none of them.
+
 | Asset | Author | Source | Licence | Notes |
 |---|---|---|---|---|
 | `docs/brand/artcraft-logo-white.png` | ArtCraft team (project owner) | https://getartcraft.com/ | ArtCraft trademark, see docs/brand/LICENSE-brand.txt (not open source) | Used in README only; not shipped in the app |
@@ -46,8 +50,6 @@ Generated-in-code art is original and has no file to list. This covers the defau
 | `assets/fonts/OFL-JetBrainsMono.txt` | (licence text) | upstream project | — |  |
 | `assets/fonts/OFL-SourceSans3.txt` | (licence text) | upstream project | — |  |
 | `assets/fonts/OFL-SourceSerif4.txt` | (licence text) | upstream project | — |  |
-| `assets/fonts/ShipporiMincho-Regular.ttf` | The Shippori Mincho Project Authors (FONTDASU) | https://github.com/google/fonts/tree/9710da1eacb3be272583c3224dcb70f9da6eadbb/ofl/shipporimincho | OFL-1.1 (`assets/fonts/OFL-ShipporiMincho.txt`) | Japanese UI/document fallback; SHA-256 `769b5269f0f9bc6534b352c0e6bd856a566e03ff788f107191c2d835863570b2` |
-| `assets/fonts/OFL-ShipporiMincho.txt` | The Shippori Mincho Project Authors (FONTDASU) | https://github.com/google/fonts/blob/9710da1eacb3be272583c3224dcb70f9da6eadbb/ofl/shipporimincho/OFL.txt | OFL-1.1 | Licence for Shippori Mincho |
 | `assets/icons/LICENSE-lucide.txt` | (licence text) | upstream project | — |  |
 | `assets/icons/align-center-horizontal.svg` | Lucide Icons and Contributors | https://lucide.dev (lucide-static v1.49.0; header kept in file) | ISC (`assets/icons/LICENSE-lucide.txt`) |  |
 | `assets/icons/align-center-vertical.svg` | Lucide Icons and Contributors | https://lucide.dev (lucide-static v1.49.0; header kept in file) | ISC (`assets/icons/LICENSE-lucide.txt`) |  |
@@ -164,7 +166,9 @@ Generated-in-code art is original and has no file to list. This covers the defau
 | `assets/icons/dc-para-justify-left.svg` | VectorCraft contributors | Original work, drawn for VectorCraft | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `assets/icons/dc-para-justify-right.svg` | VectorCraft contributors | Original work, drawn for VectorCraft | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `assets/icons/dc-para-left.svg` | VectorCraft contributors | Original work, drawn for VectorCraft | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
+| `assets/icons/dc-para-ltr.svg` | VectorCraft contributors | Original work, drawn for VectorCraft | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `assets/icons/dc-para-right.svg` | VectorCraft contributors | Original work, drawn for VectorCraft | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
+| `assets/icons/dc-para-rtl.svg` | VectorCraft contributors | Original work, drawn for VectorCraft | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `assets/icons/dc-path-eraser.svg` | VectorCraft contributors | Original work, drawn for VectorCraft | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `assets/icons/dc-pathfinder.svg` | VectorCraft contributors | Original work, drawn for VectorCraft | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `assets/icons/dc-pen-add.svg` | VectorCraft contributors | Original work, drawn for VectorCraft | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
@@ -312,6 +316,7 @@ Generated-in-code art is original and has no file to list. This covers the defau
 | `docs/images/shot-2-ribbons.png` | VectorCraft contributors | Screenshot of VectorCraft itself, editing `examples/ribbons.vectorcraft` | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `docs/images/shot-3-sheet.png` | VectorCraft contributors | Screenshot of VectorCraft itself, editing `examples/feature-sheet.vectorcraft` | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `docs/images/shot-4-bezier.png` | VectorCraft contributors | Screenshot of VectorCraft itself, editing `examples/feature-sheet.vectorcraft` | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
+| `docs/images/shot-5-perspective.png` | VectorCraft contributors | Screenshot of VectorCraft itself, editing `examples/perspective-city.vectorcraft` | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `docs/images/art-neon-drive.png` | VectorCraft contributors | Rendered by VectorCraft from `examples/neon-drive.vectorcraft` | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `docs/images/art-ribbons.png` | VectorCraft contributors | Rendered by VectorCraft from `examples/ribbons.vectorcraft` | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `docs/images/art-pathfinder.png` | VectorCraft contributors | Rendered by VectorCraft from `examples/feature-sheet.vectorcraft` (artboard 1) | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
@@ -321,3 +326,4 @@ Generated-in-code art is original and has no file to list. This covers the defau
 | `examples/neon-drive.vectorcraft` | VectorCraft contributors | Original artwork built through the VectorCraft command API | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `examples/ribbons.vectorcraft` | VectorCraft contributors | Original artwork built through the VectorCraft command API | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
 | `examples/feature-sheet.vectorcraft` | VectorCraft contributors | Original artwork built through the VectorCraft command API | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |
+| `examples/perspective-city.vectorcraft` | VectorCraft contributors | Original artwork built through the VectorCraft command API | MIT OR Apache-2.0 |  |

CLAUDE.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # VectorCraft — instructions for agents
 
-VectorCraft is a clean-room, open-source, Rust-native vector illustration app targeting Adobe Illustrator parity (and beyond). It runs natively on macOS, Windows and Linux, and on the web via WASM. Siblings: `../photocraft` (Photoshop-class) and `../printcraft` (Acrobat-class); same conventions.
+VectorCraft is a clean-room, open-source, Rust-native vector illustration app targeting Adobe Illustrator parity (and beyond). It runs natively on macOS, Windows and Linux, and on the web via WASM. Siblings: `../photocraft` (Photoshop-class) and `../pdfcraft` (Acrobat-class); same conventions.
 
 Formerly **DrawCraft** (renamed 2026-10-01): old `.drawcraft` files and `"format": "drawcraft"` headers still open (`vectorcraft_format::LEGACY_EXTENSION`), and preferences migrate from the old config folder. Keep those paths working; use the new name everywhere else.
 
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ Formerly **DrawCraft** (renamed 2026-10-01): old `.drawcraft` files and `"format
     - Creative Commons with redistribution allowed.
   - **Every asset file must have a row in [`ASSETS.md`](ASSETS.md)** (path, author, source URL, licence, notes). Put licence texts next to the assets (e.g. `assets/fonts/OFL-*.txt`) and summarize them in `NOTICE`.
   - `cargo xtask assets` (run by `cargo xtask ci`) fails on any unattributed asset.
+  - **Fonts live in [storytold/craft-fonts](https://github.com/storytold/craft-fonts), never in this repo** (rules: craftrules [`standards/fonts.md`](https://github.com/storytold/craftrules/blob/main/standards/fonts.md)). Never commit a font file here; add new fonts to craft-fonts. The app uses it only through the optional `CRAFT_FONTS_DIR` build option (`CRAFT_FONTS_DIR="$PWD/../craft-fonts" cargo xtask ci`; use an absolute path), read by `crates/text/build.rs` into `vectorcraft_text::CRAFT_FONTS`; never add it to a `Cargo.toml`. Everything must build, test and run with `CRAFT_FONTS` empty, and tests of its glyphs skip when it is. Details: `docs/development.md` › Fonts.
   - Code and original assets are MIT OR Apache-2.0 (`LICENSE-MIT`, `LICENSE-APACHE`, `NOTICE`). The ArtCraft logos in `docs/brand/` are trademarks, not open source, under `docs/brand/LICENSE-brand.txt`: never modify them or use them outside VectorCraft.
   - Prefer art generated in code for defaults (swatches, brushes, symbols, patterns, cursors). If the provenance of an asset is unclear, don't add it.
   - Reference screenshots of Illustrator stay local under the gitignored `plan/` and are never committed, published or used as assets.

Cargo.lock

@@ -145,6 +145,21 @@ dependencies = [
  "zerocopy",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "alloc-no-stdlib"
+version = "2.0.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cc7bb162ec39d46ab1ca8c77bf72e890535becd1751bb45f64c597edb4c8c6b3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "alloc-stdlib"
+version = "0.2.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0e76a019e91224d279006ff972f1e984179a6e9feb050adba6ce8274aef23195"
+dependencies = [
+ "alloc-no-stdlib",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "allocator-api2"
 version = "0.2.21"
@@ -509,6 +524,27 @@ dependencies = [
  "piper",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "brotli"
+version = "8.0.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5cc91aac060a7a1e25823bdccbfb6af1875b88f17c6daac97894eed8207166b3"
+dependencies = [
+ "alloc-no-stdlib",
+ "alloc-stdlib",
+ "brotli-decompressor",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "brotli-decompressor"
+version = "5.0.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3a32acac15fe1967bc3986b2a6347dffc965602354ea6f450ad07e8bfd253583"
+dependencies = [
+ "alloc-no-stdlib",
+ "alloc-stdlib",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "bumpalo"
 version = "3.20.3"
@@ -916,6 +952,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "egui-wgpu",
  "egui-winit",
  "egui_glow",
+ "glow",
  "glutin",
  "glutin-winit",
  "image",
@@ -1650,6 +1687,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "24d285dc30731c8485de5fa732fbdf2b3affdf01e4da7c2135022ca6fa664bf6"
 dependencies = [
+ "brotli",
  "hayro-postscript",
 ]
 
@@ -4211,15 +4249,19 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "arboard",
+ "block2 0.6.2",
  "clipboard-win",
  "eframe",
  "egui",
  "image",
  "log",
  "muda",
+ "objc2 0.6.4",
+ "objc2-app-kit 0.3.2",
+ "objc2-foundation 0.3.2",
  "rfd",
  "serde_json",
  "vectorcraft-engine",
@@ -4231,7 +4273,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-brush"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
  "serde",
@@ -4243,7 +4285,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-cad"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "image",
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
@@ -4259,7 +4301,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-cli"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "serde_json",
  "vectorcraft-color",
@@ -4275,7 +4317,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-color"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
  "moxcms",
@@ -4287,21 +4329,24 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-doc"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "image",
+ "jpeg-encoder",
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
  "proptest",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "thiserror 2.0.21",
+ "tiff",
  "vectorcraft-color",
  "vectorcraft-geom",
+ "zune-jpeg",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-effects"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
  "serde_json",
@@ -4315,7 +4360,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-engine"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "flate2",
  "image",
@@ -4347,7 +4392,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-eps"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "flate2",
  "image",
@@ -4364,7 +4409,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-format"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "flate2",
  "proptest",
@@ -4378,7 +4423,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-geom"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
  "proptest",
@@ -4390,7 +4435,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-mcp"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "image",
  "log",
@@ -4409,7 +4454,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-metafile"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "image",
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
@@ -4423,7 +4468,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-pathops"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
  "linesweeper",
@@ -4435,13 +4480,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-pdf"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "aes",
  "flate2",
  "hayro-interpret",
  "hayro-syntax",
  "image",
+ "jpeg-encoder",
  "krilla",
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
  "log",
@@ -4449,6 +4495,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "sha2",
+ "skrifa 0.47.0",
  "smallvec",
  "thiserror 2.0.21",
  "vectorcraft-brush",
@@ -4462,7 +4509,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-plugins"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
@@ -4476,7 +4523,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-render"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "flate2",
  "gif",
@@ -4501,7 +4548,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-svg"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "flate2",
  "image",
@@ -4525,7 +4572,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-testkit"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "image",
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
@@ -4542,20 +4589,24 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-text"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "harfrust 0.13.3",
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
  "log",
  "skrifa 0.47.0",
  "subsetter",
+ "unicode-bidi",
+ "unicode-general-category",
+ "unicode-script",
  "vectorcraft-doc",
  "vectorcraft-geom",
+ "write-fonts",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-tools"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "image",
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
@@ -4570,7 +4621,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-trace"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "image",
  "kurbo 0.13.1",
@@ -4583,7 +4634,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-ui-egui"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "egui",
  "egui_extras",
@@ -4611,7 +4662,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vectorcraft-web"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "eframe",
  "egui",
@@ -5685,7 +5736,7 @@ checksum = "9440ea3e5aeabb0ac63af70daf835274065238cdd0cec83418f417eae38bacee"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "xtask"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "serde_json",
 ]

Cargo.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ members = ["crates/*", "apps/*", "xtask"]
 default-members = ["crates/*", "apps/vectorcraft", "apps/vectorcraft-cli", "xtask"]
 
 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.4.0"
 edition = "2024"
 license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 rust-version = "1.95"
@@ -62,6 +62,10 @@ linesweeper = "0.4"
 flate2 = { version = "1", default-features = false, features = ["rust_backend"] }
 jpeg-encoder = { version = "0.6", default-features = false, features = ["std"] }
 gif = { version = "0.14", default-features = false, features = ["std", "raii_no_panic"] }
+# CMYK image samples (vectorcraft-doc's cmyk module): the image crate's own TIFF and JPEG
+# decoders, read directly (the image crate converts CMYK to RGB).
+tiff = "0.11"
+zune-jpeg = "0.5"
 
 # ui
 egui = "0.36"

NOTICE

@@ -30,6 +30,45 @@ based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group.
 WebAssembly plug-ins run in the wasmi interpreter (MIT OR Apache-2.0); its wasmparser dependency is
 under the Apache License 2.0 with the LLVM exception.
 
-Shippori Mincho: Copyright 2021 The Shippori Mincho Project Authors
-(https://github.com/fontdasu/ShipporiMincho). SIL Open Font License 1.1;
-see assets/fonts/OFL-ShipporiMincho.txt.
+The experimental Windows 7 build (packaging/windows/windows7.ps1) compiles a modified copy of the
+windows-link crate 0.2.1 (vendor/windows-link; Microsoft, MIT OR Apache-2.0) that binds CoTaskMemFree
+through ole32.dll. Its license texts are in vendor/windows-link and ship in that build's ZIP; every
+other build uses the unmodified crate from crates.io.
+
+Builds made with craft-fonts (the CRAFT_FONTS_DIR build option; all official releases) embed the
+fonts listed in https://github.com/storytold/craft-fonts/blob/main/ATTRIBUTION.md (BIZ UDPGothic,
+Shippori Mincho, BIZ UDMincho, Noto Sans CJK SC and Noto Sans Arabic in the current manifest;
+web builds BIZ UDPGothic Regular only) under the SIL
+Open Font License 1.1. Their license texts ship with the release packages as OFL-<family>.txt.
+
+PDF import decodes CJK text with Adobe's CMap resources (https://github.com/adobe-type-tools/cmap-resources),
+compiled into the app through the hayro-cmap crate under the BSD 3-Clause License:
+
+Copyright 1990-2023 Adobe. All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+Neither the name of Adobe nor the names of its contributors may be
+used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

README.md

@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@
 
 <p align="center">
   A fast, open-source, clean-room take on the Adobe Illustrator workflow. It runs natively on
-  macOS, Windows and Linux, and in the browser via WebAssembly. Built by the ArtCraft team.
+  macOS, Windows, Linux and FreeBSD, and in the browser via WebAssembly. Built by the ArtCraft team.
 </p>
 
 <p align="center">
   <img alt="Status: in active development" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/status-in%20active%20development-e8573f">
   <img alt="Written in pure Rust" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/pure-Rust-b83a24?logo=rust&logoColor=white">
-  <img alt="Runs on macOS, Windows, Linux and the web" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/runs%20on-macOS%20%C2%B7%20Windows%20%C2%B7%20Linux%20%C2%B7%20Web-555555">
+  <img alt="Runs on macOS, Windows, Linux, FreeBSD and the web" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/runs%20on-macOS%20%C2%B7%20Windows%20%C2%B7%20Linux%20%C2%B7%20FreeBSD%20%C2%B7%20Web-555555">
   <img alt="MCP server for agents" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/agents-MCP%20server-555555">
   <img alt="License: MIT OR Apache-2.0" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT%20OR%20Apache--2.0-555555">
 </p>
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 <br>
 
 <p align="center">
-  <img src="docs/images/shot-1-neon.png" alt="VectorCraft editing the Neon Drive poster: the title is selected, the Appearance panel shows its live Outer Glow, and the Properties panel shows its character settings" width="100%">
+  <img src="docs/images/shot-1-neon.png" alt="VectorCraft editing the Neon Drive poster: the title is selected, the Appearance panel shows the settings of its live Outer Glow, and the Properties panel shows its character settings" width="100%">
   <br><sub><b>Neon Drive</b>: a Pathfinder-cut sun, live Outer Glow on the type and grid, and clipping masks · <code>examples/neon-drive.vectorcraft</code></sub>
 </p>
 
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@
 <table>
 <tr>
 <td width="50%" valign="top">
-  <img src="docs/images/shot-2-ribbons.png" alt="Three live blend ribbons of 55 to 70 steps with smooth colour, clipped to the artboard, with the Layers panel open" width="100%">
-  <p align="center"><sub><b>Live Blends</b>: editable key paths and smooth colour, clipped to the artboard</sub></p>
+  <img src="docs/images/shot-2-ribbons.png" alt="Three live blend ribbons clipped to the artboard, one selected with its key paths showing; the Layers panel lists the clip group, the blends and the selected blend's two key paths" width="100%">
+  <p align="center"><sub><b>Live Blends and Layers</b>: editable key paths, smooth colour, every object a row</sub></p>
 </td>
 <td width="50%" valign="top">
   <img src="docs/images/shot-4-bezier.png" alt="Direct Selection tool showing anchor points and Bézier handles on a crescent built with Pathfinder, with the contextual task bar below it" width="100%">
@@ -72,7 +72,11 @@
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
-<td colspan="2" valign="top">
+<td width="50%" valign="top">
+  <img src="docs/images/shot-5-perspective.png" alt="Two lit building facades drawn on the left and right planes of a two-point perspective grid at sunset, with the Perspective Selection tool and the Plane Switching Widget" width="100%">
+  <p align="center"><sub><b>Perspective Grid</b>: art attached to its planes stays editable in perspective · <code>examples/perspective-city.vectorcraft</code></sub></p>
+</td>
+<td width="50%" valign="top">
   <img src="docs/images/shot-3-sheet.png" alt="Four artboards in the light UI theme: Pathfinder, Gradient Mesh, radial Repeat and Envelope Distort" width="100%">
   <p align="center"><sub><b>Multiple artboards, light theme</b>: Pathfinder · Gradient Mesh · live radial Repeat · Envelope Distort · <code>examples/feature-sheet.vectorcraft</code></sub></p>
 </td>
@@ -154,6 +158,14 @@ cd apps/vectorcraft-web && trunk build --release            # web build → dist
 cargo xtask ci                                            # fmt, clippy, tests, layering, wasm, vendor names
 ```
 
+Japanese fonts come from [storytold/craft-fonts](https://github.com/storytold/craft-fonts), an optional
+build input (releases always use it): `CRAFT_FONTS_DIR="$PWD/../craft-fonts" cargo run --release -p vectorcraft` (an absolute path).
+Without it, Japanese text uses the installed system fonts. See [`docs/development.md`](docs/development.md#fonts-craft-fonts-optional-build-input).
+
+On laptops with two graphics processors, VectorCraft uses the power-saving (integrated) one by default.
+To use the discrete one, choose **Preferences › Performance › Graphics Processor › High Performance**
+and restart, or start the app with `WGPU_POWER_PREF=high` (see [`docs/development.md`](docs/development.md#desktop-graphics-processor)).
+
 ### Use it from Claude Code and other agents
 
 Register the MCP server with Claude Code:
@@ -164,15 +176,19 @@ claude mcp add vectorcraft -- /path/to/vectorcraft-cli mcp
 
 The details are in [`docs/mcp.md`](docs/mcp.md) and [`docs/control-protocol.md`](docs/control-protocol.md).
 
+For the experimental, unsupported 64-bit Windows 7 build, see [Windows 7 instructions](docs/windows7.md).
+
 ## Status
 
 VectorCraft is under active development. [**ROADMAP.md**](ROADMAP.md) covers what ships today, the
 milestones, and honest time-to-parity estimates.
 
-**Where we are (2026-10-06):** roughly 69–75% of Illustrator's features exist and work, and about 40–55% of
+**Where we are (2026-10-07):** roughly 69–75% of Illustrator's features exist and work, and about 40–55% of
 "a power user can't tell the difference". Everyday vector illustration is close to usable: drawing and path tools,
-Pathfinder and Shape Builder, paint, gradients, appearance and transparency, type with styles and threading, and
-files (SVG, PDF and PDF-compatible `.ai` with PDF/X, EPS, DXF, EMF/WMF, raster formats and PSD, Print, Package). The scores are
+Pathfinder and Shape Builder, paint, gradients, appearance and transparency, type with styles, threading and Hebrew/Arabic bidirectional layout, and
+files (SVG, PDF and PDF-compatible `.ai` with PDF/X, EPS, DXF, EMF/WMF, raster formats and PSD, Print, Package). The interface
+speaks English, Japanese, Traditional and Simplified Chinese and Spanish (and Czech and Brazilian Portuguese in the menus).
+The scores are
 self-assessed, so the [honest assessment](ROADMAP.md#honest-assessment-2026-10-05) explains how far to trust them.
 
 **What's missing:**
@@ -193,7 +209,8 @@ the UI can be swapped without touching the engine.
 
 Agent and contributor rules (clean-room, the asset policy, no panics in shipped code, quality gates) are in
 [`AGENTS.md`](AGENTS.md); [`docs/development.md`](docs/development.md#robustness-vectorcraft-never-crashes)
-explains how VectorCraft avoids crashing. Every bundled asset is listed with its licence in [`ASSETS.md`](ASSETS.md).
+explains how VectorCraft avoids crashing, and [`docs/releasing.md`](docs/releasing.md) how releases are built,
+signed and published. Every bundled asset is listed with its licence in [`ASSETS.md`](ASSETS.md).
 
 ## The Crafting Apps
 
@@ -207,7 +224,7 @@ stand on its own.
 | <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/storytold/vectorcraft/main/assets/app-icon/hicolor/64x64/apps/ai.storyteller.vectorcraft.png" alt="" width="32" height="32"> | **VectorCraft** | **Vector illustration · you are here** | [GitHub](https://github.com/storytold/vectorcraft) | [Website](https://getartcraft.com/apps/vectorcraft) |
 | <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/storytold/filmcraft/main/assets/app-icon/hicolor/64x64/apps/ai.storyteller.filmcraft.png" alt="" width="32" height="32"> | **FilmCraft** | Video editing, color and sound | [GitHub](https://github.com/storytold/filmcraft) | [Website](https://getartcraft.com/apps/filmcraft) |
 | <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/storytold/lightcraft/main/assets/app-icon/hicolor/64x64/apps/ai.storyteller.lightcraft.png" alt="" width="32" height="32"> | **LightCraft** | Photo library and raw development | [GitHub](https://github.com/storytold/lightcraft) | [Website](https://getartcraft.com/apps/lightcraft) |
-| <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/storytold/printcraft/main/assets/app-icon/hicolor/64x64/apps/ai.storyteller.printcraft.png" alt="" width="32" height="32"> | **PrintCraft** | Reading, organizing and protecting PDFs | [GitHub](https://github.com/storytold/printcraft) | [Website](https://getartcraft.com/apps/printcraft) |
+| <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/storytold/pdfcraft/main/assets/app-icon/hicolor/64x64/apps/ai.storyteller.pdfcraft.png" alt="" width="32" height="32"> | **PdfCraft** | Reading, organizing and protecting PDFs | [GitHub](https://github.com/storytold/pdfcraft) | [Website](https://getartcraft.com/apps/pdfcraft) |
 | <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/storytold/effectcraft/main/assets/app-icon/hicolor/64x64/apps/ai.storyteller.effectcraft.png" alt="" width="32" height="32"> | **EffectCraft** | Motion graphics and visual effects | [GitHub](https://github.com/storytold/effectcraft) | [Website](https://getartcraft.com/apps/effectcraft) |
 | <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/storytold/designcraft/main/assets/app-icon/hicolor/64x64/apps/ai.storyteller.designcraft.png" alt="" width="32" height="32"> | **DesignCraft** | Page layout and publishing | [GitHub](https://github.com/storytold/designcraft) | [Website](https://getartcraft.com/apps/designcraft) |
 
@@ -235,13 +252,19 @@ And [**ArtCraft**](https://getartcraft.com/) itself, our AI image and video stud
   <a href="https://getartcraft.com/apps/vectorcraft">VectorCraft</a>
 </p>
 
+## Star history
+
+[![Star History Chart](https://api.star-history.com/svg?repos=storytold/vectorcraft&type=Date&legend=top-left)](https://www.star-history.com/?repos=storytold%2Fvectorcraft&type=date&legend=top-left)
+
 ## License and credits
 
 VectorCraft is dual-licensed under [MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or [Apache-2.0](LICENSE-APACHE), at your option.
 Copyright (c) 2026 ArtCraft Team and the VectorCraft contributors. Required notices are in [NOTICE](NOTICE).
 
 Bundled fonts, icons, images and other assets keep their own open licenses; each one is listed
-with its author, source and license in [ASSETS.md](ASSETS.md).
+with its author, source and license in [ASSETS.md](ASSETS.md). Release builds also embed the
+fonts of [craft-fonts](https://github.com/storytold/craft-fonts/blob/main/ATTRIBUTION.md) (Japanese,
+Simplified Chinese and Arabic faces; SIL Open Font License 1.1).
 
 The app icon (an engraved dragon on VectorCraft red, `#e8573f`) is the owner's original artwork; its
 palette and files are in [`assets/app-icon/`](assets/app-icon/README.md).

ROADMAP.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ VectorCraft is a clean-room, open-source, pure-Rust reimplementation of the Adob
 
 This file tracks **how far we are and what's left**. Time estimates are wall-clock hours of continuous Claude Opus 5.5 agent work (including builds and the CI gate), given both for **one agent** and for **4–6 parallel agents** on disjoint crates. They are counted from the remaining work (see [Parity estimate](#parity-estimate)), calibrated against measured throughput, and updated as work lands.
 
-_Last updated: 2026-10-06 (after M4.14–M4.98, M8.1–M8.20 and M14.4–M14.7; see [Honest assessment](#honest-assessment-2026-10-05))._
+_Last updated: 2026-10-08 (after M4.14–M4.98, M8.1–M8.20, M14.4–M14.7, the MCP prompts, resource templates, completions and logging, the 2026-10-07 issue fixes, the Layers panel rework and the 2026-10-08 community contributions: Pen and shape-tool modifiers, path editing, Layers, Artboards, Swatches/Brushes and dialogs, Japanese composition and PDF text, Hebrew/Arabic type, interface languages (Spanish among them), the font menu, saved selections, MCP and EPS, and the missing-font export warning (#319); see [Honest assessment](#honest-assessment-2026-10-05))._
 
 ## Where we are
 
@@ -33,16 +33,16 @@ since 2026-10-01.
 
 | Dimension | Estimate | Evidence and what's missing |
 |---|---|---|
-| **Breadth:** menus, tools and panels exist | ~90% | 16 menu items still stubbed; every tool implemented except Touch Type; 51 panel modules |
+| **Breadth:** menus, tools and panels exist | ~90% | 13 menu items still stubbed; every tool implemented except Touch Type; 51 panel modules |
 | **Depth:** each feature behaves like Illustrator | ~69–75% | Strong: paint, appearance and colour (M3), Pathfinder and booleans, selection, drawing, files (M4). Weak: advanced type (~45%), brushes and symbols (in progress), raster effects (~20%) |
-| **Large missing subsystems** | 0–20% | 3D & Materials (0%), Photoshop-style raster effects and the Effect Gallery (~1 of ~56 filters), SVG Filters, CJK composition (vertical type has initial support), Variables (data merge), scripting |
+| **Large missing subsystems** | 0–20% | 3D & Materials (0%), Photoshop-style raster effects and the Effect Gallery (~1 of ~56 filters), SVG Filters, CJK composition (vertical type with kinsoku, tate-chu-yoko and the font's vertical metrics; ruby, mojikumi and proportional vertical metrics open), Variables (data merge), scripting |
 | **Interaction fidelity:** modifiers, cursors, small behaviours | ~30–40% | The dedicated pass hasn't started, and there has been no side-by-side session with Illustrator yet. A power user notices this first |
 | **Look & feel** | ~75–80% | Measured against Illustrator 2026 screenshots (2026-10-02); the panels added since haven't been re-measured |
 | **File interop** | ~85% | SVG/SVGZ, PDF and PDF-compatible `.ai`, EPS, DXF, EMF/WMF, raster formats, PSD export, Place and Links, Package, Print, clipboard flavours. Native `.ai` private data is out of scope by design; DWG has no open spec |
 | **Bundled content:** brush, symbol, style and swatch libraries | ~30% | Ours are original and generated in code, and far fewer than Illustrator ships; brush and symbol libraries are still missing |
 | **Performance** | unverified | Multithreaded, off-thread rendering and caches are in place. The last budget run (2026-10-01, loaded machine) measured 290 ms for a 50k-path fit against a 16 ms budget. Re-run `vectorcraft-cli perf` on an idle machine |
 | **Robustness** | good, new | ~2,840 tests, property tests, no panics in shipped code (lints, the `guard` safety net, import fuzzing), Data Recovery. Missing: a corpus of real-world files, Windows/Linux/browser QA |
-| **Platforms and 1.0 polish** | ~60% | The macOS app and the web build work; Windows/Linux packaging and accessibility are pending |
+| **Platforms and 1.0 polish** | ~60% | The macOS app and the web build work, and Finder opens every readable format with the macOS app (#295, #354); hybrid-graphics laptops render on the power-saving GPU by default (#306); web drops land in the document they were dropped on (#359); Windows/Linux packaging and accessibility are pending; an experimental, unsupported Windows 7 x64 OpenGL build exists (community-contributed, not verified by maintainers) |
 | **Agent automation** | beyond Illustrator | Every command, gesture and dialog is drivable over MCP, the CLI and the control channel |
 
 ### Where we're lacking (in priority order)
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ Ordered by how much each gap blocks someone from switching. Sizes are one-agent
 3. **3D and Materials:** Extrude & Bevel, Revolve, Inflate and Rotate with lighting and materials, using a software
    renderer in its own crate (layering allows it below L6), with output in SVG/PDF as rasters or projected vectors.
    The largest single gap. 50–80 h.
-4. **Advanced type:** CJK composition for vertical type (kinsoku, ruby, tate-chu-yoko, vertical font metrics,
-   mixed-script orientation), Optical Margin Alignment, the composer/hyphenation options, tab leaders, a
+4. **Advanced type:** CJK composition for vertical type (ruby, mojikumi, proportional vertical metrics, manual
+   tate-chu-yoko), Optical Margin Alignment, the composer/hyphenation options, tab leaders, a
    spell-check dictionary (open licence), Touch Type and Snap to Glyph. Vertical point, area and path type have
    initial support. 35–48 h across type core and advanced.
 5. **Brushes, symbols and libraries:** brush options depth; original brush, symbol and graphic-style libraries
@@ -88,33 +88,48 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
 - **Automation:**
   - Actions panel (record/playback, persisted), generic parameter dialogs for every "…" command.
   - JSON-lines control channel with real egui pointer and keyboard injection.
-  - MCP server with 25 tools (drawing, text, effects, Pathfinder, transforms, graphs, text wrap, export, screenshots, any command), attached to the running app or headless.
+  - MCP server with 25 tools (drawing, text, effects, Pathfinder, transforms, graphs, text wrap, export, screenshots, any command), attached to the running app or headless. Tool descriptions and replies agree with the engine: format lists come from its format table, `save_file` says it keeps the document's own format, `inspect_document` reports the paint type's characters show, and selection exports report the encoder's warnings.
+  - MCP protocol: five prompts (`prompts/list` / `prompts/get`: poster, icon set, recolour, trace-and-style, export set), `completion/complete` for prompt arguments and template variables read from the live catalogues (formats, effect ids, command ids, trace presets, swatch and object ids), four resource templates (`vectorcraft://object/{id}`, `//command/{id}`, `//effect/{id}`, `//swatch/{name}`) so an agent reads one thing instead of the whole document, and `logging/setLevel` with `notifications/message`. `window.panel` ids are case-insensitive (display labels work too), `vectorcraft://object/{id}` reads through `document.node {summary: true}` (the same reply bytes from one lookup instead of summarizing the whole document: a leaf read on a 2,000-object document drops from ~20 ms to ~0.06 ms), and the CLI sweeps the protocol surface over stdio against the compiled binary. `docs/mcp.md` has a Protocol section covering the capability table and what is deliberately absent (subscriptions, progress, cancellation, sampling, elicitation, Streamable HTTP — all of which need the transport to interleave reads).
   - Headless CLI (`vectorcraft-cli run`, `convert`, `info`, `bench`, `perf`, `mcp`).
   - Actions panel that records and plays back commands.
 - **UI:** Illustrator 2026 layout restyled to measured values:
   - Medium Dark theme, categorized and Advanced toolbars, 35 pt document tabs, 33 pt panel tabs.
   - Hint bar, contextual task bar, 19 dock panels with ≡ menus.
+  - The dock's double arrow collapses Properties, Layers and Libraries to icons at the top of the icon column, popping out like the other icon panels, and expands them again (`window.collapseDock`, kept with the preferences and in saved workspaces). The icon column's own arrow (expanding the icon panels into a full column) is not done.
+  - Localised UI: menus (in-window and native), panels, dialogs, toolbar and Preferences read from per-language catalogs (`crates/ui-egui/src/i18n`, see `docs/development.md`); Traditional Chinese (Taiwan), Simplified Chinese (mainland), Japanese and Spanish ship complete, and Czech and Brazilian Portuguese cover every menu label (and more), with system-locale detection on macOS, Windows and Linux, a VectorCraft ▸ Language menu and a Language preference. Names are never translated (fonts and their styles, layers, artboards, saved presets, user libraries, custom workspaces, recent files, plug-ins).
   - Native macOS menu bar, vector tool cursors, a ⌘K command palette, middle-button panning with any tool.
+  - macOS: Finder opens every format File › Open reads with VectorCraft (double-click, Open With, a drop on the Dock icon, `open -a`), at launch or while it runs; the release and `cargo xtask bundle` apps share one `Info.plist` that declares those document types, owning only VectorCraft's own formats.
+  - A canvas context menu: right-click selects the object under the pointer and lists what applies to the selection (Undo/Redo, clipboard, group, isolation, join, Remove Anchor Points when anchors are selected, masks, compound paths, guides, Transform, Arrange, Select, Export Selection), or the view commands on empty canvas.
   - Save / Don't Save / Cancel before closing or quitting with unsaved documents (tabs, Close, Close All, Quit, window close).
   - Four brightness themes, persistent preferences.
-  - On Windows and Linux the app bar is the window's title bar (its own minimize, maximize and close buttons, drag to move, edges to resize), with the dragon app icon as the brand mark; dialogs and menus size to their content.
+  - Dialogs open with their first field focused and its value selected: type a value and press Enter (Move, Rotate, Scale…). Number fields in panels and dialogs step with Up/Down (Shift: ten, Ctrl/Cmd: a tenth of their unit), applied at once.
+  - Tab shows and hides the panels (in the Type tool it types a tab) without moving the keyboard focus onto a field, so the next shortcut or letter still works; in dialogs and panel fields it moves between fields.
+  - On Windows and Linux the app bar is the window's title bar (its own minimize, maximize and close buttons, drag to move, edges to resize), with the dragon app icon as the brand mark; dialogs and menus size to their content. As on a native menu bar, once one menu is open, moving the pointer onto another title opens that one.
 - **Tools:**
-  - **Selection:** Selection, Direct/Group Selection, Magic Wand, Lasso.
-  - **Drawing:** Pen, Curvature, anchor tools, Pencil, Paintbrush, Blob Brush, Smooth, Path Eraser, Join.
-  - **Shapes:** all shape tools (including Flare) and the line, arc, spiral and grid tools.
+  - **Selection:** Selection, Direct/Group Selection, Magic Wand, Lasso. Dragging a path segment with Direct Selection bends it when it's curved (its anchors stay) and moves its two anchors when it's straight, one undo step; the fill, Shift or Alt still pick the whole path (Alt-drag copies it).
+  - **Saved selections:** Select ▸ Save Selection… asks for a name and keeps the selection in the document (saved with the file, undoable, up to 25); each one is listed at the bottom of the Select menu and a click selects its objects again; Edit Selection… lists them to rename or delete, applied together on OK. A file's saved selections are capped and checked against its objects when it opens. Not yet: Update Selection and the Layers panel's saved-selection menu.
+  - **Drawing:** Pen, Curvature, anchor tools, Pencil, Paintbrush, Blob Brush, Smooth, Path Eraser, Join. Direction handles dragged with Direct Selection or the Anchor Point tool snap to smart guides, and Shift keeps them at 45° steps from their anchor.
+  - **Shapes:** all shape tools (including Flare) and the line, arc, spiral and grid tools. Space held while dragging out a shape, line, arc, spiral or grid moves it at its current size. While a grid is dragged out, Up/Down change its rows (concentric dividers) and Left/Right its columns (radial dividers).
   - **Cutting:** Eraser, Scissors, Knife, Mirror & Cut, Line Cut and Rectangle Cut (real geometry, compound paths keep their holes).
-  - **Transform:** Rotate, Reflect, Scale, Shear (click or Alt-click snaps the reference point to anchors and centres), Reshape, Free Transform (distort/perspective).
-  - **Live Corners:** drag a live rectangle's corner widgets (Selection or Direct Selection) to round all corners, with a radius readout.
+  - **Transform:** Rotate, Reflect, Scale, Shear (click or Alt-click snaps the reference point to anchors and centres; Alt-click opens the tool's dialog, and a drag with Alt down at the release, from the press or pressed mid-drag, transforms a copy), Reshape, Free Transform (free and perspective distort and shear, switched by the keys held during a handle drag).
+  - **Live Corners:** drag a live rectangle's corner widgets (Selection or Direct Selection) to round all corners, with a radius readout. Corners stay circular when the rectangle is scaled unevenly or along its own sides when rotated (the radius keeps its size, or scales by the mean scale with Scale Corners on); only a shear distorts them.
+  - **Pen:** Alt pressed in the middle of dragging out an anchor splits its handles and keeps the curve already shaped into it (only the outgoing handle follows the pointer); Space held while dragging out an anchor moves it, handles and all. Clicking the last anchor of the path being drawn retracts its outgoing handle (convert cursor), and dragging from it pulls out a new one on its own. Auto Add/Delete: over a selected path, a click on a segment adds an anchor and a click on an anchor deletes it (add and delete cursors); Shift held, or Preferences › General › Disable Auto Add/Delete, starts a new path instead.
   - **Graphs:** Column, Stacked Column, Bar, Stacked Bar, Line, Area, Scatter, Pie and Radar graph tools with Graph Data and Graph Type.
-  - **Other:** Eyedropper, Gradient annotator, Artboard, Measure, Type, Hand, Zoom, Rotate View.
-- **Drawing aids:** Smart Guides and snapping, and Draw Normal / Behind / Inside modes.
+  - **Other:** Eyedropper, Gradient annotator, Artboard (Alt-drag duplicates an artboard, and its art with Move/Copy Artwork with Artboard on), Measure, Type, Hand, Zoom, Rotate View.
+  - **Editing type:** double-clicking type with a selection tool switches to the Type tool with the caret where it was clicked.
+  - **Temporary tools:** Cmd with any other tool drags with the selection tool used last (Selection, Direct Selection or Group Selection). Held Space pans and Cmd+Space zooms (Cmd+Alt+Space out) whatever the tool.
+  - **Panel drag and drop:** art dragged off the canvas onto the Symbols panel becomes a symbol, onto the Swatches panel a pattern swatch and onto the Brushes panel an Art brush; a symbol dragged onto the canvas places an instance where it is dropped, and a brush dragged onto a path is applied to it.
+  - **Tool double-clicks:** double-clicking a tool's button opens its options: Hand fits the artboard in the window, Zoom shows 100 %, Rotate, Scale, Reflect and Shear open their Object › Transform dialogs, the Selection, Direct Selection and Group Selection tools the Move dialog (Enter opens these seven tools' dialogs too), Gradient, Eyedropper, Blend and the Liquify tools their panels or options.
+- **Layers panel:** every layer, sublayer, group and object is a clickable row at any depth: a click highlights it and makes its layer current (new art goes there), Shift-click a range, Ctrl/Cmd-click toggles. Sublayers are no longer treated as objects: clicks, marquees, Select All and the Select menu take the art inside them, and each sublayer selects in its own colour. Selection squares on rows with selected art (click selects a row's art, Shift adds or removes; dragging the square moves the selection to another row, Alt copies), the eye and lock on every row with drag-down-the-column (one undo step), Ctrl/Cmd-click an eye for per-layer Outline, Alt-click an eye or lock to hide or lock the other layers (again: show or unlock them all), triangles with Alt to open or close everything inside, drag and drop rows above, below or into layers and groups with a drop line (Alt copies, the trash deletes), inline rename, Delete key on highlighted rows. Buttons and the full panel menu: New Layer/Sublayer (Alt: options, Ctrl: on top), Duplicate, Delete, Options for Selection, clipping mask, isolation, Locate Object, Merge Selected, Flatten Artwork, Collect in New Layer, Release to Layers (Sequence and Build), Reverse Order, Template, Hide/Outline/Lock Others and Show/Preview/Unlock All, Paste Remembers Layers, Panel Options (row size, thumbnails per kind, Show Layers Only). Layer Options: name, colour (presets or custom), Template, Lock, Show, Print, Preview (outline drawing and clicking) and Dim Images to %. Every operation is a command (`layer.move`, `layer.highlight`, `layer.merge`…) with validation against cycles and invalid nesting.
+- **Drawing aids:** Smart Guides and snapping (moving, and resizing by the bounding-box handles: the dragged edges align with the other objects; the Artboard tool snaps artboards, and their bleed, to other artboards, bleeds and art, the grid or whole pixels while moving, copying and resizing them, and the Transform panel shows and edits the active artboard's X/Y/W/H), guides dragged out of the rulers, and Draw Normal / Behind / Inside modes.
+- **Views:** the status bar's artboard navigator (first, previous, next, last; `view.goToArtboard`) goes to an artboard and fits it, and Fit Artboard in Window and Actual Size show the navigator's artboard. The Artboards panel highlights that active artboard: clicking a row makes it active (the Artboard tool's too, while it is chosen) as does clicking an artboard with the Artboard tool, double-clicking its number also fits it in the window and double-clicking its name renames it.
 - **Geometry and effects:**
-  - Pathfinder (10 exact curve booleans), Offset, Outline Stroke, Simplify, Clean Up, Split Into Grid, Divide Objects Below.
-  - Live effects with previewing dialogs: Distort & Transform, Path, Convert to Shape, 15 Warp styles, Round Corners, Scribble, Effect → Pathfinder (all 10 operations, live on groups), Color Adjustments (Brightness/Contrast, Curves, Levels, Hue/Saturation, Shift to Color, Temperature/Tint, on vectors, live type and embedded images), and raster drop shadow, glows and feather. SVG and PDF export keep live effects (geometry baked; SVG raster effects as filters).
-- **Type:** Text Wrap, Type on a Path effects (Rainbow/Skew/3D Ribbon/Stair Step/Gravity), Character and Paragraph Styles (override-preserving redefine), Area Type Options (rows/columns/inset/first baseline), threaded text across any closed shapes, Fit Headline.
-- **Japanese interface and vertical type:** VectorCraft ▸ Language switches the menus between English and Japanese (untranslated labels stay English) and persists; the bundled OFL Shippori Mincho gives Japanese glyphs without system fonts. Vertical Type, Vertical Area Type and Vertical Type on a Path create vertical text (columns right to left, upright CJK glyphs with `vert`/`vrt2` alternates); Type ▸ Type Orientation switches existing text; caret, selection, hit testing and arrow keys follow the writing direction. Vertical text exports to PDF as real text and to SVG as outlines.
+  - Pathfinder (10 exact curve booleans), Offset, Outline Stroke, Simplify, Clean Up, Split Into Grid, Divide Objects Below. Object › Path › Remove Anchor Points (`path.removeAnchors`) removes the direct-selected anchors without opening their paths (the Delete key still deletes them with their segments): the neighbours keep their handle directions and their facing handles are refitted so one cubic follows the two old segments, and straight sides stay straight. The Delete Anchor Point tool uses the same refit. The Control bar, the contextual task bar, the Properties quick actions and the canvas context menu offer it when anchors are selected.
+  - Live effects with previewing dialogs: Distort & Transform, Path, Convert to Shape, 15 Warp styles, Round Corners, Scribble, Effect → Pathfinder (all 10 operations, live on groups; several loose objects are grouped first, in one undo step), Color Adjustments (Brightness/Contrast, Curves, Levels, Hue/Saturation, Shift to Color, Temperature/Tint, on vectors, live type and embedded images), and raster drop shadow, glows and feather. SVG and PDF export keep live effects (geometry baked; SVG raster effects as filters).
+- **Type:** Text Wrap, Type on a Path effects (Rainbow/Skew/3D Ribbon/Stair Step/Gravity), Character and Paragraph Styles (override-preserving redefine), Area Type Options (rows/columns/inset/first baseline), threaded text across any closed shapes, Fit Headline. Area type resizes like Illustrator's type areas: a bounding-box handle drag (Selection tool) or Area Type Options Width/Height size the frame and the text reflows at its size (threads too); Direct Selection drags a frame corner or edge (`text.reshapeArea`). Point type still scales. Variable fonts list every named instance as a style of their family (Figtree Light to Black and their italics, Bahnschrift, Segoe UI Variable), and the instance chosen is shaped, drawn, outlined and measured at its axis settings; PDF and SVG embed it as that instance. Variation axis sliders are not done. Hebrew and Arabic are laid out right to left with the Unicode bidirectional algorithm (embedded Latin and numbers keep their direction, lines put in visual order after wrapping) in point, area and path type, with caret, selection and arrow keys in visual order; each paragraph's direction comes from its first strong character unless Paragraph Direction sets it (Paragraph panel with Show Indic Options, `text.setFormat {direction}`), and new type aligns to the start of its direction. SVG export outlines right-to-left text.
+- **Interface languages, vertical type:** VectorCraft ▸ Language (or Preferences ▸ User Interface) picks Automatic (the system locale) or a registered language, persisted as `interfaceLanguage`. Translations come from per-language catalogs (`i18n/*.tsv`): Traditional and Simplified Chinese, Japanese and Spanish (neutral international Spanish, for every `es-*` locale) cover the whole interface, Czech and Brazilian Portuguese every menu label, Brazilian Portuguese the shell's `tl!` literals too (tested); untranslated text stays English. Japanese and Chinese glyphs come from the craft-fonts build input (release builds) or the installed fonts, Czech and Spanish ones from the bundled UI fonts. The Basic toolbar's Type button holds Vertical Type in its flyout. Vertical Type, Vertical Area Type and Vertical Type on a Path create vertical text (columns right to left, upright CJK glyphs and marks with `vert` alternates, Latin and longer numbers on their side, two- and three-digit numbers set as tate-chu-yoko in one em of the column (kept whole when justified), upright glyphs centred on the column (tracked or justified too), point type's anchor on the first column's centre line); kinsoku (the strict set) applies to horizontal and vertical Japanese, and justified Japanese lines spread their room between characters (not inside Latin words); Paragraph panel › Mojikumi Set (shown with Preferences › Type › Show East Asian Options, `text.setFormat {mojikumi}`): None or Line-end Punctuation Half Width (new type's default, as in Illustrator; older documents and imported text keep None) shares one half-em space between consecutive punctuation, sets a closing mark ending a line half width, and puts a quarter em between Japanese and Latin letters or digits; Paragraph panel menu › Top-to-Top / Bottom-to-Bottom Leading measures leading from em box top to top (area type's first line touches the frame) or from baseline to baseline; Type ▸ Type Orientation switches existing text; caret, selection, hit testing and arrow keys follow the writing direction. Vertical text exports to PDF as real text and to SVG as outlines.
 - **Transparency:** opacity masks (clip/invert/disable/link), exported as SVG `<mask>` and PDF soft masks.
-- **Advanced art:** live Blends (steps/distance/smooth colour, editable spine, anchor-targeted Blend tool, faithful interpolation, knockout), Envelope Distort (warp/mesh/top object, Reset, full Envelope Options, mesh handles, Edit Contents; type, images, symbols, gradients, patterns and appearance distorted everywhere), Liquify tools with options and pen pressure, Puppet Warp with rotating pins, Perspective Grid with presets, movable planes and projected type, Gradient Mesh, Shape Builder, Live Paint, Image Trace (12 presets), pattern swatches with pattern editing mode, live Repeat (radial/grid/mirror).
+- **Advanced art:** live Blends (steps/distance/smooth colour, editable spine, anchor-targeted Blend tool, faithful interpolation, knockout), Envelope Distort (warp/mesh/top object, Reset, full Envelope Options, mesh handles, Edit Contents; type, images, symbols, gradients, patterns and appearance distorted everywhere), Liquify tools with options and pen pressure, Puppet Warp with rotating pins, Perspective Grid with presets, movable planes and projected type (choosing a perspective tool shows the grid; Hide Grid hides it with the tool still chosen), Gradient Mesh, Shape Builder, Live Paint (every path an edge, open lines included), Image Trace (12 presets), pattern swatches with pattern editing mode, live Repeat (radial/grid/mirror).
 - **Paint and appearance (M3):**
   - **Swatches:** names follow the colour model and are unique; Swatch Options (process/spot, Global, Gray/RGB/HSB/CMYK/Web, live preview); editing a global or spot swatch recolours every linked fill, stroke and text run in one undo step; multi-select and delete with confirmation; New Swatch and New Color Group dialogs (a group from the selected artwork's colours); swatches in colour groups convert, separate and count like any other. The Swatches panel selects ranges and whole groups, has a find field, and drags swatches to reorder, regroup or paint art; Add Used Colors, Select All Unused, Merge, Ungroup and Sort by Kind; a CMYK document keeps applied colours in CMYK. Swatch libraries: nine generated colour libraries and five gradient libraries in a library panel, saved and loaded as `.vcswatches`, `.gpl` or CSS. Tints of global and spot colours ("Name 40%") stay linked and separate as a percentage of their plate. Spot colours can be defined in Lab (Spot Colors options). A built-in [Registration] swatch prints on every plate.
   - **Colour:** a Color Picker (colour field, H/S/B/R/G/B channel slider, HSB/RGB/Lab/CMYK fields, hex, web-only snapping, out-of-gamut correction); the Color panel follows each colour's own model and Alt-click paints the other proxy; proxies look through groups and show "?" for mixed paint; Invert, Complement, Apply Last Color (`,`) and Apply Last Gradient (`.`) keep the colour model; every paint command feeds the recent colours. The Color Guide has 21 harmony rules, Steps and Variation options and Limit to Library. Adjust Color Balance (its Global mode shifts tints) and Saturate preview live; Edit Colors and Recolor also reach meshes, images and patterns. Recolor Artwork has colour reduction, five recolour methods, presets, Limit to Library, a colour-wheel Edit tab and Edit Color Group; a local Color Themes panel saves five-colour themes. Fill/Stroke chips open swatch and mixer popovers, panels have their shortcuts, and Eyedropper Options pick up and apply chosen attributes (Alt and Shift+Alt, image pixels). Fills and strokes can overprint (Attributes panel, Overprint Black options), and CMYK documents blend in inks on screen, in PDF and when flattening.
@@ -126,12 +141,14 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
   - **Graphic styles:** styles keep opacity and blend mode, capture groups and type, apply on top with Alt, and link to the objects using them; Redefine, Break Link, Graphic Style Options, Select All Unused, Sort by Name, and Select > Same Graphic Style / Appearance Attribute. The panel has list and thumbnail views with rendered previews, merge, reorder and drag and drop, plus a Control bar Style picker; six generated style libraries save and load as `.vcstyles`.
   - **Neutral wording:** labels, MCP tool text, docs and packaging use neutral names, and `cargo xtask brands` (part of `cargo xtask ci`) fails on vendor names.
 - **Colour, type and file workflows:** Recolor Artwork (dialog with harmonies), Edit Colors, Find & Replace, Change Case, Smart Punctuation, Guides, Lock/Hide Above, Transform Each, Rasterize.
+- **Fonts:** a font is found by any of its names (family and style in every language of its name table, legacy family/style pairs, PostScript name), so documents from other apps open with the font they name; Find Font and `text.fonts` say for each font whether it was found exactly, by another name, substituted or missing, and how many glyphs are missing. PDF and `.ai` import brings Japanese text back as live type: CID fonts without a ToUnicode map read through the standard CMaps, vertical columns (WMode 1) as vertical type, letter spacing as tracking; a glyph is live type only when the installed font (in the closest style of its family) draws the same glyph, and text in a font that isn't installed comes in as live type shown in the fallback font until the font is installed (exports that draw it — PDF, EPS, EMF/WMF, raster, SVG outlines or embedded fonts — warn that they wrote the fallback font; `textAs: outlines` keeps the PDF's embedded glyphs).
 - **Files (M4):**
-  - `.vectorcraft` (lossless JSON, compressed, atomic saves, save down to v1), Save As with a format chooser, Save a Copy, Revert, templates, Data Recovery after a crash, background save and export.
-  - SVG/SVGZ in and out with SVG Options, Preserve Editing, symbols, filters, rich text and physical units; PDF and PDF-compatible `.ai` in and out (layers, masks, editable text, spot colours, presets, security, marks and bleed, ICC output intents, raster effects, subset fonts, PDF/X, PDF layers, overprint, page thumbnails, fast web view, PDF 1.3).
-  - EPS and DXF in and out, EMF/WMF in and out; PNG (with PNG-8), JPEG, WebP, GIF, TIFF, BMP, Targa and layered PSD export.
+  - `.vectorcraft` (lossless JSON, compressed, atomic saves, save down to v1), Save As with a format chooser, Save a Copy, Revert, templates, Data Recovery after a crash (browser tabs hold their copies with Web Locks too, so a background tab's copies are never taken for a crash's, and a tab repairs copies another removed when it resumes: #367), background save and export.
+  - SVG/SVGZ in and out with SVG Options, Preserve Editing, symbols, filters, rich text and physical units; PDF and PDF-compatible `.ai` in and out (layers, masks, editable text with type set along a curve coming back as type on a path, each artboard's art on its own page only, an `.ai`'s white page under its layers left out rather than coming in as art, spot colours, presets, security, marks and bleed, ICC output intents, raster effects, subset fonts, PDF/X, PDF layers, overprint, page thumbnails, fast web view, PDF 1.3). CMYK images keep their ink amounts from PDF import (and from placed CMYK TIFFs) to PDF export: a CMYK JPEG passes through unchanged, others stay CMYK (DeviceCMYK, or ICC-based CMYK in PDF/X-3/X-4) unless the Output settings convert them; the canvas shows them through the working CMYK profile (#320).
+  - EPS and DXF in and out, EMF/WMF in and out; PNG (with PNG-8), JPEG, WebP, GIF, TIFF, BMP, Targa and layered PSD export. EPS import runs Illustrator's AGM/CoolType prologs (resource categories, `resourceforall`, `clipsave`/`cliprestore`, subarrays and substrings that share storage, the standard dictionaries in `systemdict`, `dictstack`, `internaldict`, executable filters, `cshow`, metadata skipped with `flushfile`), so Illustrator 30 EPS files open as vectors, and falls back to its palette TIFF preview. DXF TEXT justified Fit or Aligned spans its two points (stretched, or scaled as a whole).
   - Place and the Links panel, Package, File Info, Print with print presets, PostScript output and print tiling, slices and Save for Web, Export for Screens and Asset Export, CSS Properties, PNG/PDF/SVG/text clipboard flavours.
 - **Performance:** 20k shapes + 1k texts render in 27 ms per full-retina frame (7.8 ms zoomed), 7× faster than the first version. The UI thread never blocks. The web build is 7.1 MB gzipped.
+- **Graphics processor:** the canvas is rasterized on the CPU and the GPU only composites it, so the desktop app asks for the power-saving GPU by default (the integrated one on hybrid-graphics laptops, where presenting from the discrete GPU made the window flicker, #306). Preferences › Performance › Graphics Processor (`gpuPreference`) or `WGPU_POWER_PREF` picks the discrete one; Help › About and `ui.inspect` name the adapter in use.
 - **Tests and robustness:** ~2,840 automated tests: model-based property tests, a junk-parameter sweep over every command, import fuzzing (SVG, PDF, libraries), golden renders, and MCP end-to-end tests over stdio. Shipped code never panics (workspace lints and a rollback safety net; see `docs/development.md`).
 
 ## Milestones and estimates
@@ -140,19 +157,19 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
 |---|---|---|---|
 | M0 | Skeleton + vertical slice | ✅ done | — |
 | M1 | Selection, transform, layers, MCP | ✅ mostly done (transform reference point snaps to anchors/centres; rotated objects keep a rotated bounding box and their angle; Free Transform, Scale and Reflect along a rotated box pending) | 4–6 |
-| M2 | Drawing tools + smart guides | ✅ mostly done (Flare, Reshape, Live Corners widget dragging landed; Shaper, Pen modifier nuances) | 15–20 |
+| M2 | Drawing tools + smart guides | ✅ mostly done (Flare, Reshape, Live Corners widget dragging landed; Shaper, the remaining Pen modifier nuances) | 15–20 |
 | M3 | Paint & appearance (swatches, color, gradient, stroke, appearance, transparency, styles) | ✅ done (M3.7–M3.98): swatches, groups, libraries, tints, Lab spots and Registration; Color Picker, Color panel, Color Guide, Color Themes, Edit Colors and Recolor Artwork; gradients that follow every transform, the annotator, linked stops, freeform gradients, focal points, gradients on strokes and Expand; stroke geometry, arrowheads, dashes fitted to corners, stroke on type, width profiles and the Width tool, Scale Strokes and preview bounds; Appearance targeting, container appearance, target circles, Expand Appearance; knockout, isolation, blend accuracy, CMYK blending, overprint, Attributes, masks and clipping, Flatten Transparency; graphic styles, links and libraries. Left: freeform and mixed spot/process gradients export as stops or process colours to SVG/PDF; confirm the Scale Strokes & Effects default | 4–8 |
 | M4 | Files (native, SVG, PDF, raster, Export for Screens, clipboard interop) | ✅ done (M4.14–M4.98 on 2026-10-05): Save As/Save a Copy/Revert/templates, Data Recovery and background save, SVG import and export fidelity (units, text, symbols, filters, SVGZ, Preserve Editing, SVG Options), PDF import (colours, layers, masks, editable text, security) and export (presets, marks, bleed, ICC and output intent, raster effects, subset fonts, PDF/X-1a, X-3 and X-4, PDF layers, overprint, page thumbnails, fast web view, PDF 1.3), Place and Links, Package, EPS and DXF in and out, EMF/WMF, TIFF/BMP/Targa/PSD/GIF/PNG-8 export, Print and print presets, slices, Save for Web, Asset Export, clipboard flavours, File Info. Left: DWG (use DXF), PSD placement as layers, overprint read back from PDF, polish | 3–6 |
 | M5 | Performance | 🟡 background render + caches + MT done; `vectorcraft-cli bench` and `vectorcraft-cli perf` (budget suite); file format v2 opens 3× faster (50k paths: 722 → 244 ms); raster effects (glows, shadows, blur, feather) no longer force the whole frame single-threaded (filtered offscreen per effect, verified equal to the single-threaded reference); effect-heavy demos need a clean-machine benchmark; dirty-region rendering, GPU backend spike pending | 15–25 |
 | M6 | Path operations (Pathfinder, Shape Builder, offset…) | ✅ mostly done (Boolean precision on almost-horizontal edges fixed and the property tests made deterministic; Shape Builder edge erase, large-offset bug open) | 3–6 |
-| M7 | Type (point/area/path, editing, styles, OpenType, threading, glyphs) | 🟡 Character/Paragraph Styles, Area Type Options, threaded text, Fit Headline, Glyphs, OpenType panel, Find Font, installed system fonts in every font menu (searchable) and found by name on open/import, CJK names in the UI, Text Wrap (offset, invert, both sides of an object; follows edits), Type on a Path effects, tab stops + Tabs panel done; tab leaders, spell check, vertical type pending | 45–60 |
+| M7 | Type (point/area/path, editing, styles, OpenType, threading, glyphs) | 🟡 Character/Paragraph Styles, Area Type Options (with Width/Height), type areas resized by their handles and reshaped with Direct Selection, threaded text, Fit Headline, Glyphs, OpenType panel, Find Font, installed system fonts in every font menu (searchable; the Character and Properties menus show each family's sample of the selected text, preview it live under the pointer or ↑/↓, filter by script and kind, list a family's styles, and star favourites) and found by name on open/import, variable fonts' named instances as styles, CJK names in the UI, input methods (marked text in place, candidate window at the caret; Japanese IME), Text Wrap (offset, invert, both sides of an object; follows edits), Type on a Path effects, tab stops + Tabs panel, Hebrew/Arabic bidirectional text and Paragraph Direction done; tab leaders, spell check, vertical type pending | 45–60 |
 | M8 | Transform & distort (Puppet Warp, Liquify tools, Envelopes, Blends, Perspective Grid) | ✅ done (M8.1–M8.20 on 2026-10-06, fidelity pass): Liquify Tool Options with one shared brush, pen pressure, hold-to-apply, a safe scope and incremental strokes; tool options that last; Puppet Warp rotation, multi-select, Control bar and a rest-shape session that follows Undo; Width tool on compound paths; Envelope dialogs with preview, Reset with Warp/Mesh, full Envelope Options, type/images/symbols/appearance/gradients/patterns distorted on canvas and in every export, warps that keep their frame, Edit Contents, mesh handles and Control bar; Blend Options, anchor-targeted Blend tool, editable spine, keys picked on the canvas, faithful interpolation and knockout; Perspective Grid with Define Grid, presets, lock/snap/rulers, widgets, the 1–4 plane switch, movable planes, Perspective Selection scale/copy/perpendicular/Transform Again, and type and symbols truly projected with Edit Text. Left: Anti-Alias and Preserve Shape output, warp-envelope point editing, brush interpolation in blends, Free Transform/Scale/Reflect along a rotated box | 2–4 |
 | M9 | Live effects (+ 3D & Materials) | 🟡 2D effects done incl. Effect → Pathfinder and Color Adjustments; SVG Filters, Document Raster Effects Settings, 3D pending | 86–135 |
 | M10 | Brushes, symbols, patterns, Repeat | 🟡 pattern swatches (5 tile types, Pattern Options, editing mode, SVG `<pattern>`/PDF export) and live Repeat (radial/grid/mirror) done; brushes/symbols in progress | 23–37 |
-| M11 | Artboards & views (artboard panel/tool, Trim View, middle-button pan and print tiling done; multiple windows, presentation polish) | 🟡 | 15–25 |
+| M11 | Artboards & views (artboard panel/tool, Trim View, middle-button pan, print tiling and the status bar's artboard navigator done; multiple windows, presentation polish) | 🟡 | 15–25 |
 | M12 | Advanced color & art (CMYK/ICC, separations, Gradient Mesh, Live Paint, Image Trace, Graphs) | 🟡 Gradient Mesh, Live Paint, Image Trace (12 presets, 18 ms/1k² image), Recolor Artwork, colour management (ICC, soft proofing, separations preview), Graphs (all 9 tools, Graph Data/Type, regenerate in place) done; graph Design/Column/Marker designs pending | 6–10 |
 | M13 | Automation (Actions ✅ record/playback, persisted; variables, scripting, batch) | 🟡 | 18–27 |
-| M14 | 1.0 polish (preferences, shortcut editor, workspaces, accessibility, packaging for all OSes) | 🟡 Preferences, shortcut editor, workspaces, a custom title bar on Windows/Linux with a Home button, content-sized dialogs and menus that scroll when longer than the window done; accessibility, Windows/Linux packaging pending | 18–28 |
+| M14 | 1.0 polish (preferences, shortcut editor, workspaces, accessibility, packaging for all OSes) | 🟡 Preferences, shortcut editor (chords with Shift and a punctuation key fire as typed), workspaces, a custom title bar on Windows/Linux with a Home button, content-sized dialogs and menus that scroll when longer than the window done; an experimental, unsupported Windows 7 x64 portable OpenGL build (not verified by maintainers); accessibility and broader Windows/Linux packaging/QA pending | 18–28 |
 | — | Interaction fidelity pass (every tool's modifiers, Properties panel per context, isolation, nuance) | ⬜ | 60–90 |
 | — | Hardening at scale (big-file corpus, fuzzing, cross-platform + browser QA) | 🟡 | 50–80 |
 | | **Total to full parity** (one agent; re-derived from the [Parity estimate](#parity-estimate) table) | | **~320–500** |
@@ -172,26 +189,26 @@ about 1–1.5 agent-hours each, so the other rows (estimated on the older scale)
 | Area | Weight | Done | Missing (main items) | One agent (h) |
 |---|---:|---:|---|---:|
 | Selection, transform & align tools | 6 | 85% | Free Transform/Scale/Reflect along a rotated box, Start Global Edit, transform nuances (the rotated persistent bounding box is done) | 4–6 |
-| Drawing tools | 7 | 85% | Shaper Groups (merge/punch overlapping shapes), pen/pencil modifier nuances, Touch Type | 10–15 |
-| Path operations, Pathfinder, Shape Builder, Live Paint | 5 | 85% | Live Paint gap options, Shape Builder edge cases | 3–6 |
+| Drawing tools | 7 | 85% | Shaper Groups (merge/punch overlapping shapes), pencil and the remaining pen modifier nuances, Touch Type | 10–15 |
+| Path operations, Pathfinder, Shape Builder, Live Paint | 5 | 86% | Live Paint gap options, Shape Builder edge cases | 3–6 |
 | Colour, swatches, gradients, patterns, mesh, recolor | 7 | 96% | freeform and mixed spot/process gradients in SVG/PDF (exported as stops or process colours), pattern fills in Expand | 2–4 |
 | Strokes, brushes, width profiles | 5 | 88% | brush options depth, brush libraries (generated in code) | 6–10 |
 | Appearance, transparency, graphic styles, masks | 5 | 98% | raster effect reach in preview bounds (flattener presets apply in PDF, EPS and print) | 1–2 |
 | Live vector effects | 5 | 85% | Outline Object, Pathfinder Hard/Soft Mix and Trap, SVG Filters | 6–10 |
 | Raster effects (Effect Gallery, Document Raster Effects Settings) | 4 | 20% | ~55 Photoshop-style filters (Artistic, Brush Strokes, Distort, Pixelate, Sketch, Stylize, Texture, Video) and the Effect Gallery; Document Raster Effects Settings and raster effects in PDF are done | 28–42 |
 | 3D and Materials | 4 | 0% | Extrude & Bevel, Revolve, Inflate, Rotate, lighting, materials (software renderer) | 50–80 |
-| Type core | 9 | 78% | composer/hyphenation options, Optical Margin Alignment, hidden characters | 15–20 |
-| Type advanced | 4 | 45% | CJK composition for vertical type (kinsoku, ruby, tate-chu-yoko, vertical metrics, mixed-script orientation), tab leaders, spell check (open dictionary), Touch Type, Retype; vertical point/area/path type and Type Orientation have initial support | 20–28 |
+| Type core | 9 | 79% | Middle Eastern features beyond bidi layout and Paragraph Direction (Character Direction, digit types, kashidas, the Middle Eastern composers, editable bidirectional SVG text, a split caret where directions meet); composer/hyphenation options, Optical Margin Alignment, hidden characters, Transform Again after a type-area resize (it scales the type), partial selection of type-area anchors by marquee | 15–20 |
+| Type advanced | 4 | 50% | CJK composition for vertical type (ruby, mojikumi beyond Line-end Punctuation Half Width — hanging punctuation, line-start brackets, kinsoku sets and the Mojikumi Settings dialog —, proportional vertical metrics, manual tate-chu-yoko), variable font axis sliders (named instances are styles), tab leaders, spell check (open dictionary), Touch Type, Retype; vertical point/area/path type and Type Orientation have initial support | 20–28 |
 | Symbols, blends, envelopes, Repeat, perspective | 5 | 88% | symbol libraries (original), dynamic symbols, envelope Anti-Alias/Preserve Shape output and warp point editing, brush interpolation in blends (M8 fidelity pass done) | 5–8 |
 | Image Trace, graphs, image tools | 3 | 70% | graph Design/Column/Marker, Create Object Mosaic, Crop Image polish (Vector Halftone is done) | 6–10 |
-| Layers, artboards, document setup | 5 | 80% | Layers panel options depth, artboard presets/rearrange polish (Document Setup and New Document are done) | 5–8 |
+| Layers, artboards, document setup | 5 | 82% | Layers panel: a confirmation before deleting layers that hold art, Collect for Export, row context menus, the Layer Options dialog for several rows with mixed values, Paste Remembers Layers for sublayers, drag-scrolling a long panel while dragging rows; artboard presets/rearrange polish (Document Setup, New Document and the rest of the Layers panel are done) | 4–7 |
 | View & navigation | 3 | 70% | New View/Edit Views, multiple windows/arrange, Snap to Pixel/Glyph (print tiling is done) | 9–14 |
-| Guides, grids, smart guides, snapping, rulers | 3 | 75% | global/video rulers, smart-guide preference depth | 4–8 |
-| File formats | 6 | 85% | DWG (no open spec: DXF instead), PSD placement as layers, the remaining fidelity polish; EPS, DXF, EMF/WMF, TIFF, BMP, Targa, PSD export, SVGZ, PDF security, PDF/X, PDF layers and presets are done | 6–10 |
+| Guides, grids, smart guides, snapping, rulers | 3 | 75% | global/video rulers, smart-guide preference depth, ruler-drag modifiers (Shift snaps to ticks, Alt swaps orientation) and dragging existing guides | 4–8 |
+| File formats | 6 | 85% | DWG (no open spec: DXF instead), PSD placement as layers, Illustrator EPS checked against more real files (two Illustrator 30 files open as vectors so far), the remaining fidelity polish; EPS, DXF, EMF/WMF, TIFF, BMP, Targa, PSD export, SVGZ, PDF security, PDF/X, PDF layers and presets are done | 6–10 |
 | Export for Screens, Asset Export, slices, Save for Web | 3 | 85% | polish only (all four are done) | 2–4 |
 | Print, colour management, separations, flattener | 3 | 80% | print preview fidelity (flattener presets in PDF and print, overprint in PDF and composite print, Print dialog, presets, PostScript, marks, separations, Print Tiling, print overprint/flattener/bitmap options and printer profile are done) | 1–2 |
 | Automation | 3 | 60% | Variables (data merge), scripting surface, batch | 8–12 |
-| UI chrome (panels, contextual Properties, workspaces, prefs) | 6 | 78% | Variables, SVG Interactivity, Properties per context, Consolidate All Windows (Links, Asset Export, CSS Properties, Attributes are done) | 15–25 |
+| UI chrome (panels, contextual Properties, workspaces, prefs) | 6 | 78% | Variables, SVG Interactivity, Properties per context, Consolidate All Windows, context menus beyond the canvas (Links, Asset Export, CSS Properties, Attributes and the canvas context menu are done) | 15–25 |
 | Libraries, Links, Package | 2 | 50% | a local Libraries panel (no cloud by design); Links and Package are done | 5–8 |
 | **Feature parity** | **103** | **~75%** | | **~210–330** |
 | Interaction-fidelity pass (side by side with Illustrator: every tool modifier, cursor, dialog, Properties context) | | | | 60–90 |
@@ -202,7 +219,7 @@ With 4–6 agents working on disjoint crates (as the layering allows) the wall-c
 (integration, review and shared files such as `menus.rs` serialize some work): **~55–95 h** to feature parity,
 **~80–145 h** to full parity.
 
-_Inventories (2026-10-05):_ 16 menu items still stubbed (`todo(…)` in `crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs`); every tool
+_Inventories (2026-10-07):_ 13 menu items still stubbed (`todo(…)` in `crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs`); every tool
 implemented except Touch Type; 51 panel modules; Illustrator-style live
 effects ~44/54, Photoshop-style raster effects ~1/56, 3D 0/5; ~2,840 tests; ~221k lines of Rust.
 

apps/vectorcraft-cli/src/main.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 //!
 //! ```text
 //! vectorcraft-cli mcp [--connect 127.0.0.1:7979 | --headless]
-//! vectorcraft-cli run [--in FILE] [--cmd id [--params '{json}']]... [--export out.svg|.png|.pdf|.jpg|.webp|.vectorcraft]... [--scale 2]
+//! vectorcraft-cli run [--in FILE] [--cmd id [--params '{json}']]... [--export out.svg]... [--scale 2]
 //! vectorcraft-cli commands
 //! vectorcraft-cli convert IN OUT [--scale 2] [--artboard 0 | --range 1-3,5] [--outline-text]
 //! vectorcraft-cli info FILE
@@ -14,11 +14,41 @@
 use std::io::Write;
 use std::process::ExitCode;
 
+/// `println!` / `print!` that end the program quietly when stdout is closed
+/// (`vectorcraft-cli commands | head`) instead of panicking with "failed printing to stdout:
+/// Broken pipe (os error 32)".
+macro_rules! outln {
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => {{
+        use std::io::Write as _;
+        if let Err(e) = writeln!(std::io::stdout(), $($arg)*) {
+            $crate::stdout_failed(e);
+        }
+    }};
+}
+macro_rules! out {
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => {{
+        use std::io::Write as _;
+        if let Err(e) = write!(std::io::stdout(), $($arg)*) {
+            $crate::stdout_failed(e);
+        }
+    }};
+}
+
 mod perf;
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_mcp::{Backend, DEFAULT_ADDR, Headless, Remote, Server};
 
+/// stdout went away. A reader that stopped early (a closed pipe) ends the program quietly, as
+/// ripgrep does; any other write error is reported.
+fn stdout_failed(e: std::io::Error) -> ! {
+    if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::BrokenPipe {
+        std::process::exit(0);
+    }
+    eprintln!("vectorcraft-cli: can't write to stdout: {e}");
+    std::process::exit(1);
+}
+
 const USAGE: &str = "\
 vectorcraft-cli — VectorCraft automation
 
@@ -29,16 +59,17 @@ USAGE:
 
   vectorcraft-cli run [--in FILE] [--cmd ID [--params JSON]]... [--export FILE]... [--scale N]
       Headless batch: open FILE (any readable format) or start a new document, run commands in
-      order, export (.svg, .png, .pdf, .jpg, .webp, .vectorcraft by extension). Prints one JSON result per step.
+      order, export each FILE in the format its extension picks (see Writable formats). Prints one
+      JSON result per step.
 
   vectorcraft-cli commands
       Print the command catalogue as JSON.
 
   vectorcraft-cli convert IN OUT [--scale N] [--artboard I | --range R] [--outline-text]
-      Open IN (any readable format) and export OUT by extension (.svg, .pdf, .png, .jpg, .webp,
-      .vectorcraft). --artboard is 0-based, --range 1-based (\"1-3,5\"); a PDF gets every artboard
-      unless one of them is given, the other formats the first. Live effects are kept;
-      --outline-text writes SVG text as paths.
+      Open IN (any readable format) and export OUT in the format its extension picks (see Writable
+      formats). --artboard is 0-based, --range 1-based (\"1-3,5\"); a PDF gets every artboard
+      unless one of them is given, EPS the bounds of the art, the other formats the first artboard.
+      Live effects are kept; --outline-text writes SVG text as paths.
 
   vectorcraft-cli info FILE
       Print a JSON summary: title, colour mode, units, artboards, object counts by kind, fonts.
@@ -52,9 +83,10 @@ USAGE:
       synthetic N-path document (default 50000). Exits non-zero if a budget is exceeded.
 ";
 
-/// The usage text plus the formats `document.open` reads.
+/// The usage text plus the formats `document.open` reads and `document.export` writes.
 fn usage() -> String {
-    format!("{USAGE}\nReadable formats: .{}\n", vectorcraft_engine::cmd::fileio::OPEN_EXTS.join(", ."))
+    use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::fileio::{OPEN_EXTS, export_extensions};
+    format!("{USAGE}\nReadable formats: .{}\nWritable formats: .{}\n", OPEN_EXTS.join(", ."), export_extensions().join(", ."))
 }
 
 fn main() -> ExitCode {
@@ -68,11 +100,11 @@ fn main() -> ExitCode {
         Some("bench") => bench(&args[1..]),
         Some("perf") => perf::run(&args[1..]),
         Some("-h" | "--help" | "help") | None => {
-            print!("{}", usage());
+            out!("{}", usage());
             Ok(())
         }
         Some("-V" | "--version") => {
-            println!("vectorcraft-cli {}", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"));
+            outln!("vectorcraft-cli {}", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"));
             Ok(())
         }
         Some(other) => Err(format!("unknown subcommand `{other}`\n\n{}", usage())),
@@ -112,6 +144,9 @@ fn mcp(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
         }
     };
     eprintln!("vectorcraft-cli: MCP server on stdio ({})", backend.describe());
+    // The binary owns the logger, not the library: installing one here keeps an embedder that
+    // uses `vectorcraft_mcp` free to bring its own. Silent until a client sends logging/setLevel.
+    vectorcraft_mcp::logging::install();
     let stdin = std::io::stdin();
     let stdout = std::io::stdout();
     Server::new(backend).serve(stdin.lock(), stdout.lock()).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
@@ -120,7 +155,7 @@ fn mcp(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
 fn commands() -> Result<(), String> {
     let mut h = Headless::new();
     let v = h.call("engine.commands", json!({}))?;
-    println!("{}", serde_json::to_string_pretty(&v).unwrap_or_default());
+    outln!("{}", serde_json::to_string_pretty(&v).unwrap_or_default());
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -146,7 +181,7 @@ fn convert(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
             json!({"command": "document.export", "params": {"path": output, "scale": scale, "artboard": artboard, "range": range, "outlineText": outline_text}}),
         )
         .map_err(|e| format!("export {output}: {e}"))?;
-    println!("{r}");
+    outln!("{r}");
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -162,7 +197,7 @@ fn info(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
     let artboards: Vec<Value> =
         doc.artboards.iter().map(|a| json!({"name": a.name, "rect": [a.rect.x0, a.rect.y0, a.rect.width(), a.rect.height()]})).collect();
     let v = json!({"file": file, "info": base, "artboards": artboards, "kinds": kinds, "fonts": fonts});
-    println!("{}", serde_json::to_string_pretty(&v).unwrap_or_default());
+    outln!("{}", serde_json::to_string_pretty(&v).unwrap_or_default());
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -252,7 +287,7 @@ fn bench(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
         * vectorcraft_geom::Affine::scale(z)
         * vectorcraft_geom::Affine::translate(-b.center().to_vec2());
     let opts = vectorcraft_render::RenderOptions::default();
-    println!("{file}: {} nodes, {w}x{h}", doc.layers.iter().map(|l| l.count()).sum::<usize>());
+    outln!("{file}: {} nodes, {w}x{h}", doc.layers.iter().map(|l| l.count()).sum::<usize>());
     for threads in [vectorcraft_render::default_threads(), 0] {
         let mut r = vectorcraft_render::Renderer::new();
         r.threads = threads;
@@ -261,7 +296,7 @@ fn bench(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
         for _ in 0..iters {
             r.render(&doc, w, h, view, &opts);
         }
-        println!(
+        outln!(
             "  threads {threads}: {:.1} ms/frame (drawn {}, culled {})",
             t.elapsed().as_secs_f64() * 1000.0 / iters as f64,
             r.stats.drawn,

apps/vectorcraft-cli/src/perf.rs

@@ -81,14 +81,14 @@ pub fn run(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
     }
     let cores = std::thread::available_parallelism().map_or(1, |c| c.get());
     let load = load_average();
-    println!("VectorCraft performance budgets — {n} paths, {cores} cores, load average {}", load.map_or("?".into(), |l| format!("{l:.1}")));
+    outln!("VectorCraft performance budgets — {n} paths, {cores} cores, load average {}", load.map_or("?".into(), |l| format!("{l:.1}")));
     let noisy = load.is_some_and(|l| l > cores as f64 * 0.75);
     if noisy {
-        println!("WARNING: the machine is busy; wall-clock timings below are not trustworthy.");
+        outln!("WARNING: the machine is busy; wall-clock timings below are not trustworthy.");
     }
     let t = Instant::now();
     let doc = synthetic(n)?;
-    println!("  (built in {:.0} ms)", t.elapsed().as_secs_f64() * 1000.0);
+    outln!("  (built in {:.0} ms)", t.elapsed().as_secs_f64() * 1000.0);
 
     let mut rows: Vec<(&str, f64, f64)> = vec![];
     let opts = RenderOptions::default();
@@ -150,16 +150,16 @@ pub fn run(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), String> {
     }
 
     let mut over = 0;
-    println!("  {:<40} {:>10} {:>10}", "", "measured", "budget");
+    outln!("  {:<40} {:>10} {:>10}", "", "measured", "budget");
     for (name, ms, budget) in &rows {
         let ok = ms <= budget;
         over += usize::from(!ok);
-        println!("  {name:<40} {ms:>8.2} ms {budget:>7.0} ms  {}", if ok { "ok" } else { "OVER" });
+        outln!("  {name:<40} {ms:>8.2} ms {budget:>7.0} ms  {}", if ok { "ok" } else { "OVER" });
     }
     match (over, noisy) {
         (0, _) => Ok(()),
         (_, true) => {
-            println!("{over} over budget, but the machine is busy: re-run when idle.");
+            outln!("{over} over budget, but the machine is busy: re-run when idle.");
             Ok(())
         }
         _ => Err(format!("{over} budget(s) exceeded")),

apps/vectorcraft-cli/tests/cli.rs

@@ -82,3 +82,130 @@ fn mcp_headless_over_stdio() {
     assert_eq!(replies[2]["result"]["isError"], false);
     assert_eq!(replies[3]["result"]["content"][0]["type"], "image");
 }
+
+/// End-to-end protocol sweep over stdio against the compiled binary. The in-process
+/// tests drive `Server::handle_line` directly, so the binary's own wiring (argument
+/// parsing, logger install, stdout pollution, notification order) is untested: this
+/// drives the real `mcp --headless` process through prompts, completions, resource
+/// templates, logging and the error taxonomy instead.
+#[test]
+fn mcp_protocol_over_stdio() {
+    use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader};
+    let mut child =
+        Command::new(BIN).args(["mcp", "--headless"]).stdin(Stdio::piped()).stdout(Stdio::piped()).stderr(Stdio::piped()).spawn().unwrap();
+    let mut stdin = child.stdin.take().unwrap();
+    let mut lines = BufReader::new(child.stdout.take().unwrap()).lines();
+    let mut notes = vec![];
+
+    fn send(stdin: &mut std::process::ChildStdin, v: Value) {
+        writeln!(stdin, "{v}").unwrap();
+    }
+    // Next reply with this id; notifications (no id) are stashed for later.
+    fn recv(lines: &mut std::io::Lines<BufReader<std::process::ChildStdout>>, notes: &mut Vec<Value>, id: u64) -> Value {
+        loop {
+            let line = lines.next().unwrap().unwrap();
+            let v: Value = serde_json::from_str(&line).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(v["jsonrpc"], "2.0", "{v}");
+            if v.get("id").and_then(|i| i.as_u64()) == Some(id) {
+                return v;
+            }
+            notes.push(v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    send(
+        &mut stdin,
+        json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"initialize","params":{"protocolVersion":"2025-06-18","capabilities":{},"clientInfo":{"name":"test","version":"0"}}}),
+    );
+    let r = recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 1);
+    assert_eq!(r["result"]["serverInfo"]["name"], "vectorcraft");
+    assert!(r["result"]["capabilities"]["prompts"].is_object(), "{r}");
+    send(&mut stdin, json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"notifications/initialized"}));
+
+    send(&mut stdin, json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":2,"method":"prompts/list","params":{}}));
+    let r = recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 2);
+    assert!(r["result"]["prompts"].as_array().is_some_and(|p| !p.is_empty()), "{r}");
+    send(&mut stdin, json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":3,"method":"prompts/get","params":{"name":"poster","arguments":{"brief":"a jazz festival"}}}));
+    let r = recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 3);
+    assert!(r["result"]["messages"][0]["content"]["text"].as_str().is_some_and(|t| t.contains("a jazz festival")), "{r}");
+
+    send(
+        &mut stdin,
+        json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":4,"method":"completion/complete","params":{"ref":{"type":"ref/prompt","name":"export-set"},"argument":{"name":"formats","value":"sv"}}}),
+    );
+    let r = recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 4);
+    assert!(r["result"]["completion"]["values"].as_array().is_some_and(|v| v.contains(&json!("svg"))), "{r}");
+
+    send(&mut stdin, json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":5,"method":"resources/list","params":{}}));
+    assert!(recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 5)["result"]["resources"].as_array().is_some_and(|v| v.len() == 2));
+    send(&mut stdin, json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":6,"method":"resources/templates/list","params":{}}));
+    assert!(recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 6)["result"]["resourceTemplates"].as_array().is_some_and(|v| v.len() >= 4));
+
+    send(
+        &mut stdin,
+        json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":7,"method":"tools/call","params":{"name":"draw_shape","arguments":{"shape":"rectangle","x":10,"y":10,"width":60,"height":40}}}),
+    );
+    let r = recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 7);
+    assert_eq!(r["result"]["isError"], false, "{r}");
+    let id: i64 = serde_json::from_str::<Value>(r["result"]["content"][0]["text"].as_str().unwrap()).unwrap()["id"].as_i64().unwrap();
+
+    send(&mut stdin, json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":8,"method":"resources/read","params":{"uri": format!("vectorcraft://object/{id}")}}));
+    let r = recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 8);
+    let body: Value = serde_json::from_str(r["result"]["contents"][0]["text"].as_str().unwrap()).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(body["id"].as_i64(), Some(id), "{body}");
+
+    // Unknown resources (-32002) and bad template values (-32602) stay apart.
+    send(&mut stdin, json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":9,"method":"resources/read","params":{"uri":"vectorcraft://nope" }}));
+    assert_eq!(recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 9)["error"]["code"], -32002);
+    send(&mut stdin, json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":10,"method":"resources/read","params":{"uri":"vectorcraft://object/"}}));
+    assert_eq!(recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 10)["error"]["code"], -32602);
+
+    // The binary installed its logger: records arrive as notifications/message, and only
+    // after the client asked for them.
+    send(&mut stdin, json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":11,"method":"logging/setLevel","params":{"level":"debug"}}));
+    assert!(recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 11).get("error").is_none());
+    send(&mut stdin, json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":12,"method":"tools/list","params":{}}));
+    assert!(recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 12)["result"]["tools"].as_array().is_some_and(|v| !v.is_empty()));
+
+    // Malformed input is a parse error, and the server keeps serving afterwards.
+    stdin.write_all(b"{not json\n").unwrap();
+    let parse_err: Value = loop {
+        let line = lines.next().unwrap().unwrap();
+        let v: Value = serde_json::from_str(&line).unwrap();
+        if v.get("error").is_some() {
+            break v;
+        }
+        notes.push(v);
+    };
+    assert_eq!(parse_err["error"]["code"], -32700);
+    assert!(parse_err["id"].is_null(), "{parse_err}");
+    send(&mut stdin, json!({"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":13,"method":"ping","params":{}}));
+    assert!(recv(&mut lines, &mut notes, 13).get("error").is_none());
+    drop(stdin);
+    // Drain whatever the debug window queued; every line off the protocol stream parses.
+    for line in lines.by_ref() {
+        let line = line.unwrap();
+        let v: Value = serde_json::from_str(&line).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(v["jsonrpc"], "2.0", "{v}");
+        notes.push(v);
+    }
+    let out = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
+    assert!(out.status.success());
+    assert!(!String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stderr).contains("panicked"));
+    let messages = notes.iter().filter(|n| n["method"] == "notifications/message").count();
+    assert!(messages > 0, "no log records after logging/setLevel: {notes:?}");
+}
+
+/// `vectorcraft-cli commands | head -1` panicked with "failed printing to
+/// stdout: Broken pipe (os error 32)" and exit status 101.
+#[test]
+fn closed_stdout_ends_quietly() {
+    use std::io::Read;
+    let mut child = Command::new(BIN).arg("commands").stdout(Stdio::piped()).stderr(Stdio::piped()).spawn().unwrap();
+    let mut first = [0u8; 16];
+    child.stdout.as_mut().unwrap().read_exact(&mut first).unwrap();
+    drop(child.stdout.take());
+    let out = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
+    let err = String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stderr);
+    assert!(out.status.success() && !err.contains("panicked"), "{:?}: {err}", out.status);
+}

apps/vectorcraft-web/Cargo.toml

@@ -27,4 +27,4 @@ rfd = { workspace = true }
 wasm-bindgen = "0.2"
 wasm-bindgen-futures = "0.4"
 js-sys = "0.3"
-web-sys = { version = "0.3", features = ["Window", "Document", "Element", "HtmlElement", "HtmlCanvasElement", "HtmlIFrameElement", "HtmlAnchorElement", "Blob", "BlobPropertyBag", "Url", "Location", "CssStyleDeclaration", "Event", "EventTarget", "MouseEvent", "DragEvent", "Storage"] }
+web-sys = { version = "0.3", features = ["Window", "Document", "Element", "HtmlElement", "HtmlCanvasElement", "HtmlIFrameElement", "HtmlAnchorElement", "Blob", "BlobPropertyBag", "Url", "Location", "CssStyleDeclaration", "Event", "EventTarget", "MouseEvent", "DragEvent", "Storage", "Navigator"] }

apps/vectorcraft-web/src/locks.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+//! The browser's Web Locks (`navigator.locks`), which tell Data Recovery whether another tab still
+//! runs ([`vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery::RecoveryStore::announce`]). A tab holds a lock named
+//! after its recovery area for as long as it lives; the browser releases it only when the tab is
+//! gone (closed, crashed or reloaded), not while its timers are paused in the background, which a
+//! heartbeat can't tell apart.
+//!
+//! web-sys has Web Locks only as an unstable API, so they are reached through `js_sys::Reflect`.
+//! Pages that aren't secure (plain `http://` other than localhost) and older browsers have none:
+//! heartbeats alone decide there.
+
+use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+
+use js_sys::{Function, Promise, Reflect};
+use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery::Hold;
+use wasm_bindgen::JsCast as _;
+use wasm_bindgen::JsValue;
+use wasm_bindgen::closure::Closure;
+
+/// How often the snapshot of the locks held is refreshed (ms).
+const REFRESH_MS: i32 = 10_000;
+/// How old a snapshot may be and still be trusted (ms). A lock asked for after the snapshot was
+/// taken comes with a heartbeat, which stays fresh for at least three minutes, so anything under
+/// that is safe; an older snapshot counts every area as held.
+const FRESH_MS: f64 = 60_000.0;
+
+thread_local! {
+    /// What releases each lock this tab holds, by name: it resolves the promise the lock is held
+    /// by (wasm runs on one thread).
+    static RELEASE: RefCell<BTreeMap<String, Function>> = const { RefCell::new(BTreeMap::new()) };
+}
+
+/// The locks of the page, named `<prefix><area>`.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct WebLocks {
+    prefix: &'static str,
+    /// The areas whose locks were held at the last snapshot, and when it was asked for (ms since
+    /// the epoch). `navigator.locks.query()` is asynchronous, so the snapshot is refreshed every
+    /// [`REFRESH_MS`] and read from here.
+    seen: Arc<Mutex<(f64, BTreeSet<String>)>>,
+}
+
+/// `navigator.locks`, if the browser has it here.
+fn manager() -> Option<JsValue> {
+    let locks = Reflect::get(&web_sys::window()?.navigator(), &"locks".into()).ok()?;
+    locks.is_object().then_some(locks)
+}
+
+/// Method `name` of `obj`.
+fn method(obj: &JsValue, name: &str) -> Option<Function> {
+    Reflect::get(obj, &name.into()).ok()?.dyn_into().ok()
+}
+
+impl WebLocks {
+    /// The page's Web Locks with a first snapshot of them, kept fresh from then on; `None` when
+    /// the browser has none or won't say which are held (heartbeats alone decide then).
+    pub async fn start(prefix: &'static str) -> Option<Self> {
+        let locks = Self { prefix, seen: Arc::new(Mutex::new((f64::NEG_INFINITY, BTreeSet::new()))) };
+        locks.refresh().await?;
+        let again = locks.clone();
+        let tick = Closure::<dyn FnMut()>::new(move || {
+            let locks = again.clone();
+            wasm_bindgen_futures::spawn_local(async move {
+                // A failed refresh leaves the snapshot to age, and every area counts as held.
+                let _ = locks.refresh().await;
+            });
+        });
+        web_sys::window()?.set_interval_with_callback_and_timeout_and_arguments_0(tick.as_ref().unchecked_ref(), REFRESH_MS).ok()?;
+        // The timer lives as long as the page.
+        tick.forget();
+        Some(locks)
+    }
+
+    /// Take a new snapshot of the locks held.
+    async fn refresh(&self) -> Option<()> {
+        let m = manager()?;
+        let asked = js_sys::Date::now();
+        let query: Promise = method(&m, "query")?.call0(&m).ok()?.dyn_into().ok()?;
+        let snapshot = wasm_bindgen_futures::JsFuture::from(query).await.ok()?;
+        let held = js_sys::Array::from(&Reflect::get(&snapshot, &"held".into()).ok()?);
+        let areas = held
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|l| Reflect::get(&l, &"name".into()).ok()?.as_string())
+            .filter_map(|n| n.strip_prefix(self.prefix).map(str::to_string))
+            .collect();
+        *self.seen.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()) = (asked, areas);
+        Some(())
+    }
+
+    /// Does a tab hold `area`'s lock? Yes when the last snapshot is too old to tell.
+    pub fn held(&self, area: &str) -> bool {
+        let seen = self.seen.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner());
+        js_sys::Date::now() - seen.0 > FRESH_MS || seen.1.contains(area)
+    }
+
+    /// Hold `area`'s lock until the returned hold is dropped (or the page goes).
+    pub fn hold(&self, area: &str) -> Option<Hold> {
+        let m = manager()?;
+        let name = format!("{}{area}", self.prefix);
+        // The lock is held until this promise resolves: when the hold is dropped.
+        let mut release = None;
+        let until = Promise::new(&mut |resolve, _| release = Some(resolve));
+        let release = release?;
+        let granted = Closure::once_into_js(move |_lock: JsValue| until);
+        method(&m, "request")?.call2(&m, &name.clone().into(), &granted).ok()?;
+        RELEASE.with(|r| r.borrow_mut().insert(name.clone(), release));
+        Some(Box::new(LockHold(name)))
+    }
+}
+
+/// A lock this tab holds (by name), released when dropped.
+struct LockHold(String);
+
+impl Drop for LockHold {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if let Some(resolve) = RELEASE.with(|r| r.borrow_mut().remove(&self.0)) {
+            // Resolving can't fail in a way worth reporting: the lock goes with the page anyway.
+            let _ = resolve.call0(&JsValue::NULL);
+        }
+    }
+}

apps/vectorcraft-web/src/main.rs

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 //!
 //! URL query flag: `?webgl` forces the WebGL2 backend instead of WebGPU.
 
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+mod locks;
 #[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
 mod web;
 

apps/vectorcraft-web/src/web.rs

@@ -6,12 +6,14 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
 use vectorcraft_engine::Session;
 use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::fileio;
-use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery::RecoveryStore;
+use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery::{Hold, RecoveryStore};
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::place::{DropTarget, PlaceArrival, PlaceInbox};
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::print::{PrintJob, PrintService, Printer};
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::{Services, VectorcraftApp};
 use wasm_bindgen::JsCast as _;
 
+use crate::locks::WebLocks;
+
 type Inbox = Arc<Mutex<Vec<(String, Vec<u8>)>>>;
 
 /// Where the pointer was over the canvas during the last file drag (CSS px from its top-left) and
@@ -33,6 +35,8 @@ pub fn start() {
             return;
         };
         let drag = track_drag(&canvas);
+        // Before the first frame, which looks for copies a crash left behind.
+        let locks = WebLocks::start(RECOVERY_PREFIX).await;
         let mut options = eframe::WebOptions::default();
         if query().contains("webgl")
             && let eframe::egui_wgpu::WgpuSetup::CreateNew(create) = &mut options.wgpu_options.wgpu_setup
@@ -49,7 +53,7 @@ pub fn start() {
                     }
                     let inbox: Inbox = Arc::default();
                     let place_inbox: PlaceInbox = Arc::default();
-                    let app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), services(inbox.clone(), place_inbox.clone(), cc.egui_ctx.clone()));
+                    let app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), services(inbox.clone(), place_inbox.clone(), cc.egui_ctx.clone(), locks));
                     Ok(Box::new(WebShell { app, inbox, place_inbox, drag }))
                 }),
             )
@@ -108,8 +112,8 @@ impl eframe::App for WebShell {
                     match f.bytes_async().await {
                         Ok(bytes) => {
                             match target {
-                                DropTarget::Place { at, embed } => {
-                                    place_inbox.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).push(PlaceArrival { name, bytes, drop: Some((at, embed)) })
+                                DropTarget::Place(d) => {
+                                    place_inbox.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).push(PlaceArrival { name, bytes, drop: Some(d) })
                                 }
                                 DropTarget::Open => inbox.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).push((name, bytes)),
                             }
@@ -132,7 +136,7 @@ impl eframe::App for WebShell {
     }
 }
 
-fn services(inbox: Inbox, place_inbox: PlaceInbox, ctx: egui::Context) -> Services {
+fn services(inbox: Inbox, place_inbox: PlaceInbox, ctx: egui::Context, locks: Option<WebLocks>) -> Services {
     let open_inbox = inbox.clone();
     let picked = place_inbox.clone();
     let place_ctx = ctx.clone();
@@ -174,7 +178,7 @@ fn services(inbox: Inbox, place_inbox: PlaceInbox, ctx: egui::Context) -> Servic
             }
         })),
         inbox: Some(inbox),
-        recovery_store: Some(Arc::new(BrowserStore)),
+        recovery_store: Some(Arc::new(BrowserStore { locks })),
         // File → Print: the browser's print dialog.
         print: Some(Box::new(BrowserPrint)),
         ..Default::default()
@@ -183,8 +187,12 @@ fn services(inbox: Inbox, place_inbox: PlaceInbox, ctx: egui::Context) -> Servic
 
 /// Data Recovery's store on the web: the browser's local storage (kept across visits and shared by
 /// the site's tabs), each entry as base64 under [`RECOVERY_PREFIX`]`<area>/<name>`. It has no
-/// locks: each tab holds its area with a heartbeat, judged by the browser's clock.
-struct BrowserStore;
+/// locks: each tab holds its area with a heartbeat, judged by the browser's clock, and with a Web
+/// Lock named after it where the browser has them (`locks`), which a tab whose timers are paused
+/// in the background keeps.
+struct BrowserStore {
+    locks: Option<WebLocks>,
+}
 
 const RECOVERY_PREFIX: &str = "vectorcraft-recovery/";
 
@@ -220,6 +228,12 @@ impl RecoveryStore for BrowserStore {
     fn now(&self) -> Option<i64> {
         Some((js_sys::Date::now() / 1000.0) as i64)
     }
+    fn announce(&self, area: &str) -> Option<Hold> {
+        self.locks.as_ref()?.hold(area)
+    }
+    fn announced(&self, area: &str) -> Option<bool> {
+        self.locks.as_ref().map(|l| l.held(area))
+    }
 }
 
 /// Trigger a browser download of `bytes` named after the last component of `path`.

apps/vectorcraft/Cargo.toml

@@ -9,10 +9,17 @@ default-run = "vectorcraft"
 [lints]
 workspace = true
 
+[features]
+default = ["wgpu", "accessibility"]
+wgpu = ["eframe/wgpu"]
+accessibility = ["eframe/accesskit"]
+# Build with --no-default-features --features windows7 and the win7 Rust target.
+windows7 = ["eframe/glow"]
+
 [dependencies]
 vectorcraft-engine = { workspace = true }
 vectorcraft-ui-egui = { workspace = true }
-eframe = { workspace = true, features = ["default_fonts", "wgpu", "accesskit", "wayland", "x11"] }
+eframe = { workspace = true, features = ["default_fonts", "wayland", "x11"] }
 egui = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 log = { workspace = true }
@@ -30,6 +37,11 @@ clipboard-win = { workspace = true }
 
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "macos")'.dependencies]
 muda = { version = "0.21", default-features = false }
+objc2 = "0.6"
+objc2-app-kit = { version = "0.3", default-features = false, features = ["std", "NSApplication", "NSResponder", "NSTextInputContext"] }
+# Files opened from Finder and the Dock (src/open_documents.rs); both already come with winit, muda and rfd.
+objc2-foundation = { version = "0.3", default-features = false, features = ["std", "block2", "NSArray", "NSNotification", "NSOperation", "NSString", "NSURL"] }
+block2 = "0.6"
 
 [build-dependencies]
 # Icon + VERSIONINFO for vectorcraft.exe; build.rs only uses it when targeting Windows.

apps/vectorcraft/src/control_server.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,28 @@
 //! Loopback JSON-lines control server: one request per line, one reply per line.
 //! This is the transport the MCP server (`vectorcraft mcp --connect`) wraps.
+//!
+//! The server only ever reads requests: a line that is not a JSON object with a string `method`
+//! (an HTTP request line from a browser's cross-origin `fetch`, a stray `nc`, binary junk) gets
+//! one error reply and the connection is closed, so nothing after it is executed. Lines are
+//! bounded ([`MAX_LINE`]) and so is the number of open connections ([`MAX_CONNECTIONS`]); junk
+//! never reaches the UI thread. See `docs/control-protocol.md`.
 
-use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader, Write};
+use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader, Read, Write};
 use std::net::{TcpListener, TcpStream};
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
 use std::sync::mpsc::{Receiver, Sender, channel};
 use std::time::Duration;
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::ControlRequest;
 
+/// Longest accepted request line (bytes, without the newline). Requests are small JSON objects;
+/// anything longer is refused and the connection closed.
+pub const MAX_LINE: usize = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
+/// Connections served at once; further ones get an error line and are closed.
+pub const MAX_CONNECTIONS: usize = 16;
+
 pub fn start(port: u16, ctx: egui::Context) -> Receiver<ControlRequest> {
     let (tx, rx) = channel::<ControlRequest>();
     let listener = match TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", port)) {
@@ -19,44 +33,249 @@ pub fn start(port: u16, ctx: egui::Context) -> Receiver<ControlRequest> {
         }
     };
     eprintln!("vectorcraft: control server listening on 127.0.0.1:{port}");
-    std::thread::spawn(move || {
-        for stream in listener.incoming().flatten() {
-            let tx = tx.clone();
-            let ctx = ctx.clone();
-            std::thread::spawn(move || serve(stream, tx, ctx));
-        }
-    });
+    std::thread::spawn(move || accept_loop(listener, tx, ctx));
     rx
 }
 
-fn serve(stream: TcpStream, tx: Sender<ControlRequest>, ctx: egui::Context) {
-    let Ok(read) = stream.try_clone() else { return };
-    let mut out = stream;
-    for line in BufReader::new(read).lines() {
-        let Ok(line) = line else { break };
-        if line.trim().is_empty() {
+fn accept_loop(listener: TcpListener, tx: Sender<ControlRequest>, ctx: egui::Context) {
+    let open = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
+    for mut stream in listener.incoming().flatten() {
+        if open.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst) >= MAX_CONNECTIONS {
+            open.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
+            // Best effort: the connection is dropped either way, and a peer that can't read the reason loses nothing.
+            let _ = writeln!(stream, "{}", json!({"ok": false, "error": "too many control connections"}));
             continue;
         }
-        let reply = match serde_json::from_str::<Value>(&line) {
-            Ok(msg) => {
-                let id = msg.get("id").cloned().unwrap_or(Value::Null);
-                let method = msg.get("method").and_then(Value::as_str).unwrap_or("").to_string();
-                let params = msg.get("params").cloned().unwrap_or(json!({}));
-                let (req, rrx) = ControlRequest::new(method, params);
-                if tx.send(req).is_err() {
-                    break;
-                }
-                ctx.request_repaint();
-                let mut r = rrx.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(60)).unwrap_or_else(|_| json!({"ok": false, "error": "timeout"}));
-                if let Some(o) = r.as_object_mut() {
-                    o.insert("id".into(), id);
+        let tx = tx.clone();
+        let ctx = ctx.clone();
+        let open = Arc::clone(&open);
+        std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            serve(stream, &tx, &ctx);
+            open.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+fn serve(stream: TcpStream, tx: &Sender<ControlRequest>, ctx: &egui::Context) {
+    let Ok(read) = stream.try_clone() else { return };
+    serve_lines(read, stream, |method, params| {
+        let (req, rrx) = ControlRequest::new(method, params);
+        tx.send(req).ok()?;
+        ctx.request_repaint();
+        Some(rrx.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(60)).unwrap_or_else(|_| json!({"ok": false, "error": "timeout"})))
+    });
+}
+
+/// One parsed line.
+enum Line {
+    Request {
+        id: Value,
+        method: String,
+        params: Value,
+    },
+    Blank,
+    /// Not a request: reply with this error and close the connection.
+    Reject(String),
+}
+
+fn parse_line(bytes: &[u8]) -> Line {
+    let Ok(text) = std::str::from_utf8(bytes) else {
+        return Line::Reject("not a control request (invalid UTF-8); closing the connection".into());
+    };
+    let text = text.trim();
+    if text.is_empty() {
+        return Line::Blank;
+    }
+    let msg = match serde_json::from_str::<Value>(text) {
+        Ok(v) => v,
+        Err(e) => return Line::Reject(format!("bad JSON ({e}); expected one JSON request object per line; closing the connection")),
+    };
+    let Some(obj) = msg.as_object() else {
+        return Line::Reject("not a control request (expected a JSON object); closing the connection".into());
+    };
+    let Some(method) = obj.get("method").and_then(Value::as_str) else {
+        return Line::Reject("not a control request (missing string `method`); closing the connection".into());
+    };
+    Line::Request {
+        id: obj.get("id").cloned().unwrap_or(Value::Null),
+        method: method.to_string(),
+        params: obj.get("params").cloned().unwrap_or(json!({})),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Read one `\n`-terminated line of at most `max` bytes into `buf` (newline stripped).
+/// `Ok(false)` at end of stream; `Err` when the line is too long or the read fails.
+fn read_bounded_line(reader: &mut impl BufRead, buf: &mut Vec<u8>, max: usize) -> Result<bool, String> {
+    buf.clear();
+    // `take` bounds the bytes buffered for one line: a peer can't make us allocate more than `max`.
+    let limit = u64::try_from(max).unwrap_or(u64::MAX).saturating_add(1);
+    let n = reader.take(limit).read_until(b'\n', buf).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+    if n == 0 {
+        return Ok(false);
+    }
+    if buf.last() == Some(&b'\n') {
+        buf.pop();
+        if buf.last() == Some(&b'\r') {
+            buf.pop();
+        }
+        return Ok(true);
+    }
+    if buf.len() > max {
+        return Err(format!("request line longer than {max} bytes; closing the connection"));
+    }
+    // Last line without a newline, then end of stream.
+    Ok(true)
+}
+
+/// Serve requests from `read`, answering on `out`, until the peer closes, sends something that is
+/// not a request, or `handle` returns `None` (app gone). `handle` gets `(method, params)` and
+/// returns the reply object (the request's `id` is added here).
+fn serve_lines<R: Read, W: Write>(read: R, mut out: W, mut handle: impl FnMut(String, Value) -> Option<Value>) {
+    let mut reader = BufReader::new(read);
+    let mut buf = Vec::new();
+    loop {
+        let reject = match read_bounded_line(&mut reader, &mut buf, MAX_LINE) {
+            Ok(false) => return,
+            Err(e) => e,
+            Ok(true) => match parse_line(&buf) {
+                Line::Blank => continue,
+                Line::Reject(e) => e,
+                Line::Request { id, method, params } => {
+                    let Some(mut r) = handle(method, params) else { return };
+                    if let Some(o) = r.as_object_mut() {
+                        o.insert("id".into(), id);
+                    }
+                    if writeln!(out, "{r}").and_then(|()| out.flush()).is_err() {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    continue;
                 }
-                r
-            }
-            Err(e) => json!({"ok": false, "error": format!("bad JSON: {e}")}),
+            },
         };
-        if writeln!(out, "{reply}").is_err() {
-            break;
+        // Best effort: the connection closes either way, and a peer that can't read the reason loses nothing.
+        let _ = writeln!(out, "{}", json!({"ok": false, "error": reject})).and_then(|()| out.flush());
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn run(input: &[u8]) -> (Vec<Value>, Vec<String>) {
+        let mut out = Vec::new();
+        let mut calls = Vec::new();
+        serve_lines(input, &mut out, |m, _p| {
+            calls.push(m);
+            Some(json!({"ok": true, "result": null}))
+        });
+        let replies = String::from_utf8(out).unwrap().lines().map(|l| serde_json::from_str::<Value>(l).unwrap()).collect();
+        (replies, calls)
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn requests_are_answered_in_order_with_ids() {
+        let (r, calls) = run(b"{\"id\":1,\"method\":\"a\"}\n\n{\"id\":2,\"method\":\"b\",\"params\":{}}\r\n{\"method\":\"c\"}");
+        assert_eq!(calls, ["a", "b", "c"]);
+        assert_eq!(r.len(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(r[0]["id"], 1);
+        assert_eq!(r[1]["id"], 2);
+        assert_eq!(r[2]["id"], Value::Null);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn http_request_closes_before_the_body_runs() {
+        // A browser's cross-origin `fetch` POST: the request line is rejected and the
+        // connection closed, so the JSON body is never executed.
+        let http = b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: 127.0.0.1:7979\r\nOrigin: https://attacker.example\r\nContent-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n\
+            {\"id\":7,\"method\":\"engine.execute\",\"params\":{\"command\":\"file.new\",\"params\":{}}}\n";
+        let (r, calls) = run(http);
+        assert!(calls.is_empty(), "nothing may run: {calls:?}");
+        assert_eq!(r.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(r[0]["ok"], false);
+        assert!(r[0]["error"].as_str().unwrap().contains("closing the connection"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn non_request_json_closes_the_connection() {
+        for junk in [
+            &b"[1,2]\n{\"method\":\"a\"}\n"[..],
+            b"{\"id\":1}\n{\"method\":\"a\"}\n",
+            b"{\"method\":5}\n{\"method\":\"a\"}\n",
+            b"\xff\xfe\n{\"method\":\"a\"}\n",
+        ] {
+            let (r, calls) = run(junk);
+            assert!(calls.is_empty(), "{calls:?}");
+            assert_eq!(r.len(), 1);
+            assert_eq!(r[0]["ok"], false);
         }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_request_before_junk_still_runs() {
+        let (r, calls) = run(b"{\"method\":\"a\"}\nGET / HTTP/1.1\n{\"method\":\"b\"}\n");
+        assert_eq!(calls, ["a"]);
+        assert_eq!(r.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(r[1]["ok"], false);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn overlong_line_is_refused() {
+        // One byte over the limit, then a valid request: neither runs.
+        let mut input = vec![b'x'; MAX_LINE + 1];
+        input.extend_from_slice(b"\n{\"method\":\"a\"}\n");
+        let (r, calls) = run(&input);
+        assert!(calls.is_empty(), "{calls:?}");
+        assert_eq!(r.len(), 1);
+        assert!(r[0]["error"].as_str().unwrap().contains("longer than"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn line_at_the_limit_is_accepted() {
+        let mut buf = Vec::new();
+        let line = vec![b'a'; 10];
+        let mut input = line.clone();
+        input.push(b'\n');
+        assert_eq!(read_bounded_line(&mut &input[..], &mut buf, 10), Ok(true));
+        assert_eq!(buf, line);
+        assert!(read_bounded_line(&mut &[b'a'; 11][..], &mut buf, 10).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn tcp_connection_is_closed_after_junk() {
+        // End to end over a real loopback socket (the transport the app uses).
+        let listener = TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", 0)).unwrap();
+        let addr = listener.local_addr().unwrap();
+        let server = std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            let (s, _) = listener.accept().unwrap();
+            let read = s.try_clone().unwrap();
+            serve_lines(read, s, |_, _| Some(json!({"ok": true})));
+        });
+        let mut c = TcpStream::connect(addr).unwrap();
+        c.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::from_secs(5))).unwrap();
+        c.write_all(b"{\"id\":7,\"method\":\"x\"}\nhello\n{\"method\":\"y\"}\n").unwrap();
+        let mut text = String::new();
+        c.read_to_string(&mut text).unwrap(); // returns at EOF: the server closed the connection
+        server.join().unwrap();
+        let lines: Vec<&str> = text.lines().collect();
+        assert_eq!(lines.len(), 2, "{text}");
+        assert!(lines[0].contains("\"id\":7"));
+        assert!(lines[1].contains("closing the connection"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn extra_connections_are_refused() {
+        let listener = TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", 0)).unwrap();
+        let addr = listener.local_addr().unwrap();
+        let (tx, _rx) = channel::<ControlRequest>();
+        std::thread::spawn(move || accept_loop(listener, tx, egui::Context::default()));
+        // Idle connections are accepted in order and held open.
+        let held: Vec<TcpStream> = (0..16).map(|_| TcpStream::connect(addr).unwrap()).collect();
+        let mut extra = TcpStream::connect(addr).unwrap();
+        extra.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::from_secs(5))).unwrap();
+        let mut line = String::new();
+        BufReader::new(&mut extra).read_line(&mut line).unwrap();
+        assert!(line.contains("too many control connections"), "{line}");
+        drop(held);
     }
 }

apps/vectorcraft/src/main.rs

@@ -7,10 +7,19 @@
 //! See `vectorcraft_ui_egui::control` for the methods.
 #![cfg_attr(all(target_os = "windows", not(debug_assertions)), windows_subsystem = "windows")]
 
+#[cfg(all(feature = "windows7", any(feature = "wgpu", feature = "accessibility")))]
+compile_error!("windows7 requires --no-default-features (wgpu and accessibility must be disabled)");
+#[cfg(all(windows, feature = "windows7", not(target_vendor = "win7")))]
+compile_error!("windows7 requires --target x86_64-win7-windows-msvc; the ordinary Windows target still imports newer APIs");
+#[cfg(all(target_vendor = "win7", not(feature = "windows7")))]
+compile_error!("the win7 target requires --no-default-features --features windows7");
+
 mod clipboard;
 mod control_server;
 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 mod native_menu;
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+mod open_documents;
 mod printing;
 mod window;
 
@@ -30,6 +39,7 @@ impl eframe::App for App {
             if let Some(m) = &mut self.1 {
                 m.poll(&mut self.0);
             }
+            open_files(&mut self.0, open_documents::take());
         }
         self.0.logic(ctx);
         window::track(ctx, &mut self.0.ui.window);
@@ -42,10 +52,41 @@ impl eframe::App for App {
     }
     fn ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui, _frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
         self.0.ui(ui);
+        #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+        if self.0.take_ime_discard() {
+            discard_marked_text();
+        }
     }
+    #[cfg(not(feature = "windows7"))]
     fn on_exit(&mut self) {
         save_prefs(&self.0);
     }
+    #[cfg(feature = "windows7")]
+    fn on_exit(&mut self, _gl: Option<&eframe::glow::Context>) {
+        save_prefs(&self.0);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Open files handed to the app (command line, macOS Finder and Dock) as documents. A file that
+/// can't be opened is reported in the status bar and on stderr; the others still open.
+fn open_files(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, files: Vec<String>) {
+    for f in files {
+        if let Err(e) = vectorcraft_ui_egui::io::open_path(app, &f) {
+            eprintln!("vectorcraft: {f}: {e}");
+            app.status(format!("Couldn't open {}: {e}", fileio::file_name(&f)));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Tell the macOS input method to drop its composition (the Type tool kept the marked text as
+/// typed). winit's IME toggle only clears its own copy, so the IME would type it again.
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+fn discard_marked_text() {
+    if let Some(mtm) = objc2::MainThreadMarker::new()
+        && let Some(ic) = objc2_app_kit::NSTextInputContext::currentInputContext(mtm)
+    {
+        ic.discardMarkedText();
+    }
 }
 
 /// Where UI preferences live: ~/Library/Application Support/VectorCraft (macOS),
@@ -226,11 +267,35 @@ fn app_icon() -> egui::IconData {
     eframe::icon_data::from_png_bytes(png).unwrap_or_default()
 }
 
+/// The power preference wgpu picks the window's graphics adapter with (#306): the
+/// `WGPU_POWER_PREF` environment variable (`low`, `high`, `none`) when set, otherwise Preferences ›
+/// Performance › Graphics Processor (`gpuPreference`). Power saving unless the preference asks for
+/// high performance: the canvas is rasterized on the CPU and the GPU only composites it, which the
+/// integrated GPU of a hybrid-graphics laptop does easily, while presenting frames rendered on the
+/// discrete GPU through the integrated one made the window flicker on some laptops. With a single
+/// GPU both preferences pick it.
+#[cfg(feature = "wgpu")]
+fn power_preference(pref: Option<&str>, env: Option<eframe::wgpu::PowerPreference>) -> eframe::wgpu::PowerPreference {
+    use eframe::wgpu::PowerPreference;
+    match (env, pref) {
+        (Some(p), _) => p,
+        (None, Some("highPerformance")) => PowerPreference::HighPerformance,
+        (None, _) => PowerPreference::LowPower,
+    }
+}
+
+/// "name (backend, kind)" of the adapter the window renders with, for Help › About and bug reports.
+#[cfg(feature = "wgpu")]
+fn adapter_summary(info: &eframe::wgpu::AdapterInfo) -> String {
+    format!("{} ({:?}, {:?})", info.name.trim(), info.backend, info.device_type)
+}
+
 /// Windows and Linux: no OS title bar; the app bar is the title bar (`vectorcraft_ui_egui::titlebar`).
 /// macOS keeps its traffic lights over the integrated title strip.
 const CUSTOM_TITLEBAR: bool = !cfg!(target_os = "macos");
 
 fn main() -> eframe::Result {
+    vectorcraft_ui_egui::i18n::detect_system_lang_in_background();
     let mut control_port: Option<u16> = std::env::var("VECTORCRAFT_CONTROL_PORT").ok().and_then(|p| p.parse().ok());
     let mut files = Vec::new();
     let mut args = std::env::args().skip(1);
@@ -246,6 +311,10 @@ fn main() -> eframe::Result {
     }
     let saved = read_prefs();
     let saved_window = saved.as_ref().and_then(|ui| ui.window);
+    #[cfg(feature = "wgpu")]
+    let gpu_pref = saved.as_ref().and_then(|ui| ui.engine_prefs.get("gpuPreference")).and_then(serde_json::Value::as_str);
+    #[cfg(feature = "wgpu")]
+    let power = power_preference(gpu_pref, eframe::wgpu::PowerPreference::from_env());
     let options = eframe::NativeOptions {
         viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default()
             .with_title("VectorCraft")
@@ -258,8 +327,21 @@ fn main() -> eframe::Result {
             .with_title_shown(false)
             .with_icon(app_icon())
             .with_app_id("ai.storyteller.vectorcraft"),
+        #[cfg(feature = "windows7")]
+        renderer: eframe::Renderer::Glow,
         ..Default::default()
     };
+    #[cfg(feature = "wgpu")]
+    let options = {
+        let mut options = options;
+        if let eframe::egui_wgpu::WgpuSetup::CreateNew(create) = &mut options.wgpu_options.wgpu_setup {
+            create.power_preference = power;
+        }
+        options
+    };
+    // Files opened from Finder and the Dock arrive as events, not arguments.
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    open_documents::install();
     eframe::run_native(
         "VectorCraft",
         options,
@@ -281,17 +363,25 @@ fn main() -> eframe::Result {
                 let recovery = prefs_path().and_then(|p| Some(p.parent()?.join("Data Recovery").to_string_lossy().to_string()));
                 app.session.recovery.set_default_folder(recovery);
             }
+            #[cfg(feature = "wgpu")]
+            if let Some(rs) = &cc.wgpu_render_state {
+                let summary = adapter_summary(&rs.adapter.get_info());
+                log::info!("vectorcraft: rendering with {summary} (power preference {power:?})");
+                app.graphics_adapter = Some(summary);
+            }
+            #[cfg(feature = "windows7")]
+            {
+                app.graphics_adapter = Some("OpenGL (Windows 7 compatibility)".into());
+            }
             app.integrated_titlebar = cfg!(target_os = "macos");
             app.custom_titlebar = CUSTOM_TITLEBAR;
             if let Some(port) = control_port {
                 let rx = control_server::start(port, cc.egui_ctx.clone());
                 app = app.with_control(rx);
             }
-            for f in files {
-                if let Err(e) = vectorcraft_ui_egui::io::open_path(&mut app, &f) {
-                    eprintln!("vectorcraft: {f}: {e}");
-                }
-            }
+            #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+            open_documents::set_ui(&cc.egui_ctx);
+            open_files(&mut app, files);
             Ok(Box::new(App(
                 app,
                 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
@@ -300,3 +390,64 @@ fn main() -> eframe::Result {
         }),
     )
 }
+
+#[cfg(all(test, feature = "wgpu"))]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use eframe::wgpu::PowerPreference;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn power_saving_unless_the_preference_or_the_environment_says_otherwise() {
+        assert_eq!(power_preference(None, None), PowerPreference::LowPower);
+        assert_eq!(power_preference(Some("powerSaving"), None), PowerPreference::LowPower);
+        assert_eq!(power_preference(Some("highPerformance"), None), PowerPreference::HighPerformance);
+        // A value this version doesn't know (a newer or damaged preference file) is the default.
+        assert_eq!(power_preference(Some("turbo"), None), PowerPreference::LowPower);
+        assert_eq!(power_preference(Some(""), None), PowerPreference::LowPower);
+        // WGPU_POWER_PREF wins over the preference, either way.
+        assert_eq!(power_preference(Some("powerSaving"), Some(PowerPreference::HighPerformance)), PowerPreference::HighPerformance);
+        assert_eq!(power_preference(Some("highPerformance"), Some(PowerPreference::LowPower)), PowerPreference::LowPower);
+        assert_eq!(power_preference(None, Some(PowerPreference::None)), PowerPreference::None);
+    }
+
+    /// The file extensions the macOS bundle declares: its document types and its own exported type.
+    fn plist_extensions(plist: &str) -> Vec<&str> {
+        ["<key>CFBundleTypeExtensions</key>", "<key>public.filename-extension</key>"]
+            .iter()
+            .flat_map(|key| plist.split(key).skip(1))
+            .filter_map(|rest| rest.split("</array>").next())
+            .flat_map(|array| array.split("<string>").skip(1))
+            .filter_map(|s| s.split("</string>").next())
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    /// Finder offers the app for every file File › Open reads (#295, #354), takes over no other
+    /// app's files, and hands them to the app rather than to AppKit's document machinery.
+    #[test]
+    fn the_macos_bundle_opens_every_readable_format() {
+        let plist = include_str!("../../../packaging/macos/Info.plist.in");
+        let declared = plist_extensions(plist);
+        for e in fileio::OPEN_EXTS {
+            assert!(declared.contains(e), "Info.plist.in doesn't declare .{e}");
+        }
+        for e in &declared {
+            assert!(fileio::OPEN_EXTS.contains(e), "Info.plist.in declares .{e}, which the app doesn't open");
+        }
+        assert!(!plist.contains("<key>NSDocumentClass</key>"), "not an NSDocument app: AppKit would refuse the files");
+        let types = plist.matches("<key>CFBundleTypeName</key>").count();
+        assert!(types > 1 && plist.matches("<key>LSHandlerRank</key>").count() == types, "every document type has a rank");
+        assert_eq!(plist.matches("<string>Owner</string>").count(), 2, "only VectorCraft documents and templates are owned");
+    }
+
+    /// The preference the engine saves is the one the app reads back before the window opens.
+    #[test]
+    fn the_saved_engine_preference_is_found() {
+        let mut prefs = vectorcraft_engine::Prefs::default();
+        let saved = prefs.to_json();
+        assert_eq!(saved.get("gpuPreference").and_then(serde_json::Value::as_str), Some("powerSaving"));
+        prefs.gpu_preference = "highPerformance".into();
+        let saved = prefs.to_json();
+        let pref = saved.get("gpuPreference").and_then(serde_json::Value::as_str);
+        assert_eq!(power_preference(pref, None), PowerPreference::HighPerformance);
+    }
+}

apps/vectorcraft/src/native_menu.rs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use muda::accelerator::Accelerator;
 use muda::{CheckMenuItem, Menu, MenuEvent, MenuItem, PredefinedMenuItem, Submenu};
 use serde_json::Value;
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::VectorcraftApp;
+use vectorcraft_ui_egui::i18n::{self, Lang, t};
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::menus::{self, Item};
 
 enum Handle {
@@ -18,7 +19,6 @@ enum Handle {
 }
 
 pub struct NativeMenu {
-    language: vectorcraft_ui_egui::i18n::Language,
     _menu: Menu,
     items: HashMap<String, (String, Value, Handle, String)>,
     last_refresh: f64,
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ pub struct NativeMenu {
     slots: usize,
     /// Plug-in registry revision the Plug-ins submenus were built for.
     plugins: u64,
+    /// The language the labels were built in (a change rebuilds the menu).
+    language: Lang,
 }
 
 /// Accelerator for a shortcut like "Cmd+Shift+]" (modifier-less shortcuts stay in the app so they
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ impl NativeMenu {
         let mut items = HashMap::new();
         let mut counter = 0usize;
         for (title, entries) in menus::menu_tree() {
-            let sub = Submenu::new(app.ui.language.tr(title), true);
+            let sub = Submenu::new(t(title), true);
             build(app, &sub, &entries, &mut items, &mut counter);
             let _ = menu.append(&sub);
         }
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ impl NativeMenu {
             generation,
             slots: menus::listed_slots(app),
             plugins: menus::plugin_revision(),
-            language: app.ui.language,
+            language: i18n::current(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -83,12 +85,12 @@ impl NativeMenu {
             return;
         }
         self.last_refresh = now;
-        // Shortcuts edited, workspaces added, saved views, recent files or plug-ins changed: rebuild so
-        // accelerators and lists are current.
+        // Shortcuts edited, workspaces added, saved views, recent files, plug-ins or the UI language
+        // changed: rebuild so accelerators, lists and labels are current.
         if vectorcraft_ui_egui::shortcut_editor::GENERATION.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed) != self.generation
             || menus::listed_slots(app) != self.slots
             || menus::plugin_revision() != self.plugins
-            || app.ui.language != self.language
+            || i18n::current() != self.language
         {
             *self = NativeMenu::install(app);
             return;
@@ -121,7 +123,7 @@ impl NativeMenu {
                             "view.cornerWidget" | "view.textThreads" | "view.gradientAnnotator" | "effect.last" | "type.hiddenCharacters"
                         )
                     {
-                        i.set_text(app.ui.language.tr(&menus::dynamic_label(app, cmd, "")));
+                        i.set_text(menus::display_label(app, cmd, ""));
                     }
                 }
                 Handle::Check(c) => {
@@ -146,13 +148,13 @@ fn build(
                 let _ = parent.append(&PredefinedMenuItem::separator());
             }
             Item::Header(h) => {
-                let _ = parent.append(&MenuItem::new(app.ui.language.tr(h), false, None));
+                let _ = parent.append(&MenuItem::new(t(h), false, None));
             }
             Item::Todo(label, sc) => {
-                let _ = parent.append(&MenuItem::new(app.ui.language.tr(label), false, accel(sc)));
+                let _ = parent.append(&MenuItem::new(t(label), false, accel(sc)));
             }
             Item::Sub(label, children) => {
-                let sub = Submenu::new(app.ui.language.tr(label), true);
+                let sub = Submenu::new(t(label), true);
                 build(app, &sub, children, items, counter);
                 let _ = parent.append(&sub);
             }
@@ -163,11 +165,11 @@ fn build(
                 let id = format!("dc{counter}");
                 let sc = if params.is_null() { menus::shortcut_of(cmd).and_then(accel) } else { None };
                 let handle = if menus::checked(app, cmd, params).is_some() {
-                    let c = CheckMenuItem::with_id(id.clone(), app.ui.language.tr(label), true, false, sc);
+                    let c = CheckMenuItem::with_id(id.clone(), menus::display_label(app, cmd, label), true, false, sc);
                     let _ = parent.append(&c);
                     Handle::Check(c)
                 } else {
-                    let i = MenuItem::with_id(id.clone(), app.ui.language.tr(label), true, sc);
+                    let i = MenuItem::with_id(id.clone(), menus::display_label(app, cmd, label), true, sc);
                     let _ = parent.append(&i);
                     Handle::Plain(i)
                 };

apps/vectorcraft/src/open_documents.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+//! macOS: files opened from Finder (double-click, Open With, a drop on the Dock icon) or with
+//! `open -a VectorCraft file`.
+//!
+//! macOS doesn't pass these on the command line: AppKit hands them to the application delegate's
+//! `application:openURLs:`, and when the delegate has no such method it asks `NSDocumentController`,
+//! which fails with "VectorCraft cannot open files in the … format" because VectorCraft isn't an
+//! `NSDocument` app. winit 0.30's delegate doesn't implement the method, so [`install`] adds it to
+//! the delegate's class when the app is about to finish launching: after winit set the delegate and
+//! before AppKit delivers the files the app was launched with. The handler queues the paths and
+//! wakes the UI, which opens them with [`take`] like files named on the command line.
+//!
+//! Adding a method to another crate's Objective-C class has no safe API, hence the scoped
+//! `unsafe_code` allowance (winit overrides `sendEvent:` on `NSApplication` the same way).
+#![allow(unsafe_code)]
+
+use std::ptr::NonNull;
+use std::sync::{Mutex, OnceLock, PoisonError};
+
+use block2::RcBlock;
+use objc2::MainThreadMarker;
+use objc2::runtime::{AnyObject, Imp, Sel};
+use objc2::sel;
+use objc2_app_kit::{NSApplication, NSApplicationWillFinishLaunchingNotification};
+use objc2_foundation::{NSArray, NSNotification, NSNotificationCenter, NSURL};
+
+/// Paths that arrived and haven't been opened yet.
+static PENDING: Mutex<Vec<String>> = Mutex::new(Vec::new());
+/// The UI to wake when files arrive (unset until the window exists; the first frame opens them).
+static UI: OnceLock<egui::Context> = OnceLock::new();
+
+/// Handle open-document events from now on. Call before the event loop runs.
+pub fn install() {
+    let block = RcBlock::new(|_: NonNull<NSNotification>| add_open_urls_method());
+    // SAFETY: the name is AppKit's notification constant; no object or queue filter, so the block
+    // runs on the posting thread (AppKit posts it on the main thread). The notification center
+    // keeps the registration (and the block) for the life of the app.
+    unsafe {
+        NSNotificationCenter::defaultCenter().addObserverForName_object_queue_usingBlock(
+            Some(NSApplicationWillFinishLaunchingNotification),
+            None,
+            None,
+            &block,
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+/// Wake `ctx` when files arrive while the app runs.
+pub fn set_ui(ctx: &egui::Context) {
+    // Set once; a second call would hand over the same context.
+    let _ = UI.set(ctx.clone());
+}
+
+/// The paths that arrived since the last call.
+pub fn take() -> Vec<String> {
+    std::mem::take(&mut *PENDING.lock().unwrap_or_else(PoisonError::into_inner))
+}
+
+/// `application:openURLs:` on the application delegate's class.
+fn add_open_urls_method() {
+    let Some(mtm) = MainThreadMarker::new() else { return };
+    let Some(delegate) = NSApplication::sharedApplication(mtm).delegate() else {
+        log::warn!("vectorcraft: no application delegate; files opened from Finder won't open");
+        return;
+    };
+    let class = AsRef::<AnyObject>::as_ref(&*delegate).class();
+    let handler: extern "C-unwind" fn(&AnyObject, Sel, &AnyObject, &NSArray<NSURL>) = open_urls;
+    // SAFETY: `Imp` is the untyped form of a method implementation; the Objective-C runtime calls
+    // it with the arguments the type encoding declares, which match `open_urls`: no return value
+    // (`v`), the receiver (`@`), the selector (`:`), the application (`@`) and the URL array (`@`).
+    let added = unsafe {
+        let imp = std::mem::transmute::<extern "C-unwind" fn(&AnyObject, Sel, &AnyObject, &NSArray<NSURL>), Imp>(handler);
+        objc2::ffi::class_addMethod(std::ptr::from_ref(class).cast_mut(), sel!(application:openURLs:), imp, c"v@:@@".as_ptr())
+    };
+    if !added.as_bool() {
+        log::warn!("vectorcraft: the application delegate already handles open-document events");
+    }
+}
+
+/// Queue the files among `urls` and wake the UI. Never panics: it runs inside AppKit.
+extern "C-unwind" fn open_urls(_delegate: &AnyObject, _cmd: Sel, _app: &AnyObject, urls: &NSArray<NSURL>) {
+    let paths = urls.iter().filter_map(|u| u.to_file_path()).map(|p| p.to_string_lossy().into_owned());
+    PENDING.lock().unwrap_or_else(PoisonError::into_inner).extend(paths);
+    if let Some(ctx) = UI.get() {
+        ctx.request_repaint();
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use objc2::runtime::NSObject;
+    use objc2_foundation::NSString;
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    /// Files queue until the UI takes them; URLs that aren't files are left out.
+    #[test]
+    fn opened_files_wait_for_the_ui() {
+        let web = NSURL::URLWithString(&NSString::from_str("https://example.com/a.svg")).unwrap();
+        let urls = NSArray::from_retained_slice(&[NSURL::from_file_path("/tmp/a b.pdf").unwrap(), web, NSURL::from_file_path("/tmp/c.ai").unwrap()]);
+        let any = NSObject::new();
+        open_urls(&any, sel!(application:openURLs:), &any, &urls);
+        assert_eq!(take(), ["/tmp/a b.pdf", "/tmp/c.ai"]);
+        assert!(take().is_empty());
+    }
+}

apps/vectorcraft/src/printing.rs

@@ -156,6 +156,9 @@ mod system {
     }
 
     pub fn printers() -> Vec<Printer> {
+        #[cfg(feature = "windows7")]
+        let script = "Get-WmiObject Win32_Printer | ForEach-Object { \"$($_.Default)`t$($_.Name)\" }";
+        #[cfg(not(feature = "windows7"))]
         let script = "Get-CimInstance Win32_Printer | ForEach-Object { \"$($_.Default)`t$($_.Name)\" }";
         output(&mut powershell(script)).map(|t| windows_printers(&t)).unwrap_or_default()
     }
@@ -174,7 +177,19 @@ mod system {
     }
 
     pub fn setup(_printer: Option<&str>) -> Result<(), String> {
-        Command::new("explorer").arg("ms-settings:printers").spawn().map(|_| ()).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+        #[cfg(feature = "windows7")]
+        let mut command = {
+            let mut command = Command::new("control.exe");
+            command.arg("printers");
+            command
+        };
+        #[cfg(not(feature = "windows7"))]
+        let mut command = {
+            let mut command = Command::new("explorer");
+            command.arg("ms-settings:printers");
+            command
+        };
+        command.spawn().map(|_| ()).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
     }
 }
 

assets/fonts/OFL-ShipporiMincho.txt

@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-Copyright 2021 The Shippori Mincho Project Authors (https://github.com/fontdasu/ShipporiMincho)
-
-This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
-This license is copied below, and is also available with a FAQ at:
-http://scripts.sil.org/OFL
-
-
------------------------------------------------------------
-SIL OPEN FONT LICENSE Version 1.1 - 26 February 2007
------------------------------------------------------------
-
-PREAMBLE
-The goals of the Open Font License (OFL) are to stimulate worldwide
-development of collaborative font projects, to support the font creation
-efforts of academic and linguistic communities, and to provide a free and
-open framework in which fonts may be shared and improved in partnership
-with others.
-
-The OFL allows the licensed fonts to be used, studied, modified and
-redistributed freely as long as they are not sold by themselves. The
-fonts, including any derivative works, can be bundled, embedded, 
-redistributed and/or sold with any software provided that any reserved
-names are not used by derivative works. The fonts and derivatives,
-however, cannot be released under any other type of license. The
-requirement for fonts to remain under this license does not apply
-to any document created using the fonts or their derivatives.
-
-DEFINITIONS
-"Font Software" refers to the set of files released by the Copyright
-Holder(s) under this license and clearly marked as such. This may
-include source files, build scripts and documentation.
-
-"Reserved Font Name" refers to any names specified as such after the
-copyright statement(s).
-
-"Original Version" refers to the collection of Font Software components as
-distributed by the Copyright Holder(s).
-
-"Modified Version" refers to any derivative made by adding to, deleting,
-or substituting -- in part or in whole -- any of the components of the
-Original Version, by changing formats or by porting the Font Software to a
-new environment.
-
-"Author" refers to any designer, engineer, programmer, technical
-writer or other person who contributed to the Font Software.
-
-PERMISSION & CONDITIONS
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
-a copy of the Font Software, to use, study, copy, merge, embed, modify,
-redistribute, and sell modified and unmodified copies of the Font
-Software, subject to the following conditions:
-
-1) Neither the Font Software nor any of its individual components,
-in Original or Modified Versions, may be sold by itself.
-
-2) Original or Modified Versions of the Font Software may be bundled,
-redistributed and/or sold with any software, provided that each copy
-contains the above copyright notice and this license. These can be
-included either as stand-alone text files, human-readable headers or
-in the appropriate machine-readable metadata fields within text or
-binary files as long as those fields can be easily viewed by the user.
-
-3) No Modified Version of the Font Software may use the Reserved Font
-Name(s) unless explicit written permission is granted by the corresponding
-Copyright Holder. This restriction only applies to the primary font name as
-presented to the users.
-
-4) The name(s) of the Copyright Holder(s) or the Author(s) of the Font
-Software shall not be used to promote, endorse or advertise any
-Modified Version, except to acknowledge the contribution(s) of the
-Copyright Holder(s) and the Author(s) or with their explicit written
-permission.
-
-5) The Font Software, modified or unmodified, in part or in whole,
-must be distributed entirely under this license, and must not be
-distributed under any other license. The requirement for fonts to
-remain under this license does not apply to any document created
-using the Font Software.
-
-TERMINATION
-This license becomes null and void if any of the above conditions are
-not met.
-
-DISCLAIMER
-THE FONT SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
-EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTIES OF
-MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT
-OF COPYRIGHT, PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR OTHER RIGHT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
-INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-DAMAGES, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
-FROM, OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE FONT SOFTWARE OR FROM
-OTHER DEALINGS IN THE FONT SOFTWARE.

assets/icons/dc-para-ltr.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter"><path d="M11 3V14" /><path d="M14 3V14" /><path d="M16 3H9.5a3 3 0 0 0 0 6H11" /><path d="M4 19H20" /><path d="M17 16L20 19L17 22" /></svg>

assets/icons/dc-para-rtl.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter"><path d="M13 3V14" /><path d="M10 3V14" /><path d="M8 3H14.5a3 3 0 0 1 0 6H13" /><path d="M20 19H4" /><path d="M7 16L4 19L7 22" /></svg>

crates/cad/src/import/build.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use vectorcraft_doc::{Appearance, AppearanceItem, CharStyle, Dash, Document, LAY
 use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, FillRule, PathData, Point, Rect};
 
 use super::ImportOptions;
-use super::entity::{Alpha, Col, Converter, Geom, InsertItem, Item, Lw, Props, TextItem};
+use super::entity::{Alpha, Col, Converter, Geom, InsertItem, Item, Lw, Props, Span, TextItem};
 use super::reader::{Drawing, LayoutDef};
 use crate::{CAP_HEIGHT, MAX_NEST};
 
@@ -244,14 +244,18 @@ impl<'d, 'a> Build<'d, 'a> {
             Geom::Text(t) => {
                 let lines = t.text.lines().count().max(1) as f64;
                 let longest = t.text.lines().map(|l| l.chars().count()).max().unwrap_or(0) as f64;
-                let w = longest * t.height * 0.9 * t.width;
+                let natural = longest * t.height * 0.9 * t.width;
+                // Fit and aligned text run their span; aligned text's height scales with it.
+                let k = t.span.and_then(|sp| sp.scale(natural)).unwrap_or(1.0);
+                let height = if matches!(t.span, Some(Span::Aligned(_))) { t.height * k } else { t.height };
+                let w = natural * k;
                 let x0 = match t.justify {
                     vectorcraft_doc::Justify::Center => -w / 2.0,
                     vectorcraft_doc::Justify::Right => -w,
                     _ => 0.0,
                 };
-                let below = (lines - 1.0) * t.leading.unwrap_or(0.0) + t.height * 0.3;
-                Some(t.xf.transform_rect_bbox(Rect::new(x0, -below, x0 + w, t.height)))
+                let below = (lines - 1.0) * t.leading.unwrap_or(0.0) + height * 0.3;
+                Some(t.xf.transform_rect_bbox(Rect::new(x0, -below, x0 + w, height)))
             }
             Geom::Insert(ins) => {
                 let b = self.block_bounds(&ins.block, depth);
@@ -502,6 +506,9 @@ impl<'d, 'a> Build<'d, 'a> {
         let mut obj = TextObject::point(Point::ZERO, &t.text, style);
         obj.xf = m * Affine::scale(1.0 / s);
         obj.para.justify = t.justify;
+        if let Some(span) = t.span {
+            fill_span(&mut obj, span, s);
+        }
         Some(Node::new(self.doc.alloc_id(), NodeKind::Text(Box::new(obj))))
     }
 
@@ -581,6 +588,20 @@ impl<'d, 'a> Build<'d, 'a> {
     }
 }
 
+/// Fit text stretched or squeezed across, aligned text scaled as a whole, to run its span
+/// (`s`: points per drawing unit), measured in the font it is set in.
+fn fill_span(obj: &mut TextObject, span: Span, s: f64) {
+    let layout = vectorcraft_text::layout(vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global(), obj);
+    let natural = layout.lines.iter().map(|l| l.x1 - l.x0).fold(0.0, f64::max);
+    let Some(k) = span.scale(natural / s) else { return };
+    for r in &mut obj.runs {
+        match span {
+            Span::Fit(_) => r.style.h_scale *= k,
+            Span::Aligned(_) => r.style.size *= k,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 fn rgb_color([r, g, b]: [u8; 3]) -> Color {
     Color::rgb8(r, g, b)
 }

crates/cad/src/import/entity.rs

@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ const LINE_SPACING: f64 = 5.0 / 3.0;
 const MAX_CELLS: i64 = 10_000;
 /// Art farther than this from the origin (drawing units) is damaged data, left out.
 const MAX_COORD: f64 = 1e12;
+/// How far fit and aligned text may be squeezed or stretched to span their two points: at width
+/// factor 1, the 1 to 10,000% horizontal scale the Character panel allows.
+const SPAN_SCALE: (f64, f64) = (0.01, 100.0);
 
 /// The colour of index `i` on paper: index 7 (white on a CAD screen) is black.
 pub(crate) fn aci_paper(i: u64) -> [u8; 3] {
@@ -121,6 +124,27 @@ pub(crate) struct TextItem {
     pub family: Option<String>,
     /// Baseline-to-baseline distance (drawing units), for several lines.
     pub leading: Option<f64>,
+    /// The distance aligned and fit text run along their baseline.
+    pub span: Option<Span>,
+}
+
+/// How text fills the distance between its two points (drawing units).
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
+pub(crate) enum Span {
+    /// Stretched or squeezed across, its height kept.
+    Fit(f64),
+    /// Scaled as a whole, height included.
+    Aligned(f64),
+}
+
+impl Span {
+    /// The scale that makes text `natural` long run the span, within [`SPAN_SCALE`] (None when
+    /// either length is degenerate).
+    pub fn scale(self, natural: f64) -> Option<f64> {
+        let (Self::Fit(d) | Self::Aligned(d)) = self;
+        let k = d / natural;
+        (k.is_finite() && k > 0.0).then(|| k.clamp(SPAN_SCALE.0, SPAN_SCALE.1))
+    }
 }
 
 /// A block reference: one transform per copy (an array insert makes several), each from the
@@ -608,10 +632,13 @@ fn text(g: &[Pair<'_>], attrib: bool) -> Option<TextItem> {
     let (h, v) = (g.int_or(72, 0), g.int_or(if attrib { 74 } else { 73 }, 0));
     let (p1, p2) = (g.point(10), g.point_opt(11));
     let mut angle = g.num_or(50, 0.0).to_radians();
+    let mut span = None;
     // Aligned and fit text run from the first point to the second.
     let anchor = match (h, p2) {
         (3 | 5, Some(p)) => {
             angle = (p - p1).atan2();
+            let d = p1.distance(p);
+            span = (d > 1e-12).then_some(if h == 3 { Span::Aligned(d) } else { Span::Fit(d) });
             p1
         }
         (0, _) if v == 0 => p1,
@@ -636,6 +663,7 @@ fn text(g: &[Pair<'_>], attrib: bool) -> Option<TextItem> {
         style: g.name(7).unwrap_or("STANDARD").to_uppercase(),
         family: None,
         leading: None,
+        span,
     })
 }
 
@@ -662,5 +690,15 @@ fn mtext(g: &[Pair<'_>]) -> Option<TextItem> {
     let direction = g.point_opt(11).map(|p| p.to_vec2()).filter(|d| d.hypot() > 1e-12);
     let angle = direction.map_or_else(|| g.num_or(50, 0.0), |d| d.atan2());
     let xf = Affine::translate(g.point(10).to_vec2()) * Affine::rotate(angle) * Affine::translate((0.0, first));
-    Some(TextItem { text: s, height, xf, width: 1.0, justify, style: g.name(7).unwrap_or("STANDARD").to_uppercase(), family, leading: Some(leading) })
+    Some(TextItem {
+        text: s,
+        height,
+        xf,
+        width: 1.0,
+        justify,
+        style: g.name(7).unwrap_or("STANDARD").to_uppercase(),
+        family,
+        leading: Some(leading),
+        span: None,
+    })
 }

crates/cad/src/import/tests.rs

@@ -397,6 +397,167 @@ fn text_and_multiline_text() {
     assert!((leading - 3.5 * 5.0 / 3.0).abs() < 1e-9, "{leading}");
 }
 
+/// Where the first line's baseline starts and ends, in document coordinates.
+fn baseline_ends(t: &TextObject) -> (Point, Point) {
+    let layout = vectorcraft_text::layout(vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global(), t);
+    let l = &layout.lines[0];
+    (t.xf * Point::new(l.x0, l.baseline), t.xf * Point::new(l.x1, l.baseline))
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fit_and_aligned_text_span_their_two_points() {
+    // Millimetres: red lines at x = 10 and 90, fit and aligned text between them, and the same
+    // text left-justified for its natural size.
+    let e = [
+        (0, "LINE"),
+        (62, "1"),
+        (10, "10"),
+        (20, "0"),
+        (11, "10"),
+        (21, "60"),
+        (0, "LINE"),
+        (62, "1"),
+        (10, "90"),
+        (20, "0"),
+        (11, "90"),
+        (21, "60"),
+        (0, "TEXT"),
+        (10, "10"),
+        (20, "40"),
+        (40, "5"),
+        (1, "FIT BETWEEN"),
+        (72, "5"),
+        (11, "90"),
+        (21, "40"),
+        (0, "TEXT"),
+        (10, "10"),
+        (20, "10"),
+        (40, "5"),
+        (41, "0.8"),
+        (1, "ALIGNED"),
+        (72, "3"),
+        (11, "90"),
+        (21, "10"),
+        (0, "TEXT"),
+        (10, "10"),
+        (20, "25"),
+        (40, "5"),
+        (1, "FIT BETWEEN"),
+        (0, "TEXT"),
+        (10, "10"),
+        (20, "50"),
+        (40, "5"),
+        (41, "0.8"),
+        (1, "ALIGNED"),
+    ];
+    let o = ImportOptions { center: false, ..ImportOptions::default() };
+    let doc = open(&drawing(&[(9, "$INSUNITS"), (70, "4")], &[], &[], &e), &o).document;
+    let [left, right, fit, aligned, fit_natural, aligned_natural] = &leaves(&doc)[..] else { panic!() };
+    let (x10, x90) = (bounds(left).center().x, bounds(right).center().x);
+    for n in [fit, aligned] {
+        let (a, b) = baseline_ends(text_of(n));
+        assert!((a.x - x10).abs() < 1e-3 && (b.x - x90).abs() < 1e-3, "{a:?} to {b:?}, not {x10} to {x90}");
+        assert!((a.y - b.y).abs() < 1e-9, "level");
+    }
+    // Fit keeps its height and stretches across.
+    let (st, natural) = (text_of(fit).first_style(), text_of(fit_natural).first_style());
+    assert_eq!(st.size, natural.size);
+    assert!(st.h_scale > 100.0, "{}", st.h_scale);
+    // Aligned grows as a whole, its width factor kept.
+    let (a, b) = baseline_ends(text_of(aligned_natural));
+    let k = (x90 - x10) / (b.x - a.x);
+    let (st, natural) = (text_of(aligned).first_style(), text_of(aligned_natural).first_style());
+    assert!((st.size - natural.size * k).abs() < 1e-6 && k > 2.0, "{} vs {} × {k}", st.size, natural.size);
+    assert!((st.h_scale - 80.0).abs() < 1e-9 && (natural.h_scale - 80.0).abs() < 1e-9);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fit_and_aligned_text_without_a_second_point_keep_their_size() {
+    for h in ["3", "5"] {
+        let e = [
+            (0, "TEXT"),
+            (10, "10"),
+            (20, "10"),
+            (40, "7"),
+            (1, "Gap"),
+            (72, h),
+            (0, "TEXT"),
+            (10, "10"),
+            (20, "30"),
+            (40, "7"),
+            (1, "Gap"),
+            (72, h),
+            (11, "10"),
+            (21, "30"),
+        ];
+        let doc = open(&entities(&e), &points()).document;
+        let top = height(&doc);
+        for (n, y) in leaves(&doc).iter().zip([10.0, 30.0]) {
+            let t = text_of(n);
+            let st = t.first_style();
+            assert!((st.size - 10.0).abs() < 1e-9 && st.h_scale == 100.0, "{} at {}%", st.size, st.h_scale);
+            assert!((t.xf * Point::ZERO).distance(Point::new(10.0, top - y)) < 1e-9);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fit_and_aligned_text_scale_within_limits() {
+    // A span a billion units long and one a millionth of a unit long.
+    let e = [
+        (0, "TEXT"),
+        (10, "0"),
+        (20, "0"),
+        (40, "7"),
+        (1, "X"),
+        (72, "5"),
+        (11, "1e9"),
+        (21, "0"),
+        (0, "TEXT"),
+        (10, "0"),
+        (20, "10"),
+        (40, "7"),
+        (1, "X"),
+        (72, "3"),
+        (11, "1e-6"),
+        (21, "10"),
+    ];
+    let doc = open(&entities(&e), &points()).document;
+    let [fit, aligned] = &leaves(&doc)[..] else { panic!() };
+    let st = text_of(fit).first_style();
+    assert!((st.size - 10.0).abs() < 1e-9 && (st.h_scale - 10_000.0).abs() < 1e-6, "{} at {}%", st.size, st.h_scale);
+    let st = text_of(aligned).first_style();
+    assert!((st.size - 0.1).abs() < 1e-9 && st.h_scale == 100.0, "{} at {}%", st.size, st.h_scale);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fit_attributes_span_their_two_points() {
+    let inserts = [
+        (0, "INSERT"),
+        (66, "1"),
+        (2, "Door"),
+        (10, "0"),
+        (20, "0"),
+        (0, "ATTRIB"),
+        (10, "10"),
+        (20, "20"),
+        (40, "7"),
+        (1, "D-01"),
+        (2, "TAG"),
+        (70, "0"),
+        (72, "5"),
+        (74, "0"),
+        (11, "90"),
+        (21, "20"),
+        (0, "SEQEND"),
+    ];
+    let doc = open(&with_door(DOOR_LINE, &inserts), &points()).document;
+    let tag = leaves(&doc).into_iter().find(|n| matches!(n.kind, NodeKind::Text(_))).unwrap();
+    let (a, b) = baseline_ends(text_of(&tag));
+    assert!((a.x - 10.0).abs() < 1e-3 && (b.x - 90.0).abs() < 1e-3, "{a:?} to {b:?}");
+    assert_eq!(text_of(&tag).first_style().size, 10.0);
+}
+
 /// A block "Door" (base point 5, 5) holding `block_art`, and `inserts`.
 fn with_door(block_art: &[(i32, &'static str)], inserts: &[(i32, &'static str)]) -> Vec<u8> {
     let mut blocks = vec![(0, "BLOCK"), (8, "0"), (2, "Door"), (70, "0"), (10, "5"), (20, "5"), (3, "Door")];

crates/color/src/cms/mod.rs

@@ -662,6 +662,60 @@ impl ProofLut {
     }
 }
 
+/// A 17⁴ CMYK → four values lookup table with quadrilinear interpolation: ink amounts to a
+/// colour (XYZ, RGB, or CMYK in another space).
+pub struct CmykLut {
+    data: Vec<[f32; 4]>,
+}
+
+impl CmykLut {
+    pub fn build(f: impl Fn([f32; 4]) -> [f32; 4]) -> Self {
+        let s = (LUT_N - 1) as f32;
+        let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(LUT_N.pow(4));
+        for c in 0..LUT_N {
+            for m in 0..LUT_N {
+                for y in 0..LUT_N {
+                    for k in 0..LUT_N {
+                        data.push(f([c, m, y, k].map(|i| i as f32 / s)));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Self { data }
+    }
+
+    pub fn apply(&self, inks: [f32; 4]) -> [f32; 4] {
+        const STRIDE: [usize; 4] = [LUT_N * LUT_N * LUT_N, LUT_N * LUT_N, LUT_N, 1];
+        let p = inks.map(|v| v.clamp(0.0, 1.0) * (LUT_N - 1) as f32);
+        let i = p.map(|v| (v as usize).min(LUT_N - 2));
+        let base: usize = (0..4).map(|d| i[d] * STRIDE[d]).sum();
+        let mut out = [0.0f32; 4];
+        for corner in 0..16 {
+            let (mut w, mut at) = (1.0f32, base);
+            for d in 0..4 {
+                let t = p[d] - i[d] as f32;
+                if corner >> d & 1 == 1 {
+                    w *= t;
+                    at += STRIDE[d];
+                } else {
+                    w *= 1.0 - t;
+                }
+            }
+            if w > 0.0 {
+                for (o, v) in out.iter_mut().zip(self.data[at]) {
+                    *o += w * v;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        out
+    }
+
+    /// [`Self::apply`] to 8-bit ink amounts, for 8-bit values.
+    pub fn apply8(&self, inks: [u8; 4]) -> [u8; 4] {
+        self.apply(inks.map(|v| v as f32 / 255.0)).map(|v| (v.clamp(0.0, 1.0) * 255.0).round() as u8)
+    }
+}
+
 // ---------- the active (process-wide) settings ----------
 
 static ACTIVE: RwLock<Option<Arc<Cms>>> = RwLock::new(None);

crates/doc/Cargo.toml

@@ -13,9 +13,12 @@ vectorcraft-geom = { workspace = true }
 vectorcraft-color = { workspace = true }
 kurbo = { workspace = true }
 image = { workspace = true }
+tiff = { workspace = true }
+zune-jpeg = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
+jpeg-encoder = { workspace = true }
 proptest = { workspace = true }

crates/doc/src/cmyk.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+//! CMYK images: the ink amounts of image blobs that hold CMYK samples.
+//!
+//! Two encodings hold them: a four-component JPEG, whose samples are stored inverted with Adobe's
+//! marker (the convention JPEG readers and PDF writers take a CMYK JPEG to follow), and a CMYK
+//! TIFF (8 or 16 bits, chunky, ink amounts as they are). [`ImageBlob::cmyk_tiff`] writes the
+//! latter, Deflate-compressed. Every other image decodes to RGB(A) only.
+
+use std::io::Cursor;
+
+use zune_jpeg::zune_core::bytestream::ZCursor;
+use zune_jpeg::zune_core::colorspace::ColorSpace;
+use zune_jpeg::zune_core::options::DecoderOptions;
+
+use crate::ImageBlob;
+
+/// Most pixels a CMYK image is decoded with (256 MB of samples): larger ones decode as RGB.
+pub const MAX_CMYK_PIXELS: u64 = 1 << 26;
+
+/// The ink amounts of a CMYK image: C, M, Y and K bytes per pixel, 0 is no ink.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Inks {
+    pub width: u32,
+    pub height: u32,
+    pub data: Vec<u8>,
+}
+
+impl Inks {
+    /// `data` as a `width` × `height` image; `None` when it doesn't hold that many pixels, the
+    /// image is empty or it has more than [`MAX_CMYK_PIXELS`].
+    pub fn new(width: u32, height: u32, data: Vec<u8>) -> Option<Self> {
+        let n = pixels(width, height)?;
+        (data.len() as u64 == n * 4).then_some(Self { width, height, data })
+    }
+}
+
+/// `width` × `height` when it is a CMYK image's size: not empty, at most [`MAX_CMYK_PIXELS`].
+fn pixels(width: u32, height: u32) -> Option<u64> {
+    let n = width as u64 * height as u64;
+    (n > 0 && n <= MAX_CMYK_PIXELS).then_some(n)
+}
+
+/// The number of colour components of JPEG `bytes` (its frame header); `None` when they aren't a
+/// JPEG.
+pub fn jpeg_components(bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
+    if !bytes.starts_with(&[0xFF, 0xD8]) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let mut d = zune_jpeg::JpegDecoder::new_with_options(ZCursor::new(bytes), DecoderOptions::default());
+    d.decode_headers().ok()?;
+    Some(d.info()?.components as usize)
+}
+
+fn is_tiff(bytes: &[u8]) -> bool {
+    bytes.starts_with(b"II*\0") || bytes.starts_with(b"MM\0*")
+}
+
+/// The colour type of TIFF `bytes` and its decoder.
+fn tiff(bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<(tiff::ColorType, tiff::decoder::Decoder<Cursor<&[u8]>>)> {
+    if !is_tiff(bytes) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let mut d = tiff::decoder::Decoder::new(Cursor::new(bytes)).ok()?;
+    Some((d.colortype().ok()?, d))
+}
+
+impl ImageBlob {
+    /// A CMYK TIFF of ink amounts `inks` (Deflate-compressed); `None` when it can't be written.
+    pub fn cmyk_tiff(inks: &Inks) -> Option<Self> {
+        use tiff::encoder::{Compression, TiffEncoder, colortype::CMYK8, compression::DeflateLevel};
+        let mut out = Cursor::new(Vec::new());
+        TiffEncoder::new(&mut out)
+            .ok()?
+            .with_compression(Compression::Deflate(DeflateLevel::Balanced))
+            .write_image::<CMYK8>(inks.width, inks.height, &inks.data)
+            .ok()?;
+        Some(Self::new("image/tiff", out.into_inner()))
+    }
+
+    /// Does the image hold CMYK samples (a four-component JPEG or a CMYK TIFF)? Reads only its
+    /// header.
+    pub fn is_cmyk(&self) -> bool {
+        jpeg_components(&self.bytes) == Some(4) || tiff(&self.bytes).is_some_and(|(t, _)| matches!(t, tiff::ColorType::CMYK(8 | 16)))
+    }
+
+    /// The ink amounts of a CMYK image; `None` for other images, and ones that can't be decoded
+    /// or are larger than [`MAX_CMYK_PIXELS`].
+    pub fn cmyk(&self) -> Option<Inks> {
+        let bytes = self.bytes.as_slice();
+        if bytes.starts_with(&[0xFF, 0xD8]) { jpeg_inks(bytes) } else { tiff_inks(bytes) }
+    }
+}
+
+/// The ink amounts of a four-component JPEG (its samples inverted back; YCCK converted to CMYK
+/// first, as JPEG readers do).
+fn jpeg_inks(bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<Inks> {
+    let mut d = zune_jpeg::JpegDecoder::new_with_options(ZCursor::new(bytes), DecoderOptions::default());
+    d.decode_headers().ok()?;
+    let space = d.input_colorspace()?;
+    if d.info()?.components != 4 || !matches!(space, ColorSpace::CMYK | ColorSpace::YCCK) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let (w, h) = d.dimensions()?;
+    let (w, h) = (u32::try_from(w).ok()?, u32::try_from(h).ok()?);
+    pixels(w, h)?;
+    d.set_options(DecoderOptions::default().jpeg_set_out_colorspace(space));
+    let mut data = d.decode().ok()?;
+    for p in data.as_chunks_mut::<4>().0 {
+        if space == ColorSpace::YCCK {
+            let [y, cb, cr] = [p[0], p[1], p[2]].map(f32::from);
+            // libjpeg's YCCK → CMYK: the complement of the YCbCr colour's RGB.
+            p[0] = (434.456 - y - 1.402 * cr).clamp(0.0, 255.0) as u8;
+            p[1] = (119.541 - y + 0.344 * cb + 0.714 * cr).clamp(0.0, 255.0) as u8;
+            p[2] = (481.816 - y - 1.772 * cb).clamp(0.0, 255.0) as u8;
+        }
+        for v in p.iter_mut() {
+            *v = 255 - *v;
+        }
+    }
+    Inks::new(w, h, data)
+}
+
+/// The ink amounts of a chunky CMYK TIFF (16-bit samples to 8 bits).
+fn tiff_inks(bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<Inks> {
+    let (kind, mut d) = tiff(bytes)?;
+    let (w, h) = d.dimensions().ok()?;
+    // Planar samples (one plane per ink) would read as interleaved.
+    let planar = d.find_tag_unsigned::<u16>(tiff::tags::Tag::PlanarConfiguration).ok().flatten().is_some_and(|p| p != 1);
+    if !matches!(kind, tiff::ColorType::CMYK(8 | 16)) || planar || pixels(w, h).is_none() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let data = match d.read_image().ok()? {
+        tiff::decoder::DecodingResult::U8(v) => v,
+        tiff::decoder::DecodingResult::U16(v) => v.iter().map(|s| (s >> 8) as u8).collect(),
+        _ => return None,
+    };
+    Inks::new(w, h, data)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn inks() -> Inks {
+        Inks::new(3, 2, vec![0, 40, 100, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, 0, 255, 12, 34, 56, 78]).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_cmyk_tiff_keeps_its_ink_amounts_and_shows_as_rgb() {
+        let b = ImageBlob::cmyk_tiff(&inks()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(b.mime, "image/tiff");
+        assert!(b.is_cmyk());
+        assert_eq!(b.cmyk(), Some(inks()), "lossless");
+        // Every image reader sees an RGB image: cyan is (0, 255, 255).
+        let rgb = image::load_from_memory(&b.bytes).unwrap().to_rgb8();
+        assert_eq!(rgb.get_pixel(1, 0).0, [0, 255, 255]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_cmyk_jpeg_reads_back_as_ink_amounts() {
+        // A flat CMYK JPEG: Adobe's inverted samples with its marker.
+        let flat = [10u8, 40, 100, 20];
+        let px: Vec<u8> = (0..16 * 16).flat_map(|_| flat).collect();
+        let mut jpg = Vec::new();
+        jpeg_encoder::Encoder::new(&mut jpg, 100).encode(&px, 16, 16, jpeg_encoder::ColorType::Cmyk).unwrap();
+        let b = ImageBlob::new("image/jpeg", jpg);
+        assert_eq!(jpeg_components(&b.bytes), Some(4));
+        assert!(b.is_cmyk());
+        let back = b.cmyk().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!((back.width, back.height), (16, 16));
+        for p in back.data.as_chunks::<4>().0 {
+            assert!(p.iter().zip(flat).all(|(a, b)| a.abs_diff(b) <= 2), "{p:?}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn other_images_are_not_cmyk() {
+        let mut png = Vec::new();
+        image::RgbaImage::new(2, 2).write_to(&mut Cursor::new(&mut png), image::ImageFormat::Png).unwrap();
+        let mut jpg = Vec::new();
+        image::RgbImage::new(8, 8).write_to(&mut Cursor::new(&mut jpg), image::ImageFormat::Jpeg).unwrap();
+        for b in [ImageBlob::png(png), ImageBlob::new("image/jpeg", jpg), ImageBlob::new("image/tiff", b"II*\0junk".to_vec())] {
+            assert!(!b.is_cmyk() && b.cmyk().is_none(), "{}", b.mime);
+        }
+        assert_eq!(Inks::new(2, 2, vec![0; 15]), None, "too few samples");
+        assert_eq!(Inks::new(0, 2, vec![]), None, "empty");
+        assert_eq!(Inks::new(1 << 14, 1 << 13, vec![]), None, "too large");
+    }
+}

crates/doc/src/hit.rs

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ pub struct Hit {
     /// The innermost envelope in the ancestry whose contents are being edited (Edit Contents):
     /// its content, not the envelope, is the object clicked.
     pub contents_of: Option<NodeId>,
+    /// How many entries at the start of `ancestry` are layers (the layer and its sublayers).
+    pub layers: usize,
 }
 
 impl Hit {
@@ -34,8 +36,8 @@ impl Hit {
         if let Some(i) = at(scope).max(at(self.contents_of)) {
             return self.ancestry.get(i + 1).copied().unwrap_or(self.leaf);
         }
-        // Skip layers and sublayers.
-        self.ancestry.get(1).copied().unwrap_or(self.leaf)
+        // Skip layers and sublayers: they are not objects.
+        self.ancestry.get(self.layers.max(1)).copied().unwrap_or(self.leaf)
     }
 }
 
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ pub fn hit_test(doc: &Document, p: Point, opt: HitOptions) -> Option<Hit> {
         if !layer.visible || layer.locked {
             continue;
         }
-        if let NodeKind::Layer { template: true, .. } = layer.kind {
+        if layer.is_template() {
             continue;
         }
         // Pattern editing mode: only the tile art is editable.
@@ -71,8 +73,10 @@ pub fn hit_test(doc: &Document, p: Point, opt: HitOptions) -> Option<Hit> {
             continue;
         }
         chain.push(layer.id);
+        let opt = if matches!(layer.kind, NodeKind::Layer { preview: false, .. }) { HitOptions { outline: true, ..opt } } else { opt };
         if let Some(mut h) = hit_children(layer, p, opt, &mut chain) {
             h.contents_of = h.ancestry.iter().rev().copied().find(|a| doc.node(*a).is_some_and(edits_contents));
+            h.layers = h.ancestry.iter().take_while(|a| doc.node(**a).is_some_and(Node::is_layer)).count();
             return Some(h);
         }
         chain.pop();
@@ -105,7 +109,8 @@ fn hit_children(parent: &Node, p: Point, opt: HitOptions, chain: &mut Vec<NodeId
         return None;
     }
     for c in children.iter().rev() {
-        if !c.visible || c.locked {
+        // Hidden, locked and template sublayers block clicks like top-level layers do.
+        if !c.visible || c.locked || c.is_template() {
             continue;
         }
         // (An envelope's content sits where it was, not where the envelope draws it.)
@@ -117,14 +122,16 @@ fn hit_children(parent: &Node, p: Point, opt: HitOptions, chain: &mut Vec<NodeId
         }
         chain.push(c.id);
         let hit = match &c.kind {
+            // A sublayer whose Preview is off is clicked in outline, like an outline view.
+            NodeKind::Layer { preview: false, .. } => hit_children(c, p, HitOptions { outline: true, ..opt }, chain),
             NodeKind::Layer { .. } | NodeKind::Group { .. } => hit_children(c, p, opt, chain),
             // Edit Contents: the envelope's content hits, undistorted.
             NodeKind::Envelope { editing: true, .. } => hit_children(c, p, opt, chain),
             // A blend's key objects first (Direct and Group Selection pick them); its steps hit
             // as the blend.
             NodeKind::Blend { .. } => hit_children(c, p, opt, chain)
-                .or_else(|| hit_leaf(c, p, opt).map(|kind| Hit { leaf: c.id, ancestry: chain.clone(), kind, contents_of: None })),
-            _ => hit_leaf(c, p, opt).map(|kind| Hit { leaf: c.id, ancestry: chain.clone(), kind, contents_of: None }),
+                .or_else(|| hit_leaf(c, p, opt).map(|kind| Hit { leaf: c.id, ancestry: chain.clone(), kind, contents_of: None, layers: 1 })),
+            _ => hit_leaf(c, p, opt).map(|kind| Hit { leaf: c.id, ancestry: chain.clone(), kind, contents_of: None, layers: 1 }),
         };
         if hit.is_some() {
             return hit;
@@ -192,13 +199,28 @@ pub fn marquee(doc: &Document, r: Rect, scope: Option<NodeId>, leaves: bool) ->
     let mut out = Vec::new();
     let tops: Vec<&std::sync::Arc<Node>> = match scope.and_then(|s| doc.node(s)) {
         Some(s) => s.children().map(|c| c.iter().collect()).unwrap_or_default(),
+        // The objects of the layers, looking through sublayers (hidden, locked and template ones
+        // are left out).
         None => doc
             .layers
             .iter()
-            .filter(|l| l.visible && !l.locked && doc.pattern_edit.as_ref().is_none_or(|e| e.layer == l.id))
-            .flat_map(|l| l.children().into_iter().flatten())
+            .filter(|l| l.visible && !l.locked && !l.is_template() && doc.pattern_edit.as_ref().is_none_or(|e| e.layer == l.id))
+            .flat_map(|l| layer_objects(l))
             .collect(),
     };
+    fn layer_objects(l: &Node) -> Vec<&std::sync::Arc<Node>> {
+        let mut out = vec![];
+        for c in l.children().into_iter().flatten() {
+            if c.is_layer() {
+                if c.visible && !c.locked && !c.is_template() {
+                    out.extend(layer_objects(c));
+                }
+            } else {
+                out.push(c);
+            }
+        }
+        out
+    }
     fn touches(n: &Node, r: Rect) -> bool {
         match &n.kind {
             NodeKind::Path { path, .. } => vectorcraft_geom::hit::intersects_rect(path, r),
@@ -296,6 +318,54 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(marquee(&d, Rect::new(100.0, 100.0, 105.0, 105.0), None, false).is_empty());
     }
 
+    /// Art in a sublayer is an object of its own: a click or a marquee takes it, not the
+    /// sublayer; hidden, locked and template sublayers block both.
+    #[test]
+    fn sublayers_are_not_objects() {
+        let mut d = Document::new(200.0, 200.0);
+        let l = d.layers[0].id;
+        let sub = d.alloc_id();
+        d.insert(Some(l), 0, Node::layer(sub, "Sub", crate::LayerColor::Preset(2))).unwrap();
+        let inner = d.alloc_id();
+        d.insert(Some(sub), 0, Node::layer(inner, "Inner", crate::LayerColor::Preset(3))).unwrap();
+        let a = d.alloc_id();
+        d.insert(Some(inner), 0, Node::path(a, shapes::rectangle(Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 50.0, 50.0)), Appearance::default_art())).unwrap();
+        let g = d.alloc_id();
+        let b = d.alloc_id();
+        let pb = Node::path(b, shapes::rectangle(Rect::new(100.0, 0.0, 150.0, 50.0)), Appearance::default_art());
+        d.insert(Some(sub), 9, Node::group(g, vec![Arc::new(pb)])).unwrap();
+        let h = hit_test(&d, Point::new(10.0, 10.0), HitOptions::default()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!((h.leaf, h.top_object(None), h.layers), (a, a, 3));
+        let h = hit_test(&d, Point::new(110.0, 10.0), HitOptions::default()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!((h.top_object(None), h.top_object(Some(g))), (g, b));
+        let all = Rect::new(-5.0, -5.0, 200.0, 200.0);
+        assert_eq!(marquee(&d, all, None, false), vec![a, g]);
+        assert_eq!(d.layer_containing(a), Some(inner));
+        assert_eq!(d.layer_color(a), crate::LayerColor::Preset(3).rgb(), "the sublayer's own colour");
+        assert_eq!(d.selectable_art(), vec![a, g]);
+        for f in [
+            |n: &mut Node| n.visible = false,
+            |n: &mut Node| n.locked = true,
+            |n: &mut Node| {
+                if let NodeKind::Layer { template, .. } = &mut n.kind {
+                    *template = true;
+                }
+            },
+        ] {
+            let mut d2 = d.clone();
+            f(d2.node_mut(inner).unwrap());
+            assert!(hit_test(&d2, Point::new(10.0, 10.0), HitOptions::default()).is_none());
+            assert_eq!(marquee(&d2, all, None, false), vec![g]);
+            assert_eq!(d2.selectable_art(), vec![g]);
+        }
+        // A sublayer whose Preview is off is clicked in outline: its fill no longer hits.
+        if let NodeKind::Layer { preview, .. } = &mut d.node_mut(inner).unwrap().kind {
+            *preview = false;
+        }
+        assert!(hit_test(&d, Point::new(25.0, 25.0), HitOptions::default()).is_none());
+        assert!(hit_test(&d, Point::new(0.5, 25.0), HitOptions::default()).is_some());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn locked_and_hidden_skip() {
         let mut d = Document::new(200.0, 200.0);

crates/doc/src/lib.rs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ pub mod appearance;
 pub mod assets;
 pub mod blend;
 pub mod clipnest;
+pub mod cmyk;
 pub mod graph;
 pub mod hit;
 pub mod inks;
@@ -77,8 +78,8 @@ pub use setup::{Background, DocSetup, ExportText, GridSize, Quotes};
 pub use slices::{CellAlign, CellVAlign, Slice, SliceArea, SliceKind, SliceOptions, SliceSource};
 pub use style_libs::StyleLibrary;
 pub use text::{
-    AreaOptions, CharPosition, CharStyle, FirstBaseline, Justify, ParaStyle, PathEffect, ScriptMetrics, TabAlign, TabStop, TextKind, TextObject,
-    TextRun, TextStyleDef, TextWrap, WrapShape,
+    AreaOptions, CharPosition, CharStyle, FirstBaseline, Justify, LeadingModel, Mojikumi, ParaDirection, ParaStyle, PathEffect, ScriptMetrics,
+    TabAlign, TabStop, TextKind, TextObject, TextRun, TextStyleDef, TextWrap, WrapShape,
 };
 pub use vectorcraft_color as color;
 pub use vectorcraft_geom as geom;
@@ -339,6 +340,32 @@ pub struct SavedView {
     pub rotation: f64,
 }
 
+/// A saved selection (Select → Save Selection…): the objects that were selected, listed by name at
+/// the bottom of the Select menu.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct SavedSelection {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub objects: Vec<NodeId>,
+}
+
+impl SavedSelection {
+    /// Most saved selections a document keeps (the Select menu lists every one).
+    pub const MAX: usize = 25;
+    /// Longest name, in characters.
+    pub const MAX_NAME: usize = 255;
+
+    /// `name` trimmed and cut to [`Self::MAX_NAME`] characters (`None` when blank).
+    pub fn clean_name(name: &str) -> Option<String> {
+        let name: String = name.trim().chars().take(Self::MAX_NAME).collect();
+        (!name.is_empty()).then_some(name)
+    }
+
+    /// The first "Selection N" none of `saved` is named.
+    pub fn default_name(saved: &[SavedSelection]) -> String {
+        (1..=saved.len() + 1).map(|i| format!("Selection {i}")).find(|n| !saved.iter().any(|x| &x.name == n)).unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Guide {
     /// true = vertical guide at `pos` (x), false = horizontal at `pos` (y).
@@ -490,6 +517,9 @@ pub struct Document {
     /// View → New View… (up to 25, like Illustrator).
     #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
     pub views: Vec<SavedView>,
+    /// Select → Save Selection… (at most [`SavedSelection::MAX`]); saved with the document.
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub saved_selections: Vec<SavedSelection>,
     #[serde(default)]
     pub grid: GridPrefs,
     #[serde(default = "ppi72")]
@@ -616,6 +646,7 @@ impl Document {
             symbols: vec![],
             guides: vec![],
             views: vec![],
+            saved_selections: vec![],
             grid: GridPrefs::default(),
             raster_effects_ppi: 72.0,
             images: BTreeMap::new(),
@@ -810,15 +841,17 @@ impl Document {
         self.layers.push(Arc::new(Node::layer(id, &name, LayerColor::Preset((n % LAYER_COLORS.len()) as u8))));
         id
     }
+    /// The default name of a new layer or sublayer, "Layer N". Layers and sublayers share the
+    /// numbering: it starts after the number of layers there are and skips any layer's name.
     pub fn next_layer_name(&self) -> String {
-        let mut i = self.layers.len() + 1;
-        loop {
-            let name = format!("Layer {i}");
-            if !self.layers.iter().any(|l| l.name.as_deref() == Some(&name)) {
-                return name;
+        let (mut count, mut taken) = (0, std::collections::HashSet::new());
+        self.walk(|n| {
+            if n.is_layer() {
+                count += 1;
+                taken.extend(n.name.as_deref());
             }
-            i += 1;
-        }
+        });
+        (count + 1..).map(|i| format!("Layer {i}")).find(|name| !taken.contains(name.as_str())).unwrap_or_default()
     }
 
     /// Visit every node depth first in paint order (bottom to top).
@@ -837,9 +870,19 @@ impl Document {
     pub fn is_visible(&self, id: NodeId) -> bool {
         self.ancestry(id).is_some_and(|a| a.iter().all(|i| self.node(*i).is_some_and(|n| n.visible)))
     }
-    /// Colour of the layer containing `id` (selection highlight colour).
+    /// The innermost layer or sublayer containing `id` (`id` itself when it is a layer).
+    pub fn layer_containing(&self, id: NodeId) -> Option<NodeId> {
+        let a = self.ancestry(id)?;
+        a.iter().rev().copied().find(|i| self.node(*i).is_some_and(Node::is_layer))
+    }
+    /// Every art object the Selection tool can reach (Select All): the visible, unlocked objects
+    /// of the visible, unlocked, non-template layers, looking through sublayers (bottom first).
+    pub fn selectable_art(&self) -> Vec<NodeId> {
+        self.layers.iter().filter(|l| l.visible && !l.locked && !l.is_template()).flat_map(|l| l.layer_art(true)).collect()
+    }
+    /// Colour of the innermost layer or sublayer containing `id` (selection highlight colour).
     pub fn layer_color(&self, id: NodeId) -> [u8; 3] {
-        let l = self.layer_of(id).and_then(|l| self.node(l));
+        let l = self.layer_containing(id).and_then(|l| self.node(l));
         match l.map(|n| &n.kind) {
             Some(NodeKind::Layer { color, .. }) => color.rgb(),
             _ => LAYER_COLORS[0].1,
@@ -859,6 +902,30 @@ impl Document {
     pub fn artboard_at(&self, p: Point) -> Option<usize> {
         self.artboards.iter().rposition(|a| a.rect.contains(p))
     }
+    /// The art that moves with an artboard at `rect`: unlocked top-level objects (children of
+    /// unlocked layers and sublayers) lying entirely inside it.
+    pub fn art_on_artboard(&self, rect: Rect) -> Vec<NodeId> {
+        fn collect(n: &Node, rect: Rect, out: &mut Vec<NodeId>) {
+            for c in n.children().into_iter().flatten() {
+                if c.locked {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if c.is_layer() {
+                    collect(c, rect, out);
+                } else if let Some(b) = c.geometric_bounds()
+                    && rect.contains(Point::new(b.x0, b.y0))
+                    && rect.contains(Point::new(b.x1, b.y1))
+                {
+                    out.push(c.id);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        let mut art = vec![];
+        for l in self.layers.iter().filter(|l| !l.locked) {
+            collect(l, rect, &mut art);
+        }
+        art
+    }
     pub fn next_artboard_id(&self) -> u32 {
         self.artboards.iter().map(|a| a.id).max().unwrap_or(0) + 1
     }
@@ -881,6 +948,33 @@ impl Document {
 }
 
 impl Document {
+    /// Saved selections as a file gives them, made safe to list and recall: at most
+    /// [`SavedSelection::MAX`], each with a clean, unique name and naming objects this document
+    /// has, each once. (An id it doesn't have would select whatever object takes that id later.)
+    pub fn tidy_saved_selections(&mut self) {
+        if self.saved_selections.is_empty() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let mut ids = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+        self.walk(|n| {
+            ids.insert(n.id);
+        });
+        let mut kept: Vec<SavedSelection> = vec![];
+        for s in std::mem::take(&mut self.saved_selections) {
+            if kept.len() >= SavedSelection::MAX {
+                break;
+            }
+            let Some(name) = SavedSelection::clean_name(&s.name) else { continue };
+            if kept.iter().any(|k| k.name == name) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let mut seen = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+            let objects = s.objects.into_iter().filter(|id| ids.contains(id) && seen.insert(*id)).collect();
+            kept.push(SavedSelection { name, objects });
+        }
+        self.saved_selections = kept;
+    }
+
     /// Leave opacity-mask editing: drop the temporary editing layer, a working copy of art the
     /// mask already holds (the engine syncs it after every edit).
     pub fn drop_edit_modes(&mut self) {
@@ -979,6 +1073,17 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(d.artboards[0].rect, Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 612.0, 792.0));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn art_on_artboard_takes_unlocked_objects_wholly_inside() {
+        let (mut d, a, b) = doc_with_rects();
+        assert_eq!(d.art_on_artboard(Rect::new(-1.0, -1.0, 15.0, 15.0)), vec![a]);
+        assert_eq!(d.art_on_artboard(Rect::new(-1.0, -1.0, 25.0, 15.0)), vec![a], "b only half inside");
+        d.node_mut(a).unwrap().locked = true;
+        assert_eq!(d.art_on_artboard(Rect::new(-1.0, -1.0, 40.0, 15.0)), vec![b]);
+        Arc::make_mut(&mut d.layers[0]).locked = true;
+        assert!(d.art_on_artboard(Rect::new(-1.0, -1.0, 40.0, 15.0)).is_empty());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn find_and_paths() {
         let (d, a, b) = doc_with_rects();

crates/doc/src/node.rs

@@ -75,12 +75,16 @@ impl LayerColor {
 #[serde(tag = "shape", rename_all = "lowercase")]
 pub enum LiveShape {
     Rectangle {
-        /// Untransformed width/height.
+        /// Untransformed width/height. Transforms fold their scale into these (see
+        /// [`LiveShape::transform`]), so they are document lengths unless `xf` shears.
         w: f64,
         h: f64,
-        /// Corner radii: top-left, top-right, bottom-right, bottom-left.
+        /// Corner radii: top-left, top-right, bottom-right, bottom-left. In the same units as
+        /// `w`/`h`: the corners are circular arcs in the document whenever `xf` doesn't scale.
         radii: [f64; 4],
-        /// Maps the untransformed shape (origin at its top-left) into the document.
+        /// Maps the untransformed shape (origin at its top-left) into the document. A rotation
+        /// or reflection plus a move, unless a shear (or a file saved before transforms folded
+        /// their scale into `w`/`h`) put more in it.
         xf: Affine,
     },
     Ellipse {
@@ -129,12 +133,44 @@ impl LiveShape {
             LiveShape::Line { a, b } => shapes::line(*a, *b),
         }
     }
-    pub fn transform(&mut self, a: Affine) {
+    /// Apply `a` to the shape. True when the shape is no longer `a` applied to the old path, so
+    /// the caller must regenerate the path with [`LiveShape::to_path`].
+    ///
+    /// A rectangle keeps round corners whatever its proportions: when `a` scales it along its own
+    /// sides (any rotation or reflection, no shear), the scale goes into `w`/`h` and `xf` keeps
+    /// only the rotation, reflection and position. The radii scale by the mean scale (the square
+    /// root of the determinant), which [`LiveShape::keep_corners`] undoes for Scale Corners off.
+    /// A shear can't keep circular corners: `xf` takes it, as do moves (so files saved with a
+    /// scale in `xf` keep their exact geometry until they're next transformed).
+    pub fn transform(&mut self, a: Affine) -> bool {
         match self {
-            LiveShape::Rectangle { xf, .. } | LiveShape::Ellipse { xf, .. } | LiveShape::Polygon { xf, .. } => *xf = a * *xf,
+            LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, xf } => {
+                let m = a * *xf;
+                let [a0, a1, a2, a3, _, _] = a.as_coeffs();
+                let moves_only = (a0 - 1.0).abs() < 1e-12 && a1.abs() < 1e-12 && a2.abs() < 1e-12 && (a3 - 1.0).abs() < 1e-12;
+                let [m0, m1, m2, m3, m4, m5] = m.as_coeffs();
+                let (sx, sy) = (m0.hypot(m1), m2.hypot(m3));
+                let orthogonal = sx > 1e-12 && sy > 1e-12 && (m0 * m2 + m1 * m3).abs() <= 1e-9 * sx * sy;
+                let finite = m.as_coeffs().iter().all(|c| c.is_finite()) && w.is_finite() && h.is_finite();
+                if moves_only || !orthogonal || !finite {
+                    *xf = m;
+                    return false;
+                }
+                let k = (sx * sy).sqrt();
+                radii.iter_mut().for_each(|r| *r *= k);
+                *w *= sx;
+                *h *= sy;
+                *xf = Affine::new([m0 / sx, m1 / sx, m2 / sy, m3 / sy, m4, m5]);
+                true
+            }
+            LiveShape::Ellipse { xf, .. } | LiveShape::Polygon { xf, .. } => {
+                *xf = a * *xf;
+                false
+            }
             LiveShape::Line { a: p, b } => {
                 *p = a * *p;
                 *b = a * *b;
+                false
             }
         }
     }
@@ -223,6 +259,14 @@ pub enum NodeKind {
         /// Layer clipping mask: the first (bottom-most) child clips the others, as in a clip group.
         #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "crate::skip::is_default")]
         clip: bool,
+        /// Layer Options → Preview: off, the layer's art is drawn (and clicked) in outline on screen
+        /// (Ctrl-click its eye in the Layers panel).
+        #[serde(default = "yes", skip_serializing_if = "crate::skip::is_true")]
+        preview: bool,
+        /// Layer Options → Dim Images to: on screen, images on the layer show faded to this
+        /// percentage (0–100); `None`: not dimmed.
+        #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        dim_images: Option<u8>,
     },
     /// A group. With `clip`, the first (bottom-most) child is the clipping path.
     Group {
@@ -412,7 +456,10 @@ impl Node {
         Self::new(id, NodeKind::Group { children, clip: false })
     }
     pub fn layer(id: NodeId, name: &str, color: LayerColor) -> Self {
-        let mut n = Self::new(id, NodeKind::Layer { color, template: false, printable: true, children: vec![], clip: false });
+        let mut n = Self::new(
+            id,
+            NodeKind::Layer { color, template: false, printable: true, children: vec![], clip: false, preview: true, dim_images: None },
+        );
         n.name = Some(name.to_string());
         n
     }
@@ -441,6 +488,30 @@ impl Node {
     pub fn is_layer(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(self.kind, NodeKind::Layer { .. })
     }
+    /// A template layer (Layer Options → Template).
+    pub fn is_template(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self.kind, NodeKind::Layer { template: true, .. })
+    }
+    /// The art objects of this container: its children, looking through sublayers, which are not
+    /// objects (bottom first). With `editable`, only the visible, unlocked objects in visible,
+    /// unlocked, non-template sublayers.
+    pub fn layer_art(&self, editable: bool) -> Vec<NodeId> {
+        fn visit(n: &Node, editable: bool, out: &mut Vec<NodeId>) {
+            for c in n.children().into_iter().flatten() {
+                if editable && (!c.visible || c.locked || c.is_template()) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if c.is_layer() {
+                    visit(c, editable, out);
+                } else {
+                    out.push(c.id);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        let mut out = vec![];
+        visit(self, editable, &mut out);
+        out
+    }
     pub fn is_container(&self) -> bool {
         self.children().is_some()
     }
@@ -613,11 +684,10 @@ impl Node {
             NodeKind::Path { path, live, .. } => {
                 path.transform(a);
                 if let Some(l) = live {
-                    l.transform(a);
-                    if sc.keep_corners
-                        && let Some(k) = k
-                        && l.keep_corners(k)
-                    {
+                    // A rectangle scaled unevenly keeps circular corners: its path is regenerated.
+                    let reshaped = l.transform(a);
+                    let kept = sc.keep_corners && k.is_some_and(|k| l.keep_corners(k));
+                    if reshaped || kept {
                         *path = l.to_path();
                     }
                 }
@@ -1135,6 +1205,113 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(l.label(), "Rectangle");
     }
 
+    /// A node holding a live rectangle (`w` × `h`, all radii `r`, placed by `xf`) and its path.
+    fn live_rect(w: f64, h: f64, r: f64, xf: Affine) -> Node {
+        let live = LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii: [r; 4], xf };
+        let mut n = Node::path(NodeId(1), live.to_path(), Appearance::default_art());
+        if let NodeKind::Path { live: slot, .. } = &mut n.kind {
+            *slot = Some(live);
+        }
+        n
+    }
+
+    fn live_of(n: &Node) -> (f64, f64, [f64; 4], Affine) {
+        let NodeKind::Path { live: Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, xf }), .. } = &n.kind else { panic!("not a live rectangle") };
+        (*w, *h, *radii, *xf)
+    }
+
+    fn near(a: f64, b: f64) -> bool {
+        (a - b).abs() < 1e-9
+    }
+
+    fn near_xf(a: Affine, b: Affine) -> bool {
+        a.as_coeffs().iter().zip(b.as_coeffs()).all(|(x, y)| near(*x, y))
+    }
+
+    /// Size and radius of a live rectangle, within rounding.
+    fn assert_live(n: &Node, w: f64, h: f64, r: f64) {
+        let (lw, lh, radii, _) = live_of(n);
+        assert!(near(lw, w) && near(lh, h) && radii.iter().all(|x| near(*x, r)), "{lw} × {lh} r {radii:?}, want {w} × {h} r {r}");
+    }
+
+    /// Each corner arc of a rounded rectangle's path, mapped by `back` (to undo a rotation),
+    /// spans `r` along x and y: the corner is a circular arc of radius `r`.
+    fn assert_round_corners(n: &Node, back: Affine, r: f64) {
+        let NodeKind::Path { path, .. } = &n.kind else { panic!("not a path") };
+        let a: Vec<Point> = path.subpaths[0].anchors.iter().map(|a| back * a.p).collect();
+        assert_eq!(a.len(), 8, "a rounded rectangle");
+        // Anchors 1→2, 3→4, 5→6 and 7→0 are the arcs.
+        for (i, j) in [(1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6), (7, 0)] {
+            let (x, y) = ((a[j].x - a[i].x).abs(), (a[j].y - a[i].y).abs());
+            assert!(near(x, r) && near(y, r), "corner spans {x} × {y}, want {r} × {r}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    const KEEP_CORNERS: Scaling = Scaling { strokes: false, effects: None, keep_type_strokes: false, keep_corners: true };
+
+    #[test]
+    fn uneven_scales_keep_live_corners_circular() {
+        // A 100 pt rounded square at (10, 10) stretched to 300 × 100 (#291).
+        let mut n = live_rect(100.0, 100.0, 20.0, Affine::translate((10.0, 10.0)));
+        let stretch = Affine::translate((10.0, 10.0)) * Affine::scale_non_uniform(3.0, 1.0) * Affine::translate((-10.0, -10.0));
+        n.transform(stretch, KEEP_CORNERS);
+        assert_live(&n, 300.0, 100.0, 20.0);
+        assert!(near_xf(live_of(&n).3, Affine::translate((10.0, 10.0))), "the scale went into the size");
+        let b = n.geometric_bounds().unwrap();
+        assert!(near(b.x0, 10.0) && near(b.y0, 10.0) && near(b.x1, 310.0) && near(b.y1, 110.0), "{b:?}");
+        assert_round_corners(&n, Affine::IDENTITY, 20.0);
+        // Scale Corners on: the radius scales by the mean scale, still circular.
+        let mut n = live_rect(100.0, 100.0, 20.0, Affine::IDENTITY);
+        n.transform(Affine::scale_non_uniform(4.0, 1.0), Scaling::default());
+        assert_live(&n, 400.0, 100.0, 40.0);
+        assert_round_corners(&n, Affine::IDENTITY, 40.0);
+        // Squashed below the radius, the short sides are fully round; stretched back, it returns.
+        n.transform(Affine::scale_non_uniform(1.0, 0.5), KEEP_CORNERS);
+        assert_round_corners(&n, Affine::IDENTITY, 25.0);
+        n.transform(Affine::scale_non_uniform(1.0, 2.0), KEEP_CORNERS);
+        assert_round_corners(&n, Affine::IDENTITY, 40.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rotated_and_reflected_live_rectangles_scale_along_their_own_sides() {
+        let place = Affine::translate((200.0, 100.0)) * Affine::rotate(30f64.to_radians());
+        let mut n = live_rect(100.0, 50.0, 10.0, place);
+        // Stretched along its own width, as a bounding-box drag of a rotated shape does.
+        n.transform(place * Affine::scale_non_uniform(2.0, 1.0) * place.inverse(), KEEP_CORNERS);
+        assert_live(&n, 200.0, 50.0, 10.0);
+        assert!(near_xf(live_of(&n).3, place));
+        assert_round_corners(&n, place.inverse(), 10.0);
+        // A reflection stays in `xf`; the corners stay as they were.
+        n.transform(Affine::scale_non_uniform(-1.0, 1.0), KEEP_CORNERS);
+        assert_live(&n, 200.0, 50.0, 10.0);
+        let xf = live_of(&n).3;
+        assert!(near(xf.determinant(), -1.0));
+        assert_round_corners(&n, xf.inverse(), 10.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn shears_and_moves_keep_the_old_transform() {
+        // Scaling a rotated rectangle along the page axes shears it: `xf` takes it all, as before.
+        let rot = Affine::rotate(30f64.to_radians());
+        let mut n = live_rect(100.0, 50.0, 10.0, rot);
+        let before = n.clone();
+        let a = Affine::scale_non_uniform(2.0, 1.0);
+        n.transform(a, Scaling::default());
+        assert_eq!(live_of(&n), (100.0, 50.0, [10.0; 4], a * rot));
+        let (NodeKind::Path { path, .. }, NodeKind::Path { path: old, .. }) = (&n.kind, &before.kind) else { panic!() };
+        assert_eq!(*path, old.transformed(a));
+        // A file saved with an uneven scale in `xf` keeps its exact geometry when moved...
+        let legacy = Affine::translate((5.0, 5.0)) * Affine::scale_non_uniform(2.0, 1.0);
+        let mut n = live_rect(100.0, 100.0, 20.0, legacy);
+        n.transform(Affine::translate((10.0, 0.0)), KEEP_CORNERS);
+        assert_eq!(live_of(&n), (100.0, 100.0, [20.0; 4], Affine::translate((10.0, 0.0)) * legacy));
+        // ...and once scaled, has document units and circular corners of its mean radius.
+        n.transform(Affine::scale(2.0), Scaling::default());
+        assert_live(&n, 400.0, 200.0, 20.0 * 2f64.sqrt() * 2.0);
+        assert!(near(live_of(&n).3.determinant(), 1.0));
+        assert_round_corners(&n, Affine::IDENTITY, 20.0 * 2f64.sqrt() * 2.0);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn default_transparency() {
         let p = || Node::path(NodeId(1), shapes::rectangle(Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0)), Appearance::default_art());

crates/doc/src/selection.rs

@@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ impl Selection {
         }
         self.slices.retain(|id| doc.is_slice(*id));
     }
-    /// Target `id` (see [`Selection::target`]): a layer gets its visible, unlocked art selected,
-    /// anything else is selected itself.
+    /// Target `id` (see [`Selection::target`]): a layer gets its visible, unlocked art selected
+    /// (the art of its sublayers too), anything else is selected itself.
     pub fn set_target(&mut self, doc: &Document, id: NodeId) {
         match doc.node(id) {
-            Some(n) if n.is_layer() => self.set(n.children().into_iter().flatten().filter(|c| c.visible && !c.locked).map(|c| c.id)),
+            Some(n) if n.is_layer() => self.set(n.layer_art(true)),
             _ => self.set([id]),
         }
         self.target = Some(id);

crates/doc/src/text.rs

@@ -2,12 +2,15 @@
 
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use vectorcraft_color::{Color, Paint};
-use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, PathData, Point, Rect};
+use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, PathData, Point, Rect, Vec2};
 
 use crate::appearance::{Appearance, AppearanceItem, Dash, FillLayer, LineCap, LineJoin, StrokeLayer};
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum Justify {
+    /// Align to the start of each paragraph's direction ([`ParaStyle::direction`]): left for
+    /// left-to-right paragraphs, right for right-to-left ones. New type's alignment.
+    Auto,
     #[default]
     Left,
     Center,
@@ -265,28 +268,183 @@ fn default_align_on() -> char {
 pub const DEFAULT_TAB_INTERVAL: f64 = 36.0;
 
 /// Paragraph attributes (the Paragraph panel).
+///
+/// Saved through [`ParaStyleFile`], which keeps files with text openable by builds from before
+/// [`Justify::Auto`].
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(from = "ParaStyleFile", into = "ParaStyleFile")]
 pub struct ParaStyle {
-    #[serde(default)]
     pub justify: Justify,
-    #[serde(default)]
     pub left_indent: f64,
-    #[serde(default)]
     pub right_indent: f64,
-    #[serde(default)]
     pub first_line_indent: f64,
-    #[serde(default)]
     pub space_before: f64,
-    #[serde(default)]
     pub space_after: f64,
-    #[serde(default)]
     pub hyphenate: bool,
     /// Tab stops (Tabs panel), sorted by position.
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
     pub tabs: Vec<TabStop>,
     /// Paragraph style (Paragraph Styles panel) these attributes come from; None = Normal.
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub style_name: Option<String>,
+    /// Japanese composition: the spacing of punctuation (Paragraph panel › Mojikumi). Type made
+    /// with the Type tools and `text.create` takes [`Mojikumi::LineEndHalf`]; documents from before
+    /// it and imported text (already set) keep [`Mojikumi::None`].
+    pub mojikumi: Mojikumi,
+    /// Paragraph direction (Paragraph panel): the base direction of each paragraph for
+    /// bidirectional text (UAX #9). None: from each paragraph's first strong character (Hebrew or
+    /// Arabic: right to left).
+    pub direction: Option<ParaDirection>,
+    /// How leading is measured (Paragraph panel menu): from baseline to baseline, or from the top
+    /// of one line's ideographic em box to the next.
+    pub leading_model: LeadingModel,
+}
+
+/// [`ParaStyle`] as saved. [`Justify::Auto`] is written as the alignment it has in the paragraph
+/// direction (`Right` for right to left, else `Left`) with `justify_auto` set: builds without Auto
+/// read the alignment and ignore the flag, and builds with it read Auto back.
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+struct ParaStyleFile {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    justify: Justify,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "crate::skip::is_default")]
+    justify_auto: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    left_indent: f64,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    right_indent: f64,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    first_line_indent: f64,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    space_before: f64,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    space_after: f64,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    hyphenate: bool,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    tabs: Vec<TabStop>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    style_name: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Mojikumi::is_none")]
+    mojikumi: Mojikumi,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    direction: Option<ParaDirection>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "crate::skip::is_default")]
+    leading_model: LeadingModel,
+}
+
+impl From<ParaStyle> for ParaStyleFile {
+    fn from(p: ParaStyle) -> Self {
+        let justify_auto = p.justify == Justify::Auto;
+        let justify = match p.justify {
+            Justify::Auto if p.direction == Some(ParaDirection::RightToLeft) => Justify::Right,
+            Justify::Auto => Justify::Left,
+            j => j,
+        };
+        let ParaStyle {
+            left_indent,
+            right_indent,
+            first_line_indent,
+            space_before,
+            space_after,
+            hyphenate,
+            tabs,
+            style_name,
+            mojikumi,
+            direction,
+            leading_model,
+            ..
+        } = p;
+        Self {
+            justify,
+            justify_auto,
+            left_indent,
+            right_indent,
+            first_line_indent,
+            space_before,
+            space_after,
+            hyphenate,
+            tabs,
+            style_name,
+            mojikumi,
+            direction,
+            leading_model,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<ParaStyleFile> for ParaStyle {
+    fn from(f: ParaStyleFile) -> Self {
+        let justify = if f.justify_auto { Justify::Auto } else { f.justify };
+        let ParaStyleFile {
+            left_indent,
+            right_indent,
+            first_line_indent,
+            space_before,
+            space_after,
+            hyphenate,
+            tabs,
+            style_name,
+            mojikumi,
+            direction,
+            leading_model,
+            ..
+        } = f;
+        Self {
+            justify,
+            left_indent,
+            right_indent,
+            first_line_indent,
+            space_before,
+            space_after,
+            hyphenate,
+            tabs,
+            style_name,
+            mojikumi,
+            direction,
+            leading_model,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A paragraph's base direction ([`ParaStyle::direction`]).
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum ParaDirection {
+    LeftToRight,
+    RightToLeft,
+}
+
+/// How a paragraph's leading is measured.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum LeadingModel {
+    /// From one line's baseline to the next's: a line's leading is the space above it, and area
+    /// type's first baseline follows Area Type Options › First Baseline.
+    #[default]
+    RomanBaseline,
+    /// From the top of one line's ideographic em box (the right side, in vertical type) to the
+    /// next's: a line's leading is the space below it, and area type's first line touches the top
+    /// of the frame. Japanese layout's usual model.
+    EmBoxTop,
+}
+
+/// How Japanese punctuation is spaced (JLREQ 3.1). Full-width punctuation is half a glyph and half
+/// a space: an opening bracket's space before it, a closing bracket's, a comma's or a full stop's
+/// after it.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum Mojikumi {
+    /// Every character takes its full advance.
+    #[default]
+    None,
+    /// Consecutive punctuation shares one half-em space (JLREQ 3.1.4), and a closing bracket,
+    /// comma or full stop ending a line is set half width.
+    LineEndHalf,
+}
+
+impl Mojikumi {
+    pub fn is_none(&self) -> bool {
+        *self == Mojikumi::None
+    }
 }
 
 /// Area Type Options "First Baseline" offset.
@@ -476,6 +634,49 @@ impl TextObject {
     pub fn transform(&mut self, a: Affine) {
         self.xf = a * self.xf;
     }
+    /// Area type's frame (the type area) in document space; None for other type.
+    pub fn area_frame(&self) -> Option<PathData> {
+        match &self.kind {
+            TextKind::Area { frame } => Some(frame.transformed(self.xf)),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+    /// Reshape area type's frame by `a`, a document-space transform, keeping the type at its size
+    /// (a bounding-box resize: the text reflows, it isn't scaled). False, changing nothing, for
+    /// other type, a degenerate `xf` or a frame that would not be finite.
+    pub fn transform_area(&mut self, a: Affine) -> bool {
+        let xf = self.xf;
+        self.reshape_area(|frame, to_text| {
+            frame.transform(to_text * a * xf);
+            true
+        })
+    }
+    /// Move anchors `refs` (subpath, anchor) of area type's frame by `d` in document space, with
+    /// their handles (a Direct Selection drag of a frame corner or edge). False, changing
+    /// nothing, when an anchor doesn't exist, or as [`Self::transform_area`].
+    pub fn move_area_anchors(&mut self, refs: &[(usize, usize)], d: Vec2) -> bool {
+        self.reshape_area(|frame, to_text| {
+            // A distance: only the linear part of the document → text map applies.
+            let local = to_text * d.to_point() - to_text * Point::ZERO;
+            refs.iter().all(|&(si, ai)| frame.anchor_mut(si, ai).map(|a| a.translate(local)).is_some())
+        })
+    }
+    /// Edit a copy of the area frame with `f` (given the document → text space map) and keep it
+    /// when `f` succeeds and the result is finite.
+    fn reshape_area(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut PathData, Affine) -> bool) -> bool {
+        let det = self.xf.determinant();
+        if !det.is_finite() || det.abs() < 1e-12 {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let to_text = self.xf.inverse();
+        let TextKind::Area { frame } = &mut self.kind else { return false };
+        let mut next = frame.clone();
+        if !f(&mut next, to_text) || !next.anchors().all(|(_, _, a)| a.p.is_finite() && a.h_in.is_finite() && a.h_out.is_finite()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        *frame = next;
+        true
+    }
     /// Scale the character strokes' weights and dashes by `s` (they are drawn in text space, so
     /// `1 / scale` keeps their weight through a transform that scales the type).
     pub fn scale_char_strokes(&mut self, s: f64) {
@@ -505,4 +706,90 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(b.x0 >= 10.0 - 1e-9 && b.y1 > 20.0);
         assert_eq!(CharStyle::default().effective_leading(), 14.399999999999999);
     }
+
+    /// 120 × 40 area type at (40, 40), its text drawn at twice its size.
+    fn area_type() -> TextObject {
+        let mut t = TextObject::point(Point::ZERO, "Some text", CharStyle::default());
+        t.kind = TextKind::Area { frame: vectorcraft_geom::shapes::rectangle(Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 60.0, 20.0)) };
+        t.xf = Affine::translate((40.0, 40.0)) * Affine::scale(2.0);
+        t
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn area_resizes_its_frame_and_keeps_its_type() {
+        let mut t = area_type();
+        assert_eq!(t.bounds(), Some(Rect::new(40.0, 40.0, 160.0, 80.0)));
+        // Bottom-right handle to (200, 140), about the top-left corner.
+        let o = Affine::translate((40.0, 40.0));
+        assert!(t.transform_area(o * Affine::scale_non_uniform(160.0 / 120.0, 100.0 / 40.0) * o.inverse()));
+        assert_eq!(t.xf, Affine::translate((40.0, 40.0)) * Affine::scale(2.0), "the type keeps its size");
+        let b = t.bounds().unwrap();
+        assert!((b.x1 - 200.0).abs() < 1e-9 && (b.y1 - 140.0).abs() < 1e-9 && b.x0 == 40.0, "{b:?}");
+        assert_eq!(t.area_frame().unwrap().bounds(), Some(b));
+        // Point type has no area; a degenerate transform or a non-finite frame changes nothing.
+        let mut p = TextObject::point(Point::ZERO, "x", CharStyle::default());
+        assert!(!p.transform_area(Affine::scale(2.0)) && p.area_frame().is_none());
+        let before = t.clone();
+        assert!(!t.transform_area(Affine::scale(f64::INFINITY)));
+        t.xf = Affine::scale(0.0);
+        assert!(!t.transform_area(Affine::scale(2.0)));
+        t.xf = before.xf;
+        assert_eq!(t, before);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn area_anchors_move_in_document_space() {
+        let mut t = area_type();
+        // The bottom-right corner (anchor 2) 20 pt right: 10 pt in text space at 2×.
+        assert!(t.move_area_anchors(&[(0, 2)], Vec2::new(20.0, 0.0)));
+        let TextKind::Area { frame } = &t.kind else { panic!() };
+        assert_eq!(frame.subpaths[0].anchors[2].p, Point::new(70.0, 20.0));
+        assert_eq!(frame.subpaths[0].anchors[1].p, Point::new(60.0, 0.0), "the others stay");
+        // A missing anchor changes nothing.
+        let before = t.clone();
+        assert!(!t.move_area_anchors(&[(0, 1), (0, 9)], Vec2::new(5.0, 5.0)));
+        assert!(!t.move_area_anchors(&[(3, 0)], Vec2::new(5.0, 5.0)));
+        assert_eq!(t, before);
+    }
+
+    /// Builds from before [`Justify::Auto`] read new type's alignment as Left or Right (and ignore
+    /// `justify_auto`); this build reads Auto back.
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_alignment_saves_readable_by_older_builds() {
+        #[derive(Deserialize, Debug, PartialEq)]
+        enum OldJustify {
+            Left,
+            Center,
+            Right,
+            JustifyLeft,
+            JustifyCenter,
+            JustifyRight,
+            JustifyAll,
+        }
+        #[derive(Deserialize)]
+        struct OldPara {
+            justify: OldJustify,
+        }
+        #[derive(Deserialize)]
+        struct OldText {
+            para: OldPara,
+        }
+        for (direction, physical) in
+            [(Some(ParaDirection::RightToLeft), OldJustify::Right), (Some(ParaDirection::LeftToRight), OldJustify::Left), (None, OldJustify::Left)]
+        {
+            let mut t = TextObject::point(Point::ZERO, "שלום", CharStyle::default());
+            t.para = ParaStyle { justify: Justify::Auto, direction, ..Default::default() };
+            let json = serde_json::to_string(&t).unwrap();
+            let old: OldText = serde_json::from_str(&json).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(old.para.justify, physical, "{json}");
+            assert_eq!(serde_json::from_str::<TextObject>(&json).unwrap(), t);
+        }
+        // Other alignments save as before, without the flag.
+        let p = ParaStyle { justify: Justify::Right, ..Default::default() };
+        let json = serde_json::to_string(&p).unwrap();
+        assert!(!json.contains("justify_auto"), "{json}");
+        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_str::<ParaStyle>(&json).unwrap(), p);
+        // Files from before the flag keep their alignment.
+        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_str::<ParaStyle>(r#"{"justify":"Center"}"#).unwrap().justify, Justify::Center);
+    }
 }

crates/engine/src/cmd/buildcmds.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_color::{Color, Paint};
 use vectorcraft_doc::appearance::{AppearanceItem, FillLayer, StrokeLayer};
 use vectorcraft_doc::{Appearance, Document, Node, NodeId, NodeKind, Selection};
-use vectorcraft_geom::{FillRule, PathData, Point, Rect, Shape as _};
+use vectorcraft_geom::{FillRule, Point, Rect, Shape as _};
 use vectorcraft_pathops as po;
 use vectorcraft_tools::builder::{
     self as b, EDGE_NAME, FACE_NAME, LIVE_PAINT_NAME, SOURCES_NAME, edge_near, face_at, is_live_paint, sample_polyline, shapes_for, sorted_roots,
@@ -205,52 +205,6 @@ fn stroke_only(paint: Paint, width: f64) -> Appearance {
     Appearance { items: vec![AppearanceItem::Stroke(StrokeLayer::new(paint, width))], ..Default::default() }
 }
 
-/// A point strictly inside a filled path (for re-finding faces after a rebuild).
-pub(crate) fn interior_point(path: &PathData) -> Option<Point> {
-    let bb = path.bounds()?;
-    let bp = path.to_bezpath();
-    let mut edges: Vec<(Point, Point)> = vec![];
-    let (mut first, mut last) = (Point::ZERO, Point::ZERO);
-    kurbo::flatten(bp.iter(), (bb.width().max(bb.height()) * 1e-3).max(1e-4), |el| match el {
-        kurbo::PathEl::MoveTo(p) => {
-            if last != first {
-                edges.push((last, first));
-            }
-            first = p;
-            last = p;
-        }
-        kurbo::PathEl::LineTo(p) => {
-            edges.push((last, p));
-            last = p;
-        }
-        kurbo::PathEl::ClosePath => {
-            if last != first {
-                edges.push((last, first));
-            }
-            last = first;
-        }
-        _ => {}
-    });
-    if last != first {
-        edges.push((last, first));
-    }
-    let mut best: Option<(f64, Point)> = None;
-    for f in [0.5, 0.25, 0.75, 0.125, 0.375, 0.625, 0.875, 0.0625, 0.9375] {
-        let y = bb.y0 + bb.height() * f;
-        let mut xs: Vec<f64> =
-            edges.iter().filter(|(a, c)| (a.y <= y) != (c.y <= y)).map(|(a, c)| a.x + (y - a.y) / (c.y - a.y) * (c.x - a.x)).collect();
-        xs.sort_by(f64::total_cmp);
-        for w in xs.windows(2) {
-            let m = Point::new((w[0] + w[1]) / 2.0, y);
-            let width = w[1] - w[0];
-            if width > best.map_or(0.0, |b| b.0) && bp.winding(m) != 0 {
-                best = Some((width, m));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    best.map(|b| b.1)
-}
-
 // ---------- Shape Builder ----------
 
 fn fill_param(s: &Session, p: &Value, cmd: &str) -> Result<Option<Paint>> {
@@ -395,7 +349,11 @@ fn build_children(d: &mut Document, sources: Vec<Arc<Node>>) -> Result<(Vec<Arc<
     src_group.name = Some(SOURCES_NAME.into());
     src_group.visible = false;
     children.push(Arc::new(src_group));
-    let regs = po::regions(&shapes);
+    // Every path is an edge, open ones included; faces are the areas they enclose.
+    let (regs, edges) = po::live_paint(&shapes);
+    if regs.is_empty() && edges.is_empty() {
+        return Err(EngineError::Other("Live Paint: these paths are too degenerate to paint".into()));
+    }
     let nfaces = regs.len();
     for r in regs {
         let id = d.alloc_id();
@@ -404,10 +362,9 @@ fn build_children(d: &mut Document, sources: Vec<Arc<Node>>) -> Result<(Vec<Arc<
         n.name = Some(FACE_NAME.into());
         children.push(Arc::new(n));
     }
-    let edges = po::pathfinder(po::PathfinderOp::Outline, &shapes);
     let nedges = edges.len();
     for e in edges {
-        let (_, stroke, w) = &styles[e.key as usize];
+        let Some((_, stroke, w)) = styles.get(e.key as usize) else { continue };
         let id = d.alloc_id();
         let mut n = Node::path(id, e.path, stroke_only(stroke.clone(), *w));
         n.name = Some(EDGE_NAME.into());
@@ -451,7 +408,7 @@ fn lp_merge(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
         let keep_faces: Vec<(Point, Paint)> = b::faces(&old)
             .iter()
             .filter(|f| !f.appearance.fill_paint().is_none())
-            .filter_map(|f| Some((interior_point(f.path_data()?)?, f.appearance.fill_paint())))
+            .filter_map(|f| Some((po::interior_point(f.path_data()?)?, f.appearance.fill_paint())))
             .collect();
         let keep_edges: Vec<(Point, Appearance)> = b::edges(&old)
             .iter()

crates/engine/src/cmd/create.rs

@@ -402,6 +402,7 @@ fn text_create(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let text = str_param(p, "text").unwrap_or("");
     let mut t = TextObject::point(Point::new(x, y), text, new_type_style(s, p));
     t.vertical = p.get("vertical").and_then(Value::as_bool).unwrap_or(false);
+    t.para = new_type_para();
     if let Some(a) = p.get("area") {
         let w = f64_or(a, "width", 200.0);
         let h = f64_or(a, "height", 100.0);
@@ -412,6 +413,13 @@ fn text_create(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     add_node(s, "Type", NodeKind::Text(Box::new(t)), Appearance::default(), None)
 }
 
+/// The paragraph attributes new type gets (the Type tools, `text.create`): aligned to the start of
+/// each paragraph's direction (left, right for Hebrew and Arabic), Japanese punctuation composed
+/// with Line-end Punctuation Half Width. Imported text keeps its own.
+pub(crate) fn new_type_para() -> vectorcraft_doc::ParaStyle {
+    vectorcraft_doc::ParaStyle { justify: vectorcraft_doc::Justify::Auto, mojikumi: vectorcraft_doc::Mojikumi::LineEndHalf, ..Default::default() }
+}
+
 /// The character style new type gets: `size`, `font`, `style` and `color` from `p`, else the
 /// defaults, filled with the current fill unless that is None or white (black then).
 pub(crate) fn new_type_style(s: &Session, p: &Value) -> CharStyle {

crates/engine/src/cmd/docmenu.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use std::collections::BTreeSet;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
-use vectorcraft_doc::{CharStyle, Guide, Node, NodeId, NodeKind, TextKind};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{CharStyle, Guide, Node, NodeId, NodeKind, SavedSelection, TextKind};
 
 use super::edit::selected_roots;
 use super::*;
@@ -93,15 +93,30 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Save Selection…",
             ["Select"],
             None,
-            "{name?} remember the current selection for this session (default name \"Selection N\") → {name}",
+            "{name?} save the current selection under a name, in the document (default \"Selection N\"; an existing name is replaced; at most 25, names up to 255 characters) → {name}",
             has_selection,
             save_selection
         ),
-        cmd!("select.recall", "Recall Selection", ["Select"], None, "{name} → {count}", has_doc, recall_selection),
-        cmd!("select.editSaved", "Edit Selection…", ["Select"], None, "{name, newName?: rename, delete?: bool}", has_doc, edit_saved),
+        cmd!(
+            "select.recall",
+            "Recall Selection",
+            ["Select"],
+            None,
+            "{name} select the objects of a saved selection (those since deleted are left out) → {count}",
+            has_saved_selection,
+            recall_selection
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "select.editSaved",
+            "Edit Selection…",
+            ["Select"],
+            None,
+            "{name, newName?: rename, delete?: bool} | {edits: [{name, newName?, delete?}…]} rename or delete saved selections, all in one undo step; names are those before the edit and must stay unique",
+            has_saved_selection,
+            edit_saved
+        ),
         cmd!(query "select.savedList", "Saved Selections", [], None, "{} → [name…] for the active document", has_doc, |s, _| {
-            let t = s.doc()?.title();
-            Ok(json!(s.menu.saved_selections.iter().filter(|x| x.0 == t).map(|x| x.1.clone()).collect::<Vec<_>>()))
+            Ok(json!(s.doc()?.doc.saved_selections.iter().map(|x| x.name.clone()).collect::<Vec<_>>()))
         }),
         cmd!(
             "view.guides.make",
@@ -259,43 +274,79 @@ fn direction_handles(s: &mut Session, _: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
 }
 
 fn save_selection(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    const C: &str = "select.save";
     let st = s.doc()?;
-    let title = st.title();
     let ids = st.selection.objects.clone();
-    let name = match str_param(p, "name").filter(|n| !n.trim().is_empty()) {
-        Some(n) => n.trim().to_string(),
-        None => {
-            let mut i = 1;
-            while s.menu.saved_selections.iter().any(|x| x.0 == title && x.1 == format!("Selection {i}")) {
-                i += 1;
-            }
-            format!("Selection {i}")
+    let saved = &st.doc.saved_selections;
+    let name = str_param(p, "name").and_then(SavedSelection::clean_name).unwrap_or_else(|| SavedSelection::default_name(saved));
+    let existing = saved.iter().position(|x| x.name == name);
+    if existing.is_none() && saved.len() >= SavedSelection::MAX {
+        return Err(bad(C, format!("a document keeps at most {} saved selections", SavedSelection::MAX)));
+    }
+    s.edit("Save Selection", |d, _| {
+        let entry = SavedSelection { name: name.clone(), objects: ids };
+        match existing.and_then(|i| d.saved_selections.get_mut(i)) {
+            Some(x) => *x = entry,
+            None => d.saved_selections.push(entry),
         }
-    };
-    s.menu.saved_selections.retain(|x| !(x.0 == title && x.1 == name));
-    s.menu.saved_selections.push((title, name.clone(), ids));
+        Ok(())
+    })?;
     Ok(json!({ "name": name }))
 }
 
-fn saved_index(s: &Session, p: &Value, cmd: &str) -> Result<usize> {
-    let name = str_param(p, "name").ok_or_else(|| bad(cmd, "missing name"))?;
-    let t = s.doc()?.title();
-    s.menu.saved_selections.iter().position(|x| x.0 == t && x.1 == name).ok_or_else(|| bad(cmd, format!("no saved selection `{name}`")))
-}
-
 fn recall_selection(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
-    let i = saved_index(s, p, "select.recall")?;
-    let ids = s.menu.saved_selections[i].2.clone();
+    const C: &str = "select.recall";
+    let name = str_param(p, "name").ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "missing name"))?;
+    let ids = s.doc()?.doc.saved_selections.iter().find(|x| x.name == name).map(|x| x.objects.clone());
+    let ids = ids.ok_or_else(|| bad(C, format!("no saved selection `{name}`")))?;
     s.select(|d, sel| sel.set(ids.into_iter().filter(|id| d.node(*id).is_some())))?;
     Ok(json!({ "count": s.doc()?.selection.len() }))
 }
 
+/// Recall and Edit Selection… need a document with at least one saved selection.
+fn has_saved_selection(s: &Session) -> std::result::Result<(), String> {
+    let st = s.active().ok_or("no document open")?;
+    if st.doc.saved_selections.is_empty() { Err("no saved selections".into()) } else { Ok(()) }
+}
+
 fn edit_saved(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
-    let i = saved_index(s, p, "select.editSaved")?;
-    if bool_or(p, "delete", false) {
-        s.menu.saved_selections.remove(i);
-    } else if let Some(n) = str_param(p, "newName").filter(|n| !n.trim().is_empty()) {
-        s.menu.saved_selections[i].1 = n.trim().to_string();
+    const C: &str = "select.editSaved";
+    let edits = match p.get("edits").and_then(Value::as_array) {
+        Some(list) => list.as_slice(),
+        None => std::slice::from_ref(p),
+    };
+    let before = s.doc()?.doc.saved_selections.clone();
+    // Edits name the selections as they are now, so they don't depend on each other's order.
+    let mut after: Vec<Option<SavedSelection>> = before.iter().cloned().map(Some).collect();
+    // Files may hold any number of saved selections: keep this linear.
+    let mut index = std::collections::HashMap::with_capacity(before.len());
+    for (i, x) in before.iter().enumerate() {
+        index.entry(x.name.as_str()).or_insert(i);
+    }
+    for e in edits {
+        let name = str_param(e, "name").ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "missing name"))?;
+        let i = *index.get(name).ok_or_else(|| bad(C, format!("no saved selection `{name}`")))?;
+        let Some(slot) = after.get_mut(i) else { continue };
+        if bool_or(e, "delete", false) {
+            *slot = None;
+        } else if let Some(n) = str_param(e, "newName").and_then(SavedSelection::clean_name)
+            && let Some(x) = slot
+        {
+            x.name = n;
+        }
+    }
+    let after: Vec<SavedSelection> = after.into_iter().flatten().collect();
+    let mut names = std::collections::HashSet::with_capacity(after.len());
+    for x in &after {
+        if !names.insert(x.name.as_str()) {
+            return Err(bad(C, format!("two saved selections would be named `{}`", x.name)));
+        }
+    }
+    if after != before {
+        s.edit("Edit Selection", |d, _| {
+            d.saved_selections = after;
+            Ok(())
+        })?;
     }
     ok()
 }

crates/engine/src/cmd/draw2.rs

@@ -45,6 +45,15 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             has_doc,
             remove_anchor
         ),
+        cmd!(
+            "path.removeAnchors",
+            "Remove Anchor Points",
+            ["Object", "Path"],
+            None,
+            "{} remove the direct-selected anchors without opening their paths, refitting the curve round each → {removedObjects}",
+            has_anchors,
+            remove_anchors
+        ),
         cmd!(
             "path.convertAnchor",
             "Convert Anchor Point",
@@ -592,66 +601,62 @@ fn remove_anchor(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let si = p.get("subpath").and_then(Value::as_u64).unwrap_or(0) as usize;
     let ai = usize_req(p, "anchor", C)?;
     let removed = s.edit("Delete Anchor Point", |d, sel| {
-        let path = path_mut(d, id)?;
-        let sp = path.subpaths.get_mut(si).ok_or_else(|| EngineError::Other("no such subpath".into()))?;
-        let n = sp.anchors.len();
-        if ai >= n {
+        let sp = path_mut(d, id)?.subpaths.get(si).ok_or_else(|| EngineError::Other("no such subpath".into()))?;
+        if ai >= sp.anchors.len() {
             return Err(EngineError::Other("no such anchor".into()));
         }
-        let interior = sp.closed || (ai > 0 && ai + 1 < n);
-        if interior && n >= 3 {
-            let (pi, ni) = ((ai + n - 1) % n, (ai + 1) % n);
-            let (prev, a, next) = (sp.anchors[pi], sp.anchors[ai], sp.anchors[ni]);
-            // Keep the outer tangents; stretch them to span both removed segments.
-            let l1 = prev.p.distance(a.p);
-            let l2 = a.p.distance(next.p);
-            let chord = prev.p.distance(next.p).max(1e-9);
-            let first_line = !prev.has_out() && !a.has_in();
-            let second_line = !a.has_out() && !next.has_in();
-            let (mut hout, mut hin) = (prev.h_out, next.h_in);
-            if !(first_line && second_line) {
-                // Curved: stretch the outer handles to span both segments; a straight side aims a
-                // third of the chord at the removed anchor.
-                hout = if prev.has_out() {
-                    prev.p + (prev.h_out - prev.p) * ((l1 + l2) / l1.max(1e-9)).min(3.0)
-                } else {
-                    prev.p + (a.p - prev.p) * (chord / 3.0 / l1.max(1e-9))
-                };
-                hin = if next.has_in() {
-                    next.p + (next.h_in - next.p) * ((l1 + l2) / l2.max(1e-9)).min(3.0)
-                } else {
-                    next.p + (a.p - next.p) * (chord / 3.0 / l2.max(1e-9))
-                };
-            }
-            sp.anchors[pi].h_out = hout;
-            sp.anchors[ni].h_in = hin;
-        }
-        sp.anchors.remove(ai);
-        if !sp.closed && !sp.anchors.is_empty() {
-            let (f, l) = (0, sp.anchors.len() - 1);
-            let a0 = sp.anchors[f].p;
-            sp.anchors[f].h_in = a0;
-            let al = sp.anchors[l].p;
-            sp.anchors[l].h_out = al;
-        }
-        if sp.anchors.len() < 3 {
-            sp.closed = sp.closed && sp.anchors.len() == 2 && sp.anchors.iter().any(|a| a.has_in() || a.has_out());
-        }
-        let empty = sp.anchors.len() < 2;
-        if empty {
-            path.subpaths.remove(si);
-        }
-        if path.is_empty() {
-            d.remove(id)?;
-            sel.clear();
-            return Ok(true);
-        }
-        sel.anchors.remove(&id);
-        Ok(false)
+        remove_anchors_of(d, sel, id, [(si, ai)])
     })?;
     Ok(json!({ "removedObject": removed }))
 }
 
+fn remove_anchors(s: &mut Session, _: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    let st = s.doc()?;
+    let jobs: Vec<(NodeId, Vec<(usize, usize)>)> = st
+        .selection
+        .anchors
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|(id, set)| !set.is_empty() && st.doc.node(**id).is_some_and(|n| matches!(n.kind, NodeKind::Path { .. })))
+        .map(|(id, set)| (*id, set.iter().copied().collect()))
+        .collect();
+    if jobs.is_empty() {
+        return Err(bad("path.removeAnchors", "direct-select anchor points of a path"));
+    }
+    let removed = s.edit("Remove Anchor Points", |d, sel| {
+        let mut removed = 0;
+        for (id, anchors) in jobs {
+            removed += usize::from(remove_anchors_of(d, sel, id, anchors)?);
+        }
+        Ok(removed)
+    })?;
+    Ok(json!({ "removedObjects": removed }))
+}
+
+/// Remove `anchors` (subpath, anchor) of path `id` without opening it, refitting the curve round
+/// each one; a subpath left with one anchor goes, and the path with its last subpath. True when
+/// the path went.
+fn remove_anchors_of(d: &mut Document, sel: &mut Selection, id: NodeId, anchors: impl IntoIterator<Item = (usize, usize)>) -> Result<bool> {
+    let mut anchors: Vec<(usize, usize)> = anchors.into_iter().collect();
+    // The last first, so the indexes still to come stay valid.
+    anchors.sort_unstable_by(|a, b| b.cmp(a));
+    anchors.dedup();
+    let path = path_mut(d, id)?;
+    for (si, ai) in anchors {
+        if let Some(sp) = path.subpaths.get_mut(si) {
+            po::remove_anchor(sp, ai);
+        }
+    }
+    path.subpaths.retain(|sp| sp.anchors.len() >= 2);
+    let gone = path.is_empty();
+    if gone {
+        d.remove(id)?;
+        sel.remove(id);
+    } else {
+        sel.anchors.remove(&id);
+    }
+    Ok(gone)
+}
+
 fn convert_anchor(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     const C: &str = "path.convertAnchor";
     let id = id_param(p, "id").ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "missing id"))?;

crates/engine/src/cmd/edit.rs

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
         cmd!("file.close", "Close", ["File"], Some("Cmd+W"), "{index?}", has_doc, file_close),
         cmd!("document.activate", "Activate Document", [], None, "{index}", always, doc_activate),
         cmd!(query "document.inspect", "Inspect Document", [], None, "{} → layer tree, artboards, selection, history", has_doc, |s, _| Ok(inspect::document(s))),
-        cmd!(query "document.node", "Inspect Object", [], None, "{id} → full object JSON", has_doc, doc_node),
+        cmd!(query "document.node", "Inspect Object", [], None, "{id, summary?: the compact document.inspect-style summary instead of the full object JSON} → one object", has_doc, doc_node),
         cmd!(query "document.json", "Document JSON", [], None, "{} → complete document model", has_doc, |s, _| Ok(serde_json::to_value(&*s.doc()?.doc).unwrap_or(Value::Null))),
         cmd!(
             "document.setUnits",
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ fn doc_activate(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
 fn doc_node(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let id = id_param(p, "id").ok_or_else(|| bad("document.node", "missing id"))?;
     let n = s.doc()?.doc.node(id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
-    Ok(serde_json::to_value(n).unwrap_or(Value::Null))
+    if bool_or(p, "summary", false) { Ok(inspect::node_summary(n)) } else { Ok(serde_json::to_value(n).unwrap_or(Value::Null)) }
 }
 
 /// Document Setup's units (also `document.setup {units}`).
@@ -116,10 +116,21 @@ fn set_units(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     ok()
 }
 
+/// A typing session in progress (the Type tool previews the whole session as one interaction).
+fn typing_in_progress(s: &Session) -> bool {
+    s.active().and_then(|d| d.interaction.as_ref()).is_some_and(|it| it.label == "Typing" && it.preview.is_some())
+}
+
 fn undo(s: &mut Session, _: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     // What is still in progress (typing, a drag) is the step to undo: keep it first, so Undo takes
     // back only that and Redo brings it back, instead of dropping it and undoing the step before.
+    // A typing session also ends in the Type tool, whose caret and marked text (IME) must follow
+    // the document.
+    let typing = typing_in_progress(s);
     s.commit_interaction()?;
+    if typing {
+        s.set_tool_option("endTyping", &Value::Bool(true));
+    }
     let st = s.doc_mut()?;
     let e = st.history.undo.pop().ok_or_else(|| EngineError::Other("nothing to undo".into()))?;
     let label = e.label.clone();

crates/engine/src/cmd/effectcmd.rs

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Apply Effect",
             [],
             None,
-            "{effect: id (see effect.list, e.g. \"stylize.dropShadow\", \"distort.roughen\", \"warp.arc\", or \"plugin.<id>\" for an installed effect plug-in), params?: {…} (missing keys take the dialog defaults), item?: appearance item index|null (apply to that fill/stroke only; omitted: the Appearance panel's active item, else the whole object), ids?: [..] (layers too), target?: \"object\"|\"contents\" (contents: the objects inside groups and layers)} append a live effect to each selected object's appearance (a group's or layer's apply to its members as one piece: one combined shadow) → {ids, index, item}",
+            "{effect: id (see effect.list, e.g. \"stylize.dropShadow\", \"distort.roughen\", \"warp.arc\", or \"plugin.<id>\" for an installed effect plug-in), params?: {…} (missing keys take the dialog defaults), item?: appearance item index|null (apply to that fill/stroke only; omitted: the Appearance panel's active item, else the whole object), ids?: [..] (layers too), target?: \"object\"|\"contents\" (contents: the objects inside groups and layers)} append a live effect to each selected object's appearance (a group's or layer's apply to its members as one piece: one combined shadow; a Pathfinder effect, which combines a group's contents, groups several loose selected objects first, in the same undo step) → {ids, index, item, grouped?}",
             has_doc,
             apply
         ),
@@ -130,6 +130,15 @@ pub(crate) fn apply(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     }
     let effect = effects::new_effect(id, &params).ok_or_else(|| bad(C, format!("unknown effect `{id}`")))?;
     let label = effects::effect_info(id).map(|e| e.label.trim_end_matches('…').to_string()).unwrap_or_default();
+    if let Some(loose) = loose_for_pathfinder(s, p, id)? {
+        let gid = s.edit(&label, |d, sel| {
+            let gid = super::object::group_nodes(d, &loose)?;
+            d.node_mut(gid).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(gid))?.appearance.effects.push(effect.clone());
+            sel.set([gid]);
+            Ok(gid)
+        })?;
+        return Ok(json!({ "ids": [gid.0], "index": 0, "item": null, "grouped": true }));
+    }
     let item = item_target(s, p, C)?;
     let mut index = 0;
     let ids = edit_effects(s, p, item, C, &label, "Apply Effect: select objects", |fx| {
@@ -143,6 +152,19 @@ pub(crate) fn apply(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     Ok(json!({ "ids": ids_json(&ids), "index": index, "item": landed }))
 }
 
+/// The selected objects a Pathfinder effect should group before it applies: it combines the
+/// contents of a group or layer, so on several loose objects (none a group) it would do nothing.
+/// `None` when the effect isn't one, objects are named (`ids`) or another target is asked for.
+fn loose_for_pathfinder(s: &Session, p: &Value, id: &str) -> Result<Option<Vec<NodeId>>> {
+    if !effects::is_pathfinder(id) || ["ids", "id", "item", "target"].iter().any(|k| p.get(k).is_some()) {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    let roots = super::appearance::subject_roots(s)?;
+    let d = &s.doc()?.doc;
+    let grouped = roots.iter().any(|r| d.node(*r).is_some_and(|n| matches!(n.kind, NodeKind::Group { clip: false, .. } | NodeKind::Layer { .. })));
+    Ok((roots.len() >= 2 && !grouped).then_some(roots))
+}
+
 fn list(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let catalog: Vec<Value> = effects::effect_catalog()
         .into_iter()
@@ -507,6 +529,34 @@ mod tests {
         assert!((b.x1 - 320.0).abs() < 1e-6, "{b:?}");
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn pathfinder_effect_on_loose_objects_groups_them_first() {
+        let (mut s, a) = session_with_rect();
+        let b = NodeId(s.execute("shape.rectangle", &json!({"x": 150, "y": 100, "width": 100, "height": 100})).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap());
+        s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [a.0, b.0]})).unwrap();
+        let r = s.execute("effect.apply", &json!({"effect": "pathfinder.add"})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(r["grouped"], true);
+        let g = NodeId(r["ids"][0].as_u64().unwrap());
+        let gn = node(&s, g);
+        assert_eq!(gn.children().unwrap().iter().map(|c| c.id).collect::<Vec<_>>(), [a, b], "stacking order kept");
+        assert!(vectorcraft_render::effects::has_pathfinder(&gn));
+        assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects, [g]);
+        // Live: one united shape, so expanding leaves a single path.
+        s.execute("effect.expandAppearance", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(node(&s, g).children().unwrap().len(), 1);
+        // Grouping and applying are one undo step.
+        s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        let d = &s.doc().unwrap().doc;
+        assert!(d.node(g).is_none());
+        assert!(d.node(a).is_some_and(|n| n.appearance.effects.is_empty()) && d.parent_of(a) == d.parent_of(b));
+        // A selection holding a group applies to each object as before; so does a single object.
+        s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [a.0]})).unwrap();
+        let r = s.execute("effect.apply", &json!({"effect": "pathfinder.add"})).unwrap();
+        assert!(r.get("grouped").is_none());
+        assert_eq!(node(&s, a).appearance.effects.len(), 1);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn pathfinder_effect_on_a_group_renders_live_and_expands() {
         let (mut s, a) = session_with_rect();

crates/engine/src/cmd/fileio/encode.rs

@@ -355,7 +355,8 @@ pub fn encode(doc: &Document, format: &str, p: &Value) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
 }
 
 /// Like [`encode`], also returning the encoder's warnings (PDF and SVG: options not applied yet,
-/// features approximated or left out; the other formats have none).
+/// features approximated or left out; every format that draws type: fonts written in the fallback
+/// font).
 pub fn encode_with_warnings(doc: &Document, format: &str, p: &Value) -> Result<(Vec<u8>, Vec<String>)> {
     let f = super::writable(C, Some(format), None)?;
     encode_all(doc, f.id, p)?.single(f)
@@ -364,6 +365,19 @@ pub fn encode_with_warnings(doc: &Document, format: &str, p: &Value) -> Result<(
 /// [`encode`], with every file the export writes.
 pub fn encode_all(doc: &Document, format: &str, p: &Value) -> Result<Encoded> {
     let f = super::writable(C, Some(format), None)?;
+    let mut enc = encode_files(doc, f, p)?;
+    // Formats that draw type: missing fonts come out in the fallback font (PDF and SVG say so
+    // themselves: SVG only when it outlines or embeds fonts).
+    if (f.raster || matches!(f.id, "eps" | "emf" | "wmf"))
+        && let Some(w) = crate::cmd::fonts::substitution_warning(doc)
+    {
+        enc.warnings.push(w);
+    }
+    Ok(enc)
+}
+
+/// [`encode_all`] without the font substitution warning.
+fn encode_files(doc: &Document, f: &Format, p: &Value) -> Result<Encoded> {
     let doc = &*doc.without_edit_modes();
     let n = doc.artboards.len();
     // SVG reads its own `useArtboards` (an SVG option).
@@ -374,7 +388,7 @@ pub fn encode_all(doc: &Document, format: &str, p: &Value) -> Result<Encoded> {
         if let Some(o) = q.as_object_mut() {
             o.remove("useArtboards");
         }
-        return encode_all(&single_artboard(doc, bounds, "Art"), f.id, &q);
+        return encode_files(&single_artboard(doc, bounds, "Art"), f, &q);
     }
     let bytes = match f.id {
         "vectorcraft" => super::native::encode(C, f, doc, p)?,

crates/engine/src/cmd/fileio/export.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use crate::DocState;
 
 use super::super::*;
 use super::encode::single_artboard;
-use super::{ARTBOARD_PARAMS, Format, default_name, encode, encode_all, merge, writable, write_encoded, write_or_return};
+use super::{ARTBOARD_PARAMS, Format, default_name, encode, encode_all, encode_with_warnings, merge, writable, write_encoded, write_or_return};
 
 pub(super) fn serialize(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let f = writable("document.serialize", Some(str_param(p, "format").unwrap_or("vectorcraft")), None)?;
@@ -151,8 +151,10 @@ pub(super) fn export_selection(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let expanded = expand_presets(s, C, p)?;
     let p = &*expanded;
     let (d, bounds) = selection(s, C)?;
-    let bytes = encode(&d, f.id, &without_artboards(p))?;
-    write_or_return(path, &bytes, json!({ "bounds": [bounds.x0, bounds.y0, bounds.width(), bounds.height()] }))
+    // The encoder's warnings (options accepted but not applied, features approximated or left
+    // out), as document.export reports them.
+    let (bytes, warnings) = encode_with_warnings(&d, f.id, &without_artboards(p))?;
+    write_or_return(path, &bytes, json!({ "format": f.id, "warnings": warnings, "bounds": [bounds.x0, bounds.y0, bounds.width(), bounds.height()] }))
 }
 
 /// File → Save for Office Documents: one artboard as a PNG at `ppi`, on white unless

crates/engine/src/cmd/fileio/load.rs

@@ -282,13 +282,15 @@ pub(super) fn new_from_template(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     open_template(s, src.name, &src.bytes, src.path)
 }
 
-/// Decode an image's header (and, for formats stored as PNG, its pixels).
+/// Decode an image's header (and, for formats stored as PNG, its pixels). CMYK TIFFs are kept as
+/// they are, with their ink amounts ([`ImageBlob::cmyk`]).
 pub fn raster_image(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<RasterImage> {
     let reader = image::ImageReader::new(Cursor::new(bytes)).with_guessed_format().map_err(err)?;
     let kind = reader.format().ok_or_else(|| err("not an image VectorCraft reads (see document.formats)"))?;
     let f = image_format(kind).ok_or_else(|| err(format!("{kind:?} images can't be opened (see document.formats)")))?;
     let ppi = super::ppi::resolution(bytes);
-    let (bytes, mime, (width, height)) = if matches!(f.id, "png" | "jpg" | "gif" | "webp") {
+    let cmyk = || ImageBlob::new(f.mime, bytes.to_vec()).cmyk().is_some();
+    let (bytes, mime, (width, height)) = if matches!(f.id, "png" | "jpg" | "gif" | "webp") || (f.id == "tiff" && cmyk()) {
         (bytes.to_vec(), f.mime, reader.into_dimensions().map_err(err)?)
     } else {
         let img = reader.decode().map_err(err)?.to_rgba8();

crates/engine/src/cmd/fileio/mod.rs

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Export Selection…",
             ["File"],
             None,
-            "{path?, format?: png|jpg|webp|svg|svgz|pdf (default: from the extension, else png), scale?: 1, …the format's options} the selected objects cropped to their bounds (template layers left out) → {path, bytes, bounds} (no path → {dataBase64, bounds})",
+            "{path?, format?: png|jpg|webp|svg|svgz|pdf (default: from the extension, else png), scale?: 1, …the format's options} the selected objects cropped to their bounds (template layers left out) → {path, format, bytes, warnings, bounds} (no path → {dataBase64, format, bytes, warnings, bounds}); warnings say what the format approximated or left out, as for document.export",
             has_selection,
             export::export_selection
         ),
@@ -581,6 +581,18 @@ pub const OPEN_EXTS: &[&str] = &[
     "eps",
 ];
 
+/// The extension that picks each writable format when exporting (the format's first; PNG-8 shares
+/// `.png` with PNG, so `.png` comes once), in [`FORMATS`] order.
+pub fn export_extensions() -> Vec<&'static str> {
+    let mut v: Vec<&'static str> = Vec::new();
+    for e in FORMATS.iter().filter(|f| f.write).filter_map(|f| f.extensions.first()) {
+        if !v.contains(e) {
+            v.push(e);
+        }
+    }
+    v
+}
+
 /// Text files: File → Place sets them as area type (Text Import Options).
 pub const TEXT_EXTS: &[&str] = &["txt"];
 

crates/engine/src/cmd/fileio/pdf.rs

@@ -276,6 +276,7 @@ pub(super) fn encode_carrying(cmd: &str, doc: &Document, p: &Value, native: impl
     }
     let r = super::super::rasterfx::export_pdf_with_report(flat.as_ref().unwrap_or(doc), &opts).map_err(|e| pdf_error(cmd, e))?;
     warnings.extend(r.warnings);
+    warnings.extend(crate::cmd::fonts::substitution_warning(doc));
     Ok((r.bytes, warnings))
 }
 

crates/engine/src/cmd/fileio/svg.rs

@@ -166,5 +166,11 @@ pub(super) fn encode(doc: &Document, p: &Value, compressed: bool) -> Result<Enco
         }
         enc.files.push((artboard, if compressed { vectorcraft_svg::compress_bytes(&bytes) } else { bytes }));
     }
+    // Live type names its fonts; outlines and embedded fonts are the fallback font's.
+    if (opts.outline_text || opts.embed_fonts)
+        && let Some(w) = crate::cmd::fonts::substitution_warning(doc)
+    {
+        enc.warnings.push(w);
+    }
     Ok(enc)
 }

crates/engine/src/cmd/fileio/tests.rs

@@ -103,6 +103,17 @@ fn webp_opens_at_its_pixel_size() {
     assert_eq!((r.width, r.height, r.blob.mime.as_str()), (3, 2, "image/webp"));
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn cmyk_tiffs_keep_their_inks_and_other_tiffs_become_png() {
+    let inks = vectorcraft_doc::cmyk::Inks::new(2, 1, vec![0, 102, 255, 0, 10, 20, 30, 40]).unwrap();
+    let tiff = vectorcraft_doc::ImageBlob::cmyk_tiff(&inks).unwrap();
+    let r = raster_image(&tiff.bytes).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((r.width, r.height, r.blob.mime.as_str()), (2, 1, "image/tiff"));
+    assert_eq!(r.blob.cmyk(), Some(inks));
+    let rgb = raster_image(&image_bytes(2, 1, image::ImageFormat::Tiff)).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(rgb.blob.mime, "image/png");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn content_beats_a_wrong_extension() {
     let png = image_bytes(2, 2, image::ImageFormat::Png);
@@ -150,6 +161,39 @@ fn open_exts_cover_every_readable_format() {
     assert_eq!(filters.last(), Some(&("Plug-ins", crate::cmd::plugin::EXTS)), "File › Open installs plug-ins");
 }
 
+/// The extensions usage texts list for export: one per writable format, each picking that format
+/// (`.png` picks PNG; PNG-8 is asked for by `format`).
+#[test]
+fn export_extensions_name_every_writable_format() {
+    let exts = export_extensions();
+    assert_eq!(
+        exts,
+        [
+            "vectorcraft",
+            "svg",
+            "svgz",
+            "pdf",
+            "png",
+            "jpg",
+            "gif",
+            "webp",
+            "tif",
+            "bmp",
+            "vctemplate",
+            "txt",
+            "dxf",
+            "eps",
+            "emf",
+            "wmf",
+            "tga",
+            "psd"
+        ]
+    );
+    for e in exts {
+        assert!(format_for_name(&format!("x.{e}")).is_some_and(|f| f.write), "{e}");
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn formats_query_lists_readers_writers_and_options() {
     let mut s = Session::new();

crates/engine/src/cmd/fileio/tests_pdffidelity.rs

@@ -67,3 +67,40 @@ fn load_options_read_text_and_layers() {
     let d = LoadOptions::default();
     assert_eq!((d.text_as, d.layers, d.is_partial()), (TextAs::Text, true, false));
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn exports_that_draw_type_in_a_missing_font_say_it_is_the_fallback_font() {
+    let page = PdfPage {
+        resources: "/Font << /F1 << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Zyxwvu-Serif >> >>".into(),
+        ..PdfPage::new(200.0, 100.0, "BT /F1 12 Tf 10 50 Td (Hello) Tj ET")
+    };
+    let mut s = Session::new();
+    let r = open(&mut s, &pdf(&[page], None), json!({})).unwrap();
+    let fonts = s.execute("text.fonts", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let family = fonts[0]["family"].as_str().unwrap().to_string();
+    assert_eq!(fonts[0]["status"], "missing", "{fonts}");
+    assert!(r["warnings"].to_string().contains(&family), "opening lists it: {r}");
+    let warned = |s: &mut Session, p: Value| {
+        let w = s.execute("document.serialize", &p).unwrap()["warnings"].to_string();
+        w.contains(&family) && w.contains(vectorcraft_text::FALLBACK_FAMILY)
+    };
+    for p in [
+        json!({"format": "pdf"}),
+        json!({"format": "pdf", "advanced": {"outlineText": false}}),
+        json!({"format": "png"}),
+        json!({"format": "eps"}),
+        json!({"format": "emf"}),
+        json!({"format": "svg", "outlineText": true}),
+        json!({"format": "svg", "embedFonts": true}),
+    ] {
+        assert!(warned(&mut s, p.clone()), "{p}");
+    }
+    // Live SVG type and the native file name the font itself.
+    for p in [json!({"format": "svg", "outlineText": false}), json!({"format": "vectorcraft"}), json!({"format": "txt"})] {
+        assert!(!warned(&mut s, p.clone()), "{p}");
+    }
+    let pdf_export = s.execute("document.exportPdf", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert!(pdf_export["warnings"].to_string().contains(&family), "{pdf_export}");
+    s.execute("text.replaceFont", &json!({"from": {"family": family}, "to": {"family": "Source Serif 4"}})).unwrap();
+    assert!(!warned(&mut s, json!({"format": "pdf"})), "replaced: nothing is substituted");
+}

crates/engine/src/cmd/fonts.rs

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 //! another everywhere or in the selection, and selecting the text that uses a font. Also the fonts
 //! available (the bundled and installed ones) and rescanning the installed fonts.
 
-use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
-use vectorcraft_doc::{Document, NodeId, NodeKind};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{Document, Node, NodeId, NodeKind};
 
 use super::typecmd::refresh_bounds;
 use super::*;
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Fonts in Document",
             [],
             None,
-            "{selectionOnly?} → [{family, style, runs, objects, missing}] sorted by name",
+            "{selectionOnly?} → [{family, style, runs, objects, missing, status: exact|substitute|missing, resolved: {family, style}, missingGlyphs}] sorted by name. A font is found by any of its names (ヒラギノ角ゴシック = Hiragino Sans) among the loaded and installed fonts; substitute: the family is there but not the style (resolved names the stand-in); missing: the family is unknown (the fallback family stands in); missingGlyphs: characters of its text the resolved font lacks (drawn by a fallback font)",
             has_doc,
             fonts
         ),
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Replace Font",
             [],
             None,
-            "{from: {family, style?}, to: {family, style?}, selectionOnly?} (style omitted: every style of the family / keep the closest style) → {runs}",
+            "{from: {family, style?}, to: {family (any of its names; stored as the font's own family name), style?}, selectionOnly?} (style omitted: every style of the family / keep the closest style) → {runs}",
             has_doc,
             replace
         ),
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Font List",
             [],
             None,
-            "{family?} → {families: [names]} sorted: the bundled fonts, fonts added and the fonts installed on the system (none on the web); with family: {family, styles: [names]} (upright styles by weight, then italics; an error when the family isn't available)",
+            "{family?} → {families: [names]} sorted: the bundled fonts, fonts added and the fonts installed on the system (none on the web), as the font menus list them (without the system's hidden families, whose names start with a dot; they still resolve by name); with family: {family, styles: [names]} (upright styles by weight, then italics; an error when the family isn't available)",
             always,
             font_list
         ),
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Refresh Font List",
             [],
             None,
-            "{} scan the system font folders again, for fonts installed or removed since the app started; text in a font that became available redraws in it (no fonts are installed on the web) → {families, faces} (families available, installed faces found)",
+            "{} scan the system font folders again, for fonts installed or removed since the app started; text in a font that became available redraws in it (no fonts are installed on the web) → {families, faces} (families listed, installed faces found)",
             always,
             rescan
         ),
@@ -85,6 +85,41 @@ fn scope(s: &Session, selection_only: bool) -> Result<Vec<NodeId>> {
     Ok(v)
 }
 
+/// The fonts (family, style) of the type in the layers and symbols of `d`.
+pub(super) fn used_fonts(d: &Document) -> BTreeSet<(String, String)> {
+    let mut fonts = BTreeSet::new();
+    let mut add = |n: &Node| {
+        if let NodeKind::Text(t) = &n.kind {
+            fonts.extend(t.runs.iter().map(|r| (r.style.font_family.clone(), r.style.font_style.clone())));
+        }
+    };
+    d.walk(&mut add);
+    for s in &d.symbols {
+        s.art.walk(&mut add);
+    }
+    fonts
+}
+
+/// What an export that draws type (as outlines, embedded fonts or pixels) says when `d` uses font
+/// families that aren't available: their type is drawn in the fallback font, not the font it names.
+pub(super) fn substitution_warning(d: &Document) -> Option<String> {
+    let db = vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global();
+    let mut missing: Vec<String> = used_fonts(d)
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter(|(family, style)| db.resolve(family, style).is_none_or(|(_, m)| m == vectorcraft_text::FontMatch::Missing))
+        .map(|(family, _)| family)
+        .collect();
+    // Sorted by family: its styles are neighbours.
+    missing.dedup();
+    (!missing.is_empty()).then(|| {
+        format!(
+            "fonts that aren't available were written in the fallback font, {}: {} (install them, or replace them with Find Font)",
+            vectorcraft_text::FALLBACK_FAMILY,
+            missing.join(", ")
+        )
+    })
+}
+
 fn text(d: &Document, id: NodeId) -> Option<&vectorcraft_doc::TextObject> {
     match d.node(id).map(|n| &n.kind) {
         Some(NodeKind::Text(t)) => Some(t),
@@ -96,12 +131,12 @@ fn fonts(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let ids = scope(s, bool_or(p, "selectionOnly", false))?;
     let d = &s.doc()?.doc;
     let db = vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global();
-    let families = db.families();
-    let mut found: BTreeMap<(String, String), (usize, Vec<NodeId>)> = BTreeMap::new();
+    let mut found: BTreeMap<(String, String), (usize, Vec<NodeId>, String)> = BTreeMap::new();
     for id in ids {
         for r in text(d, id).map(|t| t.runs.as_slice()).unwrap_or_default() {
             let e = found.entry((r.style.font_family.clone(), r.style.font_style.clone())).or_default();
             e.0 += 1;
+            e.2.push_str(&r.text);
             if !e.1.contains(&id) {
                 e.1.push(id);
             }
@@ -109,10 +144,20 @@ fn fonts(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     }
     let list: Vec<Value> = found
         .into_iter()
-        .map(|((family, style), (runs, objects))| {
-            let have_family = families.iter().any(|f| f.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&family));
-            let missing = !have_family || !db.styles(&family).iter().any(|st| st.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&style));
-            json!({ "family": family, "style": style, "runs": runs, "objects": objects.len(), "missing": missing })
+        .map(|((family, style), (runs, objects, chars))| {
+            let resolved = db.resolve(&family, &style);
+            let status = resolved.as_ref().map(|(_, m)| *m).unwrap_or(vectorcraft_text::FontMatch::Missing);
+            let mut lacking: Vec<char> = chars.chars().filter(|c| !c.is_whitespace() && !c.is_control()).collect();
+            lacking.sort_unstable();
+            lacking.dedup();
+            lacking.retain(|c| !resolved.as_ref().is_some_and(|(f, _)| f.covers(*c)));
+            json!({
+                "family": family, "style": style, "runs": runs, "objects": objects.len(),
+                "missing": status == vectorcraft_text::FontMatch::Missing,
+                "status": status.as_str(),
+                "resolved": resolved.as_ref().map(|(f, _)| json!({ "family": f.family, "style": f.style })),
+                "missingGlyphs": lacking.len(),
+            })
         })
         .collect();
     Ok(json!(list))
@@ -130,9 +175,11 @@ fn replace(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let (ff, fs) = font_param(p, "from", C)?;
     let (tf, ts) = font_param(p, "to", C)?;
     let db = vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global();
-    if !db.families().iter().any(|f| f.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&tf)) {
-        return Err(bad(C, format!("font family `{tf}` is not available")));
-    }
+    // Any name of the family (ヒラギノ角ゴシック) is stored as its own name (Hiragino Sans).
+    let tf = match db.resolve(&tf, ts.as_deref().unwrap_or("Regular")) {
+        Some((f, m)) if m != vectorcraft_text::FontMatch::Missing => f.family.clone(),
+        _ => return Err(bad(C, format!("font family `{tf}` is not available"))),
+    };
     let ids = scope(s, bool_or(p, "selectionOnly", false))?;
     let matches = |st: &vectorcraft_doc::CharStyle| {
         st.font_family.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&ff) && fs.as_ref().is_none_or(|x| st.font_style.eq_ignore_ascii_case(x))
@@ -196,7 +243,7 @@ fn font_list(_: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
             let name = db.family_list().iter().find(|f| f.eq_ignore_ascii_case(family)).cloned().unwrap_or_else(|| family.to_string());
             Ok(json!({ "family": name, "styles": db.styles(family) }))
         }
-        None => Ok(json!({ "families": *db.family_list() })),
+        None => Ok(json!({ "families": *db.menu_family_list() })),
     }
 }
 
@@ -229,7 +276,7 @@ fn rescan(s: &mut Session, _: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
         }
         d.revision += 1;
     }
-    Ok(json!({ "families": db.family_list().len(), "faces": faces }))
+    Ok(json!({ "families": db.menu_family_list().len(), "faces": faces }))
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -261,6 +308,41 @@ mod tests {
 mod open_tests {
     use super::*;
 
+    #[test]
+    fn list_says_how_each_font_resolved() {
+        let mut s = Session::new();
+        s.execute("file.new", &json!({"width": 200, "height": 200})).unwrap();
+        // "Black Wide" is a style no Source Sans 3 has, bundled or installed, so it is always a
+        // substitute (the installed family can hold a real Black).
+        for (text, font, style) in
+            [("Exact", "Source Sans 3", "Semibold"), ("Closest", "Source Sans 3", "Black Wide"), ("Gone", "No Such Font Family", "Regular")]
+        {
+            s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 20, "text": text, "font": font, "style": style})).unwrap();
+        }
+        let list = s.execute("text.fonts", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        let rows: Vec<(String, String, String, String)> = list
+            .as_array()
+            .unwrap()
+            .iter()
+            .map(|f| {
+                (
+                    f["style"].as_str().unwrap().into(),
+                    f["status"].as_str().unwrap().into(),
+                    f["resolved"]["family"].as_str().unwrap().into(),
+                    f["resolved"]["style"].as_str().unwrap().into(),
+                )
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let row = |style: &str| rows.iter().find(|r| r.0 == style).cloned().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(row("Semibold").1, "exact");
+        assert_eq!(row("Black Wide").1, "substitute", "{rows:?}");
+        assert_eq!(row("Black Wide").2, "Source Sans 3");
+        assert_eq!((row("Regular").1.as_str(), row("Regular").2.as_str()), ("missing", vectorcraft_text::FALLBACK_FAMILY));
+        s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 90, "text": "Ab 雅楽", "font": "Inter"})).unwrap();
+        let inter = s.execute("text.fonts", &json!({})).unwrap().as_array().unwrap().iter().find(|f| f["family"] == "Inter").cloned().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(inter["missingGlyphs"], 2, "雅 and 楽 come from a fallback font: {inter}");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn opened_documents_have_exact_text_bounds() {
         let mut s = Session::new();

crates/engine/src/cmd/layer.rs

@@ -1,31 +1,125 @@
 //! Layers panel, artboards.
+//!
+//! The Layers panel works on rows: layers, sublayers, groups and objects. Clicking a row makes it
+//! the highlighted row (`layer.setCurrent`; Shift and Ctrl change several, `layer.highlight`) and
+//! its layer the current one, where new art goes. Panel commands without `ids` act on the
+//! highlighted rows, else on the current layer. More panel-menu operations live in
+//! [`super::layerpanel`].
+
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
-use vectorcraft_doc::{Artboard, LayerColor, NodeId, NodeKind};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{Artboard, Document, LAYER_COLORS, LayerColor, Node, NodeId, NodeKind};
 use vectorcraft_geom::Rect;
 
 use super::*;
 use crate::EngineError;
 
+/// Most rows one panel command takes (ids are untrusted input).
+pub(crate) const MAX_ROWS: usize = 100_000;
+
 pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
     vec![
-        cmd!("layer.new", "New Layer…", ["Window", "Layers"], Some("Cmd+L"), "{name?} → {id} (above the current layer)", has_doc, new_layer),
-        cmd!("layer.newSublayer", "New Sublayer…", ["Window", "Layers"], None, "{parent?: id, name?} → {id}", has_doc, new_sublayer),
-        cmd!("layer.delete", "Delete Layer", ["Window", "Layers"], None, "{id?} (default: current layer)", has_doc, delete_layer),
-        cmd!("layer.duplicate", "Duplicate Layer", ["Window", "Layers"], None, "{id?}", has_doc, duplicate_layer),
-        cmd!("layer.setCurrent", "Set Current Layer", [], None, "{id}", has_doc, set_current),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.new",
+            "New Layer…",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            Some("Cmd+L"),
+            "{name?, top?: bool, color?, template?, locked?, visible?, printable?, preview?, dimImages?} a layer directly above the current layer, at its level (a sublayer beside a current sublayer); `top`: above all layers (Ctrl-click the button). Options as layer.setProps → {id}",
+            has_doc,
+            new_layer
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.newSublayer",
+            "New Sublayer…",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{parent?: layer id (default: the highlighted row's layer, else the current layer), name?, options as layer.new} a sublayer on top of the parent's contents → {id}",
+            has_doc,
+            new_sublayer
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.delete",
+            "Delete Selection",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{ids?|id?} delete rows: layers, sublayers, groups or objects with what they hold (default: the highlighted rows, else the current layer). The last layer stays → {deleted}",
+            has_doc,
+            delete_rows
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.duplicate",
+            "Duplicate Selection",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{ids?|id?} copy rows (default: the highlighted rows, else the current layer), each just above its original; a layer's copy is named `<name> copy`. The copies are highlighted → {ids}",
+            has_doc,
+            duplicate_rows
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.setCurrent",
+            "Set Current Layer",
+            [],
+            None,
+            "{id} click a row: it alone is highlighted, and the layer it is (or the layer it is in) becomes the current layer, where new art goes. Not an undo step → {id, layer}",
+            has_doc,
+            set_current
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.highlight",
+            "Highlight Rows",
+            [],
+            None,
+            "{ids, mode?: \"set\"|\"add\"|\"toggle\"} highlight Layers panel rows (Shift-click: a range, Ctrl-click: toggle one); the last one's layer becomes current. Not an undo step → {rows}",
+            has_doc,
+            highlight
+        ),
         cmd!(
             "layer.setProps",
             "Layer Options…",
             ["Window", "Layers"],
             None,
-            "{id, name?, visible?, locked?, template?, printable?, color?: index 0..26}",
+            "{ids?|id? (default: the highlighted rows, else the current layer), name?, visible?, locked?, template?, printable?, preview?, dimImages?: 0..100|false, color?: index 0..26|\"#rrggbb\"|preset name} Layer Options; rows that are not layers take name, visible and locked. Template on also locks the layer and dims its images to 50% (unless given); off unlocks it and stops dimming. One undo step",
             has_doc,
             set_props
         ),
-        cmd!("layer.collectInNew", "Collect in New Layer", ["Window", "Layers"], None, "{}", has_selection, collect),
-        cmd!("layer.selectAll", "Select All Art on Layer", [], None, "{id}", has_doc, select_all_on),
-        cmd!("node.move", "Reorder", [], None, "{id, parent?: id (null = top level), index} drag-reorder in the Layers panel", has_doc, move_node),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.collectInNew",
+            "Collect in New Layer",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{ids?} move rows (default: the highlighted rows, else the selected objects) into a new layer where the topmost of them was (a sublayer when they are in a layer) → {id}",
+            has_doc,
+            collect
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.selectAll",
+            "Select Art",
+            [],
+            None,
+            "{id, add?: bool} the Layers panel's selection column: select the visible, unlocked art of a layer (its sublayers' too), or the object itself; `add` (Shift-click) adds it to the selection, or removes it when it is all selected already → {selected: [..]}",
+            has_doc,
+            select_art
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.move",
+            "Move Rows",
+            [],
+            None,
+            "{ids, target, place?: \"above\"|\"below\"|\"inside\" (default inside), copy?: bool} drag rows in the Layers panel: above or below the target row (beside it, in its layer or group), or inside a layer or group (on top of its contents). Layers go only in layers or at the top level, objects in layers and groups; an object placed beside a top-level layer goes inside it. A row never goes into itself; a locked layer or group takes nothing. `copy` (Alt-drag) moves copies. One undo step → {ids}",
+            has_doc,
+            move_rows
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "node.move",
+            "Reorder",
+            [],
+            None,
+            "{id, parent?: id (null = top level), index} put a row at `index` (0 = bottom) of `parent` (layers only at the top level or in layers)",
+            has_doc,
+            move_node
+        ),
         cmd!(
             "artboard.new",
             "New Artboard",
@@ -52,7 +146,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Make/Release Clipping Mask",
             ["Window", "Layers"],
             None,
-            "{id?: layer or group (default: the one selected group, else the current layer)} make: its top object (a path, compound path or text, which loses its paint) clips the rest and moves to the bottom (new art added on top is clipped); release: it stops clipping, the clipping path stays unpainted → {clip}",
+            "{id?: layer or group (default: the one highlighted layer or group row, else the one selected group, else the current layer)} make: its top object (a path, compound path or text, which loses its paint) clips the rest and moves to the bottom (new art added on top is clipped); release: it stops clipping, the clipping path stays unpainted → {clip}",
             has_doc,
             clip_toggle
         ),
@@ -61,7 +155,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Target",
             [],
             None,
-            "{id} target a layer, group or object as clicking its target circle in the Layers panel does: a layer gets its visible, unlocked art selected and becomes the current layer, and appearance.*, effect.*, transparency.* and the opacity-mask commands without `ids` then act on the layer itself; anything else is selected. Any other selection change ends the targeting (`document.inspect` → target) → {id, selected: [..]}",
+            "{id} target a layer, group or object as clicking its target circle in the Layers panel does: a layer gets its visible, unlocked art (its sublayers' too) selected and becomes the current layer, and appearance.*, effect.*, transparency.* and the opacity-mask commands without `ids` then act on the layer itself; anything else is selected. Any other selection change ends the targeting (`document.inspect` → target) → {id, selected: [..]}",
             has_doc,
             target
         ),
@@ -77,6 +171,165 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
     ]
 }
 
+/// The rows a panel command acts on: `ids` or `id`, else the highlighted rows, else the current
+/// layer (capped at [`MAX_ROWS`]).
+pub(crate) fn rows_param(s: &Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Vec<NodeId>> {
+    let mut ids = match (ids_param(p, "ids"), id_param(p, "id")) {
+        (Some(ids), _) => ids,
+        (None, Some(id)) => vec![id],
+        (None, None) => {
+            let st = s.doc()?;
+            let rows = st.highlighted_rows();
+            if rows.is_empty() { st.current_layer().into_iter().collect() } else { rows }
+        }
+    };
+    ids.truncate(MAX_ROWS);
+    Ok(ids)
+}
+
+/// `ids` that exist, without repeats or rows inside another listed row, in paint order (bottom
+/// first).
+pub(crate) fn row_roots(d: &Document, ids: &[NodeId]) -> Vec<NodeId> {
+    let set: HashSet<NodeId> = ids.iter().copied().filter(|i| d.node(*i).is_some()).collect();
+    let keep: Vec<NodeId> = set
+        .iter()
+        .copied()
+        .filter(|id| d.ancestry(*id).is_some_and(|a| a.split_last().is_none_or(|(_, above)| !above.iter().any(|x| set.contains(x)))))
+        .collect();
+    d.paint_order(keep)
+}
+
+/// Whether `parent` (None: the top level) can hold `n`: layers go at the top level or in layers,
+/// anything else in layers and groups.
+pub(crate) fn accepts(d: &Document, parent: Option<NodeId>, n: &Node) -> bool {
+    match parent {
+        None => n.is_layer(),
+        Some(p) => match d.node(p).map(|x| &x.kind) {
+            Some(NodeKind::Layer { .. }) => true,
+            Some(NodeKind::Group { .. }) => !n.is_layer(),
+            _ => false,
+        },
+    }
+}
+
+/// Whether `id` or a container around it is locked.
+fn locked_within(d: &Document, id: NodeId) -> bool {
+    d.ancestry(id).unwrap_or_default().iter().any(|a| d.node(*a).is_some_and(|n| n.locked))
+}
+
+/// Every layer and sublayer, depth first.
+fn all_layers(d: &Document) -> Vec<&Node> {
+    let mut out = vec![];
+    d.walk(|n| {
+        if n.is_layer() {
+            out.push(n);
+        }
+    });
+    out
+}
+
+/// A new layer named `name` (default: the next `Layer N`) in the next layer colour.
+pub(crate) fn make_layer(d: &mut Document, name: Option<&str>) -> Node {
+    let n = all_layers(d).len();
+    let name = name.map(str::to_string).unwrap_or_else(|| d.next_layer_name());
+    let id = d.alloc_id();
+    Node::layer(id, &name, LayerColor::Preset((n % LAYER_COLORS.len()) as u8))
+}
+
+/// A layer colour: a preset index (0–26), `#rrggbb` or a preset's name (any case).
+fn layer_color_param(v: &Value) -> std::result::Result<LayerColor, String> {
+    match v {
+        Value::Number(n) => match n.as_u64() {
+            Some(i) if (i as usize) < LAYER_COLORS.len() => Ok(LayerColor::Preset(i as u8)),
+            _ => Err(format!("a colour index is 0 to {}, not {n}", LAYER_COLORS.len() - 1)),
+        },
+        Value::String(s) => {
+            if let Some(i) = LAYER_COLORS.iter().position(|(name, _)| name.eq_ignore_ascii_case(s.trim())) {
+                return Ok(LayerColor::Preset(i as u8));
+            }
+            let c = vectorcraft_color::Color::from_hex(s).ok_or_else(|| format!("`{s}` is not a colour (#rrggbb or a preset name)"))?;
+            let [r, g, b, _] = c.to_rgba8(1.0);
+            Ok(LayerColor::Custom([r, g, b]))
+        }
+        _ => Err(format!("a colour is an index, #rrggbb or a preset name, not {v}")),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Layer Options in `p` applied to layer or row `n` (validated first by [`check_options`]).
+fn apply_options(n: &mut Node, p: &Value) {
+    if let Some(v) = str_param(p, "name") {
+        if v.trim().is_empty() {
+            // A layer keeps a name; an object goes back to its generated `<Kind>` one.
+            if !n.is_layer() {
+                n.name = None;
+            }
+        } else {
+            n.name = Some(v.chars().take(512).collect());
+        }
+    }
+    if let Some(v) = p.get("visible").and_then(Value::as_bool) {
+        n.visible = v;
+    }
+    let locked = p.get("locked").and_then(Value::as_bool);
+    if let Some(v) = locked {
+        n.locked = v;
+    }
+    let mut lock = None;
+    if let NodeKind::Layer { template, printable, color, preview, dim_images, .. } = &mut n.kind {
+        let dim_given = p.get("dimImages").is_some();
+        if let Some(v) = p.get("template").and_then(Value::as_bool)
+            && v != *template
+        {
+            *template = v;
+            // A template is locked and its images dimmed; it stops being either with it.
+            lock = Some(v);
+            if !dim_given {
+                *dim_images = v.then_some(50);
+            }
+        }
+        if let Some(v) = p.get("printable").and_then(Value::as_bool) {
+            *printable = v;
+        }
+        if let Some(v) = p.get("preview").and_then(Value::as_bool) {
+            *preview = v;
+        }
+        match p.get("dimImages") {
+            Some(Value::Bool(false) | Value::Null) => *dim_images = None,
+            Some(Value::Bool(true)) => *dim_images = Some(50),
+            Some(v) => {
+                if let Some(x) = v.as_f64().filter(|x| x.is_finite()) {
+                    *dim_images = Some(x.clamp(0.0, 100.0).round() as u8);
+                }
+            }
+            None => {}
+        }
+        if let Some(c) = p.get("color").and_then(|v| layer_color_param(v).ok()) {
+            *color = c;
+        }
+    }
+    if let (Some(v), None) = (lock, locked) {
+        n.locked = v;
+    }
+}
+
+/// Bad values in Layer Options params, as an error for `cmd`.
+fn check_options(cmd: &str, p: &Value) -> Result<()> {
+    if let Some(v) = p.get("color") {
+        layer_color_param(v).map_err(|e| bad(cmd, e))?;
+    }
+    for k in ["visible", "locked", "template", "printable", "preview"] {
+        if p.get(k).is_some_and(|v| !v.is_boolean()) {
+            return Err(bad(cmd, format!("`{k}` is true or false")));
+        }
+    }
+    if let Some(v) = p.get("dimImages")
+        && !(v.is_boolean() || v.is_null() || v.as_f64().is_some_and(f64::is_finite))
+    {
+        return Err(bad(cmd, "`dimImages` is a percentage or false"));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 /// Layers panel → Paste Remembers Layers.
 fn paste_remembers_layers(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let cur = s.doc()?.doc.paste_remembers_layers;
@@ -100,8 +353,11 @@ fn target(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
         return Err(bad(C, "the object is hidden or locked"));
     }
     let layer = n.is_layer();
+    let rows = st.layer_rows.clone();
     s.select(|d, sel| sel.set_target(d, id))?;
     let st = s.doc_mut()?;
+    // Targeting doesn't change which rows are highlighted.
+    st.layer_rows = rows;
     if layer {
         st.active_layer = Some(id);
     }
@@ -112,11 +368,16 @@ fn target(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
 /// or the clipping mask is released.
 fn clip_toggle(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let st = s.doc()?;
+    let container = |id: &NodeId| st.doc.node(*id).is_some_and(|n| matches!(n.kind, NodeKind::Group { .. } | NodeKind::Layer { .. }));
+    let row = match st.highlighted_rows().as_slice() {
+        [id] if container(id) => Some(*id),
+        _ => None,
+    };
     let group = match st.selection.objects.as_slice() {
         [id] if matches!(st.doc.node(*id).map(|n| &n.kind), Some(NodeKind::Group { .. })) => Some(*id),
         _ => None,
     };
-    let id = id_param(p, "id").or(group).or(st.current_layer()).ok_or_else(|| bad("layer.clippingMask.toggle", "no layer"))?;
+    let id = id_param(p, "id").or(row).or(group).or(st.current_layer()).ok_or_else(|| bad("layer.clippingMask.toggle", "no layer"))?;
     let clip = s.edit("Make/Release Clipping Mask", |d, _| {
         let n = d.node(id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
         if !matches!(n.kind, NodeKind::Layer { .. } | NodeKind::Group { .. }) {
@@ -138,99 +399,142 @@ fn clip_toggle(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     Ok(json!({ "clip": clip }))
 }
 
-fn new_layer(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
-    let name = str_param(p, "name").map(str::to_string);
-    let st = s.doc()?;
-    let cur = st.active_layer.and_then(|l| st.doc.position(l)).filter(|(par, _, _)| par.is_none()).map(|(_, i, _)| i);
-    let id = s.edit("New Layer", |d, _| {
-        let id = d.add_layer(name.as_deref());
-        if let Some(i) = cur {
-            d.move_node(id, None, i + 1)?;
-        }
-        Ok(id)
+/// A new layer with the options in `p`, at `parent`/`index`; it becomes current and highlighted.
+fn add_layer(s: &mut Session, p: &Value, cmd: &str, label: &str, place: impl FnOnce(&Document) -> Result<(Option<NodeId>, usize)>) -> Result<Value> {
+    check_options(cmd, p)?;
+    let name = str_param(p, "name").filter(|n| !n.trim().is_empty()).map(str::to_string);
+    let id = s.edit(label, |d, _| {
+        let (parent, index) = place(d)?;
+        let mut n = make_layer(d, name.as_deref());
+        apply_options(&mut n, p);
+        Ok(d.insert(parent, index, n)?)
     })?;
-    s.doc_mut()?.active_layer = Some(id);
+    let st = s.doc_mut()?;
+    st.active_layer = Some(id);
+    st.layer_rows = vec![id];
     Ok(json!({ "id": id.0 }))
 }
 
+fn new_layer(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    let st = s.doc()?;
+    // Above the current layer, at its level; on top of everything with `top`.
+    let cur = st.current_layer().filter(|_| !bool_or(p, "top", false));
+    add_layer(s, p, "layer.new", "New Layer", |d| match cur.and_then(|c| d.position(c)) {
+        Some((parent, i, _)) => Ok((parent, i + 1)),
+        None => Ok((None, usize::MAX)),
+    })
+}
+
 fn new_sublayer(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
-    let parent = id_param(p, "parent").or(s.doc()?.current_layer()).ok_or_else(|| bad("layer.newSublayer", "no parent layer"))?;
-    let name = str_param(p, "name").map(str::to_string);
-    let id = s.edit("New Sublayer", |d, _| {
-        let n = d.node(parent).and_then(|n| n.children()).map(|c| c.iter().filter(|c| c.is_layer()).count()).unwrap_or(0);
-        let id = d.alloc_id();
-        let color = LayerColor::Preset(((d.layers.len() + n + 1) % 27) as u8);
-        let nm = name.unwrap_or_else(|| format!("Layer {}", d.node_count()));
-        d.insert(Some(parent), usize::MAX, vectorcraft_doc::Node::layer(id, &nm, color))?;
-        Ok(id)
-    })?;
-    Ok(json!({ "id": id.0 }))
+    const C: &str = "layer.newSublayer";
+    let st = s.doc()?;
+    let row = st.highlighted_rows().last().and_then(|r| st.doc.layer_containing(*r));
+    let parent = id_param(p, "parent").or(row).or(st.current_layer()).ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "no parent layer"))?;
+    if !st.doc.node(parent).is_some_and(Node::is_layer) {
+        return Err(bad(C, "the parent must be a layer or sublayer"));
+    }
+    add_layer(s, p, C, "New Sublayer", |_| Ok((Some(parent), usize::MAX)))
 }
 
-fn delete_layer(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
-    let id = id_param(p, "id").or(s.doc()?.current_layer()).ok_or_else(|| bad("layer.delete", "no layer"))?;
+fn delete_rows(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    let ids = rows_param(s, p)?;
     let st = s.doc()?;
-    if st.doc.layers.len() == 1 && st.doc.layers[0].id == id {
+    let ids = row_roots(&st.doc, &ids);
+    if ids.is_empty() {
+        return Err(bad("layer.delete", "no such rows"));
+    }
+    if st.doc.layers.iter().all(|l| ids.contains(&l.id)) {
         return Err(EngineError::Other("a document needs at least one layer".into()));
     }
-    s.edit("Delete Layer", |d, sel| {
-        d.remove(id)?;
+    s.edit("Delete Selection", |d, sel| {
+        for id in &ids {
+            d.remove(*id)?;
+        }
         sel.prune(d);
         Ok(())
     })?;
     let st = s.doc_mut()?;
-    if st.active_layer == Some(id) || st.active_layer.is_some_and(|l| st.doc.node(l).is_none()) {
+    st.layer_rows.clear();
+    if st.current_layer().is_none() {
         st.active_layer = st.doc.default_layer();
     }
-    ok()
+    Ok(json!({ "deleted": ids.len() }))
 }
 
-fn duplicate_layer(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
-    let id = id_param(p, "id").or(s.doc()?.current_layer()).ok_or_else(|| bad("layer.duplicate", "no layer"))?;
-    let nid = s.edit("Duplicate Layer", |d, _| {
-        let (par, idx, _) = d.position(id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
-        let n = d.node(id).cloned().ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
-        let mut c = d.reid(&n);
-        c.name = Some(format!("{} copy", n.display_name()));
-        Ok(d.insert(par, idx + 1, c)?)
+fn duplicate_rows(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    let ids = rows_param(s, p)?;
+    let ids = row_roots(&s.doc()?.doc, &ids);
+    if ids.is_empty() {
+        return Err(bad("layer.duplicate", "no such rows"));
+    }
+    let copies = s.edit("Duplicate Selection", |d, _| {
+        let mut out = vec![];
+        for id in &ids {
+            let (par, idx, _) = d.position(*id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(*id))?;
+            let n = d.node(*id).cloned().ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(*id))?;
+            let mut c = d.reid(&n);
+            if n.is_layer() {
+                c.name = Some(format!("{} copy", n.display_name()));
+            }
+            out.push(d.insert(par, idx + 1, c)?);
+        }
+        Ok(out)
     })?;
-    Ok(json!({ "id": nid.0 }))
+    s.doc_mut()?.layer_rows = copies.clone();
+    Ok(json!({ "ids": copies.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>() }))
 }
 
 fn set_current(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
-    let id = id_param(p, "id").ok_or_else(|| bad("layer.setCurrent", "missing id"))?;
+    const C: &str = "layer.setCurrent";
+    let id = id_param(p, "id").ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "missing id"))?;
     let st = s.doc_mut()?;
-    if !st.doc.node(id).is_some_and(|n| n.is_layer()) {
-        return Err(bad("layer.setCurrent", "not a layer"));
-    }
-    st.active_layer = Some(id);
+    let layer = st.doc.layer_containing(id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
+    st.active_layer = Some(layer);
+    st.layer_rows = vec![id];
     st.revision += 1;
-    ok()
+    Ok(json!({ "id": id.0, "layer": layer.0 }))
+}
+
+fn highlight(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    const C: &str = "layer.highlight";
+    let mut ids = ids_param(p, "ids").ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "missing ids"))?;
+    ids.truncate(MAX_ROWS);
+    let mode = str_param(p, "mode").unwrap_or("set");
+    let st = s.doc_mut()?;
+    ids.retain(|id| st.doc.node(*id).is_some());
+    let mut rows = st.highlighted_rows();
+    match mode {
+        "set" => rows.clear(),
+        "add" | "toggle" => {}
+        other => return Err(bad(C, format!("mode is set, add or toggle, not `{other}`"))),
+    }
+    let mut last = None;
+    for id in ids {
+        if mode == "toggle" && rows.contains(&id) {
+            rows.retain(|r| *r != id);
+        } else if !rows.contains(&id) {
+            rows.push(id);
+            last = Some(id);
+        }
+    }
+    if let Some(layer) = last.or(rows.last().copied()).and_then(|id| st.doc.layer_containing(id)) {
+        st.active_layer = Some(layer);
+    }
+    st.layer_rows = rows;
+    st.revision += 1;
+    Ok(json!({ "rows": st.layer_rows.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>() }))
 }
 
 fn set_props(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
-    let id = id_param(p, "id").ok_or_else(|| bad("layer.setProps", "missing id"))?;
+    const C: &str = "layer.setProps";
+    check_options(C, p)?;
+    let ids = rows_param(s, p)?;
+    if ids.is_empty() {
+        return Err(bad(C, "no rows"));
+    }
     s.edit("Layer Options", |d, sel| {
-        let n = d.node_mut(id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
-        if let Some(v) = str_param(p, "name") {
-            n.name = Some(v.to_string());
-        }
-        if let Some(v) = p.get("visible").and_then(Value::as_bool) {
-            n.visible = v;
-        }
-        if let Some(v) = p.get("locked").and_then(Value::as_bool) {
-            n.locked = v;
-        }
-        if let NodeKind::Layer { template, printable, color, .. } = &mut n.kind {
-            if let Some(v) = p.get("template").and_then(Value::as_bool) {
-                *template = v;
-            }
-            if let Some(v) = p.get("printable").and_then(Value::as_bool) {
-                *printable = v;
-            }
-            if let Some(v) = p.get("color").and_then(Value::as_u64) {
-                *color = LayerColor::Preset((v % 27) as u8);
-            }
+        for id in &ids {
+            apply_options(d.node_mut(*id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(*id))?, p);
         }
         // Hidden or locked content can't stay selected.
         let hidden: Vec<NodeId> = sel.objects.iter().copied().filter(|o| !d.is_editable(*o)).collect();
@@ -242,37 +546,166 @@ fn set_props(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     ok()
 }
 
-fn collect(s: &mut Session, _: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
-    let ids = super::edit::selected_roots(s)?;
-    let lid = s.edit("Collect in New Layer", |d, _| {
-        let lid = d.add_layer(None);
+fn collect(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    const C: &str = "layer.collectInNew";
+    let ids = match ids_param(p, "ids") {
+        Some(ids) => ids,
+        None => {
+            let rows = s.doc()?.highlighted_rows();
+            if rows.is_empty() { super::edit::selected_roots(s)? } else { rows }
+        }
+    };
+    let ids = row_roots(&s.doc()?.doc, &ids);
+    let Some(top) = ids.last().copied() else { return Err(bad(C, "select rows or objects to collect")) };
+    let lid = s.edit("Collect in New Layer", |d, sel| {
+        // Where the topmost of them is: beside it in its layer, or on top of the layer holding
+        // its group.
+        let (parent, index) = match d.position(top) {
+            Some((par, i, _)) if par.is_none_or(|p| d.node(p).is_some_and(Node::is_layer)) => (par, i + 1),
+            _ => (d.layer_containing(top), usize::MAX),
+        };
+        let layer = make_layer(d, None);
+        let lid = d.insert(parent, index, layer)?;
         for id in &ids {
             d.move_node(*id, Some(lid), usize::MAX)?;
         }
+        sel.prune(d);
         Ok(lid)
     })?;
+    let st = s.doc_mut()?;
+    st.active_layer = Some(lid);
+    st.layer_rows = vec![lid];
     Ok(json!({ "id": lid.0 }))
 }
 
-fn select_all_on(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
-    let id = id_param(p, "id").ok_or_else(|| bad("layer.selectAll", "missing id"))?;
-    let ids: Vec<NodeId> = s
-        .doc()?
-        .doc
-        .node(id)
-        .and_then(|n| n.children())
-        .map(|c| c.iter().filter(|n| n.visible && !n.locked).map(|n| n.id).collect())
-        .unwrap_or_default();
-    s.select(|_, sel| sel.set(ids.iter().copied()))?;
-    ok()
+/// The selection column: select a row's art.
+fn select_art(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    const C: &str = "layer.selectAll";
+    let id = id_param(p, "id").ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "missing id"))?;
+    let add = bool_or(p, "add", false);
+    let st = s.doc()?;
+    let n = st.doc.node(id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
+    let ids: Vec<NodeId> = if !st.doc.is_editable(id) {
+        vec![]
+    } else if n.is_layer() {
+        n.layer_art(true)
+    } else {
+        vec![id]
+    };
+    let all_selected = !ids.is_empty() && ids.iter().all(|i| st.selection.contains(*i));
+    let rows = st.layer_rows.clone();
+    s.select(|_, sel| {
+        if !add {
+            sel.set(ids.iter().copied());
+        } else if all_selected {
+            for i in &ids {
+                sel.remove(*i);
+            }
+        } else {
+            for i in &ids {
+                sel.add(*i);
+            }
+        }
+    })?;
+    let st = s.doc_mut()?;
+    // The selection column leaves the highlighted rows as they are.
+    st.layer_rows = rows;
+    Ok(json!({ "selected": st.selection.objects.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>() }))
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum Place {
+    Above,
+    Below,
+    Inside,
+}
+
+/// Drag rows in the Layers panel.
+fn move_rows(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    const C: &str = "layer.move";
+    let mut ids = ids_param(p, "ids").or_else(|| id_param(p, "id").map(|i| vec![i])).ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "missing ids"))?;
+    ids.truncate(MAX_ROWS);
+    let target = id_param(p, "target").ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "missing target"))?;
+    let place = match str_param(p, "place").unwrap_or("inside") {
+        "above" => Place::Above,
+        "below" => Place::Below,
+        "inside" | "into" => Place::Inside,
+        other => return Err(bad(C, format!("place is above, below or inside, not `{other}`"))),
+    };
+    let copy = bool_or(p, "copy", false);
+    let st = s.doc()?;
+    let d = &st.doc;
+    d.node(target).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(target))?;
+    let ids = row_roots(d, &ids);
+    if ids.is_empty() {
+        return Err(bad(C, "no such rows"));
+    }
+    // Never into itself or a row inside it.
+    let around = d.ancestry(target).unwrap_or_default();
+    if ids.iter().any(|i| around.contains(i)) {
+        return Err(bad(C, "a row can't go into itself"));
+    }
+    let nodes: Vec<&Node> = ids.iter().filter_map(|i| d.node(*i)).collect();
+    let (parent, anchor) = match place {
+        Place::Inside => (Some(target), None),
+        _ => match d.parent_of(target) {
+            // Objects can't be at the top level: beside a top-level layer means in it.
+            None if nodes.iter().any(|n| !n.is_layer()) => (Some(target), None),
+            parent => (parent, Some(target)),
+        },
+    };
+    if let Some(n) = nodes.iter().find(|n| !accepts(d, parent, n)) {
+        let into = parent.and_then(|p| d.node(p)).map_or("the top level", |p| if p.is_layer() { "a layer" } else { p.kind_label() });
+        return Err(bad(C, format!("{} can't go into {into}", n.display_name())));
+    }
+    if parent.is_some_and(|p| locked_within(d, p)) {
+        return Err(EngineError::Other("the layer or group is locked".into()));
+    }
+    let label = if copy { "Duplicate Rows" } else { "Move Rows" };
+    let moved = s.edit(label, |d, sel| {
+        let mut nodes = vec![];
+        for id in &ids {
+            nodes.push(if copy {
+                let n = d.node(*id).cloned().ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(*id))?;
+                d.reid(&n)
+            } else {
+                Arc::unwrap_or_clone(d.remove(*id)?)
+            });
+        }
+        let count = d.children(parent).map_or(0, Vec::len);
+        let mut index = match anchor {
+            None => count,
+            Some(a) => {
+                let (_, i, _) = d.position(a).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(a))?;
+                if place == Place::Above { i + 1 } else { i }
+            }
+        };
+        // The clipping path stays at the bottom of a clip group or a clipping layer.
+        if count > 0 && parent.and_then(|p| d.node(p)).is_some_and(Node::clips) {
+            index = index.max(1);
+        }
+        let mut out = vec![];
+        for n in nodes {
+            out.push(d.insert(parent, index, n)?);
+            index += 1;
+        }
+        sel.prune(d);
+        Ok(out)
+    })?;
+    let st = s.doc_mut()?;
+    st.layer_rows = moved.clone();
+    Ok(json!({ "ids": moved.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>() }))
 }
 
 fn move_node(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
-    let id = id_param(p, "id").ok_or_else(|| bad("node.move", "missing id"))?;
+    const C: &str = "node.move";
+    let id = id_param(p, "id").ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "missing id"))?;
     let parent = id_param(p, "parent");
-    let index = p.get("index").and_then(Value::as_u64).unwrap_or(u64::MAX) as usize;
-    if parent.is_none() && !s.doc()?.doc.node(id).is_some_and(|n| n.is_layer()) {
-        return Err(bad("node.move", "only layers can be at the top level"));
+    let index = p.get("index").and_then(Value::as_u64).unwrap_or(u64::MAX).min(usize::MAX as u64) as usize;
+    let d = &s.doc()?.doc;
+    let n = d.node(id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
+    if !accepts(d, parent, n) {
+        return Err(bad(C, "layers go only at the top level or in layers, objects in layers and groups"));
     }
     s.edit("Reorder", |d, _| Ok(d.move_node(id, parent, index)?))?;
     ok()

crates/engine/src/cmd/layerpanel.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,429 @@
+//! The Layers panel menu's operations on rows: Merge Selected, Flatten Artwork, Release to Layers,
+//! Reverse Order, Template, Hide/Outline/Lock Others and their Show/Preview/Unlock All
+//! counterparts, Locate Object. Rows default to the highlighted ones, else the current layer (see
+//! [`super::layer`]).
+
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use serde_json::{Value, json};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{Document, Node, NodeId, NodeKind};
+
+use super::layer::{make_layer, row_roots, rows_param};
+use super::*;
+use crate::EngineError;
+
+pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
+    vec![
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.merge",
+            "Merge Selected",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{ids?} (default: the highlighted rows) merge two or more rows into the layer listed (highlighted) last: the other layers' contents and the other rows move into it, keeping their stacking order, and the emptied layers go. One undo step → {id}",
+            has_doc,
+            merge
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.flatten",
+            "Flatten Artwork",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{id?} (default: the highlighted row's top-level layer, else the current one's) move the art of every other visible top-level layer into this one, keeping the stacking order; hidden layers and their art are deleted, template layers stay. One undo step → {id, discarded}",
+            has_doc,
+            flatten
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.releaseToLayers",
+            "Release to Layers (Sequence)",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{id?: layer or group (default: the highlighted row, else the current layer), build?: bool} each object in it goes into a new sublayer of its own, in stacking order (a group's objects go into sublayers of its layer, where the group was). `build`: Release to Layers (Build), each new sublayer holds copies of the objects up to its own, so the layers add up. One undo step → {ids}",
+            has_doc,
+            release
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.releaseToLayersBuild",
+            "Release to Layers (Build)",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{id?} layer.releaseToLayers with build: true → {ids}",
+            has_doc,
+            |s, p| {
+                let mut p = p.clone();
+                if let Some(m) = p.as_object_mut() {
+                    m.insert("build".into(), json!(true));
+                } else {
+                    p = json!({"build": true});
+                }
+                release(s, &p)
+            }
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.reverse",
+            "Reverse Order",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{ids?} (default: the highlighted rows) reverse the stacking order of two or more rows that share a layer or group; each keeps the places the others held. One undo step",
+            has_doc,
+            reverse
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.template",
+            "Template",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{ids?, on?: bool (default: toggle the first)} make layers templates (locked, dimmed, left out of print and export) or ordinary layers again (layer.setProps template) → {on}",
+            has_doc,
+            template
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.hideOthers",
+            "Hide Others",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{ids?} hide every top-level layer but those holding the highlighted rows (else the current layer). One undo step → {count}",
+            has_doc,
+            |s, p| others(s, p, Flag::Visible, false)
+        ),
+        cmd!("layer.showAll", "Show All Layers", ["Window", "Layers"], None, "{} show every layer and sublayer → {count}", has_doc, |s, _| all(
+            s,
+            Flag::Visible,
+            true
+        )),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.outlineOthers",
+            "Outline Others",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{ids?} turn Preview off (outline view) for every top-level layer but those holding the highlighted rows (else the current layer) → {count}",
+            has_doc,
+            |s, p| others(s, p, Flag::Preview, false)
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.previewAll",
+            "Preview All Layers",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{} turn Preview on for every layer and sublayer → {count}",
+            has_doc,
+            |s, _| all(s, Flag::Preview, true)
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.lockOthers",
+            "Lock Others",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{ids?} lock every top-level layer but those holding the highlighted rows (else the current layer) → {count}",
+            has_doc,
+            |s, p| others(s, p, Flag::Locked, true)
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.unlockAll",
+            "Unlock All Layers",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{} unlock every layer and sublayer → {count}",
+            has_doc,
+            |s, _| all(s, Flag::Locked, false)
+        ),
+        cmd!(
+            "layer.locate",
+            "Locate Object",
+            ["Window", "Layers"],
+            None,
+            "{id?} (default: the last selected object) highlight the object's row; the Layers panel opens the layers around it and scrolls to it → {id, ancestry: [layer…, id]}",
+            has_doc,
+            locate
+        ),
+    ]
+}
+
+/// A layer flag the panel menu sets on many layers.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+enum Flag {
+    Visible,
+    Locked,
+    Preview,
+}
+
+impl Flag {
+    fn get(self, n: &Node) -> bool {
+        match (self, &n.kind) {
+            (Flag::Visible, _) => n.visible,
+            (Flag::Locked, _) => n.locked,
+            (Flag::Preview, NodeKind::Layer { preview, .. }) => *preview,
+            (Flag::Preview, _) => true,
+        }
+    }
+    fn set(self, n: &mut Node, v: bool) {
+        match (self, &mut n.kind) {
+            (Flag::Visible, _) => n.visible = v,
+            (Flag::Locked, _) => n.locked = v,
+            (Flag::Preview, NodeKind::Layer { preview, .. }) => *preview = v,
+            (Flag::Preview, _) => {}
+        }
+    }
+    fn label(self, on: bool) -> &'static str {
+        match (self, on) {
+            (Flag::Visible, true) => "Show All Layers",
+            (Flag::Visible, false) => "Hide Others",
+            (Flag::Locked, true) => "Lock Others",
+            (Flag::Locked, false) => "Unlock All Layers",
+            (Flag::Preview, true) => "Preview All Layers",
+            (Flag::Preview, false) => "Outline Others",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Set `flag` to `v` on `ids` (layers that differ) in one undo step labelled `label` → how many
+/// changed.
+fn set_flag(s: &mut Session, ids: Vec<NodeId>, flag: Flag, v: bool, label: &str) -> Result<Value> {
+    let d = &s.doc()?.doc;
+    let ids: Vec<NodeId> = ids.into_iter().filter(|id| d.node(*id).is_some_and(|n| flag.get(n) != v)).collect();
+    if !ids.is_empty() {
+        s.edit(label, |d, sel| {
+            for id in &ids {
+                if let Some(n) = d.node_mut(*id) {
+                    flag.set(n, v);
+                }
+            }
+            // Hidden or locked art can't stay selected.
+            let out: Vec<NodeId> = sel.objects.iter().copied().filter(|o| !d.is_editable(*o)).collect();
+            for o in out {
+                sel.remove(o);
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        })?;
+    }
+    Ok(json!({ "count": ids.len() }))
+}
+
+/// The top-level layers holding the rows a command acts on.
+fn kept_layers(s: &Session, p: &Value) -> Result<HashSet<NodeId>> {
+    let ids = rows_param(s, p)?;
+    let d = &s.doc()?.doc;
+    Ok(ids.iter().filter_map(|id| d.layer_of(*id)).collect())
+}
+
+fn others(s: &mut Session, p: &Value, flag: Flag, v: bool) -> Result<Value> {
+    let keep = kept_layers(s, p)?;
+    let ids: Vec<NodeId> = s.doc()?.doc.layers.iter().map(|l| l.id).filter(|l| !keep.contains(l)).collect();
+    set_flag(s, ids, flag, v, flag.label(v))
+}
+
+fn all(s: &mut Session, flag: Flag, v: bool) -> Result<Value> {
+    let mut ids = vec![];
+    s.doc()?.doc.walk(|n| {
+        if n.is_layer() {
+            ids.push(n.id);
+        }
+    });
+    set_flag(s, ids, flag, v, flag.label(v))
+}
+
+fn template(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    let ids = rows_param(s, p)?;
+    let d = &s.doc()?.doc;
+    let ids: Vec<NodeId> = ids.into_iter().filter(|id| d.node(*id).is_some_and(Node::is_layer)).collect();
+    let Some(first) = ids.first().and_then(|id| d.node(*id)) else { return Err(bad("layer.template", "select a layer")) };
+    let on = bool_or(p, "on", !first.is_template());
+    s.execute("layer.setProps", &json!({"ids": ids.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>(), "template": on}))?;
+    Ok(json!({ "on": on }))
+}
+
+/// Move the contents of `others` (layers give their children, anything else itself; none inside
+/// another) into layer `into`, keeping the document's stacking order, then delete the emptied
+/// layers.
+fn merge_into(d: &mut Document, into: NodeId, others: &[NodeId]) -> Result<()> {
+    let own: Vec<NodeId> =
+        d.node(into).and_then(|n| n.children()).map(|c| c.iter().map(|c| c.id).filter(|c| !others.contains(c)).collect()).unwrap_or_default();
+    let mut moved = vec![];
+    for id in others {
+        let n = d.node(*id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(*id))?;
+        if n.is_layer() {
+            moved.extend(n.children().into_iter().flatten().map(|c| c.id));
+        } else {
+            moved.push(*id);
+        }
+    }
+    // Where everything is now: the merged layer stacks its contents in this order.
+    let keys: HashMap<NodeId, Vec<usize>> = own.iter().chain(&moved).filter_map(|id| Some((*id, d.index_path(*id)?))).collect();
+    let mut taken = vec![];
+    for id in &moved {
+        taken.push(d.remove(*id)?);
+    }
+    for id in others {
+        if d.node(*id).is_some() {
+            d.remove(*id)?;
+        }
+    }
+    let ch = d.children_mut(Some(into))?;
+    let mut all = std::mem::take(ch);
+    all.extend(taken);
+    all.sort_by(|a, b| keys.get(&a.id).cmp(&keys.get(&b.id)));
+    *ch = all;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn merge(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    const C: &str = "layer.merge";
+    let ids = rows_param(s, p)?;
+    let st = s.doc()?;
+    let d = &st.doc;
+    let mut seen = HashSet::new();
+    let ids: Vec<NodeId> = ids.into_iter().filter(|id| d.node(*id).is_some() && seen.insert(*id)).collect();
+    if ids.len() < 2 {
+        return Err(bad(C, "highlight two or more rows to merge"));
+    }
+    let into =
+        ids.iter().rev().copied().find(|id| d.node(*id).is_some_and(Node::is_layer)).ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "highlight a layer to merge into"))?;
+    let around = d.ancestry(into).unwrap_or_default();
+    // (Rows inside the target layer merge too: only rows inside other listed rows go with those.)
+    let rest: Vec<NodeId> = ids.iter().copied().filter(|id| *id != into).collect();
+    let others = row_roots(d, &rest);
+    if others.iter().any(|o| around.contains(o)) {
+        return Err(bad(C, "a layer can't be merged into its own sublayer"));
+    }
+    s.edit("Merge Selected", |d, sel| {
+        merge_into(d, into, &others)?;
+        sel.prune(d);
+        Ok(())
+    })?;
+    let st = s.doc_mut()?;
+    st.active_layer = Some(into);
+    st.layer_rows = vec![into];
+    Ok(json!({ "id": into.0 }))
+}
+
+fn flatten(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    const C: &str = "layer.flatten";
+    let st = s.doc()?;
+    let d = &st.doc;
+    let from = id_param(p, "id").or_else(|| st.highlighted_rows().last().copied()).or(st.current_layer());
+    let into = from.and_then(|id| d.layer_of(id)).ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "no layer"))?;
+    if !d.node(into).is_some_and(|n| n.visible) {
+        return Err(EngineError::Other("the layer to flatten into is hidden".into()));
+    }
+    let others: Vec<NodeId> = d.layers.iter().filter(|l| l.id != into && l.visible && !l.is_template()).map(|l| l.id).collect();
+    let hidden: Vec<NodeId> = d.layers.iter().filter(|l| l.id != into && !l.visible && !l.is_template()).map(|l| l.id).collect();
+    s.edit("Flatten Artwork", |d, sel| {
+        for h in &hidden {
+            d.remove(*h)?;
+        }
+        merge_into(d, into, &others)?;
+        sel.prune(d);
+        Ok(())
+    })?;
+    let st = s.doc_mut()?;
+    st.active_layer = Some(into);
+    st.layer_rows = vec![into];
+    Ok(json!({ "id": into.0, "discarded": hidden.len() }))
+}
+
+fn release(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    const C: &str = "layer.releaseToLayers";
+    let build = bool_or(p, "build", false);
+    let st = s.doc()?;
+    let id = match id_param(p, "id") {
+        Some(id) => id,
+        None => match st.highlighted_rows().as_slice() {
+            [id] => *id,
+            _ => st.current_layer().ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "no layer"))?,
+        },
+    };
+    let n = st.doc.node(id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
+    let group = match n.kind {
+        NodeKind::Layer { .. } => false,
+        NodeKind::Group { .. } => true,
+        _ => return Err(bad(C, "release a layer or a group")),
+    };
+    // Its objects, bottom first (sublayers stay as they are).
+    let objects: Vec<NodeId> = n.children().into_iter().flatten().filter(|c| !c.is_layer()).map(|c| c.id).collect();
+    if objects.is_empty() {
+        return Err(EngineError::Other("there are no objects to release".into()));
+    }
+    let new = s.edit(if build { "Release to Layers (Build)" } else { "Release to Layers (Sequence)" }, |d, sel| {
+        // A group's objects go into sublayers of the layer holding it, where it was.
+        let (parent, mut index) = if group {
+            let layer = d.layer_containing(id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
+            let (par, i, _) = d.position(id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
+            if par == Some(layer) { (layer, i) } else { (layer, usize::MAX) }
+        } else {
+            (id, 0)
+        };
+        let mut originals = vec![];
+        for o in &objects {
+            originals.push(Arc::unwrap_or_clone(d.remove(*o)?));
+        }
+        if group {
+            d.remove(id)?;
+        }
+        let mut new = vec![];
+        let last = originals.len().saturating_sub(1);
+        for k in 0..originals.len() {
+            let mut layer = make_layer(d, None);
+            let lid = layer.id;
+            let held: Vec<Node> = if build {
+                // Copies of the objects below and itself; the top layer keeps the originals.
+                (0..=k).filter_map(|j| originals.get(j)).map(|o| if k == last { o.clone() } else { d.reid(o) }).collect()
+            } else {
+                originals.get(k).cloned().into_iter().collect()
+            };
+            if let Some(ch) = layer.children_mut() {
+                ch.extend(held.into_iter().map(Arc::new));
+            }
+            let at = if group { index } else { index.min(d.children(Some(parent)).map_or(0, Vec::len)) };
+            d.insert(Some(parent), at, layer)?;
+            index = at.saturating_add(1);
+            new.push(lid);
+        }
+        sel.prune(d);
+        Ok(new)
+    })?;
+    s.doc_mut()?.layer_rows = new.clone();
+    Ok(json!({ "ids": new.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>() }))
+}
+
+fn reverse(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    const C: &str = "layer.reverse";
+    let ids = rows_param(s, p)?;
+    let d = &s.doc()?.doc;
+    let ids = row_roots(d, &ids);
+    // Rows grouped by the layer or group holding them (None: top-level layers).
+    let mut by_parent: Vec<(Option<NodeId>, Vec<usize>)> = vec![];
+    for id in &ids {
+        let Some((par, i, _)) = d.position(*id) else { continue };
+        match by_parent.iter_mut().find(|(p, _)| *p == par) {
+            Some((_, v)) => v.push(i),
+            None => by_parent.push((par, vec![i])),
+        }
+    }
+    by_parent.retain(|(_, v)| v.len() >= 2);
+    if by_parent.is_empty() {
+        return Err(bad(C, "highlight two or more rows in one layer or group"));
+    }
+    s.edit("Reverse Order", |d, _| {
+        for (par, mut slots) in by_parent {
+            slots.sort_unstable();
+            let ch = d.children_mut(par)?;
+            let nodes: Vec<Arc<Node>> = slots.iter().filter_map(|i| ch.get(*i).cloned()).collect();
+            for (slot, n) in slots.iter().zip(nodes.into_iter().rev()) {
+                if let Some(c) = ch.get_mut(*slot) {
+                    *c = n;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    })?;
+    ok()
+}
+
+fn locate(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    let st = s.doc_mut()?;
+    let id = id_param(p, "id").or_else(|| st.selection.objects.last().copied()).ok_or_else(|| bad("layer.locate", "nothing selected"))?;
+    let ancestry = st.doc.ancestry(id).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(id))?;
+    st.layer_rows = vec![id];
+    st.revision += 1;
+    Ok(json!({ "id": id.0, "ancestry": ancestry.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>() }))
+}

crates/engine/src/cmd/menucmds.rs

@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@ use super::*;
 /// Session-level (not saved) state owned by the menu commands.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
 pub struct MenuState {
-    /// Saved selections: (document title, name, object ids).
-    pub saved_selections: Vec<(String, String, Vec<NodeId>)>,
     /// View → Guides → Lock Guides.
     pub guides_locked: bool,
     /// Transparency panel menu: "New Opacity Masks Are Clipping" turned off.

crates/engine/src/cmd/mod.rs

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ pub(crate) mod graph;
 mod halftone;
 pub mod help;
 mod layer;
+mod layerpanel;
 pub mod links;
 mod live;
 pub(crate) mod maskedit;
@@ -143,6 +144,10 @@ pub fn has_selection(s: &Session) -> std::result::Result<(), String> {
     let st = s.active().ok_or("no document open")?;
     if st.selection.is_empty() { Err("nothing selected".into()) } else { Ok(()) }
 }
+pub fn has_anchors(s: &Session) -> std::result::Result<(), String> {
+    let st = s.active().ok_or("no document open")?;
+    if st.selection.anchors.values().all(|a| a.is_empty()) { Err("no anchor points selected".into()) } else { Ok(()) }
+}
 pub fn has_multi(s: &Session) -> std::result::Result<(), String> {
     let st = s.active().ok_or("no document open")?;
     if st.selection.len() < 2 { Err("select at least two objects".into()) } else { Ok(()) }
@@ -191,6 +196,7 @@ pub fn command_specs() -> &'static [CommandSpec] {
         v.extend(gradient::specs());
         v.extend(opacitymask::specs());
         v.extend(layer::specs());
+        v.extend(layerpanel::specs());
         v.extend(draw2::specs());
         v.extend(xform::specs());
         v.extend(effectcmd::specs());

crates/engine/src/cmd/object.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Transform",
             [],
             None,
-            "{matrix: [a,b,c,d,e,f], copy?: bool, ids?, strokes?: bool, corners?: bool} apply an affine to the selection (or ids); strokes/corners: Scale Strokes & Effects / Scale Corners (default: the preferences)",
+            "{matrix: [a,b,c,d,e,f], copy?: bool, ids?, strokes?: bool, corners?: bool, typeAreas?: bool} apply an affine to the selection (or ids); strokes/corners: Scale Strokes & Effects / Scale Corners (default: the preferences); typeAreas: area type among them (not type inside a group) reshapes its frame by the matrix and its text reflows at its size, as a bounding-box handle drag does (default: the type transforms too)",
             has_doc,
             transform
         ),
@@ -202,15 +202,18 @@ pub(crate) fn scaling(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Scaling {
     Scaling { strokes, effects: strokes.then_some(vectorcraft_render::effects::scale_effect), keep_type_strokes: !strokes, keep_corners: !corners }
 }
 
-/// Apply `xf` to `ids` (`copy` param: duplicate first; `strokes`/`corners`: see [`scaling`]).
-/// Records Transform Again.
+/// Apply `xf` to `ids` (`copy` param: duplicate first; `strokes`/`corners`: see [`scaling`];
+/// `typeAreas`: see [`resize_type_area`]). Records Transform Again.
 pub(crate) fn apply_transform(s: &mut Session, label: &str, ids: Vec<NodeId>, xf: Affine, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let copy = bool_or(p, "copy", false);
+    let areas = bool_or(p, "typeAreas", false);
     let sc = if Scaling::factor(xf).is_some() { scaling(s, p) } else { Scaling::default() };
     let ids = s.edit(label, |d, sel| {
         let targets = if copy { duplicate_in(d, sel, &ids, Affine::IDENTITY)? } else { ids.clone() };
         for id in &targets {
-            if let Some(n) = d.node_mut(*id) {
+            if let Some(n) = d.node_mut(*id)
+                && !(areas && resize_type_area(n, xf))
+            {
                 n.transform(xf, sc);
             }
         }
@@ -224,6 +227,17 @@ pub(crate) fn apply_transform(s: &mut Session, label: &str, ids: Vec<NodeId>, xf
     Ok(json!({ "ids": ids.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>() }))
 }
 
+/// Area type resized by its bounding box: `xf` reshapes its frame (the type area) and the text
+/// reflows at its size. False for anything else (and type in perspective), which transforms as
+/// usual.
+fn resize_type_area(n: &mut Node, xf: Affine) -> bool {
+    if n.perspective.is_some() {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let NodeKind::Text(t) = &mut n.kind else { return false };
+    super::typecmd::reshape_area_with(t, |t| t.transform_area(xf))
+}
+
 fn transform(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let m = matrix_param(p, "matrix").ok_or_else(|| bad("object.transform", "missing matrix [a,b,c,d,e,f]"))?;
     let ids = match ids_param(p, "ids") {
@@ -375,20 +389,26 @@ fn send_to_current_layer(s: &mut Session, _: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
 
 fn group(s: &mut Session, _: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let ids = selected_roots(s)?;
-    let Some(top) = ids.last().copied() else { return Err(EngineError::Other("nothing selected".into())) };
     let gid = s.edit("Group", |d, sel| {
-        let (par, idx, _) = d.position(top).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(top))?;
-        let gid = d.alloc_id();
-        d.insert(par, idx + 1, Node::group(gid, vec![]))?;
-        for id in &ids {
-            d.move_node(*id, Some(gid), usize::MAX)?;
-        }
+        let gid = group_nodes(d, &ids)?;
         sel.set([gid]);
         Ok(gid)
     })?;
     Ok(json!({ "id": gid.0 }))
 }
 
+/// Put `ids` (top-level objects, in paint order) in a new group where the front-most one was.
+pub(crate) fn group_nodes(d: &mut Document, ids: &[NodeId]) -> Result<NodeId> {
+    let Some(top) = ids.last().copied() else { return Err(EngineError::Other("nothing selected".into())) };
+    let (par, idx, _) = d.position(top).ok_or(EngineError::NoNode(top))?;
+    let gid = d.alloc_id();
+    d.insert(par, idx + 1, Node::group(gid, vec![]))?;
+    for id in ids {
+        d.move_node(*id, Some(gid), usize::MAX)?;
+    }
+    Ok(gid)
+}
+
 fn ungroup(s: &mut Session, _: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let ids = selected_roots(s)?;
     s.edit("Ungroup", |d, sel| {

crates/engine/src/cmd/package.rs

@@ -4,12 +4,11 @@
 //! report). The packaged document links to the copies (Relink); the open document doesn't change.
 //! Without a folder (the web, agents) the same files come back as a zip archive.
 
-use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, HashSet};
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashSet};
 use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::Path;
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
-use vectorcraft_doc::{Document, Node, NodeKind};
 
 use super::fileio::{create_dir, write_file};
 use super::*;
@@ -51,21 +50,6 @@ fn font_ext(bytes: &[u8]) -> &'static str {
     }
 }
 
-/// The fonts (family, style) of the type in the layers and symbols of `d`.
-fn used_fonts(d: &Document) -> BTreeSet<(String, String)> {
-    let mut fonts = BTreeSet::new();
-    let mut add = |n: &Node| {
-        if let NodeKind::Text(t) = &n.kind {
-            fonts.extend(t.runs.iter().map(|r| (r.style.font_family.clone(), r.style.font_style.clone())));
-        }
-    };
-    d.walk(&mut add);
-    for s in &d.symbols {
-        s.art.walk(&mut add);
-    }
-    fonts
-}
-
 /// The options of a package.
 struct Options {
     copy_links: bool,
@@ -123,7 +107,7 @@ fn package(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
         let db = vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global();
         let mut files = HashSet::new();
         lines.push("FONTS".to_string());
-        for (family, style) in used_fonts(&st.doc) {
+        for (family, style) in super::fonts::used_fonts(&st.doc) {
             let font = format!("{family} {style}");
             let reason = match db.face(&family, &style) {
                 Some(f) if f.family.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&family) && f.embeddable() => {

crates/engine/src/cmd/panelcmds.rs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Character / Paragraph",
             [],
             None,
-            "{ids?|id?, kerning?: 1/1000 em|\"auto\", baselineShift?: pt, hScale?: %, vScale?: %, rotation?: deg, underline?, strikethrough?, allCaps?, smallCaps?: bool, position?: \"normal\"|\"superscript\"|\"subscript\" (sizes from Document Setup), leftIndent?, rightIndent?, firstLineIndent?, spaceBefore?, spaceAfter?: pt, hyphenate?: bool}",
+            "{ids?|id?, kerning?: 1/1000 em|\"auto\", baselineShift?: pt, hScale?: %, vScale?: %, rotation?: deg, underline?, strikethrough?, allCaps?, smallCaps?: bool, position?: \"normal\"|\"superscript\"|\"subscript\" (sizes from Document Setup), leftIndent?, rightIndent?, firstLineIndent?, spaceBefore?, spaceAfter?: pt, hyphenate?: bool, mojikumi?: \"none\"|\"lineEndHalf\" (Japanese punctuation spacing), direction?: \"auto\"|\"leftToRight\"|\"rightToLeft\" (paragraph direction; auto: from each paragraph's first strong character), leadingModel?: \"romanBaseline\"|\"emBoxTop\" (leading measured baseline to baseline, or em box top to top)}",
             has_doc,
             set_format
         ),
@@ -54,17 +54,27 @@ fn artboard_duplicate(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let index = s.edit("Duplicate Artboard", |d, _| {
         let src = d.artboards.get(i).cloned().ok_or_else(|| EngineError::Other("no such artboard".into()))?;
         let right = d.artboards.iter().map(|a| a.rect.x1).fold(f64::MIN, f64::max);
-        let mut a = src.clone();
-        a.id = d.artboards.iter().map(|a| a.id).max().unwrap_or(0) + 1;
-        a.name = format!("{} copy", src.name);
         let dx = right + 20.0 - src.rect.x0;
-        a.rect = vectorcraft_geom::Rect::new(src.rect.x0 + dx, src.rect.y0, src.rect.x1 + dx, src.rect.y1);
-        d.artboards.push(a);
-        Ok(d.artboards.len() - 1)
+        Ok(push_artboard_copy(d, &src, vectorcraft_geom::Rect::new(src.rect.x0 + dx, src.rect.y0, src.rect.x1 + dx, src.rect.y1)))
     })?;
     Ok(json!({"index": index}))
 }
 
+/// Add a copy of artboard `src` at `rect`, named `<name> copy` (`<name> copy 2`… when taken),
+/// with an id of its own → its index.
+pub(crate) fn push_artboard_copy(d: &mut vectorcraft_doc::Document, src: &vectorcraft_doc::Artboard, rect: vectorcraft_geom::Rect) -> usize {
+    let mut a = src.clone();
+    a.id = d.artboards.iter().map(|a| a.id).max().unwrap_or(0).saturating_add(1);
+    let taken = |name: &str| d.artboards.iter().any(|a| a.name == name);
+    a.name = std::iter::once(format!("{} copy", src.name))
+        .chain((2u64..).map(|i| format!("{} copy {i}", src.name)))
+        .find(|name| !taken(name))
+        .unwrap_or_default();
+    a.rect = rect;
+    d.artboards.push(a);
+    d.artboards.len() - 1
+}
+
 // ---------- text ----------
 
 fn set_format(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
@@ -101,11 +111,39 @@ fn set_format(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
         "spaceBefore",
         "spaceAfter",
         "hyphenate",
+        "mojikumi",
+        "direction",
+        "leadingModel",
     ];
     if !keys.iter().any(|k| p.get(*k).is_some()) {
         return Err(bad(C, "nothing to change"));
     }
     let (position, small_caps) = super::docsetup::script_params(p, &s.doc()?.doc.setup, C)?;
+    let mojikumi = match p.get("mojikumi") {
+        None => None,
+        Some(v) => Some(match v.as_str() {
+            Some("none") => vectorcraft_doc::Mojikumi::None,
+            Some("lineEndHalf") => vectorcraft_doc::Mojikumi::LineEndHalf,
+            _ => return Err(bad(C, "`mojikumi` must be \"none\" or \"lineEndHalf\"")),
+        }),
+    };
+    let direction = match p.get("direction") {
+        None => None,
+        Some(v) => Some(match v.as_str() {
+            Some("auto") => None,
+            Some("leftToRight") => Some(vectorcraft_doc::ParaDirection::LeftToRight),
+            Some("rightToLeft") => Some(vectorcraft_doc::ParaDirection::RightToLeft),
+            _ => return Err(bad(C, "`direction` must be \"auto\", \"leftToRight\" or \"rightToLeft\"")),
+        }),
+    };
+    let leading_model = match p.get("leadingModel") {
+        None => None,
+        Some(v) => Some(match v.as_str() {
+            Some("romanBaseline") => vectorcraft_doc::LeadingModel::RomanBaseline,
+            Some("emBoxTop") => vectorcraft_doc::LeadingModel::EmBoxTop,
+            _ => return Err(bad(C, "`leadingModel` must be \"romanBaseline\" or \"emBoxTop\"")),
+        }),
+    };
     s.edit("Character", |d, _| {
         for id in &ids {
             let Some(NodeKind::Text(t)) = d.node_mut(*id).map(|n| &mut n.kind) else { continue };
@@ -161,6 +199,15 @@ fn set_format(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
             if let Some(v) = flag("hyphenate") {
                 para.hyphenate = v;
             }
+            if let Some(v) = mojikumi {
+                para.mojikumi = v;
+            }
+            if let Some(v) = direction {
+                para.direction = v;
+            }
+            if let Some(v) = leading_model {
+                para.leading_model = v;
+            }
             super::typecmd::refresh_bounds(t);
         }
         Ok(())

crates/engine/src/cmd/path.rs

@@ -87,11 +87,11 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
         ),
         cmd!(
             "path.deleteAnchors",
-            "Remove Anchor Points",
-            ["Object", "Path"],
+            "Delete Anchor Points",
+            [],
             None,
-            "{} delete direct-selected anchors",
-            has_selection,
+            "{} delete the direct-selected anchors and their segments, opening closed paths there (the Delete key)",
+            has_anchors,
             delete_anchors
         ),
         cmd!(

crates/engine/src/cmd/perspgrid.rs

@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ impl Session {
                 let w = self.prefs.perspective_widget;
                 let st = self.active().filter(|_| w.show)?;
                 let g = PerspectiveGrid::current(&st.doc);
-                if !g.shown(self.tool_id()) {
+                if !g.visible {
                     return None;
                 }
                 let place = WidgetPlace { screen: view.screen.as_ref(), corner: w.position };
@@ -476,6 +476,6 @@ impl Session {
             ToolKey::Digit(4) => Plane::None,
             _ => return None,
         };
-        PerspectiveGrid::current(&self.active()?.doc).shown(self.tool_id()).then_some(plane)
+        PerspectiveGrid::current(&self.active()?.doc).visible.then_some(plane)
     }
 }

crates/engine/src/cmd/prefscmds.rs

@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ pub const UNITS: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
     ("feet", "Feet"),
 ];
 const LINE_STYLE: &[(&str, &str)] = &[("lines", "Lines"), ("dots", "Dots")];
+/// Performance › Graphics Processor (`gpuPreference`), read by the desktop app at startup.
+pub const GPU_PREFERENCES: &[(&str, &str)] = &[("powerSaving", "Power Saving (integrated)"), ("highPerformance", "High Performance (discrete)")];
 const BLACK: &[(&str, &str)] = &[("accurate", "Display All Blacks Accurately"), ("rich", "Display All Blacks as Rich Black")];
 const BLACK_OUT: &[(&str, &str)] = &[("accurate", "Output All Blacks Accurately"), ("rich", "Output All Blacks as Rich Black")];
 
@@ -260,9 +262,12 @@ pub const PREF_SPECS: &[PrefSpec] = &[
     p!("largeTabs", "User Interface", "", "Large Tabs", bool),
     p!("uiScaling", "User Interface", "UI Scaling", "Scale", num(0.75, 2.0, "×")),
     p!("scaleCursorWithUi", "User Interface", "UI Scaling", "Scale Cursor Proportional to UI", bool),
+    // `auto` or a language code the shell registers (`zh-hant`); the shell shows it as a dropdown.
+    p!("interfaceLanguage", "User Interface", "Language", "Language", text),
     // Performance
     p!("gpuPerformance", "Performance", "GPU Performance", "GPU Performance", bool),
     p!("animatedZoom", "Performance", "GPU Performance", "Animated Zoom", bool),
+    p!("gpuPreference", "Performance", "GPU Performance", "Graphics Processor", choice(GPU_PREFERENCES)),
     p!("historyStates", "Performance", "", "History States", int(5, 1000)),
     p!("realTimeDrawing", "Performance", "", "Real-time Drawing and Editing", bool),
     p!("renderThreads", "Performance", "", "Render Threads (-1 = Automatic)", int(-1, 64)),
@@ -390,6 +395,11 @@ pub fn validate(key: &str, v: &Value) -> std::result::Result<Value, String> {
                 Err(format!("`{key}` must be a #rrggbb colour"))
             }
         }
+        PrefKind::Text if key == "interfaceLanguage" => {
+            let s = v.as_str().map(str::trim).unwrap_or("");
+            let ok = !s.is_empty() && s.len() <= 16 && s.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '-');
+            if ok { Ok(json!(s.to_ascii_lowercase())) } else { Err(format!("`{key}` must be `auto` or a language code such as `en` or `zh-hant`")) }
+        }
         PrefKind::Text => match v {
             Value::String(s) => Ok(json!(s)),
             _ => Err(format!("`{key}` must be a string")),

crates/engine/src/cmd/recovery.rs

@@ -13,9 +13,17 @@
 //!
 //! Every running app (each browser tab) keeps its copies in an area of its own, `<area>/…`, and
 //! holds it while it runs: a lock on the area for its lifetime where the store has locks (folders:
-//! [`FolderStore`]), else a heartbeat it refreshes ([`heartbeat`]; browser storage). Only areas
-//! nobody holds any more (their app is gone) are offered, and while their copies are restored or
-//! discarded the area is held, so two apps launched together never both take it.
+//! [`FolderStore`]), else a heartbeat it refreshes ([`heartbeat`]; browser storage) plus, where the
+//! store can, an announcement that lasts as long as the app ([`RecoveryStore::announce`]: the
+//! browser's Web Locks). Only areas nobody holds any more (their app is gone) are offered, and
+//! while their copies are restored or discarded the area is held, so two apps launched together
+//! never both take it.
+//!
+//! A heartbeat alone can't tell a gone app from one whose timers stopped (a background tab), so
+//! when unsure an area counts as held, and its app repairs what another app did meanwhile: each
+//! heartbeat and each recovery save write again the copies missing from its area ([`repair`]), and
+//! a heartbeat newer than the one another app wrote when taking the area over marks it running
+//! again.
 //!
 //! Each copy is two entries: `<area>/<file>.vectorcraft` (the native document, written as a save
 //! writes it) and `<area>/<file>.json` (its title, original path and format, and when it was
@@ -86,6 +94,17 @@ pub trait RecoveryStore: Send + Sync {
     fn lock(&self, _area: &str) -> std::result::Result<Lock, String> {
         Ok(Lock::Unsupported)
     }
+    /// Stores without locks: also hold area `area` in a way other apps can see that lasts exactly as
+    /// long as this app runs, if the store has one (the browser's Web Locks) → it, until dropped.
+    fn announce(&self, _area: &str) -> Option<Hold> {
+        None
+    }
+    /// Stores without locks: does a running app hold area `area` by [`RecoveryStore::announce`]?
+    /// `None`: the store can't tell (heartbeats alone decide). A store that can tell but isn't sure
+    /// right now says `Some(true)`: a copy kept loses nothing, one deleted may.
+    fn announced(&self, _area: &str) -> Option<bool> {
+        None
+    }
     /// Tidy away area `area` once it holds no copies and nobody holds it (its lock file and folder).
     fn remove_area(&self, _area: &str) {}
     /// The clock heartbeats are judged by (Unix seconds; `None`: none, so no area counts as gone).
@@ -96,17 +115,19 @@ pub trait RecoveryStore: Send + Sync {
 
 /// A store in memory (tests, and hosts without storage). Areas are locked in memory, so sessions
 /// sharing one store behave like apps sharing a folder; [`MemoryStore::without_locks`] uses
-/// heartbeats like browser storage, judged by a clock tests set ([`MemoryStore::set_now`]).
+/// heartbeats like browser storage, judged by a clock tests set ([`MemoryStore::set_now`]), and
+/// [`MemoryStore::announcing`] adds announcements like the browser's Web Locks.
 pub struct MemoryStore {
     entries: Mutex<BTreeMap<String, Vec<u8>>>,
     held: Arc<Mutex<BTreeSet<String>>>,
     locks: bool,
+    announces: bool,
     now: Mutex<Option<i64>>,
 }
 
 impl Default for MemoryStore {
     fn default() -> Self {
-        Self { entries: Default::default(), held: Default::default(), locks: true, now: Mutex::new(Some(1_000_000)) }
+        Self { entries: Default::default(), held: Default::default(), locks: true, announces: false, now: Mutex::new(Some(1_000_000)) }
     }
 }
 
@@ -116,6 +137,19 @@ impl MemoryStore {
         Self { locks: false, ..Self::default() }
     }
 
+    /// A store without locks whose apps also announce the areas they hold for as long as they run
+    /// (as the browser's Web Locks do).
+    pub fn announcing() -> Self {
+        Self { announces: true, ..Self::without_locks() }
+    }
+
+    fn hold(&self, area: &str) -> Option<Hold> {
+        if !self.held.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).insert(area.to_string()) {
+            return None;
+        }
+        Some(Box::new(MemoryHold { held: self.held.clone(), area: area.to_string() }))
+    }
+
     /// Set the clock heartbeats are judged by.
     pub fn set_now(&self, t: i64) {
         *self.now.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()) = Some(t);
@@ -160,10 +194,16 @@ impl RecoveryStore for MemoryStore {
         if !self.locks {
             return Ok(Lock::Unsupported);
         }
-        if !self.held.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).insert(area.to_string()) {
-            return Ok(Lock::Busy);
+        Ok(self.hold(area).map_or(Lock::Busy, Lock::Held))
+    }
+    fn announce(&self, area: &str) -> Option<Hold> {
+        if !self.announces {
+            return None;
         }
-        Ok(Lock::Held(Box::new(MemoryHold { held: self.held.clone(), area: area.to_string() })))
+        self.hold(area)
+    }
+    fn announced(&self, area: &str) -> Option<bool> {
+        self.announces.then(|| self.held.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).contains(area))
     }
     fn now(&self) -> Option<i64> {
         *self.now.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner())
@@ -288,8 +328,11 @@ struct Own {
     /// The store it is in (copies are removed from there even after the preference moves on).
     store: Arc<dyn RecoveryStore>,
     area: String,
-    /// The lock held for the session's lifetime; none in stores with heartbeats.
+    /// What holds the area for the session's lifetime: its lock, else its announcement (stores
+    /// without locks that have them).
     hold: Option<Hold>,
+    /// Held with a heartbeat (stores without locks).
+    beats: bool,
 }
 
 /// The session's recovery store settings and its own area ([`crate::Session::recovery`]).
@@ -300,9 +343,10 @@ pub struct Recovery {
     /// The folder the desktop app keeps copies in when the `recoveryFolder` preference is empty.
     default_folder: Option<String>,
     own: Option<Own>,
-    /// Gone apps' areas this session took over by heartbeat (stores without locks), so its own
-    /// fresh heartbeat there doesn't make them look running.
-    adopted: BTreeSet<String>,
+    /// Gone apps' areas this session took over by heartbeat (stores without locks), with the
+    /// heartbeat it wrote there: that one doesn't make them look running, a newer one does (their
+    /// app was only paused and came back).
+    adopted: BTreeMap<String, i64>,
 }
 
 impl Recovery {
@@ -354,31 +398,52 @@ fn stale_after(s: &Session) -> i64 {
     (i64::from(s.prefs.autosave_interval.max(1)) * 180).max(MIN_STALE)
 }
 
-/// Record that `area`'s app runs (stores without locks).
-fn beat(store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str) -> std::result::Result<(), String> {
+/// Record that `area`'s app runs (stores without locks) → the heartbeat written.
+fn beat(store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str) -> std::result::Result<i64, String> {
     let now = store.now().ok_or("no clock to keep a heartbeat by")?;
-    store.write(&format!("{area}/{BEAT}"), now.to_string().as_bytes())
+    store.write(&format!("{area}/{BEAT}"), now.to_string().as_bytes())?;
+    Ok(now)
 }
 
-/// Has `area`'s app said it runs within `stale` seconds (stores without locks)? Without a clock
-/// every app counts as running.
-fn beating(store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str, stale: i64) -> bool {
+/// Has `area`'s app said it runs within `stale` seconds (stores without locks)? `mine`: the
+/// heartbeat this session wrote there itself when taking the area over, which doesn't count.
+/// Without a clock every app counts as running.
+fn beating(store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str, stale: i64, mine: Option<i64>) -> bool {
     let Some(now) = store.now() else { return true };
     let at = store.read(&format!("{area}/{BEAT}")).ok().and_then(|b| String::from_utf8(b).ok()).and_then(|t| t.trim().parse::<i64>().ok());
-    at.is_some_and(|t| now.saturating_sub(t) <= stale)
+    at.is_some_and(|t| now.saturating_sub(t) <= stale && Some(t) != mine)
 }
 
-/// Refresh this session's heartbeat in a store without locks (the app does this every
-/// [`HEARTBEAT_EVERY`] seconds). Best effort: a missed beat only lets another app offer the copies
-/// once three intervals have passed.
-pub fn heartbeat(s: &Session) {
-    if let Some(own) = s.recovery.own.as_ref().filter(|o| o.hold.is_none()) {
+/// Refresh this session's hold on its area (the app does this every [`HEARTBEAT_EVERY`] seconds,
+/// so also on its first frame after its timers were paused): its heartbeat in a store without
+/// locks, and its copies ([`repair`]) → the documents whose copies went missing (write them now).
+/// Best effort: a missed beat only lets another app offer the copies once three intervals have
+/// passed.
+pub fn heartbeat(s: &mut Session) -> Vec<u64> {
+    if let Some(own) = s.recovery.own.as_ref().filter(|o| o.beats) {
         let _ = beat(own.store.as_ref(), &own.area);
     }
+    repair(s)
+}
+
+/// Forget this session's copies that are missing from its area, so the next recovery save writes
+/// them again → their documents' uids. Another app removes them only when it took this one for
+/// gone (its heartbeat stopped while its timers were paused, as browsers do to background tabs); a
+/// copy it restored is its own now, so both are kept. A store that can't be listed changes nothing.
+pub fn repair(s: &mut Session) -> Vec<u64> {
+    let Some(names) = s.recovery.own.as_ref().and_then(|o| o.store.list().ok()) else { return vec![] };
+    let mut lost = vec![];
+    for st in &mut s.docs {
+        if st.recovery.as_ref().is_some_and(|c| !names.iter().any(|n| n.strip_suffix(DOC_EXT) == Some(c.file.as_str()))) {
+            st.recovery = None;
+            lost.push(st.uid);
+        }
+    }
+    lost
 }
 
 /// This session's area in `store`, taken now if it has none there yet: a fresh area, held for the
-/// session's lifetime (locked, or with a heartbeat).
+/// session's lifetime (locked, or with a heartbeat and an announcement where the store has them).
 pub fn claim(s: &mut Session, store: &Arc<dyn RecoveryStore>) -> Result<String> {
     if let Some(own) = &s.recovery.own {
         if own.store.location() == store.location() {
@@ -394,15 +459,15 @@ pub fn claim(s: &mut Session, store: &Arc<dyn RecoveryStore>) -> Result<String>
         if taken.contains(&area) {
             continue;
         }
-        let hold = match store.lock(&area).map_err(EngineError::Other)? {
-            Lock::Held(h) => Some(h),
+        let (hold, beats) = match store.lock(&area).map_err(EngineError::Other)? {
+            Lock::Held(h) => (Some(h), false),
             Lock::Busy => continue,
             Lock::Unsupported => {
                 beat(store.as_ref(), &area).map_err(EngineError::Other)?;
-                None
+                (store.announce(&area), true)
             }
         };
-        s.recovery.own = Some(Own { store: store.clone(), area: area.clone(), hold });
+        s.recovery.own = Some(Own { store: store.clone(), area: area.clone(), hold, beats });
         return Ok(area);
     }
     Err(EngineError::Other("no free recovery area".into()))
@@ -413,7 +478,7 @@ pub fn release(s: &mut Session) {
     for st in &mut s.docs {
         st.recovery = None;
     }
-    let Some(Own { store, area, hold }) = s.recovery.own.take() else { return };
+    let Some(Own { store, area, hold, .. }) = s.recovery.own.take() else { return };
     let mine = |n: &String| n.split_once('/').is_some_and(|(a, _)| a == area);
     for name in store.list().unwrap_or_default().iter().filter(|n| mine(n)) {
         let _ = store.remove(name);
@@ -531,6 +596,8 @@ fn fresh_name(area: &str, stem: &str, taken: &[String]) -> String {
 /// when it has none and a copy is needed) → (jobs, skipped: `[{title, reason}]` for modified
 /// documents that get none).
 pub fn jobs(s: &mut Session, store: &Arc<dyn RecoveryStore>) -> Result<(Vec<RecoveryJob>, Vec<Value>)> {
+    // Copies another app removed are written again.
+    repair(s);
     let skipped: Vec<Value> = s
         .documents()
         .iter()
@@ -628,7 +695,9 @@ enum Owner {
 
 /// Whose `area` of `store` is. A gone app's area is held by the caller (its lock in `hold` until
 /// dropped) and, with `take` in a store without locks, taken over with a fresh heartbeat, so
-/// another app leaves it alone meanwhile.
+/// another app leaves it alone meanwhile. In a store without locks an area is gone only when
+/// nothing says its app runs: no announcement (or the store can't tell) and no heartbeat for three
+/// intervals but the one this session wrote taking it over.
 fn owner(s: &mut Session, store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str, hold: &mut Vec<Hold>, take: bool) -> Owner {
     if s.recovery.own.as_ref().is_some_and(|o| o.area == area && o.store.location() == store.location()) {
         return Owner::Mine;
@@ -640,14 +709,12 @@ fn owner(s: &mut Session, store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str, hold: &mut Vec<
         }
         Ok(Lock::Busy) | Err(_) => Owner::Running,
         Ok(Lock::Unsupported) => {
-            if !s.recovery.adopted.contains(area) && beating(store, area, stale_after(s)) {
+            if store.announced(area).unwrap_or(false) || beating(store, area, stale_after(s), s.recovery.adopted.get(area).copied()) {
                 return Owner::Running;
             }
-            if take {
-                // Best effort: without it another app might offer the copies too, which loses
-                // nothing.
-                let _ = beat(store, area);
-                s.recovery.adopted.insert(area.to_string());
+            // Best effort: without it another app might offer the copies too, which loses nothing.
+            if take && let Ok(t) = beat(store, area) {
+                s.recovery.adopted.insert(area.to_string(), t);
             }
             Owner::Gone
         }

crates/engine/src/cmd/select.rs

@@ -97,17 +97,12 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
 }
 
 /// Selectable objects: children of visible, unlocked layers (or of the isolation container).
+/// The objects Select All takes: those of the isolated container, else of every layer (looking
+/// through sublayers, which are not objects).
 fn selectable(d: &Document, iso: Option<NodeId>) -> Vec<NodeId> {
     match iso.and_then(|i| d.node(i)) {
-        Some(c) => c.children().map(|v| v.iter().filter(|n| n.visible && !n.locked).map(|n| n.id).collect()).unwrap_or_default(),
-        None => d
-            .layers
-            .iter()
-            .filter(|l| l.visible && !l.locked)
-            .flat_map(|l| l.children().into_iter().flatten())
-            .filter(|n| n.visible && !n.locked)
-            .map(|n| n.id)
-            .collect(),
+        Some(c) => c.layer_art(true),
+        None => d.selectable_art(),
     }
 }
 
@@ -188,7 +183,8 @@ fn key(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     ok()
 }
 
-fn parse_refs(v: Option<&Value>) -> Vec<(usize, usize)> {
+/// `[[subpath, anchor]…]` anchor references (malformed entries are left out).
+pub(crate) fn parse_refs(v: Option<&Value>) -> Vec<(usize, usize)> {
     v.and_then(Value::as_array)
         .map(|a| a.iter().filter_map(|x| Some((x.get(0)?.as_u64()? as usize, x.get(1)?.as_u64()? as usize))).collect())
         .unwrap_or_default()
@@ -249,7 +245,11 @@ fn same(s: &mut Session, cmd: &str, eq: fn(&Node, &Node) -> bool) -> Result<Valu
 /// inside accepted ones); Select > Reselect repeats `cmd` with `p`.
 fn select_where(s: &mut Session, cmd: &str, p: &Value, f: impl Fn(&Document, &Node) -> bool) -> Result<Value> {
     fn visit(d: &Document, n: &Node, f: &impl Fn(&Document, &Node) -> bool, ids: &mut Vec<NodeId>) {
-        if n.visible && !n.locked && !n.is_layer() && f(d, n) {
+        // Hidden or locked objects and sublayers (and what they hold) are out of reach.
+        if !n.visible || n.locked || n.is_template() {
+            return;
+        }
+        if !n.is_layer() && f(d, n) {
             return ids.push(n.id);
         }
         for c in n.children().into_iter().flatten() {
@@ -306,14 +306,9 @@ fn same_attribute(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
 
 fn same_layers(s: &mut Session, _: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let st = s.doc()?;
-    let layers: BTreeSet<NodeId> = st.selection.objects.iter().filter_map(|id| st.doc.layer_of(*id)).collect();
-    let ids: Vec<NodeId> = layers
-        .iter()
-        .filter_map(|l| st.doc.node(*l))
-        .flat_map(|l| l.children().into_iter().flatten())
-        .filter(|n| n.visible && !n.locked)
-        .map(|n| n.id)
-        .collect();
+    // The layers or sublayers the selected objects are on (art in their sublayers too).
+    let layers: BTreeSet<NodeId> = st.selection.objects.iter().filter_map(|id| st.doc.layer_containing(*id)).collect();
+    let ids: Vec<NodeId> = layers.iter().filter_map(|l| st.doc.node(*l)).flat_map(|l| l.layer_art(true)).collect();
     s.select(|_, sel| sel.set(ids.iter().copied()))?;
     ok()
 }

crates/engine/src/cmd/textedit.rs

@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ fn create_in_path(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
         kind,
         xf: Affine::IDENTITY,
         runs: vec![TextRun { text, style }],
-        para: Default::default(),
+        para: super::create::new_type_para(),
         area: Default::default(),
         path_effect: Default::default(),
         wrap: Vec::new(),

crates/engine/src/cmd/textstyles.rs

@@ -115,12 +115,20 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
 
 // ---------- attribute plumbing ----------
 
+/// `v` as a JSON map with one key per attribute: Auto alignment, which files save as its
+/// direction's alignment plus `justify_auto` (see `vectorcraft_doc::ParaStyle`), is `"justify":
+/// "Auto"`, so a style's `justify` replaces it.
+fn to_map<T: Serialize>(v: &T) -> Option<Map<String, Value>> {
+    let Ok(Value::Object(mut m)) = serde_json::to_value(v) else { return None };
+    if m.remove("justify_auto") == Some(Value::Bool(true)) {
+        m.insert("justify".into(), Value::from("Auto"));
+    }
+    Some(m)
+}
+
 /// A style's attributes as a JSON map, without the style name.
 fn to_attrs<T: Serialize>(v: &T) -> Map<String, Value> {
-    let mut m = match serde_json::to_value(v) {
-        Ok(Value::Object(m)) => m,
-        _ => Map::new(),
-    };
+    let mut m = to_map(v).unwrap_or_default();
     m.remove("style_name");
     m
 }
@@ -128,7 +136,7 @@ fn to_attrs<T: Serialize>(v: &T) -> Map<String, Value> {
 /// `base` with `attrs` written over it (unknown or ill-typed attributes are an error).
 fn with_attrs<T: Serialize + DeserializeOwned>(base: &T, attrs: &Map<String, Value>, cmd: &str) -> Result<T> {
     let mut m = to_attrs(base);
-    if let Ok(Value::Object(full)) = serde_json::to_value(base) {
+    if let Some(full) = to_map(base) {
         m.insert("style_name".into(), full.get("style_name").cloned().unwrap_or(Value::Null));
     }
     for (k, v) in attrs {
@@ -144,7 +152,7 @@ fn with_attrs<T: Serialize + DeserializeOwned>(base: &T, attrs: &Map<String, Val
 /// value (or not set by it) take the new value; overrides stay. Unchanged if the style doesn't
 /// round-trip through JSON.
 fn restyle<T: Serialize + DeserializeOwned + Clone>(cur: &T, old: &Map<String, Value>, new: &Map<String, Value>) -> T {
-    let Ok(Value::Object(mut m)) = serde_json::to_value(cur) else { return cur.clone() };
+    let Some(mut m) = to_map(cur) else { return cur.clone() };
     for (k, v) in new {
         if old.get(k).is_none_or(|o| m.get(k) == Some(o)) {
             m.insert(k.clone(), v.clone());

crates/engine/src/cmd/typecmd.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_doc::{Document, Justify, Node, NodeId, NodeKind, TextObject};
-use vectorcraft_geom::PathData;
+use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, PathData, Vec2};
 
 use super::edit::selected_roots;
 use super::pathops::{len_param, num_param, shape_node};
@@ -48,10 +48,19 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Area Type Options…",
             ["Type"],
             None,
-            "{ids?, rows?, columns?, gutter?: pt, inset?: pt, firstBaseline?: ascent|capHeight|xHeight|leading|fixed, firstBaselineMin?: pt} set the selected area type's options (none given: query) → the first object's options",
+            "{ids?, width?: pt, height?: pt, rows?, columns?, gutter?: pt, inset?: pt, firstBaseline?: ascent|capHeight|xHeight|leading|fixed, firstBaselineMin?: pt} set the selected area type's options; width and height size the type area from its top-left corner, along the type's own axes, and the text reflows at its size (none given: query) → the first object's options",
             has_selection,
             area_options
         ),
+        cmd!(
+            "text.reshapeArea",
+            "Reshape Type Area",
+            [],
+            None,
+            "{id, anchors: [[subpath, anchor]…], dx, dy} move anchors of area type's frame (the type area) by dx, dy points, with their handles; the text reflows at its size, through its thread too (what Direct Selection does dragging a frame corner or edge)",
+            has_doc,
+            reshape_area
+        ),
         cmd!(
             "text.fitHeadline",
             "Fit Headline",
@@ -66,7 +75,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Character",
             [],
             None,
-            "{ids?|id?, font?, style?, size?: pt, leading?: pt|\"auto\", tracking?: 1/1000 em, justify?: \"left\"|\"center\"|\"right\"|\"justifyAll\", fill?: colour, features?: [\"dlig\", \"-liga\", …] OpenType}",
+            "{ids?|id?, font?, style?, size?: pt, leading?: pt|\"auto\", tracking?: 1/1000 em, justify?: \"auto\" (the start of each paragraph's direction)|\"left\"|\"center\"|\"right\"|\"justifyAll\", fill?: colour, features?: [\"dlig\", \"-liga\", …] OpenType}",
             has_doc,
             set_style
         ),
@@ -181,6 +190,7 @@ fn set_text(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
 
 fn justify_param(v: &str) -> Option<Justify> {
     Some(match v.to_ascii_lowercase().as_str() {
+        "auto" => Justify::Auto,
         "left" => Justify::Left,
         "center" => Justify::Center,
         "right" => Justify::Right,
@@ -207,7 +217,7 @@ fn set_style(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     };
     let tracking = num_param(p, "tracking");
     let justify = match str_param(p, "justify") {
-        Some(j) => Some(justify_param(j).ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "justify must be left|center|right|justifyAll"))?),
+        Some(j) => Some(justify_param(j).ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "justify must be auto|left|center|right|justifyAll"))?),
         None => None,
     };
     let fill = match p.get("fill") {
@@ -265,25 +275,82 @@ fn set_style(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     Ok(json!({ "ids": ids.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>() }))
 }
 
+/// Reshape area type's frame with `f` ([`TextObject::transform_area`],
+/// [`TextObject::move_area_anchors`]) and lay its text out again. False, changing nothing, when
+/// `f` fails or the frame would reach past [`crate::MAX_COORD`] (the text flows over its height).
+pub(crate) fn reshape_area_with(t: &mut TextObject, f: impl FnOnce(&mut TextObject) -> bool) -> bool {
+    let before = t.kind.clone();
+    let within = |t: &TextObject| match &t.kind {
+        vectorcraft_doc::TextKind::Area { frame } => {
+            frame.bounds().is_some_and(|b| [b.x0, b.y0, b.x1, b.y1].iter().all(|v| v.abs() <= crate::MAX_COORD))
+        }
+        _ => false,
+    };
+    if !(f(t) && within(t)) {
+        t.kind = before;
+        return false;
+    }
+    refresh_bounds(t);
+    true
+}
+
+/// Area type's text, if `n` is area type.
+fn area_text(n: Option<&Node>) -> Option<&TextObject> {
+    match n.map(|n| &n.kind) {
+        Some(NodeKind::Text(t)) if matches!(t.kind, vectorcraft_doc::TextKind::Area { .. }) => Some(t),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+/// The width and height of area type's frame in points, along the type's own axes, and the frame's
+/// bounds in text space.
+fn area_size(t: &TextObject) -> Option<(f64, f64, vectorcraft_geom::Rect)> {
+    let vectorcraft_doc::TextKind::Area { frame } = &t.kind else { return None };
+    let b = frame.bounds()?;
+    let [a, bb, c, d, _, _] = t.xf.as_coeffs();
+    Some((b.width() * a.hypot(bb), b.height() * c.hypot(d), b))
+}
+
+/// Size area type's frame to `w` × `h` points (None: keep that side) from its top-left corner,
+/// and lay its text out again. False when the frame doesn't change.
+fn size_area(t: &mut TextObject, w: Option<f64>, h: Option<f64>) -> bool {
+    let Some((cw, ch, b)) = area_size(t) else { return false };
+    let factor = |to: Option<f64>, cur: f64| match to {
+        Some(to) if cur > 1e-9 && (to - cur).abs() > 1e-9 => to / cur,
+        _ => 1.0,
+    };
+    let (sx, sy) = (factor(w, cw), factor(h, ch));
+    if sx == 1.0 && sy == 1.0 {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let o = Affine::translate(b.origin().to_vec2());
+    let a = t.xf * o * Affine::scale_non_uniform(sx, sy) * o.inverse() * t.xf.inverse();
+    reshape_area_with(t, |t| t.transform_area(a))
+}
+
 fn area_options(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     const C: &str = "text.areaOptions";
     let ids: Vec<NodeId> = {
         let d = &s.doc()?.doc;
-        text_targets(s, p, C)?
-            .into_iter()
-            .filter(|i| matches!(d.node(*i).map(|n| &n.kind), Some(NodeKind::Text(t)) if matches!(t.kind, vectorcraft_doc::TextKind::Area { .. })))
-            .collect()
+        text_targets(s, p, C)?.into_iter().filter(|i| area_text(d.node(*i)).is_some()).collect()
     };
-    let first = ids.first().ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "select area type (text in a frame)"))?;
-    let current = match &s.doc()?.doc.node(*first).map(|n| &n.kind) {
-        Some(NodeKind::Text(t)) => t.area.clone(),
-        _ => return Err(bad(C, "select area type (text in a frame)")),
+    let first = *ids.first().ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "select area type (text in a frame)"))?;
+    let options = |s: &Session| -> Result<Value> {
+        let t = area_text(s.doc()?.doc.node(first)).ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "select area type (text in a frame)"))?;
+        let mut v = serde_json::to_value(&t.area).map_err(|e| EngineError::Other(e.to_string()))?;
+        if let (Some(o), Some((w, h, _))) = (v.as_object_mut(), area_size(t)) {
+            o.insert("width".into(), json!(w));
+            o.insert("height".into(), json!(h));
+        }
+        Ok(v)
     };
-    let mut v = serde_json::to_value(&current).map_err(|e| EngineError::Other(e.to_string()))?;
-    let mut changed = false;
+    let mut v = options(s)?;
+    let size = |k: &str| p.get(k).and_then(Value::as_f64).map(|x| x.clamp(1.0, 100_000.0));
+    let (w, h) = (size("width"), size("height"));
+    let mut changed = w.is_some() || h.is_some();
     if let (Some(o), Some(src)) = (v.as_object_mut(), p.as_object()) {
         for (k, val) in src {
-            if o.contains_key(k) && k != "ids" {
+            if o.contains_key(k) && !matches!(k.as_str(), "ids" | "width" | "height") {
                 o.insert(k.clone(), val.clone());
                 changed = true;
             }
@@ -298,23 +365,116 @@ fn area_options(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     opts.gutter = opts.gutter.clamp(0.0, 10_000.0);
     opts.inset = opts.inset.clamp(0.0, 10_000.0);
     opts.first_baseline_min = opts.first_baseline_min.clamp(0.0, 10_000.0);
-    let out = serde_json::to_value(&opts).map_err(|e| EngineError::Other(e.to_string()))?;
     s.edit("Area Type Options", |d, _| {
         for id in &ids {
             if let Some(NodeKind::Text(t)) = d.node_mut(*id).map(|n| &mut n.kind) {
                 t.area = opts.clone();
-                refresh_bounds(t);
+                // A resized frame has laid its text out again; otherwise the new options do here.
+                if !size_area(t, w, h) {
+                    refresh_bounds(t);
+                }
             }
         }
         Ok(())
     })?;
-    Ok(out)
+    options(s)
+}
+
+fn reshape_area(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
+    const C: &str = "text.reshapeArea";
+    let id = id_param(p, "id").ok_or_else(|| bad(C, "missing id"))?;
+    let mut refs = super::select::parse_refs(p.get("anchors"));
+    refs.sort_unstable();
+    refs.dedup();
+    if refs.is_empty() {
+        return Err(bad(C, "missing anchors [[subpath, anchor]…]"));
+    }
+    let d = Vec2::new(f64_req(p, "dx", C)?, f64_req(p, "dy", C)?);
+    let node = s.doc()?.doc.node(id);
+    if area_text(node).is_none() || node.is_some_and(|n| n.perspective.is_some()) {
+        return Err(bad(C, "not area type (text in a frame) outside perspective"));
+    }
+    s.edit("Reshape Type Area", |doc, _| {
+        let Some(NodeKind::Text(t)) = doc.node_mut(id).map(|n| &mut n.kind) else { return Err(EngineError::NoNode(id)) };
+        if !reshape_area_with(t, |t| t.move_area_anchors(&refs, d)) {
+            return Err(bad(C, "no such frame anchor, or the frame would reach past the canvas"));
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    })?;
+    ok()
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod area_tests {
     use super::*;
 
+    #[test]
+    fn leading_model_is_set_per_paragraph_and_saved_only_when_top_to_top() {
+        use vectorcraft_doc::LeadingModel;
+        let mut s = Session::new();
+        s.execute("file.new", &json!({"width": 400, "height": 400})).unwrap();
+        let id = s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 10, "text": "一\n二", "area": {"width": 200, "height": 100}})).unwrap()["id"]
+            .as_u64()
+            .unwrap();
+        let text = |s: &Session| match &s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(NodeId(id)).unwrap().kind {
+            NodeKind::Text(t) => (**t).clone(),
+            _ => panic!("text"),
+        };
+        assert_eq!(text(&s).para.leading_model, LeadingModel::RomanBaseline);
+        s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [id]})).unwrap();
+        assert!(s.execute("text.setFormat", &json!({"leadingModel": "middle"})).is_err());
+        let before = text(&s).cached_bounds;
+        s.execute("text.setFormat", &json!({"leadingModel": "emBoxTop"})).unwrap();
+        let t = text(&s);
+        assert_eq!(t.para.leading_model, LeadingModel::EmBoxTop);
+        assert_ne!(t.cached_bounds, before, "the first line moves up to the frame's top");
+        assert_eq!(serde_json::to_value(&t.para).unwrap()["leading_model"], "emBoxTop");
+        s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        assert!(serde_json::to_value(&text(&s).para).unwrap().get("leading_model").is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn new_type_is_composed_with_line_end_half_width_punctuation() {
+        use vectorcraft_doc::Mojikumi;
+        let mut s = Session::new();
+        s.execute("file.new", &json!({"width": 400, "height": 400})).unwrap();
+        let id = s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 50, "text": "雅楽。"})).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap();
+        let para = |s: &Session| match &s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(NodeId(id)).unwrap().kind {
+            NodeKind::Text(t) => t.para.clone(),
+            _ => panic!("text"),
+        };
+        assert_eq!(para(&s).mojikumi, Mojikumi::LineEndHalf);
+        s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [id]})).unwrap();
+        assert!(s.execute("text.setFormat", &json!({"mojikumi": "everything"})).is_err());
+        s.execute("text.setFormat", &json!({"mojikumi": "none"})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(para(&s).mojikumi, Mojikumi::None);
+        s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(para(&s).mojikumi, Mojikumi::LineEndHalf);
+        // Saved only when set; documents from before it read as None.
+        let json = serde_json::to_value(para(&s)).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(json["mojikumi"], "lineEndHalf");
+        let old: vectorcraft_doc::ParaStyle = serde_json::from_value(json!({"justify": "Left"})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(old.mojikumi, Mojikumi::None);
+        assert!(serde_json::to_value(&old).unwrap().get("mojikumi").is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn vertical_point_type_keeps_its_anchor_on_the_column_centre_line() {
+        let mut s = Session::new();
+        s.execute("file.new", &json!({"width": 400, "height": 400})).unwrap();
+        let id = s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 100, "y": 50, "text": "§§§§ abc"})).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap();
+        let bounds = |s: &Session| s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(NodeId(id)).unwrap().geometric_bounds().unwrap();
+        let wide = bounds(&s);
+        assert!(wide.width() > wide.height());
+        s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [id]})).unwrap();
+        s.execute("type.orientation.vertical", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        let tall = bounds(&s);
+        assert!(tall.height() > tall.width(), "{tall:?}");
+        assert!((tall.center().x - 100.0).abs() < 6.0, "the anchor stays on the column's centre line: {tall:?}");
+        s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(bounds(&s), wide);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn area_options_columns_change_layout() {
         let mut s = Session::new();

crates/engine/src/cmd/typemenu.rs

@@ -275,6 +275,7 @@ fn to_area(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
             let (sl, sr) = match t.para.justify {
                 Justify::Center | Justify::JustifyCenter => (slack * 0.5, slack * 0.5),
                 Justify::Right | Justify::JustifyRight => (slack, 0.0),
+                Justify::Auto if lay.lines.first().is_some_and(|l| l.rtl) => (slack, 0.0),
                 _ => (0.0, slack),
             };
             let frame = Rect::new(b.x0 - sl, top, b.x1 + sr, b.y1.max(top + 1.0));
@@ -330,6 +331,7 @@ fn to_point(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
             let ox = match t.para.justify {
                 Justify::Center | Justify::JustifyCenter => (x0 + x1) * 0.5,
                 Justify::Right | Justify::JustifyRight => x1,
+                Justify::Auto if lay.lines.first().is_some_and(|l| l.rtl) => x1,
                 _ => x0,
             };
             t.kind = TextKind::Point;

crates/engine/src/cmd/xform.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_color::Paint;
-use vectorcraft_doc::{Node, NodeId, NodeKind};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{Node, NodeKind};
 use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, Point, Rect, Vec2};
 
 use super::edit::selected_roots;
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Move Artboard",
             [],
             None,
-            "{index, dx, dy, moveArt?: bool} move an artboard (and the unlocked art fully inside it)",
+            "{index, dx, dy, moveArt?: bool, copy?: bool} move an artboard (and the unlocked art fully inside it); `copy` (Alt-drag) leaves them and moves copies → {index, moved: the art moved or the copies}",
             has_doc,
             artboard_move
         ),
@@ -374,40 +374,32 @@ fn artboard_move(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let move_art = bool_or(p, "moveArt", false);
     let st = s.doc()?;
     let rect = st.doc.artboards.get(i).map(|a| a.rect).ok_or_else(|| EngineError::Other("no such artboard".into()))?;
-    // Top-level objects (children of layers) lying entirely inside the artboard.
-    let mut art = vec![];
-    if move_art {
-        fn collect(n: &Node, rect: Rect, out: &mut Vec<NodeId>) {
-            for c in n.children().into_iter().flatten() {
-                if c.locked {
-                    continue;
-                }
-                if c.is_layer() {
-                    collect(c, rect, out);
-                } else if let Some(b) = c.geometric_bounds()
-                    && rect.contains(Point::new(b.x0, b.y0))
-                    && rect.contains(Point::new(b.x1, b.y1))
-                {
-                    out.push(c.id);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        for l in &st.doc.layers {
-            if !l.locked {
-                collect(l, rect, &mut art);
-            }
-        }
-    }
+    let art = if move_art { st.doc.art_on_artboard(rect) } else { vec![] };
     let scale_strokes = s.prefs.scale_strokes;
-    s.edit("Move Artboard", |d, _| {
-        let a = d.artboards.get_mut(i).ok_or_else(|| EngineError::Other("no such artboard".into()))?;
-        a.rect = a.rect + dv;
-        for id in &art {
-            if let Some(n) = d.node_mut(*id) {
-                n.transform(Affine::translate(dv), scale_strokes);
+    let copy = bool_or(p, "copy", false);
+    let (index, moved) = s.edit(if copy { "Duplicate Artboard" } else { "Move Artboard" }, |d, _| {
+        let src = d.artboards.get(i).cloned().ok_or_else(|| EngineError::Other("no such artboard".into()))?;
+        // A copy keeps the artboard (and its art) where they are and moves duplicates instead.
+        if !copy {
+            if let Some(a) = d.artboards.get_mut(i) {
+                a.rect = src.rect + dv;
             }
+            for id in &art {
+                if let Some(n) = d.node_mut(*id) {
+                    n.transform(Affine::translate(dv), scale_strokes);
+                }
+            }
+            return Ok((i, art.clone()));
         }
-        Ok(())
+        let index = super::panelcmds::push_artboard_copy(d, &src, src.rect + dv);
+        let mut copies = Vec::with_capacity(art.len());
+        for id in &art {
+            let (Some((parent, at, _)), Some(n)) = (d.position(*id), d.node(*id).cloned()) else { continue };
+            let mut c = d.reid(&n);
+            c.transform(Affine::translate(dv), scale_strokes);
+            copies.push(d.insert(parent, at + 1, c)?);
+        }
+        Ok((index, copies))
     })?;
-    Ok(json!({ "index": i, "moved": art.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>() }))
+    Ok(json!({ "index": index, "moved": moved.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>() }))
 }

crates/engine/src/inspect.rs

@@ -29,7 +29,21 @@ pub fn node_summary(n: &Node) -> Value {
     if n.bbox_angle != 0.0 {
         v["rotation"] = json!(n.bbox_angle);
     }
-    if !n.is_container() {
+    if let NodeKind::Text(t) = &n.kind {
+        // Type shows its characters' paint: the first run's, as paint.proxies and the Stroke
+        // options read it. Fills and strokes of the type object itself, above or below its
+        // characters, come separately so the two stay apart.
+        let default = vectorcraft_doc::CharStyle::default();
+        let style = t.runs.first().map_or(&default, |r| &r.style);
+        v["fill"] = json!(style.fill.label());
+        v["stroke"] = json!(style.stroke.label());
+        v["strokeWidth"] = json!(if style.stroke.is_none() { 0.0 } else { style.stroke_width });
+        if n.appearance.fill().is_some() || n.appearance.stroke().is_some() {
+            v["objectFill"] = json!(n.appearance.fill_paint().label());
+            v["objectStroke"] = json!(n.appearance.stroke_paint().label());
+            v["objectStrokeWidth"] = json!(n.appearance.stroke_width());
+        }
+    } else if !n.is_container() {
         v["fill"] = json!(n.appearance.fill_paint().label());
         v["stroke"] = json!(n.appearance.stroke_paint().label());
         v["strokeWidth"] = json!(n.appearance.stroke_width());
@@ -38,6 +52,15 @@ pub fn node_summary(n: &Node) -> Value {
         v["strokeOptions"] = stroke_options(&st);
     }
     match &n.kind {
+        NodeKind::Layer { color, template, printable, preview, dim_images, clip, .. } => {
+            let [r, g, b] = color.rgb();
+            v["color"] = json!(format!("#{r:02x}{g:02x}{b:02x}"));
+            v["template"] = json!(template);
+            v["printable"] = json!(printable);
+            v["preview"] = json!(preview);
+            v["dimImages"] = json!(dim_images);
+            v["clip"] = json!(clip);
+        }
         NodeKind::Path { path, .. } => {
             v["anchors"] = json!(path.anchor_count());
             v["closed"] = json!(path.is_closed());
@@ -65,6 +88,8 @@ pub fn document(s: &Session) -> Value {
         // Top of the stack first, like the Layers panel.
         "layers": d.layers.iter().rev().map(|l| node_summary(l)).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
         "currentLayer": st.active_layer.map(|l| l.0),
+        // The rows highlighted in the Layers panel (`layer.setCurrent`, `layer.highlight`).
+        "layerRows": st.highlighted_rows().iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
         "isolation": st.isolation.map(|l| l.0),
         "selection": st.selection.objects.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
         "selectionBounds": rect_json(d.bounds_of(&st.selection.objects, false)),

crates/engine/src/lib.rs

@@ -102,6 +102,11 @@ pub struct DocState {
     saved_doc: Arc<Document>,
     /// The layer new art goes into (the "current layer" in the Layers panel).
     pub active_layer: Option<NodeId>,
+    /// The rows highlighted in the Layers panel (layers, sublayers, groups or objects, in the order
+    /// they were clicked): what the panel's Duplicate, Delete, Merge, Options… and similar act on.
+    /// Panel state, not art selection: not saved, not undoable (`layer.setCurrent`,
+    /// `layer.highlight`).
+    pub layer_rows: Vec<NodeId>,
     /// Isolation mode container.
     pub isolation: Option<NodeId>,
     pub interaction: Option<Interaction>,
@@ -156,6 +161,7 @@ impl DocState {
             path,
             revision: 1,
             active_layer,
+            layer_rows: vec![],
             isolation: None,
             interaction: None,
             last_transform: None,
@@ -236,7 +242,13 @@ impl DocState {
         {
             return Some(i);
         }
-        self.active_layer.filter(|l| self.doc.node(*l).is_some_and(|n| n.is_layer() && !n.locked)).or_else(|| self.doc.default_layer())
+        // A sublayer takes new art only while it and the layers around it are shown and unlocked.
+        self.active_layer.filter(|l| self.doc.node(*l).is_some_and(|n| n.is_layer()) && self.doc.is_editable(*l)).or_else(|| self.doc.default_layer())
+    }
+    /// The highlighted Layers panel rows that still exist (ids are reused after undo, so a
+    /// remembered row must still be in the document).
+    pub fn highlighted_rows(&self) -> Vec<NodeId> {
+        self.layer_rows.iter().copied().filter(|id| self.doc.node(*id).is_some()).collect()
     }
     /// The object whose opacity mask View Opacity Mask shows ([`DocState::mask_view`]): only while
     /// its mask is being edited, so leaving editing by any route (undo, deleting the object) ends it.
@@ -391,9 +403,18 @@ pub struct Prefs {
     pub large_tabs: bool,
     pub ui_scaling: f64,
     pub scale_cursor_with_ui: bool,
+    /// UI language: `auto` (follow the system locale) or a language code such as `en`, `zh-hant`.
+    /// The list of languages belongs to the shell (`ui-egui` i18n); an unknown code reads as `auto`.
+    pub interface_language: String,
     // Performance
     pub gpu_performance: bool,
     pub animated_zoom: bool,
+    /// Which graphics processor the desktop app asks for at startup (it takes effect after a
+    /// restart): `powerSaving` (the integrated GPU on hybrid-graphics laptops) or `highPerformance`
+    /// (the discrete one). The canvas is rasterized on the CPU and only composited on the GPU, so
+    /// the integrated GPU is plenty; presenting from the discrete GPU through the integrated one
+    /// made some hybrid laptops flicker (#306). Single-GPU machines are unaffected.
+    pub gpu_preference: String,
     pub history_states: u32,
     pub real_time_drawing: bool,
     /// Rasterizer worker threads; -1 = automatic.
@@ -592,8 +613,10 @@ impl Default for Prefs {
             large_tabs: false,
             ui_scaling: 1.0,
             scale_cursor_with_ui: false,
+            interface_language: s("auto"),
             gpu_performance: true,
             animated_zoom: true,
+            gpu_preference: s("powerSaving"),
             history_states: 500,
             real_time_drawing: true,
             render_threads: -1,
@@ -1058,8 +1081,18 @@ impl Session {
     pub fn select(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&Document, &mut Selection)) -> Result<()> {
         self.active_appearance_item = None;
         let st = self.doc_mut()?;
+        let before = st.selection.objects.clone();
         f(&st.doc, &mut st.selection);
         st.selection.prune(&st.doc);
+        // Selecting art makes its layer (or sublayer) the current one, as in the Layers panel of
+        // the reference app: new art then goes beside it.
+        if st.selection.objects != before
+            && let Some(layer) = st.selection.objects.last().and_then(|id| st.doc.layer_containing(*id)).filter(|l| st.doc.is_editable(*l))
+            && st.active_layer != Some(layer)
+        {
+            st.active_layer = Some(layer);
+            st.layer_rows.clear();
+        }
         st.revision += 1;
         // Puppet Warp pins belong to the art they were placed on: another selection starts afresh.
         if st.doc.puppet.as_ref().is_some_and(|p| p.ids != st.selection.objects) {
@@ -1256,6 +1289,8 @@ mod tests_labspots;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_layerclip;
 #[cfg(test)]
+mod tests_layers;
+#[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_linked_stops;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_links;
@@ -1384,6 +1419,8 @@ mod tests_toolsettings;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_transparencygrid;
 #[cfg(test)]
+mod tests_typearea;
+#[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_units;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_webexport;

crates/engine/src/tests.rs

@@ -252,6 +252,33 @@ fn pen_tool_draws_closed_path() {
     assert!(p.is_closed());
 }
 
+/// Auto Add/Delete: a Pen click on a selected path's segment adds an anchor, unless General →
+/// Disable Auto Add/Delete is on.
+#[test]
+fn pen_click_on_a_selected_path_adds_an_anchor_unless_disabled() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let v = ViewInfo::default();
+    let r = s.execute("path.create", &json!({"anchors": [{"x": 10, "y": 100}, {"x": 110, "y": 100}, {"x": 210, "y": 100}]})).unwrap();
+    let id = NodeId(r["id"].as_u64().unwrap());
+    s.execute("select.all", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    s.select_tool("pen", v).unwrap();
+    let click = |s: &mut Session| {
+        s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Down, 60.0, 101.0), v).unwrap();
+        s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Up, 60.0, 101.0), v).unwrap();
+    };
+    click(&mut s);
+    let d = &s.doc().unwrap().doc;
+    assert_eq!(d.layers[0].children().unwrap().len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(d.node(id).unwrap().path_data().unwrap().anchor_count(), 4);
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("prefs.set", &json!({"key": "disableAutoAddDelete", "value": true})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("select.all", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    click(&mut s);
+    let d = &s.doc().unwrap().doc;
+    assert_eq!(d.layers[0].children().unwrap().len(), 2, "a new path starts");
+    assert_eq!(d.node(id).unwrap().path_data().unwrap().anchor_count(), 3);
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn direct_selection_moves_one_anchor() {
     let mut s = session();
@@ -267,6 +294,43 @@ fn direct_selection_moves_one_anchor() {
     assert_eq!(p.subpaths[0].anchors[1].p, vectorcraft_geom::Point::new(200.0, 100.0));
 }
 
+/// Dragging a curved segment with Direct Selection bends it (its anchors stay), and dragging a
+/// straight one moves its two anchors, not the whole path; each is one undo step.
+#[test]
+fn direct_selection_drags_segments() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let v = ViewInfo::default();
+    let drag = |s: &mut Session, from: (f64, f64), to: (f64, f64)| {
+        s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Down, from.0, from.1), v).unwrap();
+        s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Drag, to.0, to.1), v).unwrap();
+        s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Up, to.0, to.1), v).unwrap();
+    };
+    let arch = &json!({"anchors": [{"x": 100, "y": 200, "out": [100, 100]}, {"x": 300, "y": 200, "in": [300, 100]}]});
+    let arch = NodeId(s.execute("path.create", arch).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap());
+    let square = &json!({"anchors": [{"x": 150, "y": 400}, {"x": 150, "y": 300}, {"x": 250, "y": 300}, {"x": 250, "y": 400}], "closed": true});
+    let square = NodeId(s.execute("path.create", square).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap());
+    s.execute("select.none", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    s.select_tool("directSelection", v).unwrap();
+    let steps = |s: &Session| s.doc().unwrap().history.undo.len();
+    let before = steps(&s);
+    // The arch's middle, 40 up: the curve bends, its two anchors stay.
+    drag(&mut s, (200.0, 125.0), (200.0, 85.0));
+    let sp = s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(arch).unwrap().path_data().unwrap().subpaths[0].clone();
+    let (a, b) = (sp.anchors[0], sp.anchors[1]);
+    assert_eq!((a.p, b.p), (vectorcraft_geom::Point::new(100.0, 200.0), vectorcraft_geom::Point::new(300.0, 200.0)), "the anchors stay");
+    assert!(a.h_out.y < 100.0 && b.h_in.y < 100.0, "the curve bent up: {a:?} {b:?}");
+    assert_eq!(steps(&s), before + 1);
+    // The square's top edge, 40 up: its two anchors move, the bottom two stay.
+    drag(&mut s, (200.0, 300.0), (200.0, 260.0));
+    let sq = s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(square).unwrap().geometric_bounds().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((sq.y0, sq.y1, sq.x0, sq.x1), (260.0, 400.0, 150.0, 250.0), "the edge moved, the rest stayed");
+    assert_eq!(steps(&s), before + 2);
+    // Its fill still moves the whole square.
+    drag(&mut s, (200.0, 350.0), (200.0, 330.0));
+    let sq = s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(square).unwrap().geometric_bounds().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((sq.y0, sq.y1), (240.0, 380.0), "the whole path moved");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn text_create_has_bounds() {
     let mut s = session();
@@ -285,6 +349,54 @@ fn inspect_lists_everything() {
     assert!(s.commands().len() > 100);
 }
 
+/// `document.node {summary: true}` answers the `document.inspect` shape for one node:
+/// the same fields the full-tree summary carries, without serializing the whole tree.
+#[test]
+fn document_node_summary_matches_inspect() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0).0;
+    let full = s.execute("document.node", &json!({"id": id})).unwrap();
+    assert!(full.get("bounds").is_none(), "full object JSON carries geometry, not bounds: {full}");
+    let summary = s.execute("document.node", &json!({"id": id, "summary": true})).unwrap();
+    let v = s.execute("document.inspect", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let node = v["layers"][0]["children"].as_array().unwrap().iter().find(|n| n["id"] == id).cloned().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(summary, node, "{summary} vs {node}");
+    assert!(s.execute("document.node", &json!({"id": 999999, "summary": true})).is_err());
+}
+
+/// Type reports the paint its characters show, and its own object-level paint apart from it.
+#[test]
+fn inspect_reports_the_paint_of_types_characters() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 50, "y": 60, "text": "HI", "size": 24})).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    s.execute("paint.setFill", &json!({"color": "#ff0000", "ids": [id]})).unwrap();
+    let node = |s: &mut Session| {
+        let v = s.execute("document.inspect", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        v["layers"][0]["children"].as_array().unwrap().iter().find(|n| n["id"] == id).cloned().unwrap()
+    };
+    let t = node(&mut s);
+    assert_eq!((t["fill"].as_str(), t["stroke"].as_str(), t["strokeWidth"].as_f64()), (Some("#ff0000"), Some("None"), Some(0.0)), "{t}");
+    assert!(t.get("objectFill").is_none(), "no object-level paint: {t}");
+    s.execute("paint.setFill", &json!({"color": "#0000ff", "ids": [id]})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("paint.setStroke", &json!({"color": "#00ff00", "ids": [id]})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("stroke.set", &json!({"weight": 3, "ids": [id]})).unwrap();
+    let t = node(&mut s);
+    assert_eq!((t["fill"].as_str(), t["stroke"].as_str(), t["strokeWidth"].as_f64()), (Some("#0000ff"), Some("#00ff00"), Some(3.0)), "{t}");
+    // An object-level fill on the type stays distinguishable from its characters' paint.
+    s.execute("appearance.addFill", &json!({"ids": [id]})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("paint.setFill", &json!({"color": "#ffff00", "item": 0, "ids": [id]})).unwrap();
+    let t = node(&mut s);
+    assert_eq!(t["objectFill"], "#ffff00", "{t}");
+    assert_eq!(t["fill"], "#0000ff", "{t}");
+    // A path keeps reporting its own appearance.
+    let r = s.execute("shape.rectangle", &json!({"x": 0, "y": 0, "width": 10, "height": 10})).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    s.execute("paint.setFill", &json!({"color": "#ff0000", "ids": [r]})).unwrap();
+    let v = s.execute("document.inspect", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let rect = v["layers"][0]["children"].as_array().unwrap().iter().find(|n| n["id"] == r).cloned().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(rect["fill"], "#ff0000");
+    assert!(rect.get("objectFill").is_none());
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn every_command_has_unique_id_and_doc() {
     let mut ids: Vec<&str> = command_specs().iter().map(|c| c.id).collect();
@@ -510,3 +622,20 @@ fn a_panicking_command_rolls_back_instead_of_crashing() {
     assert!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(b).is_some());
     assert_eq!(s.journal.last().map(|j| j.0.as_str()), Some("shape.rectangle"));
 }
+
+/// New layers and sublayers share one "Layer N" numbering, whatever art the document holds, and
+/// never repeat a name.
+#[test]
+fn new_layers_and_sublayers_are_numbered_together() {
+    let name = |s: &Session, id: &Value| s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(NodeId(id["id"].as_u64().unwrap())).unwrap().display_name().to_string();
+    let mut s = session();
+    let sub = s.execute("layer.newSublayer", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(name(&s, &sub), "Layer 2", "not its parent's name");
+    for x in [0.0, 60.0, 120.0, 180.0, 240.0] {
+        rect(&mut s, x, 0.0, 50.0, 50.0);
+    }
+    let layer = s.execute("layer.new", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(name(&s, &layer), "Layer 3", "after the sublayer, not a repeat of it");
+    let sub = s.execute("layer.newSublayer", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(name(&s, &sub), "Layer 4", "the art doesn't count");
+}

crates/engine/src/tests_build.rs

@@ -310,6 +310,56 @@ fn live_paint_bucket_tool_fills_face() {
     assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects, vec![f.id]);
 }
 
+fn line(s: &mut Session, a: (f64, f64), b: (f64, f64)) -> NodeId {
+    let r = s.execute("shape.line", &json!({"x1": a.0, "y1": a.1, "x2": b.0, "y2": b.1})).unwrap();
+    NodeId(r["id"].as_u64().unwrap())
+}
+
+/// Crossing lines, as in the bug report: the Live Paint Bucket fills the area they enclose.
+#[test]
+fn live_paint_bucket_fills_an_area_enclosed_by_lines() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let ids = [line(&mut s, (0.0, 0.0), (100.0, 100.0)), line(&mut s, (100.0, 0.0), (0.0, 100.0)), line(&mut s, (-10.0, 80.0), (110.0, 80.0))];
+    s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": ids.map(|i| i.0)})).unwrap();
+    let v = ViewInfo::default();
+    s.select_tool("livePaintBucket", v).unwrap();
+    s.paint.fill = Paint::solid(Color::rgb(1.0, 0.0, 1.0));
+    // Inside the triangle (20,80) (50,50) (80,80): highlighted, then filled.
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Move, 50.0, 70.0), v).unwrap();
+    assert!(!s.overlays(v).is_empty(), "red face highlight");
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Down, 50.0, 70.0), v).unwrap();
+    let g = s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects[0];
+    let gn = node(&s, g);
+    assert!(vectorcraft_tools::builder::is_live_paint(&gn));
+    assert_eq!(vectorcraft_tools::builder::faces(&gn).len(), 1);
+    let f = vectorcraft_tools::builder::face_at(&gn, vectorcraft_geom::Point::new(50.0, 70.0)).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(f.appearance.fill_paint(), s.paint.fill);
+    assert!((vectorcraft_pathops::area(f.path_data().unwrap(), FillRule::NonZero).abs() - 900.0).abs() < 1e-6);
+    // The lines are edges, cut where they cross, and keep their stroke.
+    let edges = vectorcraft_tools::builder::edges(&gn);
+    assert_eq!(edges.len(), 9);
+    assert!(edges.iter().all(|e| !e.appearance.stroke_paint().is_none()));
+    // Outside the triangle there's nothing to fill.
+    assert!(s.execute("livePaint.fill", &json!({"group": g.0, "point": [50, 20]})).is_err());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_line_across_a_live_paint_shape_splits_its_face() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let r = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 50.0);
+    set_fill(&mut s, r, Color::rgb(1.0, 0.0, 0.0));
+    let l = line(&mut s, (40.0, -20.0), (60.0, 70.0));
+    s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [r.0, l.0]})).unwrap();
+    let made = s.execute("livePaint.make", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(made["faces"], 2, "{made}");
+    let g = NodeId(made["id"].as_u64().unwrap());
+    s.execute("livePaint.fill", &json!({"group": g.0, "point": [80, 25], "color": "#0000ff"})).unwrap();
+    let gn = node(&s, g);
+    let face = |x: f64| vectorcraft_tools::builder::face_at(&gn, vectorcraft_geom::Point::new(x, 25.0)).unwrap().appearance.fill_paint();
+    assert_eq!(face(10.0), Paint::solid(Color::rgb(1.0, 0.0, 0.0)), "the left half keeps the rectangle's fill");
+    assert_eq!(face(80.0), Paint::solid(Color::from_hex("#0000ff").unwrap()));
+}
+
 // ---------- Image Trace ----------
 
 /// A 100×100 image with a black disc (r = 30 px), placed at (50, 50) scaled ×2.

crates/engine/src/tests_distort.rs

@@ -247,6 +247,42 @@ fn grid_show_and_plane_are_view_state() {
     assert!(s.overlays(ViewInfo::default()).len() > 20);
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn the_grid_hides_while_a_perspective_tool_is_chosen() {
+    // #321: choosing the Perspective Grid tool showed the grid for good.
+    let mut s = session();
+    let v = ViewInfo::default();
+    for tool in ["perspectiveGrid", "perspectiveSelection"] {
+        s.select_tool(tool, v).unwrap();
+        assert!(s.overlays(v).len() > 20, "{tool}");
+        let n = undo_len(&s);
+        assert_eq!(s.execute("perspective.grid.show", &json!({})).unwrap(), json!({"visible": false}));
+        assert!(s.overlays(v).is_empty(), "{tool}: the hidden grid still draws");
+        assert_eq!(undo_len(&s), n);
+        // Choosing the tool again shows it again.
+        s.select_tool(tool, v).unwrap();
+        assert!(s.overlays(v).len() > 20, "{tool}");
+        s.execute("perspective.grid.show", &json!({"visible": false})).unwrap();
+        s.select_tool("selection", v).unwrap();
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_hidden_grid_stays_hidden_back_from_a_temporary_tool() {
+    // Cmd-dragging with a perspective tool borrows the Selection tool; going back to the
+    // perspective tool is not choosing it, so the grid hidden meanwhile stays hidden.
+    let mut s = session();
+    let v = ViewInfo::default();
+    s.select_tool("perspectiveGrid", v).unwrap();
+    s.execute("perspective.grid.show", &json!({"visible": false})).unwrap();
+    s.switch_tool("selection", v).unwrap();
+    s.switch_tool("perspectiveGrid", v).unwrap();
+    assert!(s.overlays(v).is_empty());
+    s.select_tool("selection", v).unwrap();
+    s.select_tool("perspectiveGrid", v).unwrap();
+    assert!(s.overlays(v).len() > 20, "choosing it shows the grid");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn grid_preset_and_set_are_undoable() {
     let mut s = session();

crates/engine/src/tests_draw2.rs

@@ -375,6 +375,7 @@ fn draw2_commands_reject_bad_params() {
         ("path.freehand", json!({"points": [[1, 2]]})),
         ("path.curvature", json!({"points": []})),
         ("path.removeAnchor", json!({"id": id.0, "anchor": 99})),
+        ("path.removeAnchors", json!({})),
         ("path.convertAnchor", json!({"id": 9999, "anchor": 0, "to": "corner"})),
         ("path.reshapeSegment", json!({"id": id.0, "segment": 42})),
         ("path.split", json!({"id": id.0})),
@@ -389,3 +390,147 @@ fn draw2_commands_reject_bad_params() {
         assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().history.undo.len(), before, "{cmd} left an undo step");
     }
 }
+
+/// A curve from (100, 100) to (300, 100) whose first anchor has an out handle at (150, 100).
+fn curve(s: &mut Session) -> NodeId {
+    let anchors = json!([{"x": 100, "y": 100, "out": [150, 100]}, {"x": 300, "y": 100, "in": [250, 100]}]);
+    NodeId(s.execute("path.create", &json!({"anchors": anchors})).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap())
+}
+
+/// Drag the out handle of path `id`'s first anchor with `tool` to `to`, holding `mods`. Direct
+/// Selection clicks the anchor first, so its handles show.
+fn drag_handle(s: &mut Session, tool: &str, id: NodeId, to: (f64, f64), mods: Mods, v: ViewInfo) {
+    let from = path(s, id).subpaths[0].anchors[0].h_out;
+    s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [id.0]})).unwrap();
+    s.select_tool(tool, v).unwrap();
+    if tool == "directSelection" {
+        s.execute("select.none", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Down, 100.0, 100.0), v).unwrap();
+        s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Up, 100.0, 100.0), v).unwrap();
+    }
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Down, from.x, from.y).with_mods(mods), v).unwrap();
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Drag, to.0, to.1).with_mods(mods), v).unwrap();
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Up, to.0, to.1).with_mods(mods), v).unwrap();
+    assert!(!s.in_interaction());
+}
+
+/// The out handle of path `id`'s first anchor.
+fn out_handle(s: &Session, id: NodeId) -> Point {
+    path(s, id).subpaths[0].anchors[0].h_out
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn shift_keeps_a_dragged_handle_at_45_degree_steps() {
+    // #322.
+    let shift = Mods { shift: true, ..Mods::default() };
+    for tool in ["directSelection", "anchorPoint"] {
+        let mut s = session();
+        let id = curve(&mut s);
+        drag_handle(&mut s, tool, id, (190.0, 130.0), shift, view());
+        let h = out_handle(&s, id);
+        assert!(near(h, Point::new(100.0 + 90.0f64.hypot(30.0), 100.0)), "{tool}: {h:?}");
+        drag_handle(&mut s, tool, id, (160.0, 155.0), shift, view());
+        let h = out_handle(&s, id);
+        assert!((h.x - h.y).abs() < 1e-6 && h.x > 100.0, "{tool}: 45°: {h:?}");
+        // Without Shift the handle goes where it is dragged.
+        drag_handle(&mut s, tool, id, (190.0, 130.0), Mods::default(), view());
+        assert_eq!(out_handle(&s, id), Point::new(190.0, 130.0), "{tool}");
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_dragged_handle_snaps_to_smart_guides() {
+    // #322: in line with the other anchor, with smart guides on.
+    for tool in ["directSelection", "anchorPoint"] {
+        let mut s = session();
+        let id = curve(&mut s);
+        drag_handle(&mut s, tool, id, (298.0, 160.0), Mods::default(), ViewInfo::default());
+        assert_eq!(out_handle(&s, id), Point::new(300.0, 160.0), "{tool}");
+        drag_handle(&mut s, tool, id, (298.0, 170.0), Mods::default(), view());
+        assert_eq!(out_handle(&s, id), Point::new(298.0, 170.0), "{tool}: smart guides off");
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn shift_drag_keeps_a_smooth_anchor_smooth_and_alt_breaks_it() {
+    // #322: the opposite handle of a smooth anchor turns with the constrained one; Alt still
+    // moves the dragged handle alone.
+    let shift = Mods { shift: true, ..Mods::default() };
+    let shift_alt = Mods { shift: true, alt: true, ..Mods::default() };
+    for (mods, opposite_follows) in [(shift, true), (shift_alt, false)] {
+        let mut s = session();
+        let anchors = json!([{"x": 100, "y": 200}, {"x": 200, "y": 100, "in": [150, 100], "out": [250, 100]}, {"x": 300, "y": 200}]);
+        let id = NodeId(s.execute("path.create", &json!({"anchors": anchors})).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap());
+        s.select_tool("directSelection", view()).unwrap();
+        for (kind, x, y, m) in [
+            (PointerKind::Down, 200.0, 100.0, Mods::default()),
+            (PointerKind::Up, 200.0, 100.0, Mods::default()),
+            (PointerKind::Down, 250.0, 100.0, mods),
+            (PointerKind::Drag, 275.0, 165.0, mods),
+            (PointerKind::Up, 275.0, 165.0, mods),
+        ] {
+            s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(kind, x, y).with_mods(m), view()).unwrap();
+        }
+        let a = path(&s, id).subpaths[0].anchors[1];
+        let (o, i) = (a.h_out - a.p, a.h_in - a.p);
+        assert!((o.x - o.y).abs() < 1e-6 && o.x > 0.0, "{mods:?}: 45°: {o:?}");
+        if opposite_follows {
+            assert!(near(a.h_in, a.p - o.normalize() * 50.0), "{mods:?}: {i:?}");
+        } else {
+            assert_eq!(a.h_in, Point::new(150.0, 100.0), "{mods:?}");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn removing_an_anchor_refits_a_split_curve_and_undo_restores_it() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let made = s
+        .execute(
+            "path.create",
+            &json!({"anchors": [
+                {"x": 0, "y": 0, "out": [30, 80]},
+                {"x": 100, "y": 0, "in": [70, 80]}
+            ]}),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+    let id = NodeId(made["id"].as_u64().unwrap());
+    let before = path(&s, id);
+    let inserted = s.execute("path.insertAnchor", &json!({"id": id.0, "segment": 0, "t": 0.4})).unwrap();
+    let ai = inserted["anchor"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    s.execute("path.removeAnchor", &json!({"id": id.0, "anchor": ai})).unwrap();
+    let after = path(&s, id);
+    assert_eq!(after.subpaths[0].anchors.len(), 2);
+    let (got, orig) = (&after.subpaths[0].anchors, &before.subpaths[0].anchors);
+    assert!(got[0].h_out.distance(orig[0].h_out) < 0.5, "{:?}", got[0].h_out);
+    assert!(got[1].h_in.distance(orig[1].h_in) < 0.5, "{:?}", got[1].h_in);
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(path(&s, id).subpaths[0].anchors.len(), 3);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn remove_anchor_points_keeps_the_paths_closed() {
+    // Object › Path › Remove Anchor Points, unlike the Delete key: a rectangle loses a corner and
+    // stays closed, a straight-sided triangle; a curve keeps its shape round a removed point.
+    let mut s = session();
+    let r = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 80.0);
+    let made = s.execute("path.create", &json!({"anchors": [{"x": 300, "y": 0, "out": [330, 80]}, {"x": 400, "y": 0, "in": [370, 80]}]})).unwrap();
+    let c = NodeId(made["id"].as_u64().unwrap());
+    let before = path(&s, c).subpaths[0].segment(0);
+    s.execute("path.insertAnchor", &json!({"id": c.0, "segment": 0, "t": 0.5})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("select.anchors", &json!({"id": r.0, "anchors": [[0, 0]]})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("select.anchors", &json!({"id": c.0, "anchors": [[0, 1]], "mode": "add"})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.execute("path.removeAnchors", &json!({})).unwrap()["removedObjects"], 0);
+    let sp = &path(&s, r).subpaths[0];
+    assert!(sp.closed && sp.anchors.len() == 3, "{sp:?}");
+    assert!(!sp.anchors.iter().any(|a| a.has_in() || a.has_out()), "straight sides stay straight: {sp:?}");
+    let after = path(&s, c).subpaths[0].segment(0);
+    assert_eq!(path(&s, c).subpaths[0].anchors.len(), 2);
+    assert!(after.p1.distance(before.p1) < 0.5 && after.p2.distance(before.p2) < 0.5, "{after:?}");
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().history.undo.last().unwrap().label, "Remove Anchor Points");
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(path(&s, r).subpaths[0].anchors.len(), 4);
+    assert_eq!(path(&s, c).subpaths[0].anchors.len(), 3);
+    let spec = find_command("path.removeAnchors").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(spec.menu, &["Object", "Path"][..]);
+}

crates/engine/src/tests_eyedropper.rs

@@ -100,9 +100,10 @@ fn type_picks_up_font_and_size() {
     assert!(width(&s, dst) > before, "laid out again at the new size");
     // Without character or paragraph attributes only the paints go.
     let dst2 = id_of(s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 500, "text": "Other"})).unwrap());
+    let preserved_alignment = style(&s, dst2).1;
     s.execute("appearance.copyFrom", &json!({"source": src.0, "pickUp": {"character": false, "paragraph": false}})).unwrap();
     let (st, justify) = style(&s, dst2);
-    assert_eq!((st.size, justify, st.fill.color().unwrap().to_hex()), (12.0, Justify::Left, "#00ff00".into()));
+    assert_eq!((st.size, justify, st.fill.color().unwrap().to_hex()), (12.0, preserved_alignment, "#00ff00".into()));
 }
 
 #[test]

crates/engine/src/tests_file.rs

@@ -168,6 +168,33 @@ fn export_selection_crops_to_the_selection() {
     assert_eq!(text.matches("<path").count(), 1, "{text}");
 }
 
+/// A selection export reports the encoder's warnings like a whole-document export, and an empty
+/// list when nothing was approximated.
+#[test]
+fn export_selection_reports_the_encoders_warnings() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    s.execute("shape.rectangle", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 10, "width": 50, "height": 50})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("transparency.set", &json!({"blend": "Multiply"})).unwrap();
+    let warnings = |v: &serde_json::Value| v["warnings"].as_array().cloned().unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("no warnings key: {v}"));
+    // Control: nothing approximated.
+    let plain = s.execute("document.exportSelection", &json!({"format": "svg"})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(plain["format"], "svg");
+    assert!(warnings(&plain).is_empty(), "{plain}");
+    for (format, options, says) in [
+        ("webp", json!({"lossless": false}), "lossless"),
+        ("svg", json!({"profile": "tiny12"}), "blend"),
+        ("pdf", json!({"createLayers": true, "compatibility": "1.4"}), "layers"),
+    ] {
+        let mut p = options.clone();
+        p["format"] = json!(format);
+        let sel = s.execute("document.exportSelection", &p).unwrap();
+        let doc = s.execute("document.export", &p).unwrap();
+        let w = warnings(&sel);
+        assert!(w.iter().any(|w| w.as_str().unwrap_or("").to_lowercase().contains(says)), "{format}: {sel}");
+        assert_eq!(w, warnings(&doc), "{format}: the same warnings as a whole-document export");
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn template_opens_as_untitled() {
     let mut s = session();
@@ -206,3 +233,30 @@ fn raster_export_too_large_is_an_error_not_a_crash() {
     assert!(std::fs::read(&path).unwrap().starts_with(b"\x89PNG"));
     let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(dir);
 }
+
+/// Japanese file and folder names save, open, export and title documents as typed: the native
+/// format, SVG, PNG and PDF, in a folder with a Japanese name too.
+#[test]
+fn japanese_file_names_save_open_and_export() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    s.execute("shape.rectangle", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 10, "width": 80, "height": 40})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 80, "text": "日本語のテキスト"})).unwrap();
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("vc-日本語フォルダ-{}", std::process::id()));
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let path = dir.join("運動会カード（最終版）・2024.vectorcraft");
+    s.execute("document.save", &json!({"path": path.to_string_lossy()})).unwrap();
+    assert!(path.exists());
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().title(), "運動会カード（最終版）・2024.vectorcraft", "the tab names the file as typed");
+    s.execute("document.open", &json!({"path": path.to_string_lossy()})).unwrap();
+    let d = s.doc().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(d.path.as_deref(), Some(path.to_string_lossy().as_ref()));
+    let mut found = false;
+    d.doc.walk(|n| found |= matches!(&n.kind, vectorcraft_doc::NodeKind::Text(t) if t.plain_text() == "日本語のテキスト"));
+    assert!(found, "the Japanese text comes back");
+    for (format, name) in [("svg", "書き出し.svg"), ("png", "書き出し.png"), ("pdf", "書き出し.pdf")] {
+        let out = dir.join(name);
+        s.execute("document.export", &json!({"format": format, "path": out.to_string_lossy()})).unwrap();
+        assert!(std::fs::metadata(&out).is_ok_and(|m| m.len() > 0), "{name}");
+    }
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(dir);
+}

crates/engine/src/tests_fontlist.rs

@@ -14,14 +14,14 @@ fn names(v: &Value) -> Vec<String> {
 fn the_font_list_names_every_available_family_with_its_styles() {
     let mut s = Session::new();
     let fams = names(&s.execute("text.fontList", &json!({})).unwrap()["families"]);
-    assert_eq!(fams, FontDb::global().families());
+    assert_eq!(fams, *FontDb::global().menu_family_list());
     for f in ["Source Sans 3", "Source Serif 4", "Inter", "JetBrains Mono"] {
         assert!(fams.iter().any(|x| x == f), "{f}");
     }
     // Every installed family, though nothing asked for system fonts.
     let installed = FontDb::with_font_dirs(system_font_dirs());
     installed.load_system_fonts();
-    let missing: Vec<String> = installed.families().into_iter().filter(|f| !fams.contains(f)).collect();
+    let missing: Vec<String> = installed.menu_family_list().iter().filter(|f| !fams.contains(f)).cloned().collect();
     assert!(missing.is_empty(), "{missing:?}");
     let r = s.execute("text.fontList", &json!({"family": "source sans 3"})).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(r["family"], "Source Sans 3");
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ fn refreshing_the_font_list_redraws_type_without_editing_the_document() {
     s.doc_mut().unwrap().mark_saved();
     let revision = s.doc().unwrap().revision;
     let r = s.execute("text.rescanFonts", &json!({})).unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(r["families"], json!(FontDb::global().families().len()));
+    assert_eq!(r["families"], json!(FontDb::global().menu_family_list().len()));
     assert!(r["faces"].is_u64());
     let d = s.doc().unwrap();
     assert!(d.revision > revision, "the canvas redraws");

crates/engine/src/tests_layerclip.rs

@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ fn the_top_object_must_be_able_to_clip() {
     assert_eq!(layer(&s), before);
     // An explicit id picks the layer even with a group selected.
     let l = before.id;
-    s.execute("layer.newSublayer", &json!({"parent": l.0})).unwrap();
-    let sub = layer(&s).children().unwrap().last().unwrap().id;
+    let sub = id_of(&s.execute("layer.newSublayer", &json!({"parent": l.0})).unwrap());
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(l).unwrap().children().unwrap().last().unwrap().id, sub, "on top of the layer's contents");
     let err = s.execute("layer.clippingMask.toggle", &json!({"id": sub.0}));
     assert!(err.is_err(), "an empty sublayer has nothing to clip by");
 }

crates/engine/src/tests_layers.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,454 @@
+//! The Layers panel's commands: rows at every depth (layers, sublayers, groups, objects) are
+//! clickable, highlighted and targeted; their art is selected through the selection column; rows
+//! move, copy and reparent with validation; and the panel menu's operations (merge, flatten,
+//! release to layers, reverse, template, others/all) are single undo steps.
+
+use serde_json::{Value, json};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{LayerColor, Node, NodeId, NodeKind};
+
+use super::*;
+
+fn session() -> Session {
+    let mut s = Session::new();
+    s.execute("file.new", &json!({"width": 400, "height": 400})).unwrap();
+    s
+}
+
+fn id(v: &Value) -> NodeId {
+    NodeId(v["id"].as_u64().unwrap())
+}
+
+fn ids(v: &Value) -> Vec<NodeId> {
+    v["ids"].as_array().unwrap().iter().map(|i| NodeId(i.as_u64().unwrap())).collect()
+}
+
+fn rect(s: &mut Session, x: f64) -> NodeId {
+    id(&s.execute("shape.rectangle", &json!({"x": x, "y": 0, "width": 20, "height": 20})).unwrap())
+}
+
+fn run(s: &mut Session, cmd: &str, p: Value) -> Value {
+    s.execute(cmd, &p).unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("{cmd} {p}: {e}"))
+}
+
+fn node(s: &Session, id: NodeId) -> Node {
+    s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(id).unwrap().clone()
+}
+
+fn parent(s: &Session, id: NodeId) -> Option<NodeId> {
+    s.doc().unwrap().doc.parent_of(id)
+}
+
+fn children(s: &Session, id: NodeId) -> Vec<NodeId> {
+    node(s, id).children().unwrap().iter().map(|c| c.id).collect()
+}
+
+fn undos(s: &Session) -> usize {
+    s.doc().unwrap().history.undo.len()
+}
+
+/// Layer 1 holding a sublayer `sub` with a rectangle `a` and a group `g` of rectangle `b`, plus a
+/// rectangle `c` on Layer 1 itself → (layer, sub, a, g, b, c). Nothing selected.
+fn tree(s: &mut Session) -> (NodeId, NodeId, NodeId, NodeId, NodeId, NodeId) {
+    let layer = s.doc().unwrap().doc.layers[0].id;
+    let c = rect(s, 300.0);
+    let sub = id(&run(s, "layer.newSublayer", json!({"name": "Sub"})));
+    let a = rect(s, 0.0);
+    let b = rect(s, 100.0);
+    run(s, "select.set", json!({"ids": [b.0]}));
+    let g = id(&run(s, "object.group", json!({})));
+    run(s, "select.none", json!({}));
+    (layer, sub, a, g, b, c)
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn art_in_a_sublayer_is_selected_as_objects_not_the_sublayer() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (_, sub, a, g, _, c) = tree(&mut s);
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, a), Some(sub), "new art went into the current sublayer");
+    let n = run(&mut s, "select.all", json!({}))["count"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(n, 3);
+    let sel = s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects.clone();
+    assert!(sel.contains(&a) && sel.contains(&g) && sel.contains(&c) && !sel.contains(&sub), "{sel:?}");
+    // The Selection tool's click takes the object in the sublayer.
+    let h = vectorcraft_doc::hit::hit_test(&s.doc().unwrap().doc, vectorcraft_geom::Point::new(10.0, 10.0), Default::default()).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(h.top_object(None), a);
+    // Deleting it works (layers were skipped by Clear before).
+    run(&mut s, "select.set", json!({"ids": [a.0]}));
+    run(&mut s, "edit.clear", json!({}));
+    assert!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(a).is_none());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn clicking_rows_at_any_depth_highlights_them_and_sets_the_current_layer() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (layer, sub, a, g, b, c) = tree(&mut s);
+    let before = undos(&s);
+    for (row, current) in [(layer, layer), (sub, sub), (g, sub), (b, sub), (a, sub), (c, layer)] {
+        let r = run(&mut s, "layer.setCurrent", json!({"id": row.0}));
+        assert_eq!(NodeId(r["layer"].as_u64().unwrap()), current);
+        let st = s.doc().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!((st.highlighted_rows(), st.current_layer()), (vec![row], Some(current)));
+    }
+    assert_eq!(undos(&s), before, "clicking rows is not an undo step");
+    // New art goes into the current sublayer.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setCurrent", json!({"id": a.0}));
+    let n = rect(&mut s, 50.0);
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, n), Some(sub));
+    assert!(s.execute("layer.setCurrent", &json!({"id": 9999})).is_err());
+    // Shift/Ctrl: several rows.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.highlight", json!({"ids": [a.0, g.0], "mode": "set"}));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.highlight", json!({"ids": [c.0], "mode": "add"}));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.highlight", json!({"ids": [a.0], "mode": "toggle"}));
+    let st = s.doc().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((st.highlighted_rows(), st.current_layer()), (vec![g, c], Some(layer)));
+    assert!(s.execute("layer.highlight", &json!({"ids": [a.0], "mode": "nope"})).is_err());
+    assert_eq!(document_rows(&s), vec![g.0, c.0], "document.inspect lists the rows");
+}
+
+fn document_rows(s: &Session) -> Vec<u64> {
+    crate::inspect::document(s)["layerRows"].as_array().unwrap().iter().map(|v| v.as_u64().unwrap()).collect()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn selecting_art_makes_its_layer_current() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (layer, sub, a, _, _, c) = tree(&mut s);
+    run(&mut s, "select.set", json!({"ids": [c.0]}));
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().current_layer(), Some(layer));
+    run(&mut s, "select.set", json!({"ids": [a.0]}));
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().current_layer(), Some(sub));
+    let n = rect(&mut s, 200.0);
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, n), Some(sub));
+    // A locked sublayer takes no new art: it goes to the top layer.
+    run(&mut s, "select.none", json!({}));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"id": sub.0, "locked": true}));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setCurrent", json!({"id": sub.0}));
+    let n = rect(&mut s, 200.0);
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, n), Some(layer));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn the_selection_column_selects_a_rows_art_and_shift_adds_or_removes_it() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (layer, sub, a, g, _, c) = tree(&mut s);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setCurrent", json!({"id": sub.0}));
+    let sel = |s: &Session| s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects.clone();
+    run(&mut s, "layer.selectAll", json!({"id": layer.0}));
+    assert_eq!(sel(&s), vec![c, a, g], "the layer's art, its sublayer's too");
+    run(&mut s, "layer.selectAll", json!({"id": sub.0}));
+    assert_eq!(sel(&s), vec![a, g]);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.selectAll", json!({"id": c.0, "add": true}));
+    assert_eq!(sel(&s), vec![a, g, c]);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.selectAll", json!({"id": sub.0, "add": true}));
+    assert_eq!(sel(&s), vec![c], "all selected already: removed");
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().highlighted_rows(), vec![sub], "the highlighted row stays");
+    // Locked rows select nothing.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"id": sub.0, "locked": true}));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.selectAll", json!({"id": a.0}));
+    assert!(sel(&s).is_empty());
+    // Targeting a layer selects its sublayers' art too.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"id": sub.0, "locked": false}));
+    assert_eq!(ids_sel(&run(&mut s, "layer.target", json!({"id": layer.0}))), vec![c, a, g]);
+}
+
+fn ids_sel(v: &Value) -> Vec<NodeId> {
+    v["selected"].as_array().unwrap().iter().map(|i| NodeId(i.as_u64().unwrap())).collect()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn visibility_and_lock_per_row_are_undoable() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (_, sub, a, g, b, _) = tree(&mut s);
+    run(&mut s, "select.set", json!({"ids": [a.0, g.0]}));
+    let before = undos(&s);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"ids": [b.0, sub.0], "visible": false}));
+    assert!(!node(&s, b).visible && !node(&s, sub).visible);
+    assert!(s.doc().unwrap().selection.is_empty(), "hidden art is deselected");
+    assert_eq!(undos(&s), before + 1, "one step for several rows");
+    run(&mut s, "edit.undo", json!({}));
+    assert!(node(&s, b).visible && node(&s, sub).visible);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"id": a.0, "locked": true, "name": "Box"}));
+    assert!(node(&s, a).locked);
+    assert_eq!(node(&s, a).display_name(), "Box");
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"id": a.0, "name": ""}));
+    assert_eq!(node(&s, a).display_name(), "<Rectangle>", "an empty name goes back to the generated one");
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"id": sub.0, "name": ""}));
+    assert_eq!(node(&s, sub).display_name(), "Sub", "a layer keeps its name");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn layer_options_validate_and_template_locks_and_dims() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (layer, ..) = tree(&mut s);
+    for bad in [json!({"color": 27}), json!({"color": "#zz"}), json!({"color": [1]}), json!({"locked": "yes"}), json!({"dimImages": "half"})] {
+        let mut p = bad.clone();
+        p["id"] = json!(layer.0);
+        assert!(s.execute("layer.setProps", &p).is_err(), "{bad}");
+    }
+    let color = |s: &Session| match node(s, layer).kind {
+        NodeKind::Layer { color, .. } => color,
+        _ => panic!("not a layer"),
+    };
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"id": layer.0, "color": "red"}));
+    assert_eq!(color(&s), LayerColor::Preset(1));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"id": layer.0, "color": "#123456"}));
+    assert_eq!(color(&s), LayerColor::Custom([0x12, 0x34, 0x56]));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"id": layer.0, "color": 4}));
+    assert_eq!(color(&s), LayerColor::Preset(4));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.template", json!({"ids": [layer.0]}));
+    let n = node(&s, layer);
+    assert!(n.is_template() && n.locked);
+    assert!(matches!(n.kind, NodeKind::Layer { dim_images: Some(50), .. }));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.template", json!({"ids": [layer.0]}));
+    let n = node(&s, layer);
+    assert!(!n.is_template() && !n.locked);
+    assert!(matches!(n.kind, NodeKind::Layer { dim_images: None, .. }));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"id": layer.0, "preview": false, "dimImages": 30, "printable": false}));
+    assert!(matches!(node(&s, layer).kind, NodeKind::Layer { preview: false, dim_images: Some(30), printable: false, .. }));
+    let summary = &crate::inspect::document(&s)["layers"][0];
+    assert_eq!((summary["preview"].clone(), summary["dimImages"].clone()), (json!(false), json!(30)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn new_layers_go_above_the_current_one_at_its_level() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (layer, sub, _, g, ..) = tree(&mut s);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setCurrent", json!({"id": sub.0}));
+    let n = id(&run(&mut s, "layer.new", json!({})));
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, n), Some(layer), "a sublayer beside the current sublayer");
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, layer).iter().position(|c| *c == n), children(&s, layer).iter().position(|c| *c == sub).map(|i| i + 1));
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().highlighted_rows(), vec![n]);
+    let top = id(&run(&mut s, "layer.new", json!({"top": true, "name": "Top", "color": "green", "locked": true})));
+    let st = s.doc().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(st.doc.layers.last().unwrap().id, top);
+    assert!(st.doc.layers.last().unwrap().locked);
+    // Sublayers only go into layers.
+    assert!(s.execute("layer.newSublayer", &json!({"parent": g.0})).is_err());
+    let inner = id(&run(&mut s, "layer.newSublayer", json!({"parent": sub.0})));
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, inner), Some(sub));
+    // Names count sublayers: no two layers share one.
+    let mut names = vec![];
+    s.doc().unwrap().doc.walk(|n| {
+        if n.is_layer() {
+            names.push(n.display_name());
+        }
+    });
+    let unique: std::collections::HashSet<&String> = names.iter().collect();
+    assert_eq!(unique.len(), names.len(), "{names:?}");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn rows_move_above_below_and_into_layers_and_groups() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (layer, sub, a, g, b, c) = tree(&mut s);
+    let before = undos(&s);
+    // Into the group: on top of its contents.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.move", json!({"ids": [a.0], "target": g.0, "place": "inside"}));
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, g), vec![b, a]);
+    // Below b, in the group.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.move", json!({"ids": [a.0], "target": b.0, "place": "below"}));
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, g), vec![a, b]);
+    // Above the sublayer, out into Layer 1.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.move", json!({"ids": [a.0], "target": sub.0, "place": "above"}));
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, a), Some(layer));
+    assert_eq!(undos(&s), before + 3);
+    // Out of the layer into a new top-level layer: an object beside a top-level layer goes in it.
+    let l2 = id(&run(&mut s, "layer.new", json!({"top": true})));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.move", json!({"ids": [c.0], "target": l2.0, "place": "above"}));
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, c), Some(l2));
+    // A sublayer becomes a top-level layer, and back.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.move", json!({"ids": [sub.0], "target": l2.0, "place": "above"}));
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, sub), None);
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.layers.last().unwrap().id, sub);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.move", json!({"ids": [sub.0], "target": layer.0}));
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, sub), Some(layer));
+    // Several rows keep their stacking order.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.move", json!({"ids": [g.0, a.0], "target": l2.0}));
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, l2), vec![c, a, g]);
+    // Undo walks it back.
+    for _ in 0..4 {
+        run(&mut s, "edit.undo", json!({}));
+    }
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, sub), Some(layer));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn moves_are_validated() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (layer, sub, a, g, b, _) = tree(&mut s);
+    let doc_before = s.doc().unwrap().doc.clone();
+    let bad = [
+        json!({"ids": [sub.0], "target": g.0, "place": "inside"}),
+        json!({"ids": [layer.0], "target": a.0, "place": "inside"}),
+        json!({"ids": [layer.0], "target": sub.0, "place": "above"}),
+        json!({"ids": [sub.0], "target": sub.0}),
+        json!({"ids": [g.0], "target": b.0, "place": "inside"}),
+        json!({"ids": [a.0], "target": b.0, "place": "inside"}),
+        json!({"ids": [a.0], "target": 9999}),
+        json!({"ids": [9999], "target": a.0}),
+        json!({"ids": [a.0], "target": g.0, "place": "sideways"}),
+        json!({"ids": [], "target": g.0}),
+        json!({"target": g.0}),
+    ];
+    for p in bad {
+        assert!(s.execute("layer.move", &p).is_err(), "{p}");
+    }
+    // A locked group takes nothing.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setProps", json!({"id": g.0, "locked": true}));
+    assert!(s.execute("layer.move", &json!({"ids": [a.0], "target": g.0})).is_err());
+    run(&mut s, "edit.undo", json!({}));
+    assert!(std::sync::Arc::ptr_eq(&s.doc().unwrap().doc, &doc_before), "nothing changed");
+    // node.move: layers only at the top level or in layers.
+    assert!(s.execute("node.move", &json!({"id": sub.0, "parent": g.0, "index": 0})).is_err());
+    assert!(s.execute("node.move", &json!({"id": a.0, "index": 0})).is_err());
+    assert!(s.execute("node.move", &json!({"id": layer.0, "parent": sub.0, "index": 0})).is_err());
+    run(&mut s, "node.move", json!({"id": sub.0, "index": 5}));
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, sub), None);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn alt_drag_copies_rows_and_the_selected_art_moves_between_layers() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (layer, sub, a, g, _, c) = tree(&mut s);
+    let count = s.doc().unwrap().doc.node_count();
+    let copies = ids(&run(&mut s, "layer.move", json!({"ids": [sub.0], "target": layer.0, "place": "above", "copy": true})));
+    assert_eq!(copies.len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node_count(), count + 4, "the sublayer and its art (a, the group, b), copied");
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, copies[0]), None, "a copy of the sublayer at the top level");
+    // Dragging the selected-art square: the selection moves into another layer.
+    run(&mut s, "select.set", json!({"ids": [a.0, g.0]}));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.move", json!({"ids": [a.0, g.0], "target": layer.0}));
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, layer), vec![c, sub, a, g]);
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects, vec![a, g], "it stays selected");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn delete_and_duplicate_rows() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (layer, sub, a, g, _, c) = tree(&mut s);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.highlight", json!({"ids": [a.0, g.0]}));
+    let copies = ids(&run(&mut s, "layer.duplicate", json!({})));
+    assert_eq!(copies.len(), 2);
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, sub).len(), 4);
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().highlighted_rows(), copies);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.duplicate", json!({"id": sub.0}));
+    assert!(children(&s, layer).iter().any(|l| node(&s, *l).display_name() == "Sub copy"));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.highlight", json!({"ids": copies.iter().map(|c| c.0).collect::<Vec<_>>()}));
+    assert_eq!(run(&mut s, "layer.delete", json!({}))["deleted"], 2);
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, sub), vec![a, g]);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.delete", json!({"ids": [c.0, a.0]}));
+    assert!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(c).is_none() && s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(a).is_none());
+    run(&mut s, "edit.undo", json!({}));
+    assert!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(c).is_some());
+    assert!(s.execute("layer.delete", &json!({"ids": [layer.0]})).is_err(), "the last layer stays");
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setCurrent", json!({"id": sub.0}));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.delete", json!({}));
+    assert!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(sub).is_none());
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().current_layer(), Some(layer), "the current layer moves on");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn collect_merge_flatten_and_reverse() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (layer, sub, a, g, _, c) = tree(&mut s);
+    // Collect two rows of the sublayer in a new sublayer of it.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.highlight", json!({"ids": [a.0, g.0]}));
+    let col = id(&run(&mut s, "layer.collectInNew", json!({})));
+    assert_eq!((parent(&s, col), children(&s, col)), (Some(sub), vec![a, g]));
+    // Reverse their order.
+    run(&mut s, "layer.reverse", json!({"ids": [a.0, g.0]}));
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, col), vec![g, a]);
+    assert!(s.execute("layer.reverse", &json!({"ids": [a.0]})).is_err());
+    run(&mut s, "edit.undo", json!({}));
+    // Merge the sublayer into Layer 1 (listed last).
+    run(&mut s, "layer.merge", json!({"ids": [col.0, layer.0]}));
+    assert!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(col).is_none());
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, layer), vec![c, sub, a, g]);
+    assert!(s.execute("layer.merge", &json!({"ids": [layer.0, sub.0]})).is_err(), "not into its own sublayer");
+    assert!(s.execute("layer.merge", &json!({"ids": [layer.0]})).is_err());
+    // Flatten: other visible layers merge in, hidden ones go, templates stay.
+    let l2 = id(&run(&mut s, "layer.new", json!({"top": true})));
+    let d = rect(&mut s, 0.0);
+    let l3 = id(&run(&mut s, "layer.new", json!({"top": true, "visible": false})));
+    let l4 = id(&run(&mut s, "layer.new", json!({"top": true, "template": true})));
+    let before = undos(&s);
+    let r = run(&mut s, "layer.flatten", json!({"id": layer.0}));
+    assert_eq!(r["discarded"], 1);
+    let st = s.doc().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(st.doc.layers.iter().map(|l| l.id).collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec![layer, l4]);
+    assert!(st.doc.node(l2).is_none() && st.doc.node(l3).is_none());
+    assert_eq!(parent(&s, d), Some(layer));
+    assert_eq!(undos(&s), before + 1);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn release_to_layers_sequence_and_build() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let layer = s.doc().unwrap().doc.layers[0].id;
+    let (a, b, c) = (rect(&mut s, 0.0), rect(&mut s, 50.0), rect(&mut s, 100.0));
+    let new = ids(&run(&mut s, "layer.releaseToLayers", json!({"id": layer.0})));
+    assert_eq!(new.len(), 3);
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, layer), new);
+    assert_eq!(new.iter().map(|l| children(&s, *l)).collect::<Vec<_>>(), vec![vec![a], vec![b], vec![c]]);
+    run(&mut s, "edit.undo", json!({}));
+    let new = ids(&run(&mut s, "layer.releaseToLayers", json!({"id": layer.0, "build": true})));
+    let counts: Vec<usize> = new.iter().map(|l| children(&s, *l).len()).collect();
+    assert_eq!(counts, vec![1, 2, 3], "the layers add up");
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, new[2]), vec![a, b, c], "the top one keeps the originals");
+    run(&mut s, "edit.undo", json!({}));
+    // A group's objects go into sublayers where the group was.
+    run(&mut s, "select.set", json!({"ids": [a.0, b.0]}));
+    let g = id(&run(&mut s, "object.group", json!({})));
+    let new = ids(&run(&mut s, "layer.releaseToLayersBuild", json!({"id": g.0})));
+    assert_eq!(new.len(), 2);
+    assert!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(g).is_none());
+    assert_eq!(children(&s, layer), vec![new[0], new[1], c]);
+    assert!(s.execute("layer.releaseToLayers", &json!({"id": c.0})).is_err());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn hide_lock_and_outline_others_and_their_all_counterparts() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let l1 = s.doc().unwrap().doc.layers[0].id;
+    let l2 = id(&run(&mut s, "layer.new", json!({})));
+    let l3 = id(&run(&mut s, "layer.new", json!({})));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setCurrent", json!({"id": l2.0}));
+    let flags = |s: &Session, f: fn(&Node) -> bool| [l1, l2, l3].map(|l| f(&node(s, l)));
+    assert_eq!(run(&mut s, "layer.hideOthers", json!({}))["count"], 2);
+    assert_eq!(flags(&s, |n| n.visible), [false, true, false]);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.showAll", json!({}));
+    assert_eq!(flags(&s, |n| n.visible), [true; 3]);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.lockOthers", json!({}));
+    assert_eq!(flags(&s, |n| n.locked), [true, false, true]);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.unlockAll", json!({}));
+    assert_eq!(flags(&s, |n| n.locked), [false; 3]);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.outlineOthers", json!({}));
+    let preview = |n: &Node| matches!(n.kind, NodeKind::Layer { preview: true, .. });
+    assert_eq!(flags(&s, preview), [false, true, false]);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.previewAll", json!({}));
+    assert_eq!(flags(&s, preview), [true; 3]);
+    assert_eq!(run(&mut s, "layer.previewAll", json!({}))["count"], 0, "nothing to do: no undo step");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn locate_object_highlights_its_row() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (layer, sub, _, g, b, _) = tree(&mut s);
+    run(&mut s, "select.set", json!({"ids": [g.0]}));
+    let r = run(&mut s, "layer.locate", json!({}));
+    assert_eq!(r["ancestry"], json!([layer.0, sub.0, g.0]));
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().highlighted_rows(), vec![g]);
+    assert_eq!(run(&mut s, "layer.locate", json!({"id": b.0}))["id"], b.0);
+    run(&mut s, "select.none", json!({}));
+    assert!(s.execute("layer.locate", &json!({})).is_err());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn the_clipping_mask_button_acts_on_the_highlighted_group() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (_, _, a, g, _, _) = tree(&mut s);
+    run(&mut s, "layer.move", json!({"ids": [a.0], "target": g.0}));
+    run(&mut s, "layer.setCurrent", json!({"id": g.0}));
+    assert_eq!(run(&mut s, "layer.clippingMask.toggle", json!({}))["clip"], true);
+    assert!(node(&s, g).clips());
+}

crates/engine/src/tests_menucmds.rs

@@ -526,6 +526,92 @@ fn save_and_recall_selection() {
     assert!(s.execute("select.recall", &json!({"name": "Pair"})).is_err());
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn edit_selection_needs_a_saved_selection_and_a_free_name() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let a = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+    sel(&mut s, &[a]);
+    // Edit Selection… is off until something is saved.
+    assert!(s.execute("select.editSaved", &json!({"name": "Selection 1", "newName": "A"})).is_err());
+    s.execute("select.save", &json!({"name": "One"})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("select.save", &json!({"name": "Two"})).unwrap();
+    // A name already saved can't be taken; both selections keep theirs.
+    assert!(s.execute("select.editSaved", &json!({"name": "One", "newName": " Two "})).is_err());
+    assert_eq!(s.execute("select.savedList", &json!({})).unwrap(), json!(["One", "Two"]));
+    // Renaming to its own name, or a blank name, changes nothing; a free name renames.
+    s.execute("select.editSaved", &json!({"name": "One", "newName": "One"})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("select.editSaved", &json!({"name": "One", "newName": "  "})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("select.editSaved", &json!({"name": "One", "newName": " Uno "})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.execute("select.savedList", &json!({})).unwrap(), json!(["Uno", "Two"]));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn saved_selections_live_in_the_document() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let a = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+    let b = rect(&mut s, 20.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+    let list = |s: &mut Session| s.execute("select.savedList", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    sel(&mut s, &[a]);
+    s.execute("select.save", &json!({"name": "A"})).unwrap();
+    sel(&mut s, &[a, b]);
+    s.execute("select.save", &json!({"name": "Both"})).unwrap();
+    // They travel with the file.
+    let loaded = vectorcraft_format::load(&vectorcraft_format::save_file(&s.doc().unwrap().doc)).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(loaded.saved_selections.iter().map(|x| x.name.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), ["A", "Both"]);
+    // Saving is an undo step.
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(list(&mut s), json!(["A"]));
+    // An existing name is replaced by the current selection.
+    sel(&mut s, &[b]);
+    s.execute("select.save", &json!({"name": "A"})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("select.none", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.execute("select.recall", &json!({"name": "A"})).unwrap()["count"], 1);
+    assert_eq!(selected(&s), vec![b]);
+    // Objects deleted since are left out of a recall.
+    sel(&mut s, &[a, b]);
+    s.execute("select.save", &json!({"name": "Pair"})).unwrap();
+    sel(&mut s, &[a]);
+    s.execute("edit.clear", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.execute("select.recall", &json!({"name": "Pair"})).unwrap()["count"], 1);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn edit_selection_applies_several_edits_as_one_step() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let a = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+    sel(&mut s, &[a]);
+    for n in ["A", "B", "C"] {
+        s.execute("select.save", &json!({ "name": n })).unwrap();
+    }
+    let list = |s: &mut Session| s.execute("select.savedList", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    // Edits name the selections as they are, so two can swap names; a delete goes with them.
+    s.execute("select.editSaved", &json!({"edits": [{"name": "A", "newName": "B"}, {"name": "B", "newName": "A"}, {"name": "C", "delete": true}]}))
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(list(&mut s), json!(["B", "A"]));
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(list(&mut s), json!(["A", "B", "C"]));
+    // Two ending with one name, or an unknown name, change nothing.
+    assert!(s.execute("select.editSaved", &json!({"edits": [{"name": "A", "newName": "B"}]})).is_err());
+    assert!(s.execute("select.editSaved", &json!({"edits": [{"name": "Z", "delete": true}]})).is_err());
+    assert_eq!(list(&mut s), json!(["A", "B", "C"]));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_document_keeps_at_most_25_saved_selections() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let a = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+    sel(&mut s, &[a]);
+    for i in 0..25 {
+        s.execute("select.save", &json!({ "name": format!("S{i}") })).unwrap();
+    }
+    assert!(s.execute("select.save", &json!({"name": "One too many"})).is_err());
+    // A name already saved is replaced even when the list is full.
+    s.execute("select.save", &json!({"name": "S3"})).unwrap();
+    // Unnamed saves take the first free "Selection N".
+    s.execute("select.editSaved", &json!({"name": "S0", "delete": true})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.execute("select.save", &json!({})).unwrap()["name"], "Selection 1");
+}
+
 // ---------- Type ----------
 
 #[test]
@@ -707,3 +793,16 @@ fn every_new_command_has_params_doc_and_menu() {
         assert!(!c.params.is_empty() && !c.menu.is_empty(), "{id}");
     }
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn saved_selection_names_are_trimmed_and_capped() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let a = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+    sel(&mut s, &[a]);
+    let long = "n".repeat(1000);
+    let name = s.execute("select.save", &json!({ "name": format!(" {long} ") })).unwrap()["name"].clone();
+    assert_eq!(name.as_str().map(|n| n.chars().count()), Some(vectorcraft_doc::SavedSelection::MAX_NAME));
+    s.execute("select.editSaved", &json!({"name": name, "newName": format!("{long}é")})).unwrap();
+    let list = s.execute("select.savedList", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(list[0].as_str().map(|n| n.chars().count()), Some(vectorcraft_doc::SavedSelection::MAX_NAME));
+}

crates/engine/src/tests_perspgrid.rs

@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ fn the_plane_widget_stays_on_screen_and_takes_clicks_with_any_tool() {
     assert_eq!(grid(&s).plane, Plane::Right);
     assert!(s.doc().unwrap().selection.is_empty());
     assert_eq!(undo_len(&s), n);
-    // While the grid is hidden only the perspective tools show it (and take its clicks).
+    // A hidden grid takes no clicks; choosing a perspective tool shows it.
     run(&mut s, "perspective.grid.show", json!({"visible": false}));
     let q = face(&s, view, WidgetCorner::TopLeft, Plane::Ground);
     click(&mut s, q, view);

crates/engine/src/tests_prefs.rs

@@ -122,3 +122,33 @@ fn prefs_serde_round_trip_and_tolerates_missing_fields() {
     assert_eq!(partial.keyboard_increment, 4.0);
     assert_eq!(partial.corner_radius, 12.0);
 }
+
+/// Performance › Graphics Processor (#306): power saving by default, set by value or label, kept
+/// through a save/load round trip, and a bad value is an error that changes nothing.
+#[test]
+fn gpu_preference_defaults_to_power_saving_and_validates() {
+    let mut s = Session::new();
+    assert_eq!(s.prefs.gpu_preference, "powerSaving");
+    assert_eq!(s.execute("prefs.get", &json!({"key": "gpuPreference"})).unwrap(), json!("powerSaving"));
+    s.execute("prefs.set", &json!({"key": "gpuPreference", "value": "highPerformance"})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.prefs.gpu_preference, "highPerformance");
+    s.execute("prefs.set", &json!({"key": "gpuPreference", "value": "Power Saving (integrated)"})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.prefs.gpu_preference, "powerSaving");
+    for bad in [json!("turbo"), json!(""), json!(1), json!(null), json!(["highPerformance"])] {
+        assert!(s.execute("prefs.set", &json!({"key": "gpuPreference", "value": bad})).is_err(), "{bad}");
+        assert_eq!(s.prefs.gpu_preference, "powerSaving");
+    }
+    let p = Prefs { gpu_preference: "highPerformance".into(), ..Default::default() };
+    let back: Prefs = serde_json::from_value(p.to_json()).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(back.gpu_preference, "highPerformance");
+    // Preference files written before the preference existed get the default.
+    let old: Prefs = serde_json::from_value(json!({"gpuPerformance": true})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(old.gpu_preference, "powerSaving");
+    let l = s.execute("prefs.list", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let row = l.as_array().unwrap().iter().find(|e| e["key"] == "gpuPreference").unwrap().clone();
+    assert_eq!(row["category"], "Performance");
+    assert_eq!(row["options"], json!(["powerSaving", "highPerformance"]));
+    s.execute("prefs.set", &json!({"key": "gpuPreference", "value": "highPerformance"})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("prefs.reset", &json!({"category": "Performance"})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.prefs.gpu_preference, "powerSaving");
+}

crates/engine/src/tests_recovery.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 //! Data Recovery: `file.recovery.save/list/restore/discard`, copies removed on save, revert and
 //! close, complex documents skipped, each app's own area (another running app's copies are never
-//! offered: locks, heartbeats), and the folder store with real file locks.
+//! offered: locks, heartbeats, announcements; a paused app repairs its copies), and the folder
+//! store with real file locks.
 
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ fn heartbeats_hold_areas_where_the_store_has_no_locks() {
     store.set_now(10_000 + 359);
     assert!(offered(&mut b).is_empty());
     // A beats (as the app does every minute): fresh again.
-    cmd::recovery::heartbeat(&a);
+    cmd::recovery::heartbeat(&mut a);
     store.set_now(10_000 + 359 + 300);
     assert!(offered(&mut b).is_empty());
     assert_eq!(restored(b.execute("file.recovery.restore", &json!({})).unwrap()), 0);
@@ -203,6 +204,71 @@ fn heartbeats_hold_areas_where_the_store_has_no_locks() {
     assert_eq!(offered(&mut b), ["Untitled-1"]);
 }
 
+/// Issue #367: a tab whose timers were paused (a background tab) long enough for its heartbeat to
+/// go stale, while another tab discards the copies it takes for crash leftovers.
+#[test]
+fn a_paused_app_writes_its_copies_again_and_is_running_again() {
+    let store = Arc::new(MemoryStore::without_locks());
+    let mut a = session_in(&store);
+    a.execute("file.recovery.save", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let a_file = format!("{}/Untitled-1-1", a.recovery.own_area().unwrap());
+    let mut b = relaunch(&store);
+    b.prefs.autosave_interval = 1;
+    assert!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({})).unwrap()["discarded"].as_array().unwrap().is_empty());
+    // A is paused past three minutes: with heartbeats alone, B can't tell it from a crash.
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 186);
+    assert_eq!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({})).unwrap()["discarded"], json!([a_file.clone()]));
+    assert!(copies(store.as_ref()).is_empty());
+    // A resumes: its heartbeat finds the copy gone and the next save writes it again, unchanged
+    // document or not.
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 200);
+    assert_eq!(cmd::recovery::heartbeat(&mut a), [a.doc().unwrap().uid]);
+    assert!(a.doc().unwrap().recovery.is_none());
+    let r = a.execute("file.recovery.save", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r["saved"][0]["file"], a_file.as_str(), "{r}");
+    assert_eq!(copies(store.as_ref()), ["Untitled-1-1"]);
+    assert!(cmd::recovery::heartbeat(&mut a).is_empty(), "nothing missing any more");
+    // A's heartbeat is newer than the one B wrote taking the area over: A runs again for B.
+    let l = b.execute("file.recovery.list", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((l["copies"][0]["file"].as_str(), l["copies"][0]["running"].as_bool()), (Some(a_file.as_str()), Some(true)));
+    assert!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({})).unwrap()["discarded"].as_array().unwrap().is_empty());
+    assert!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({"file": a_file})).is_err());
+    // A recovery save alone repairs too (no heartbeat in between).
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 600);
+    let mut c = relaunch(&store);
+    c.prefs.autosave_interval = 1;
+    c.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert!(copies(store.as_ref()).is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(a.execute("file.recovery.save", &json!({})).unwrap()["saved"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(copies(store.as_ref()), ["Untitled-1-1"]);
+}
+
+/// Issue #367 where the store can tell a paused app from a gone one (the browser's Web Locks): the
+/// paused app's copies are never taken, however old its heartbeat.
+#[test]
+fn announced_areas_stay_held_while_their_app_is_paused() {
+    let store = Arc::new(MemoryStore::announcing());
+    let mut a = session_in(&store);
+    a.execute("file.recovery.save", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let a_file = format!("{}/Untitled-1-1", a.recovery.own_area().unwrap());
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 3600);
+    let mut b = relaunch(&store);
+    assert!(offered(&mut b).is_empty());
+    assert!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({})).unwrap()["discarded"].as_array().unwrap().is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(restored(b.execute("file.recovery.restore", &json!({})).unwrap()), 0);
+    assert!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({"file": a_file})).unwrap_err().to_string().contains("running"));
+    assert_eq!(copies(store.as_ref()), ["Untitled-1-1"]);
+    // A crashes: the browser releases its lock, and its copies are offered once its heartbeat is
+    // stale too.
+    drop(a);
+    assert_eq!(offered(&mut b), ["Untitled-1"]);
+    assert_eq!(restored(b.execute("file.recovery.restore", &json!({})).unwrap()), 1);
+    // B's area is announced in turn.
+    let mut c = relaunch(&store);
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 7200);
+    assert!(offered(&mut c).is_empty());
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn folder_areas_are_locked_by_running_apps() {
     let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("vc-recovery-locks-{}", std::process::id()));

crates/engine/src/tests_scalestrokes.rs

@@ -153,6 +153,61 @@ fn scale_corners_keeps_or_scales_live_corner_radii() {
     assert!((n.geometric_bounds().unwrap().width() - 400.0).abs() < 1e-6);
 }
 
+/// The extent along x and y of each corner arc of an upright live rounded rectangle's path.
+fn corner_spans(n: &Node) -> Vec<(f64, f64)> {
+    let NodeKind::Path { path, .. } = &n.kind else { panic!("not a path") };
+    let a = &path.subpaths[0].anchors;
+    assert_eq!(a.len(), 8, "a rounded rectangle");
+    [(1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6), (7, 0)].iter().map(|(i, j)| ((a[*j].p.x - a[*i].p.x).abs(), (a[*j].p.y - a[*i].p.y).abs())).collect()
+}
+
+/// Every corner is a circular arc of radius `r`.
+fn round_corners(n: &Node, r: f64) -> bool {
+    corner_spans(n).iter().all(|(x, y)| (x - r).abs() < 1e-9 && (y - r).abs() < 1e-9)
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn live_corners_stay_circular_when_a_rectangle_is_scaled_unevenly() {
+    // #291: a rounded square widened into a long rectangle keeps round corners.
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = id_of(&run(&mut s, "shape.rectangle", json!({"x": 0, "y": 0, "width": 100, "height": 100, "radius": 10})));
+    run(&mut s, "object.scale", json!({"sx": 300, "sy": 100, "corners": false}));
+    let n = node(&s, id);
+    assert!((n.geometric_bounds().unwrap().width() - 300.0).abs() < 1e-9);
+    assert!(round_corners(&n, 10.0), "{:?}", corner_spans(&n));
+    let NodeKind::Path { live: Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, .. }), .. } = &n.kind else { panic!("not live") };
+    assert!((w - 300.0).abs() < 1e-9 && (h - 100.0).abs() < 1e-9 && (radii[0] - 10.0).abs() < 1e-9, "the panels read document units");
+    // Scale Corners on: the radius scales by the mean scale (√(2 × 0.5) = 1 here, 2 below).
+    run(&mut s, "object.scale", json!({"sx": 200, "sy": 50, "corners": true}));
+    assert!(round_corners(&node(&s, id), 10.0), "{:?}", corner_spans(&node(&s, id)));
+    run(&mut s, "object.scale", json!({"sx": 100, "sy": 400, "corners": true}));
+    assert!(round_corners(&node(&s, id), 20.0), "{:?}", corner_spans(&node(&s, id)));
+    // Undo brings each step back.
+    run(&mut s, "edit.undo", json!({}));
+    run(&mut s, "edit.undo", json!({}));
+    assert!(round_corners(&node(&s, id), 10.0));
+    run(&mut s, "edit.undo", json!({}));
+    assert!(round_corners(&node(&s, id), 10.0));
+    assert!((node(&s, id).geometric_bounds().unwrap().width() - 100.0).abs() < 1e-9);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_bounding_box_drag_keeps_live_corners_circular() {
+    // The Selection tool's handle drag previews `object.transform` from the shape as it began.
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = id_of(&run(&mut s, "shape.rectangle", json!({"x": 50, "y": 50, "width": 100, "height": 100, "radius": 25})));
+    s.begin_interaction("Scale").unwrap();
+    for sx in [1.5, 2.5, 4.0] {
+        // Dragging the right-middle handle: scaled about the left edge.
+        s.preview("object.transform", &json!({"matrix": [sx, 0, 0, 1, 50.0 - 50.0 * sx, 0]})).unwrap();
+    }
+    s.commit_interaction().unwrap();
+    let n = node(&s, id);
+    let b = n.geometric_bounds().unwrap();
+    assert!((b.x0 - 50.0).abs() < 1e-9 && (b.width() - 400.0).abs() < 1e-9 && (b.height() - 100.0).abs() < 1e-9, "{b:?}");
+    assert!(round_corners(&n, 25.0), "{:?}", corner_spans(&n));
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn the_journal_records_the_scale_options_used() {
     let mut s = session();

crates/engine/src/tests_textedit.rs

@@ -157,6 +157,98 @@ fn undo_during_a_drag_takes_back_only_the_drag() {
     assert_eq!(b.x0, 100.0, "back where it was: {b:?}");
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn ime_composition_shows_in_place_and_commits_as_one_step() {
+    // Romaji → kana → conversion → commit, as the macOS Japanese IME sends it.
+    let mut s = session();
+    let v = ViewInfo::default();
+    s.select_tool("type", v).unwrap();
+    click(&mut s, 200.0, 200.0);
+    let id = s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects[0];
+    let created = undo_labels(&s).len();
+    s.tool_text("曲:", v).unwrap();
+    for (t, r) in [("g", 1..1), ("が", 1..1), ("がg", 2..2), ("ががく", 3..3)] {
+        s.tool_preedit(t, Some(r), v).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), format!("曲:{t}"), "marked text lays out in place");
+        assert!(s.tool_composing());
+    }
+    // Conversion: the active clause is the whole word.
+    s.tool_preedit("雅楽", Some(0..2), v).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "曲:雅楽");
+    assert_eq!(s.tool_options()["composing"], json!(true));
+    // macOS clears the marked text, then commits.
+    s.tool_preedit("", None, v).unwrap();
+    s.tool_text("雅楽", v).unwrap();
+    assert!(!s.tool_composing());
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "曲:雅楽");
+    assert_eq!(s.tool_options()["caret"], json!("曲:雅楽".len()));
+    // Typing goes on after the commit, in the same session.
+    s.tool_text("。", v).unwrap();
+    key(&mut s, ToolKey::Escape, Mods::default());
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "曲:雅楽。");
+    assert_eq!(undo_labels(&s).len(), created + 1, "one undo step for the session");
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn ime_cancel_leaves_no_undo_step_and_keeps_the_text() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let v = ViewInfo::default();
+    let id = text(&mut s, "雅楽");
+    s.select_tool("type", v).unwrap();
+    let t = obj(&s, id);
+    let lay = vectorcraft_text::layout(vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global(), &t);
+    let (a, b) = vectorcraft_text::caret_position(&lay, "雅楽".len());
+    let p = t.xf * a.midpoint(b);
+    click(&mut s, p.x - 0.1, p.y);
+    assert!(s.tool_wants_text());
+    s.set_tool_option("select", &json!({"start": 6, "end": 6}));
+    let before = undo_labels(&s).len();
+    s.tool_preedit("えんそう", Some(4..4), v).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "雅楽えんそう");
+    // Escape in the IME: the marked text goes, nothing else changes.
+    s.tool_preedit("", None, v).unwrap();
+    assert!(!s.tool_composing());
+    assert!(!s.in_interaction(), "a cancelled composition leaves no typing session");
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "雅楽");
+    assert_eq!(undo_labels(&s).len(), before);
+    // A stray clear (no composition) never deletes the selection.
+    s.set_tool_option("select", &json!({"start": 0, "end": 3}));
+    s.tool_preedit("", None, v).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "雅楽");
+    // A composition over a selection replaces it.
+    s.tool_preedit("が", Some(1..1), v).unwrap();
+    s.tool_preedit("", None, v).unwrap();
+    s.tool_text("我", v).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "我楽");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn clicking_away_keeps_marked_text_as_typed_and_undo_mid_composition_is_safe() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let v = ViewInfo::default();
+    s.select_tool("type", v).unwrap();
+    click(&mut s, 200.0, 200.0);
+    let id = s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects[0];
+    s.tool_preedit("しょうこ", Some(4..4), v).unwrap();
+    // Keys belong to the IME while it composes.
+    key(&mut s, ToolKey::Backspace, Mods::default());
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "しょうこ");
+    click(&mut s, 600.0, 500.0);
+    assert!(!s.tool_composing());
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "しょうこ", "the marked text stays, committed");
+    // The UI holds Undo back while composing; if it comes anyway, the session is committed first.
+    click(&mut s, 50.0, 50.0);
+    let id2 = s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects[0];
+    s.tool_preedit("ひちりき", Some(4..4), v).unwrap();
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert!(!s.tool_composing());
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id2).plain_text(), "");
+    s.execute("edit.redo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id2).plain_text(), "ひちりき");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn type_tool_selection_replace_and_delete() {
     let mut s = session();
@@ -236,6 +328,23 @@ fn select_all_and_cut_like_ui() {
     assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "abc defabc def");
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn a_frame_dragged_with_the_type_tools_is_the_dragged_rectangle() {
+    for tool in ["type", "verticalType"] {
+        let mut s = session();
+        let v = ViewInfo::default();
+        s.select_tool(tool, v).unwrap();
+        for (k, x, y) in [(PointerKind::Down, 100.0, 100.0), (PointerKind::Drag, 300.0, 180.0), (PointerKind::Up, 300.0, 180.0)] {
+            s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(k, x, y), v).unwrap();
+        }
+        let t = obj(&s, s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects[0]);
+        let TextKind::Area { frame } = &t.kind else { panic!("{tool}: not area type") };
+        let b = frame.bounds().unwrap();
+        let (a, z) = (t.xf * Point::new(b.x0, b.y0), t.xf * Point::new(b.x1, b.y1));
+        assert!((a - Point::new(100.0, 100.0)).hypot() < 1e-9 && (z - Point::new(300.0, 180.0)).hypot() < 1e-9, "{tool}: {a:?} {z:?}");
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn area_type_from_a_circle_keeps_glyphs_inside() {
     let mut s = session();
@@ -397,3 +506,51 @@ fn vertical_text_creation_orientation_and_persistence() {
     let old: TextObject = serde_json::from_value(old).unwrap();
     assert!(!old.vertical);
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn rtl_edit_commands_and_undo_preserve_logical_source_and_style_ranges() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = text(&mut s, "שלום Rust 123");
+    s.execute("text.editRange", &json!({"id": id.0, "start": 0, "end": 8, "insert": "مرحبا"})).unwrap();
+    let t = obj(&s, id);
+    assert_eq!(t.plain_text(), "مرحبا Rust 123");
+    let lay = vectorcraft_text::layout(vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global(), &t);
+    assert!(lay.glyphs.iter().any(|g| g.rtl));
+    s.execute("text.setRangeStyle", &json!({"id": id.0, "start": 0, "end": 10, "size": 30})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).runs[0].text, "مرحبا");
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).plain_text(), "שלום Rust 123");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn automatic_alignment_updates_during_edits_and_can_be_overridden() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = text(&mut s, "English");
+    let db = vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global();
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).para.justify, vectorcraft_doc::Justify::Auto);
+    for content in ["שלום", "مرحبا", "English"] {
+        let len = obj(&s, id).plain_text().len();
+        s.execute("text.editRange", &json!({"id": id.0, "start": 0, "end": len, "insert": content})).unwrap();
+        let t = obj(&s, id);
+        let l = vectorcraft_text::layout(db, &t);
+        if content == "English" {
+            assert_eq!(l.lines[0].x0, 0.0);
+        } else {
+            assert!(l.lines[0].x1.abs() < 1e-6);
+        }
+    }
+    s.execute("text.setStyle", &json!({"id": id.0, "justify": "center"})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("text.editRange", &json!({"id": id.0, "start": 0, "end": 7, "insert": "שלום"})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(obj(&s, id).para.justify, vectorcraft_doc::Justify::Center);
+    s.execute("text.setStyle", &json!({"id": id.0, "justify": "auto"})).unwrap();
+    let t = obj(&s, id);
+    assert!(vectorcraft_text::layout(db, &t).lines[0].x1.abs() < 1e-6);
+    let restored: TextObject = serde_json::from_value(serde_json::to_value(&t).unwrap()).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(restored.para.justify, vectorcraft_doc::Justify::Auto);
+    // Legacy documents with explicit alignment retain that choice.
+    let mut legacy = serde_json::to_value(t).unwrap();
+    legacy["para"].as_object_mut().unwrap().remove("justify_auto");
+    legacy["para"]["justify"] = json!("Left");
+    assert_eq!(serde_json::from_value::<TextObject>(legacy).unwrap().para.justify, vectorcraft_doc::Justify::Left);
+}

crates/engine/src/tests_typearea.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+//! Resizing area type (#252): a bounding-box handle drag and Area Type Options size the type area
+//! and the text reflows at its size; Direct Selection reshapes the frame by a corner or an edge.
+//! Point type still scales.
+
+use serde_json::{Value, json};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{NodeKind, TextKind, TextObject};
+use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, Point, Rect};
+use vectorcraft_text::TextLayout;
+use vectorcraft_tools::bbox::Handle;
+use vectorcraft_tools::{Mods, PointerEvent, PointerKind};
+
+use super::*;
+
+const STORY: &str = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. A second sentence follows the first one here. Then a third one ends it.";
+
+fn session() -> Session {
+    let mut s = Session::new();
+    s.execute("file.new", &json!({"width": 800, "height": 600})).unwrap();
+    s
+}
+
+fn id_of(v: &Value) -> NodeId {
+    NodeId(v["id"].as_u64().unwrap())
+}
+
+/// 12 pt area type in a `w` × `h` frame at (`x`, `y`).
+fn area(s: &mut Session, x: f64, y: f64, w: f64, h: f64, text: &str) -> NodeId {
+    id_of(&s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": x, "y": y, "size": 12, "area": {"width": w, "height": h}, "text": text})).unwrap())
+}
+
+fn sel(s: &mut Session, ids: &[NodeId]) {
+    s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": ids.iter().map(|i| i.0).collect::<Vec<_>>()})).unwrap();
+}
+
+fn text(s: &Session, id: NodeId) -> TextObject {
+    match &s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(id).unwrap().kind {
+        NodeKind::Text(t) => (**t).clone(),
+        k => panic!("not text: {k:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+/// The frame's anchors in text space.
+fn corners(s: &Session, id: NodeId) -> Vec<Point> {
+    match text(s, id).kind {
+        TextKind::Area { frame } => frame.anchors().map(|(_, _, a)| a.p).collect(),
+        k => panic!("not area type: {k:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+fn frame(s: &Session, id: NodeId) -> Rect {
+    match text(s, id).kind {
+        TextKind::Area { frame } => frame.bounds().unwrap(),
+        k => panic!("not area type: {k:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+fn layout(s: &Session, id: NodeId) -> TextLayout {
+    vectorcraft_text::layout(vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global(), &text(s, id))
+}
+
+fn undo_len(s: &Session) -> usize {
+    s.doc().unwrap().history.undo.len()
+}
+
+fn last_step(s: &Session) -> String {
+    s.doc().unwrap().history.undo.last().unwrap().label.clone()
+}
+
+/// Press, drag and release `tool` from `from` to `to`.
+fn drag(s: &mut Session, tool: &str, from: Point, to: Point) {
+    let v = ViewInfo::default();
+    s.select_tool(tool, v).unwrap();
+    for (kind, p) in [(PointerKind::Down, from), (PointerKind::Drag, to), (PointerKind::Up, to)] {
+        s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(kind, p.x, p.y).with_mods(Mods::default()), v).unwrap();
+    }
+    assert!(!s.in_interaction());
+}
+
+fn near(a: Point, b: Point) -> bool {
+    a.distance(b) < 1e-6
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_handle_drag_resizes_the_type_area_and_the_text_reflows() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = area(&mut s, 40.0, 40.0, 120.0, 40.0, STORY);
+    let before = layout(&s, id);
+    assert!(before.overflow, "the story overflows 120 × 40");
+    sel(&mut s, &[id]);
+    let n = undo_len(&s);
+    // The bounding box's bottom-right handle, from (160, 80) to (200, 140): 160 × 100.
+    drag(&mut s, "selection", Point::new(160.0, 80.0), Point::new(200.0, 140.0));
+    assert_eq!(undo_len(&s), n + 1, "one step");
+    assert_eq!(last_step(&s), "Resize Type Area");
+    let r = frame(&s, id);
+    assert!(near(r.origin(), Point::ZERO) && (r.width() - 160.0).abs() < 1e-6 && (r.height() - 100.0).abs() < 1e-6, "{r:?}");
+    let t = text(&s, id);
+    assert_eq!(t.xf, Affine::translate((40.0, 40.0)), "the type isn't scaled");
+    assert!(t.runs.iter().all(|r| r.style.size == 12.0));
+    let after = layout(&s, id);
+    assert!(after.lines.len() > before.lines.len(), "more lines fit: {} → {}", before.lines.len(), after.lines.len());
+    assert!(after.glyphs.len() > before.glyphs.len());
+    assert!(!after.overflow, "the whole story fits 160 × 100");
+    // The bounding box hugs the new frame.
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(id).unwrap().geometric_bounds(), Some(Rect::new(40.0, 40.0, 200.0, 140.0)));
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(frame(&s, id), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 120.0, 40.0));
+    assert!(layout(&s, id).overflow);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn point_type_still_scales_with_its_handles() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = id_of(&s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 40, "y": 40, "size": 12, "text": "Hello"})).unwrap());
+    sel(&mut s, &[id]);
+    let b = s.transform_box(&s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects).unwrap();
+    let (tl, br) = (b.to_doc() * Handle::TopLeft.pos(b.rect), b.to_doc() * Handle::BottomRight.pos(b.rect));
+    drag(&mut s, "selection", br, tl + (br - tl) * 2.0);
+    assert_eq!(last_step(&s), "Scale");
+    let c = text(&s, id).xf.as_coeffs();
+    assert!((c[0] - 2.0).abs() < 1e-6 && (c[3] - 2.0).abs() < 1e-6, "the type doubles: {c:?}");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn with_other_objects_the_type_area_resizes_and_the_others_scale() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = area(&mut s, 40.0, 40.0, 120.0, 40.0, STORY);
+    let r = id_of(&s.execute("shape.rectangle", &json!({"x": 40, "y": 100, "width": 120, "height": 20})).unwrap());
+    sel(&mut s, &[id, r]);
+    // The box spans (40, 40)–(160, 120); its right handle doubles the width.
+    drag(&mut s, "selection", Point::new(160.0, 80.0), Point::new(280.0, 80.0));
+    assert_eq!(last_step(&s), "Scale");
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(r).unwrap().geometric_bounds(), Some(Rect::new(40.0, 100.0, 280.0, 120.0)));
+    assert_eq!(frame(&s, id), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 240.0, 40.0));
+    assert_eq!(text(&s, id).xf, Affine::translate((40.0, 40.0)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_rotated_type_area_resizes_along_its_own_axes() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = area(&mut s, 40.0, 40.0, 120.0, 40.0, STORY);
+    sel(&mut s, &[id]);
+    s.execute("object.rotate", &json!({"angle": 30, "absolute": true})).unwrap();
+    let xf = text(&s, id).xf;
+    let b = s.transform_box(&[id]).unwrap();
+    let right = b.to_doc() * Handle::Right.pos(b.rect);
+    let along = (b.to_doc() * Handle::Right.pos(b.rect)) - (b.to_doc() * Handle::Left.pos(b.rect));
+    drag(&mut s, "selection", right, right + along * 0.5);
+    assert_eq!(text(&s, id).xf, xf, "the type keeps its size and angle");
+    let r = frame(&s, id);
+    assert!((r.width() - 180.0).abs() < 1e-6 && (r.height() - 40.0).abs() < 1e-6, "still a rectangle, 180 × 40: {r:?}");
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id).len(), 4);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn direct_selection_drags_a_frame_corner_or_edge() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = area(&mut s, 40.0, 40.0, 120.0, 40.0, STORY);
+    let glyphs = layout(&s, id).glyphs.len();
+    let n = undo_len(&s);
+    // The bottom-right corner, not selected yet: the corner moves, the others stay.
+    drag(&mut s, "directSelection", Point::new(160.0, 80.0), Point::new(200.0, 140.0));
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().selection.objects, vec![id]);
+    assert_eq!(undo_len(&s), n + 1, "one step");
+    assert_eq!(last_step(&s), "Reshape Type Area");
+    let c = corners(&s, id);
+    assert!(near(c[0], Point::ZERO) && near(c[1], Point::new(120.0, 0.0)) && near(c[3], Point::new(0.0, 40.0)), "{c:?}");
+    assert!(near(c[2], Point::new(160.0, 100.0)), "{c:?}");
+    assert!(layout(&s, id).glyphs.len() > glyphs, "more text fits the larger area");
+    assert_eq!(text(&s, id).xf, Affine::translate((40.0, 40.0)));
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(frame(&s, id), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 120.0, 40.0));
+    // The right edge: both its ends move, and the area stays a rectangle.
+    drag(&mut s, "directSelection", Point::new(160.0, 60.0), Point::new(180.0, 60.0));
+    assert_eq!(frame(&s, id), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 140.0, 40.0));
+    assert_eq!(text(&s, id).runs[0].style.size, 12.0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_resized_frame_reflows_its_thread() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let a = area(&mut s, 40.0, 40.0, 120.0, 40.0, STORY);
+    let b = area(&mut s, 300.0, 40.0, 120.0, 200.0, "");
+    sel(&mut s, &[a, b]);
+    s.execute("text.thread.create", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let rest = text(&s, b).plain_text().len();
+    assert!(rest > 0, "the overflow flows on");
+    // Bounding-box resize of the first frame to 160 × 100, as the Selection tool sends it.
+    let m = Affine::translate((40.0, 40.0)) * Affine::scale_non_uniform(160.0 / 120.0, 100.0 / 40.0) * Affine::translate((-40.0, -40.0));
+    let c = m.as_coeffs();
+    s.execute("object.transform", &json!({"ids": [a.0], "matrix": c, "typeAreas": true})).unwrap();
+    assert!(text(&s, b).plain_text().len() < rest, "the second frame holds less");
+    assert_eq!(text(&s, a).plain_text().len() + text(&s, b).plain_text().len(), STORY.len());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn area_type_options_size_the_type_area() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = area(&mut s, 40.0, 40.0, 120.0, 40.0, STORY);
+    sel(&mut s, &[id]);
+    let q = s.execute("text.areaOptions", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((q["width"].as_f64(), q["height"].as_f64()), (Some(120.0), Some(40.0)));
+    let n = undo_len(&s);
+    let r = s.execute("text.areaOptions", &json!({"width": 160, "height": 100})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((r["width"].as_f64(), r["height"].as_f64()), (Some(160.0), Some(100.0)));
+    assert_eq!(frame(&s, id), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 160.0, 100.0));
+    assert_eq!(text(&s, id).xf, Affine::translate((40.0, 40.0)));
+    assert!(!layout(&s, id).overflow);
+    // The dialog's OK sends the size back unchanged with the other options: only those change.
+    s.execute("text.areaOptions", &json!({"width": 160, "height": 100, "inset": 4})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(frame(&s, id), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 160.0, 100.0));
+    assert_eq!(undo_len(&s), n + 2);
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(frame(&s, id), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 120.0, 40.0));
+    // Type scaled 200%: sizes are in points on the page, along the type's axes.
+    s.execute("object.scale", &json!({"sx": 200, "origin": [40, 40]})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.execute("text.areaOptions", &json!({})).unwrap()["width"].as_f64(), Some(240.0));
+    s.execute("text.areaOptions", &json!({"width": 300})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(frame(&s, id), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 150.0, 40.0));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn reshape_area_takes_untrusted_params() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let id = area(&mut s, 40.0, 40.0, 120.0, 40.0, STORY);
+    let point = id_of(&s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 40, "y": 300, "text": "Point"})).unwrap());
+    let rect = id_of(&s.execute("shape.rectangle", &json!({"x": 300, "y": 300, "width": 50, "height": 50})).unwrap());
+    let n = undo_len(&s);
+    for bad in [
+        json!({}),
+        json!({"anchors": [[0, 2]], "dx": 1, "dy": 1}),
+        json!({"id": point.0, "anchors": [[0, 0]], "dx": 1, "dy": 1}),
+        json!({"id": rect.0, "anchors": [[0, 0]], "dx": 1, "dy": 1}),
+        json!({"id": 99_999, "anchors": [[0, 0]], "dx": 1, "dy": 1}),
+        json!({"id": id.0, "dx": 1, "dy": 1}),
+        json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [], "dx": 1, "dy": 1}),
+        json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [["a", 1], [0], "x"], "dx": 1, "dy": 1}),
+        json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [[0, 9]], "dx": 1, "dy": 1}),
+        json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [[0, 1], [7, 0]], "dx": 1, "dy": 1}),
+        json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [[0, 2]], "dy": 1}),
+        json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [[0, 2]], "dx": "far", "dy": 1}),
+        json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [[0, 2]], "dx": 0, "dy": 1e300}),
+        json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [[0, 2]], "dx": -1e7, "dy": 0}),
+    ] {
+        assert!(s.execute("text.reshapeArea", &bad).is_err(), "{bad}");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(undo_len(&s), n, "nothing changed");
+    assert_eq!(frame(&s, id), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 120.0, 40.0));
+    // Listed twice, an anchor still moves once.
+    s.execute("text.reshapeArea", &json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [[0, 2], [0, 2]], "dx": 10, "dy": 5})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id)[2], Point::new(130.0, 45.0));
+    assert_eq!(last_step(&s), "Reshape Type Area");
+    // A frame collapsed to nothing lays out (everything overflows) without trouble.
+    for m in [[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 40.0, 0.0], [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 40.0], [0.0; 6]] {
+        s.execute("object.transform", &json!({"ids": [id.0], "matrix": m, "typeAreas": true})).unwrap();
+        assert!(layout(&s, id).overflow);
+        s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn reshape_area_is_a_registered_command() {
+    let spec = cmd::find_command("text.reshapeArea").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(spec.label, "Reshape Type Area");
+    assert!(spec.params.contains("anchors") && spec.params.contains("dx"));
+    assert!(cmd::find_command("object.transform").unwrap().params.contains("typeAreas"));
+    assert!(session().commands().iter().any(|c| c.id == "text.reshapeArea" && c.enabled));
+}

crates/engine/src/tests_xform.rs

@@ -148,6 +148,27 @@ fn free_transform_distort_mode_via_pointer() {
     assert_eq!(s.journal.last().map(|j| j.0.as_str()), Some("object.distort"));
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn free_transform_cmd_held_once_a_corner_drag_started_distorts_in_one_step() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let a = rect(&mut s, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0);
+    let v = ViewInfo::default();
+    s.select_tool("freeTransform", v).unwrap();
+    let before = undo_len(&s);
+    let cmd = Mods { cmd: true, ..Default::default() };
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Down, 200.0, 200.0), v).unwrap();
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Drag, 210.0, 210.0), v).unwrap();
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Drag, 250.0, 260.0).with_mods(cmd), v).unwrap();
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Up, 250.0, 260.0).with_mods(cmd), v).unwrap();
+    let d = &s.doc().unwrap().doc;
+    let pts: Vec<Point> = d.node(a).unwrap().path_data().unwrap().anchors().map(|(_, _, an)| an.p).collect();
+    for p in [Point::new(250.0, 260.0), Point::new(100.0, 100.0), Point::new(200.0, 100.0), Point::new(100.0, 200.0)] {
+        assert!(pts.iter().any(|q| q.distance(p) < 1e-6), "{p:?} not in {pts:?}");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(undo_len(&s), before + 1);
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().history.undo.last().map(|e| e.label.as_str()), Some("Distort"));
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn free_transform_side_handle_scales() {
     let mut s = session();
@@ -244,6 +265,54 @@ fn artboard_resize_via_handle_and_move_command() {
     assert!(s.execute("artboard.move", &json!({"index": 7, "dx": 1})).is_err());
 }
 
+/// Alt-dragging an artboard with the Artboard tool leaves it and its art in place and moves
+/// copies of both.
+#[test]
+fn artboard_alt_drag_duplicates_it_with_its_art() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let r = rect(&mut s, 100.0, 100.0, 50.0, 50.0);
+    s.execute("select.none", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let alt = Mods { alt: true, ..Mods::default() };
+    gesture(&mut s, "artboard", &[(400.0, 300.0), (600.0, 300.0), (1300.0, 300.0), (1300.0, 300.0)], alt);
+    let st = s.doc().unwrap();
+    let d = &st.doc;
+    assert_eq!(d.artboards.len(), 2);
+    assert_eq!(d.artboards[0].rect, Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 800.0, 600.0), "the original stays");
+    assert_eq!((d.artboards[1].rect, d.artboards[1].name.as_str()), (Rect::new(900.0, 0.0, 1700.0, 600.0), "Artboard 1 copy"));
+    assert_ne!(d.artboards[1].id, d.artboards[0].id);
+    let kids = d.layers[0].children().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(kids.len(), 2, "the rectangle and its copy");
+    assert_eq!(d.node(r).unwrap().geometric_bounds().unwrap().x0, 100.0);
+    let copy = kids.iter().find(|n| n.id != r).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(copy.geometric_bounds().unwrap().x0, 1000.0);
+    assert_eq!(st.history.undo.last().unwrap().label, "Duplicate Artboard");
+    // One undo takes the copies away.
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let d = &s.doc().unwrap().doc;
+    assert_eq!((d.artboards.len(), d.layers[0].children().unwrap().len()), (1, 1));
+}
+
+/// `artboard.move` with `copy` reports the copies it moved, and copies only the artboard when Move/Copy
+/// Artwork with Artboard is off.
+#[test]
+fn artboard_move_copy_reports_the_copies_and_follows_move_art() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let r = rect(&mut s, 100.0, 100.0, 50.0, 50.0);
+    let out = s.execute("artboard.move", &json!({"index": 0, "dx": 900, "dy": 0, "copy": true, "moveArt": true})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(out["index"], 1);
+    let copies: Vec<NodeId> = out["moved"].as_array().unwrap().iter().map(|v| NodeId(v.as_u64().unwrap())).collect();
+    assert_eq!(copies.len(), 1);
+    assert_ne!(copies[0], r);
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(copies[0]).unwrap().geometric_bounds().unwrap().x0, 1000.0);
+    let out = s.execute("artboard.move", &json!({"index": 0, "dx": 0, "dy": 900, "copy": true})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(out["moved"], json!([]));
+    let d = &s.doc().unwrap().doc;
+    assert_eq!((d.artboards.len(), d.layers[0].children().unwrap().len()), (3, 2), "an artboard alone");
+    assert_eq!(d.artboards[2].name, "Artboard 1 copy 2", "a name of its own");
+    let ids: std::collections::HashSet<u32> = d.artboards.iter().map(|a| a.id).collect();
+    assert_eq!(ids.len(), 3, "every artboard has an id of its own");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn magic_wand_selects_same_fill() {
     let mut s = session();

crates/engine/src/tooling.rs

@@ -56,8 +56,21 @@ impl Session {
         self.tool.id()
     }
 
-    /// Switch tools (finishing any pending tool work first).
+    /// Choose a tool (the toolbar, its shortcut, MCP), finishing any pending tool work first.
     pub fn select_tool(&mut self, id: &str, view: ViewInfo) -> Result<()> {
+        // Choosing a perspective tool shows the document's perspective grid; Hide Grid hides it
+        // again, the tool staying chosen.
+        if matches!(id, "perspectiveGrid" | "perspectiveSelection")
+            && self.active().is_some_and(|d| !vectorcraft_tools::distort::perspective::PerspectiveGrid::current(&d.doc).visible)
+        {
+            crate::cmd::distortcmds::silent(self, |g| g.visible = true)?;
+        }
+        self.switch_tool(id, view)
+    }
+
+    /// Switch to tool `id` without choosing it afresh (back from a temporary tool: a hidden
+    /// perspective grid stays hidden), finishing any pending tool work first.
+    pub fn switch_tool(&mut self, id: &str, view: ViewInfo) -> Result<()> {
         if self.tool.id() == id {
             return Ok(());
         }
@@ -138,6 +151,7 @@ impl Session {
             paste_plain_text: self.prefs.paste_text_formatting == "plain",
             slices_hidden: self.menu.slices_hidden,
             slices_locked: self.menu.slices_locked,
+            auto_add_delete: !self.prefs.disable_auto_add_delete,
             screen: view.screen,
             plane_widget: self.prefs.perspective_widget.show.then_some(self.prefs.perspective_widget.position),
         };
@@ -214,6 +228,24 @@ impl Session {
         self.tool.wants_text()
     }
 
+    /// IME marked text for the active tool (see `Tool::ime_preedit`; `active_chars` counts
+    /// characters).
+    pub fn tool_preedit(&mut self, text: &str, active_chars: Option<std::ops::Range<usize>>, view: ViewInfo) -> Result<Vec<UiRequest>> {
+        let acts = self.with_tool_cx(view, |t, cx| t.ime_preedit(cx, text, active_chars));
+        self.take_tool_panic()?;
+        self.apply_actions(acts)
+    }
+
+    /// Is the active tool showing uncommitted IME text?
+    pub fn tool_composing(&self) -> bool {
+        self.tool.composing()
+    }
+
+    /// The caret line (document space) the IME candidate window follows.
+    pub fn tool_ime_caret(&mut self, view: ViewInfo) -> Option<(Point, Point)> {
+        self.with_tool_cx(view, |t, cx| t.ime_caret(cx))
+    }
+
     pub fn tool_busy(&self) -> bool {
         self.tool.busy()
     }
@@ -228,7 +260,7 @@ impl Session {
         if let Some(d) = self.active() {
             let w = self.prefs.perspective_widget;
             let place = w.show.then_some(WidgetPlace { screen: view.screen.as_ref(), corner: w.position });
-            v.splice(0..0, vectorcraft_tools::distort::perspective::grid_overlays_in(&d.doc, 1.0 / view.zoom.max(1e-9), self.tool.id(), place));
+            v.splice(0..0, vectorcraft_tools::distort::perspective::grid_overlays_in(&d.doc, 1.0 / view.zoom.max(1e-9), place));
         }
         v
     }

crates/engine/tests/import_fuzz.rs

@@ -910,6 +910,12 @@ fn arb_ps_token() -> impl Strategy<Value = String> {
             "stopped", "begin", "end", "dict", "array", "string", "get", "put", "getinterval", "putinterval", "aload", "astore", "forall",
             "[", "]", "<<", ">>", "{", "}", "matrix", "currentmatrix", "setmatrix", "transform", "itransform", "invertmatrix", "pathbbox",
             "clippath", "initclip", "currentpoint", "eexec", "cleartomark", "mark", "counttomark", "showpage", "gstate", "setgstate",
+            "clipsave", "cliprestore", "languagelevel", "cvx", "findresource", "defineresource", "undefineresource", "resourcestatus",
+            "resourceforall", "/Category", "/Generic", "/ProcSet", "(*)", "(G?n*\\\\*?)", "{pop}", "8 string",
+            "(*) {pop} 8 string /Category resourceforall", "/Generic /Category findresource dup length dict copy /Category defineresource",
+            "dictstack", "8 array", "1183615869 internaldict", "cshow", "currentsystemparams", "currentuserparams", "flushfile", "xcheck",
+            "systemdict", "/userdict", "SharedFontDirectory", "(1 2 add) 0 () /SubFileDecode filter cvx exec", "currentfile cvx exec",
+            "/p { (p) 0 () /SubFileDecode filter cvx exec } def p", "currentfile 0 () /SubFileDecode filter cvx exec", "cvlit", "{ (a) cshow }",
             "/ASCII85Decode", "/ASCIIHexDecode", "/FlateDecode", "/RunLengthDecode", "/LZWDecode", "/DCTDecode", "/SubFileDecode",
             "/DeviceRGB", "/DeviceCMYK", "/DeviceGray", "/Pattern", "/x", "x", "/Helvetica", "(abc)", "<ff00>", "<~87cURD]i,\"Ebo80~>",
             "true", "false", "null", "[/Separation (S) /DeviceCMYK {dup dup dup}]", "[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 1 <ff000000ff00>]",

crates/eps/src/import/data.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use vectorcraft_geom::Affine;
 use super::graphics::{Space, process};
 use super::interp::{Interp, matrix_of};
 use super::lex::{find, hex_decode};
-use super::obj::{DictRef, Key, Obj, Op, PsError, Res, ps_err};
+use super::obj::{DictRef, Key, Obj, Op, PsError, Res, Shared, ps_err};
 use crate::ps;
 
 /// Most bytes one filter or image reads.
@@ -185,7 +185,8 @@ fn decode(f: &Filter, raw: &[u8]) -> Res<(Vec<u8>, usize, Option<u8>)> {
         "SubFileDecode" => {
             let (count, eod) = &f.sub;
             if eod.is_empty() {
-                let n = (*count).min(raw.len());
+                // A count of 0 without an end string sets no end: the data passes through whole.
+                let n = if *count == 0 { raw.len() } else { (*count).min(raw.len()) };
                 (raw.get(..n).unwrap_or_default().to_vec(), n)
             } else {
                 let (mut at, mut seen) = (0, 0);
@@ -218,25 +219,20 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
     pub fn data_op(&mut self, op: Op) -> Res {
         use Op::*;
         match op {
-            CurrentFile => self.push(Obj::File(Rc::new(RefCell::new(Stream::Current))))?,
+            CurrentFile => self.push(Obj::File { stream: Rc::new(RefCell::new(Stream::Current)), exec: false })?,
             Filter => self.filter()?,
             ReadHexString | ReadString => {
                 let s = self.pop_str()?;
-                let Obj::File(f) = self.pop()? else { return ps_err("typecheck", "") };
-                let n = s.borrow().len();
+                let Obj::File { stream: f, .. } = self.pop()? else { return ps_err("typecheck", "") };
+                let n = s.len();
                 let got = if op == ReadString { self.read(&f, n)? } else { self.read_hex(&f, n)? };
-                let full = got.len() == n;
-                self.alloc(got.len())?;
-                if let Some(d) = s.borrow_mut().get_mut(..got.len()) {
-                    d.copy_from_slice(&got);
-                }
-                self.push(Obj::string(got))?;
-                self.push(Obj::Bool(full))?;
+                self.fill(s, &got)?;
+                self.push(Obj::Bool(got.len() == n))?;
             }
             ReadLine => {
                 let s = self.pop_str()?;
-                let Obj::File(f) = self.pop()? else { return ps_err("typecheck", "") };
-                let n = s.borrow().len();
+                let Obj::File { stream: f, .. } = self.pop()? else { return ps_err("typecheck", "") };
+                let n = s.len();
                 let mut line = vec![];
                 let mut ended = false;
                 while line.len() < n {
@@ -252,11 +248,17 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
                         Some(b) => line.push(*b),
                     }
                 }
-                self.alloc(line.len())?;
-                self.push(Obj::string(line))?;
+                self.fill(s, &line)?;
                 self.push(Obj::Bool(ended))?;
             }
-            FlushFile | CloseFile => {
+            FlushFile => {
+                // An input file is read to its end: a filter over the program's data skips it
+                // (metadata read with `flushfile`). The program's own file goes on being run.
+                if let Obj::File { stream, .. } = self.pop()? {
+                    self.materialize(&stream)?;
+                }
+            }
+            CloseFile => {
                 self.pop()?;
             }
             File => {
@@ -307,12 +309,20 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
         Ok(out)
     }
 
+    /// Read bytes `got` into string `s` and push the part of `s` they fill.
+    fn fill(&mut self, s: Shared<u8>, got: &[u8]) -> Res {
+        if !s.write(0, got) {
+            return ps_err("rangecheck", "");
+        }
+        self.push_interval(Obj::Str(s), 0, got.len())
+    }
+
     /// `filter`: a file that decodes its source. Over the program's own data it decodes when
     /// first read (the data follows the operator that reads it); over other data, at once.
     fn filter(&mut self) -> Res {
         let name = self.pop()?.text().ok_or(PsError::Ps("typecheck", "filter".into()))?;
         let sub = if &*name == "SubFileDecode" {
-            let eod = self.pop_str()?.borrow().clone();
+            let eod = self.pop_str()?.to_vec();
             let count = self.pop_count()?;
             (count, eod)
         } else {
@@ -327,7 +337,7 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
         }
         let spec = Filter { name, sub };
         let stream = match self.pop()? {
-            Obj::File(f) => {
+            Obj::File { stream: f, .. } => {
                 if let Stream::Buf { data, pos, .. } = &*f.borrow() {
                     self.alloc(data.len().saturating_sub(*pos))?;
                 }
@@ -338,6 +348,11 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
                 };
                 match chain {
                     Some(mut c) => {
+                        // The new filter reads a pending one's data: it has none left of its own
+                        // (`flushfile` on it skips nothing more).
+                        if !c.is_empty() {
+                            *f.borrow_mut() = Stream::Buf { data: vec![], pos: 0, rgb: None };
+                        }
                         c.push(spec);
                         Stream::Pending(c)
                     }
@@ -362,7 +377,16 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
             }
             _ => return ps_err("typecheck", "filter"),
         };
-        self.push(Obj::File(Rc::new(RefCell::new(stream))))
+        self.push(Obj::File { stream: Rc::new(RefCell::new(stream)), exec: false })
+    }
+
+    /// The data an executable file runs as a program: what is left of it. `None` for the
+    /// program's own file, which is being run already.
+    pub(super) fn program_of(&mut self, f: &Rc<RefCell<Stream>>) -> Res<Option<Vec<u8>>> {
+        if matches!(&*f.borrow(), Stream::Current) {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        self.read(f, MAX_DATA).map(Some)
     }
 
     /// Decode the filters a file waits to run over the program's data, from where it is now.
@@ -686,9 +710,9 @@ struct Pixels {
 
 fn source(o: &Obj) -> Res<Source> {
     Ok(match o {
-        Obj::File(f) => Source::File(f.clone()),
-        Obj::Str(s) => Source::Str(s.borrow().clone()),
-        p @ Obj::Array { .. } => Source::Proc(Obj::Array { items: p.items().cloned().unwrap_or_default(), exec: true }),
+        Obj::File { stream: f, .. } => Source::File(f.clone()),
+        Obj::Str(s) => Source::Str(s.to_vec()),
+        Obj::Array { items, .. } => Source::Proc(Obj::Array { items: items.clone(), exec: true }),
         _ => return ps_err("typecheck", "DataSource"),
     })
 }

crates/eps/src/import/graphics.rs

@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ pub(crate) struct GState {
     pub cur: Option<Point>,
     pub start: Option<Point>,
     pub clips: Vec<Arc<Clip>>,
+    /// The clips `clipsave` saved, for `cliprestore`.
+    pub saved_clips: Vec<Rc<[Arc<Clip>]>>,
     pub overprint: bool,
     pub font: Option<DictRef>,
 }
@@ -128,6 +130,7 @@ impl Default for GState {
             cur: None,
             start: None,
             clips: vec![],
+            saved_clips: vec![],
             overprint: false,
             font: None,
         }
@@ -489,7 +492,7 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
         let (family, items) = match o {
             Obj::Name(n) | Obj::Exec(n) => (n.clone(), vec![]),
             Obj::Array { items, .. } => {
-                let v = items.borrow().clone();
+                let v = items.to_vec();
                 let n = v.first().and_then(Obj::text).ok_or(PsError::Ps("typecheck", "setcolorspace".into()))?;
                 (n, v)
             }
@@ -702,7 +705,7 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
         let d = match f {
             Obj::Dict(d) => d.clone(),
             Obj::Array { items, .. } => {
-                let fs = items.borrow().clone();
+                let fs = items.to_vec();
                 let mut out = vec![];
                 for g in &fs {
                     out.extend(self.eval(g, t, depth + 1)?.first().copied());
@@ -730,7 +733,7 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
                 Ok(c0.iter().zip(&c1).map(|(a, b)| a + x * (b - a)).collect())
             }
             Some(3.0) => {
-                let fs = get("Functions").and_then(|o| o.items().map(|i| i.borrow().clone())).unwrap_or_default();
+                let fs = get("Functions").and_then(|o| o.items().map(|i| i.to_vec())).unwrap_or_default();
                 let bounds = nums(get("Bounds"));
                 let encode = nums(get("Encode"));
                 let (lo, hi) = (domain.first().copied().unwrap_or(0.0), domain.get(1).copied().unwrap_or(1.0));
@@ -943,6 +946,16 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
                 d.insert(Key::name("PageSize"), Obj::array(vec![Obj::Real(f.width()), Obj::Real(f.height())]));
                 self.push(Obj::dict(d))?;
             }
+            // The cache and stack sizes programs read (they `get` them without asking first).
+            CurrentUserParams | CurrentSystemParams => {
+                let keys: &[&str] = if op == CurrentUserParams {
+                    &["MaxFontItem", "MaxFormItem", "MaxPatternItem", "MaxUPathItem", "MaxOpStack", "MaxDictStack", "MaxExecStack"]
+                } else {
+                    &["MaxFontCache", "MaxFormCache", "MaxPatternCache", "MaxUPathCache", "MaxScreenStorage", "MaxDisplayList"]
+                };
+                let d: super::obj::Dict = keys.iter().map(|k| (Key::name(k), Obj::Int(1 << 20))).collect();
+                self.push(Obj::dict(d))?;
+            }
             ShowPage => return Err(PsError::Quit),
             CopyPage | ErasePage => {}
             Matrix => self.push(matrix_obj(Affine::IDENTITY))?,
@@ -1095,6 +1108,19 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
                 self.g.start = self.g.cur;
             }
             InitClip => self.g.clips.clear(),
+            ClipSave => {
+                if self.g.saved_clips.len() >= MAX_GSAVE {
+                    return Err(PsError::Limit("too many saved clips"));
+                }
+                self.alloc(std::mem::size_of_val(self.g.clips.as_slice()))?;
+                let clips = self.g.clips.as_slice().into();
+                self.g.saved_clips.push(clips);
+            }
+            ClipRestore => {
+                if let Some(clips) = self.g.saved_clips.pop() {
+                    self.g.clips = clips.to_vec();
+                }
+            }
             Clip | EoClip => {
                 let bp = self.g.path.clone();
                 self.clip_with(bp, if op == EoClip { FillRule::EvenOdd } else { FillRule::NonZero });
@@ -1118,7 +1144,7 @@ impl Interp<'_> {
             }
             RectStroke => {
                 let m = match self.stack.last() {
-                    Some(Obj::Array { items, .. }) if items.borrow().len() == 6 => Some(self.pop_matrix()?),
+                    Some(Obj::Array { items, .. }) if items.len() == 6 => Some(self.pop_matrix()?),
                     _ => None,
                 };
                 let mut bp = self.rects()?;
@@ -1157,7 +1183,7 @@ fn linear_points(f: &Obj) -> Option<Vec<f64>> {
     match num("FunctionType")? {
         2.0 if num("N").unwrap_or(1.0) == 1.0 => Some(vec![]),
         3.0 => {
-            let fs = d.get(&Key::name("Functions"))?.items()?.borrow().clone();
+            let fs = d.get(&Key::name("Functions"))?.items()?.to_vec();
             if !fs.iter().all(|g| linear_points(g).is_some_and(|p| p.is_empty())) {
                 return None;
             }

crates/eps/src/import/interp.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use vectorcraft_geom::Affine;
 
 use super::graphics::{GState, Out};
 use super::lex::Lexer;
-use super::obj::{Dict, DictRef, Key, Obj, Op, PsError, Res, ps_err};
+use super::obj::{Dict, DictRef, Key, Obj, Op, PsError, Res, Shared, ps_err};
 
 /// Most operations one file may run.
 const MAX_OPS: u64 = 50_000_000;
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ pub(crate) struct Interp<'a> {
     global: DictRef,
     status: DictRef,
     error: DictRef,
+    /// `internaldict`'s dictionary, for font programs.
+    internal: DictRef,
     /// `FontDirectory`: fonts defined with `definefont`.
     pub fonts: DictRef,
     /// Resources by category (`defineresource`).
@@ -61,6 +63,12 @@ fn encoding() -> Obj {
     Obj::array(vec![Obj::name(".notdef"); 256])
 }
 
+/// The resource categories there are to begin with (instances of `Category`).
+const CATEGORIES: &str = "Category Generic Font CIDFont CMap FontSet Encoding Form Pattern ProcSet ColorSpace Halftone \r
+                          ColorRendering IdiomSet InkParams TrapParams OutputDevice ControlLanguage Localization PDL HWOptions \r
+                          Filter ColorSpaceFamily Emulator IODevice ColorRenderingType FMapType FontType FormType HalftoneType \r
+                          ImageType PatternType FunctionType ShadingType";
+
 impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
     pub fn new(src: &'a [u8], g: GState, out: Out) -> Self {
         let system = new_dict();
@@ -72,11 +80,35 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
             for name in ["StandardEncoding", "ISOLatin1Encoding"] {
                 d.insert(Key::name(name), encoding());
             }
+            // An integer, as interpreters have it (`systemdict /languagelevel get 2 ge`): run, the
+            // name pushes it all the same.
+            d.insert(Key::name("languagelevel"), Obj::Int(3));
         }
+        // Each category's implementation dictionary (`/Generic /Category findresource`).
+        let categories: Dict =
+            CATEGORIES.split_whitespace().map(|c| (Key::name(c), Obj::dict(Dict::from([(Key::name("Category"), Obj::name(c))])))).collect();
+        let resources = new_dict();
+        resources.borrow_mut().insert(Key::name("Category"), Obj::dict(categories));
         let fonts = new_dict();
         system.borrow_mut().insert(Key::name("FontDirectory"), Obj::Dict(fonts.clone()));
-        system.borrow_mut().insert(Key::name("GlobalFontDirectory"), Obj::Dict(fonts.clone()));
-        let (user, global) = (new_dict(), new_dict());
+        for name in ["GlobalFontDirectory", "SharedFontDirectory"] {
+            system.borrow_mut().insert(Key::name(name), Obj::Dict(fonts.clone()));
+        }
+        let (user, global, status, error) = (new_dict(), new_dict(), new_dict(), new_dict());
+        // Errors don't reach the program's handler, but prologs wrap the one they find.
+        error.borrow_mut().insert(Key::name("handleerror"), Obj::proc(vec![]));
+        // The standard dictionaries are values in systemdict, so `get`, `load` and `where` find
+        // them as dictionaries (`/globaldict where { /globaldict get begin } if`).
+        for (name, d) in [
+            ("systemdict", &system),
+            ("userdict", &user),
+            ("globaldict", &global),
+            ("statusdict", &status),
+            ("errordict", &error),
+            ("$error", &error),
+        ] {
+            system.borrow_mut().insert(Key::name(name), Obj::Dict(d.clone()));
+        }
         Self {
             lex: Lexer::new(src),
             stack: vec![],
@@ -84,10 +116,11 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
             system,
             user,
             global,
-            status: new_dict(),
-            error: new_dict(),
+            status,
+            error,
+            internal: new_dict(),
             fonts,
-            resources: new_dict(),
+            resources,
             depth: 0,
             ops: 0,
             allocated: 0,
@@ -109,6 +142,18 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Empty the standard dictionaries, so the memory they hold is freed with the interpreter:
+    /// systemdict holds itself, and programs link dictionaries into each other.
+    pub fn release(&mut self) {
+        for d in [&self.system, &self.user, &self.global, &self.status, &self.error, &self.internal, &self.fonts, &self.resources] {
+            if let Ok(mut d) = d.try_borrow_mut() {
+                d.clear();
+            }
+        }
+        self.dicts.clear();
+        self.stack.clear();
+    }
+
     // ---------- the operand stack ----------
 
     pub fn push(&mut self, o: Obj) -> Res {
@@ -175,7 +220,7 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn pop_str(&mut self) -> Res<Rc<RefCell<Vec<u8>>>> {
+    pub fn pop_str(&mut self) -> Res<Shared<u8>> {
         match self.pop()? {
             Obj::Str(s) => Ok(s),
             _ => ps_err("typecheck", "a string"),
@@ -183,7 +228,7 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
     }
 
     /// An array or procedure.
-    pub fn pop_array(&mut self) -> Res<Rc<RefCell<Vec<Obj>>>> {
+    pub fn pop_array(&mut self) -> Res<Shared<Obj>> {
         match self.pop()? {
             Obj::Array { items, .. } => Ok(items),
             _ => ps_err("typecheck", "an array"),
@@ -197,15 +242,9 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
     }
 
     /// Store `m` into the matrix operand `items` and push it back.
-    pub fn put_matrix(&mut self, items: Rc<RefCell<Vec<Obj>>>, m: Affine) -> Res {
-        {
-            let mut v = items.borrow_mut();
-            if v.len() != 6 {
-                return ps_err("rangecheck", "a matrix");
-            }
-            for (slot, c) in v.iter_mut().zip(m.as_coeffs()) {
-                *slot = Obj::Real(c);
-            }
+    pub fn put_matrix(&mut self, items: Shared<Obj>, m: Affine) -> Res {
+        if items.len() != 6 || !items.write(0, &m.as_coeffs().map(Obj::Real)) {
+            return ps_err("rangecheck", "a matrix");
         }
         self.push(Obj::Array { items, exec: false })
     }
@@ -228,7 +267,13 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
     }
 
     fn tick(&mut self) -> Res {
-        self.ops += 1;
+        self.spend(1)
+    }
+
+    /// Count `ops` operations' worth of work against [`MAX_OPS`]: what an operator that costs
+    /// far more than one operation (laying out type) does in a loop has to end too.
+    pub fn spend(&mut self, ops: u64) -> Res {
+        self.ops = self.ops.saturating_add(ops);
         if self.ops > MAX_OPS {
             return Err(PsError::Limit("the program runs too long"));
         }
@@ -254,6 +299,7 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
     pub fn call(&mut self, v: Obj) -> Res {
         match v {
             Obj::Array { items, exec: true } => self.run_proc(&items),
+            Obj::File { stream, exec: true } => self.run_file(&stream),
             Obj::Op(op) => self.op(op),
             Obj::Exec(name) => {
                 self.enter()?;
@@ -276,24 +322,44 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn run_proc(&mut self, items: &Rc<RefCell<Vec<Obj>>>) -> Res {
+    fn run_proc(&mut self, items: &Shared<Obj>) -> Res {
         self.enter()?;
         let r = self.run_items(items);
         self.depth -= 1;
         r
     }
 
-    fn run_items(&mut self, items: &Rc<RefCell<Vec<Obj>>>) -> Res {
+    /// Run what is left of an executable file as a program, token by token.
+    fn run_file(&mut self, f: &Rc<RefCell<super::data::Stream>>) -> Res {
+        let Some(program) = self.program_of(f)? else { return Ok(()) };
+        self.enter()?;
+        let mut lex = Lexer::new(&program);
+        let r = loop {
+            match lex.next() {
+                Ok(Some(o)) => {
+                    if let Err(e) = self.exec_token(o) {
+                        break Err(e);
+                    }
+                }
+                Ok(None) => break Ok(()),
+                Err(e) => break Err(e),
+            }
+        };
+        self.depth -= 1;
+        r
+    }
+
+    fn run_items(&mut self, items: &Shared<Obj>) -> Res {
         let mut i = 0;
         loop {
-            let Some(o) = items.borrow().get(i).cloned() else { return Ok(()) };
+            let Some(o) = items.get(i) else { return Ok(()) };
             i += 1;
             self.exec_token(o)?;
         }
     }
 
     /// Run `proc` as a loop body: `Ok(false)` when it ran `exit`.
-    fn body(&mut self, proc: &Obj) -> Res<bool> {
+    pub fn body(&mut self, proc: &Obj) -> Res<bool> {
         self.tick()?;
         match self.call(proc.clone()) {
             Ok(()) => Ok(true),
@@ -303,7 +369,7 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
     }
 
     /// Run a procedure operand, executable or not (`exec`, `if`, loops).
-    fn pop_proc(&mut self) -> Res<Obj> {
+    pub fn pop_proc(&mut self) -> Res<Obj> {
         match self.pop()? {
             Obj::Array { items, .. } => Ok(Obj::Array { items, exec: true }),
             o @ (Obj::Op(_) | Obj::Exec(_)) => Ok(o),
@@ -480,7 +546,7 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
             Gt | Ge | Lt | Le => {
                 let (b, a) = (self.pop()?, self.pop()?);
                 let ord = match (&a, &b) {
-                    (Obj::Str(x), Obj::Str(y)) => x.borrow().as_slice().partial_cmp(y.borrow().as_slice()),
+                    (Obj::Str(x), Obj::Str(y)) => x.borrow().partial_cmp(&*y.borrow()),
                     _ => a.as_num().zip(b.as_num()).and_then(|(x, y)| x.partial_cmp(&y)),
                 }
                 .ok_or(PsError::Ps("typecheck", String::new()))?;
@@ -612,6 +678,7 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
             Cvx => {
                 let o = match self.pop()? {
                     Obj::Array { items, .. } => Obj::Array { items, exec: true },
+                    Obj::File { stream, .. } => Obj::File { stream, exec: true },
                     Obj::Name(n) => Obj::Exec(n),
                     o => o,
                 };
@@ -620,6 +687,7 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
             Cvlit => {
                 let o = match self.pop()? {
                     Obj::Array { items, .. } => Obj::Array { items, exec: false },
+                    Obj::File { stream, .. } => Obj::File { stream, exec: false },
                     Obj::Exec(n) => Obj::Name(n),
                     o => o,
                 };
@@ -627,7 +695,7 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
             }
             Xcheck => {
                 let o = self.pop()?;
-                self.push(Obj::Bool(matches!(o, Obj::Array { exec: true, .. } | Obj::Exec(_) | Obj::Op(_))))?;
+                self.push(Obj::Bool(matches!(o, Obj::Array { exec: true, .. } | Obj::File { exec: true, .. } | Obj::Exec(_) | Obj::Op(_))))?;
             }
             Cvn => {
                 let s = self.pop_str()?;
@@ -646,14 +714,10 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
                 } else {
                     show_text(&self.pop()?)
                 };
-                let n = text.len();
-                if n > s.borrow().len() {
+                if !s.write(0, text.as_bytes()) {
                     return ps_err("rangecheck", "");
                 }
-                if let Some(d) = s.borrow_mut().get_mut(..n) {
-                    d.copy_from_slice(text.as_bytes());
-                }
-                self.push_interval(Obj::Str(s), 0, n)?;
+                self.push_interval(Obj::Str(s), 0, text.len())?;
             }
             ReadOnly | ExecuteOnly | NoAccess | SetPacking | SetGlobal | SetObjectFormat => {
                 if matches!(op, SetPacking | SetGlobal | SetObjectFormat) {
@@ -683,8 +747,8 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
             }
             Length => {
                 let n = match self.pop()? {
-                    Obj::Array { items, .. } => items.borrow().len(),
-                    Obj::Str(s) => s.borrow().len(),
+                    Obj::Array { items, .. } => items.len(),
+                    Obj::Str(s) => s.len(),
                     Obj::Dict(d) => d.borrow().len(),
                     Obj::Name(n) | Obj::Exec(n) => n.len(),
                     _ => return ps_err("typecheck", ""),
@@ -699,14 +763,8 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
             Get => {
                 let k = self.pop()?;
                 let o = match self.pop()? {
-                    Obj::Array { items, .. } => {
-                        let i = index(&k)?;
-                        items.borrow().get(i).cloned().ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?
-                    }
-                    Obj::Str(s) => {
-                        let i = index(&k)?;
-                        Obj::Int(i64::from(*s.borrow().get(i).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?))
-                    }
+                    Obj::Array { items, .. } => items.get(index(&k)?).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?,
+                    Obj::Str(s) => Obj::Int(i64::from(s.get(index(&k)?).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?)),
                     Obj::Dict(d) => {
                         let key = k.key().ok_or(PsError::Ps("typecheck", String::new()))?;
                         let v = d.borrow().get(&key).cloned();
@@ -718,21 +776,21 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
             }
             Put => {
                 let (v, k, c) = (self.pop()?, self.pop()?, self.pop()?);
-                match c {
-                    Obj::Array { items, .. } => {
-                        let i = index(&k)?;
-                        *items.borrow_mut().get_mut(i).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))? = v;
-                    }
+                let written = match c {
+                    Obj::Array { items, .. } => items.write(index(&k)?, std::slice::from_ref(&v)),
                     Obj::Str(s) => {
-                        let i = index(&k)?;
                         let b = v.as_num().ok_or(PsError::Ps("typecheck", String::new()))?;
-                        *s.borrow_mut().get_mut(i).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))? = b as i64 as u8;
+                        s.write(index(&k)?, &[b as i64 as u8])
                     }
                     Obj::Dict(d) => {
                         let key = k.key().ok_or(PsError::Ps("typecheck", String::new()))?;
                         insert(&d, key, v)?;
+                        true
                     }
                     _ => return ps_err("typecheck", ""),
+                };
+                if !written {
+                    return ps_err("rangecheck", "");
                 }
             }
             GetInterval => {
@@ -744,41 +802,35 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
             PutInterval => {
                 let src = self.pop()?;
                 let at = self.pop_count()?;
-                match (self.pop()?, src) {
-                    (Obj::Array { items, .. }, Obj::Array { items: from, .. }) => {
-                        let from = from.borrow().clone();
-                        let mut v = items.borrow_mut();
-                        let d = v.get_mut(at..at + from.len()).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?;
-                        d.clone_from_slice(&from);
-                    }
-                    (Obj::Str(s), Obj::Str(from)) => {
-                        let from = from.borrow().clone();
-                        let mut v = s.borrow_mut();
-                        let d = v.get_mut(at..at + from.len()).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?;
-                        d.copy_from_slice(&from);
-                    }
+                let written = match (self.pop()?, src) {
+                    (Obj::Array { items, .. }, Obj::Array { items: from, .. }) => items.write(at, &from.to_vec()),
+                    (Obj::Str(s), Obj::Str(from)) => s.write(at, &from.to_vec()),
                     _ => return ps_err("typecheck", ""),
+                };
+                if !written {
+                    return ps_err("rangecheck", "");
                 }
             }
             Aload => {
                 let items = self.pop_array()?;
-                let all = items.borrow().clone();
-                for o in all {
+                for o in items.to_vec() {
                     self.push(o)?;
                 }
                 self.push(Obj::Array { items, exec: false })?;
             }
             Astore => {
                 let items = self.pop_array()?;
-                let n = items.borrow().len();
-                let at = self.stack.len().checked_sub(n).ok_or(PsError::Ps("stackunderflow", String::new()))?;
-                *items.borrow_mut() = self.stack.split_off(at);
+                let at = self.stack.len().checked_sub(items.len()).ok_or(PsError::Ps("stackunderflow", String::new()))?;
+                if !items.write(0, self.stack.get(at..).unwrap_or_default()) {
+                    return ps_err("rangecheck", "");
+                }
+                self.stack.truncate(at);
                 self.push(Obj::Array { items, exec: false })?;
             }
             Search | AnchorSearch => {
-                let seek = self.pop_str()?.borrow().clone();
+                let seek = self.pop_str()?.to_vec();
                 let s = self.pop_str()?;
-                let text = s.borrow().clone();
+                let text = s.to_vec();
                 let at = if op == Search { super::lex::find(&text, &seek) } else { text.starts_with(&seek).then_some(0) };
                 match at {
                     Some(i) => {
@@ -861,11 +913,23 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
                 self.push(Obj::Dict(d))?;
             }
             CountDictStack => self.push(Obj::Int(self.dicts.len() as i64))?,
+            DictStack => {
+                // The dictionary stack, bottom first, stored into the array's start.
+                let items = self.pop_array()?;
+                let dicts: Vec<Obj> = self.dicts.iter().map(|d| Obj::Dict(d.clone())).collect();
+                let part = items.sub(0, dicts.len()).filter(|p| p.write(0, &dicts)).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?;
+                self.push(Obj::Array { items: part, exec: false })?;
+            }
             SystemDict => self.push(Obj::Dict(self.system.clone()))?,
             UserDict => self.push(Obj::Dict(self.user.clone()))?,
             GlobalDict => self.push(Obj::Dict(self.global.clone()))?,
             StatusDict => self.push(Obj::Dict(self.status.clone()))?,
             ErrorDict | DollarError => self.push(Obj::Dict(self.error.clone()))?,
+            InternalDict => {
+                // The operand is a password that every interpreter accepts.
+                self.pop_int()?;
+                self.push(Obj::Dict(self.internal.clone()))?;
+            }
             Bind => {
                 let o = self.pop()?;
                 if let Obj::Array { items, .. } = &o {
@@ -888,7 +952,6 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
                     self.push(Obj::Int(v))?;
                 }
             }
-            LanguageLevel => self.push(Obj::Int(3))?,
             Version => self.push(Obj::string(b"3010".to_vec()))?,
             Product => self.push(Obj::string(b"VectorCraft".to_vec()))?,
             RealTime | UserTime => self.push(Obj::Int(0))?,
@@ -922,19 +985,18 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
                 }
             }
             Obj::Array { items, exec } => {
-                let from = self.pop_array()?.borrow().clone();
-                let n = from.len();
-                {
-                    let mut v = items.borrow_mut();
-                    v.get_mut(..n).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?.clone_from_slice(&from);
+                let from = self.pop_array()?.to_vec();
+                if !items.write(0, &from) {
+                    return ps_err("rangecheck", "copy");
                 }
-                self.push_interval(Obj::Array { items, exec }, 0, n)?;
+                self.push_interval(Obj::Array { items, exec }, 0, from.len())?;
             }
             Obj::Str(s) => {
-                let from = self.pop_str()?.borrow().clone();
-                let n = from.len();
-                s.borrow_mut().get_mut(..n).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?.copy_from_slice(&from);
-                self.push_interval(Obj::Str(s), 0, n)?;
+                let from = self.pop_str()?.to_vec();
+                if !s.write(0, &from) {
+                    return ps_err("rangecheck", "copy");
+                }
+                self.push_interval(Obj::Str(s), 0, from.len())?;
             }
             Obj::Dict(d) => {
                 let from = self.pop_dict()?.borrow().clone();
@@ -946,16 +1008,12 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// `n` items of an array or string from `at` (a copy: shared storage isn't modelled).
-    fn push_interval(&mut self, o: Obj, at: usize, n: usize) -> Res {
-        let end = at.checked_add(n).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?;
-        self.alloc(n * if matches!(o, Obj::Str(_)) { 1 } else { std::mem::size_of::<Obj>() })?;
+    /// `n` items of an array or string from `at`, sharing its storage.
+    pub fn push_interval(&mut self, o: Obj, at: usize, n: usize) -> Res {
+        let range = || PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new());
         let r = match o {
-            Obj::Array { items, exec } => {
-                let v = items.borrow().get(at..end).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?.to_vec();
-                Obj::Array { items: Rc::new(RefCell::new(v)), exec }
-            }
-            Obj::Str(s) => Obj::string(s.borrow().get(at..end).ok_or(PsError::Ps("rangecheck", String::new()))?.to_vec()),
+            Obj::Array { items, exec } => Obj::Array { items: items.sub(at, n).ok_or_else(range)?, exec },
+            Obj::Str(s) => Obj::Str(s.sub(at, n).ok_or_else(range)?),
             _ => return ps_err("typecheck", "getinterval"),
         };
         self.push(r)
@@ -966,7 +1024,7 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
         match self.pop()? {
             Obj::Array { items, .. } => {
                 let mut i = 0;
-                while let Some(o) = items.borrow().get(i).cloned() {
+                while let Some(o) = items.get(i) {
                     i += 1;
                     self.push(o)?;
                     if !self.body(&p)? {
@@ -975,8 +1033,7 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
                 }
             }
             Obj::Str(s) => {
-                let bytes = s.borrow().clone();
-                for b in bytes {
+                for b in s.to_vec() {
                     self.push(Obj::Int(i64::from(b)))?;
                     if !self.body(&p)? {
                         break;
@@ -1000,22 +1057,19 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
 
     /// Replace the names in a procedure that stand for operators by the operators, down through
     /// nested procedures.
-    fn bind(&mut self, items: &Rc<RefCell<Vec<Obj>>>, depth: u32) {
+    fn bind(&mut self, items: &Shared<Obj>, depth: u32) {
         if depth > 64 {
             return;
         }
-        let n = items.borrow().len();
-        for i in 0..n {
-            let o = items.borrow().get(i).cloned();
-            match o {
+        for i in 0..items.len() {
+            match items.get(i) {
                 Some(Obj::Exec(name)) => {
-                    if let Some(Obj::Op(op)) = self.lookup(&name)
-                        && let Some(slot) = items.borrow_mut().get_mut(i)
-                    {
-                        *slot = Obj::Op(op);
+                    if let Some(o @ Obj::Op(_)) = self.lookup(&name) {
+                        // `i` is in range and nothing is reading the procedure: the write can't fail.
+                        items.write(i, &[o]);
                     }
                 }
-                Some(Obj::Array { items: inner, exec: true }) if !Rc::ptr_eq(&inner, items) => self.bind(&inner, depth + 1),
+                Some(Obj::Array { items: inner, exec: true }) if !inner.shares(items) => self.bind(&inner, depth + 1),
                 _ => {}
             }
         }
@@ -1032,6 +1086,67 @@ impl<'a> Interp<'a> {
             _ => ps_err("typecheck", ""),
         })
     }
+
+    /// The instances of `category`: `FontDirectory` for fonts.
+    pub fn instances(&mut self, category: &Obj) -> Res<DictRef> {
+        if category.text().as_deref() == Some("Font") { Ok(self.fonts.clone()) } else { self.category(category) }
+    }
+
+    /// `template proc scratch category resourceforall`: `proc` run on each instance name that
+    /// matches `template`, copied into `scratch` (in name order).
+    pub fn resource_for_all(&mut self) -> Res {
+        let category = self.pop()?;
+        let scratch = self.pop_str()?;
+        let p = self.pop_proc()?;
+        let template = self.pop_str()?.to_vec();
+        let mut names: Vec<Vec<u8>> = self.instances(&category)?.borrow().keys().map(|k| show_text(&k.obj()).into_bytes()).collect();
+        names.sort();
+        for name in names {
+            if !self.matches(&template, &name)? {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if !scratch.write(0, &name) {
+                return ps_err("rangecheck", "resourceforall");
+            }
+            self.push_interval(Obj::Str(scratch.clone()), 0, name.len())?;
+            if !self.body(&p)? {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Does `name` match a `resourceforall` template: `*` any run of bytes, `?` any one, `\` the
+    /// next one as it is? Each step counts as an operation.
+    fn matches(&mut self, template: &[u8], name: &[u8]) -> Res<bool> {
+        let (mut t, mut n) = (0, 0);
+        // Where the last `*` was followed (template, name): a mismatch after it retries from there.
+        let mut star: Option<(usize, usize)> = None;
+        loop {
+            self.tick()?;
+            if n == name.len() {
+                return Ok(template.get(t..).unwrap_or_default().iter().all(|b| *b == b'*'));
+            }
+            let (want, width) = match template.get(t) {
+                Some(b'*') => {
+                    t += 1;
+                    star = Some((t, n));
+                    continue;
+                }
+                Some(b'?') => (name.get(n).copied(), 1),
+                Some(b'\\') => (template.get(t + 1).copied(), 2),
+                c => (c.copied(), 1),
+            };
+            if want.is_some() && want == name.get(n).copied() {
+                (t, n) = (t + width, n + 1);
+                continue;
+            }
+            // The last `*` takes one more byte, else there is no match.
+            let Some((st, sn)) = star else { return Ok(false) };
+            star = Some((st, sn + 1));
+            (t, n) = (st, sn + 1);
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 /// Put `v` under `k` in `d`, within [`MAX_ALLOC`] entries.
@@ -1057,7 +1172,7 @@ fn equal(a: &Obj, b: &Obj) -> bool {
     match (a, b) {
         (Obj::Null, Obj::Null) | (Obj::Mark, Obj::Mark) => true,
         (Obj::Bool(x), Obj::Bool(y)) => x == y,
-        (Obj::Array { items: x, .. }, Obj::Array { items: y, .. }) => Rc::ptr_eq(x, y),
+        (Obj::Array { items: x, .. }, Obj::Array { items: y, .. }) => x.same(y),
         (Obj::Dict(x), Obj::Dict(y)) => Rc::ptr_eq(x, y),
         (Obj::Op(x), Obj::Op(y)) => x == y,
         _ => match (a.as_num(), b.as_num()) {

crates/eps/src/import/mod.rs

@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ pub fn import(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<Imported, String> {
     let page = Affine::new([1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, -llx, ury]);
     let mut it = Interp::new(ps, GState::default(), Out::new(doc, page, frame));
     let result = it.run();
+    it.release();
     let mut out = it.out;
     if let Some(n) = dsc.pages.filter(|n| *n > 1) {
         out.warn(&format!("only the first of the file's {n} pages was read"));
@@ -192,7 +193,10 @@ fn finish(mut out: Out) -> Imported {
 
 /// A document of `frame`'s size showing TIFF preview `tiff` stretched over it.
 fn preview(tiff: &[u8], frame: Rect) -> Option<Document> {
-    let img = image::load_from_memory_with_format(tiff, image::ImageFormat::Tiff).ok()?.to_rgba8();
+    let img = match image::load_from_memory_with_format(tiff, image::ImageFormat::Tiff) {
+        Ok(img) => img.to_rgba8(),
+        Err(_) => crate::tiff::palette_rgba(tiff)?,
+    };
     let (w, h) = img.dimensions();
     if w == 0 || h == 0 {
         return None;

crates/eps/src/import/obj.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //! The PostScript objects the interpreter works with, its operators and its errors.
 
-use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::cell::{Ref, RefCell};
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
@@ -31,16 +31,20 @@ pub(crate) enum Obj {
     Name(Rc<str>),
     /// An executable name: looked up and run.
     Exec(Rc<str>),
-    Str(Rc<RefCell<Vec<u8>>>),
+    Str(Shared<u8>),
     /// An array; executable ones are procedures.
     Array {
-        items: Rc<RefCell<Vec<Obj>>>,
+        items: Shared<Obj>,
         exec: bool,
     },
     Dict(DictRef),
     Op(Op),
     Mark,
-    File(Rc<RefCell<Stream>>),
+    /// A file; executable ones run their data as a program (`cvx exec`).
+    File {
+        stream: Rc<RefCell<Stream>>,
+        exec: bool,
+    },
     /// A `save` level (the graphics state depth it restores to).
     Save(usize),
     /// A graphics state object (`gstate`, `currentgstate`).
@@ -53,15 +57,15 @@ impl Obj {
     }
 
     pub fn string(bytes: Vec<u8>) -> Self {
-        Self::Str(Rc::new(RefCell::new(bytes)))
+        Self::Str(Shared::new(bytes))
     }
 
     pub fn array(items: Vec<Obj>) -> Self {
-        Self::Array { items: Rc::new(RefCell::new(items)), exec: false }
+        Self::Array { items: Shared::new(items), exec: false }
     }
 
     pub fn proc(items: Vec<Obj>) -> Self {
-        Self::Array { items: Rc::new(RefCell::new(items)), exec: true }
+        Self::Array { items: Shared::new(items), exec: true }
     }
 
     pub fn dict(d: Dict) -> Self {
@@ -98,7 +102,7 @@ impl Obj {
     }
 
     /// The items of an array or procedure.
-    pub fn items(&self) -> Option<&Rc<RefCell<Vec<Obj>>>> {
+    pub fn items(&self) -> Option<&Shared<Obj>> {
         match self {
             Self::Array { items, .. } => Some(items),
             _ => None,
@@ -118,13 +122,78 @@ impl Obj {
             Self::Dict(_) => "dicttype",
             Self::Op(_) => "operatortype",
             Self::Mark => "marktype",
-            Self::File(_) => "filetype",
+            Self::File { .. } => "filetype",
             Self::Save(_) => "savetype",
             Self::GState(_) => "gstatetype",
         }
     }
 }
 
+/// The values of a string or an array: a run of storage that other strings or arrays may share
+/// (`getinterval` makes a new object over part of the same values, as PostScript does).
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub(crate) struct Shared<T> {
+    buf: Rc<RefCell<Vec<T>>>,
+    at: usize,
+    len: usize,
+}
+
+impl<T: Clone> Shared<T> {
+    pub fn new(v: Vec<T>) -> Self {
+        Self { len: v.len(), buf: Rc::new(RefCell::new(v)), at: 0 }
+    }
+
+    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        self.len
+    }
+
+    /// The values. Only [`Self::write`] borrows the storage mutably, for the copy alone, so this
+    /// never meets it.
+    pub fn borrow(&self) -> Ref<'_, [T]> {
+        let (at, end) = (self.at, self.at.saturating_add(self.len));
+        Ref::map(self.buf.borrow(), |v| v.get(at..end).unwrap_or(&[]))
+    }
+
+    pub fn get(&self, i: usize) -> Option<T> {
+        self.borrow().get(i).cloned()
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<T> {
+        self.borrow().to_vec()
+    }
+
+    /// `n` values from `at`, sharing the storage (`getinterval`); `None` past the end.
+    pub fn sub(&self, at: usize, n: usize) -> Option<Self> {
+        (at.checked_add(n)? <= self.len).then(|| Self { buf: self.buf.clone(), at: self.at + at, len: n })
+    }
+
+    /// Write `vals` from `at`: false when they don't fit (or `vals` is borrowed from the storage).
+    pub fn write(&self, at: usize, vals: &[T]) -> bool {
+        if at.saturating_add(vals.len()) > self.len {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let start = self.at + at;
+        let Ok(mut v) = self.buf.try_borrow_mut() else { return false };
+        match v.get_mut(start..start + vals.len()) {
+            Some(d) => {
+                d.clone_from_slice(vals);
+                true
+            }
+            None => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The same object (`eq` on arrays): the same values of the same storage.
+    pub fn same(&self, o: &Self) -> bool {
+        Rc::ptr_eq(&self.buf, &o.buf) && self.at == o.at && self.len == o.len
+    }
+
+    /// Do both see the same storage?
+    pub fn shares(&self, o: &Self) -> bool {
+        Rc::ptr_eq(&self.buf, &o.buf)
+    }
+}
+
 impl Key {
     pub fn name(s: &str) -> Self {
         Self::Name(Rc::from(s))
@@ -205,11 +274,11 @@ ops! {
     // Dictionaries.
     NewDict = "dict", MaxLength = "maxlength", Begin = "begin", End = "end", Def = "def", Load = "load", Store = "store",
     Known = "known", Where = "where", Undef = "undef", CurrentDict = "currentdict", CountDictStack = "countdictstack",
-    SystemDict = "systemdict", UserDict = "userdict", GlobalDict = "globaldict", StatusDict = "statusdict",
-    ErrorDict = "errordict", DollarError = "$error", Bind = "bind",
+    DictStack = "dictstack", SystemDict = "systemdict", UserDict = "userdict", GlobalDict = "globaldict", StatusDict = "statusdict",
+    ErrorDict = "errordict", DollarError = "$error", InternalDict = "internaldict", Bind = "bind",
     // Virtual memory and the environment.
     Save = "save", Restore = "restore", SetGlobal = "setglobal", CurrentGlobal = "currentglobal", VmStatus = "vmstatus",
-    LanguageLevel = "languagelevel", Version = "version", Product = "product", RealTime = "realtime", UserTime = "usertime",
+    Version = "version", Product = "product", RealTime = "realtime", UserTime = "usertime",
     Print = "print", EqPrint = "=", EqEqPrint = "==", Pstack = "pstack", Stack = "stack", Flush = "flush",
     // Graphics state.
     Gsave = "gsave", Grestore = "grestore", GrestoreAll = "grestoreall", InitGraphics = "initgraphics",
@@ -227,6 +296,7 @@ ops! {
     SetUnderColorRemoval = "setundercolorremoval", SetColorRendering = "setcolorrendering", SetSmoothness = "setsmoothness",
     SetStrokeAdjust = "setstrokeadjust", CurrentStrokeAdjust = "currentstrokeadjust", SetPageDevice = "setpagedevice",
     CurrentPageDevice = "currentpagedevice", SetUserParams = "setuserparams", SetSystemParams = "setsystemparams",
+    CurrentUserParams = "currentuserparams", CurrentSystemParams = "currentsystemparams",
     SetObjectFormat = "setobjectformat", ShowPage = "showpage", CopyPage = "copypage", ErasePage = "erasepage",
     CurrentScreen = "currentscreen", SetColorScreen = "setcolorscreen", CurrentHalftone = "currenthalftone",
     CurrentTransfer = "currenttransfer", CurrentColorTransfer = "currentcolortransfer",
@@ -242,8 +312,8 @@ ops! {
     RLineTo = "rlineto", CurveTo = "curveto", RCurveTo = "rcurveto", Arc = "arc", Arcn = "arcn", Arct = "arct",
     Arcto = "arcto", ClosePath = "closepath", FlattenPath = "flattenpath", ReversePath = "reversepath",
     PathBBox = "pathbbox", ClipPath = "clippath", InitClip = "initclip", Clip = "clip", EoClip = "eoclip",
-    RectClip = "rectclip", Fill = "fill", EoFill = "eofill", Stroke = "stroke", RectFill = "rectfill",
-    RectStroke = "rectstroke", ShFill = "shfill",
+    RectClip = "rectclip", ClipSave = "clipsave", ClipRestore = "cliprestore", Fill = "fill", EoFill = "eofill",
+    Stroke = "stroke", RectFill = "rectfill", RectStroke = "rectstroke", ShFill = "shfill",
     // Images.
     Image = "image", ImageMask = "imagemask", ColorImage = "colorimage",
     // Files.
@@ -252,8 +322,9 @@ ops! {
     // Fonts and type.
     FindFont = "findfont", ScaleFont = "scalefont", MakeFont = "makefont", SetFont = "setfont", SelectFont = "selectfont",
     CurrentFont = "currentfont", DefineFont = "definefont", UndefineFont = "undefinefont", FindResource = "findresource",
-    DefineResource = "defineresource", ResourceStatus = "resourcestatus", Show = "show", AShow = "ashow",
+    DefineResource = "defineresource", UndefineResource = "undefineresource", ResourceStatus = "resourcestatus",
+    ResourceForAll = "resourceforall", Show = "show", AShow = "ashow",
     WidthShow = "widthshow", AWidthShow = "awidthshow", XShow = "xshow", YShow = "yshow", XYShow = "xyshow",
-    KShow = "kshow", GlyphShow = "glyphshow", StringWidth = "stringwidth", CharPath = "charpath",
+    KShow = "kshow", CShow = "cshow", GlyphShow = "glyphshow", StringWidth = "stringwidth", CharPath = "charpath",
     SetCacheDevice = "setcachedevice", SetCharWidth = "setcharwidth",
 }

crates/eps/src/import/tests.rs

@@ -452,3 +452,302 @@ fn device_settings_are_accepted_and_change_nothing() {
     assert_eq!(objects(&r.document).len(), 1, "{:?}", r.warnings);
     assert!(r.warnings.is_empty(), "{:?}", r.warnings);
 }
+
+/// Check that `body` draws one square, blue: it sets blue when what it checks holds, else red.
+fn blue(body: &str) {
+    let r = read(&format!("{body} 10 10 80 80 rectfill"));
+    let o = objects(&r.document);
+    assert_eq!(o.len(), 1, "{body}: {:?}", r.warnings);
+    assert_eq!(fill(&o[0]), Some(&Paint::solid(Color::rgb(0.0, 0.0, 1.0))), "{body}");
+    assert!(r.warnings.is_empty(), "{body}: {:?}", r.warnings);
+}
+
+/// Check that PostScript `cond` leaves `true`.
+fn check(cond: &str) {
+    blue(&format!("{cond} {{ 0 0 1 setrgbcolor }} {{ 1 0 0 setrgbcolor }} ifelse"));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn the_generic_category_defines_new_categories() {
+    // #234: the reference app's prolog.
+    blue("/Generic /Category findresource pop 0 0 1 setrgbcolor");
+    blue(
+        "[/CSA /Gradient /Procedure] { /Generic /Category findresource dup length dict copy /Category defineresource pop } forall 0 0 1 setrgbcolor",
+    );
+    let define = "[/CSA /Gradient] { /Generic /Category findresource dup length dict copy /Category defineresource pop } forall \
+                  /G1 << /Kind 7 >> /Gradient defineresource pop";
+    check(&format!("{define} /G1 /Gradient findresource /Kind get 7 eq"));
+    check(&format!("{define} /Gradient /Category resourcestatus {{ pop pop true }} {{ false }} ifelse"));
+    check(&format!("{define} /G1 /Gradient resourcestatus {{ pop pop true }} {{ false }} ifelse"));
+    check(&format!("{define} /G1 /Gradient undefineresource /G1 /Gradient resourcestatus not"));
+    check(&format!("{define} {{ /G2 /Gradient findresource }} stopped"));
+    // Unknown categories aren't instances of Category; a category is a dictionary.
+    check("/Nonsense /Category resourcestatus not");
+    check("{ /Nonsense /Category findresource } stopped");
+    check("{ /X 5 /Category defineresource } stopped");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn clipsave_and_cliprestore_bring_the_clip_back() {
+    // #234.
+    blue("clipsave 0 0 50 50 rectclip cliprestore 0 0 1 setrgbcolor");
+    // The fill after cliprestore covers the whole square, unclipped.
+    let r = read("clipsave 0 0 50 50 rectclip 1 0 0 setrgbcolor 0 0 10 10 rectfill cliprestore 0 0 1 setrgbcolor 10 10 80 80 rectfill");
+    let o = objects(&r.document);
+    assert_eq!(o.len(), 2, "{:?}", r.warnings);
+    assert!(matches!(o[0].kind, NodeKind::Group { clip: true, .. }), "{:?}", o[0].kind);
+    assert!(matches!(o[1].kind, NodeKind::Path { clipping: false, .. }), "{:?}", o[1].kind);
+    assert!(near(bounds(&o[1]), Rect::new(10.0, 10.0, 90.0, 90.0)), "{:?}", bounds(&o[1]));
+    // Nested, leaving the rest of the graphics state alone.
+    let r = read(
+        "0 0 60 60 rectclip clipsave 0 0 20 20 rectclip clipsave 0 0 5 5 rectclip cliprestore 0 1 0 setrgbcolor cliprestore \
+         10 10 80 80 rectfill",
+    );
+    let NodeKind::Group { children, clip: true } = &objects(&r.document)[0].kind else { panic!("{:?}", r.warnings) };
+    assert!(near(bounds(&children[0]), Rect::new(0.0, 40.0, 60.0, 100.0)), "{:?}", bounds(&children[0]));
+    assert_eq!(fill(&children[1]), Some(&Paint::solid(Color::rgb(0.0, 1.0, 0.0))));
+    // grestore undoes the clipsaves after its gsave; cliprestore with nothing saved does nothing.
+    let o = objects(&read("cliprestore gsave clipsave 0 0 50 50 rectclip grestore cliprestore 10 10 80 80 rectfill").document);
+    assert!(matches!(o[0].kind, NodeKind::Path { .. }), "{:?}", o[0].kind);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn languagelevel_is_an_integer_and_runs() {
+    // #234.
+    blue(
+        "/Level2? systemdict /languagelevel known dup { pop systemdict /languagelevel get 2 ge } if def \
+         Level2? { 0 0 1 setrgbcolor } { 1 0 0 setrgbcolor } ifelse",
+    );
+    check("languagelevel 3 eq");
+    check("{ languagelevel } bind exec 3 eq");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn intervals_share_their_arrays_and_strings() {
+    // #234: astore into a subarray stores into the array.
+    blue("/a 4 array def 1 2 a 0 2 getinterval astore pop a 0 get 1 eq { 0 0 1 setrgbcolor } { 1 0 0 setrgbcolor } ifelse");
+    // put, putinterval and copy into an interval; an interval of an interval.
+    check("/a [0 0 0 0 0] def a 1 3 getinterval 1 2 getinterval 0 7 put a 2 get 7 eq");
+    check("/a [0 0 0 0] def a 2 2 getinterval 0 [8 9] putinterval a 3 get 9 eq");
+    check("/a [0 0 0 0] def [5 6] a 1 2 getinterval copy pop a 2 get 6 eq");
+    check("/s (abcd) def s 1 2 getinterval 0 (XY) putinterval s (aXYd) eq");
+    check("/s (abcd) def s 2 1 getinterval 0 90 put s (abZd) eq");
+    check("/s 8 string def 42 s 2 6 getinterval cvs pop s 2 2 getinterval (42) eq");
+    // The same interval is the same object; another one is not.
+    check("/a 4 array def a 0 2 getinterval a 0 2 getinterval eq");
+    check("/a 4 array def a 0 2 getinterval a 0 3 getinterval ne a 0 2 getinterval a 1 2 getinterval ne and");
+    // Reads and writes stay inside the interval.
+    check("/a [1 2 3 4] def { a 1 2 getinterval 2 get } stopped { a 1 2 getinterval 2 0 put } stopped and");
+    check("/a [1 2 3 4] def a 1 2 getinterval length 2 eq a 1 2 getinterval aload pop 3 eq exch 2 eq and and");
+    check("/n 0 def [1 2 3 4] 1 2 getinterval { n add /n exch def } forall n 5 eq");
+    // A procedure from an interval runs only its part.
+    check("{ 1 2 3 } 1 2 getinterval cvx exec add 5 eq");
+    // The prolog's stack save: the operands into part of one array, and back.
+    check(
+        "/stk 10 array def /lev 3 array def 1 2 3 count dup lev exch 0 exch put stk exch 0 exch getinterval astore pop \
+         clear stk 0 lev 0 get getinterval aload pop add add 6 eq",
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn resourceforall_enumerates_matching_names() {
+    // #234.
+    blue("(*) { pop } 128 string /Category resourceforall 0 0 1 setrgbcolor");
+    let count = |template: &str| format!("/n 0 def ({template}) {{ pop /n n 1 add def }} 128 string /ProcSet resourceforall n");
+    let define = "[/Foo /Fop /Bar /F*x] { 1 dict /ProcSet defineresource pop } forall";
+    check(&format!("{define} {} 4 eq", count("*")));
+    check(&format!("{define} {} 2 eq", count("Fo?")));
+    check(&format!("{define} {} 3 eq", count("F*")));
+    check(&format!("{define} {} 1 eq", count("F\\\\*x")));
+    check(&format!("{define} {} 0 eq", count("Q*")));
+    check(&format!("{define} {} 1 eq", count("*a*")));
+    // Each name is copied into the scratch string; exit stops.
+    check(&format!("{define} /last () def (B*) {{ dup length string copy /last exch def }} 8 string /ProcSet resourceforall last (Bar) eq"));
+    check(&format!("{define} /n 0 def (*) {{ pop /n n 1 add def exit }} 8 string /ProcSet resourceforall n 1 eq"));
+    // A scratch string too small for the names, as the prolog probes it.
+    check(&format!("{define} {{ (*) {{ pop }} 2 string /ProcSet resourceforall }} stopped"));
+    check("/n 0 def (Gen*) { pop /n n 1 add def } 16 string /Category resourceforall n 1 eq");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn the_standard_dictionaries_are_dictionaries_in_systemdict() {
+    // The reference app's EPS prolog looks them up by name rather than running them.
+    check("systemdict /userdict get type /dicttype eq");
+    check("/globaldict where { /globaldict get begin currentdict globaldict eq end } { false } ifelse");
+    check("systemdict /systemdict get systemdict eq systemdict /statusdict known and");
+    check("userdict /x 5 put systemdict /userdict get /x get 5 eq");
+    check("/errordict load /handleerror known errordict $error eq and");
+    check("SharedFontDirectory type /dicttype eq");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn dictstack_and_internaldict_answer() {
+    check("10 array dictstack length countdictstack eq");
+    check("userdict begin 10 array dictstack dup length 1 sub get userdict eq end");
+    check("{ 1 array dictstack } stopped");
+    check("1183615869 internaldict /k 1 put 1183615869 internaldict /k get 1 eq");
+    check("currentsystemparams /MaxPatternCache get type /integertype eq");
+    check("<< /MaxPatternItem currentsystemparams /MaxPatternCache get >> setuserparams currentuserparams /MaxFontItem known");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn an_executable_filter_runs_its_data_as_a_program() {
+    // A string run as a program through a filter (0 and an empty string set no end of data).
+    check("(1 2 add) 0 () /SubFileDecode filter cvx exec 3 eq");
+    check("(1 2 add) 0 () /SubFileDecode filter dup xcheck not exch cvx xcheck and");
+    check("(abcd) 2 () /SubFileDecode filter 8 string readstring pop (ab) eq");
+    check("{ (1 add) 0 () /SubFileDecode filter cvx exec } stopped");
+    // The data following it in the file: `74727565` is `true`.
+    check("currentfile /ASCIIHexDecode filter cvx exec 74727565>");
+    // A literal file is only pushed.
+    check("(1 2 add) 0 () /SubFileDecode filter exec type /filetype eq");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn flushfile_skips_the_data_of_a_filter() {
+    // Metadata that isn't PostScript, skipped up to its end marker.
+    blue("currentfile 0 (%%EndPacket) /SubFileDecode filter flushfile\n<?xml version=\"1.0\"?><x a=\"(\"/>\n%%EndPacket\n0 0 1 setrgbcolor");
+}
+
+/// Executable files are untrusted programs too: running one inside itself stops at the nesting
+/// limit, and the program's own file runs once. Type laid out in a loop (`cshow` on a long
+/// string, `stringwidth` in `loop`) counts against the operation budget like the loop itself.
+#[test]
+fn hostile_executable_files_and_type_loops_are_refused() {
+    let refused = |body: &str, why: &str| {
+        let e = import(&eps(body)).err().unwrap_or_default();
+        assert!(e.contains(why), "{body}: {e}");
+    };
+    refused("/p { (p) 0 () /SubFileDecode filter cvx exec } def p", "too deeply");
+    refused("/p { (p) 0 () /SubFileDecode filter cvx exec } def { p } stopped pop p", "too deeply");
+    refused("/a { (b) 0 () /SubFileDecode filter cvx exec } def /b { (a) 0 () /SubFileDecode filter cvx exec } def a", "too deeply");
+    refused("/Helvetica findfont 10 scalefont setfont { pop pop pop } 1000000 string cshow", "too long");
+    // The program's own file, made executable, is already running.
+    blue("currentfile cvx exec currentfile flushfile 0 0 1 setrgbcolor");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn cshow_runs_its_procedure_for_each_character() {
+    check("/n 0 def { pop pop pop /n n 1 add def } (abc) cshow n 3 eq");
+    // Each call gets the character's code and width.
+    check("/c 0 def { pop pop /c exch def } (A) cshow c 65 eq");
+    check(
+        "/Helvetica findfont 10 scalefont setfont /w 0 def { pop w add /w exch def pop } (ab) cshow \
+         (ab) stringwidth pop w sub abs 0.001 lt",
+    );
+}
+
+/// A `w` × `h` 8-bit palette TIFF with an alpha sample (`ExtraSamples` [1]), uncompressed in
+/// strips of `per` rows, in either byte order, as the reference app writes its EPS previews:
+/// pixel (x, y) is entry `(x + y) % 3` of a red, green, blue map, at alpha `12 x`.
+fn palette_tiff(w: u16, h: u16, per: u16, big: bool) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let u16b = |v: u16| if big { v.to_be_bytes() } else { v.to_le_bytes() };
+    let u32b = |v: u32| if big { v.to_be_bytes() } else { v.to_le_bytes() };
+    // Shorts in an entry, left-justified.
+    let shorts = |v: &[u16]| -> [u8; 4] {
+        let mut f = [0; 4];
+        for (i, s) in v.iter().enumerate() {
+            f[2 * i..2 * i + 2].copy_from_slice(&u16b(*s));
+        }
+        f
+    };
+    let row = u32::from(w) * 2;
+    let mut out = vec![];
+    out.extend(if big { *b"MM\0*" } else { *b"II*\0" });
+    out.extend([0; 4]);
+    let data_at = out.len() as u32;
+    for y in 0..h {
+        for x in 0..w {
+            out.extend([((x + y) % 3) as u8, (x * 12) as u8]);
+        }
+    }
+    let map_at = out.len() as u32;
+    for (c, full) in [0xFFFF, 0x8000, 0xFFFF].into_iter().enumerate() {
+        for i in 0..256 {
+            out.extend(u16b(if i == c { full } else { 0 }));
+        }
+    }
+    let strips: Vec<u16> = (0..h.div_ceil(per)).collect();
+    let offsets_at = out.len() as u32;
+    for k in &strips {
+        out.extend(u32b(data_at + u32::from(k * per) * row));
+    }
+    let counts_at = out.len() as u32;
+    for k in &strips {
+        out.extend(u32b(u32::from(per.min(h - k * per)) * row));
+    }
+    let ifd = out.len() as u32;
+    out[4..8].copy_from_slice(&u32b(ifd));
+    let n = strips.len() as u32;
+    let entries: [(u16, u16, u32, [u8; 4]); 12] = [
+        (256, 3, 1, shorts(&[w])),
+        (257, 3, 1, shorts(&[h])),
+        (258, 3, 2, shorts(&[8, 8])),
+        (259, 3, 1, shorts(&[1])),
+        (262, 3, 1, shorts(&[3])),
+        (273, 4, n, u32b(if n == 1 { data_at } else { offsets_at })),
+        (277, 3, 1, shorts(&[2])),
+        (278, 3, 1, shorts(&[per])),
+        (279, 4, n, u32b(if n == 1 { u32::from(h) * row } else { counts_at })),
+        (284, 3, 1, shorts(&[1])),
+        (320, 3, 768, u32b(map_at)),
+        (338, 3, 1, shorts(&[1])),
+    ];
+    out.extend(u16b(entries.len() as u16));
+    for (tag, kind, count, field) in entries {
+        out.extend(u16b(tag));
+        out.extend(u16b(kind));
+        out.extend(u32b(count));
+        out.extend(field);
+    }
+    out.extend([0; 4]);
+    out
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_palette_preview_with_alpha_is_placed() {
+    // #234: the program fails, so the preview is placed.
+    let ps = eps("0 0 1 setrgbcolor 10 10 80 80 rectfill frobnicate");
+    for (big, per) in [(false, 5), (true, 5), (false, 10), (true, 3)] {
+        let tiff = palette_tiff(20, 10, per, big);
+        let r = import(&crate::dos_eps(&ps, &tiff).unwrap()).unwrap();
+        assert!(r.preview, "{big} {per}");
+        assert!(r.warnings[0].contains("preview"), "{:?}", r.warnings);
+        let o = objects(&r.document);
+        let NodeKind::Image(im) = &o[0].kind else { panic!("{:?}", o[0].kind) };
+        assert_eq!((im.width, im.height), (20, 10));
+        assert!(near(bounds(&o[0]), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)));
+        let png = image::load_from_memory(&r.document.images[&im.key].bytes).unwrap().to_rgba8();
+        for (x, y) in [(0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0), (19, 9), (7, 4), (3, 6)] {
+            let [r, g, b] = [[255, 0, 0], [0, 128, 0], [0, 0, 255]][((x + y) % 3) as usize];
+            assert_eq!(png.get_pixel(x, y).0, [r, g, b, (x * 12) as u8], "({x}, {y}) {big} {per}");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_damaged_palette_preview_is_refused_without_panicking() {
+    let tiff = palette_tiff(20, 10, 5, false);
+    assert!(crate::tiff::palette_rgba(&tiff).is_some());
+    // Cut anywhere before the last entry's value (the directory is at the end): nothing.
+    for cut in 0..tiff.len() - 6 {
+        assert!(crate::tiff::palette_rgba(&tiff[..cut]).is_none(), "{cut}");
+    }
+    // Any byte changed: a picture or nothing.
+    for big in [false, true] {
+        let tiff = palette_tiff(20, 10, 5, big);
+        for at in 0..tiff.len() {
+            for v in [0, 1, 2, 0x7f, 0x80, 0xff] {
+                let mut t = tiff.clone();
+                t[at] = v;
+                let _ = crate::tiff::palette_rgba(&t);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // A damaged preview of an unreadable program: the hard error.
+    let ps = eps("frobnicate");
+    for t in [&tiff[..tiff.len() / 2], b"II*\0garbage", &[0; 64]] {
+        let e = import(&crate::dos_eps(&ps, t).unwrap()).unwrap_err();
+        assert!(e.contains("can't be read"), "{e}");
+    }
+}