Fix #423: Movable dialogs and Offset Path's Joins dropdown

The modal dialogs were anchored to the window's centre, so none of them
could be moved. They now share one modal frame (dialogs/modal.rs): the
band from the window's top edge down to its heading moves it, as a title
bar would, with a grab cursor; it stays on screen and keeps where it was
moved (per dialog, for the session). The shared dialog frame, New
Document (and More Settings), Preferences, Keyboard Shortcuts,
Workspaces and Find Font all use it; About moves by its title bar.

The form dialogs drew every string field as a text box, so Offset
Path's Joins had to be typed. Their choice fields are now dropdowns
(Joins: Miter, Round, Bevel; Average's axis; Shear's and Reflect's
axis), the fields follow the dialog's order (Offset, Joins, Miter Limit;
Rows, Columns, Gutter) instead of alphabetical, and Offset Path has a
Preview that Cancel rolls back.

The axis labels are translated in a new "axis" catalog context: the
plain Horizontal and Vertical rows mean writing direction in Japanese.
ja, es, zh-hans and zh-hant get the axis rows (Horizontal, Vertical,
Both) and Joins, Miter, Bevel, Offset and Axis.

Headless tests drag the heading of four dialog windows (moves, a drag
below the heading doesn't, kept on screen, reopens where it was left),
open the Joins dropdown and choose Round (same result as the command
with round joins), and check the axis dropdowns and the preview.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

ROADMAP.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ VectorCraft is a clean-room, open-source, pure-Rust reimplementation of the Adob
 
 This file tracks **how far we are and what's left**. Time estimates are wall-clock hours of continuous Claude Opus 5.5 agent work (including builds and the CI gate), given both for **one agent** and for **4–6 parallel agents** on disjoint crates. They are counted from the remaining work (see [Parity estimate](#parity-estimate)), calibrated against measured throughput, and updated as work lands.
 
-_Last updated: 2026-10-08 (after M4.14–M4.98, M8.1–M8.20, M14.4–M14.7, the MCP prompts, resource templates, completions and logging, the 2026-10-07 issue fixes, the Layers panel rework and the 2026-10-08 community contributions: Pen and shape-tool modifiers, path editing, Layers, Artboards, Swatches/Brushes and dialogs, Japanese composition and PDF text, Hebrew/Arabic type, interface languages (Spanish among them), the font menu, saved selections, MCP and EPS, the missing-font export warning (#319), open paths in the Shape Builder (#374), PDF/`.ai` import keeping strokes live and hidden and nested layers (#372), per-corner Live Corners (#381), SVG type opening at the size it draws at (#396), the Wayland clipboard with copied-file paste (#398), ruler guides that can be selected, moved and deleted (#414), two batches of Preferences options that were stored but unused (#394) and skeleton reads with `document.find` for large documents over MCP (#416); see [Honest assessment](#honest-assessment-2026-10-05))._
+_Last updated: 2026-10-08 (after M4.14–M4.98, M8.1–M8.20, M14.4–M14.7, the MCP prompts, resource templates, completions and logging, the 2026-10-07 issue fixes, the Layers panel rework and the 2026-10-08 community contributions: Pen and shape-tool modifiers, path editing, Layers, Artboards, Swatches/Brushes and dialogs, Japanese composition and PDF text, Hebrew/Arabic type, interface languages (Spanish among them), the font menu, saved selections, MCP and EPS, the missing-font export warning (#319), open paths in the Shape Builder (#374), PDF/`.ai` import keeping strokes live and hidden and nested layers (#372), per-corner Live Corners (#381), SVG type opening at the size it draws at (#396), the Wayland clipboard with copied-file paste (#398), ruler guides that can be selected, moved and deleted (#414), two batches of Preferences options that were stored but unused (#394), skeleton reads with `document.find` for large documents over MCP (#416) and anchors dragged with Direct Selection snapping to points, segments and smart guides, clipped SVG layers opening as clipping layers (#420), PDF/`.ai` layers read on pages of tens of millions of operators (#419), Document Color Mode putting RGB greys on the black plate on request and converting pattern tiles (#421) and movable dialogs with Offset Path's Joins dropdown (#423); see [Honest assessment](#honest-assessment-2026-10-05))._
 
 ## Where we are
 
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
   - Save / Don't Save / Cancel before closing or quitting with unsaved documents (tabs, Close, Close All, Quit, window close).
   - Four brightness themes, persistent preferences.
   - Preferences that act (#394, in part): Show Tool Tips, Double Click To Isolate, Zoom with Mouse Wheel (the wheel zooms about the pointer, Shift-wheel scrolls up and down, Cmd/Ctrl-wheel sideways), Use Precise Cursors; Selection & Anchor Display › Tolerance (objects, anchors and handles), Object Selection by Path Only, Command Click to Select Objects Behind (cycling down the stack), Zoom to Selection, anchor Size, Highlight anchors on mouse over; Type › Number of Recent Fonts (up to 15); Guides & Grid › guide and grid Color and Style (lines or dots) and Grids In Back. Then Snap to Point (its distance, for moves, drawn points and reference points), Move Locked and Hidden Artwork with Artboard, Enable Rubber Band for the Pen and Curvature tools, Handles style, Show handles when multiple anchors are selected, Hide Corner Widget for angles greater than; General › Transform Pattern Tiles (the transforms' and dialogs' Transform Patterns) and Select Same Tint %; Type › Size/Leading, Tracking and Baseline Shift increments (`type.step`, Cmd+Shift+. and Cmd+Shift+, for the size, the Type tool's Alt+arrows), Enable Missing Glyph Protection and Fill New Type Objects With Placeholder Text. They reach agents too (`prefs.set`, then `pointer_gesture` or `press_key`; `ui.wheel` on the control channel). About 45 stored options still do nothing yet (the rest of #394: Auto Size New Area Type, Show Font Names in English, Highlight Alternate Glyphs, the smart guide display options, performance, devices…).
+  - Dialogs move by dragging their heading (the band down from the top edge, as a title bar), stay on screen and keep where they were moved for the session; the form dialogs' choices are dropdowns (Offset Path's Joins, Average's and Shear's and Reflect's axis), and Offset Path lists Offset, Joins, Miter Limit and previews (#423).
   - Dialogs open with their first field focused and its value selected: type a value and press Enter (Move, Rotate, Scale…). Number fields in panels and dialogs step with Up/Down (Shift: ten, Ctrl/Cmd: a tenth of their unit), applied at once.
   - Tab shows and hides the panels (in the Type tool it types a tab) without moving the keyboard focus onto a field, so the next shortcut or letter still works; in dialogs and panel fields it moves between fields.
   - Cmd/Ctrl+A follows the keyboard: in a panel, dialog or search field it selects the field's text, while the Type tool edits it selects all of that text (also `select.all` over MCP), and only otherwise every object. On macOS the menu bar's Select All, Cut, Copy and Paste (keys or clicks) act on a focused field too. Not yet: Select All across threaded frames (one frame's text is selected).
@@ -124,18 +125,18 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
   - **Panel drag and drop:** art dragged off the canvas onto the Symbols panel becomes a symbol, onto the Swatches panel a pattern swatch and onto the Brushes panel an Art brush; a symbol dragged onto the canvas places an instance where it is dropped, and a brush dragged onto a path is applied to it.
   - **Tool double-clicks:** double-clicking a tool's button opens its options: Hand fits the artboard in the window, Zoom shows 100 %, Rotate, Scale, Reflect and Shear open their Object › Transform dialogs, the Selection, Direct Selection and Group Selection tools the Move dialog (Enter opens these seven tools' dialogs too), Gradient, Eyedropper, Blend and the Liquify tools their panels or options, and the Pencil, Paintbrush, Smooth, Blob Brush and Eraser tools their Tool Options (Fidelity, fill, the tolerances, the brush size).
 - **Layers panel:** every layer, sublayer, group and object is a clickable row at any depth: a click highlights it and makes its layer current (new art goes there), Shift-click a range, Ctrl/Cmd-click toggles. Sublayers are no longer treated as objects: clicks, marquees, Select All and the Select menu take the art inside them, and each sublayer selects in its own colour. Selection squares on rows with selected art (click selects a row's art, Shift adds or removes; dragging the square moves the selection to another row, Alt copies), the eye and lock on every row with drag-down-the-column (one undo step), Ctrl/Cmd-click an eye for per-layer Outline, Alt-click an eye or lock to hide or lock the other layers (again: show or unlock them all), triangles with Alt to open or close everything inside, drag and drop rows above, below or into layers and groups with a drop line (Alt copies, the trash deletes), inline rename, Delete key on highlighted rows. Buttons and the full panel menu: New Layer/Sublayer (Alt: options, Ctrl: on top), Duplicate, Delete, Options for Selection, clipping mask, isolation, Locate Object, Merge Selected, Flatten Artwork, Collect in New Layer, Release to Layers (Sequence and Build), Reverse Order, Template, Hide/Outline/Lock Others and Show/Preview/Unlock All, Paste Remembers Layers, Panel Options (row size, thumbnails per kind, Show Layers Only). Layer Options: name, colour (presets or custom), Template, Lock, Show, Print, Preview (outline drawing and clicking) and Dim Images to %. Every operation is a command (`layer.move`, `layer.highlight`, `layer.merge`…) with validation against cycles and invalid nesting.
-- **Drawing aids:** Smart Guides and snapping (moving, and resizing by the bounding-box handles: the dragged edges align with the other objects; the Artboard tool snaps artboards, and their bleed, to other artboards, bleeds and art, the grid or whole pixels while moving, copying and resizing them, and the Transform panel shows and edits the active artboard's X/Y/W/H), guides dragged out of the rulers (Shift snaps them to the ruler's ticks) that the Selection, Direct Selection and Group Selection tools then pick and drag (#414: the selected guides highlight and move together, Alt copies them, Shift snaps the dragged one to the ticks, otherwise it snaps to pixels, the grid or the art's edges, centres and anchors; the arrow keys nudge them, Delete deletes them, dragging one back onto its ruler deletes it, Lock Guides and Hide Guides leave them alone; `guide.list`, `guide.select`, `guide.move` and `guide.remove` reach agents), and Draw Normal / Behind / Inside modes.
+- **Drawing aids:** Smart Guides and snapping (moving, with the Selection, Group Selection or Direct Selection tool, and resizing by the bounding-box handles: the dragged edges align with the other objects; anchors dragged with Direct Selection: the one pressed on lands on other anchors, its own path's that stay put among them, on path segments or in line with them, the others following, Shift keeps 45° steps, and with Smart Guides off Snap to Point pulls it onto anchors; the Artboard tool snaps artboards, and their bleed, to other artboards, bleeds and art, the grid or whole pixels while moving, copying and resizing them, and the Transform panel shows and edits the active artboard's X/Y/W/H), guides dragged out of the rulers (Shift snaps them to the ruler's ticks) that the Selection, Direct Selection and Group Selection tools then pick and drag (#414: the selected guides highlight and move together, Alt copies them, Shift snaps the dragged one to the ticks, otherwise it snaps to pixels, the grid or the art's edges, centres and anchors; the arrow keys nudge them, Delete deletes them, dragging one back onto its ruler deletes it, Lock Guides and Hide Guides leave them alone; `guide.list`, `guide.select`, `guide.move` and `guide.remove` reach agents), and Draw Normal / Behind / Inside modes.
 - **Views:** the status bar's artboard navigator (first, previous, next, last; `view.goToArtboard`) goes to an artboard and fits it, and Fit Artboard in Window and Actual Size show the navigator's artboard. The Artboards panel highlights that active artboard: clicking a row makes it active (the Artboard tool's too, while it is chosen) as does clicking an artboard with the Artboard tool, double-clicking its number also fits it in the window and double-clicking its name renames it.
 - **Geometry and effects:**
   - Pathfinder (10 exact curve booleans), Offset, Outline Stroke, Simplify, Clean Up, Split Into Grid, Divide Objects Below. Object › Path › Remove Anchor Points (`path.removeAnchors`) removes the direct-selected anchors without opening their paths (the Delete key still deletes them with their segments): the neighbours keep their handle directions and their facing handles are refitted so one cubic follows the two old segments, and straight sides stay straight. The Delete Anchor Point tool uses the same refit. The Control bar, the contextual task bar, the Properties quick actions and the canvas context menu offer it when anchors are selected.
   - Live effects with previewing dialogs: Distort & Transform, Path, Convert to Shape, 15 Warp styles, Round Corners, Scribble, Effect → Pathfinder (all 10 operations, live on groups; several loose objects are grouped first, in one undo step), Color Adjustments (Brightness/Contrast, Curves, Levels, Hue/Saturation, Shift to Color, Temperature/Tint, on vectors, live type and embedded images), and raster drop shadow, glows and feather. SVG and PDF export keep live effects (geometry baked; SVG raster effects as filters).
 - **Type:** Text Wrap, Type on a Path effects (Rainbow/Skew/3D Ribbon/Stair Step/Gravity), Character and Paragraph Styles (override-preserving redefine), Area Type Options (rows/columns/inset/first baseline), threaded text across any closed shapes, Fit Headline. Area type resizes like Illustrator's type areas: a bounding-box handle drag (Selection tool) or Area Type Options Width/Height size the frame and the text reflows at its size (threads too); Direct Selection drags a frame corner or edge (`text.reshapeArea`). Point type still scales. Variable fonts list every named instance as a style of their family (Figtree Light to Black and their italics, Bahnschrift, Segoe UI Variable), and the instance chosen is shaped, drawn, outlined and measured at its axis settings; PDF and SVG embed it as that instance. Variation axis sliders are not done. Hebrew and Arabic are laid out right to left with the Unicode bidirectional algorithm (embedded Latin and numbers keep their direction, lines put in visual order after wrapping) in point, area and path type, with caret, selection and arrow keys in visual order; each paragraph's direction comes from its first strong character unless Paragraph Direction sets it (Paragraph panel with Show Indic Options, `text.setFormat {direction}`), and new type aligns to the start of its direction. SVG export outlines right-to-left text.
-- **Interface languages, vertical type:** VectorCraft ▸ Language (or Preferences ▸ User Interface) picks Automatic (the system locale) or a registered language, persisted as `interfaceLanguage`. Translations come from per-language catalogs (`i18n/*.tsv`): Traditional and Simplified Chinese, Japanese and Spanish (neutral international Spanish, for every `es-*` locale) cover the whole interface, Czech and Brazilian Portuguese every menu label, Brazilian Portuguese the shell's `tl!` literals too (tested); untranslated text stays English. Japanese and Chinese glyphs come from the craft-fonts build input (release builds) or the installed fonts, Czech and Spanish ones from the bundled UI fonts. The Basic toolbar's Type button holds Vertical Type in its flyout. Vertical Type, Vertical Area Type and Vertical Type on a Path create vertical text (columns right to left, upright CJK glyphs and marks with `vert` alternates, Latin and longer numbers on their side, two- and three-digit numbers set as tate-chu-yoko in one em of the column (kept whole when justified), upright glyphs centred on the column (tracked or justified too), point type's anchor on the first column's centre line); kinsoku (the strict set) applies to horizontal and vertical Japanese, and justified Japanese lines spread their room between characters (not inside Latin words); Paragraph panel › Mojikumi Set (shown with Preferences › Type › Show East Asian Options, `text.setFormat {mojikumi}`): None or Line-end Punctuation Half Width (new type's default, as in Illustrator; older documents and imported text keep None) shares one half-em space between consecutive punctuation, sets a closing mark ending a line half width, and puts a quarter em between Japanese and Latin letters or digits; Paragraph panel menu › Top-to-Top / Bottom-to-Bottom Leading measures leading from em box top to top (area type's first line touches the frame) or from baseline to baseline; Character panel menu › Character Alignment (with the East Asian options; `text.setFormat` or `text.setRangeStyle {charAlign}`) lines characters smaller than the largest on their line up on the Roman baseline or the em box top/right, centre or bottom/left (ICF top and bottom not yet); Type ▸ Type Orientation switches existing text; caret, selection, hit testing and arrow keys follow the writing direction. Vertical text exports to PDF as real text and to SVG as outlines.
+- **Interface languages, vertical type:** VectorCraft ▸ Language (or Preferences ▸ User Interface) picks Automatic (the system locale) or a registered language, persisted as `interfaceLanguage`. Translations come from per-language catalogs (`i18n/*.tsv`): Traditional and Simplified Chinese, Japanese and Spanish (neutral international Spanish, for every `es-*` locale) cover the whole interface, Czech and Brazilian Portuguese every menu label, Brazilian Portuguese the shell's `tl!` literals too (tested); untranslated text stays English. Japanese and Chinese glyphs come from the craft-fonts build input (release builds) or the installed fonts, Czech and Spanish ones from the bundled UI fonts. The Basic toolbar's Type button holds Vertical Type in its flyout. Vertical Type, Vertical Area Type and Vertical Type on a Path create vertical text (columns right to left, upright CJK glyphs and marks with `vert` alternates, Latin and longer numbers on their side, two- and three-digit numbers set as tate-chu-yoko in one em of the column (kept whole when justified), upright glyphs centred on the column (tracked or justified too), point type's anchor on the first column's centre line); kinsoku (the strict set) applies to horizontal and vertical Japanese, and justified Japanese lines spread their room between characters (not inside Latin words); Paragraph panel › Mojikumi Set (shown with Preferences › Type › Show East Asian Options, `text.setFormat {mojikumi}`): None or Line-end Punctuation Half Width (new type's default, as in Illustrator; older documents and imported text keep None) shares one half-em space between consecutive punctuation, sets a closing mark ending a line half width and an opening bracket starting a wrapped line flush with its start, and puts a quarter em between Japanese and Latin letters or digits; Paragraph panel menu › Top-to-Top / Bottom-to-Bottom Leading measures leading from em box top to top (area type's first line touches the frame) or from baseline to baseline; Character panel menu › Character Alignment (with the East Asian options; `text.setFormat` or `text.setRangeStyle {charAlign}`) lines characters smaller than the largest on their line up on the Roman baseline or the em box top/right, centre or bottom/left (ICF top and bottom not yet); Type ▸ Type Orientation switches existing text; caret, selection, hit testing and arrow keys follow the writing direction. Vertical text exports to PDF as real text and to SVG as outlines.
 - **Transparency:** opacity masks (clip/invert/disable/link), exported as SVG `<mask>` and PDF soft masks.
 - **Advanced art:** live Blends (steps/distance/smooth colour, editable spine, anchor-targeted Blend tool, faithful interpolation, knockout), Envelope Distort (warp/mesh/top object, Reset, full Envelope Options, mesh handles, Edit Contents; type, images, symbols, gradients, patterns and appearance distorted everywhere), Liquify tools with options and pen pressure, Puppet Warp with rotating pins, Perspective Grid with presets, movable planes and projected type (choosing a perspective tool shows the grid; Hide Grid hides it with the tool still chosen), Gradient Mesh, Shape Builder (stroke-only open paths and lines cut the regions they cross and enclose regions of their own; Alt deletes their pieces; filled open paths count as closed), Live Paint (every path an edge, open lines included), Image Trace (12 presets), pattern swatches with pattern editing mode, live Repeat (radial/grid/mirror).
 - **Paint and appearance (M3):**
   - **Swatches:** names follow the colour model and are unique; Swatch Options (process/spot, Global, Gray/RGB/HSB/CMYK/Web, live preview); editing a global or spot swatch recolours every linked fill, stroke and text run in one undo step; multi-select and delete with confirmation; New Swatch and New Color Group dialogs (a group from the selected artwork's colours); swatches in colour groups convert, separate and count like any other. The Swatches panel selects ranges and whole groups, has a find field, and drags swatches to reorder, regroup or paint art; Add Used Colors, Select All Unused, Merge, Ungroup and Sort by Kind; a CMYK document keeps applied colours in CMYK. Swatch libraries: nine generated colour libraries and five gradient libraries in a library panel, saved and loaded as `.vcswatches`, `.gpl` or CSS. Tints of global and spot colours ("Name 40%") stay linked and separate as a percentage of their plate. Spot colours can be defined in Lab (Spot Colors options). A built-in [Registration] swatch prints on every plate.
-  - **Colour:** a Color Picker (colour field, H/S/B/R/G/B channel slider, HSB/RGB/Lab/CMYK fields, hex, web-only snapping, out-of-gamut correction); the Color panel follows each colour's own model and Alt-click paints the other proxy; proxies look through groups and show "?" for mixed paint; Invert, Complement, Apply Last Color (`,`) and Apply Last Gradient (`.`) keep the colour model; every paint command feeds the recent colours. The Color Guide has 21 harmony rules, Steps and Variation options and Limit to Library. Adjust Color Balance (its Global mode shifts tints) and Saturate preview live; Edit Colors and Recolor also reach meshes, images and patterns. Recolor Artwork has colour reduction, five recolour methods, presets, Limit to Library, a colour-wheel Edit tab and Edit Color Group; a local Color Themes panel saves five-colour themes. Fill/Stroke chips open swatch and mixer popovers, panels have their shortcuts, and Eyedropper Options pick up and apply chosen attributes (Alt and Shift+Alt, image pixels). Fills and strokes can overprint (Attributes panel, Overprint Black options), and CMYK documents blend in inks on screen, in PDF and when flattening.
+  - **Colour:** a Color Picker (colour field, H/S/B/R/G/B channel slider, HSB/RGB/Lab/CMYK fields, hex, web-only snapping, out-of-gamut correction); the Color panel follows each colour's own model and Alt-click paints the other proxy; proxies look through groups and show "?" for mixed paint; Invert, Complement, Apply Last Color (`,`) and Apply Last Gradient (`.`) keep the colour model; every paint command feeds the recent colours. The Color Guide has 21 harmony rules, Steps and Variation options and Limit to Library. Adjust Color Balance (its Global mode shifts tints) and Saturate preview live; Edit Colors and Recolor also reach meshes, images and patterns. Recolor Artwork has colour reduction, five recolour methods, presets, Limit to Library, a colour-wheel Edit tab and Edit Color Group; a local Color Themes panel saves five-colour themes. Fill/Stroke chips open swatch and mixer popovers, panels have their shortcuts, and Eyedropper Options pick up and apply chosen attributes (Alt and Shift+Alt, image pixels). Fills and strokes can overprint (Attributes panel, Overprint Black options), and CMYK documents blend in inks on screen, in PDF and when flattening. Document Color Mode converts the art, symbols, pattern tiles and swatches through the colour settings: Gray stays Gray, RGB greys separate into four-colour greys and a rich black as Illustrator does, or go on the black plate only with `grays: "black"` (also for `document.open {colorMode}`).
   - **Gradients:** lossless, validated gradient params; gradients follow rotate, reflect, shear, non-uniform scale and distortions; the Gradient tool edits the fill or stroke of the active proxy, type included; an interactive on-canvas annotator (move, length/angle, rotate, add/move/delete/duplicate stops, midpoints, a stop popover, Delete and arrow keys). The Gradient panel has the Fill/Stroke proxy, a gradient-swatch dropdown with Save to Swatches, midpoint locations, Alt-drag to copy or swap stops, swatch drops on the ramp and a stop eyedropper; copied appearances and graphic styles place gradients on each target's own bounds; gradient handles snap and honour Constrain Angle. Gradient stops stay linked to global and spot swatches. Freeform gradients (points and lines) are edited on the canvas; radial gradients have an extent ellipse, an aspect handle and an off-centre focal point (SVG `fx`/`fy`, PDF two-point radials). A stroke's gradient runs within, along or across it. Object ▸ Expand turns gradients into N objects or a gradient mesh.
   - **Strokes:** one stroke-geometry module shared by the canvas, SVG, PDF and Outline Stroke; dotted lines (zero-length dashes draw dots or squares); arrowheads with hollow outlines, tip-on-end or extend-past-end alignment and one opacity for line and head. SVG and PDF export arrowheads, width profiles, brushes and aligned strokes exactly as the canvas draws them; Outline Stroke and the live Outline Stroke effect outline every stroke item as drawn (dashes, heads, profiles, alignment); dashes can be fitted to corners and path ends; width profiles carry through dashes, and their corners take the join. The Stroke panel edits type's character strokes, follows the stroke units, shows mixed values blank and opens from the Control bar. A width profile library, thirty more arrowheads, and Width Point Edit with multi-select and discontinuous points. Visual bounds and clicks cover the whole painted stroke. Scale Strokes & Effects, Scale Corners and Use Preview Bounds work everywhere, and new art inherits stroke options, a graphic style or the whole last appearance.
   - **Appearance:** the Appearance panel's selected row drives every paint, stroke, gradient and transparency edit (`item` on the commands); effects apply to one fill or stroke; per-item Opacity popups; Mixed Appearances, Layers target dots and basic-appearance rules. Effects can be reordered, moved between items and copied by dragging; Show All Hidden Attributes; clicking an effect edits it in place; the object thumbnail drags onto art; effects render on type, images, symbols, blends, envelopes, meshes and repeats, and per-item raster effects export. Groups, layers and type have their own fills, strokes and effects (Contents and Characters rows); the Layers panel's target circles target layers, groups and objects; Expand Appearance turns fills, strokes, effects and brushes into objects.
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
 - **Fonts:** a font is found by any of its names (family and style in every language of its name table, legacy family/style pairs, PostScript name), so documents from other apps open with the font they name; Find Font and `text.fonts` say for each font whether it was found exactly, by another name, substituted or missing, and how many glyphs are missing. PDF and `.ai` import brings Japanese text back as live type: CID fonts without a ToUnicode map read through the standard CMaps, vertical columns (WMode 1) as vertical type, letter spacing as tracking; a glyph is live type only when the installed font (in the closest style of its family) draws the same glyph, and text in a font that isn't installed comes in as live type shown in the fallback font until the font is installed (exports that draw it — PDF, EPS, EMF/WMF, raster, SVG outlines or embedded fonts — warn that they wrote the fallback font; `textAs: outlines` keeps the PDF's embedded glyphs).
 - **Files (M4):**
   - `.vectorcraft` (lossless JSON, compressed, atomic saves, save down to v1), Save As with a format chooser, Save a Copy, Revert, templates, Data Recovery after a crash (browser tabs hold their copies with Web Locks too, so a background tab's copies are never taken for a crash's, and a tab repairs copies another removed when it resumes: #367), background save and export.
-  - SVG/SVGZ in and out with SVG Options, Preserve Editing, symbols, filters, rich text and physical units (SVG type under a transform or `viewBox` scale opens at the size it draws at, the scale moved into its size, leading, baseline shift and strokes, a stretch, skew or rotation kept as its transform: #396); PDF and PDF-compatible `.ai` in and out (layers, with hidden ones kept hidden with their art and nested ones as sublayers; strokes kept live, a fill and a stroke of one outline as one object; masks, editable text with type set along a curve coming back as type on a path, each artboard's art on its own page only, an `.ai`'s white page under its layers left out rather than coming in as art, spot colours, presets, security, marks and bleed, ICC output intents, raster effects, subset fonts, PDF/X, PDF layers, overprint, page thumbnails, fast web view, PDF 1.3). CMYK images keep their ink amounts from PDF import (and from placed CMYK TIFFs) to PDF export: a CMYK JPEG passes through unchanged, others stay CMYK (DeviceCMYK, or ICC-based CMYK in PDF/X-3/X-4) unless the Output settings convert them; the canvas shows them through the working CMYK profile (#320).
+  - SVG/SVGZ in and out with SVG Options, Preserve Editing, symbols, filters, rich text and physical units (SVG type under a transform or `viewBox` scale opens at the size it draws at, the scale moved into its size, leading, baseline shift and strokes, a stretch, skew or rotation kept as its transform: #396; a top-level group with a clip path, such as a clipped Inkscape layer, opens as a layer with a clipping mask, its name kept: #420); PDF and PDF-compatible `.ai` in and out (layers, with hidden ones kept hidden with their art and nested ones as sublayers, on pages of up to 64 million operators, art whose layer can't be told going to a hidden, non-printing layer rather than showing or printing: #419; strokes kept live, a fill and a stroke of one outline as one object; masks, editable text with type set along a curve coming back as type on a path, each artboard's art on its own page only, an `.ai`'s white page under its layers left out rather than coming in as art, spot colours, presets, security, marks and bleed, ICC output intents, raster effects, subset fonts, PDF/X, PDF layers, overprint, page thumbnails, fast web view, PDF 1.3). CMYK images keep their ink amounts from PDF import (and from placed CMYK TIFFs) to PDF export: a CMYK JPEG passes through unchanged, others stay CMYK (DeviceCMYK, or ICC-based CMYK in PDF/X-3/X-4) unless the Output settings convert them; the canvas shows them through the working CMYK profile (#320).
   - EPS and DXF in and out, EMF/WMF in and out; PNG (with PNG-8), JPEG, WebP, GIF, TIFF, BMP, Targa and layered PSD export. EPS import runs Illustrator's AGM/CoolType prologs (resource categories, `resourceforall`, `clipsave`/`cliprestore`, subarrays and substrings that share storage, the standard dictionaries in `systemdict`, `dictstack`, `internaldict`, executable filters, `cshow`, metadata skipped with `flushfile`), so Illustrator 30 EPS files open as vectors, and falls back to its palette TIFF preview. DXF TEXT justified Fit or Aligned spans its two points (stretched, or scaled as a whole).
   - Place and the Links panel, Package, File Info, Print with print presets, PostScript output and print tiling, slices and Save for Web, Export for Screens and Asset Export, CSS Properties, PNG/PDF/SVG/text clipboard flavours; files copied in a file manager paste as art (SVG, PDF, EMF/WMF, bitmaps) on every desktop platform, and Linux/Wayland reads the compositor's clipboard (#398).
 - **Performance:** 20k shapes + 1k texts render in 27 ms per full-retina frame (7.8 ms zoomed), 7× faster than the first version. The UI thread never blocks. The web build is 7.1 MB gzipped.
@@ -201,7 +202,7 @@ about 1–1.5 agent-hours each, so the other rows (estimated on the older scale)
 | Raster effects (Effect Gallery, Document Raster Effects Settings) | 4 | 20% | ~55 Photoshop-style filters (Artistic, Brush Strokes, Distort, Pixelate, Sketch, Stylize, Texture, Video) and the Effect Gallery; Document Raster Effects Settings and raster effects in PDF are done | 28–42 |
 | 3D and Materials | 4 | 0% | Extrude & Bevel, Revolve, Inflate, Rotate, lighting, materials (software renderer) | 50–80 |
 | Type core | 9 | 79% | Middle Eastern features beyond bidi layout and Paragraph Direction (Character Direction, digit types, kashidas, the Middle Eastern composers, editable bidirectional SVG text, a split caret where directions meet); composer/hyphenation options, Optical Margin Alignment, hidden characters, Transform Again after a type-area resize (it scales the type), partial selection of type-area anchors by marquee | 15–20 |
-| Type advanced | 4 | 50% | CJK composition for vertical type (ruby, mojikumi beyond Line-end Punctuation Half Width — hanging punctuation, line-start brackets, kinsoku sets and the Mojikumi Settings dialog —, proportional vertical metrics, manual tate-chu-yoko, Character Alignment on the ICF top and bottom), variable font axis sliders (named instances are styles), tab leaders, spell check (open dictionary), Touch Type, Retype; vertical point/area/path type and Type Orientation have initial support | 20–28 |
+| Type advanced | 4 | 50% | CJK composition for vertical type (ruby, mojikumi beyond Line-end Punctuation Half Width — the other sets (and their paragraph-start bracket and indent rules), hanging punctuation, kinsoku sets and the Mojikumi Settings dialog —, proportional vertical metrics, manual tate-chu-yoko, Character Alignment on the ICF top and bottom), variable font axis sliders (named instances are styles), tab leaders, spell check (open dictionary), Touch Type, Retype; vertical point/area/path type and Type Orientation have initial support | 20–28 |
 | Symbols, blends, envelopes, Repeat, perspective | 5 | 88% | symbol libraries (original), dynamic symbols, envelope Anti-Alias/Preserve Shape output and warp point editing, brush interpolation in blends (M8 fidelity pass done) | 5–8 |
 | Image Trace, graphs, image tools | 3 | 70% | graph Design/Column/Marker, Create Object Mosaic, Crop Image polish (Vector Halftone is done) | 6–10 |
 | Layers, artboards, document setup | 5 | 82% | Layers panel: a confirmation before deleting layers that hold art, Collect for Export, row context menus, the Layer Options dialog for several rows with mixed values, Paste Remembers Layers for sublayers, drag-scrolling a long panel while dragging rows; artboard presets/rearrange polish (Document Setup, New Document and the rest of the Layers panel are done) | 4–7 |

crates/engine/src/cmd/colormgmt.rs

@@ -8,9 +8,11 @@
 //! become active when assigned.
 
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_color::cms::{self, ColorSettings, Intent, Model, ProofTarget};
+use vectorcraft_color::recolor::Neutral;
 use vectorcraft_color::{Color, Paint};
 use vectorcraft_doc::ColorMode;
 use vectorcraft_render::proof;
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Convert Document Color Mode",
             [],
             None,
-            "same as file.documentColorMode: {mode: \"cmyk\"|\"rgb\", convert?: true, intent?} → {changed} (an alias kept for older scripts; the command palette leaves it out)",
+            "same as file.documentColorMode: {mode: \"cmyk\"|\"rgb\", convert?: true, intent?, grays?} → {changed} (an alias kept for older scripts; the command palette leaves it out)",
             has_doc,
             convert_mode
         ),
@@ -232,6 +234,28 @@ fn assign_profile(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     Ok(json!({"rgb": rgb, "cmyk": cmyk}))
 }
 
+/// How Document Color Mode converts neutral RGB greys (R = G = B) to CMYK (the `grays` param).
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Grays {
+    /// Through the CMYK profile like any colour: four-colour greys and a rich black.
+    #[default]
+    Profile,
+    /// On the black plate only: K is the grey's ink percentage (as Convert to Grayscale and then
+    /// to CMYK would give).
+    Black,
+}
+
+impl Grays {
+    /// The `grays` param of `cmd`: `"profile"` (default) or `"black"`.
+    pub(crate) fn param(cmd: &str, p: &Value) -> Result<Self> {
+        match str_param(p, "grays").map(str::to_ascii_lowercase).as_deref() {
+            None | Some("profile") => Ok(Grays::Profile),
+            Some("black") => Ok(Grays::Black),
+            Some(g) => Err(bad(cmd, format!("grays must be \"profile\" or \"black\", not `{g}`"))),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// File → Document Color Mode (`file.documentColorMode` and its alias
 /// `object.convertDocumentColorMode`): set the mode and, unless `convert: false`, convert every
 /// colour through the colour settings.
@@ -243,6 +267,7 @@ pub(crate) fn convert_mode(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
         _ => return Err(bad(C, "mode must be \"cmyk\" or \"rgb\"")),
     };
     let intent = intent_param(p, C)?;
+    let grays = Grays::param(C, p)?;
     // Choosing the mode the document already has (the checked menu item) is not an edit.
     if s.doc()?.doc.color_mode == mode {
         return Ok(json!({ "changed": 0 }));
@@ -250,18 +275,20 @@ pub(crate) fn convert_mode(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let convert = bool_or(p, "convert", true);
     let mut changed = 0usize;
     s.edit("Document Color Mode", |d, _| {
-        changed = set_color_mode(d, mode, convert, intent);
+        changed = set_color_mode(d, mode, convert, intent, grays);
         Ok(())
     })?;
     Ok(json!({ "changed": changed }))
 }
 
-/// Put `d` in colour `mode` and, with `convert`, convert every colour of its art, symbols and
-/// swatches through the colour settings (`intent`, default: theirs) → how many colours changed.
-/// Greys stay greys (they print on the black plate in either mode); Lab colours (spot colour
+/// Put `d` in colour `mode` and, with `convert`, convert every colour of its art, symbols,
+/// pattern tiles and swatches through the colour settings (`intent`, default: theirs) → how many
+/// colours of the art, symbols and patterns changed. Gray colours stay Gray (they print on the
+/// black plate in either mode); RGB greys are colours like any other and separate through the
+/// CMYK profile, unless `grays` puts them on the black plate. Lab colours (spot colour
 /// definitions) are device independent and fit either mode. Document Color Mode and
 /// `document.open {colorMode}` both convert this way.
-pub(crate) fn set_color_mode(d: &mut vectorcraft_doc::Document, mode: ColorMode, convert: bool, intent: Option<Intent>) -> usize {
+pub(crate) fn set_color_mode(d: &mut vectorcraft_doc::Document, mode: ColorMode, convert: bool, intent: Option<Intent>, grays: Grays) -> usize {
     d.color_mode = mode;
     if !convert {
         return 0;
@@ -269,15 +296,25 @@ pub(crate) fn set_color_mode(d: &mut vectorcraft_doc::Document, mode: ColorMode,
     let c = cms::active();
     let intent = intent.unwrap_or(c.settings().intent);
     let model = if mode == ColorMode::Cmyk { Model::Cmyk } else { Model::Rgb };
-    let conv = |col: &Color| if matches!(col, Color::Gray { .. } | Color::Lab { .. }) { *col } else { c.convert(col, model, intent) };
+    let k_only = model == Model::Cmyk && grays == Grays::Black;
+    let conv = |col: &Color| match col {
+        Color::Gray { .. } | Color::Lab { .. } => *col,
+        // Grey ink percentage, then K only (a Gray colour's CMYK).
+        Color::Rgb { .. } if k_only && Neutral::of(col).is_some() => c.convert(&c.convert(col, Model::Gray, intent), Model::Cmyk, intent),
+        _ => c.convert(col, model, intent),
+    };
     let mut changed = 0usize;
-    proof::map_document_colors(d, &mut |col, _| {
+    let mut count = |col: &Color, _: proof::Link| {
         let n = conv(col);
         if n != *col {
             changed += 1;
         }
         n
-    });
+    };
+    proof::map_document_colors(d, &mut count);
+    for a in d.patterns.iter_mut().flat_map(|p| &mut p.art) {
+        proof::map_node_colors(Arc::make_mut(a), &mut count);
+    }
     for sw in d.swatches_iter_mut() {
         match &mut sw.paint {
             Paint::Solid { color, .. } => *color = conv(color),

crates/engine/src/cmd/docmenu.rs

@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Document Color Mode",
             ["File", "Document Color Mode"],
             None,
-            "{mode: \"cmyk\"|\"rgb\", convert?: true (convert every colour of the art, symbols and swatches through the colour settings; swatch links kept; greys stay greys), intent?} → {changed}",
+            "{mode: \"cmyk\"|\"rgb\", convert?: true (convert every colour of the art, symbols, pattern tiles and swatches through the colour settings; swatch links kept; Gray colours stay Gray, on the black plate), intent?, grays?: \"profile\" (default: RGB greys separate through the CMYK profile like any colour, into four-colour greys and a rich black) | \"black\" (to CMYK, RGB greys with R = G = B go on the black plate only, K = their grey value)} → {changed}",
             has_doc,
             super::colormgmt::convert_mode
         ),

crates/engine/src/cmd/fileio/load.rs

@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ pub fn load_with(name: &str, bytes: &[u8], opts: &LoadOptions) -> Result<Loaded>
         _ => return Err(err(format!("{} files can't be opened yet", format.label))),
     };
     if let Some(mode) = opts.color_mode.filter(|m| *m != doc.color_mode) {
-        super::super::colormgmt::set_color_mode(&mut doc, mode, true, None);
+        super::super::colormgmt::set_color_mode(&mut doc, mode, true, None, opts.grays);
     }
     // Imports are named after the file; a native document keeps its own title (the tab shows the
     // file name once it has a path).

crates/engine/src/cmd/fileio/mod.rs

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Open Document",
             [],
             None,
-            "{path} or {name, dataBase64}, PDF/.ai: pages?: \"2-3, 5\" (1-based, default all; one artboard each) | page?: n, cropTo?: bounding|art|crop (default)|trim|bleed|media (the box each artboard gets; bounding: the art's bounds), password? (encrypted PDFs; see document.pdfInfo), textAs?: text (default: point type per line, in the file's fonts by name; missing ones are listed in warnings) | outlines (glyph paths), layers?: true (default: optional content groups become layers with their visibility, print state and lock — art that is off comes in as a hidden layer; other art goes to a layer per page) | false (one layer per page, without the art that is off; Save then asks for a name), colorMode?: rgb|cmyk (the mode the document opens in, its colours converted as file.documentColorMode does; default: the file's — a PDF keeps CMYK, Gray and spot inks (spot swatches at a tint) and opens in CMYK when painted mostly in CMYK), DXF: dxf?: {layout?: \"Model\" (default) | a paper layout's name (document.dxfInfo lists them), unit?, scale? (the ratio: 1 unit of the art = scale drawing units; default: the drawing at 1:1 in its own unit), fit?: false (scale to fit an artboard of fitTo?: [612, 792], turned to the art's orientation), scaleLineweights?: false (lineweights scale with the art), center?: true (false: the drawing's origin on the artboard's bottom-left corner; fitted art's bottom-left corner), mergeLayers?: false (all art on one layer)} → {index, title, format, warnings, restored, missingLinks, modifiedLinks, updatedLinks: [{name, path, ids}]}; any readable format (see document.formats): .vectorcraft/.drawcraft, .svg/.svgz, .pdf/.ai, .ait, ASCII .dxf (each DXF layer with art a layer; blocks symbols; what can't come in is listed in warnings), PNG/JPEG/GIF/WebP/TIFF/BMP (an image opens as a document of its pixel size), .emf/.wmf (one artboard, the picture's frame; records VectorCraft doesn't read are skipped with one warning), .eps and PostScript .ai (one artboard, the bounding box: an EPS file VectorCraft wrote restores the document it carries, restored: true; other files are read by a PostScript interpreter — paths, colours and spot inks, clips, gradients, images, type in the fonts named — and come in as their TIFF preview, with a warning, when their PostScript can't be read). A PDF/.ai/.ait or SVG saved with Preserve Editing restores the native document it carries (restored: true; a PDF only when no pages are picked), unless the file was changed elsewhere since or the data can't be read: then its artwork is imported and the first warning says why. Templates (native templates, .ait) open as a new untitled document; a restored .ai keeps its path (Save writes .ai again). Linked images are read from their files (looked for at their path, then relative to the document): missing ones show their saved preview (links.relink), modified ones are read again only with Preferences › Update Links: Automatically (else links.update). An SVG's <image> files (relative links from the SVG's folder) stay linked, SVG files become art, missing ones a placeholder in their box (a warning and missingLinks)",
+            "{path} or {name, dataBase64}, PDF/.ai: pages?: \"2-3, 5\" (1-based, default all; one artboard each) | page?: n, cropTo?: bounding|art|crop (default)|trim|bleed|media (the box each artboard gets; bounding: the art's bounds), password? (encrypted PDFs; see document.pdfInfo), textAs?: text (default: point type per line, in the file's fonts by name; missing ones are listed in warnings) | outlines (glyph paths), layers?: true (default: optional content groups become layers with their visibility, print state and lock — art that is off comes in as a hidden layer; other art goes to a layer per page) | false (one layer per page, without the art that is off; Save then asks for a name), colorMode?: rgb|cmyk (the mode the document opens in, its colours converted as file.documentColorMode does, grays? as there; default: the file's — a PDF keeps CMYK, Gray and spot inks (spot swatches at a tint) and opens in CMYK when painted mostly in CMYK), DXF: dxf?: {layout?: \"Model\" (default) | a paper layout's name (document.dxfInfo lists them), unit?, scale? (the ratio: 1 unit of the art = scale drawing units; default: the drawing at 1:1 in its own unit), fit?: false (scale to fit an artboard of fitTo?: [612, 792], turned to the art's orientation), scaleLineweights?: false (lineweights scale with the art), center?: true (false: the drawing's origin on the artboard's bottom-left corner; fitted art's bottom-left corner), mergeLayers?: false (all art on one layer)} → {index, title, format, warnings, restored, missingLinks, modifiedLinks, updatedLinks: [{name, path, ids}]}; any readable format (see document.formats): .vectorcraft/.drawcraft, .svg/.svgz, .pdf/.ai, .ait, ASCII .dxf (each DXF layer with art a layer; blocks symbols; what can't come in is listed in warnings), PNG/JPEG/GIF/WebP/TIFF/BMP (an image opens as a document of its pixel size), .emf/.wmf (one artboard, the picture's frame; records VectorCraft doesn't read are skipped with one warning), .eps and PostScript .ai (one artboard, the bounding box: an EPS file VectorCraft wrote restores the document it carries, restored: true; other files are read by a PostScript interpreter — paths, colours and spot inks, clips, gradients, images, type in the fonts named — and come in as their TIFF preview, with a warning, when their PostScript can't be read). A PDF/.ai/.ait or SVG saved with Preserve Editing restores the native document it carries (restored: true; a PDF only when no pages are picked), unless the file was changed elsewhere since or the data can't be read: then its artwork is imported and the first warning says why. Templates (native templates, .ait) open as a new untitled document; a restored .ai keeps its path (Save writes .ai again). Linked images are read from their files (looked for at their path, then relative to the document): missing ones show their saved preview (links.relink), modified ones are read again only with Preferences › Update Links: Automatically (else links.update). An SVG's <image> files (relative links from the SVG's folder) stay linked, SVG files become art, missing ones a placeholder in their box (a warning and missingLinks)",
             always,
             load::open
         ),

crates/engine/src/cmd/fileio/pdfimport.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_doc::{ColorMode, Document};
 use vectorcraft_pdf::{Choice, CropTo, ImportOptions, PdfError, TextAs};
 
+use super::super::colormgmt::Grays;
 use super::super::*;
 use super::{err, source};
 
@@ -22,6 +23,8 @@ pub struct LoadOptions {
     /// The colour mode the document opens in, its colours converted as Document Color Mode does
     /// (default: the file's; a PDF painted mostly in CMYK opens in CMYK).
     pub color_mode: Option<ColorMode>,
+    /// How that conversion separates RGB greys (`grays`).
+    pub grays: Grays,
     /// What a PDF's text becomes.
     pub text_as: TextAs,
     /// A PDF's optional content groups become layers (else one layer per page, without the art
@@ -38,6 +41,7 @@ impl Default for LoadOptions {
             crop: CropTo::default(),
             password: None,
             color_mode: None,
+            grays: Grays::default(),
             text_as: TextAs::default(),
             layers: true,
             dxf: Default::default(),
@@ -47,7 +51,7 @@ impl Default for LoadOptions {
 
 impl LoadOptions {
     /// From command params: `pages` (`"2-3, 5"`, a page number or `"all"`), `page` (one page, when
-    /// `pages` isn't given), `cropTo` (or `crop`), `password`, `colorMode` (`rgb` | `cmyk`),
+    /// `pages` isn't given), `cropTo` (or `crop`), `password`, `colorMode` (`rgb` | `cmyk`) with `grays`,
     /// `textAs` (`text` | `outlines`), `layers` (true | false) and `dxf` (the DXF import options).
     pub fn from_params(cmd: &str, p: &Value) -> Result<Self> {
         let pages = match p.get("pages").filter(|v| !v.is_null()).or_else(|| p.get("page").filter(|v| !v.is_null())) {
@@ -65,13 +69,14 @@ impl LoadOptions {
             Some("cmyk") => Some(ColorMode::Cmyk),
             Some(m) => return Err(bad(cmd, format!("colorMode must be rgb or cmyk, not `{m}`"))),
         };
+        let grays = Grays::param(cmd, p)?;
         let text_as = choice(cmd, "textAs", str_param(p, "textAs"))?;
         let layers = match p.get("layers").filter(|v| !v.is_null()) {
             None => true,
             Some(v) => v.as_bool().ok_or_else(|| bad(cmd, "layers must be true or false"))?,
         };
         let dxf = super::dxfimport::options(cmd, p.get("dxf"))?;
-        Ok(Self { pages, crop, password, color_mode, text_as, layers, dxf })
+        Ok(Self { pages, crop, password, color_mode, grays, text_as, layers, dxf })
     }
 
     /// Does the document read only part of the file, or read it differently (a page range, another

crates/engine/src/tests_menucmds.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //! Menu long-tail commands (Object/Edit/Select/Type/View/File), driven through `Session::execute`.
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
-use vectorcraft_color::Color;
+use vectorcraft_color::{Color, Paint};
 use vectorcraft_doc::{ColorMode, LiveShape, Node, NodeKind, TextKind};
 use vectorcraft_geom::Rect;
 
@@ -859,6 +859,122 @@ fn document_color_mode_converts_colours() {
     assert!(s.execute("file.documentColorMode", &json!({"mode": "lab"})).is_err());
 }
 
+/// Four RGB greys (#000000, #333333, #808080, #e6e6e6, as in issue #421) and a red, a 40% tint of a
+/// grey global swatch, a gradient to grey and a pattern of a grey tile → (session, the five
+/// rectangles, the tinted one, the gradient one).
+fn greys_document() -> (Session, Vec<NodeId>, NodeId, NodeId) {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let ids: Vec<NodeId> = ["#000000", "#333333", "#808080", "#e6e6e6", "#ff0000"]
+        .iter()
+        .map(|hex| {
+            let id = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+            fill(&mut s, id, hex);
+            id
+        })
+        .collect();
+    s.execute("swatch.new", &json!({"name": "Ink", "color": "#808080", "global": true})).unwrap();
+    let tint = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+    s.execute("paint.setFill", &json!({"ids": [tint.0], "swatch": "Ink", "tint": 40})).unwrap();
+    let grad = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+    let stops = json!([{"offset": 0, "color": "#ffffff"}, {"offset": 1, "color": "#333333"}]);
+    s.execute("paint.setFill", &json!({"ids": [grad.0], "gradient": {"kind": "linear", "stops": stops}})).unwrap();
+    let tile = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+    fill(&mut s, tile, "#808080");
+    s.execute("object.pattern.make", &json!({"ids": [tile.0], "name": "Grey Tile", "edit": false})).unwrap();
+    (s, ids, tint, grad)
+}
+
+/// The colour of pattern `name`'s first tile object.
+fn pattern_fill(s: &Session, name: &str) -> Color {
+    s.doc().unwrap().doc.pattern(name).unwrap().art[0].appearance.fill_paint().color().unwrap()
+}
+
+/// K of a colour that prints on the black plate only.
+fn k_only(c: Color) -> f32 {
+    match c {
+        Color::Cmyk { c: 0.0, m: 0.0, y: 0.0, k } => k,
+        other => panic!("not K only: {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn document_color_mode_separates_rgb_greys_through_the_profile() {
+    let (mut s, ids, _, _) = greys_document();
+    s.execute("file.documentColorMode", &json!({"mode": "cmyk"})).unwrap();
+    // As Illustrator converts them: four-colour greys and a rich black.
+    let Color::Cmyk { c, m, y, k } = fill_of(&s, ids[2]) else { panic!("not CMYK") };
+    assert!(c > 0.05 && m > 0.05 && y > 0.05 && k > 0.0, "a four-colour mid grey: {c} {m} {y} {k}");
+    let Color::Cmyk { c, k, .. } = fill_of(&s, ids[0]) else { panic!("not CMYK") };
+    assert!(k > 0.9 && c > 0.3, "rich black: {c} {k}");
+    // Pattern tiles are swatches too: their art converts with the rest.
+    assert!(matches!(pattern_fill(&s, "Grey Tile"), Color::Cmyk { .. }), "{:?}", pattern_fill(&s, "Grey Tile"));
+    // Gray colours stay Gray.
+    let mut g = session();
+    let a = rect(&mut g, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+    g.execute("paint.setFill", &json!({"ids": [a.0], "color": {"gray": 0.3}})).unwrap();
+    g.execute("file.documentColorMode", &json!({"mode": "cmyk"})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(fill_of(&g, a), Color::gray(0.3));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn document_color_mode_can_put_rgb_greys_on_the_black_plate() {
+    let (mut profile, pids, ..) = greys_document();
+    profile.execute("file.documentColorMode", &json!({"mode": "cmyk"})).unwrap();
+    let (mut s, ids, tint, grad) = greys_document();
+    let e = s.execute("file.documentColorMode", &json!({"mode": "cmyk", "grays": "rich"})).unwrap_err().to_string();
+    assert!(e.contains("grays"), "{e}");
+    s.execute("file.documentColorMode", &json!({"mode": "cmyk", "grays": "black"})).unwrap();
+    let close = |a: f32, b: f32| (a - b).abs() < 0.005;
+    for (id, want) in ids.iter().zip([1.0, 0.8, 0.498, 0.098]) {
+        let k = k_only(fill_of(&s, *id));
+        assert!(close(k, want), "K {k}, want {want}");
+    }
+    // Other colours convert through the profile as before.
+    assert_eq!(fill_of(&s, ids[4]), fill_of(&profile, pids[4]));
+    // Swatches, their tints, gradient stops and pattern tiles follow the same rule.
+    let d = &s.doc().unwrap().doc;
+    assert!(close(k_only(d.swatch("Ink").unwrap().paint.color().unwrap()), 0.498));
+    let Paint::Solid { color, swatch, tint: t } = node(&s, tint).appearance.fill_paint() else { panic!("not solid") };
+    assert!(close(k_only(color), 0.498 * 0.4) && swatch.as_deref() == Some("Ink") && t == 0.4, "{color:?} {swatch:?} {t}");
+    let Paint::Gradient(g) = node(&s, grad).appearance.fill_paint() else { panic!("not a gradient") };
+    let ks: Vec<f32> = g.gradient.stops.iter().map(|st| k_only(st.color)).collect();
+    assert!(close(ks[0], 0.0) && close(ks[1], 0.8), "{ks:?}");
+    assert!(close(k_only(pattern_fill(&s, "Grey Tile")), 0.498));
+    // To RGB, `grays` changes nothing.
+    s.execute("file.documentColorMode", &json!({"mode": "rgb", "grays": "black"})).unwrap();
+    let rgb = s.doc().unwrap().doc.layers.clone();
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("file.documentColorMode", &json!({"mode": "rgb"})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().doc.layers, rgb);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn opening_in_cmyk_can_put_rgb_greys_on_the_black_plate() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    for hex in ["#000000", "#333333", "#808080", "#e6e6e6", "#ff0000"] {
+        let id = rect(&mut s, 0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0);
+        fill(&mut s, id, hex);
+    }
+    let svg = s.execute("document.serialize", &json!({"format": "svg"})).unwrap()["text"].as_str().unwrap().to_string();
+    let data = vectorcraft_format::base64_encode(svg.as_bytes());
+    let mut o = Session::new();
+    o.execute("document.open", &json!({"name": "greys.svg", "dataBase64": data, "colorMode": "cmyk", "grays": "black"})).unwrap();
+    let d = &o.doc().unwrap().doc;
+    assert_eq!(d.color_mode, ColorMode::Cmyk);
+    let mut fills = vec![];
+    for l in &d.layers {
+        l.walk(&mut |n| fills.extend(n.children().is_none().then(|| n.appearance.fill_paint().color()).flatten()));
+    }
+    assert_eq!(fills.len(), 5, "{fills:?}");
+    for (c, want) in fills.iter().zip([1.0, 0.8, 0.498, 0.098]) {
+        let k = k_only(*c);
+        assert!((k - want).abs() < 0.005, "K {k}, want {want}");
+    }
+    assert!(matches!(fills[4], Color::Cmyk { m, y, .. } if m > 0.8 && y > 0.8), "red separates as usual: {:?}", fills[4]);
+    let e = Session::new().execute("document.open", &json!({"name": "greys.svg", "dataBase64": data, "grays": "k"})).unwrap_err().to_string();
+    assert!(e.contains("grays"), "{e}");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn file_info_sets_title() {
     let mut s = session();

crates/mcp/src/tests_fileio.rs

@@ -145,3 +145,55 @@ fn pdf_pages(pdf: &[u8]) -> usize {
         .unwrap();
     h.session.doc().unwrap().doc.artboards.len()
 }
+
+/// Issue #421 over MCP: RGB greys switched to CMYK with `grays: "black"` print on the black plate
+/// only, in the document and in the exported PDF.
+#[test]
+fn document_color_mode_puts_rgb_greys_on_the_black_plate() {
+    let svg = tmp("greys.svg");
+    std::fs::write(
+        &svg,
+        r##"<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="200pt" height="50pt" viewBox="0 0 200 50">
+<rect x="0" y="0" width="50" height="50" fill="#000000"/><rect x="50" y="0" width="50" height="50" fill="#333333"/>
+<rect x="100" y="0" width="50" height="50" fill="#808080"/><rect x="150" y="0" width="50" height="50" fill="#e6e6e6"/>
+</svg>"##,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    let want = [1.0, 0.8, 0.498, 0.098];
+    let k_only = |h: &Headless| -> Vec<f32> {
+        let mut ks = vec![];
+        for l in &h.session.doc().unwrap().doc.layers {
+            l.walk(&mut |n| {
+                if n.children().is_none()
+                    && let Some(c) = n.appearance.fill_paint().color()
+                {
+                    let v = serde_json::to_value(c).unwrap();
+                    assert!(v["model"] == "cmyk" && v["c"] == 0.0 && v["m"] == 0.0 && v["y"] == 0.0, "not K only: {v}");
+                    ks.push(v["k"].as_f64().unwrap() as f32);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+        ks
+    };
+    let close = |ks: &[f32]| ks.len() == want.len() && ks.iter().zip(want).all(|(k, w)| (k - w).abs() < 0.005);
+    let mut h = Headless::new();
+    text(&call_tool(&mut h, "open_file", &json!({"path": svg})));
+    let r = text(&call_tool(&mut h, "run_command", &json!({"command": "file.documentColorMode", "params": {"mode": "cmyk", "grays": "black"}})));
+    assert_eq!(r["changed"], 4);
+    let ks = k_only(&h);
+    assert!(close(&ks), "{ks:?}");
+    // The PDF carries the same inks (DeviceCMYK opens as CMYK).
+    let pdf = text(&call_tool(&mut h, "export", &json!({"format": "pdf"})));
+    let mut back = Headless::new();
+    back.call("engine.execute", json!({"command": "document.open", "params": {"name": "greys.pdf", "dataBase64": pdf["dataBase64"]}})).unwrap();
+    let ks = k_only(&back);
+    assert!(close(&ks), "{ks:?}");
+    // document.open takes the same option.
+    let mut o = Headless::new();
+    let r = call_tool(&mut o, "run_command", &json!({"command": "document.open", "params": {"path": svg, "colorMode": "cmyk", "grays": "black"}}));
+    text(&r);
+    let ks = k_only(&o);
+    assert!(close(&ks), "{ks:?}");
+    let bad = call_tool(&mut o, "run_command", &json!({"command": "file.documentColorMode", "params": {"mode": "rgb", "grays": "rich"}}));
+    assert!(bad.is_error, "{bad:?}");
+}

crates/pdf/src/import.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use vectorcraft_geom::{FillRule, PathData};
 
 use crate::import_color::{Colors, Native};
 use crate::import_mask::{MaskSpec, contains, is_rectangle, luminance, mask_spec, white_cover};
-use crate::import_scan::{MAX_NESTING, Ocgs, Scan, all_on, hides_forms, scan_page};
+use crate::import_scan::{MAX_NESTING, Ocgs, Scan, all_on, hides_forms, scan_page, tag_key};
 use crate::import_shading::{clipped, extend_clip, fold_stop_opacity, mesh_shading, shading_gradient};
 use crate::import_text::{Families, Look, Placement, TextLine, Upright};
 use crate::{CropTo, ImportOptions, ImportReport, PdfError, TextAs};
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ const TEXT_OUTLINES: &str = "<Text Outlines>";
 const MAX_NESTED: u32 = 8;
 /// A tiling pattern read this many times with the same art is taken to always draw it.
 const PATTERN_REUSE: u32 = 16;
+/// Stands for the group of art whose group couldn't be told (see [`Builder::unsure`]): it goes
+/// to a hidden, non-printing layer of its page.
+const UNSORTED: usize = usize::MAX;
 
 /// Import a PDF (or PDF-compatible `.ai`) with default options.
 pub fn import(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<Document, PdfError> {
@@ -146,6 +149,9 @@ pub fn import_with_report(bytes: &[u8], opts: &ImportOptions) -> Result<ImportRe
     doc.layers.clear();
     let taken: Vec<String> = doc.swatches_iter().map(|s| s.name.clone()).chain(doc.swatch_groups.iter().map(|g| g.name.clone())).collect();
     let mut b = Builder::new(doc.peek_next_id(), Colors::new(&pdf, taken.clone()), opts.text_as, route);
+    // The art of a group that is off (drawn as `all_on` turned it on) or doesn't print mustn't
+    // show or print on its page's layer.
+    b.unsure = route && ocgs.list.iter().any(|g| (all_on && !g.on) || !g.print);
     b.taken = taken;
     b.warnings = notes;
     let cache = InterpreterCache::new();
@@ -198,19 +204,22 @@ pub fn import_with_report(bytes: &[u8], opts: &ImportOptions) -> Result<ImportRe
             show_center_mark: false,
             show_cross_hairs: false,
         });
-        let page_layer = |b: &mut Builder<'_>, art: Vec<Arc<Node>>| {
-            let mut layer = Node::layer(b.id(), &format!("Page {}", number + 1), LayerColor::Preset((i % 27) as u8));
-            if let NodeKind::Layer { children: c, .. } = &mut layer.kind {
-                *c = art;
+        let page_layer = |b: &mut Builder<'_>, art: Vec<Arc<Node>>, shown: bool| {
+            let name = if shown { format!("Page {}", number + 1) } else { format!("Page {} (unsorted)", number + 1) };
+            let mut layer = Node::layer(b.id(), &name, LayerColor::Preset((i % 27) as u8));
+            layer.visible = shown;
+            if let NodeKind::Layer { children: c, printable, .. } = &mut layer.kind {
+                (*c, *printable) = (art, shown);
             }
             Slot::Page(Box::new(layer))
         };
         if parts.is_empty() {
-            slots.push(page_layer(&mut b, vec![]));
+            slots.push(page_layer(&mut b, vec![], true));
         }
         for (key, art) in parts {
             match key {
-                None => slots.push(page_layer(&mut b, art)),
+                None => slots.push(page_layer(&mut b, art, true)),
+                Some(UNSORTED) => slots.push(page_layer(&mut b, art, false)),
                 Some(g) => {
                     let into = group_art.entry(g).or_insert_with(|| {
                         place_group(g, &ocgs, &mut slots, &mut nesting);
@@ -542,6 +551,9 @@ struct Builder<'p> {
     aligned: bool,
     /// Whether optional content groups become layers.
     route: bool,
+    /// Some groups are hidden or don't print: art in marked content whose group can't be told
+    /// (once the scan and the interpreter part) is [`UNSORTED`] rather than the page's.
+    unsure: bool,
     /// The marked-content sequences open: the group each marks.
     marked: Vec<Option<usize>>,
     /// A transparency group was just pushed: a form's (whose flags come next) or an image's.
@@ -678,6 +690,7 @@ impl<'p> Builder<'p> {
             group_at: 0,
             aligned: true,
             route,
+            unsure: false,
             marked: vec![],
             pending: false,
             nested: 0,
@@ -1521,13 +1534,15 @@ impl<'a> Device<'a> for Builder<'_> {
         let at = self.tag_at;
         self.tag_at += 1;
         let group = match self.scan.tags.get(at) {
-            Some((t, g)) if self.aligned && t.as_slice() == tag => *g,
+            Some((t, g)) if self.aligned && *t == tag_key(tag) => *g,
             _ => {
                 if self.route && self.aligned {
                     self.aligned = false;
-                    self.warn("some art couldn't be told apart by layer and went to its page's layer");
+                    let why = if self.scan.cut { "a page draws more than can be read for its layers: " } else { "" };
+                    let went = if self.unsure { "a hidden, non-printing layer of its page" } else { "its page's layer" };
+                    self.warn(&format!("{why}some art couldn't be told apart by layer and went to {went}"));
                 }
-                None
+                self.unsure.then_some(UNSORTED)
             }
         }
         .filter(|_| self.route);

crates/pdf/src/import_scan.rs

@@ -21,8 +21,14 @@ use hayro_syntax::page::{Page, Resources};
 
 /// The interpreter's limit on nested form XObjects.
 const MAX_DEPTH: u32 = 50;
-/// The most content operators walked per page: past it the rest of the page isn't told apart.
-const MAX_OPS: usize = 2_000_000;
+/// The most content operators walked per page (a guard against forms drawn within each other
+/// many times over): the art past it can't be told apart by group. A drawing of a million paths
+/// takes a few million; the walk reads about 15 million a second, twice as fast as the
+/// interpreter draws them.
+const MAX_OPS: usize = 64_000_000;
+/// The most marked-content sequences noted per page (24 bytes each): past it the rest of the
+/// page isn't told apart either.
+const MAX_TAGS: usize = 4_000_000;
 /// The most groups read.
 const MAX_GROUPS: usize = 10_000;
 /// The deepest layers nest in the configuration's `/Order`.
@@ -206,10 +212,35 @@ pub(crate) fn text_string(b: &[u8]) -> String {
 /// One page as the interpreter walks it.
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub(crate) struct Scan {
-    /// Each marked-content sequence: its tag and the group (index into [`Ocgs::list`]) it marks.
-    pub tags: Vec<(Vec<u8>, Option<usize>)>,
+    /// Each marked-content sequence: its tag ([`tag_key`]) and the group (index into
+    /// [`Ocgs::list`]) it marks.
+    pub tags: Vec<(u64, Option<usize>)>,
     /// Each form transparency group: isolated, knockout.
     pub groups: Vec<(bool, bool)>,
+    /// The walk stopped at [`MAX_OPS`] or [`MAX_TAGS`]: the rest of the page isn't told apart.
+    pub cut: bool,
+}
+
+/// A marked-content tag as [`Scan::tags`] keeps it: its FNV-1a hash (the tags are only compared,
+/// and a page can have millions).
+pub(crate) fn tag_key(tag: &[u8]) -> u64 {
+    tag.iter().fold(0xcbf2_9ce4_8422_2325, |h, &b| (h ^ u64::from(b)).wrapping_mul(0x0100_0000_01b3))
+}
+
+/// [`MAX_OPS`], lowered by tests that need a page past it.
+#[cfg(not(test))]
+fn max_ops() -> usize {
+    MAX_OPS
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+thread_local! {
+    pub(crate) static TEST_MAX_OPS: std::cell::Cell<usize> = const { std::cell::Cell::new(MAX_OPS) };
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+fn max_ops() -> usize {
+    TEST_MAX_OPS.with(std::cell::Cell::get)
 }
 
 struct Walker<'w, 'p> {
@@ -220,6 +251,7 @@ struct Walker<'w, 'p> {
     fonts: &'w mut HashMap<u128, String>,
     visible: Vec<bool>,
     ops: usize,
+    max_ops: usize,
     out: Scan,
     /// A form XObject hidden by its own optional content was met.
     hidden_form: bool,
@@ -273,7 +305,8 @@ impl Walker<'_, '_> {
         self.note_fonts(res);
         while let Some(op) = iter.next() {
             self.ops += 1;
-            if self.ops > MAX_OPS {
+            if self.ops > self.max_ops || self.out.tags.len() >= MAX_TAGS {
+                self.out.cut = true;
                 return;
             }
             match op {
@@ -296,11 +329,11 @@ impl Walker<'_, '_> {
                             None
                         }
                     };
-                    self.out.tags.push((bdc.0.to_vec(), group));
+                    self.out.tags.push((tag_key(bdc.0.as_ref()), group));
                 }
                 TypedInstruction::BeginMarkedContent(bmc) => {
                     self.begin(true);
-                    self.out.tags.push((bmc.0.to_vec(), None));
+                    self.out.tags.push((tag_key(bmc.0.as_ref()), None));
                 }
                 TypedInstruction::EndMarkedContent(_) => {
                     self.visible.pop();
@@ -347,7 +380,7 @@ pub(crate) fn scan_page(page: &Page<'_>, ocgs: &mut Ocgs, all_on: bool, fonts: &
 
 fn walk_page<'w, 'p>(page: &Page<'p>, ocgs: &'w mut Ocgs, all_on: bool, fonts: &'w mut HashMap<u128, String>) -> Walker<'w, 'p> {
     let off = if all_on { HashSet::new() } else { ocgs.off.clone() };
-    let mut w = Walker { ocgs, off, xref: page.xref(), fonts, visible: vec![], ops: 0, out: Scan::default(), hidden_form: false };
+    let mut w = Walker { ocgs, off, xref: page.xref(), fonts, visible: vec![], ops: 0, max_ops: max_ops(), out: Scan::default(), hidden_form: false };
     w.walk(page.typed_operations(), page.resources(), 0);
     w
 }

crates/pdf/src/tests_import_layers.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 //! Optional content groups become layers: name, visibility (the default configuration's or the
-//! view state's), print state, lock and nesting; art that is off comes in as a hidden layer.
+//! view state's), print state, lock and nesting; art that is off comes in as a hidden layer, and
+//! art past what is read of a huge page never shows or prints a hidden layer.
 
 use vectorcraft_color::Color;
 use vectorcraft_doc::{Document, Node, NodeKind};
@@ -298,3 +299,56 @@ fn thousands_of_layers_hidden_ones_included_all_come_in() {
     assert_eq!(d.layers.len(), N);
     assert!(d.layers.iter().enumerate().all(|(i, l)| l.visible == (i % 2 == 1) && l.children().is_some_and(|c| c.len() == 1)));
 }
+
+/// Import `bytes` with the scan's operator limit lowered to `n`.
+fn import_with_max_ops(bytes: &[u8], n: usize) -> ImportReport {
+    let old = crate::import_scan::TEST_MAX_OPS.replace(n);
+    let r = import_with_report(bytes, &ImportOptions::default());
+    crate::import_scan::TEST_MAX_OPS.set(old);
+    r.unwrap()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn art_past_the_scan_limit_never_shows_a_hidden_layer() {
+    // "Shapes" draws 100 operators before its square, then "Hidden" (off, not printed) its own.
+    let (objs, catalog, ids) = groups(1, "/OFF [{B}]");
+    let filler = "q Q ".repeat(50);
+    let page = PdfPage {
+        resources: format!("/Properties << /MC0 {} 0 R /MC1 {} 0 R >>", ids[0], ids[1]),
+        ..PdfPage::new(
+            100.0,
+            100.0,
+            &format!("/OC /MC0 BDC {filler}1 0 0 rg 10 10 30 30 re f EMC /OC /MC1 BDC 0 0 1 rg 50 50 30 30 re f EMC 0 1 0 rg 0 0 5 5 re f"),
+        )
+    };
+    let bytes = pdf_with_catalog(&[page], &[&objs[0], &objs[1]], &catalog, None);
+    // Within the limit, every group is told apart.
+    assert_eq!(names(&import(&bytes).unwrap()), ["Shapes", "Hidden", "Page 1"]);
+    let r = import_with_max_ops(&bytes, 60);
+    let d = &r.document;
+    assert_eq!(names(d), ["Shapes", "Page 1 (unsorted)", "Page 1"], "{:?}", r.warnings);
+    // The art drawn past the limit in a group already open stays in it.
+    assert!(d.layers[0].visible);
+    assert_eq!(colors(&d.layers[0]), [Color::rgb(1.0, 0.0, 0.0)]);
+    // The hidden group's art, past it, can't be told apart: it neither shows nor prints.
+    let unsorted = &d.layers[1];
+    assert!(!unsorted.visible && !printable(unsorted));
+    assert_eq!(colors(unsorted), [Color::rgb(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)]);
+    // Art outside any group is the page's, as before.
+    assert!(d.layers[2].visible && printable(&d.layers[2]));
+    assert_eq!(colors(&d.layers[2]), [Color::rgb(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)]);
+    assert!(r.warnings.iter().any(|w| w.contains("more than can be read") && w.contains("hidden, non-printing")), "{:?}", r.warnings);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn art_past_the_scan_limit_of_shown_layers_stays_shown() {
+    // Every group shows and prints: what can't be told apart goes to the page's layer, shown.
+    let bytes = three_groups([&ocg("A", ""), &ocg("B", ""), &ocg("C", "")], &[], "");
+    let r = import_with_max_ops(&bytes, 4);
+    let d = &r.document;
+    assert_eq!(names(d), ["A", "Page 1"], "{:?}", r.warnings);
+    assert_eq!(colors(&d.layers[0]), [Color::rgb(1.0, 0.0, 0.0)]);
+    assert!(d.layers[1].visible && printable(&d.layers[1]));
+    assert_eq!(colors(&d.layers[1]), [Color::rgb(0.0, 0.0, 1.0), Color::rgb(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)]);
+    assert!(r.warnings.iter().any(|w| w.contains("went to its page's layer")), "{:?}", r.warnings);
+}

crates/svg/src/import.rs

@@ -83,8 +83,9 @@ pub(crate) fn import(svg: &str, opts: &ImportOptions) -> Result<(Document, Vec<S
     }
 
     // Top-level `<g id>` elements become layers (as in the reference app); otherwise all art goes
-    // into "Layer 1". Top-level text joins the layer below it (the first layer if none is).
-    let is_layer = |im: &Importer, c: &usvg::Node| matches!(c, usvg::Node::Group(g) if !g.id().is_empty() && !made_up(g.id()) && !im.links.contains_key(g.id()) && !im.uses.contains_key(g.id()) && is_plain(g) && im.text_slot(g).is_none());
+    // into "Layer 1". A clip path on one (as on an Inkscape layer, or our clipping layers) makes it
+    // a clipping layer. Top-level text joins the layer below it (the first layer if none is).
+    let is_layer = |im: &Importer, c: &usvg::Node| matches!(c, usvg::Node::Group(g) if !g.id().is_empty() && !made_up(g.id()) && !im.links.contains_key(g.id()) && !im.uses.contains_key(g.id()) && only_clips(g) && im.text_slot(g).is_none());
     let is_text = |im: &Importer, c: &usvg::Node| matches!(c, usvg::Node::Group(g) if im.text_slot(g).is_some());
     let layer_mode = top.children().iter().any(|c| is_layer(&im, c)) && top.children().iter().all(|c| is_layer(&im, c) || is_text(&im, c));
     if layer_mode {
@@ -93,22 +94,35 @@ pub(crate) fn import(svg: &str, opts: &ImportOptions) -> Result<(Document, Vec<S
         for c in top.children() {
             let usvg::Node::Group(g) = c else { continue };
             if !is_layer(&im, c) {
-                let n = im.node(c, base).map(Arc::new);
-                match im.doc.layers.last_mut().and_then(|l| Arc::make_mut(l).children_mut()) {
-                    Some(ch) => ch.extend(n),
+                let n: Vec<_> = im.node(c, base).map(Arc::new).into_iter().collect();
+                match im.doc.layers.pop() {
+                    Some(mut l) => {
+                        im.add_unclipped(Arc::make_mut(&mut l), usize::MAX, n);
+                        im.doc.layers.push(l);
+                    }
                     None => loose.extend(n),
                 }
                 continue;
             }
-            let mut children = std::mem::take(&mut loose);
-            children.extend(im.children(g, base * aff(g.transform())));
+            let ts = base * aff(g.transform());
+            let name = im.name_of(g.id()).to_string();
+            let mut art = im.children(g, ts);
+            // A clip path with no shape shows nothing of the layer: it stays, empty.
+            let clip = match g.clip_path() {
+                Some(cp) => {
+                    art = im.clipped(cp, ts, art, &format!("layer '{name}'")).unwrap_or_default();
+                    !art.is_empty()
+                }
+                None => false,
+            };
             let id = im.doc.alloc_id();
             let preset = (im.doc.layers.len() % vectorcraft_doc::LAYER_COLORS.len()) as u8;
-            let name = im.name_of(g.id()).to_string();
             let mut l = Node::layer(id, &name, LayerColor::Preset(preset));
+            l.set_clips(clip);
             if let Some(ch) = l.children_mut() {
-                *ch = children;
+                *ch = art;
             }
+            im.add_unclipped(&mut l, 0, std::mem::take(&mut loose));
             l.visible = !im.hidden.contains(g.id());
             im.doc.layers.push(Arc::new(l));
         }
@@ -472,7 +486,12 @@ fn aff(t: usvg::Transform) -> Affine {
 }
 
 fn is_plain(g: &usvg::Group) -> bool {
-    g.clip_path().is_none() && g.mask().is_none() && g.filters().is_empty() && g.opacity().get() >= 1.0 && g.blend_mode() == usvg::BlendMode::Normal
+    g.clip_path().is_none() && only_clips(g)
+}
+
+/// Does group `g` leave its art as it is, but for a clip path (no mask, filter, opacity or blend)?
+fn only_clips(g: &usvg::Group) -> bool {
+    g.mask().is_none() && g.filters().is_empty() && g.opacity().get() >= 1.0 && g.blend_mode() == usvg::BlendMode::Normal
 }
 
 fn blend(b: usvg::BlendMode) -> BlendMode {
@@ -758,27 +777,8 @@ impl Importer {
                 inner.appearance.effects = effects.clone();
                 children = vec![Arc::new(inner)];
             }
-            // A clip path clipped in turn (`<clipPath clip-path>`): one clip group in another, so
-            // the clips intersect.
-            let mut clips = vec![self.clip_node(cp, ts)?];
-            let mut next = cp.clip_path();
-            while let Some(c) = next {
-                if clips.len() > MAX_CLIP_NEST {
-                    self.warn(format!("clip paths nested more than {MAX_CLIP_NEST} deep on {label}: the deeper ones are ignored"));
-                    break;
-                }
-                clips.push(self.clip_node(c, ts)?);
-                next = c.clip_path();
-            }
-            let outer = clips.pop()?;
-            for clip in clips {
-                let mut ch = vec![Arc::new(clip)];
-                ch.extend(children);
-                children = vec![Arc::new(self.named("", NodeKind::Group { children: ch, clip: true }))];
-            }
-            let mut ch = vec![Arc::new(outer)];
-            ch.extend(children);
-            self.named(id, NodeKind::Group { children: ch, clip: true })
+            let children = self.clipped(cp, ts, children, &label)?;
+            self.named(id, NodeKind::Group { children, clip: true })
         } else {
             if children.is_empty() {
                 return None;
@@ -849,6 +849,49 @@ impl Importer {
         Some(Box::new(mask))
     }
 
+    /// `children` clipped by `cp` (on an element whose user space `ts` maps to the document): the
+    /// children of a clip group or clipping layer, its clipping path first. A clip path clipped in
+    /// turn (`<clipPath clip-path>`) nests one clip group in another, so the clips intersect.
+    /// `None` when the clip path has no shape (nothing shows).
+    fn clipped(&mut self, cp: &usvg::ClipPath, ts: Affine, mut children: Vec<Arc<Node>>, label: &str) -> Option<Vec<Arc<Node>>> {
+        let mut clips = vec![self.clip_node(cp, ts)?];
+        let mut next = cp.clip_path();
+        while let Some(c) = next {
+            if clips.len() > MAX_CLIP_NEST {
+                self.warn(format!("clip paths nested more than {MAX_CLIP_NEST} deep on {label}: the deeper ones are ignored"));
+                break;
+            }
+            clips.push(self.clip_node(c, ts)?);
+            next = c.clip_path();
+        }
+        let outer = clips.pop()?;
+        for clip in clips {
+            let mut ch = vec![Arc::new(clip)];
+            ch.extend(children);
+            children = vec![Arc::new(self.named("", NodeKind::Group { children: ch, clip: true }))];
+        }
+        let mut ch = vec![Arc::new(outer)];
+        ch.extend(children);
+        Some(ch)
+    }
+
+    /// Put `art` in layer `l` at `index` (at most its end) unclipped: a clipping mask on the layer
+    /// becomes a clip group in it, holding the art it clipped.
+    fn add_unclipped(&mut self, l: &mut Node, index: usize, art: Vec<Arc<Node>>) {
+        if art.is_empty() {
+            return;
+        }
+        if let NodeKind::Layer { children, clip: clip @ true, .. } = &mut l.kind {
+            *clip = false;
+            let clipped = std::mem::take(children);
+            children.push(Arc::new(self.named("", NodeKind::Group { children: clipped, clip: true })));
+        }
+        if let Some(ch) = l.children_mut() {
+            let i = index.min(ch.len());
+            ch.splice(i..i, art);
+        }
+    }
+
     fn clip_node(&mut self, cp: &usvg::ClipPath, ts: Affine) -> Option<Node> {
         let shapes = clip_shapes(cp, ts);
         if shapes.is_empty() {

crates/svg/tests/symbols_layers.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //! Symbols export as one `<symbol>` def and a `<use>` per instance (instances the def can't stand
-//! for get their own art), hidden layers are kept hidden when asked and come back hidden, and the
-//! editing data notices edits made elsewhere.
+//! for get their own art), hidden layers are kept hidden when asked and come back hidden, clipped
+//! layers come in as clipping layers, and the editing data notices edits made elsewhere.
 // Integration tests: unwrapping and panicking on failure is fine here, unlike in shipped code (AGENTS.md › Robustness).
 #![allow(clippy::unwrap_used, clippy::expect_used, clippy::panic)]
 
@@ -205,6 +205,78 @@ fn hidden_layers_are_kept_hidden_when_asked() {
     }
 }
 
+/// Each layer's art: clipping layer or not, and the kinds of its children.
+fn layer_art(d: &Document) -> Vec<(String, bool, Vec<&'static str>)> {
+    d.layers.iter().map(|l| (l.name.clone().unwrap_or_default(), l.clips(), l.children().unwrap().iter().map(|c| c.kind_label()).collect())).collect()
+}
+
+/// Two Inkscape layers clipped to the same window (#420), in pixels so resvg draws them at our scale.
+const CLIPPED_LAYERS: &str = r##"<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:inkscape="http://www.inkscape.org/namespaces/inkscape" width="200" height="100" viewBox="0 0 200 100">
+<defs><clipPath id="window"><rect x="5" y="5" width="190" height="90"/></clipPath></defs>
+<g id="CUT" inkscape:groupmode="layer" inkscape:label="Cut lines" clip-path="url(#window)"><rect x="0" y="0" width="100" height="100" fill="#f00"/></g>
+<g id="HATCH" inkscape:groupmode="layer" inkscape:label="HATCH" clip-path="url(#window)"><rect x="100" y="0" width="100" height="100" fill="#00f"/></g>
+</svg>"##;
+
+#[test]
+fn clipped_layers_come_in_as_clipping_layers() {
+    let d = import(CLIPPED_LAYERS).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        layer_art(&d),
+        [("Cut lines".to_string(), true, vec!["Path", "Path"]), ("HATCH".to_string(), true, vec!["Path", "Path"])],
+        "{:?}",
+        d.layers
+    );
+    for l in &d.layers {
+        let clip = &l.children().unwrap()[0];
+        assert!(matches!(clip.kind, NodeKind::Path { clipping: true, .. }) && clip.name.as_deref() == Some("window"));
+        assert_eq!(clip.geometric_bounds().unwrap(), Rect::new(5.0, 5.0, 195.0, 95.0));
+    }
+    // Drawn as the SVG is: each layer cut to the window.
+    assert_similar(&render_artboard(&d), &resvg_render(CLIPPED_LAYERS, 200, 100), 24.0, 0.002);
+    // The issue's file (in points): two clipping layers, the names kept.
+    let pt = CLIPPED_LAYERS.replace("width=\"200\" height=\"100\"", "width=\"200pt\" height=\"100pt\"");
+    let d = import(&pt).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(d.layers.iter().map(|l| (l.name.as_deref().unwrap(), l.clips())).collect::<Vec<_>>(), [("Cut lines", true), ("HATCH", true)]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn clipping_layers_round_trip() {
+    let mut d = import(CLIPPED_LAYERS).unwrap();
+    // A clip path clipped in turn: the layer's own clip outermost, the other one inside it.
+    let nested = CLIPPED_LAYERS.replace(
+        "<defs>",
+        "<defs><clipPath id=\"left\"><rect x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"60\" height=\"100\"/></clipPath><clipPath id=\"inner\" clip-path=\"url(#left)\"><rect x=\"20\" y=\"20\" width=\"160\" height=\"60\"/></clipPath>",
+    );
+    let nested = nested.replacen("url(#window)", "url(#inner)", 1);
+    let n = import(&nested).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(layer_art(&n)[0], ("Cut lines".to_string(), true, vec!["Path", "Clip Group"]));
+    assert_similar(&render_artboard(&n), &resvg_render(&nested, 200, 100), 24.0, 0.002);
+    d.layers.push(n.layers[0].clone());
+    let svg = export(&d, &ExportOptions::default());
+    let back = import(&svg).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(layer_art(&back), layer_art(&d), "{svg}");
+    assert_similar(&render_artboard(&back), &render_artboard(&d), 24.0, 0.002);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn text_joining_a_clipping_layer_stays_unclipped() {
+    // Text beside clipped layers isn't in their clip: the layer keeps its clip as a clip group.
+    let svg = CLIPPED_LAYERS
+        .replace("<g id=\"CUT\"", "<text x=\"1\" y=\"99\">Before</text><g id=\"CUT\"")
+        .replace("</svg>", "<text x=\"150\" y=\"99\">After</text></svg>");
+    let d = import(&svg).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        layer_art(&d),
+        [("Cut lines".to_string(), false, vec!["Type", "Clip Group"]), ("HATCH".to_string(), false, vec!["Clip Group", "Type"])],
+        "{:?}",
+        d.layers
+    );
+    for l in &d.layers {
+        let g = l.children().unwrap().iter().find(|c| c.clips()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(g.children().unwrap().iter().map(|c| c.kind_label()).collect::<Vec<_>>(), ["Path", "Path"]);
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn hidden_groups_others_use_stay_hidden() {
     // A display:none group a <use> refers to is a template, not a hidden layer.

crates/text/src/layout.rs

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ impl Ctx<'_> {
     fn emit(&mut self, g: &SGlyph, pre: Affine, origin: Point, angle: f64, advance: f64, line: usize) {
         let src = self.db.outline(&g.face, g.gid);
         // A glyph whose leading space was taken off (mojikumi) is drawn that much earlier: an
-        // upright one in vertical type by turning about a point that much higher.
+        // upright one in vertical type by moving it up the column once it stands upright.
         let upright = self.vertical && !self.on_path && g.tcy.is_none() && stands_upright(g);
         let lead = if upright { 0.0 } else { g.lead };
         let local =
@@ -79,10 +79,11 @@ impl Ctx<'_> {
             // after the cell, and must not push the glyph off the centre line).
             let em = self.style_at(g.byte).size;
             let cell = if g.adv > 0.0 { upright_cell(g) } else { advance };
-            m = Affine::rotate_about(
-                -std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2,
-                Point::new(origin.x + cell * 0.5 - g.lead, origin.y - upright_centre(g, cell, em)),
-            ) * m;
+            // A leading space taken off moves it up the column after the turn (moving the
+            // turning point instead would move it across the column too).
+            m = Affine::translate((-g.lead, 0.0))
+                * Affine::rotate_about(-std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2, Point::new(origin.x + cell * 0.5, origin.y - upright_centre(g, cell, em)))
+                * m;
         }
         // Control characters (tabs) and soft hyphens draw nothing (fonts map them to .notdef).
         let outline = if src.elements().is_empty() || g.is_soft_hyphen() || g.ch.is_control() {
@@ -969,6 +970,18 @@ fn flow(cx: &mut Ctx<'_>, paras: &[Range<usize>], para: &ParaStyle, regions: Opt
             let est = if i < n { Metrics::of(&sg[i]) } else { pm };
             let first_line = li_para == 0;
             let ind_l = para.left_indent + if first_line { para.first_line_indent } else { 0.0 };
+            // Mojikumi: an opening bracket starting a wrapped line is set flush with the line's
+            // start (the space before it goes), and the line has that much more room.
+            if !first_line
+                && !rtl
+                && para.mojikumi == Mojikumi::LineEndHalf
+                && let Some(g) = sg.get_mut(i)
+                && g.lead <= 0.0
+                && let Some(h) = punct_half(g, Punct::Opening)
+            {
+                g.adv -= h;
+                g.lead += h;
+            }
             // Place, break, then settle the baseline on the line's real metrics (moving on to the
             // next row/column if it no longer fits).
             let (baseline, x0, x1, end, hyph, m) = loop {

crates/text/src/tests_vertical.rs

@@ -325,6 +325,9 @@ fn mojikumi_halves_line_end_and_consecutive_punctuation() {
         let along = |r: Rect| if vertical_type { r.y0 } else { r.x0 };
         let moved = along(off.glyphs[1].outline.bounding_box()) - along(on.glyphs[1].outline.bounding_box());
         assert!((moved - 10.0).abs() < 0.01, "vertical {vertical_type}: the second 「 is drawn half an em earlier ({moved})");
+        let across = |r: Rect| if vertical_type { r.x0 } else { r.y0 };
+        let drift = across(off.glyphs[1].outline.bounding_box()) - across(on.glyphs[1].outline.bounding_box());
+        assert!(drift.abs() < 0.01, "vertical {vertical_type}: and not moved across the line ({drift})");
         // Text without punctuation is untouched.
         assert_eq!(adv("一二", Mojikumi::LineEndHalf), adv("一二", Mojikumi::None));
     }
@@ -364,3 +367,42 @@ fn mojikumi_spaces_japanese_from_latin_by_a_quarter_em() {
     let off = lay("第10回", Mojikumi::None, true);
     assert!(on.glyphs.iter().zip(&off.glyphs).all(|(a, b)| (a.advance - b.advance).abs() < 0.01));
 }
+
+/// Mojikumi (JLREQ 3.1.5): with Line-end Punctuation Half Width, an opening bracket starting a
+/// wrapped line is set flush with the line's start (the space before it goes), giving the line half
+/// an em more room; at the start of a paragraph it keeps its full width. Horizontal and vertical.
+/// Needs a font with full-width Japanese punctuation (skipped without one).
+#[test]
+fn mojikumi_sets_an_opening_bracket_flush_at_the_start_of_a_wrapped_line() {
+    use vectorcraft_doc::Mojikumi;
+    // 20 pt type in a frame three and a half ems across the lines.
+    let lay = |text: &str, m: Mojikumi, vertical_type: bool| {
+        let mut t = TextObject::point(Point::ZERO, text, CharStyle { size: 20.0, ..CharStyle::default() });
+        t.xf = Affine::IDENTITY;
+        t.vertical = vertical_type;
+        t.para.mojikumi = m;
+        let frame = if vertical_type { Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 200.0, 70.0) } else { Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 70.0, 200.0) };
+        t.kind = TextKind::Area { frame: PathData::from_bezpath(&frame.to_path(0.1)) };
+        layout(FontDb::global(), &t)
+    };
+    if (lay("一「", Mojikumi::None, false).glyphs[1].advance - 20.0).abs() > 2.0 {
+        return; // no font with full-width punctuation here
+    }
+    for vertical_type in [false, true] {
+        let along = |r: Rect| if vertical_type { r.y0 } else { r.x0 };
+        // 一二三 / 「四五六: the bracket can't end the first line, so it starts the second.
+        let (on, off) = (lay("一二三「四五六", Mojikumi::LineEndHalf, vertical_type), lay("一二三「四五六", Mojikumi::None, vertical_type));
+        let moved = along(off.glyphs[3].outline.bounding_box()) - along(on.glyphs[3].outline.bounding_box());
+        assert!((moved - 10.0).abs() < 0.01, "vertical {vertical_type}: 「 is drawn half an em earlier ({moved})");
+        let across = |r: Rect| if vertical_type { r.x0 } else { r.y0 };
+        let drift = across(off.glyphs[3].outline.bounding_box()) - across(on.glyphs[3].outline.bounding_box());
+        assert!(drift.abs() < 0.01, "vertical {vertical_type}: and not moved across the line ({drift})");
+        assert!((on.glyphs[3].advance - 10.0).abs() < 0.01, "vertical {vertical_type}: {}", on.glyphs[3].advance);
+        // The half em it gave up lets 六 stay on the line.
+        assert_eq!(on.glyphs[6].line, on.glyphs[3].line, "vertical {vertical_type}");
+        assert_ne!(off.glyphs[6].line, off.glyphs[3].line, "vertical {vertical_type}");
+        // At the start of a paragraph the bracket keeps its full width.
+        let first = lay("「一」", Mojikumi::LineEndHalf, vertical_type);
+        assert!((first.glyphs[0].advance - 20.0).abs() < 0.01, "vertical {vertical_type}: {}", first.glyphs[0].advance);
+    }
+}

crates/tools/src/direct.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 //! Direct Selection (A) and Group Selection tools.
 //!
 //! Direct Selection: click an anchor to select it (Shift toggles), click a segment to select the
-//! path's anchors on that segment, drag to move selected anchors, drag a direction handle to
+//! path's anchors on that segment, drag to move selected anchors (the one pressed on snaps to
+//! anchors, segments and Smart Guides, or with them off Snap to Point; Shift keeps the move at 45°
+//! steps), drag a direction handle to
 //! reshape (Shift keeps it at 45° steps round its anchor, Alt moves it alone; smart guides snap
 //! it), marquee to select anchors, drag a live rectangle's corner widget to round its corners
 //! (the selected ones when anchors are selected; Alt-click cycles their kind, double-click opens
 //! the Corners dialog).
 //! Group Selection: click selects the leaf; each further click on it adds the next enclosing group.
+//! Both move objects selected as a whole as the Selection tool does, snapping alike.
 //! Both pick the key objects of a blend, and click or drag ruler guides ([`crate::rulerguide`]).
 //! Direct Selection also edits a blend's spine: drag its points (a key object on a point moves
 //! with it) and, once a point is clicked, its handles; and the points of selected gradient meshes
@@ -26,16 +29,20 @@ use vectorcraft_geom::{PathData, Point, Rect};
 
 use crate::bbox::move_delta;
 use crate::corners::{self, CornerDrag, over_widget};
+use crate::guides::{PointSnap, Targets};
 use crate::meshedit::MeshEdit;
 use crate::rulerguide::GuideEdit;
-use crate::select::{is_area_type, matrix_json};
+use crate::select::{MoveSnap, is_area_type, matrix_json};
 use crate::{Action, Cursor, Mods, Overlay, PointerEvent, PointerKind, Tool, ToolContext};
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 enum State {
     Idle,
+    /// Dragging the selected anchors, which move alike: `grab` is where the anchor pressed on (or
+    /// the pointer on a segment) was, the point that snaps.
     MoveAnchors {
         start: Point,
+        grab: Point,
         began: bool,
     },
     MoveObject {
@@ -94,8 +101,12 @@ pub struct DirectSelectionTool {
     /// The spine point last clicked (blend, anchor): its handles show and can be dragged.
     spine: Option<(NodeId, usize)>,
     mesh: MeshEdit,
-    /// Smart guides of the handle being dragged.
+    /// Smart guides of the handle, anchors or objects being dragged.
     guides: Vec<Overlay>,
+    /// What the dragged anchors snap to, gathered when the drag begins.
+    anchor_snap: Option<PointSnap>,
+    /// What the objects being moved snap to, gathered when the move begins.
+    move_snap: Option<MoveSnap>,
     /// The anchor under the pointer (Highlight anchors on mouse over): its path, where it is.
     hover: Option<(NodeId, Point)>,
     guide: GuideEdit,
@@ -103,7 +114,17 @@ pub struct DirectSelectionTool {
 
 impl DirectSelectionTool {
     pub fn new(group: bool) -> Self {
-        Self { group, state: State::Idle, spine: None, mesh: MeshEdit::default(), guides: vec![], hover: None, guide: GuideEdit::default() }
+        Self {
+            group,
+            state: State::Idle,
+            spine: None,
+            mesh: MeshEdit::default(),
+            guides: vec![],
+            anchor_snap: None,
+            move_snap: None,
+            hover: None,
+            guide: GuideEdit::default(),
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -170,12 +191,12 @@ fn anchor_owners(cx: &ToolContext, f: fn(&Node) -> bool) -> Vec<NodeId> {
     v
 }
 
-/// Anchor of any visible path or area type frame under `p`, topmost first.
-fn hit_anchor(cx: &ToolContext, p: Point, tol: f64) -> Option<(NodeId, usize, usize)> {
+/// Anchor of any visible path or area type frame under `p`, topmost first: (id, si, ai, where it is).
+fn hit_anchor(cx: &ToolContext, p: Point, tol: f64) -> Option<(NodeId, usize, usize, Point)> {
     let owners = anchor_owners(cx, |n| matches!(n.kind, NodeKind::Path { .. }) || is_area_type(n));
     owners.into_iter().find_map(|id| {
         let pd = cx.doc.node(id).and_then(editable_path)?;
-        pd.anchors().find(|(_, _, a)| a.p.distance(p) <= tol).map(|(si, ai, _)| (id, si, ai))
+        pd.anchors().find(|(_, _, a)| a.p.distance(p) <= tol).map(|(si, ai, a)| (id, si, ai, a.p))
     })
 }
 
@@ -310,12 +331,12 @@ impl Tool for DirectSelectionTool {
                     self.state = State::SpinePoint { id, anchor, from, start: p, began: false };
                     return if cx.selection.contains(id) { vec![] } else { vec![Action::Exec("select.set".into(), json!({"ids": [id.0]}))] };
                 }
-                if let Some((id, si, ai)) = hit_anchor(cx, p, tol) {
+                if let Some((id, si, ai, grab)) = hit_anchor(cx, p, tol) {
                     if cx.doc.node(id).is_some_and(is_area_type) {
                         return self.press_type_area(cx, id, vec![(si, ai)], p, ev.mods.shift);
                     }
                     let already = cx.selection.partial(id).is_some_and(|s| s.contains(&(si, ai)));
-                    self.state = State::MoveAnchors { start: p, began: false };
+                    self.state = State::MoveAnchors { start: p, grab, began: false };
                     if ev.mods.shift {
                         return vec![Action::Exec("select.anchors".into(), json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [[si, ai]], "mode": "toggle"}))];
                     }
@@ -346,7 +367,7 @@ impl Tool for DirectSelectionTool {
                         self.state = if s.curved {
                             State::Segment { id: h.leaf, si: s.si, seg: s.seg, t: s.t, start: p, began: false }
                         } else {
-                            State::MoveAnchors { start: p, began: false }
+                            State::MoveAnchors { start: p, grab: p, began: false }
                         };
                         if selected {
                             return vec![];
@@ -367,16 +388,25 @@ impl Tool for DirectSelectionTool {
                 self.state = State::Marquee { start: p, cur: p, add: ev.mods.shift };
                 vec![]
             }
-            (PointerKind::Drag, State::MoveAnchors { start, began }) => {
+            (PointerKind::Drag, State::MoveAnchors { start, grab, began }) => {
                 let mut out = vec![];
                 if !began {
                     if p.distance(start) < cx.tol(3.0) {
                         return out;
                     }
                     out.push(Action::Begin("Move".into()));
-                    self.state = State::MoveAnchors { start, began: true };
+                    self.state = State::MoveAnchors { start, grab, began: true };
+                    self.anchor_snap = Some(PointSnap::new(cx, || Targets::for_anchor_drag(cx.doc, cx.selection)));
+                }
+                let mut d = move_delta(start, p, ev.mods.shift);
+                // The grabbed anchor snaps and the others follow it; Shift keeps the angle instead.
+                self.guides.clear();
+                if !ev.mods.shift
+                    && let Some(snap) = &self.anchor_snap
+                {
+                    let (q, guides) = snap.snap(cx, grab + d);
+                    (d, self.guides) = (q - grab, guides);
                 }
-                let d = move_delta(start, p, ev.mods.shift);
                 out.push(Action::Preview("path.moveAnchors".into(), json!({"dx": d.x, "dy": d.y})));
                 out
             }
@@ -404,8 +434,12 @@ impl Tool for DirectSelectionTool {
                     }
                     out.push(Action::Begin("Move".into()));
                     self.state = State::MoveObject { start, began: true };
+                    self.move_snap = Some(MoveSnap::new(cx));
+                }
+                let mut d = move_delta(start, p, ev.mods.shift);
+                if let Some(snap) = &self.move_snap {
+                    (d, self.guides) = snap.snap(cx, start, d);
                 }
-                let d = move_delta(start, p, ev.mods.shift);
                 out.push(Action::Preview(
                     "object.transform".into(),
                     json!({"matrix": matrix_json(vectorcraft_geom::Affine::translate(d)), "copy": ev.mods.alt}),
@@ -477,6 +511,8 @@ impl Tool for DirectSelectionTool {
                 | State::TypeArea { began, .. },
             ) => {
                 self.state = State::Idle;
+                self.guides.clear();
+                (self.anchor_snap, self.move_snap) = (None, None);
                 if began { vec![Action::Commit] } else { vec![] }
             }
             (PointerKind::Up, State::Handle { .. } | State::SpineHandle { .. }) => {
@@ -517,7 +553,7 @@ impl Tool for DirectSelectionTool {
                 if !self.group {
                     out.extend(frame_overlays(cx));
                 }
-                if matches!(self.state, State::Handle { .. }) {
+                if matches!(self.state, State::Handle { .. } | State::MoveAnchors { .. } | State::MoveObject { .. }) {
                     out.extend(self.guides.iter().cloned());
                 }
                 if let Some((id, p)) = self.hover.filter(|_| matches!(self.state, State::Idle)) {
@@ -793,4 +829,92 @@ mod tests {
         let a = t.pointer(&cx, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Drag, 150.0, 81.0));
         assert!(matches!(&a[..], [Action::Begin(_), Action::Preview(c, _)] if c == "object.transform"), "{a:?}");
     }
+
+    /// [`doc_with_rect`] (A, 100..200) and a second square B, 300..400: (A, B).
+    fn two_squares() -> (vectorcraft_doc::Document, NodeId, NodeId) {
+        let (mut d, a) = doc_with_rect();
+        let l = d.layers[0].id;
+        let b = d.alloc_id();
+        let sq = vectorcraft_geom::shapes::rectangle(Rect::new(300.0, 300.0, 400.0, 400.0));
+        d.insert(Some(l), 1, vectorcraft_doc::Node::path(b, sq, vectorcraft_doc::Appearance::default_art())).unwrap();
+        (d, a, b)
+    }
+
+    /// The anchors `anchors` of path `id` direct-selected.
+    fn anchors_of(id: NodeId, anchors: &[AnchorRef]) -> Selection {
+        let mut s = Selection::default();
+        s.set([id]);
+        s.anchors.insert(id, anchors.iter().copied().collect());
+        s
+    }
+
+    /// Press at `from`, drag to `to`: the move the drag previews, and the smart guide labels shown.
+    fn drag(t: &mut DirectSelectionTool, cx: &ToolContext, from: (f64, f64), to: (f64, f64), mods: Mods) -> (Value, Vec<String>) {
+        t.pointer(cx, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Down, from.0, from.1).with_mods(mods));
+        let a = t.pointer(cx, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Drag, to.0, to.1).with_mods(mods));
+        let Some(Action::Preview(_, v)) = a.last() else { panic!("{a:?}") };
+        let labels = t
+            .overlays(cx)
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter_map(|o| match o {
+                Overlay::Label { text, .. } => Some(text),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .collect();
+        assert_eq!(t.pointer(cx, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Up, to.0, to.1).with_mods(mods)), vec![Action::Commit]);
+        assert!(t.overlays(cx).iter().all(|o| !matches!(o, Overlay::Label { .. })), "the guides go with the drag");
+        (v.clone(), labels)
+    }
+
+    /// A dragged anchor lands on another path's anchor or segment, lines up with the other anchors
+    /// of its own path, and with several selected the one pressed on snaps, the others following.
+    #[test]
+    fn dragged_anchors_snap_to_points_segments_and_smart_guides() {
+        let (d, _, b) = two_squares();
+        let p = paint();
+        let none = Mods::default();
+        let one = anchors_of(b, &[(0, 0)]);
+        let c = cx(&d, &one, &p);
+        let mut t = DirectSelectionTool::new(false);
+        // B's top-left corner, pressed 1 pt off, onto A's bottom-right one.
+        let (v, labels) = drag(&mut t, &c, (301.0, 301.0), (203.0, 199.0), none);
+        assert_eq!((v, labels), (json!({"dx": -100.0, "dy": -100.0}), vec!["anchor".to_string()]));
+        // Onto A's right side.
+        let (v, labels) = drag(&mut t, &c, (300.0, 300.0), (203.0, 150.0), none);
+        assert_eq!((v, labels), (json!({"dx": -100.0, "dy": -150.0}), vec!["path".to_string()]));
+        // In line with B's own bottom-left corner, which stays put.
+        let (v, labels) = drag(&mut t, &c, (300.0, 300.0), (303.0, 330.0), none);
+        assert_eq!((v, labels), (json!({"dx": 0.0, "dy": 30.0}), vec!["align".to_string()]));
+        // Shift keeps the move at 45° steps, unsnapped.
+        let (v, labels) = drag(&mut t, &c, (300.0, 300.0), (203.0, 199.0), Mods { shift: true, ..none });
+        let s = move_delta(Point::new(300.0, 300.0), Point::new(203.0, 199.0), true);
+        assert_eq!((v, labels), (json!({"dx": s.x, "dy": s.y}), vec![]));
+        // Two anchors: the one pressed on (B's top-right) lands on A's corner.
+        let two = anchors_of(b, &[(0, 0), (0, 1)]);
+        let c = cx(&d, &two, &p);
+        let (v, _) = drag(&mut t, &c, (400.0, 300.0), (202.0, 198.0), none);
+        assert_eq!(v, json!({"dx": -200.0, "dy": -100.0}));
+        // Smart Guides off: Snap to Point pulls within its distance (2 px) only.
+        let c = ToolContext { smart_guides: false, ..cx(&d, &one, &p) };
+        assert_eq!(drag(&mut t, &c, (300.0, 300.0), (201.0, 199.0), none).0, json!({"dx": -100.0, "dy": -100.0}));
+        assert_eq!(drag(&mut t, &c, (300.0, 300.0), (203.0, 199.0), none).0, json!({"dx": -97.0, "dy": -101.0}));
+        let c = ToolContext { smart_guides: false, snap_to_point: false, ..cx(&d, &one, &p) };
+        assert_eq!(drag(&mut t, &c, (300.0, 300.0), (201.0, 199.0), none).0, json!({"dx": -99.0, "dy": -101.0}));
+    }
+
+    /// Group Selection (and Direct Selection on a whole path) moves objects snapping as the
+    /// Selection tool does: B's left side lines up with A's right one.
+    #[test]
+    fn moved_objects_snap_with_smart_guides() {
+        let (d, _, b) = two_squares();
+        let p = paint();
+        let mut s = Selection::default();
+        s.set([b]);
+        let c = cx(&d, &s, &p);
+        for group in [true, false] {
+            let mut t = DirectSelectionTool::new(group);
+            let (v, _) = drag(&mut t, &c, (350.0, 350.0), (253.0, 351.0), Mods::default());
+            assert_eq!(v["matrix"], json!([1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, -100.0, 1.0]), "group: {group}");
+        }
+    }
 }

crates/tools/src/guides.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
-//! Smart Guides: snapping to anchors, object bounds (edges/centres), artboards, with the magenta
-//! construction lines and labels Illustrator users expect.
+//! Smart Guides: snapping to anchors, path segments (for dragged anchors), object bounds
+//! (edges/centres), artboards, with the magenta construction lines and labels Illustrator users
+//! expect.
 
 use vectorcraft_doc::hit::{HitOptions, hit_test};
-use vectorcraft_doc::{Document, NodeId, NodeKind, OrientedBox};
-use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, Point, Rect, Vec2};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{Document, NodeId, NodeKind, OrientedBox, Selection};
+use vectorcraft_geom::kurbo::ParamCurveNearest;
+use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, Line, ParamCurve, PathSeg, Point, Rect, SubPath, Vec2};
 
 use crate::bbox::Handle;
 use crate::{Overlay, ToolContext};
@@ -39,20 +41,67 @@ pub struct Targets {
     points: Vec<(Point, Kind)>,
     xs: Vec<(f64, Point, Kind)>,
     ys: Vec<(f64, Point, Kind)>,
+    /// Path segments and their control bounds, which a point lands on ("path"): gathered only for
+    /// dragged anchors ([`Self::for_anchor_drag`]).
+    segments: Vec<(Rect, PathSeg)>,
 }
 
+/// How many anchors, and how many segments, the targets gather at most.
+const BUDGET: usize = 20_000;
+
 impl Targets {
     pub fn collect(doc: &Document, exclude: &[NodeId], visible: Option<Rect>) -> Self {
-        Self::collect_inner(doc, exclude, None, visible)
+        Self::collect_inner(doc, exclude, None, visible, false)
     }
 
     /// Targets for dragging artboard `index`: everything except that artboard and `exclude` (the
     /// art that moves along with it).
     pub fn for_artboard(doc: &Document, index: usize, exclude: &[NodeId]) -> Self {
-        Self::collect_inner(doc, exclude, Some(index), None)
+        Self::collect_inner(doc, exclude, Some(index), None, false)
     }
 
-    fn collect_inner(doc: &Document, exclude: &[NodeId], skip_artboard: Option<usize>, visible: Option<Rect>) -> Self {
+    /// Targets for dragging the direct-selected anchors of `sel` (and its objects selected as a
+    /// whole): the other art, its path segments too, and the anchors and segments that stay put on
+    /// the paths being reshaped (their bounds move along, so they are no targets).
+    pub fn for_anchor_drag(doc: &Document, sel: &Selection) -> Self {
+        let mut t = Self::collect_inner(doc, &sel.objects, None, None, true);
+        let (mut anchors, mut segments) = (BUDGET, BUDGET);
+        for (id, set) in &sel.anchors {
+            let Some(path) = doc.node(*id).and_then(|n| n.path_data()) else { continue };
+            for (si, sp) in path.subpaths.iter().enumerate() {
+                let moving = |ai: usize| set.contains(&(si, ai));
+                for a in sp.anchors.iter().enumerate().filter(|(ai, _)| !moving(*ai)).map(|(_, a)| a.p).take(anchors) {
+                    t.points.push((a, Kind::Anchor));
+                    t.xs.push((a.x, a, Kind::Anchor));
+                    t.ys.push((a.y, a, Kind::Anchor));
+                    anchors -= 1;
+                }
+                t.push_segments(sp, moving, &mut segments);
+            }
+        }
+        t
+    }
+
+    /// The segments of `sp` that stay put while the anchors `moving` accepts move, as targets, at
+    /// most `budget` of them (counted down).
+    fn push_segments(&mut self, sp: &SubPath, moving: impl Fn(usize) -> bool, budget: &mut usize) {
+        let n = sp.anchors.len();
+        for seg in 0..sp.segment_count() {
+            if *budget == 0 {
+                return;
+            }
+            if moving(seg) || moving((seg + 1) % n) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let c = sp.segment(seg);
+            let bounds = Rect::from_points(c.p0, c.p1).union_pt(c.p2).union_pt(c.p3);
+            // A straight one as a line, so the point lands on it exactly.
+            self.segments.push((bounds, if sp.segment_is_line(seg) { PathSeg::Line(Line::new(c.p0, c.p3)) } else { PathSeg::Cubic(c) }));
+            *budget -= 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn collect_inner(doc: &Document, exclude: &[NodeId], skip_artboard: Option<usize>, visible: Option<Rect>, segments: bool) -> Self {
         let mut t = Targets::default();
         let excluded = |id: NodeId| exclude.iter().any(|e| doc.ancestry(id).is_some_and(|a| a.contains(e)));
         let add_rect = |t: &mut Targets, r: Rect, kind: Kind| {
@@ -74,7 +123,7 @@ impl Targets {
                 add_rect(&mut t, doc.setup.bleed_rect(ab.rect), Kind::Bleed);
             }
         }
-        let mut budget = 20_000usize;
+        let (mut budget, mut segment_budget) = (BUDGET, BUDGET);
         doc.walk(|n| {
             if budget == 0 || n.is_container() || !n.visible || excluded(n.id) {
                 return;
@@ -91,6 +140,11 @@ impl Targets {
                     t.points.push((a.p, Kind::Anchor));
                     budget = budget.saturating_sub(1);
                 }
+                if segments {
+                    for sp in &path.subpaths {
+                        t.push_segments(sp, |_| false, &mut segment_budget);
+                    }
+                }
             }
             add_rect(&mut t, b, Kind::Edge);
         });
@@ -103,6 +157,7 @@ impl Targets {
         self.points.retain(|(_, k)| *k == Kind::Anchor);
         self.xs.clear();
         self.ys.clear();
+        self.segments.clear();
         if cx.guides {
             for g in &cx.doc.guides {
                 let (lines, at) = if g.vertical { (&mut self.xs, Point::new(g.pos, 0.0)) } else { (&mut self.ys, Point::new(0.0, g.pos)) };
@@ -140,11 +195,15 @@ impl Targets {
         t
     }
 
-    /// Snap a single point. Returns the snapped point and guide overlays.
+    /// Snap a single point: onto the nearest anchor or centre, else onto the nearest segment, else
+    /// into line with targets. Returns the snapped point and guide overlays.
     pub fn snap_point(&self, p: Point, tol: f64) -> (Point, Vec<Overlay>) {
         if let Some((q, k)) = self.points.iter().filter(|(q, _)| q.distance(p) <= tol).min_by(|a, b| a.0.distance(p).total_cmp(&b.0.distance(p))) {
             return (*q, vec![Overlay::Label { p: *q, text: k.label().into(), color: MAGENTA }]);
         }
+        if let Some(q) = self.on_segment(p, tol) {
+            return (q, vec![Overlay::Label { p: q, text: Kind::Edge.label().into(), color: MAGENTA }]);
+        }
         let mut out = p;
         let mut ov = vec![];
         if let Some((x, from, _)) =
@@ -165,6 +224,17 @@ impl Targets {
         (out, ov)
     }
 
+    /// The nearest point within `tol` of `p` on a target segment.
+    fn on_segment(&self, p: Point, tol: f64) -> Option<Point> {
+        self.segments
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|(b, _)| b.inflate(tol, tol).contains(p))
+            .map(|(_, c)| (c, c.nearest(p, 1e-6)))
+            .filter(|(_, n)| n.distance_sq <= tol * tol)
+            .min_by(|a, b| a.1.distance_sq.total_cmp(&b.1.distance_sq))
+            .map(|(c, n)| c.eval(n.t))
+    }
+
     /// Snap a ruler guide at `v` (the x of a vertical one, the y of a horizontal one) into line
     /// with the nearest edge, centre or anchor within `tol`: where it goes, and a label there.
     pub fn snap_guide(&self, vertical: bool, v: f64, tol: f64) -> (f64, Vec<Overlay>) {
@@ -335,19 +405,44 @@ pub fn snap_draw(cx: &ToolContext, p: Point, exclude: &[NodeId]) -> (Point, Vec<
 /// Snap `p` to pixels or the grid when they are on, else to the smart guide `targets`, else (Snap
 /// to Point) to their anchors and the ruler guides within the Snap to Point distance.
 fn snap_with(cx: &ToolContext, p: Point, targets: impl FnOnce() -> Targets) -> (Point, Vec<Overlay>) {
-    if cx.snap_to_pixel {
-        return (Point::new(p.x.round(), p.y.round()), vec![]);
+    PointSnap::new(cx, targets).snap(cx, p)
+}
+
+/// Snapping for a dragged point, its targets gathered once (when the drag begins): what
+/// [`snap_draw`] does for a point at a time.
+pub struct PointSnap {
+    /// The smart guide targets, or with Smart Guides off those of Snap to Point, and how near (in
+    /// screen pixels) they pull; none with pixels or the grid snapping instead, or nothing on.
+    targets: Option<(Targets, f64)>,
+}
+
+impl PointSnap {
+    pub fn new(cx: &ToolContext, targets: impl FnOnce() -> Targets) -> Self {
+        let targets = if cx.snap_to_pixel || cx.snap_to_grid {
+            None
+        } else if cx.smart_guides {
+            Some((targets(), 5.0))
+        } else if cx.snap_to_point {
+            Some((targets().for_snap_to_point(cx), cx.snap_tolerance))
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        Self { targets }
     }
-    if cx.snap_to_grid {
-        return (vectorcraft_geom::snap::snap_point_to_grid(p, cx.grid_step()), vec![]);
+
+    /// Where `p` goes, and the guides showing why.
+    pub fn snap(&self, cx: &ToolContext, p: Point) -> (Point, Vec<Overlay>) {
+        if cx.snap_to_pixel {
+            return (Point::new(p.x.round(), p.y.round()), vec![]);
+        }
+        if cx.snap_to_grid {
+            return (vectorcraft_geom::snap::snap_point_to_grid(p, cx.grid_step()), vec![]);
+        }
+        match &self.targets {
+            Some((t, tol)) => t.snap_point(p, cx.tol(*tol)),
+            None => (p, vec![]),
+        }
     }
-    if cx.smart_guides {
-        return targets().snap_point(p, cx.tol(5.0));
-    }
-    if cx.snap_to_point {
-        return targets().for_snap_to_point(cx).snap_point(p, cx.tol(cx.snap_tolerance));
-    }
-    (p, vec![])
 }
 
 /// Where a dragged direction handle of anchor `ai` of subpath `si` of path `id` goes for the
@@ -453,4 +548,20 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(nr, Rect::new(250.0, 100.0, 300.0, 102.0));
         assert!(ov.is_empty());
     }
+
+    /// Dragging an anchor of a path: its other anchors and the segments not touching it stay
+    /// targets, but neither it nor the path's bounds (which move) are.
+    #[test]
+    fn anchor_drag_targets_leave_out_what_moves() {
+        let (d, id) = doc_with_rect();
+        let mut s = Selection::default();
+        s.set([id]);
+        s.anchors.insert(id, [(0, 0)].into_iter().collect());
+        let t = Targets::for_anchor_drag(&d, &s);
+        let anchors: Vec<Point> = t.points.iter().filter(|(_, k)| *k == Kind::Anchor).map(|(p, _)| *p).collect();
+        assert_eq!(anchors, [Point::new(200.0, 100.0), Point::new(200.0, 200.0), Point::new(100.0, 200.0)]);
+        assert_eq!(t.segments.len(), 2);
+        assert!(!t.points.iter().any(|(p, k)| *k == Kind::Center && *p == Point::new(150.0, 150.0)), "the rect's centre moves");
+        assert_eq!(t.snap_point(Point::new(101.0, 99.0), 4.0).0, Point::new(100.0, 100.0), "in line with its neighbours, not on itself");
+    }
 }

crates/tools/src/select.rs

@@ -12,10 +12,11 @@
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_doc::hit::{hit_test, marquee, objects_at};
 use vectorcraft_doc::{NodeId, OrientedBox};
-use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, Point, Rect};
+use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, Point, Rect, Vec2};
 
 use crate::bbox::{Handle, hit_handle, in_rotate_zone, move_delta, rotate_for_drag, scale_for_drag};
 use crate::corners::{self, CornerDrag, over_widget};
+use crate::guides::Targets;
 use crate::rulerguide::GuideEdit;
 use crate::{Action, Cursor, Mods, Overlay, PointerEvent, PointerKind, Tool, ToolContext, json_ids};
 
@@ -55,14 +56,54 @@ pub struct SelectionTool {
     state: State,
     measure: Option<(Point, String)>,
     guides: Vec<Overlay>,
-    targets: Option<crate::guides::Targets>,
-    /// View → Snap to Point (Smart Guides off): the anchors and ruler guides the grabbed point
-    /// lands on while moving.
-    points: Option<crate::guides::Targets>,
-    start_bounds: Option<Rect>,
+    /// What a bounding-box handle being dragged snaps to.
+    targets: Option<Targets>,
+    moving: Option<MoveSnap>,
     guide: GuideEdit,
 }
 
+/// Snapping for the selection moved as a whole, its targets gathered when the move begins: Smart
+/// Guides line its bounds up with the other art; with them off, View → Snap to Point lands the
+/// point it was grabbed by on an anchor or a ruler guide; Snap to Pixel puts its top-left on whole
+/// pixels.
+pub(crate) struct MoveSnap {
+    bounds: Option<Rect>,
+    targets: Option<Targets>,
+    points: Option<Targets>,
+}
+
+impl MoveSnap {
+    pub(crate) fn new(cx: &ToolContext) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            bounds: selection_bounds(cx),
+            targets: cx.smart_guides.then(|| Targets::collect(cx.doc, &cx.selection.objects, None)),
+            points: Targets::snap_to_point(cx, &cx.selection.objects),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The move by `d` of the selection grabbed at `start`, snapped, and its guides.
+    pub(crate) fn snap(&self, cx: &ToolContext, start: Point, mut d: Vec2) -> (Vec2, Vec<Overlay>) {
+        let mut guides = vec![];
+        if let Some(t) = &self.points {
+            let (q, ov) = t.snap_point(start + d, cx.tol(cx.snap_tolerance));
+            d = q - start;
+            guides = ov;
+        }
+        if let (Some(t), Some(b)) = (&self.targets, self.bounds) {
+            let (adj, ov) = t.snap_rect(b + d, cx.tol(5.0));
+            d += adj;
+            guides = ov;
+        }
+        if cx.snap_to_pixel
+            && let Some(b) = self.bounds
+        {
+            d = Vec2::new((b.x0 + d.x).round() - b.x0, (b.y0 + d.y).round() - b.y0);
+            guides.clear();
+        }
+        (d, guides)
+    }
+}
+
 pub fn matrix_json(a: Affine) -> Value {
     let c = a.as_coeffs();
     json!([c[0], c[1], c[2], c[3], c[4], c[5]])
@@ -155,7 +196,7 @@ impl Tool for SelectionTool {
                             // Only area type: the step resizes type areas; anything else scales.
                             let label = if areas && cx.selection.objects.iter().all(is_area) { "Resize Type Area" } else { "Scale" };
                             // Smart Guides align what the handle moves with the other objects.
-                            self.targets = cx.smart_guides.then(|| crate::guides::Targets::collect(cx.doc, &cx.selection.objects, None));
+                            self.targets = cx.smart_guides.then(|| Targets::collect(cx.doc, &cx.selection.objects, None));
                             self.state = State::Scaling { handle, bx, areas };
                             return vec![Action::Begin(label.into())];
                         }
@@ -211,31 +252,11 @@ impl Tool for SelectionTool {
                         return out;
                     }
                     out.push(Action::Begin(if m.alt { "Copy".into() } else { "Move".into() }));
+                    self.moving = Some(MoveSnap::new(cx));
                 }
                 let mut d = move_delta(start, p, m.shift);
-                if !began {
-                    self.start_bounds = selection_bounds(cx);
-                    self.targets = cx.smart_guides.then(|| crate::guides::Targets::collect(cx.doc, &cx.selection.objects, None));
-                    self.points = crate::guides::Targets::snap_to_point(cx, &cx.selection.objects);
-                }
-                self.guides.clear();
-                // Snap to Point: the point the selection was grabbed by lands on an anchor or guide.
-                if let Some(t) = &self.points {
-                    let (q, ov) = t.snap_point(start + d, cx.tol(cx.snap_tolerance));
-                    d = q - start;
-                    self.guides = ov;
-                }
-                if let (Some(t), Some(b)) = (&self.targets, self.start_bounds) {
-                    let (adj, ov) = t.snap_rect(b + d, cx.tol(5.0));
-                    d += adj;
-                    self.guides = ov;
-                }
-                // Snap to Pixel: the moved selection's top-left lands on whole pixels.
-                if cx.snap_to_pixel
-                    && let Some(b) = self.start_bounds
-                {
-                    d = vectorcraft_geom::Vec2::new((b.x0 + d.x).round() - b.x0, (b.y0 + d.y).round() - b.y0);
-                    self.guides.clear();
+                if let Some(snap) = &self.moving {
+                    (d, self.guides) = snap.snap(cx, start, d);
                 }
                 self.state = State::Moving { start, began: true, deselect: None };
                 self.measure = Some((p, cx.offset_label(d.x, d.y)));
@@ -279,8 +300,7 @@ impl Tool for SelectionTool {
                 self.state = State::Idle;
                 self.measure = None;
                 self.guides.clear();
-                self.targets = None;
-                self.points = None;
+                self.moving = None;
                 match (began, deselect) {
                     (true, _) => vec![Action::Commit],
                     (false, Some(id)) => vec![Action::Exec("select.toggle".into(), json!({ "id": id.0 }))],

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/about.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ pub(super) fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
         .collapsible(false)
         .resizable(false)
         .open(&mut open)
-        .anchor(egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, [0.0, 0.0])
+        .pivot(egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER)
+        .default_pos(ctx.content_rect().center())
         .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(18)))
         .show(ctx, |ui| {
             // Tabs: About · Contributors · Models (the credits are compiled in, see `credits`).

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/form.rs

@@ -17,16 +17,20 @@ pub(super) fn field(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str) {
 
 /// [`field`] `width` points wide.
 pub(super) fn field_w(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str, width: f32) {
-    let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
-    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).color(t.text_dim));
+    row_label(ui, label);
     text(ui, d, key, width);
     ui.end_row();
 }
 
-/// A labelled [`length`] field (one grid row).
-pub(super) fn length_field(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str, unit: Unit) {
+/// The label cell of a grid row.
+fn row_label(ui: &mut egui::Ui, label: &str) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).color(t.text_dim));
+}
+
+/// A labelled [`length`] field (one grid row).
+pub(super) fn length_field(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str, unit: Unit) {
+    row_label(ui, label);
     length(ui, d, key, unit, FIELD_W);
     ui.end_row();
 }
@@ -57,6 +61,30 @@ fn lengths(kind: &str) -> &'static [&'static str] {
     }
 }
 
+/// The fields of the form dialogs ([`grid`]) that come first, in this order (the others follow by
+/// name).
+fn order(kind: &str) -> &'static [&'static str] {
+    match kind {
+        "offsetPath" => &["offset", "joins", "miterLimit"],
+        "splitIntoGrid" => &["rows", "columns", "gutter"],
+        _ => &[],
+    }
+}
+
+/// The choices of a form dialog's ([`grid`]) dropdown field, as (value, label in the UI
+/// language); empty for a field typed as text.
+fn choices(kind: &str, key: &str) -> Vec<(&'static str, &'static str)> {
+    // The axes in the "axis" context: some languages read the plain Horizontal and Vertical as
+    // type orientations.
+    let axis = |value, label| (value, crate::i18n::tr_ctx(crate::i18n::current(), "axis", label));
+    match (kind, key) {
+        ("offsetPath", "joins") => vec![("miter", tl!("Miter")), ("round", tl!("Round")), ("bevel", tl!("Bevel"))],
+        ("average", "axis") => vec![axis("horizontal", "Horizontal"), axis("vertical", "Vertical"), axis("both", "Both")],
+        ("reflect" | "shear", "axis") => vec![axis("horizontal", "Horizontal"), axis("vertical", "Vertical")],
+        _ => vec![],
+    }
+}
+
 /// A text field `width` wide bound to `d.fields[key]`. Returns true when it changed.
 pub(super) fn text(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, width: f32) -> bool {
     text_edit(ui, d, key, width).changed()
@@ -111,30 +139,49 @@ pub(super) fn check(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str) {
 /// A dropdown row bound to the string `d.fields[key]`: `label` in a column `widths.0` wide, the
 /// dropdown `widths.1` wide; `options` are (value, label).
 pub(super) fn choice(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, label: &str, widths: (f32, f32), options: &[(&str, &str)]) {
+    crate::widgets::label_row(ui, label, widths.0, |ui| dropdown(ui, d, key, widths.1, options, false));
+}
+
+/// A dropdown `width` wide bound to the string `d.fields[key]`; `options` are (value, label), the
+/// labels shown as they are when `translated` (else the dropdown translates them). A value that
+/// isn't among them shows as it is.
+fn dropdown(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, width: f32, options: &[(&str, &str)], translated: bool) {
     let cur = d.str(key);
     let shown = options.iter().find(|(v, _)| v.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&cur)).map_or(cur.as_str(), |(_, l)| l);
     let labels: Vec<&str> = options.iter().map(|(_, l)| *l).collect();
-    crate::widgets::label_row(ui, label, widths.0, |ui| {
-        if let Some((value, _)) = crate::widgets::dropdown(ui, key, shown, &labels, widths.1).and_then(|i| options.get(i)) {
-            d.fields.insert(key.into(), json!(value));
-        }
-    });
+    let chosen = if translated {
+        crate::widgets::dropdown_names(ui, key, shown, &labels, width)
+    } else {
+        crate::widgets::dropdown(ui, key, shown, &labels, width)
+    };
+    if let Some((value, _)) = chosen.and_then(|i| options.get(i)) {
+        d.fields.insert(key.into(), json!(value));
+    }
 }
 
-/// The generic dialog body: a field per non-boolean value (positions and indices hidden), the
-/// distances in `unit`.
+/// The generic dialog body: a field per non-boolean value (positions, indices and UI-only keys
+/// hidden) in the kind's [`order`], the distances in `unit`, the [`choices`] as dropdowns.
 pub(super) fn grid(ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog, unit: Unit) {
-    let lengths = lengths(&d.kind);
+    let (lengths, first) = (lengths(&d.kind), order(&d.kind));
+    let mut keys: Vec<String> = d
+        .fields
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|(k, v)| !matches!(k.as_str(), "x" | "y" | "origin" | "index") && !k.starts_with("__") && !v.is_boolean())
+        .map(|(k, _)| k.clone())
+        .collect();
+    // Stable: the fields `order` doesn't name keep their order after the ones it does.
+    keys.sort_by_key(|k| first.iter().position(|f| f == k).unwrap_or(first.len()));
     egui::Grid::new("dlg").num_columns(2).spacing([10.0, 8.0]).show(ui, |ui| {
-        let keys: Vec<(String, Value)> = d.fields.iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), v.clone())).collect();
-        for (k, v) in keys {
-            if k == "x" || k == "y" || k == "origin" || k == "index" || v.is_boolean() {
-                continue;
-            }
+        for k in keys {
+            let options = choices(&d.kind, &k);
             if lengths.contains(&k.as_str()) {
                 length_field(ui, d, &k, &humanized(&k), unit);
-            } else {
+            } else if options.is_empty() {
                 field(ui, d, &k, &humanized(&k));
+            } else {
+                row_label(ui, &humanized(&k));
+                dropdown(ui, d, &k, FIELD_W, &options, true);
+                ui.end_row();
             }
         }
     });

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/mod.rs

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ pub mod layer_options;
 pub mod layers_panel_options;
 pub mod liquify;
 pub mod missing_links;
+pub(crate) mod modal;
 pub mod new_color_group;
 mod new_document;
 pub mod new_swatch;
@@ -99,7 +100,6 @@ pub use save_pdf::{open as open_save_pdf, open_preset as open_pdf_preset};
 pub use tools::open_tool_dialog;
 
 use crate::state::Dialog;
-use crate::theme::{self, Tokens};
 use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 
 type DialogResult = Result<Value, String>;
@@ -342,62 +342,48 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     if let Some(window) = spec.window {
         return window(app, ctx);
     }
-    let t = Tokens::get(ctx);
     let mut ok = false;
     let mut cancel = false;
     let mut discard = false;
-    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("modal-dim")).order(egui::Order::Middle).fixed_pos(egui::pos2(0.0, 0.0)).show(ctx, |ui| {
-        // Modal, but the canvas isn't dimmed so previews stay readable (as in the reference app).
-        ui.allocate_rect(ctx.content_rect(), egui::Sense::click());
-    });
     let heading = (spec.heading)(&d);
-    egui::Window::new(heading.as_str())
-        // One window per kind, so a dialog never inherits another dialog's size.
-        .id(egui::Id::new(("dialog", d.kind.as_str())))
-        .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
-        .collapsible(false)
-        .resizable(false)
-        .title_bar(false)
-        .anchor(egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, [0.0, -40.0])
-        .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(MARGIN)))
-        .show(ctx, |ui| {
-            // Never wider than the window (a large UI scale in a small window): the text wraps.
-            let room = (ctx.content_rect().width() - 2.0 * (f32::from(MARGIN) + EDGE_GAP)).max(EDGE_GAP);
-            ui.set_min_width(spec.min_width.min(room));
-            ui.set_max_width(spec.max_width.map_or(room, |w| w.min(room)));
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(heading.as_str()).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
-            ui.add_space(12.0);
-            // Just opened: its first field takes the keyboard focus, as in the reference app (type a
-            // value, press Enter). Only the body's fields can take it.
-            if focus_first {
-                ui.data_mut(|m| m.insert_temp(widgets::dialog_focus_flag(), true));
+    modal::show(ctx, &heading, egui::Id::new(("dialog", d.kind.as_str())), -40.0, MARGIN, |ui| {
+        // Never wider than the window (a large UI scale in a small window): the text wraps.
+        let room = (ctx.content_rect().width() - 2.0 * (f32::from(MARGIN) + EDGE_GAP)).max(EDGE_GAP);
+        ui.set_min_width(spec.min_width.min(room));
+        ui.set_max_width(spec.max_width.map_or(room, |w| w.min(room)));
+        modal::heading(ui, &heading);
+        ui.add_space(12.0);
+        // Just opened: its first field takes the keyboard focus, as in the reference app (type a
+        // value, press Enter). Only the body's fields can take it.
+        if focus_first {
+            ui.data_mut(|m| m.insert_temp(widgets::dialog_focus_flag(), true));
+        }
+        cancel = (spec.body)(app, ui, &mut d);
+        // Taken (the flag is gone): done. Still there (the window's measuring frame): next frame.
+        if focus_first && ui.data_mut(|m| m.remove_temp::<bool>(widgets::dialog_focus_flag())).is_none() {
+            ui.data_mut(|m| m.remove::<bool>(focus_id));
+        }
+        ui.add_space(16.0);
+        // The button row is as wide as the fields above it and as tall as the buttons: a
+        // right-to-left layout would otherwise take all the room left in the window, so the
+        // window could never shrink to its content.
+        let row = egui::vec2(ui.min_rect().width(), ui.spacing().interact_size.y);
+        ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(row, egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+            if let Some(label) = spec.ok.map(|ok| spec.ok_label.map_or(ok, |f| f(app)))
+                && widgets::primary_button(ui, label).clicked()
+            {
+                ok = true;
             }
-            cancel = (spec.body)(app, ui, &mut d);
-            // Taken (the flag is gone): done. Still there (the window's measuring frame): next frame.
-            if focus_first && ui.data_mut(|m| m.remove_temp::<bool>(widgets::dialog_focus_flag())).is_none() {
-                ui.data_mut(|m| m.remove::<bool>(focus_id));
+            ui.add_space(8.0);
+            if widgets::secondary_button(ui, if spec.ok.is_some() { "Cancel" } else { "Close" }).clicked() {
+                cancel = true;
+            }
+            if let Some(label) = spec.discard {
+                ui.add_space(28.0);
+                discard = widgets::secondary_button(ui, label).clicked();
             }
-            ui.add_space(16.0);
-            // The button row is as wide as the fields above it and as tall as the buttons: a
-            // right-to-left layout would otherwise take all the room left in the window, so the
-            // window could never shrink to its content.
-            let row = egui::vec2(ui.min_rect().width(), ui.spacing().interact_size.y);
-            ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(row, egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                if let Some(label) = spec.ok.map(|ok| spec.ok_label.map_or(ok, |f| f(app)))
-                    && widgets::primary_button(ui, label).clicked()
-                {
-                    ok = true;
-                }
-                ui.add_space(8.0);
-                if widgets::secondary_button(ui, if spec.ok.is_some() { "Cancel" } else { "Close" }).clicked() {
-                    cancel = true;
-                }
-                if let Some(label) = spec.discard {
-                    ui.add_space(28.0);
-                    discard = widgets::secondary_button(ui, label).clicked();
-                }
-            });
         });
+    });
     if spec.ok.is_some() && ctx.input(|i| i.key_pressed(egui::Key::Enter)) {
         ok = true;
     }
@@ -482,3 +468,6 @@ mod tests_scale;
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_perspective;
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests_modal;

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/modal.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+//! The modal dialog window: a backdrop that keeps the rest of the app from taking clicks, and a
+//! window with no title bar that opens centred and moves by dragging its heading (the band from its
+//! top edge down to the heading), as a title bar would. Where it was moved to stays, per window, for
+//! the session, and the window never leaves the screen.
+
+use egui::{Id, Rect, Vec2};
+
+use crate::theme::{self, Tokens};
+
+/// Show the modal dialog window `id` (`title` is its accessible name), `nudge` points below the
+/// screen's centre until it is moved, with `margin` inside its frame. `add` draws the contents and
+/// should start with [`heading`] (or [`drag_band`]) so the window can be moved.
+pub(crate) fn show<R>(ctx: &egui::Context, title: &str, id: Id, nudge: f32, margin: i8, add: impl FnOnce(&mut egui::Ui) -> R) -> Option<R> {
+    let t = Tokens::get(ctx);
+    egui::Area::new(Id::new("modal-dim")).order(egui::Order::Middle).fixed_pos(egui::Pos2::ZERO).show(ctx, |ui| {
+        // Modal, but the canvas isn't dimmed so previews stay readable (as in the reference app).
+        ui.allocate_rect(ctx.content_rect(), egui::Sense::click());
+    });
+    egui::Window::new(title)
+        .id(id)
+        .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
+        .collapsible(false)
+        .resizable(false)
+        .title_bar(false)
+        .anchor(egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, offset(ctx, id, nudge))
+        .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(margin)))
+        .show(ctx, add)
+        .and_then(|r| r.inner)
+}
+
+/// The dialog's heading, which also moves the window ([`drag_band`]).
+pub(crate) fn heading(ui: &mut egui::Ui, text: &str) {
+    let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
+    // Not selectable: a drag on it moves the window instead of selecting its text.
+    let r = ui.add(egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(text).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text)).selectable(false));
+    drag_band(ui, r.rect.bottom());
+}
+
+/// Make the band of the dialog window [`show`] draws `ui` in, from its top edge down to `bottom`, a
+/// handle that moves the window. Widgets added later on the band stay clickable (they sit above it).
+pub(crate) fn drag_band(ui: &mut egui::Ui, bottom: f32) {
+    let id = ui.layer_id().id;
+    // Last frame's rectangle: none while the window measures itself the first time it shows.
+    let Some(outer) = ui.ctx().memory(|m| m.area_rect(id)) else { return };
+    let band = Rect::from_x_y_ranges(outer.x_range(), outer.top()..=bottom.max(outer.top()));
+    let r = ui.interact(band, handle(id), egui::Sense::drag());
+    if r.dragged() {
+        ui.ctx().set_cursor_icon(egui::CursorIcon::Grabbing);
+    } else if r.hovered() {
+        ui.ctx().set_cursor_icon(egui::CursorIcon::Grab);
+    }
+}
+
+/// The drag handle of window `id`.
+fn handle(id: Id) -> Id {
+    id.with("modal-drag")
+}
+
+/// Where window `id` sits, from the screen's centre: `nudge` down until it is first moved. While
+/// its [`drag_band`] is dragged, where it sat when the drag began plus how far the pointer has moved
+/// since the press, kept on screen (applied before the window places itself, so it follows the
+/// pointer without a frame's lag).
+fn offset(ctx: &egui::Context, id: Id, nudge: f32) -> Vec2 {
+    let (key, start_key) = (id.with("modal-offset"), id.with("modal-drag-start"));
+    let offset = ctx.data(|m| m.get_temp::<Vec2>(key)).unwrap_or(egui::vec2(0.0, nudge));
+    let dragged = ctx.read_response(handle(id)).is_some_and(|r| r.dragged());
+    let moved = ctx.input(|i| Some(i.pointer.latest_pos()? - i.pointer.press_origin()?));
+    let (true, Some(moved), Some(rect)) = (dragged, moved, ctx.memory(|m| m.area_rect(id))) else {
+        ctx.data_mut(|m| m.remove::<Vec2>(start_key));
+        return offset;
+    };
+    let start = ctx.data_mut(|m| *m.get_temp_mut_or(start_key, offset));
+    let screen = ctx.content_rect();
+    let to = on_screen(Rect::from_center_size(screen.center() + start + moved, rect.size()), screen).center() - screen.center();
+    ctx.data_mut(|m| m.insert_temp(key, to));
+    to
+}
+
+/// `r` moved the least to lie inside `screen` (its top left inside when it is larger).
+fn on_screen(r: Rect, screen: Rect) -> Rect {
+    let x = r.left().min(screen.right() - r.width()).max(screen.left());
+    let y = r.top().min(screen.bottom() - r.height()).max(screen.top());
+    Rect::from_min_size(egui::pos2(x, y), r.size())
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_moved_window_stays_on_screen() {
+        let screen = Rect::from_min_size(egui::Pos2::ZERO, egui::vec2(800.0, 600.0));
+        let r = |x: f32, y: f32, w: f32, h: f32| Rect::from_min_size(egui::pos2(x, y), egui::vec2(w, h));
+        assert_eq!(on_screen(r(100.0, 100.0, 200.0, 100.0), screen), r(100.0, 100.0, 200.0, 100.0));
+        assert_eq!(on_screen(r(-50.0, 550.0, 200.0, 100.0), screen), r(0.0, 500.0, 200.0, 100.0));
+        assert_eq!(on_screen(r(700.0, -20.0, 200.0, 100.0), screen), r(600.0, 0.0, 200.0, 100.0));
+        // Larger than the screen: its top left stays in view.
+        assert_eq!(on_screen(r(-10.0, -10.0, 900.0, 700.0), screen), r(0.0, 0.0, 900.0, 700.0));
+    }
+}

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/new_document.rs

@@ -151,21 +151,9 @@ fn set_layout(d: &mut Dialog, key: &str, v: Value) {
     d.fields.insert("artboardLayout".into(), l);
 }
 
-/// The dimmed backdrop and a centred dialog window in the shared dialog style.
+/// The New Document dialog window `id` in the shared modal frame.
 fn window(ctx: &egui::Context, id: &str, margin: i8, add: impl FnOnce(&mut egui::Ui)) {
-    let t = Tokens::get(ctx);
-    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("modal-dim")).order(egui::Order::Middle).fixed_pos(egui::pos2(0.0, 0.0)).show(ctx, |ui| {
-        ui.allocate_rect(ctx.content_rect(), egui::Sense::click());
-    });
-    egui::Window::new(id)
-        .id(egui::Id::new(("dialog", id)))
-        .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
-        .collapsible(false)
-        .resizable(false)
-        .title_bar(false)
-        .anchor(egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, [0.0, -20.0])
-        .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(margin)))
-        .show(ctx, add);
+    super::modal::show(ctx, id, egui::Id::new(("dialog", id)), -20.0, margin, add);
 }
 
 /// What the buttons of a window asked for.
@@ -194,6 +182,9 @@ fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ctx);
     let mut b = Buttons::default();
     window(ctx, KIND, 0, |ui| {
+        // No heading: the top margin (14) and the empty part of the category tabs' row (30) move the
+        // window.
+        super::modal::drag_band(ui, ui.max_rect().top() + 44.0);
         ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
             egui::Frame::NONE.inner_margin(egui::Margin { left: 22, right: 14, top: 14, bottom: 18 }).show(ui, |ui| {
                 ui.vertical(|ui| {
@@ -489,7 +480,7 @@ fn show_more(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     const L: f32 = 150.0;
     window(ctx, MORE, 22, |ui| {
         ui.set_width(560.0);
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("More Settings")).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
+        super::modal::heading(ui, tl!("More Settings"));
         ui.add_space(12.0);
         widgets::label_row(ui, tl!("Name:"), L, |ui| {
             form::text(ui, &mut d, "name", 300.0);

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/path_ops.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-//! Path dialogs: Average, Offset Path, Simplify and Split Into Grid.
+//! Path dialogs: Average, Offset Path (with Preview), Simplify and Split Into Grid.
 
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 
-use super::{DialogSpec, run_and_close};
+use super::{DialogSpec, form, run_and_close};
 use crate::VectorcraftApp;
 use crate::state::Dialog;
 
-pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |d| title(&d.kind).into(), confirm, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |d| title(&d.kind).into(), body, confirm, preview: true, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
 
 fn title(kind: &str) -> &'static str {
     match kind {
@@ -17,14 +17,28 @@ fn title(kind: &str) -> &'static str {
     }
 }
 
-fn confirm(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, d: &Dialog) -> Result<Value, String> {
-    let (id, params) = match d.kind.as_str() {
+/// The command the dialog runs and its parameters.
+fn command(d: &Dialog) -> (&'static str, Value) {
+    match d.kind.as_str() {
         "average" => ("path.average", json!({"axis": d.str("axis")})),
         "offsetPath" => {
             ("object.path.offsetPath", json!({"offset": d.f64("offset", 10.0), "joins": d.str("joins"), "miterLimit": d.f64("miterLimit", 4.0)}))
         }
         "simplify" => ("object.path.simplify", json!({"tolerance": d.f64("tolerance", 1.0)})),
         _ => ("object.path.splitIntoGrid", json!({"rows": d.f64("rows", 2.0), "columns": d.f64("columns", 2.0), "gutter": d.f64("gutter", 12.0)})),
-    };
-    run_and_close(app, id, params)
+    }
+}
+
+fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
+    form::grid(ui, d, app.session.general_unit());
+    if d.kind == "offsetPath" {
+        let (id, params) = command(d);
+        form::preview(app, ui, d, "Offset Path", id, params);
+    }
+    false
+}
+
+fn confirm(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, d: &Dialog) -> Result<Value, String> {
+    let (id, params) = command(d);
+    if d.kind == "offsetPath" { form::commit_preview(app, id, params) } else { run_and_close(app, id, params) }
 }

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tests.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use serde_json::json;
 use vectorcraft_engine::Session;
 
 use super::*;
+use crate::theme;
 
 fn app() -> VectorcraftApp {
     let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), Default::default());

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tests_export.rs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::fileio;
 
 use super::*;
 use crate::Services;
+use crate::theme;
 
 pub(super) type Written = Rc<RefCell<Vec<(String, Vec<u8>)>>>;
 

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tests_import_pdf.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use vectorcraft_testkit::pdf::{PdfPage, pdf};
 
 use super::*;
 use crate::io;
+use crate::theme;
 
 fn app() -> VectorcraftApp {
     let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), Default::default());

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tests_modal.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+//! #423: modal dialogs move by their heading (and stay on screen and where they were moved), and
+//! the form dialogs' choice fields are dropdowns (Offset Path's Joins).
+
+use egui::{Event, Pos2, Rect, Vec2, vec2};
+use serde_json::json;
+use vectorcraft_engine::Session;
+
+use super::*;
+use crate::theme;
+
+const SCREEN: Vec2 = vec2(1280.0, 900.0);
+
+/// A context drawing the dialog layer in a 1280 × 900 window.
+fn ctx() -> egui::Context {
+    let ctx = egui::Context::default();
+    theme::install_fonts(&ctx);
+    theme::apply(&ctx, Default::default());
+    ctx
+}
+
+/// One frame of the dialog layer with `events`: every text drawn, with its screen rect.
+fn frame(ctx: &egui::Context, app: &mut VectorcraftApp, events: Vec<Event>) -> Vec<(String, Rect)> {
+    let input = egui::RawInput { screen_rect: Some(Rect::from_min_size(Pos2::ZERO, SCREEN)), events, ..Default::default() };
+    let mut out = ctx.run_ui(input, |ui| show(app, ui.ctx()));
+    out.textures_delta.clear();
+    fn collect(s: &egui::Shape, out: &mut Vec<(String, Rect)>) {
+        match s {
+            egui::Shape::Text(t) => out.push((t.galley.text().to_string(), t.visual_bounding_rect())),
+            egui::Shape::Vec(v) => v.iter().for_each(|s| collect(s, out)),
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+    let mut texts = vec![];
+    out.shapes.iter().for_each(|c| collect(&c.shape, &mut texts));
+    texts
+}
+
+fn button(pos: Pos2, pressed: bool) -> Event {
+    Event::PointerButton { pos, button: egui::PointerButton::Primary, pressed, modifiers: Default::default() }
+}
+
+/// Drag with the mouse from `from` by `by`, in steps, then let go.
+fn drag(ctx: &egui::Context, app: &mut VectorcraftApp, from: Pos2, by: Vec2) {
+    frame(ctx, app, vec![Event::PointerMoved(from), button(from, true)]);
+    for i in 1..=6 {
+        frame(ctx, app, vec![Event::PointerMoved(from + by * (i as f32 / 6.0))]);
+    }
+    frame(ctx, app, vec![button(from + by, false)]);
+    frame(ctx, app, vec![]);
+}
+
+fn click(ctx: &egui::Context, app: &mut VectorcraftApp, pos: Pos2) -> Vec<(String, Rect)> {
+    frame(ctx, app, vec![Event::PointerMoved(pos), button(pos, true)]);
+    frame(ctx, app, vec![button(pos, false)]);
+    frame(ctx, app, vec![])
+}
+
+/// Frames until a window that just opened has measured and placed itself.
+fn settle(ctx: &egui::Context, app: &mut VectorcraftApp) {
+    for _ in 0..6 {
+        frame(ctx, app, vec![]);
+    }
+}
+
+fn rect_of(ctx: &egui::Context, id: egui::Id) -> Rect {
+    ctx.memory(|m| m.area_rect(id)).expect("the dialog window was shown")
+}
+
+fn app_with_selection() -> VectorcraftApp {
+    let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), Default::default());
+    app.run("file.new", json!({"width": 400, "height": 400})).unwrap();
+    app.run("shape.rectangle", json!({"x": 100, "y": 100, "width": 80, "height": 60})).unwrap();
+    app
+}
+
+fn close_to(a: Vec2, b: Vec2) -> bool {
+    (a - b).length() < 1.5
+}
+
+/// Opens a dialog.
+type Open = fn(&mut VectorcraftApp);
+
+/// Every kind of modal window: the shared frame (Offset Path), and the ones drawing their own
+/// window (New Document without a heading, Preferences, Keyboard Shortcuts).
+#[test]
+fn dialogs_move_by_their_heading_stay_on_screen_and_where_they_were_moved() {
+    let screen = Rect::from_min_size(Pos2::ZERO, SCREEN);
+    let opens: [(&str, Open, egui::Id); 4] = [
+        ("Offset Path", |app| crate::menus::invoke(app, "object.path.offsetPath", json!({})), egui::Id::new(("dialog", "offsetPath"))),
+        ("New Document", open_new_document, egui::Id::new(("dialog", "newDocument"))),
+        ("Preferences", |app| crate::prefs_dialog::open(app, None), egui::Id::new("dialog-preferences")),
+        ("Keyboard Shortcuts", crate::shortcut_editor::open, egui::Id::new("dialog-shortcuts")),
+    ];
+    for (name, open, id) in opens {
+        let (ctx, mut app) = (ctx(), app_with_selection());
+        open(&mut app);
+        settle(&ctx, &mut app);
+        let start = rect_of(&ctx, id);
+        // Dragging the heading (the band from the top edge down to it) moves the window.
+        drag(&ctx, &mut app, start.left_top() + vec2(40.0, 10.0), vec2(-90.0, 50.0));
+        let moved = rect_of(&ctx, id);
+        assert!(close_to(moved.min - start.min, vec2(-90.0, 50.0)), "{name}: {start:?} → {moved:?}");
+        // A drag that starts below the heading (in the bottom margin) doesn't.
+        drag(&ctx, &mut app, moved.left_bottom() + vec2(6.0, -4.0), vec2(80.0, -80.0));
+        assert_eq!(rect_of(&ctx, id), moved, "{name}: dragging the body moved it");
+        // Dragged far past the window's edge, it stops at the edge.
+        drag(&ctx, &mut app, moved.left_top() + vec2(40.0, 10.0), vec2(5000.0, 5000.0));
+        let edge = rect_of(&ctx, id);
+        assert!(screen.contains_rect(edge.shrink(0.5)), "{name}: off screen at {edge:?}");
+        assert!((edge.right() - screen.right()).abs() < 1.5 && (edge.bottom() - screen.bottom()).abs() < 1.5, "{name}: {edge:?}");
+        // Closed and opened again (this session): where it was left.
+        app.ui.dialog = None;
+        frame(&ctx, &mut app, vec![]);
+        open(&mut app);
+        settle(&ctx, &mut app);
+        assert!(close_to(rect_of(&ctx, id).min - edge.min, Vec2::ZERO), "{name}: reopened at {:?}, left at {edge:?}", rect_of(&ctx, id));
+    }
+}
+
+/// Offset Path's Joins is a dropdown of Miter, Round and Bevel (it was a text field), listed after
+/// Offset; choosing Round runs the command with round joins.
+#[test]
+fn offset_path_joins_is_a_dropdown() {
+    let (ctx, mut app) = (ctx(), app_with_selection());
+    app.run("select.all", json!({})).unwrap();
+    crate::menus::invoke(&mut app, "object.path.offsetPath", json!({}));
+    frame(&ctx, &mut app, vec![]);
+    let texts = frame(&ctx, &mut app, vec![]);
+    let at = |texts: &[(String, Rect)], s: &str| texts.iter().find(|(t, _)| t == s).map(|(_, r)| *r);
+    let (offset, joins, miter) = (at(&texts, "Offset:").unwrap(), at(&texts, "Joins:").unwrap(), at(&texts, "Miter Limit:").unwrap());
+    assert!(offset.top() < joins.top() && joins.top() < miter.top(), "Offset, Joins, Miter Limit: {texts:?}");
+    let current = at(&texts, "Miter").expect("Joins shows its choice");
+    assert!(at(&texts, "miter").is_none(), "Joins is a text field: {texts:?}");
+    // The list: Miter, Round, Bevel.
+    let open = click(&ctx, &mut app, current.center());
+    for choice in ["Round", "Bevel"] {
+        assert!(at(&open, choice).is_some(), "{choice} isn't listed: {open:?}");
+    }
+    let round = at(&open, "Round").unwrap();
+    click(&ctx, &mut app, round.center());
+    assert_eq!(app.ui.dialog.as_ref().unwrap().fields["joins"], json!("round"));
+    // OK: the same result as the command with round joins (not miter).
+    confirm(&mut app).unwrap();
+    assert!(app.ui.dialog.is_none());
+    let made = |app: &VectorcraftApp| {
+        let st = app.session.doc().unwrap();
+        format!("{:?}", st.doc.node(st.selection.objects[0]).unwrap().kind)
+    };
+    let direct = |joins: &str| {
+        let mut app = app_with_selection();
+        app.run("select.all", json!({})).unwrap();
+        app.run("object.path.offsetPath", json!({"offset": 10, "joins": joins, "miterLimit": 4})).unwrap();
+        made(&app)
+    };
+    assert_eq!(made(&app), direct("round"));
+    assert_ne!(made(&app), direct("miter"));
+}
+
+/// The other form dialogs' choices are dropdowns too: Average's and Shear's axis.
+#[test]
+fn form_dialog_axes_are_dropdowns() {
+    for (id, shown) in [("path.average", "Both"), ("object.shear", "Horizontal"), ("object.reflect", "Vertical")] {
+        let (ctx, mut app) = (ctx(), app_with_selection());
+        app.run("select.all", json!({})).unwrap();
+        crate::menus::invoke(&mut app, id, json!({}));
+        frame(&ctx, &mut app, vec![]);
+        let texts = frame(&ctx, &mut app, vec![]);
+        assert!(texts.iter().any(|(t, _)| t == shown), "{id}: {texts:?}");
+        assert!(!texts.iter().any(|(t, _)| *t == shown.to_lowercase()), "{id} has a text field: {texts:?}");
+    }
+}
+
+/// The axis choices are translated in the "axis" context: in Japanese the plain Horizontal and
+/// Vertical are the type orientations (horizontal and vertical writing).
+#[test]
+fn axis_choices_read_as_axes_in_every_complete_language() {
+    use crate::i18n::{LANGUAGES, Lang, tr, tr_ctx};
+    let ja = Lang::from_code("ja").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(tr_ctx(ja, "axis", "Horizontal"), "水平方向");
+    assert_ne!(tr_ctx(ja, "axis", "Horizontal"), tr(ja, "Horizontal"));
+    for l in LANGUAGES.iter().filter(|l| l.complete_menus) {
+        for s in ["Horizontal", "Vertical", "Both"] {
+            assert!(l.source.lines().any(|line| line.starts_with(&format!("axis\t{s}\t"))), "{}: no axis row for {s}", l.code);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Offset Path previews on the canvas; Cancel rolls the preview back.
+#[test]
+fn offset_path_previews() {
+    let (ctx, mut app) = (ctx(), app_with_selection());
+    app.run("select.all", json!({})).unwrap();
+    let count = |app: &VectorcraftApp| app.session.doc().unwrap().doc.layers.iter().map(|l| l.children().map_or(0, |c| c.len())).sum::<usize>();
+    crate::menus::invoke(&mut app, "object.path.offsetPath", json!({}));
+    let texts = frame(&ctx, &mut app, vec![]);
+    let texts = if texts.is_empty() { frame(&ctx, &mut app, vec![]) } else { texts };
+    let preview = texts.iter().find(|(t, _)| t == "Preview").map(|(_, r)| *r).expect("a Preview checkbox");
+    click(&ctx, &mut app, preview.center());
+    frame(&ctx, &mut app, vec![]);
+    assert_eq!(count(&app), 2, "previewed");
+    cancel(&mut app);
+    assert_eq!(count(&app), 1, "rolled back");
+}

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tests_scale.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use serde_json::json;
 use vectorcraft_engine::Session;
 
 use super::*;
+use crate::theme;
 
 /// The save prompt's rect after a few frames in a window of `physical` pixels at UI scale `zoom`.
 fn prompt(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context, physical: egui::Vec2, zoom: f32) -> (egui::Rect, egui::Rect) {

crates/ui-egui/src/find_font.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use egui::Ui;
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 
 use crate::state::Dialog;
-use crate::theme::{self, Tokens};
+use crate::theme::Tokens;
 use crate::widgets;
 use crate::{VectorcraftApp, font_menu};
 
@@ -37,77 +37,66 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     let sample = font_menu::sample_text(app);
     let mut close = false;
     let mut act: Option<&str> = None;
-    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("modal-dim")).order(egui::Order::Middle).fixed_pos(egui::pos2(0.0, 0.0)).show(ctx, |ui| {
-        ui.allocate_rect(ctx.content_rect(), egui::Sense::click());
-    });
-    egui::Window::new(tl!("Find Font"))
-        .id(egui::Id::new("dialog-find-font"))
-        .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
-        .collapsible(false)
-        .resizable(false)
-        .title_bar(false)
-        .anchor(egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, [0.0, -40.0])
-        .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(22)))
-        .show(ctx, |ui: &mut Ui| {
-            ui.set_width(380.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Find Font")).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
-            ui.add_space(10.0);
-            widgets::subheader(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Fonts in Document: {count}"), &[("count", &list.len().to_string())]));
-            let sel = d.fields.get("selected").and_then(Value::as_u64).unwrap_or(0) as usize;
-            egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.input).stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.input_border)).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(4)).show(ui, |ui| {
-                ui.set_min_height(120.0);
-                ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
-                egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(160.0).show(ui, |ui| {
-                    for (i, f) in list.iter().enumerate() {
-                        let (note, color) = font_note(f);
-                        let label = format!("{} {}{note}  ({})", f["family"].as_str().unwrap_or(""), f["style"].as_str().unwrap_or(""), f["runs"]);
-                        let text = egui::RichText::new(label).color(color.unwrap_or(t.text));
-                        if ui.selectable_label(i == sel, text).clicked() {
-                            d.fields.insert("selected".into(), json!(i));
-                        }
+    crate::dialogs::modal::show(ctx, tl!("Find Font"), egui::Id::new("dialog-find-font"), -40.0, 22, |ui: &mut Ui| {
+        ui.set_width(380.0);
+        crate::dialogs::modal::heading(ui, tl!("Find Font"));
+        ui.add_space(10.0);
+        widgets::subheader(ui, &crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Fonts in Document: {count}"), &[("count", &list.len().to_string())]));
+        let sel = d.fields.get("selected").and_then(Value::as_u64).unwrap_or(0) as usize;
+        egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.input).stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.input_border)).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(4)).show(ui, |ui| {
+            ui.set_min_height(120.0);
+            ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
+            egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(160.0).show(ui, |ui| {
+                for (i, f) in list.iter().enumerate() {
+                    let (note, color) = font_note(f);
+                    let label = format!("{} {}{note}  ({})", f["family"].as_str().unwrap_or(""), f["style"].as_str().unwrap_or(""), f["runs"]);
+                    let text = egui::RichText::new(label).color(color.unwrap_or(t.text));
+                    if ui.selectable_label(i == sel, text).clicked() {
+                        d.fields.insert("selected".into(), json!(i));
                     }
-                });
-            });
-            ui.add_space(10.0);
-            widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Replace With Font"));
-            let fam = d.str("family");
-            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                // Picks the font only: nothing is previewed on the document.
-                let pick = font_menu::font_menu(ui, "ff-family", &fam, 220.0, sample.as_deref(), font_menu::MenuLook::of(app));
-                if let Some((f, style)) = font_menu::picked(app, pick) {
-                    d.fields.insert("family".into(), json!(f));
-                    d.fields.insert("style".into(), json!(style.unwrap_or_default()));
                 }
-                let styles = vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global().styles(&d.str("family"));
-                // "(closest)" is ours; the font's style names are shown as they are.
-                let closest = tl!("(closest)");
-                let mut opts: Vec<&str> = vec![closest];
-                opts.extend(styles.iter().map(String::as_str));
-                let style = d.str("style");
-                let cur = if style.is_empty() { closest } else { style.as_str() };
-                if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown_names(ui, "ff-style", cur, &opts, 120.0) {
-                    d.fields.insert("style".into(), json!(if i == 0 { String::new() } else { styles[i - 1].clone() }));
-                }
-            });
-            ui.add_space(14.0);
-            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                let has = sel < list.len();
-                if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new(tl!("Find"))).clicked() {
-                    act = Some("find");
-                }
-                if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new(tl!("Change"))).on_hover_text(tl!("In the selected objects")).clicked() {
-                    act = Some("change");
-                }
-                if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new(tl!("Change All"))).clicked() {
-                    act = Some("changeAll");
-                }
-                ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                    if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("Done")).clicked() {
-                        close = true;
-                    }
-                });
             });
         });
+        ui.add_space(10.0);
+        widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Replace With Font"));
+        let fam = d.str("family");
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            // Picks the font only: nothing is previewed on the document.
+            let pick = font_menu::font_menu(ui, "ff-family", &fam, 220.0, sample.as_deref(), font_menu::MenuLook::of(app));
+            if let Some((f, style)) = font_menu::picked(app, pick) {
+                d.fields.insert("family".into(), json!(f));
+                d.fields.insert("style".into(), json!(style.unwrap_or_default()));
+            }
+            let styles = vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global().styles(&d.str("family"));
+            // "(closest)" is ours; the font's style names are shown as they are.
+            let closest = tl!("(closest)");
+            let mut opts: Vec<&str> = vec![closest];
+            opts.extend(styles.iter().map(String::as_str));
+            let style = d.str("style");
+            let cur = if style.is_empty() { closest } else { style.as_str() };
+            if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown_names(ui, "ff-style", cur, &opts, 120.0) {
+                d.fields.insert("style".into(), json!(if i == 0 { String::new() } else { styles[i - 1].clone() }));
+            }
+        });
+        ui.add_space(14.0);
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            let has = sel < list.len();
+            if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new(tl!("Find"))).clicked() {
+                act = Some("find");
+            }
+            if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new(tl!("Change"))).on_hover_text(tl!("In the selected objects")).clicked() {
+                act = Some("change");
+            }
+            if ui.add_enabled(has, egui::Button::new(tl!("Change All"))).clicked() {
+                act = Some("changeAll");
+            }
+            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("Done")).clicked() {
+                    close = true;
+                }
+            });
+        });
+    });
     let sel = d.fields.get("selected").and_then(Value::as_u64).unwrap_or(0) as usize;
     if let (Some(a), Some(from)) = (act, list.get(sel)) {
         let r = match a {
@@ -157,7 +146,7 @@ mod tests {
         app.session.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 40, "text": "Hi", "font": "Missing Family"})).unwrap();
         open(&mut app);
         let ctx = egui::Context::default();
-        theme::install_fonts(&ctx);
+        crate::theme::install_fonts(&ctx);
         let mut out = ctx.run_ui(egui::RawInput::default(), |ui| show(&mut app, ui.ctx()));
         out.textures_delta.clear();
         let d = app.ui.dialog.clone().unwrap();

crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/es.tsv

@@ -3013,3 +3013,11 @@
 	Version	Versión
 	% of all commits	% de todos los commits
 	Lines +/−	Líneas +/−
+	Joins	Uniones
+	Miter	Inglete
+	Bevel	Bisel
+	Offset	Desplazamiento
+	Axis	Eje
+axis	Horizontal	Horizontal
+axis	Vertical	Vertical
+axis	Both	Ambos

crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/ja.tsv

@@ -3002,3 +3002,11 @@
 	Version	バージョン
 	% of all commits	全コミットに占める割合
 	Lines +/−	行数 +/−
+	Joins	角の形状
+	Miter	マイター
+	Bevel	ベベル
+	Offset	オフセット
+	Axis	軸
+axis	Horizontal	水平方向
+axis	Vertical	垂直方向
+axis	Both	両方

crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/zh-hans.tsv

@@ -3260,3 +3260,11 @@
 	Version	版本
 	% of all commits	占全部提交的百分比
 	Lines +/−	行数 +/−
+	Joins	连接
+	Miter	斜接
+	Bevel	斜角
+	Offset	偏移
+	Axis	轴
+axis	Horizontal	水平
+axis	Vertical	垂直
+axis	Both	两者

crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/zh-hant.tsv

@@ -3033,3 +3033,11 @@
 	Version	版本
 	% of all commits	佔全部提交的比例
 	Lines +/−	行數 +/−
+	Joins	轉角
+	Miter	尖角
+	Bevel	斜角
+	Offset	位移
+	Axis	軸
+axis	Horizontal	水平
+axis	Vertical	垂直
+axis	Both	兩者

crates/ui-egui/src/prefs_dialog.rs

@@ -122,81 +122,67 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     let Some(mut d) = app.ui.dialog.clone() else { return };
     let t = Tokens::get(ctx);
     let (mut ok, mut cancel, mut reset) = (false, false, false);
-    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("modal-dim")).order(egui::Order::Middle).fixed_pos(egui::pos2(0.0, 0.0)).show(ctx, |ui| {
-        ui.allocate_rect(ctx.content_rect(), egui::Sense::click());
-    });
     let cat = d.str("__category");
     let cat = PREF_CATEGORIES.iter().find(|c| **c == cat).copied().unwrap_or(PREF_CATEGORIES[0]);
-    egui::Window::new(tl!("Preferences"))
-        .id(egui::Id::new("dialog-preferences"))
-        .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
-        .collapsible(false)
-        .resizable(false)
-        .title_bar(false)
-        .anchor(egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, [0.0, -20.0])
-        .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(20)))
-        .show(ctx, |ui| {
-            ui.set_width(760.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Preferences")).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
-            ui.add_space(12.0);
-            ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
-                // Category list.
-                egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.panel_darker).corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(4)).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(6)).show(
-                    ui,
-                    |ui| {
-                        ui.set_width(196.0);
-                        ui.set_min_height(430.0);
-                        ui.vertical(|ui| {
-                            ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.y = 1.0;
-                            for c in PREF_CATEGORIES {
-                                let sel = *c == cat;
-                                let text = egui::RichText::new(tl!(*c)).size(12.5).color(if sel { t.text_strong } else { t.text });
-                                let b = egui::Button::selectable(sel, text).frame_when_inactive(false).min_size(egui::vec2(184.0, 24.0));
-                                if ui.add(b).clicked() {
-                                    d.fields.insert("__category".into(), json!(c));
-                                }
-                            }
-                        });
-                    },
-                );
-                ui.add_space(14.0);
-                // Fields.
+    crate::dialogs::modal::show(ctx, tl!("Preferences"), egui::Id::new("dialog-preferences"), -20.0, 20, |ui| {
+        ui.set_width(760.0);
+        crate::dialogs::modal::heading(ui, tl!("Preferences"));
+        ui.add_space(12.0);
+        ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
+            // Category list.
+            egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.panel_darker).corner_radius(egui::CornerRadius::same(4)).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(6)).show(ui, |ui| {
+                ui.set_width(196.0);
+                ui.set_min_height(430.0);
                 ui.vertical(|ui| {
-                    ui.set_width(530.0);
-                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(cat)).font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text_strong));
-                    ui.add_space(8.0);
-                    egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt(("prefs", cat)).max_height(400.0).auto_shrink([false, false]).show(ui, |ui| {
-                        category_fields(ui, &mut d, cat);
-                    });
+                    ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.y = 1.0;
+                    for c in PREF_CATEGORIES {
+                        let sel = *c == cat;
+                        let text = egui::RichText::new(tl!(*c)).size(12.5).color(if sel { t.text_strong } else { t.text });
+                        let b = egui::Button::selectable(sel, text).frame_when_inactive(false).min_size(egui::vec2(184.0, 24.0));
+                        if ui.add(b).clicked() {
+                            d.fields.insert("__category".into(), json!(c));
+                        }
+                    }
                 });
             });
             ui.add_space(14.0);
-            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Reset Preferences"))
-                    .on_hover_text(tl!("Restore every preference to its default (applied on OK)"))
-                    .clicked()
-                {
-                    reset = true;
-                }
-                ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                    if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("OK")).clicked() {
-                        ok = true;
-                    }
-                    ui.add_space(8.0);
-                    if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Cancel")).clicked() {
-                        cancel = true;
-                    }
-                    ui.add_space(16.0);
-                    let i = PREF_CATEGORIES.iter().position(|c| *c == cat).unwrap_or(0);
-                    if ui.add_enabled(i + 1 < PREF_CATEGORIES.len(), egui::Button::new(tl!("Next"))).clicked() {
-                        d.fields.insert("__category".into(), json!(PREF_CATEGORIES[i + 1]));
-                    }
-                    if ui.add_enabled(i > 0, egui::Button::new(tl!("Previous"))).clicked() {
-                        d.fields.insert("__category".into(), json!(PREF_CATEGORIES[i - 1]));
-                    }
+            // Fields.
+            ui.vertical(|ui| {
+                ui.set_width(530.0);
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(cat)).font(theme::semibold(14.0)).color(t.text_strong));
+                ui.add_space(8.0);
+                egui::ScrollArea::vertical().id_salt(("prefs", cat)).max_height(400.0).auto_shrink([false, false]).show(ui, |ui| {
+                    category_fields(ui, &mut d, cat);
                 });
             });
         });
+        ui.add_space(14.0);
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Reset Preferences"))
+                .on_hover_text(tl!("Restore every preference to its default (applied on OK)"))
+                .clicked()
+            {
+                reset = true;
+            }
+            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("OK")).clicked() {
+                    ok = true;
+                }
+                ui.add_space(8.0);
+                if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Cancel")).clicked() {
+                    cancel = true;
+                }
+                ui.add_space(16.0);
+                let i = PREF_CATEGORIES.iter().position(|c| *c == cat).unwrap_or(0);
+                if ui.add_enabled(i + 1 < PREF_CATEGORIES.len(), egui::Button::new(tl!("Next"))).clicked() {
+                    d.fields.insert("__category".into(), json!(PREF_CATEGORIES[i + 1]));
+                }
+                if ui.add_enabled(i > 0, egui::Button::new(tl!("Previous"))).clicked() {
+                    d.fields.insert("__category".into(), json!(PREF_CATEGORIES[i - 1]));
+                }
+            });
+        });
+    });
     if reset {
         for (k, v) in Prefs::default().to_json().as_object().cloned().unwrap_or_default() {
             d.fields.insert(k, v);

crates/ui-egui/src/shortcut_editor.rs

@@ -521,178 +521,167 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             }
         }
     }
-    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("modal-dim")).order(egui::Order::Middle).fixed_pos(egui::pos2(0.0, 0.0)).show(ctx, |ui| {
-        ui.allocate_rect(ctx.content_rect(), egui::Sense::click());
-    });
-    egui::Window::new(tl!("Keyboard Shortcuts"))
-        .id(egui::Id::new("dialog-shortcuts"))
-        .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
-        .collapsible(false)
-        .resizable(false)
-        .title_bar(false)
-        .anchor(egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, [0.0, -20.0])
-        .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(20)))
-        .show(ctx, |ui| {
-            ui.set_width(640.0);
-            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Keyboard Shortcuts")).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text));
-            ui.add_space(10.0);
-            // Set row.
-            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Set:")).color(t.text_dim));
-                let cur = d.str("set");
-                let mut opts: Vec<&str> = PRESETS.to_vec();
-                if !PRESETS.contains(&cur.as_str()) {
-                    opts.push(CUSTOM);
-                }
-                // The sets listed are ours (translated); a set read from an imported file shows
-                // its name as it is.
-                if let Some(&name) = crate::dialogs::mixed_dropdown(ui, "kbset", &cur, &opts, 200.0, |_| true).and_then(|i| opts.get(i))
-                    && let Some(p) = preset(name)
-                {
-                    ov = p;
-                    d.fields.insert("set".into(), json!(name));
-                    d.fields.insert("__message".into(), json!(""));
-                }
-                ui.add_space(12.0);
-                if ui.button(tl!("Import…")).clicked() {
-                    d.fields.insert("__import".into(), json!(true));
-                }
-                if ui.button(tl!("Export…")).clicked() {
-                    d.fields.insert("__export".into(), json!(true));
-                }
-                if ui.button(tl!("Reset to Defaults")).clicked() {
-                    ov.clear();
-                    d.fields.insert("set".into(), json!(PRESETS[0]));
-                    d.fields.insert("__message".into(), json!(tl!("All shortcuts reset to defaults.")));
-                }
-            });
-            ui.add_space(8.0);
-            // Tabs + search.
-            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                let tab = d.str("tab");
-                for (id, label) in [("tools", "Tools"), ("menu", "Menu Commands")] {
-                    if ui.selectable_label(tab == id, egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).font(theme::semibold(12.5))).clicked() {
-                        d.fields.insert("tab".into(), json!(id));
-                    }
-                }
-                ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                    let mut q = d.str("query");
-                    if ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut q).hint_text(tl!("Search")).desired_width(200.0)).changed() {
-                        d.fields.insert("query".into(), json!(q));
-                    }
-                });
-            });
-            ui.add_space(6.0);
-            let tools = d.str("tab") != "menu";
-            let q = d.str("query").to_lowercase();
-            let selected = d.str("__selected");
-            let rec = d.str("__recording");
-            let scroll_to = d.fields.remove("__scrollTo").and_then(|v| v.as_str().map(str::to_string));
-            egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.input).stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.input_border)).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(4)).show(ui, |ui| {
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(egui::vec2(360.0, 16.0), egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                        ui.set_min_width(360.0);
-                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(if tools { tl!("Tool") } else { tl!("Command") }).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
-                    });
-                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Shortcut")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
-                });
-                egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(360.0).auto_shrink([false, false]).show(ui, |ui| {
-                    for e in entries().iter().filter(|e| e.is_tool == tools) {
-                        let sc = effective_in(&ov, &e.key);
-                        let matches = e.label.to_lowercase().contains(&q)
-                            || tl!(&e.label).to_lowercase().contains(&q)
-                            || e.group.to_lowercase().contains(&q)
-                            || tl!(&e.group).to_lowercase().contains(&q)
-                            || sc.as_deref().is_some_and(|s| s.to_lowercase().contains(&q));
-                        if !q.is_empty() && !matches {
-                            continue;
-                        }
-                        let row = ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                            let name = if e.is_tool || e.group.is_empty() {
-                                tl!(&e.label).to_string()
-                            } else {
-                                format!("{} › {}", tl!(&e.group), tl!(&e.label))
-                            };
-                            let r = ui
-                                .allocate_ui_with_layout(egui::vec2(360.0, 20.0), egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                                    ui.set_min_width(360.0);
-                                    ui.add(egui::Button::selectable(selected == e.key, egui::RichText::new(name).color(t.text)).truncate())
-                                })
-                                .inner;
-                            if r.clicked() {
-                                d.fields.insert("__selected".into(), json!(e.key));
-                            }
-                            let label = if rec == e.key {
-                                tl!("Press keys…").to_string()
-                            } else {
-                                sc.as_deref().map(menus::pretty_shortcut).unwrap_or_else(|| "—".into())
-                            };
-                            let changed = ov.contains_key(&e.key);
-                            let txt = egui::RichText::new(label).color(if changed { t.accent } else { t.text });
-                            let b = ui
-                                .add_sized([150.0, 20.0], egui::Button::new(txt).selected(rec == e.key))
-                                .on_hover_text(tl!("Click, then press the new shortcut (Esc cancels)"));
-                            if b.clicked() {
-                                d.fields.insert("__recording".into(), json!(e.key));
-                                d.fields.insert("__selected".into(), json!(e.key));
-                            }
-                        });
-                        if scroll_to.as_deref() == Some(e.key.as_str()) {
-                            row.response.scroll_to_me(Some(egui::Align::Center));
-                        }
-                    }
-                });
-            });
-            ui.add_space(6.0);
-            // Selected-row actions + message.
-            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                let sel = d.str("__selected");
-                ui.add_enabled_ui(!sel.is_empty(), |ui| {
-                    if ui.button(tl!("Clear")).on_hover_text(tl!("Remove the shortcut")).clicked() {
-                        let _ = assign(&mut ov, &sel, None, true);
-                        d.fields.insert("set".into(), json!(CUSTOM));
-                    }
-                    if ui.button(tl!("Use Default")).clicked() {
-                        reset_one(&mut ov, &sel);
-                    }
-                });
-                let conflict = d.str("__conflict");
-                if !conflict.is_empty() && ui.button(tl!("Go to Conflict")).clicked() {
-                    let tab = if conflict.starts_with("tool:") { "tools" } else { "menu" };
-                    d.fields.insert("tab".into(), json!(tab));
-                    d.fields.insert("query".into(), json!(""));
-                    d.fields.insert("__selected".into(), json!(conflict));
-                    d.fields.insert("__scrollTo".into(), json!(conflict));
-                    d.fields.insert("__conflict".into(), json!(""));
-                }
-            });
-            let msg = d.str("__message");
-            if !msg.is_empty() {
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(msg).color(t.accent_strong).size(11.5));
+    crate::dialogs::modal::show(ctx, tl!("Keyboard Shortcuts"), egui::Id::new("dialog-shortcuts"), -20.0, 20, |ui| {
+        ui.set_width(640.0);
+        crate::dialogs::modal::heading(ui, tl!("Keyboard Shortcuts"));
+        ui.add_space(10.0);
+        // Set row.
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Set:")).color(t.text_dim));
+            let cur = d.str("set");
+            let mut opts: Vec<&str> = PRESETS.to_vec();
+            if !PRESETS.contains(&cur.as_str()) {
+                opts.push(CUSTOM);
             }
-            let n = all_conflicts(&ov).len();
-            if n > 0 {
-                ui.label(
-                    egui::RichText::new(crate::i18n::tn(
-                        n as u64,
-                        "{n} shortcut is assigned more than once",
-                        "{n} shortcuts are assigned more than once",
-                    ))
-                    .color(t.text_dim)
-                    .size(11.0),
-                );
+            // The sets listed are ours (translated); a set read from an imported file shows
+            // its name as it is.
+            if let Some(&name) = crate::dialogs::mixed_dropdown(ui, "kbset", &cur, &opts, 200.0, |_| true).and_then(|i| opts.get(i))
+                && let Some(p) = preset(name)
+            {
+                ov = p;
+                d.fields.insert("set".into(), json!(name));
+                d.fields.insert("__message".into(), json!(""));
             }
             ui.add_space(12.0);
-            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("OK")).clicked() {
-                    ok = true;
+            if ui.button(tl!("Import…")).clicked() {
+                d.fields.insert("__import".into(), json!(true));
+            }
+            if ui.button(tl!("Export…")).clicked() {
+                d.fields.insert("__export".into(), json!(true));
+            }
+            if ui.button(tl!("Reset to Defaults")).clicked() {
+                ov.clear();
+                d.fields.insert("set".into(), json!(PRESETS[0]));
+                d.fields.insert("__message".into(), json!(tl!("All shortcuts reset to defaults.")));
+            }
+        });
+        ui.add_space(8.0);
+        // Tabs + search.
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            let tab = d.str("tab");
+            for (id, label) in [("tools", "Tools"), ("menu", "Menu Commands")] {
+                if ui.selectable_label(tab == id, egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).font(theme::semibold(12.5))).clicked() {
+                    d.fields.insert("tab".into(), json!(id));
                 }
-                ui.add_space(8.0);
-                if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Cancel")).clicked() {
-                    cancel = true;
+            }
+            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                let mut q = d.str("query");
+                if ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut q).hint_text(tl!("Search")).desired_width(200.0)).changed() {
+                    d.fields.insert("query".into(), json!(q));
                 }
             });
         });
+        ui.add_space(6.0);
+        let tools = d.str("tab") != "menu";
+        let q = d.str("query").to_lowercase();
+        let selected = d.str("__selected");
+        let rec = d.str("__recording");
+        let scroll_to = d.fields.remove("__scrollTo").and_then(|v| v.as_str().map(str::to_string));
+        egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.input).stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.input_border)).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(4)).show(ui, |ui| {
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.allocate_ui_with_layout(egui::vec2(360.0, 16.0), egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                    ui.set_min_width(360.0);
+                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(if tools { tl!("Tool") } else { tl!("Command") }).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
+                });
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Shortcut")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
+            });
+            egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(360.0).auto_shrink([false, false]).show(ui, |ui| {
+                for e in entries().iter().filter(|e| e.is_tool == tools) {
+                    let sc = effective_in(&ov, &e.key);
+                    let matches = e.label.to_lowercase().contains(&q)
+                        || tl!(&e.label).to_lowercase().contains(&q)
+                        || e.group.to_lowercase().contains(&q)
+                        || tl!(&e.group).to_lowercase().contains(&q)
+                        || sc.as_deref().is_some_and(|s| s.to_lowercase().contains(&q));
+                    if !q.is_empty() && !matches {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    let row = ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                        let name = if e.is_tool || e.group.is_empty() {
+                            tl!(&e.label).to_string()
+                        } else {
+                            format!("{} › {}", tl!(&e.group), tl!(&e.label))
+                        };
+                        let r = ui
+                            .allocate_ui_with_layout(egui::vec2(360.0, 20.0), egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+                                ui.set_min_width(360.0);
+                                ui.add(egui::Button::selectable(selected == e.key, egui::RichText::new(name).color(t.text)).truncate())
+                            })
+                            .inner;
+                        if r.clicked() {
+                            d.fields.insert("__selected".into(), json!(e.key));
+                        }
+                        let label = if rec == e.key {
+                            tl!("Press keys…").to_string()
+                        } else {
+                            sc.as_deref().map(menus::pretty_shortcut).unwrap_or_else(|| "—".into())
+                        };
+                        let changed = ov.contains_key(&e.key);
+                        let txt = egui::RichText::new(label).color(if changed { t.accent } else { t.text });
+                        let b = ui
+                            .add_sized([150.0, 20.0], egui::Button::new(txt).selected(rec == e.key))
+                            .on_hover_text(tl!("Click, then press the new shortcut (Esc cancels)"));
+                        if b.clicked() {
+                            d.fields.insert("__recording".into(), json!(e.key));
+                            d.fields.insert("__selected".into(), json!(e.key));
+                        }
+                    });
+                    if scroll_to.as_deref() == Some(e.key.as_str()) {
+                        row.response.scroll_to_me(Some(egui::Align::Center));
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        });
+        ui.add_space(6.0);
+        // Selected-row actions + message.
+        ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+            let sel = d.str("__selected");
+            ui.add_enabled_ui(!sel.is_empty(), |ui| {
+                if ui.button(tl!("Clear")).on_hover_text(tl!("Remove the shortcut")).clicked() {
+                    let _ = assign(&mut ov, &sel, None, true);
+                    d.fields.insert("set".into(), json!(CUSTOM));
+                }
+                if ui.button(tl!("Use Default")).clicked() {
+                    reset_one(&mut ov, &sel);
+                }
+            });
+            let conflict = d.str("__conflict");
+            if !conflict.is_empty() && ui.button(tl!("Go to Conflict")).clicked() {
+                let tab = if conflict.starts_with("tool:") { "tools" } else { "menu" };
+                d.fields.insert("tab".into(), json!(tab));
+                d.fields.insert("query".into(), json!(""));
+                d.fields.insert("__selected".into(), json!(conflict));
+                d.fields.insert("__scrollTo".into(), json!(conflict));
+                d.fields.insert("__conflict".into(), json!(""));
+            }
+        });
+        let msg = d.str("__message");
+        if !msg.is_empty() {
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(msg).color(t.accent_strong).size(11.5));
+        }
+        let n = all_conflicts(&ov).len();
+        if n > 0 {
+            ui.label(
+                egui::RichText::new(crate::i18n::tn(
+                    n as u64,
+                    "{n} shortcut is assigned more than once",
+                    "{n} shortcuts are assigned more than once",
+                ))
+                .color(t.text_dim)
+                .size(11.0),
+            );
+        }
+        ui.add_space(12.0);
+        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+            if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("OK")).clicked() {
+                ok = true;
+            }
+            ui.add_space(8.0);
+            if widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Cancel")).clicked() {
+                cancel = true;
+            }
+        });
+    });
     d.fields.insert("overrides".into(), serde_json::to_value(&ov).unwrap_or(json!({})));
     let import = d.fields.remove("__import").is_some();
     let export = d.fields.remove("__export").is_some();

crates/ui-egui/src/workspaces.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 
 use crate::state::{Dialog, DockTab, UiState};
-use crate::theme::{self, Tokens};
+use crate::theme::Tokens;
 use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -318,79 +318,66 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ctx);
     let (mut ok, mut cancel) = (false, false);
     let mut action: Option<(&str, Value)> = None;
-    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::new("modal-dim")).order(egui::Order::Middle).fixed_pos(egui::pos2(0.0, 0.0)).show(ctx, |ui| {
-        ui.allocate_rect(ctx.content_rect(), egui::Sense::click());
-    });
     let manage = d.kind == "manageWorkspaces";
-    egui::Window::new("Workspace")
-        .id(egui::Id::new("dialog-workspace"))
-        .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
-        .collapsible(false)
-        .resizable(false)
-        .title_bar(false)
-        .anchor(egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, [0.0, -40.0])
-        .frame(egui::Frame::window(&ctx.global_style()).fill(t.panel).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(22)))
-        .show(ctx, |ui| {
-            ui.set_width(340.0);
-            ui.label(
-                egui::RichText::new(if manage { tl!("Manage Workspaces") } else { tl!("New Workspace") }).font(theme::semibold(16.0)).color(t.text),
-            );
-            ui.add_space(12.0);
-            if manage {
-                egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.input).stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.input_border)).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(4)).show(ui, |ui| {
-                    ui.set_min_height(140.0);
-                    ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
-                    for n in names(&app.ui) {
-                        let builtin = is_builtin(&n);
-                        let shown = crate::panels::label_or_name(&n, builtin);
-                        let text = if builtin { egui::RichText::new(shown).color(t.text_dim) } else { egui::RichText::new(shown).color(t.text) };
-                        if ui.selectable_label(d.str("selected") == n, text).clicked() && !builtin {
-                            d.fields.insert("selected".into(), json!(n));
-                            d.fields.insert("name".into(), json!(n));
-                        }
+    crate::dialogs::modal::show(ctx, "Workspace", egui::Id::new("dialog-workspace"), -40.0, 22, |ui| {
+        ui.set_width(340.0);
+        crate::dialogs::modal::heading(ui, if manage { tl!("Manage Workspaces") } else { tl!("New Workspace") });
+        ui.add_space(12.0);
+        if manage {
+            egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.input).stroke(egui::Stroke::new(1.0, t.input_border)).inner_margin(egui::Margin::same(4)).show(ui, |ui| {
+                ui.set_min_height(140.0);
+                ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
+                for n in names(&app.ui) {
+                    let builtin = is_builtin(&n);
+                    let shown = crate::panels::label_or_name(&n, builtin);
+                    let text = if builtin { egui::RichText::new(shown).color(t.text_dim) } else { egui::RichText::new(shown).color(t.text) };
+                    if ui.selectable_label(d.str("selected") == n, text).clicked() && !builtin {
+                        d.fields.insert("selected".into(), json!(n));
+                        d.fields.insert("name".into(), json!(n));
                     }
-                });
-                ui.add_space(8.0);
-                let sel = d.str("selected");
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    let mut name = d.str("name");
-                    if ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut name).desired_width(180.0)).changed() {
-                        d.fields.insert("name".into(), json!(name));
-                    }
-                    if ui.button(tl!("New")).on_hover_text(tl!("Save the current layout under this name")).clicked() {
-                        action = Some(("window.workspace.new", json!({"name": d.str("name")})));
-                    }
-                    ui.add_enabled_ui(!sel.is_empty(), |ui| {
-                        if ui.button(tl!("Rename")).clicked() {
-                            action = Some(("window.workspace.rename", json!({"name": sel, "to": d.str("name")})));
-                        }
-                        if ui.button(tl!("Delete")).clicked() {
-                            action = Some(("window.workspace.delete", json!({"name": sel})));
-                        }
-                    });
-                });
-            } else {
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Name:")).color(t.text_dim));
-                    let mut name = d.str("name");
-                    let r = ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut name).desired_width(240.0));
-                    if r.changed() {
-                        d.fields.insert("name".into(), json!(name));
-                    }
-                });
-                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Saves the current bars, toolbar and panel layout.")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
-            }
-            ui.add_space(16.0);
-            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
-                if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("OK")).clicked() {
-                    ok = true;
-                }
-                ui.add_space(8.0);
-                if !manage && widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Cancel")).clicked() {
-                    cancel = true;
                 }
             });
+            ui.add_space(8.0);
+            let sel = d.str("selected");
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                let mut name = d.str("name");
+                if ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut name).desired_width(180.0)).changed() {
+                    d.fields.insert("name".into(), json!(name));
+                }
+                if ui.button(tl!("New")).on_hover_text(tl!("Save the current layout under this name")).clicked() {
+                    action = Some(("window.workspace.new", json!({"name": d.str("name")})));
+                }
+                ui.add_enabled_ui(!sel.is_empty(), |ui| {
+                    if ui.button(tl!("Rename")).clicked() {
+                        action = Some(("window.workspace.rename", json!({"name": sel, "to": d.str("name")})));
+                    }
+                    if ui.button(tl!("Delete")).clicked() {
+                        action = Some(("window.workspace.delete", json!({"name": sel})));
+                    }
+                });
+            });
+        } else {
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Name:")).color(t.text_dim));
+                let mut name = d.str("name");
+                let r = ui.add(egui::TextEdit::singleline(&mut name).desired_width(240.0));
+                if r.changed() {
+                    d.fields.insert("name".into(), json!(name));
+                }
+            });
+            ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!("Saves the current bars, toolbar and panel layout.")).color(t.text_dim).size(11.0));
+        }
+        ui.add_space(16.0);
+        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
+            if widgets::primary_button(ui, tl!("OK")).clicked() {
+                ok = true;
+            }
+            ui.add_space(8.0);
+            if !manage && widgets::secondary_button(ui, tl!("Cancel")).clicked() {
+                cancel = true;
+            }
         });
+    });
     if !manage && ctx.input(|i| i.key_pressed(egui::Key::Enter)) {
         ok = true;
     }

docs/mcp.md

@@ -269,8 +269,12 @@ without a path), `file.newFromTemplate {path}`, `file.revert` and `file.formatOp
 with the values a save would use). Without a path the save commands return `{dataBase64, name, folder?, warnings}`. A document saved as SVG or PDF
 remembers its options, so the next save reuses them. A PDF opened with `pages`, `cropTo` or `password` is only part
 of the file, so Save asks for a new name instead of writing it back.
-`file.documentColorMode {mode, convert?, intent?}` switches the document colour mode, converting its colours
-through the colour settings (`object.convertDocumentColorMode` is an alias kept for older scripts).
+`file.documentColorMode {mode, convert?, intent?, grays?}` switches the document colour mode, converting the colours of
+the art, symbols, pattern tiles and swatches through the colour settings (`object.convertDocumentColorMode` is an
+alias kept for older scripts). Gray colours stay Gray and print on the black plate only. RGB greys are colours like any
+other: to CMYK they separate through the profile into four-colour greys and a rich black, as Illustrator converts
+them. `grays: "black"` puts RGB greys with R = G = B on the black plate instead, K = their grey value (the inks Edit Colors ›
+Convert to Grayscale before the switch would give); other colours convert as usual.
 
 SVG import keeps what the canvas edits live. `<pattern>` becomes a pattern swatch. A `<symbol>` with `<use>` becomes a
 symbol (named after its `data-name`, else its id) with an instance per `<use>`; a `<use>` that shows it differently
@@ -370,7 +374,8 @@ and Separation and DeviceN inks become spot swatches the art links to at its tin
 (DeviceCMYK, or ICC-based with four components) keep their ink amounts: a CMYK JPEG as it is, any other as a CMYK TIFF
 (masked CMYK images, and ones with 1, 2 or 4 bits per sample, open in RGB with a warning). Placing a CMYK TIFF keeps it
 CMYK too.
-`colorMode: "rgb" | "cmyk"` opens any file in that mode instead, its colours converted as `file.documentColorMode` does:
+`colorMode: "rgb" | "cmyk"` opens any file in that mode instead, its colours converted as `file.documentColorMode` does
+(`grays` too):
 
 ```json
 {"name":"run_command","arguments":{"command":"document.pdfInfo","params":{"path":"/tmp/brochure.pdf","thumbnail":2,"cropTo":"trim"}}}