Fix #396: SVG type opens at the size it draws at

SVG import kept a <text>'s nominal font-size and left the scale of the
transforms and viewBox above it in the type's transform, so the Character
panel showed one size and the canvas drew another (7 pt under scale(3)
drew at 21 pt).

The importer now moves that scale into the type: the scale across the
baseline (the mean scale for type on a path) multiplies the size,
leading, baseline shift, character stroke weights and dashes and the
text path, and the transform keeps only the rest (a stretch along the
baseline, a skew, a rotation or a reflection). The type draws exactly as
before. Paints resolve in the grown text space, non-scaling strokes and
the stroke under the characters are worked out before the fold, the
factor is rounded to 6 significant digits (usvg's transforms are single
precision) and never pushes sizes past the Character panel's
0.1–1296 pt (the rest stays in the transform).

Tests: a group's, the text's own and a viewBox scale; rotated and scaled
text equal to the same text written at twice the size; stretch and skew;
type on a scaled path; the size limits; gradients on scaled text; SVG
export → import of scaled type (stable over two round trips).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

ROADMAP.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ VectorCraft is a clean-room, open-source, pure-Rust reimplementation of the Adob
 
 This file tracks **how far we are and what's left**. Time estimates are wall-clock hours of continuous Claude Opus 5.5 agent work (including builds and the CI gate), given both for **one agent** and for **4–6 parallel agents** on disjoint crates. They are counted from the remaining work (see [Parity estimate](#parity-estimate)), calibrated against measured throughput, and updated as work lands.
 
-_Last updated: 2026-10-08 (after M4.14–M4.98, M8.1–M8.20, M14.4–M14.7, the MCP prompts, resource templates, completions and logging, the 2026-10-07 issue fixes, the Layers panel rework and the 2026-10-08 community contributions: Pen and shape-tool modifiers, path editing, Layers, Artboards, Swatches/Brushes and dialogs, Japanese composition and PDF text, Hebrew/Arabic type, interface languages (Spanish among them), the font menu, saved selections, MCP and EPS, and the missing-font export warning (#319); see [Honest assessment](#honest-assessment-2026-10-05))._
+_Last updated: 2026-10-08 (after M4.14–M4.98, M8.1–M8.20, M14.4–M14.7, the MCP prompts, resource templates, completions and logging, the 2026-10-07 issue fixes, the Layers panel rework and the 2026-10-08 community contributions: Pen and shape-tool modifiers, path editing, Layers, Artboards, Swatches/Brushes and dialogs, Japanese composition and PDF text, Hebrew/Arabic type, interface languages (Spanish among them), the font menu, saved selections, MCP and EPS, the missing-font export warning (#319), open paths in the Shape Builder (#374), PDF/`.ai` import keeping strokes live and hidden and nested layers (#372), per-corner Live Corners (#381) and SVG type opening at the size it draws at (#396); see [Honest assessment](#honest-assessment-2026-10-05))._
 
 ## Where we are
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ since 2026-10-01.
 | **Bundled content:** brush, symbol, style and swatch libraries | ~30% | Ours are original and generated in code, and far fewer than Illustrator ships; brush and symbol libraries are still missing |
 | **Performance** | unverified | Multithreaded, off-thread rendering and caches are in place. The last budget run (2026-10-01, loaded machine) measured 290 ms for a 50k-path fit against a 16 ms budget. Re-run `vectorcraft-cli perf` on an idle machine |
 | **Robustness** | good, new | ~2,840 tests, property tests, no panics in shipped code (lints, the `guard` safety net, import fuzzing), Data Recovery. Missing: a corpus of real-world files, Windows/Linux/browser QA |
-| **Platforms and 1.0 polish** | ~60% | The macOS app and the web build work, and Finder opens every readable format with the macOS app (#295, #354); hybrid-graphics laptops render on the power-saving GPU by default (#306); web drops land in the document they were dropped on (#359); Windows/Linux packaging and accessibility are pending; an experimental, unsupported Windows 7 x64 OpenGL build exists (community-contributed, not verified by maintainers) |
+| **Platforms and 1.0 polish** | ~60% | The macOS app and the web build work, and Finder opens every readable format with the macOS app (#295, #354); hybrid-graphics laptops render on the power-saving GPU by default (#306); web drops land in the document they were dropped on (#359); a web page that loses its WebGPU device or WebGL context restarts its graphics with the same documents (#369); Windows/Linux packaging and accessibility are pending; an experimental, unsupported Windows 7 x64 OpenGL build exists (community-contributed, not verified by maintainers) |
 | **Agent automation** | beyond Illustrator | Every command, gesture and dialog is drivable over MCP, the CLI and the control channel |
 
 ### Where we're lacking (in priority order)
@@ -63,7 +63,8 @@ Ordered by how much each gap blocks someone from switching. Sizes are one-agent
    spell-check dictionary (open licence), Touch Type and Snap to Glyph. Vertical point, area and path type have
    initial support. 35–48 h across type core and advanced.
 5. **Brushes, symbols and libraries:** brush options depth; original brush, symbol and graphic-style libraries
-   generated in code (never Adobe's); dynamic symbols; Start Global Edit. 14–22 h.
+   generated in code (never Adobe's); dynamic symbols; Start Global Edit; brushes driven by pen tilt, bearing and
+   barrel rotation (6D art pens, #372), which needs tablet input beyond pressure on every platform. 20–32 h.
 6. **Automation:** Variables (data merge), a scripting surface over the command registry, batch. 8–12 h.
 7. **Views and windows:** multiple windows and arrange, Consolidate All Windows, video
    rulers. 15–25 h.
@@ -112,14 +113,14 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
   - **Shapes:** all shape tools (including Flare) and the line, arc, spiral and grid tools. Space held while dragging out a shape, line, arc, spiral or grid moves it at its current size. While a grid is dragged out, Up/Down change its rows (concentric dividers) and Left/Right its columns (radial dividers).
   - **Cutting:** Eraser, Scissors, Knife, Mirror & Cut, Line Cut and Rectangle Cut (real geometry, compound paths keep their holes).
   - **Transform:** Rotate, Reflect, Scale, Shear (click or Alt-click snaps the reference point to anchors and centres; Alt-click opens the tool's dialog, and a drag with Alt down at the release, from the press or pressed mid-drag, transforms a copy), Reshape, Free Transform (free and perspective distort and shear, switched by the keys held during a handle drag).
-  - **Live Corners:** drag a live rectangle's corner widgets (Selection or Direct Selection) to round all corners, with a radius readout. Corners stay circular when the rectangle is scaled unevenly or along its own sides when rotated (the radius keeps its size, or scales by the mean scale with Scale Corners on); only a shear distorts them.
+  - **Live Corners:** drag a live rectangle's corner widgets (Selection or Direct Selection) to round all corners, with a radius readout; with Direct Selection, select corner anchors to show and round just those corners (#381). Each corner keeps its own radius and kind (Round, Inverted Round, Chamfer): Alt-click a widget to cycle the kind, double-click it for the Corners dialog, and the Properties and Transform radius fields set the selected corners (`object.setLiveShape {corners, radius, kind}`). Corners stay circular when the rectangle is scaled unevenly or along its own sides when rotated (the radius keeps its size, or scales by the mean scale with Scale Corners on); only a shear distorts them.
   - **Pen:** Alt pressed in the middle of dragging out an anchor splits its handles and keeps the curve already shaped into it (only the outgoing handle follows the pointer); Space held while dragging out an anchor moves it, handles and all. Clicking the last anchor of the path being drawn retracts its outgoing handle (convert cursor), and dragging from it pulls out a new one on its own. Auto Add/Delete: over a selected path, a click on a segment adds an anchor and a click on an anchor deletes it (add and delete cursors); Shift held, or Preferences › General › Disable Auto Add/Delete, starts a new path instead.
   - **Graphs:** Column, Stacked Column, Bar, Stacked Bar, Line, Area, Scatter, Pie and Radar graph tools with Graph Data and Graph Type.
   - **Other:** Eyedropper, Gradient annotator, Artboard (Alt-drag duplicates an artboard, and its art with Move/Copy Artwork with Artboard on), Measure, Type, Hand, Zoom, Rotate View.
   - **Editing type:** double-clicking type with a selection tool switches to the Type tool with the caret where it was clicked.
   - **Temporary tools:** Cmd with any other tool drags with the selection tool used last (Selection, Direct Selection or Group Selection). Held Space pans and Cmd+Space zooms (Cmd+Alt+Space out) whatever the tool.
   - **Panel drag and drop:** art dragged off the canvas onto the Symbols panel becomes a symbol, onto the Swatches panel a pattern swatch and onto the Brushes panel an Art brush; a symbol dragged onto the canvas places an instance where it is dropped, and a brush dragged onto a path is applied to it.
-  - **Tool double-clicks:** double-clicking a tool's button opens its options: Hand fits the artboard in the window, Zoom shows 100 %, Rotate, Scale, Reflect and Shear open their Object › Transform dialogs, Gradient, Eyedropper, Blend and the Liquify tools their panels or options.
+  - **Tool double-clicks:** double-clicking a tool's button opens its options: Hand fits the artboard in the window, Zoom shows 100 %, Rotate, Scale, Reflect and Shear open their Object › Transform dialogs, the Selection, Direct Selection and Group Selection tools the Move dialog (Enter opens these seven tools' dialogs too), Gradient, Eyedropper, Blend and the Liquify tools their panels or options.
 - **Layers panel:** every layer, sublayer, group and object is a clickable row at any depth: a click highlights it and makes its layer current (new art goes there), Shift-click a range, Ctrl/Cmd-click toggles. Sublayers are no longer treated as objects: clicks, marquees, Select All and the Select menu take the art inside them, and each sublayer selects in its own colour. Selection squares on rows with selected art (click selects a row's art, Shift adds or removes; dragging the square moves the selection to another row, Alt copies), the eye and lock on every row with drag-down-the-column (one undo step), Ctrl/Cmd-click an eye for per-layer Outline, Alt-click an eye or lock to hide or lock the other layers (again: show or unlock them all), triangles with Alt to open or close everything inside, drag and drop rows above, below or into layers and groups with a drop line (Alt copies, the trash deletes), inline rename, Delete key on highlighted rows. Buttons and the full panel menu: New Layer/Sublayer (Alt: options, Ctrl: on top), Duplicate, Delete, Options for Selection, clipping mask, isolation, Locate Object, Merge Selected, Flatten Artwork, Collect in New Layer, Release to Layers (Sequence and Build), Reverse Order, Template, Hide/Outline/Lock Others and Show/Preview/Unlock All, Paste Remembers Layers, Panel Options (row size, thumbnails per kind, Show Layers Only). Layer Options: name, colour (presets or custom), Template, Lock, Show, Print, Preview (outline drawing and clicking) and Dim Images to %. Every operation is a command (`layer.move`, `layer.highlight`, `layer.merge`…) with validation against cycles and invalid nesting.
 - **Drawing aids:** Smart Guides and snapping (moving, and resizing by the bounding-box handles: the dragged edges align with the other objects; the Artboard tool snaps artboards, and their bleed, to other artboards, bleeds and art, the grid or whole pixels while moving, copying and resizing them, and the Transform panel shows and edits the active artboard's X/Y/W/H), guides dragged out of the rulers, and Draw Normal / Behind / Inside modes.
 - **Views:** the status bar's artboard navigator (first, previous, next, last; `view.goToArtboard`) goes to an artboard and fits it, and Fit Artboard in Window and Actual Size show the navigator's artboard. The Artboards panel highlights that active artboard: clicking a row makes it active (the Artboard tool's too, while it is chosen) as does clicking an artboard with the Artboard tool, double-clicking its number also fits it in the window and double-clicking its name renames it.
@@ -127,9 +128,9 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
   - Pathfinder (10 exact curve booleans), Offset, Outline Stroke, Simplify, Clean Up, Split Into Grid, Divide Objects Below. Object › Path › Remove Anchor Points (`path.removeAnchors`) removes the direct-selected anchors without opening their paths (the Delete key still deletes them with their segments): the neighbours keep their handle directions and their facing handles are refitted so one cubic follows the two old segments, and straight sides stay straight. The Delete Anchor Point tool uses the same refit. The Control bar, the contextual task bar, the Properties quick actions and the canvas context menu offer it when anchors are selected.
   - Live effects with previewing dialogs: Distort & Transform, Path, Convert to Shape, 15 Warp styles, Round Corners, Scribble, Effect → Pathfinder (all 10 operations, live on groups; several loose objects are grouped first, in one undo step), Color Adjustments (Brightness/Contrast, Curves, Levels, Hue/Saturation, Shift to Color, Temperature/Tint, on vectors, live type and embedded images), and raster drop shadow, glows and feather. SVG and PDF export keep live effects (geometry baked; SVG raster effects as filters).
 - **Type:** Text Wrap, Type on a Path effects (Rainbow/Skew/3D Ribbon/Stair Step/Gravity), Character and Paragraph Styles (override-preserving redefine), Area Type Options (rows/columns/inset/first baseline), threaded text across any closed shapes, Fit Headline. Area type resizes like Illustrator's type areas: a bounding-box handle drag (Selection tool) or Area Type Options Width/Height size the frame and the text reflows at its size (threads too); Direct Selection drags a frame corner or edge (`text.reshapeArea`). Point type still scales. Variable fonts list every named instance as a style of their family (Figtree Light to Black and their italics, Bahnschrift, Segoe UI Variable), and the instance chosen is shaped, drawn, outlined and measured at its axis settings; PDF and SVG embed it as that instance. Variation axis sliders are not done. Hebrew and Arabic are laid out right to left with the Unicode bidirectional algorithm (embedded Latin and numbers keep their direction, lines put in visual order after wrapping) in point, area and path type, with caret, selection and arrow keys in visual order; each paragraph's direction comes from its first strong character unless Paragraph Direction sets it (Paragraph panel with Show Indic Options, `text.setFormat {direction}`), and new type aligns to the start of its direction. SVG export outlines right-to-left text.
-- **Interface languages, vertical type:** VectorCraft ▸ Language (or Preferences ▸ User Interface) picks Automatic (the system locale) or a registered language, persisted as `interfaceLanguage`. Translations come from per-language catalogs (`i18n/*.tsv`): Traditional and Simplified Chinese, Japanese and Spanish (neutral international Spanish, for every `es-*` locale) cover the whole interface, Czech and Brazilian Portuguese every menu label, Brazilian Portuguese the shell's `tl!` literals too (tested); untranslated text stays English. Japanese and Chinese glyphs come from the craft-fonts build input (release builds) or the installed fonts, Czech and Spanish ones from the bundled UI fonts. The Basic toolbar's Type button holds Vertical Type in its flyout. Vertical Type, Vertical Area Type and Vertical Type on a Path create vertical text (columns right to left, upright CJK glyphs and marks with `vert` alternates, Latin and longer numbers on their side, two- and three-digit numbers set as tate-chu-yoko in one em of the column (kept whole when justified), upright glyphs centred on the column (tracked or justified too), point type's anchor on the first column's centre line); kinsoku (the strict set) applies to horizontal and vertical Japanese, and justified Japanese lines spread their room between characters (not inside Latin words); Paragraph panel › Mojikumi Set (shown with Preferences › Type › Show East Asian Options, `text.setFormat {mojikumi}`): None or Line-end Punctuation Half Width (new type's default, as in Illustrator; older documents and imported text keep None) shares one half-em space between consecutive punctuation, sets a closing mark ending a line half width, and puts a quarter em between Japanese and Latin letters or digits; Type ▸ Type Orientation switches existing text; caret, selection, hit testing and arrow keys follow the writing direction. Vertical text exports to PDF as real text and to SVG as outlines.
+- **Interface languages, vertical type:** VectorCraft ▸ Language (or Preferences ▸ User Interface) picks Automatic (the system locale) or a registered language, persisted as `interfaceLanguage`. Translations come from per-language catalogs (`i18n/*.tsv`): Traditional and Simplified Chinese, Japanese and Spanish (neutral international Spanish, for every `es-*` locale) cover the whole interface, Czech and Brazilian Portuguese every menu label, Brazilian Portuguese the shell's `tl!` literals too (tested); untranslated text stays English. Japanese and Chinese glyphs come from the craft-fonts build input (release builds) or the installed fonts, Czech and Spanish ones from the bundled UI fonts. The Basic toolbar's Type button holds Vertical Type in its flyout. Vertical Type, Vertical Area Type and Vertical Type on a Path create vertical text (columns right to left, upright CJK glyphs and marks with `vert` alternates, Latin and longer numbers on their side, two- and three-digit numbers set as tate-chu-yoko in one em of the column (kept whole when justified), upright glyphs centred on the column (tracked or justified too), point type's anchor on the first column's centre line); kinsoku (the strict set) applies to horizontal and vertical Japanese, and justified Japanese lines spread their room between characters (not inside Latin words); Paragraph panel › Mojikumi Set (shown with Preferences › Type › Show East Asian Options, `text.setFormat {mojikumi}`): None or Line-end Punctuation Half Width (new type's default, as in Illustrator; older documents and imported text keep None) shares one half-em space between consecutive punctuation, sets a closing mark ending a line half width, and puts a quarter em between Japanese and Latin letters or digits; Paragraph panel menu › Top-to-Top / Bottom-to-Bottom Leading measures leading from em box top to top (area type's first line touches the frame) or from baseline to baseline; Type ▸ Type Orientation switches existing text; caret, selection, hit testing and arrow keys follow the writing direction. Vertical text exports to PDF as real text and to SVG as outlines.
 - **Transparency:** opacity masks (clip/invert/disable/link), exported as SVG `<mask>` and PDF soft masks.
-- **Advanced art:** live Blends (steps/distance/smooth colour, editable spine, anchor-targeted Blend tool, faithful interpolation, knockout), Envelope Distort (warp/mesh/top object, Reset, full Envelope Options, mesh handles, Edit Contents; type, images, symbols, gradients, patterns and appearance distorted everywhere), Liquify tools with options and pen pressure, Puppet Warp with rotating pins, Perspective Grid with presets, movable planes and projected type (choosing a perspective tool shows the grid; Hide Grid hides it with the tool still chosen), Gradient Mesh, Shape Builder, Live Paint (every path an edge, open lines included), Image Trace (12 presets), pattern swatches with pattern editing mode, live Repeat (radial/grid/mirror).
+- **Advanced art:** live Blends (steps/distance/smooth colour, editable spine, anchor-targeted Blend tool, faithful interpolation, knockout), Envelope Distort (warp/mesh/top object, Reset, full Envelope Options, mesh handles, Edit Contents; type, images, symbols, gradients, patterns and appearance distorted everywhere), Liquify tools with options and pen pressure, Puppet Warp with rotating pins, Perspective Grid with presets, movable planes and projected type (choosing a perspective tool shows the grid; Hide Grid hides it with the tool still chosen), Gradient Mesh, Shape Builder (stroke-only open paths and lines cut the regions they cross and enclose regions of their own; Alt deletes their pieces; filled open paths count as closed), Live Paint (every path an edge, open lines included), Image Trace (12 presets), pattern swatches with pattern editing mode, live Repeat (radial/grid/mirror).
 - **Paint and appearance (M3):**
   - **Swatches:** names follow the colour model and are unique; Swatch Options (process/spot, Global, Gray/RGB/HSB/CMYK/Web, live preview); editing a global or spot swatch recolours every linked fill, stroke and text run in one undo step; multi-select and delete with confirmation; New Swatch and New Color Group dialogs (a group from the selected artwork's colours); swatches in colour groups convert, separate and count like any other. The Swatches panel selects ranges and whole groups, has a find field, and drags swatches to reorder, regroup or paint art; Add Used Colors, Select All Unused, Merge, Ungroup and Sort by Kind; a CMYK document keeps applied colours in CMYK. Swatch libraries: nine generated colour libraries and five gradient libraries in a library panel, saved and loaded as `.vcswatches`, `.gpl` or CSS. Tints of global and spot colours ("Name 40%") stay linked and separate as a percentage of their plate. Spot colours can be defined in Lab (Spot Colors options). A built-in [Registration] swatch prints on every plate.
   - **Colour:** a Color Picker (colour field, H/S/B/R/G/B channel slider, HSB/RGB/Lab/CMYK fields, hex, web-only snapping, out-of-gamut correction); the Color panel follows each colour's own model and Alt-click paints the other proxy; proxies look through groups and show "?" for mixed paint; Invert, Complement, Apply Last Color (`,`) and Apply Last Gradient (`.`) keep the colour model; every paint command feeds the recent colours. The Color Guide has 21 harmony rules, Steps and Variation options and Limit to Library. Adjust Color Balance (its Global mode shifts tints) and Saturate preview live; Edit Colors and Recolor also reach meshes, images and patterns. Recolor Artwork has colour reduction, five recolour methods, presets, Limit to Library, a colour-wheel Edit tab and Edit Color Group; a local Color Themes panel saves five-colour themes. Fill/Stroke chips open swatch and mixer popovers, panels have their shortcuts, and Eyedropper Options pick up and apply chosen attributes (Alt and Shift+Alt, image pixels). Fills and strokes can overprint (Attributes panel, Overprint Black options), and CMYK documents blend in inks on screen, in PDF and when flattening.
@@ -143,12 +144,12 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
 - **Colour, type and file workflows:** Recolor Artwork (dialog with harmonies), Edit Colors, Find & Replace, Change Case, Smart Punctuation, Guides, Lock/Hide Above, Transform Each, Rasterize.
 - **Fonts:** a font is found by any of its names (family and style in every language of its name table, legacy family/style pairs, PostScript name), so documents from other apps open with the font they name; Find Font and `text.fonts` say for each font whether it was found exactly, by another name, substituted or missing, and how many glyphs are missing. PDF and `.ai` import brings Japanese text back as live type: CID fonts without a ToUnicode map read through the standard CMaps, vertical columns (WMode 1) as vertical type, letter spacing as tracking; a glyph is live type only when the installed font (in the closest style of its family) draws the same glyph, and text in a font that isn't installed comes in as live type shown in the fallback font until the font is installed (exports that draw it — PDF, EPS, EMF/WMF, raster, SVG outlines or embedded fonts — warn that they wrote the fallback font; `textAs: outlines` keeps the PDF's embedded glyphs).
 - **Files (M4):**
-  - `.vectorcraft` (lossless JSON, compressed, atomic saves, save down to v1), Save As with a format chooser, Save a Copy, Revert, templates, Data Recovery after a crash, background save and export.
-  - SVG/SVGZ in and out with SVG Options, Preserve Editing, symbols, filters, rich text and physical units; PDF and PDF-compatible `.ai` in and out (layers, masks, editable text with type set along a curve coming back as type on a path, each artboard's art on its own page only, an `.ai`'s white page under its layers left out rather than coming in as art, spot colours, presets, security, marks and bleed, ICC output intents, raster effects, subset fonts, PDF/X, PDF layers, overprint, page thumbnails, fast web view, PDF 1.3). CMYK images keep their ink amounts from PDF import (and from placed CMYK TIFFs) to PDF export: a CMYK JPEG passes through unchanged, others stay CMYK (DeviceCMYK, or ICC-based CMYK in PDF/X-3/X-4) unless the Output settings convert them; the canvas shows them through the working CMYK profile (#320).
+  - `.vectorcraft` (lossless JSON, compressed, atomic saves, save down to v1), Save As with a format chooser, Save a Copy, Revert, templates, Data Recovery after a crash (browser tabs hold their copies with Web Locks too, so a background tab's copies are never taken for a crash's, and a tab repairs copies another removed when it resumes: #367), background save and export.
+  - SVG/SVGZ in and out with SVG Options, Preserve Editing, symbols, filters, rich text and physical units (SVG type under a transform or `viewBox` scale opens at the size it draws at, the scale moved into its size, leading, baseline shift and strokes, a stretch, skew or rotation kept as its transform: #396); PDF and PDF-compatible `.ai` in and out (layers, with hidden ones kept hidden with their art and nested ones as sublayers; strokes kept live, a fill and a stroke of one outline as one object; masks, editable text with type set along a curve coming back as type on a path, each artboard's art on its own page only, an `.ai`'s white page under its layers left out rather than coming in as art, spot colours, presets, security, marks and bleed, ICC output intents, raster effects, subset fonts, PDF/X, PDF layers, overprint, page thumbnails, fast web view, PDF 1.3). CMYK images keep their ink amounts from PDF import (and from placed CMYK TIFFs) to PDF export: a CMYK JPEG passes through unchanged, others stay CMYK (DeviceCMYK, or ICC-based CMYK in PDF/X-3/X-4) unless the Output settings convert them; the canvas shows them through the working CMYK profile (#320).
   - EPS and DXF in and out, EMF/WMF in and out; PNG (with PNG-8), JPEG, WebP, GIF, TIFF, BMP, Targa and layered PSD export. EPS import runs Illustrator's AGM/CoolType prologs (resource categories, `resourceforall`, `clipsave`/`cliprestore`, subarrays and substrings that share storage, the standard dictionaries in `systemdict`, `dictstack`, `internaldict`, executable filters, `cshow`, metadata skipped with `flushfile`), so Illustrator 30 EPS files open as vectors, and falls back to its palette TIFF preview. DXF TEXT justified Fit or Aligned spans its two points (stretched, or scaled as a whole).
   - Place and the Links panel, Package, File Info, Print with print presets, PostScript output and print tiling, slices and Save for Web, Export for Screens and Asset Export, CSS Properties, PNG/PDF/SVG/text clipboard flavours.
 - **Performance:** 20k shapes + 1k texts render in 27 ms per full-retina frame (7.8 ms zoomed), 7× faster than the first version. The UI thread never blocks. The web build is 7.1 MB gzipped.
-- **Graphics processor:** the canvas is rasterized on the CPU and the GPU only composites it, so the desktop app asks for the power-saving GPU by default (the integrated one on hybrid-graphics laptops, where presenting from the discrete GPU made the window flicker, #306). Preferences › Performance › Graphics Processor (`gpuPreference`) or `WGPU_POWER_PREF` picks the discrete one; Help › About and `ui.inspect` name the adapter in use.
+- **Graphics processor:** the canvas is rasterized on the CPU and the GPU only composites it, so the desktop app asks for the power-saving GPU by default (the integrated one on hybrid-graphics laptops, where presenting from the discrete GPU made the window flicker, #306). Preferences › Performance › Graphics Processor (`gpuPreference`) or `WGPU_POWER_PREF` picks the discrete one; Help › About and `ui.inspect` name the adapter in use. When the browser drops the page's WebGPU device or WebGL context, the web build writes recovery copies, starts again on new graphics with the same app and uploads its textures again; if it can't, it removes the stale canvas and says to reload, which offers the copies back. The desktop app writes the copies and says to restart (#369).
 - **Tests and robustness:** ~2,840 automated tests: model-based property tests, a junk-parameter sweep over every command, import fuzzing (SVG, PDF, libraries), golden renders, and MCP end-to-end tests over stdio. Shipped code never panics (workspace lints and a rollback safety net; see `docs/development.md`).
 
 ## Milestones and estimates
@@ -157,11 +158,11 @@ grade by behaviour against `plan/illustrator/`, not by whether a menu item exist
 |---|---|---|---|
 | M0 | Skeleton + vertical slice | ✅ done | — |
 | M1 | Selection, transform, layers, MCP | ✅ mostly done (transform reference point snaps to anchors/centres; rotated objects keep a rotated bounding box and their angle; Free Transform, Scale and Reflect along a rotated box pending) | 4–6 |
-| M2 | Drawing tools + smart guides | ✅ mostly done (Flare, Reshape, Live Corners widget dragging landed; Shaper, the remaining Pen modifier nuances) | 15–20 |
+| M2 | Drawing tools + smart guides | ✅ mostly done (Flare, Reshape, Live Corners widget dragging and per-corner radii and kinds landed; Shaper, the remaining Pen modifier nuances) | 15–20 |
 | M3 | Paint & appearance (swatches, color, gradient, stroke, appearance, transparency, styles) | ✅ done (M3.7–M3.98): swatches, groups, libraries, tints, Lab spots and Registration; Color Picker, Color panel, Color Guide, Color Themes, Edit Colors and Recolor Artwork; gradients that follow every transform, the annotator, linked stops, freeform gradients, focal points, gradients on strokes and Expand; stroke geometry, arrowheads, dashes fitted to corners, stroke on type, width profiles and the Width tool, Scale Strokes and preview bounds; Appearance targeting, container appearance, target circles, Expand Appearance; knockout, isolation, blend accuracy, CMYK blending, overprint, Attributes, masks and clipping, Flatten Transparency; graphic styles, links and libraries. Left: freeform and mixed spot/process gradients export as stops or process colours to SVG/PDF; confirm the Scale Strokes & Effects default | 4–8 |
 | M4 | Files (native, SVG, PDF, raster, Export for Screens, clipboard interop) | ✅ done (M4.14–M4.98 on 2026-10-05): Save As/Save a Copy/Revert/templates, Data Recovery and background save, SVG import and export fidelity (units, text, symbols, filters, SVGZ, Preserve Editing, SVG Options), PDF import (colours, layers, masks, editable text, security) and export (presets, marks, bleed, ICC and output intent, raster effects, subset fonts, PDF/X-1a, X-3 and X-4, PDF layers, overprint, page thumbnails, fast web view, PDF 1.3), Place and Links, Package, EPS and DXF in and out, EMF/WMF, TIFF/BMP/Targa/PSD/GIF/PNG-8 export, Print and print presets, slices, Save for Web, Asset Export, clipboard flavours, File Info. Left: DWG (use DXF), PSD placement as layers, overprint read back from PDF, polish | 3–6 |
 | M5 | Performance | 🟡 background render + caches + MT done; `vectorcraft-cli bench` and `vectorcraft-cli perf` (budget suite); file format v2 opens 3× faster (50k paths: 722 → 244 ms); raster effects (glows, shadows, blur, feather) no longer force the whole frame single-threaded (filtered offscreen per effect, verified equal to the single-threaded reference); effect-heavy demos need a clean-machine benchmark; dirty-region rendering, GPU backend spike pending | 15–25 |
-| M6 | Path operations (Pathfinder, Shape Builder, offset…) | ✅ mostly done (Boolean precision on almost-horizontal edges fixed and the property tests made deterministic; Shape Builder edge erase, large-offset bug open) | 3–6 |
+| M6 | Path operations (Pathfinder, Shape Builder, offset…) | ✅ mostly done (Boolean precision on almost-horizontal edges fixed and the property tests made deterministic; Shape Builder gap detection, large-offset bug open) | 3–6 |
 | M7 | Type (point/area/path, editing, styles, OpenType, threading, glyphs) | 🟡 Character/Paragraph Styles, Area Type Options (with Width/Height), type areas resized by their handles and reshaped with Direct Selection, threaded text, Fit Headline, Glyphs, OpenType panel, Find Font, installed system fonts in every font menu (searchable; the Character and Properties menus show each family's sample of the selected text, preview it live under the pointer or ↑/↓, filter by script and kind, list a family's styles, and star favourites) and found by name on open/import, variable fonts' named instances as styles, CJK names in the UI, input methods (marked text in place, candidate window at the caret; Japanese IME), Text Wrap (offset, invert, both sides of an object; follows edits), Type on a Path effects, tab stops + Tabs panel, Hebrew/Arabic bidirectional text and Paragraph Direction done; tab leaders, spell check, vertical type pending | 45–60 |
 | M8 | Transform & distort (Puppet Warp, Liquify tools, Envelopes, Blends, Perspective Grid) | ✅ done (M8.1–M8.20 on 2026-10-06, fidelity pass): Liquify Tool Options with one shared brush, pen pressure, hold-to-apply, a safe scope and incremental strokes; tool options that last; Puppet Warp rotation, multi-select, Control bar and a rest-shape session that follows Undo; Width tool on compound paths; Envelope dialogs with preview, Reset with Warp/Mesh, full Envelope Options, type/images/symbols/appearance/gradients/patterns distorted on canvas and in every export, warps that keep their frame, Edit Contents, mesh handles and Control bar; Blend Options, anchor-targeted Blend tool, editable spine, keys picked on the canvas, faithful interpolation and knockout; Perspective Grid with Define Grid, presets, lock/snap/rulers, widgets, the 1–4 plane switch, movable planes, Perspective Selection scale/copy/perpendicular/Transform Again, and type and symbols truly projected with Edit Text. Left: Anti-Alias and Preserve Shape output, warp-envelope point editing, brush interpolation in blends, Free Transform/Scale/Reflect along a rotated box | 2–4 |
 | M9 | Live effects (+ 3D & Materials) | 🟡 2D effects done incl. Effect → Pathfinder and Color Adjustments; SVG Filters, Document Raster Effects Settings, 3D pending | 86–135 |
@@ -189,10 +190,10 @@ about 1–1.5 agent-hours each, so the other rows (estimated on the older scale)
 | Area | Weight | Done | Missing (main items) | One agent (h) |
 |---|---:|---:|---|---:|
 | Selection, transform & align tools | 6 | 85% | Free Transform/Scale/Reflect along a rotated box, Start Global Edit, transform nuances (the rotated persistent bounding box is done) | 4–6 |
-| Drawing tools | 7 | 85% | Shaper Groups (merge/punch overlapping shapes), pencil and the remaining pen modifier nuances, Touch Type | 10–15 |
-| Path operations, Pathfinder, Shape Builder, Live Paint | 5 | 86% | Live Paint gap options, Shape Builder edge cases | 3–6 |
+| Drawing tools | 7 | 85% | Shaper Groups (merge/punch overlapping shapes), pencil and the remaining pen modifier nuances, Touch Type, Live Corners on plain paths and polygons (and Relative rounding) | 10–15 |
+| Path operations, Pathfinder, Shape Builder, Live Paint | 5 | 86% | Live Paint gap options, Shape Builder gap detection and options | 3–6 |
 | Colour, swatches, gradients, patterns, mesh, recolor | 7 | 96% | freeform and mixed spot/process gradients in SVG/PDF (exported as stops or process colours), pattern fills in Expand | 2–4 |
-| Strokes, brushes, width profiles | 5 | 88% | brush options depth, brush libraries (generated in code) | 6–10 |
+| Strokes, brushes, width profiles | 5 | 88% | brush options depth, brush libraries (generated in code), brushes driven by pen tilt, bearing and barrel rotation (6D art pens) | 12–20 |
 | Appearance, transparency, graphic styles, masks | 5 | 98% | raster effect reach in preview bounds (flattener presets apply in PDF, EPS and print) | 1–2 |
 | Live vector effects | 5 | 85% | Outline Object, Pathfinder Hard/Soft Mix and Trap, SVG Filters | 6–10 |
 | Raster effects (Effect Gallery, Document Raster Effects Settings) | 4 | 20% | ~55 Photoshop-style filters (Artistic, Brush Strokes, Distort, Pixelate, Sketch, Stylize, Texture, Video) and the Effect Gallery; Document Raster Effects Settings and raster effects in PDF are done | 28–42 |

apps/vectorcraft-web/Cargo.toml

@@ -27,4 +27,4 @@ rfd = { workspace = true }
 wasm-bindgen = "0.2"
 wasm-bindgen-futures = "0.4"
 js-sys = "0.3"
-web-sys = { version = "0.3", features = ["Window", "Document", "Element", "HtmlElement", "HtmlCanvasElement", "HtmlIFrameElement", "HtmlAnchorElement", "Blob", "BlobPropertyBag", "Url", "Location", "CssStyleDeclaration", "Event", "EventTarget", "MouseEvent", "DragEvent", "Storage"] }
+web-sys = { version = "0.3", features = ["Window", "Document", "Element", "HtmlElement", "HtmlCanvasElement", "HtmlIFrameElement", "HtmlAnchorElement", "Blob", "BlobPropertyBag", "Url", "Location", "CssStyleDeclaration", "Event", "EventTarget", "MouseEvent", "DragEvent", "Storage", "Navigator"] }

apps/vectorcraft-web/src/locks.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+//! The browser's Web Locks (`navigator.locks`), which tell Data Recovery whether another tab still
+//! runs ([`vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery::RecoveryStore::announce`]). A tab holds a lock named
+//! after its recovery area for as long as it lives; the browser releases it only when the tab is
+//! gone (closed, crashed or reloaded), not while its timers are paused in the background, which a
+//! heartbeat can't tell apart.
+//!
+//! web-sys has Web Locks only as an unstable API, so they are reached through `js_sys::Reflect`.
+//! Pages that aren't secure (plain `http://` other than localhost) and older browsers have none:
+//! heartbeats alone decide there.
+
+use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+
+use js_sys::{Function, Promise, Reflect};
+use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery::Hold;
+use wasm_bindgen::JsCast as _;
+use wasm_bindgen::JsValue;
+use wasm_bindgen::closure::Closure;
+
+/// How often the snapshot of the locks held is refreshed (ms).
+const REFRESH_MS: i32 = 10_000;
+/// How old a snapshot may be and still be trusted (ms). A lock asked for after the snapshot was
+/// taken comes with a heartbeat, which stays fresh for at least three minutes, so anything under
+/// that is safe; an older snapshot counts every area as held.
+const FRESH_MS: f64 = 60_000.0;
+
+thread_local! {
+    /// What releases each lock this tab holds, by name: it resolves the promise the lock is held
+    /// by (wasm runs on one thread).
+    static RELEASE: RefCell<BTreeMap<String, Function>> = const { RefCell::new(BTreeMap::new()) };
+}
+
+/// The locks of the page, named `<prefix><area>`.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct WebLocks {
+    prefix: &'static str,
+    /// The areas whose locks were held at the last snapshot, and when it was asked for (ms since
+    /// the epoch). `navigator.locks.query()` is asynchronous, so the snapshot is refreshed every
+    /// [`REFRESH_MS`] and read from here.
+    seen: Arc<Mutex<(f64, BTreeSet<String>)>>,
+}
+
+/// `navigator.locks`, if the browser has it here.
+fn manager() -> Option<JsValue> {
+    let locks = Reflect::get(&web_sys::window()?.navigator(), &"locks".into()).ok()?;
+    locks.is_object().then_some(locks)
+}
+
+/// Method `name` of `obj`.
+fn method(obj: &JsValue, name: &str) -> Option<Function> {
+    Reflect::get(obj, &name.into()).ok()?.dyn_into().ok()
+}
+
+impl WebLocks {
+    /// The page's Web Locks with a first snapshot of them, kept fresh from then on; `None` when
+    /// the browser has none or won't say which are held (heartbeats alone decide then).
+    pub async fn start(prefix: &'static str) -> Option<Self> {
+        let locks = Self { prefix, seen: Arc::new(Mutex::new((f64::NEG_INFINITY, BTreeSet::new()))) };
+        locks.refresh().await?;
+        let again = locks.clone();
+        let tick = Closure::<dyn FnMut()>::new(move || {
+            let locks = again.clone();
+            wasm_bindgen_futures::spawn_local(async move {
+                // A failed refresh leaves the snapshot to age, and every area counts as held.
+                let _ = locks.refresh().await;
+            });
+        });
+        web_sys::window()?.set_interval_with_callback_and_timeout_and_arguments_0(tick.as_ref().unchecked_ref(), REFRESH_MS).ok()?;
+        // The timer lives as long as the page.
+        tick.forget();
+        Some(locks)
+    }
+
+    /// Take a new snapshot of the locks held.
+    async fn refresh(&self) -> Option<()> {
+        let m = manager()?;
+        let asked = js_sys::Date::now();
+        let query: Promise = method(&m, "query")?.call0(&m).ok()?.dyn_into().ok()?;
+        let snapshot = wasm_bindgen_futures::JsFuture::from(query).await.ok()?;
+        let held = js_sys::Array::from(&Reflect::get(&snapshot, &"held".into()).ok()?);
+        let areas = held
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|l| Reflect::get(&l, &"name".into()).ok()?.as_string())
+            .filter_map(|n| n.strip_prefix(self.prefix).map(str::to_string))
+            .collect();
+        *self.seen.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()) = (asked, areas);
+        Some(())
+    }
+
+    /// Does a tab hold `area`'s lock? Yes when the last snapshot is too old to tell.
+    pub fn held(&self, area: &str) -> bool {
+        let seen = self.seen.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner());
+        js_sys::Date::now() - seen.0 > FRESH_MS || seen.1.contains(area)
+    }
+
+    /// Hold `area`'s lock until the returned hold is dropped (or the page goes).
+    pub fn hold(&self, area: &str) -> Option<Hold> {
+        let m = manager()?;
+        let name = format!("{}{area}", self.prefix);
+        // The lock is held until this promise resolves: when the hold is dropped.
+        let mut release = None;
+        let until = Promise::new(&mut |resolve, _| release = Some(resolve));
+        let release = release?;
+        let granted = Closure::once_into_js(move |_lock: JsValue| until);
+        method(&m, "request")?.call2(&m, &name.clone().into(), &granted).ok()?;
+        RELEASE.with(|r| r.borrow_mut().insert(name.clone(), release));
+        Some(Box::new(LockHold(name)))
+    }
+}
+
+/// A lock this tab holds (by name), released when dropped.
+struct LockHold(String);
+
+impl Drop for LockHold {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if let Some(resolve) = RELEASE.with(|r| r.borrow_mut().remove(&self.0)) {
+            // Resolving can't fail in a way worth reporting: the lock goes with the page anyway.
+            let _ = resolve.call0(&JsValue::NULL);
+        }
+    }
+}

apps/vectorcraft-web/src/main.rs

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 //!
 //! URL query flag: `?webgl` forces the WebGL2 backend instead of WebGPU.
 
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+mod locks;
 #[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
 mod web;
 

apps/vectorcraft-web/src/web.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,21 @@
-//! The browser shell: web `Services`, drag-and-drop, and the eframe web runner.
+//! The browser shell: web `Services`, drag-and-drop, the eframe web runner, and starting again
+//! with new graphics when the page loses them (#369).
 
-use std::cell::Cell;
+use std::cell::{Cell, RefCell};
 use std::rc::Rc;
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
 use vectorcraft_engine::Session;
 use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::fileio;
-use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery::RecoveryStore;
+use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery::{self, Hold, RecoveryStore};
+use vectorcraft_ui_egui::graphics::GraphicsLoss;
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::place::{DropTarget, PlaceArrival, PlaceInbox};
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::print::{PrintJob, PrintService, Printer};
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::{Services, VectorcraftApp};
 use wasm_bindgen::JsCast as _;
 
+use crate::locks::WebLocks;
+
 type Inbox = Arc<Mutex<Vec<(String, Vec<u8>)>>>;
 
 /// Where the pointer was over the canvas during the last file drag (CSS px from its top-left) and
@@ -21,56 +25,123 @@ type DragPos = Rc<Cell<Option<(f32, f32, bool)>>>;
 const CANVAS_ID: &str = "vectorcraft_canvas";
 const LOADING_ID: &str = "vectorcraft_loading";
 
+/// How many times the page starts again with new graphics after losing them before it gives up
+/// (a GPU that keeps failing).
+const MAX_RESTARTS: u32 = 3;
+
+/// What the page keeps while the app runs, across graphics restarts.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+struct Host {
+    runner: eframe::WebRunner,
+    inbox: Inbox,
+    place_inbox: PlaceInbox,
+    drag: DragPos,
+    /// The page's Web Locks for Data Recovery, started once before the first frame: a graphics
+    /// restart keeps them, so the tab stays the owner of its recovery area.
+    locks: Option<WebLocks>,
+    /// Graphics restarts so far.
+    restarts: u32,
+}
+
 pub fn start() {
     eframe::WebLogger::init(log::LevelFilter::Info).ok();
-    wasm_bindgen_futures::spawn_local(async {
-        let Some(document) = web_sys::window().and_then(|w| w.document()) else {
-            log::error!("no document");
-            return;
+    let Some(canvas) = element(CANVAS_ID).and_then(|e| e.dyn_into::<web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement>().ok()) else {
+        log::error!("missing <canvas id=\"{CANVAS_ID}\">");
+        return;
+    };
+    wasm_bindgen_futures::spawn_local(async move {
+        // Before the first frame, which looks for copies a crash left behind.
+        let locks = WebLocks::start(RECOVERY_PREFIX).await;
+        let host = Host {
+            runner: eframe::WebRunner::new(),
+            inbox: Arc::default(),
+            place_inbox: Arc::default(),
+            drag: DragPos::default(),
+            locks,
+            restarts: 0,
         };
-        let Some(canvas) = document.get_element_by_id(CANVAS_ID).and_then(|e| e.dyn_into::<web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement>().ok()) else {
-            log::error!("missing <canvas id=\"{CANVAS_ID}\">");
-            return;
-        };
-        let drag = track_drag(&canvas);
-        let mut options = eframe::WebOptions::default();
-        if query().contains("webgl")
-            && let eframe::egui_wgpu::WgpuSetup::CreateNew(create) = &mut options.wgpu_options.wgpu_setup
-        {
-            create.instance_descriptor.backends = eframe::wgpu::Backends::GL;
-        }
-        let result = eframe::WebRunner::new()
-            .start(
-                canvas,
-                options,
-                Box::new(move |cc| {
-                    if let Some(rs) = &cc.wgpu_render_state {
-                        log::info!("vectorcraft-web: wgpu backend {:?}", rs.adapter.get_info().backend);
+        run(host, canvas, None).await;
+    });
+}
+
+/// An app whose graphics were lost, on its way to new ones.
+struct Moving {
+    app: VectorcraftApp,
+    /// Its unsaved changes are kept in recovery copies ([`VectorcraftApp::graphics_lost`]).
+    kept: bool,
+}
+
+/// Run the app on `canvas`: the `moving` one when starting again after losing the graphics, else
+/// a new one.
+async fn run(host: Host, canvas: web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement, moving: Option<Moving>) {
+    track_drag(&canvas, &host.drag);
+    let kept = moving.as_ref().map(|m| m.kept);
+    // The app until the new runner takes it (still here if starting fails before).
+    let slot = Rc::new(RefCell::new(moving.map(|m| m.app)));
+    let (runner, taken, page) = (host.runner.clone(), slot.clone(), canvas.clone());
+    let result = runner
+        .start(
+            canvas,
+            web_options(),
+            Box::new(move |cc| {
+                let ctx = &cc.egui_ctx;
+                let loss = GraphicsLoss::default();
+                watch_canvas(&page, &loss, ctx);
+                if let Some(rs) = &cc.wgpu_render_state {
+                    log::info!("vectorcraft-web: wgpu backend {:?}", rs.adapter.get_info().backend);
+                    let (loss, ctx) = (loss.clone(), ctx.clone());
+                    rs.device.set_device_lost_callback(move |reason, msg| loss.report(&ctx, format!("{reason:?}: {msg}")));
+                }
+                let services = services(host.inbox.clone(), host.place_inbox.clone(), ctx.clone(), host.locks.clone());
+                let app = match taken.borrow_mut().take() {
+                    Some(mut app) => {
+                        // The old services asked the old context for frames.
+                        app.services = services;
+                        app.status("The graphics were lost and have been restarted");
+                        app
                     }
-                    let inbox: Inbox = Arc::default();
-                    let place_inbox: PlaceInbox = Arc::default();
-                    let app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), services(inbox.clone(), place_inbox.clone(), cc.egui_ctx.clone()));
-                    Ok(Box::new(WebShell { app, inbox, place_inbox, drag }))
-                }),
-            )
-            .await;
-        if let Some(el) = document.get_element_by_id(LOADING_ID) {
-            match result {
-                Ok(()) => el.remove(),
-                Err(e) => el.set_inner_html(&format!("<p>VectorCraft failed to start: {e:?}</p><p>A browser with WebGPU or WebGL2 is required.</p>")),
+                    None => VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), services),
+                };
+                Ok(Box::new(WebShell { app: Some(app), host, canvas: page, loss }))
+            }),
+        )
+        .await;
+    match (result, kept) {
+        (Ok(()), _) => {
+            if let Some(el) = element(LOADING_ID) {
+                el.remove();
             }
         }
-    });
+        (Err(e), None) => notice(&[&format!("VectorCraft failed to start: {}", js_err(e)), "A browser with WebGPU or WebGL2 is required."]),
+        (Err(e), Some(kept)) => {
+            log::error!("vectorcraft-web: couldn't restart the graphics: {}", js_err(e));
+            give_up(slot.borrow_mut().take(), kept);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// The runner's options: wgpu (WebGPU where available, else WebGL2; `?webgl` forces WebGL2).
+fn web_options() -> eframe::WebOptions {
+    let mut options = eframe::WebOptions::default();
+    if query().contains("webgl")
+        && let eframe::egui_wgpu::WgpuSetup::CreateNew(create) = &mut options.wgpu_options.wgpu_setup
+    {
+        create.instance_descriptor.backends = eframe::wgpu::Backends::GL;
+    }
+    options
 }
 
 fn query() -> String {
     web_sys::window().and_then(|w| w.location().search().ok()).unwrap_or_default()
 }
 
-/// Follow file drags over the canvas: drag events carry the pointer position, which egui doesn't
-/// get during a drag.
-fn track_drag(canvas: &web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement) -> DragPos {
-    let pos = DragPos::default();
+fn element(id: &str) -> Option<web_sys::Element> {
+    web_sys::window()?.document()?.get_element_by_id(id)
+}
+
+/// Follow file drags over `canvas` into `pos`: drag events carry the pointer position, which egui
+/// doesn't get during a drag.
+fn track_drag(canvas: &web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement, pos: &DragPos) {
     let p = pos.clone();
     let on_drag = wasm_bindgen::closure::Closure::<dyn FnMut(web_sys::DragEvent)>::new(move |e: web_sys::DragEvent| {
         p.set(Some((e.offset_x() as f32, e.offset_y() as f32, e.shift_key())));
@@ -80,29 +151,123 @@ fn track_drag(canvas: &web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement) -> DragPos {
             log::error!("couldn't follow {kind} events: {e:?}");
         }
     }
-    // The listener lives as long as the page.
+    // The listener lives as long as the canvas.
     on_drag.forget();
-    pos
+}
+
+/// Report the loss of `canvas`'s WebGL context to `loss` (WebGPU devices report theirs through
+/// wgpu).
+fn watch_canvas(canvas: &web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement, loss: &GraphicsLoss, ctx: &egui::Context) {
+    let (loss, ctx) = (loss.clone(), ctx.clone());
+    let on_lost = wasm_bindgen::closure::Closure::<dyn FnMut(web_sys::Event)>::new(move |_: web_sys::Event| {
+        loss.report(&ctx, "the WebGL context was lost");
+    });
+    if let Err(e) = canvas.add_event_listener_with_callback("webglcontextlost", on_lost.as_ref().unchecked_ref()) {
+        log::error!("couldn't watch for a lost WebGL context: {e:?}");
+    }
+    // The listener lives as long as the canvas.
+    on_lost.forget();
+}
+
+/// A new canvas in place of `old`, whose graphics were lost (a canvas whose WebGL context is lost
+/// can't get another).
+fn fresh_canvas(old: &web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement) -> Result<web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement, String> {
+    let new: web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement = old.clone_node().map_err(js_err)?.dyn_into().map_err(|_| "not a canvas")?;
+    old.replace_with_with_node_1(&new).map_err(js_err)?;
+    Ok(new)
+}
+
+/// The graphics are lost for good: the dead canvas goes (it would show a stale picture), the app
+/// (if still here) lets go of its recovery copies so the reloaded page offers them at once, and
+/// the page says what to do.
+fn give_up(app: Option<VectorcraftApp>, kept: bool) {
+    if let Some(mut app) = app {
+        recovery::leave(&mut app.session);
+    }
+    if let Some(canvas) = element(CANVAS_ID) {
+        canvas.remove();
+    }
+    notice(&[
+        "The graphics were lost and couldn't be restarted.",
+        if kept {
+            "Your unsaved changes are kept in this browser: reload the page to get them back."
+        } else {
+            "Reload the page to go on (changes not saved yet may be lost)."
+        },
+    ]);
+}
+
+/// Show `lines` in the middle of the page (where the loading message was).
+fn notice(lines: &[&str]) {
+    let Some(document) = web_sys::window().and_then(|w| w.document()) else { return };
+    let el = match document.get_element_by_id(LOADING_ID) {
+        Some(el) => el,
+        None => {
+            let Ok(el) = document.create_element("div") else { return };
+            el.set_id(LOADING_ID);
+            let Some(body) = document.body() else { return };
+            if let Err(e) = body.append_child(&el) {
+                log::error!("couldn't show a message: {e:?}");
+            }
+            el
+        }
+    };
+    el.set_text_content(None);
+    for line in lines {
+        if let Ok(p) = document.create_element("p") {
+            p.set_text_content(Some(line));
+            // Best effort: the log has the message too.
+            el.append_child(&p).ok();
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 /// Wraps the app to read dropped files asynchronously (browsers can't read them synchronously)
 /// and feed them through the inboxes: placed where they were dropped on the canvas, else opened.
+/// When the graphics are lost it hands the app to a new runner on a new canvas.
 struct WebShell {
-    app: VectorcraftApp,
-    inbox: Inbox,
-    place_inbox: PlaceInbox,
-    drag: DragPos,
+    /// `None` once handed on.
+    app: Option<VectorcraftApp>,
+    host: Host,
+    canvas: web_sys::HtmlCanvasElement,
+    loss: GraphicsLoss,
+}
+
+impl WebShell {
+    /// The graphics were lost (`why`): keep recovery copies, then start again on a new canvas
+    /// with the same app once this frame is over (the runner is busy with it until then).
+    fn restart(&mut self, why: &str) {
+        let Some(mut app) = self.app.take() else { return };
+        let kept = app.graphics_lost(why);
+        let mut host = self.host.clone();
+        host.restarts += 1;
+        let canvas =
+            if host.restarts > MAX_RESTARTS { Err(format!("the graphics were lost {MAX_RESTARTS} times")) } else { fresh_canvas(&self.canvas) };
+        match canvas {
+            Ok(canvas) => wasm_bindgen_futures::spawn_local(run(host, canvas, Some(Moving { app, kept }))),
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::error!("vectorcraft-web: giving up on the graphics: {e}");
+                let runner = host.runner;
+                wasm_bindgen_futures::spawn_local(async move { runner.destroy() });
+                give_up(Some(app), kept);
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 impl eframe::App for WebShell {
     fn logic(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context, _frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
+        if let Some(why) = self.loss.take() {
+            self.restart(&why);
+        }
+        let Some(app) = &mut self.app else { return };
         let dropped = ctx.input_mut(|i| std::mem::take(&mut i.raw.dropped_files));
         if !dropped.is_empty() {
-            let at = self.drag.take();
+            let at = self.host.drag.take();
             let z = ctx.zoom_factor();
-            let target = self.app.drop_target(at.map(|(x, y, _)| egui::pos2(x / z, y / z)), at.is_some_and(|a| a.2));
+            let target = app.drop_target(at.map(|(x, y, _)| egui::pos2(x / z, y / z)), at.is_some_and(|a| a.2));
             for f in dropped {
-                let (inbox, place_inbox, ctx) = (self.inbox.clone(), self.place_inbox.clone(), ctx.clone());
+                let (inbox, place_inbox, ctx) = (self.host.inbox.clone(), self.host.place_inbox.clone(), ctx.clone());
                 wasm_bindgen_futures::spawn_local(async move {
                     let name = f.path().file_name().map(|n| n.to_string_lossy().to_string()).unwrap_or_else(|| "dropped".into());
                     match f.bytes_async().await {
@@ -120,19 +285,23 @@ impl eframe::App for WebShell {
                 });
             }
         }
-        self.app.logic(ctx);
+        app.logic(ctx);
     }
 
     fn raw_input_hook(&mut self, _ctx: &egui::Context, raw: &mut egui::RawInput) {
-        self.app.raw_input_hook(raw);
+        if let Some(app) = &mut self.app {
+            app.raw_input_hook(raw);
+        }
     }
 
     fn ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui, _frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
-        self.app.ui(ui);
+        if let Some(app) = &mut self.app {
+            app.ui(ui);
+        }
     }
 }
 
-fn services(inbox: Inbox, place_inbox: PlaceInbox, ctx: egui::Context) -> Services {
+fn services(inbox: Inbox, place_inbox: PlaceInbox, ctx: egui::Context, locks: Option<WebLocks>) -> Services {
     let open_inbox = inbox.clone();
     let picked = place_inbox.clone();
     let place_ctx = ctx.clone();
@@ -174,7 +343,7 @@ fn services(inbox: Inbox, place_inbox: PlaceInbox, ctx: egui::Context) -> Servic
             }
         })),
         inbox: Some(inbox),
-        recovery_store: Some(Arc::new(BrowserStore)),
+        recovery_store: Some(Arc::new(BrowserStore { locks })),
         // File → Print: the browser's print dialog.
         print: Some(Box::new(BrowserPrint)),
         ..Default::default()
@@ -183,8 +352,12 @@ fn services(inbox: Inbox, place_inbox: PlaceInbox, ctx: egui::Context) -> Servic
 
 /// Data Recovery's store on the web: the browser's local storage (kept across visits and shared by
 /// the site's tabs), each entry as base64 under [`RECOVERY_PREFIX`]`<area>/<name>`. It has no
-/// locks: each tab holds its area with a heartbeat, judged by the browser's clock.
-struct BrowserStore;
+/// locks: each tab holds its area with a heartbeat, judged by the browser's clock, and with a Web
+/// Lock named after it where the browser has them (`locks`), which a tab whose timers are paused
+/// in the background keeps.
+struct BrowserStore {
+    locks: Option<WebLocks>,
+}
 
 const RECOVERY_PREFIX: &str = "vectorcraft-recovery/";
 
@@ -220,6 +393,12 @@ impl RecoveryStore for BrowserStore {
     fn now(&self) -> Option<i64> {
         Some((js_sys::Date::now() / 1000.0) as i64)
     }
+    fn announce(&self, area: &str) -> Option<Hold> {
+        self.locks.as_ref()?.hold(area)
+    }
+    fn announced(&self, area: &str) -> Option<bool> {
+        self.locks.as_ref().map(|l| l.held(area))
+    }
 }
 
 /// Trigger a browser download of `bytes` named after the last component of `path`.

apps/vectorcraft/src/main.rs

@@ -25,45 +25,69 @@ mod window;
 
 use vectorcraft_engine::Session;
 use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::fileio;
+use vectorcraft_ui_egui::graphics::GraphicsLoss;
 use vectorcraft_ui_egui::{FilePick, Services, VectorcraftApp};
 
-struct App(VectorcraftApp, #[cfg(target_os = "macos")] Option<native_menu::NativeMenu>);
+struct App {
+    app: VectorcraftApp,
+    /// Reported by wgpu when the window's graphics device is lost (a driver reset).
+    graphics_loss: GraphicsLoss,
+    /// The graphics device was lost and the unsaved changes are kept for Data Recovery.
+    graphics_lost: bool,
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    menu: Option<native_menu::NativeMenu>,
+}
 
 impl eframe::App for App {
     fn logic(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context, _frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
+        if let Some(why) = self.graphics_loss.take() {
+            // eframe can't give a window a new device: the user saves and starts again.
+            self.graphics_lost = self.app.graphics_lost(&why);
+            self.app.status(if self.graphics_lost {
+                "The graphics device was lost: unsaved changes are kept for Data Recovery. Save your documents and restart VectorCraft"
+            } else {
+                "The graphics device was lost: save your documents and restart VectorCraft"
+            });
+        }
+        if self.graphics_lost && ctx.input(|i| i.viewport().close_requested()) {
+            // The window can't show the Save Changes question: it closes, and the next launch
+            // offers the changes back.
+            vectorcraft_ui_egui::background::wait_all(&mut self.app);
+            return;
+        }
         #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
         {
-            if self.1.is_none() && std::env::var_os("VECTORCRAFT_NO_NATIVE_MENU").is_none() {
-                self.1 = Some(native_menu::NativeMenu::install(&mut self.0));
+            if self.menu.is_none() && std::env::var_os("VECTORCRAFT_NO_NATIVE_MENU").is_none() {
+                self.menu = Some(native_menu::NativeMenu::install(&mut self.app));
             }
-            if let Some(m) = &mut self.1 {
-                m.poll(&mut self.0);
+            if let Some(m) = &mut self.menu {
+                m.poll(&mut self.app);
             }
-            open_files(&mut self.0, open_documents::take());
+            open_files(&mut self.app, open_documents::take());
         }
-        self.0.logic(ctx);
-        window::track(ctx, &mut self.0.ui.window);
-        if self.0.ui.status == "quit" {
+        self.app.logic(ctx);
+        window::track(ctx, &mut self.app.ui.window);
+        if self.app.ui.status == "quit" {
             ctx.send_viewport_cmd(egui::ViewportCommand::Close);
         }
     }
     fn raw_input_hook(&mut self, _ctx: &egui::Context, raw: &mut egui::RawInput) {
-        self.0.raw_input_hook(raw);
+        self.app.raw_input_hook(raw);
     }
     fn ui(&mut self, ui: &mut egui::Ui, _frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
-        self.0.ui(ui);
+        self.app.ui(ui);
         #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
-        if self.0.take_ime_discard() {
+        if self.app.take_ime_discard() {
             discard_marked_text();
         }
     }
     #[cfg(not(feature = "windows7"))]
     fn on_exit(&mut self) {
-        save_prefs(&self.0);
+        save_prefs(&self.app);
     }
     #[cfg(feature = "windows7")]
     fn on_exit(&mut self, _gl: Option<&eframe::glow::Context>) {
-        save_prefs(&self.0);
+        save_prefs(&self.app);
     }
 }
 
@@ -363,11 +387,14 @@ fn main() -> eframe::Result {
                 let recovery = prefs_path().and_then(|p| Some(p.parent()?.join("Data Recovery").to_string_lossy().to_string()));
                 app.session.recovery.set_default_folder(recovery);
             }
+            let graphics_loss = GraphicsLoss::default();
             #[cfg(feature = "wgpu")]
             if let Some(rs) = &cc.wgpu_render_state {
                 let summary = adapter_summary(&rs.adapter.get_info());
                 log::info!("vectorcraft: rendering with {summary} (power preference {power:?})");
                 app.graphics_adapter = Some(summary);
+                let (loss, ctx) = (graphics_loss.clone(), cc.egui_ctx.clone());
+                rs.device.set_device_lost_callback(move |reason, msg| loss.report(&ctx, format!("{reason:?}: {msg}")));
             }
             #[cfg(feature = "windows7")]
             {
@@ -382,11 +409,13 @@ fn main() -> eframe::Result {
             #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
             open_documents::set_ui(&cc.egui_ctx);
             open_files(&mut app, files);
-            Ok(Box::new(App(
+            Ok(Box::new(App {
                 app,
+                graphics_loss,
+                graphics_lost: false,
                 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
-                None,
-            )))
+                menu: None,
+            }))
         }),
     )
 }

crates/doc/src/lib.rs

@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ pub use setup::{Background, DocSetup, ExportText, GridSize, Quotes};
 pub use slices::{CellAlign, CellVAlign, Slice, SliceArea, SliceKind, SliceOptions, SliceSource};
 pub use style_libs::StyleLibrary;
 pub use text::{
-    AreaOptions, CharPosition, CharStyle, FirstBaseline, Justify, Mojikumi, ParaDirection, ParaStyle, PathEffect, ScriptMetrics, TabAlign, TabStop,
-    TextKind, TextObject, TextRun, TextStyleDef, TextWrap, WrapShape,
+    AreaOptions, CharPosition, CharStyle, FirstBaseline, Justify, LeadingModel, Mojikumi, ParaDirection, ParaStyle, PathEffect, ScriptMetrics,
+    TabAlign, TabStop, TextKind, TextObject, TextRun, TextStyleDef, TextWrap, WrapShape,
 };
 pub use vectorcraft_color as color;
 pub use vectorcraft_geom as geom;

crates/doc/src/node.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 //! Document nodes.
 
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use vectorcraft_color::BlendMode;
-use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, BezPath, FillRule, PathData, Point, Rect, shapes};
+use vectorcraft_geom::shapes::{self, CornerKind};
+use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, BezPath, FillRule, PathData, Point, Rect};
 
 use crate::appearance::Appearance;
 use crate::live::{BlendSpec, EnvelopeKind, GradientMesh, Outliner};
 use crate::pattern::RepeatSpec;
+use crate::selection::AnchorRef;
 use crate::text::TextObject;
 
 /// Stable per-document object id. Never reused.
@@ -82,6 +85,9 @@ pub enum LiveShape {
         /// Corner radii: top-left, top-right, bottom-right, bottom-left. In the same units as
         /// `w`/`h`: the corners are circular arcs in the document whenever `xf` doesn't scale.
         radii: [f64; 4],
+        /// Corner kinds, in the same order (Live Corners' corner types).
+        #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "all_round")]
+        kinds: [CornerKind; 4],
         /// Maps the untransformed shape (origin at its top-left) into the document. A rotation
         /// or reflection plus a move, unless a shear (or a file saved before transforms folded
         /// their scale into `w`/`h`) put more in it.
@@ -118,15 +124,8 @@ impl LiveShape {
     /// Regenerate the path.
     pub fn to_path(&self) -> PathData {
         match self {
-            LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, xf } => {
-                let r = Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, *w, *h);
-                let p = if radii.iter().all(|x| (x - radii[0]).abs() < 1e-9) {
-                    shapes::rounded_rectangle(r, radii[0])
-                } else {
-                    // Per-corner radii: generate uniformly then adjust (approximation until M2.5).
-                    shapes::rounded_rectangle(r, radii.iter().cloned().fold(0.0, f64::max))
-                };
-                p.transformed(*xf)
+            LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, kinds, xf } => {
+                shapes::rectangle_with_corners(Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, *w, *h), *radii, *kinds).transformed(*xf)
             }
             LiveShape::Ellipse { w, h, xf, .. } => shapes::ellipse(Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, *w, *h)).transformed(*xf),
             LiveShape::Polygon { radius, sides, xf } => shapes::polygon(Point::ZERO, *radius, *sides, 0.0).transformed(*xf),
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ impl LiveShape {
     /// scale in `xf` keep their exact geometry until they're next transformed).
     pub fn transform(&mut self, a: Affine) -> bool {
         match self {
-            LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, xf } => {
+            LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, xf, .. } => {
                 let m = a * *xf;
                 let [a0, a1, a2, a3, _, _] = a.as_coeffs();
                 let moves_only = (a0 - 1.0).abs() < 1e-12 && a1.abs() < 1e-12 && a2.abs() < 1e-12 && (a3 - 1.0).abs() < 1e-12;
@@ -185,6 +184,44 @@ impl LiveShape {
             _ => false,
         }
     }
+    /// The corner (radii order) of each anchor of a rectangle's path; empty for other shapes.
+    pub fn anchor_corners(&self) -> Vec<usize> {
+        match self {
+            LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, .. } => shapes::rectangle_anchor_corners(Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, *w, *h), *radii),
+            _ => vec![],
+        }
+    }
+    /// The corners of a rectangle that hold one of `anchors` (of its only subpath).
+    pub fn corners_of(&self, anchors: &BTreeSet<AnchorRef>) -> [bool; 4] {
+        let map = self.anchor_corners();
+        let mut out = [false; 4];
+        for k in anchors.iter().filter(|(si, _)| *si == 0).filter_map(|(_, ai)| map.get(*ai)) {
+            if let Some(c) = out.get_mut(*k) {
+                *c = true;
+            }
+        }
+        out
+    }
+    /// The corners Live Corners edit for a selection: those holding a selected anchor when the
+    /// shape is partly selected (Direct Selection), else all four.
+    pub fn picked_corners(&self, partial: Option<&BTreeSet<AnchorRef>>) -> [bool; 4] {
+        let picked = partial.map_or([true; 4], |a| self.corners_of(a));
+        if picked.contains(&true) { picked } else { [true; 4] }
+    }
+    /// The anchors of a rectangle's `corners` (to keep them selected as its path changes).
+    pub fn corner_anchors(&self, corners: [bool; 4]) -> BTreeSet<AnchorRef> {
+        self.anchor_corners().into_iter().enumerate().filter(|(_, k)| corners.get(*k) == Some(&true)).map(|(ai, _)| (0, ai)).collect()
+    }
+    /// The radius and kind the `corners` of a rectangle share (each `None` when they differ).
+    pub fn corner_style(&self, corners: [bool; 4]) -> (Option<f64>, Option<CornerKind>) {
+        let LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, kinds, .. } = self else { return (None, None) };
+        fn shared<T: Copy>(v: [T; 4], corners: [bool; 4], same: impl Fn(T, T) -> bool) -> Option<T> {
+            let mut it = v.into_iter().zip(corners).filter(|(_, on)| *on).map(|(x, _)| x);
+            let first = it.next()?;
+            it.all(|x| same(x, first)).then_some(first)
+        }
+        (shared(*radii, corners, |a, b| (a - b).abs() < 1e-9), shared(*kinds, corners, |a, b| a == b))
+    }
     /// Rotation angle of the live shape in degrees (shown in the Properties panel).
     pub fn angle_deg(&self) -> f64 {
         match self {
@@ -197,6 +234,10 @@ impl LiveShape {
     }
 }
 
+fn all_round(kinds: &[CornerKind; 4]) -> bool {
+    kinds.iter().all(|k| *k == CornerKind::Round)
+}
+
 /// What a transform scales besides geometry, by its mean scale (the square root of its
 /// determinant). `Scaling::default()` (and `false`) scales nothing else; `true` scales stroke
 /// weights and dashes only. Transforms the user asks for take theirs from Scale Strokes & Effects
@@ -1200,14 +1241,44 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn rect_live_shape_roundtrip() {
-        let l = LiveShape::Rectangle { w: 10.0, h: 20.0, radii: [0.0; 4], xf: Affine::translate((5.0, 5.0)) };
+        let l = LiveShape::Rectangle { w: 10.0, h: 20.0, radii: [0.0; 4], kinds: Default::default(), xf: Affine::translate((5.0, 5.0)) };
         assert_eq!(l.to_path().bounds(), Some(Rect::new(5.0, 5.0, 15.0, 25.0)));
         assert_eq!(l.label(), "Rectangle");
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn rectangle_corners_map_to_their_anchors() {
+        let mut l = LiveShape::Rectangle { w: 100.0, h: 50.0, radii: [0.0, 10.0, 0.0, 0.0], kinds: Default::default(), xf: Affine::IDENTITY };
+        // Anchors: top-left, the top-right corner's two, bottom-right, bottom-left.
+        assert_eq!(l.anchor_corners(), [0, 1, 1, 2, 3]);
+        assert_eq!(l.to_path().anchor_count(), 5);
+        let set = |v: &[usize]| v.iter().map(|ai| (0, *ai)).collect::<BTreeSet<AnchorRef>>();
+        assert_eq!(l.corners_of(&set(&[2, 4])), [false, true, false, true]);
+        assert_eq!(l.corners_of(&set(&[9])), [false; 4], "out of range");
+        assert_eq!(l.corner_anchors([false, true, false, true]), set(&[1, 2, 4]));
+        // Partly selected: the corners of the selected anchors; wholly (or no anchor): all four.
+        assert_eq!(l.picked_corners(Some(&set(&[0]))), [true, false, false, false]);
+        assert_eq!(l.picked_corners(None), [true; 4]);
+        assert_eq!(l.picked_corners(Some(&set(&[]))), [true; 4]);
+        assert_eq!(l.corner_style([false, true, false, false]), (Some(10.0), Some(CornerKind::Round)));
+        assert_eq!(l.corner_style([true, true, false, false]), (None, Some(CornerKind::Round)));
+        assert_eq!(l.corner_style([true, false, true, true]), (Some(0.0), Some(CornerKind::Round)));
+        // Corner kinds save only when some corner isn't round, and older files read as round.
+        let json = serde_json::to_value(&l).unwrap();
+        assert!(json.get("kinds").is_none(), "{json}");
+        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_value::<LiveShape>(json).unwrap(), l);
+        if let LiveShape::Rectangle { kinds, .. } = &mut l {
+            kinds[1] = CornerKind::Chamfer;
+        }
+        let json = serde_json::to_value(&l).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(json["kinds"], serde_json::json!(["round", "chamfer", "round", "round"]));
+        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_value::<LiveShape>(json).unwrap(), l);
+        assert!(LiveShape::Ellipse { w: 1.0, h: 1.0, pie: (0.0, 360.0), xf: Affine::IDENTITY }.anchor_corners().is_empty());
+    }
+
     /// A node holding a live rectangle (`w` × `h`, all radii `r`, placed by `xf`) and its path.
     fn live_rect(w: f64, h: f64, r: f64, xf: Affine) -> Node {
-        let live = LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii: [r; 4], xf };
+        let live = LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii: [r; 4], kinds: Default::default(), xf };
         let mut n = Node::path(NodeId(1), live.to_path(), Appearance::default_art());
         if let NodeKind::Path { live: slot, .. } = &mut n.kind {
             *slot = Some(live);
@@ -1216,7 +1287,7 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     fn live_of(n: &Node) -> (f64, f64, [f64; 4], Affine) {
-        let NodeKind::Path { live: Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, xf }), .. } = &n.kind else { panic!("not a live rectangle") };
+        let NodeKind::Path { live: Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, xf, .. }), .. } = &n.kind else { panic!("not a live rectangle") };
         (*w, *h, *radii, *xf)
     }
 

crates/doc/src/text.rs

@@ -293,6 +293,9 @@ pub struct ParaStyle {
     /// bidirectional text (UAX #9). None: from each paragraph's first strong character (Hebrew or
     /// Arabic: right to left).
     pub direction: Option<ParaDirection>,
+    /// How leading is measured (Paragraph panel menu): from baseline to baseline, or from the top
+    /// of one line's ideographic em box to the next.
+    pub leading_model: LeadingModel,
 }
 
 /// [`ParaStyle`] as saved. [`Justify::Auto`] is written as the alignment it has in the paragraph
@@ -324,6 +327,8 @@ struct ParaStyleFile {
     mojikumi: Mojikumi,
     #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     direction: Option<ParaDirection>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "crate::skip::is_default")]
+    leading_model: LeadingModel,
 }
 
 impl From<ParaStyle> for ParaStyleFile {
@@ -345,6 +350,7 @@ impl From<ParaStyle> for ParaStyleFile {
             style_name,
             mojikumi,
             direction,
+            leading_model,
             ..
         } = p;
         Self {
@@ -360,6 +366,7 @@ impl From<ParaStyle> for ParaStyleFile {
             style_name,
             mojikumi,
             direction,
+            leading_model,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -378,9 +385,23 @@ impl From<ParaStyleFile> for ParaStyle {
             style_name,
             mojikumi,
             direction,
+            leading_model,
             ..
         } = f;
-        Self { justify, left_indent, right_indent, first_line_indent, space_before, space_after, hyphenate, tabs, style_name, mojikumi, direction }
+        Self {
+            justify,
+            left_indent,
+            right_indent,
+            first_line_indent,
+            space_before,
+            space_after,
+            hyphenate,
+            tabs,
+            style_name,
+            mojikumi,
+            direction,
+            leading_model,
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -392,6 +413,20 @@ pub enum ParaDirection {
     RightToLeft,
 }
 
+/// How a paragraph's leading is measured.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum LeadingModel {
+    /// From one line's baseline to the next's: a line's leading is the space above it, and area
+    /// type's first baseline follows Area Type Options › First Baseline.
+    #[default]
+    RomanBaseline,
+    /// From the top of one line's ideographic em box (the right side, in vertical type) to the
+    /// next's: a line's leading is the space below it, and area type's first line touches the top
+    /// of the frame. Japanese layout's usual model.
+    EmBoxTop,
+}
+
 /// How Japanese punctuation is spaced (JLREQ 3.1). Full-width punctuation is half a glyph and half
 /// a space: an opening bracket's space before it, a closing bracket's, a comma's or a full stop's
 /// after it.

crates/engine/src/cmd/buildcmds.rs

@@ -16,10 +16,11 @@ use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_color::{Color, Paint};
 use vectorcraft_doc::appearance::{AppearanceItem, FillLayer, StrokeLayer};
 use vectorcraft_doc::{Appearance, Document, Node, NodeId, NodeKind, Selection};
-use vectorcraft_geom::{FillRule, Point, Rect, Shape as _};
+use vectorcraft_geom::{FillRule, PathData, Point, Rect};
 use vectorcraft_pathops as po;
 use vectorcraft_tools::builder::{
-    self as b, EDGE_NAME, FACE_NAME, LIVE_PAINT_NAME, SOURCES_NAME, edge_near, face_at, is_live_paint, sample_polyline, shapes_for, sorted_roots,
+    self as b, BuilderMap, EDGE_NAME, FACE_NAME, LIVE_PAINT_NAME, SOURCES_NAME, Touched, edge_near, face_at, is_live_paint, sample_polyline,
+    sorted_roots,
 };
 use vectorcraft_trace as tr;
 
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Shape Builder",
             [],
             None,
-            "{ids?: [id…] (default: selection), points: [[x,y]…] (drag path; one point = click), erase?: bool (Alt-drag deletes the regions), fill?: \"#rrggbb\" | {color|swatch|gradient|none} (default: the fill of the object under the first point)} → {ids, merged, regions}",
+            "{ids?: [id…] (default: selection), points: [[x,y]…] (drag path; one point = click), erase?: bool (Alt-drag deletes the regions, and the pieces of unfilled open paths within tolerance), tolerance?: pt (2, erase only), fill?: \"#rrggbb\" | {color|swatch|gradient|none} (default: the fill of the object under the first point; the current fill for an area only lines enclose)} → {ids, merged, regions, lines}",
             has_selection_or_ids,
             sb_merge
         ),
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Shape Builder Regions",
             [],
             None,
-            "{ids?} → {regions: [{bounds: [x0,y0,x1,y1], area, sources: [id…]}]} faces of the planar arrangement",
+            "{ids?} → {regions: [{bounds: [x0,y0,x1,y1], area, sources: [id…]}], lines: [{bounds, source: id}]} faces of the planar arrangement (unfilled open paths cut them; sources is empty for an area only they enclose) and the pieces of those open paths",
             has_selection_or_ids,
             sb_regions
         ),
@@ -224,37 +225,51 @@ fn sb_merge(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
         return Err(bad(C, "points must be a non-empty list of finite [x,y]"));
     }
     let erase = bool_or(p, "erase", false);
+    // Line pieces are only deleted (Alt), never merged.
+    let line_tol = erase.then(|| f64_or(p, "tolerance", 2.0).clamp(0.0, 1000.0));
     let fill = fill_param(s, p, C)?;
+    let current_fill = s.paint.fill.clone();
     let roots = root_ids(s, p)?;
     let label = if erase { "Shape Builder Delete" } else { "Shape Builder" };
-    let (ids, merged, count) = s.edit(label, |d, sel| {
-        let (shapes, leaves) = shapes_for(d, &roots);
+    let (ids, merged, regions, lines) = s.edit(label, |d, sel| {
+        let (map, leaves) = BuilderMap::new(d, &roots);
         let leaves: Vec<Node> = leaves.into_iter().cloned().collect();
-        if shapes.is_empty() {
+        if map.shapes.is_empty() {
             return Err(EngineError::Other("Shape Builder: select paths or compound paths".into()));
         }
-        let regs = po::regions(&shapes);
-        let shapes_r: Vec<(kurbo::BezPath, Rect)> = regs.iter().map(|r| (r.path.to_bezpath(), r.path.bounds().unwrap_or(Rect::ZERO))).collect();
         let step = (d.bounds_of(&roots, false).map(|r| r.width().max(r.height())).unwrap_or(100.0) / 2000.0).max(0.25);
-        let mut touched: Vec<usize> = vec![];
+        let mut touched = Touched::default();
         for q in sample_polyline(&pts, step) {
-            if let Some(i) = shapes_r.iter().position(|(bp, bb)| bb.contains(q) && bp.winding(q) != 0)
-                && !touched.contains(&i)
-            {
-                touched.push(i);
-            }
+            touched.add(map.hit(q, line_tol));
         }
         if touched.is_empty() {
             return Err(EngineError::Other("Shape Builder: no region under the pointer".into()));
         }
-        let picked: Vec<&po::Region> = touched.iter().map(|&i| &regs[i]).collect();
-        let union = po::merge_regions(&picked);
-        let affected: Vec<bool> = (0..shapes.len()).map(|i| picked.iter().any(|r| r.sources.contains(&i))).collect();
-        let style_src = regs[touched[0]].top();
+        let picked: Vec<&po::Region> = touched.regions.iter().filter_map(|&i| map.regions.get(i).map(|r| &r.0)).collect();
+        let union = if picked.is_empty() { PathData::default() } else { po::merge_regions(&picked) };
+        // The merged shape takes the look of the front-most object over the first region, or (for an
+        // area only lines enclose) of the front-most object and the current fill.
+        let covered = picked.iter().find_map(|r| r.top());
+        let style_src = covered.or(map.shapes.len().checked_sub(1));
+        let merged_fill = fill.or_else(|| covered.is_none().then_some(current_fill));
         let mut new_nodes: Vec<Node> = vec![];
         let mut merged_id = None;
-        for (i, (sh, leaf)) in shapes.iter().zip(&leaves).enumerate() {
-            if !affected[i] {
+        for (i, (sh, leaf)) in map.shapes.iter().zip(&leaves).enumerate() {
+            let pieces: Vec<usize> = map.lines.iter().enumerate().filter(|(_, (l, _))| l.key == i as u64).map(|(k, _)| k).collect();
+            if !pieces.is_empty() {
+                // An open path loses the pieces deleted and those between merged (or deleted) regions.
+                let keep: Vec<usize> =
+                    pieces.iter().copied().filter(|k| !touched.lines.contains(k) && !map.line_between(*k, &touched.regions)).collect();
+                if keep.len() == pieces.len() {
+                    new_nodes.push(d.reid(leaf));
+                } else {
+                    for k in keep {
+                        if let Some((l, _)) = map.lines.get(k) {
+                            new_nodes.push(shape_node(d, l.path.clone(), Some(leaf)));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            } else if !picked.iter().any(|r| r.sources.contains(&i)) {
                 new_nodes.push(d.reid(leaf));
             } else {
                 let rest = po::boolean(&sh.path, sh.rule, &union, FillRule::NonZero, po::BoolOp::Difference);
@@ -262,9 +277,9 @@ fn sb_merge(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
                     new_nodes.push(shape_node(d, rest, Some(leaf)));
                 }
             }
-            if !erase && Some(i) == style_src {
+            if !erase && !union.is_empty() && Some(i) == style_src {
                 let mut m = shape_node(d, union.clone(), Some(leaf));
-                if let Some(f) = &fill {
+                if let Some(f) = &merged_fill {
                     m.appearance.set_fill(f.clone());
                 }
                 merged_id = Some(m.id);
@@ -273,9 +288,9 @@ fn sb_merge(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
         }
         let new_ids = replace_roots(d, &roots, new_nodes)?;
         sel.set(new_ids.iter().copied());
-        Ok((new_ids, merged_id, touched.len()))
+        Ok((new_ids, merged_id, touched.regions.len(), touched.lines.len()))
     })?;
-    Ok(json!({ "ids": ids_json(&ids), "merged": merged.map(|m| m.0), "regions": count }))
+    Ok(json!({ "ids": ids_json(&ids), "merged": merged.map(|m| m.0), "regions": regions, "lines": lines }))
 }
 
 /// Remove the roots and insert `nodes` where the front-most root was. Returns the new ids.
@@ -300,20 +315,22 @@ fn replace_roots(d: &mut Document, roots: &[NodeId], nodes: Vec<Node>) -> Result
 fn sb_regions(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let roots = root_ids(s, p)?;
     let d = &s.doc()?.doc;
-    let (shapes, leaves) = shapes_for(d, &roots);
-    let regs = po::regions(&shapes);
-    let out: Vec<Value> = regs
+    let (map, leaves) = BuilderMap::new(d, &roots);
+    let id_of = |i: usize| leaves.get(i).map(|n| n.id.0);
+    let regions: Vec<Value> = map
+        .regions
         .iter()
-        .filter_map(|r| {
-            let bb = r.path.bounds()?;
-            Some(json!({
+        .map(|(r, _, bb)| {
+            json!({
                 "bounds": [bb.x0, bb.y0, bb.x1, bb.y1],
                 "area": po::area(&r.path, FillRule::NonZero),
-                "sources": r.sources.iter().map(|&i| leaves[i].id.0).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
-            }))
+                "sources": r.sources.iter().filter_map(|&i| id_of(i)).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            })
         })
         .collect();
-    Ok(json!({ "regions": out }))
+    let lines: Vec<Value> =
+        map.lines.iter().map(|(l, bb)| json!({ "bounds": [bb.x0, bb.y0, bb.x1, bb.y1], "source": id_of(l.key as usize) })).collect();
+    Ok(json!({ "regions": regions, "lines": lines }))
 }
 
 // ---------- Live Paint ----------

crates/engine/src/cmd/create.rs

@@ -166,7 +166,13 @@ fn rect_of(p: &Value, cmd: &str) -> Result<Rect> {
 fn rectangle(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let r = rect_of(p, "shape.rectangle")?;
     let radius = f64_or(p, "radius", 0.0).max(0.0);
-    let live = LiveShape::Rectangle { w: r.width(), h: r.height(), radii: [radius; 4], xf: Affine::translate(r.origin().to_vec2()) };
+    let live = LiveShape::Rectangle {
+        w: r.width(),
+        h: r.height(),
+        radii: [radius; 4],
+        kinds: Default::default(),
+        xf: Affine::translate(r.origin().to_vec2()),
+    };
     let label = if radius > 0.0 { "Rounded Rectangle" } else { "Rectangle" };
     add_art(s, label, path_kind(live.to_path(), Some(live)), None)
 }

crates/engine/src/cmd/menucmds.rs

@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ pub(crate) fn detect_shape(path: &PathData) -> Option<LiveShape> {
         }
         let rot = Affine::rotate(e0.y.atan2(e0.x));
         let flip = if e0.cross(e1) < 0.0 { Affine::scale_non_uniform(1.0, -1.0) } else { Affine::IDENTITY };
-        return Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii: [0.0; 4], xf: Affine::translate(a[0].p.to_vec2()) * rot * flip });
+        return Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii: [0.0; 4], kinds: Default::default(), xf: Affine::translate(a[0].p.to_vec2()) * rot * flip });
     }
     let b = path.bounds()?;
     let c = b.center();

crates/engine/src/cmd/object.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_color::{BlendMode, Paint};
 use vectorcraft_doc::{Appearance, Document, Knockout, Node, NodeId, NodeKind, OrientedBox, Scaling};
+use vectorcraft_geom::shapes::CornerKind;
 use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, FillRule, Point, Rect, Vec2};
 
 use super::edit::{duplicate_in, selected_roots};
@@ -180,7 +181,15 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             set_bounds
         ),
         cmd!("object.expandShape", "Expand Shape", ["Object", "Shape"], None, "{} convert live shapes to plain paths", has_selection, expand_shape),
-        cmd!("object.setLiveShape", "Live Shape Properties", [], None, "{id?, radius?: pt (all corners), sides?: n}", has_selection, set_live_shape),
+        cmd!(
+            "object.setLiveShape",
+            "Live Shape Properties",
+            [],
+            None,
+            "{id?, ids?, radius?: pt, kind?: \"round\"|\"invertedRound\"|\"chamfer\", corners?: [0..3…], sides?: n} (Live Corners: radius and kind set a rectangle's corners: `corners` (0 top-left, 1 top-right, 2 bottom-right, 3 bottom-left), else the corners with a Direct-Selected anchor, else all four; sides: a polygon's)",
+            has_selection,
+            set_live_shape
+        ),
     ]
 }
 
@@ -962,15 +971,50 @@ fn expand_shape(s: &mut Session, _: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     ok()
 }
 
+/// The `corners` of `object.setLiveShape`: a mask of corner indices 0–3.
+fn corners_param(p: &Value) -> Result<Option<[bool; 4]>> {
+    let Some(v) = p.get("corners").filter(|v| !v.is_null()) else { return Ok(None) };
+    let err = || {
+        bad(
+            "object.setLiveShape",
+            format!("`corners` must list corner indices 0–3 (0 top-left, 1 top-right, 2 bottom-right, 3 bottom-left), not {v}"),
+        )
+    };
+    let mut mask = [false; 4];
+    for k in v.as_array().ok_or_else(err)? {
+        let slot = k.as_u64().and_then(|k| mask.get_mut(usize::try_from(k).ok()?)).ok_or_else(err)?;
+        *slot = true;
+    }
+    Ok(Some(mask))
+}
+
 fn set_live_shape(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
     let ids = targets(s, p)?;
-    s.edit("Live Shape", |d, _| {
+    let corners = corners_param(p)?;
+    let kind = p
+        .get("kind")
+        .filter(|v| !v.is_null())
+        .map(|v| {
+            serde_json::from_value::<CornerKind>(v.clone())
+                .map_err(|_| bad("object.setLiveShape", format!("`kind` must be \"round\", \"invertedRound\" or \"chamfer\", not {v}")))
+        })
+        .transpose()?;
+    let radius = p.get("radius").and_then(Value::as_f64);
+    s.edit("Live Shape", |d, sel| {
         for id in &ids {
             let Some(NodeKind::Path { path, live: Some(live), .. }) = d.node_mut(*id).map(|n| &mut n.kind) else { continue };
+            let partial = sel.anchors.get_mut(id);
+            let picked = corners.unwrap_or_else(|| live.picked_corners(partial.as_deref()));
+            let (layout, selected) = (live.anchor_corners(), partial.as_deref().map(|a| live.corners_of(a)));
             match live {
-                vectorcraft_doc::LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, .. } => {
-                    if let Some(r) = p.get("radius").and_then(Value::as_f64) {
-                        *radii = [r.max(0.0); 4];
+                vectorcraft_doc::LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, kinds, .. } => {
+                    for ((_, r), k) in picked.iter().zip(radii.iter_mut()).zip(kinds.iter_mut()).filter(|((on, _), _)| **on) {
+                        if let Some(radius) = radius {
+                            *r = radius.max(0.0);
+                        }
+                        if let Some(kind) = kind {
+                            *k = kind;
+                        }
                     }
                 }
                 vectorcraft_doc::LiveShape::Polygon { sides, .. } => {
@@ -981,6 +1025,12 @@ fn set_live_shape(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
                 _ => {}
             }
             *path = live.to_path();
+            // Direct-Selected corners stay selected as they gain or lose anchors.
+            if let (Some(anchors), Some(selected)) = (partial, selected)
+                && live.anchor_corners() != layout
+            {
+                *anchors = live.corner_anchors(selected);
+            }
         }
         Ok(())
     })?;

crates/engine/src/cmd/panelcmds.rs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ pub fn specs() -> Vec<CommandSpec> {
             "Character / Paragraph",
             [],
             None,
-            "{ids?|id?, kerning?: 1/1000 em|\"auto\", baselineShift?: pt, hScale?: %, vScale?: %, rotation?: deg, underline?, strikethrough?, allCaps?, smallCaps?: bool, position?: \"normal\"|\"superscript\"|\"subscript\" (sizes from Document Setup), leftIndent?, rightIndent?, firstLineIndent?, spaceBefore?, spaceAfter?: pt, hyphenate?: bool, mojikumi?: \"none\"|\"lineEndHalf\" (Japanese punctuation spacing), direction?: \"auto\"|\"leftToRight\"|\"rightToLeft\" (paragraph direction; auto: from each paragraph's first strong character)}",
+            "{ids?|id?, kerning?: 1/1000 em|\"auto\", baselineShift?: pt, hScale?: %, vScale?: %, rotation?: deg, underline?, strikethrough?, allCaps?, smallCaps?: bool, position?: \"normal\"|\"superscript\"|\"subscript\" (sizes from Document Setup), leftIndent?, rightIndent?, firstLineIndent?, spaceBefore?, spaceAfter?: pt, hyphenate?: bool, mojikumi?: \"none\"|\"lineEndHalf\" (Japanese punctuation spacing), direction?: \"auto\"|\"leftToRight\"|\"rightToLeft\" (paragraph direction; auto: from each paragraph's first strong character), leadingModel?: \"romanBaseline\"|\"emBoxTop\" (leading measured baseline to baseline, or em box top to top)}",
             has_doc,
             set_format
         ),
@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ fn set_format(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
         "hyphenate",
         "mojikumi",
         "direction",
+        "leadingModel",
     ];
     if !keys.iter().any(|k| p.get(*k).is_some()) {
         return Err(bad(C, "nothing to change"));
@@ -135,6 +136,14 @@ fn set_format(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
             _ => return Err(bad(C, "`direction` must be \"auto\", \"leftToRight\" or \"rightToLeft\"")),
         }),
     };
+    let leading_model = match p.get("leadingModel") {
+        None => None,
+        Some(v) => Some(match v.as_str() {
+            Some("romanBaseline") => vectorcraft_doc::LeadingModel::RomanBaseline,
+            Some("emBoxTop") => vectorcraft_doc::LeadingModel::EmBoxTop,
+            _ => return Err(bad(C, "`leadingModel` must be \"romanBaseline\" or \"emBoxTop\"")),
+        }),
+    };
     s.edit("Character", |d, _| {
         for id in &ids {
             let Some(NodeKind::Text(t)) = d.node_mut(*id).map(|n| &mut n.kind) else { continue };
@@ -196,6 +205,9 @@ fn set_format(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
             if let Some(v) = direction {
                 para.direction = v;
             }
+            if let Some(v) = leading_model {
+                para.leading_model = v;
+            }
             super::typecmd::refresh_bounds(t);
         }
         Ok(())

crates/engine/src/cmd/recovery.rs

@@ -13,9 +13,17 @@
 //!
 //! Every running app (each browser tab) keeps its copies in an area of its own, `<area>/…`, and
 //! holds it while it runs: a lock on the area for its lifetime where the store has locks (folders:
-//! [`FolderStore`]), else a heartbeat it refreshes ([`heartbeat`]; browser storage). Only areas
-//! nobody holds any more (their app is gone) are offered, and while their copies are restored or
-//! discarded the area is held, so two apps launched together never both take it.
+//! [`FolderStore`]), else a heartbeat it refreshes ([`heartbeat`]; browser storage) plus, where the
+//! store can, an announcement that lasts as long as the app ([`RecoveryStore::announce`]: the
+//! browser's Web Locks). Only areas nobody holds any more (their app is gone) are offered, and
+//! while their copies are restored or discarded the area is held, so two apps launched together
+//! never both take it.
+//!
+//! A heartbeat alone can't tell a gone app from one whose timers stopped (a background tab), so
+//! when unsure an area counts as held, and its app repairs what another app did meanwhile: each
+//! heartbeat and each recovery save write again the copies missing from its area ([`repair`]), and
+//! a heartbeat newer than the one another app wrote when taking the area over marks it running
+//! again.
 //!
 //! Each copy is two entries: `<area>/<file>.vectorcraft` (the native document, written as a save
 //! writes it) and `<area>/<file>.json` (its title, original path and format, and when it was
@@ -86,6 +94,17 @@ pub trait RecoveryStore: Send + Sync {
     fn lock(&self, _area: &str) -> std::result::Result<Lock, String> {
         Ok(Lock::Unsupported)
     }
+    /// Stores without locks: also hold area `area` in a way other apps can see that lasts exactly as
+    /// long as this app runs, if the store has one (the browser's Web Locks) → it, until dropped.
+    fn announce(&self, _area: &str) -> Option<Hold> {
+        None
+    }
+    /// Stores without locks: does a running app hold area `area` by [`RecoveryStore::announce`]?
+    /// `None`: the store can't tell (heartbeats alone decide). A store that can tell but isn't sure
+    /// right now says `Some(true)`: a copy kept loses nothing, one deleted may.
+    fn announced(&self, _area: &str) -> Option<bool> {
+        None
+    }
     /// Tidy away area `area` once it holds no copies and nobody holds it (its lock file and folder).
     fn remove_area(&self, _area: &str) {}
     /// The clock heartbeats are judged by (Unix seconds; `None`: none, so no area counts as gone).
@@ -96,17 +115,19 @@ pub trait RecoveryStore: Send + Sync {
 
 /// A store in memory (tests, and hosts without storage). Areas are locked in memory, so sessions
 /// sharing one store behave like apps sharing a folder; [`MemoryStore::without_locks`] uses
-/// heartbeats like browser storage, judged by a clock tests set ([`MemoryStore::set_now`]).
+/// heartbeats like browser storage, judged by a clock tests set ([`MemoryStore::set_now`]), and
+/// [`MemoryStore::announcing`] adds announcements like the browser's Web Locks.
 pub struct MemoryStore {
     entries: Mutex<BTreeMap<String, Vec<u8>>>,
     held: Arc<Mutex<BTreeSet<String>>>,
     locks: bool,
+    announces: bool,
     now: Mutex<Option<i64>>,
 }
 
 impl Default for MemoryStore {
     fn default() -> Self {
-        Self { entries: Default::default(), held: Default::default(), locks: true, now: Mutex::new(Some(1_000_000)) }
+        Self { entries: Default::default(), held: Default::default(), locks: true, announces: false, now: Mutex::new(Some(1_000_000)) }
     }
 }
 
@@ -116,6 +137,19 @@ impl MemoryStore {
         Self { locks: false, ..Self::default() }
     }
 
+    /// A store without locks whose apps also announce the areas they hold for as long as they run
+    /// (as the browser's Web Locks do).
+    pub fn announcing() -> Self {
+        Self { announces: true, ..Self::without_locks() }
+    }
+
+    fn hold(&self, area: &str) -> Option<Hold> {
+        if !self.held.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).insert(area.to_string()) {
+            return None;
+        }
+        Some(Box::new(MemoryHold { held: self.held.clone(), area: area.to_string() }))
+    }
+
     /// Set the clock heartbeats are judged by.
     pub fn set_now(&self, t: i64) {
         *self.now.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()) = Some(t);
@@ -160,10 +194,16 @@ impl RecoveryStore for MemoryStore {
         if !self.locks {
             return Ok(Lock::Unsupported);
         }
-        if !self.held.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).insert(area.to_string()) {
-            return Ok(Lock::Busy);
+        Ok(self.hold(area).map_or(Lock::Busy, Lock::Held))
+    }
+    fn announce(&self, area: &str) -> Option<Hold> {
+        if !self.announces {
+            return None;
         }
-        Ok(Lock::Held(Box::new(MemoryHold { held: self.held.clone(), area: area.to_string() })))
+        self.hold(area)
+    }
+    fn announced(&self, area: &str) -> Option<bool> {
+        self.announces.then(|| self.held.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).contains(area))
     }
     fn now(&self) -> Option<i64> {
         *self.now.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner())
@@ -288,8 +328,11 @@ struct Own {
     /// The store it is in (copies are removed from there even after the preference moves on).
     store: Arc<dyn RecoveryStore>,
     area: String,
-    /// The lock held for the session's lifetime; none in stores with heartbeats.
+    /// What holds the area for the session's lifetime: its lock, else its announcement (stores
+    /// without locks that have them).
     hold: Option<Hold>,
+    /// Held with a heartbeat (stores without locks).
+    beats: bool,
 }
 
 /// The session's recovery store settings and its own area ([`crate::Session::recovery`]).
@@ -300,9 +343,10 @@ pub struct Recovery {
     /// The folder the desktop app keeps copies in when the `recoveryFolder` preference is empty.
     default_folder: Option<String>,
     own: Option<Own>,
-    /// Gone apps' areas this session took over by heartbeat (stores without locks), so its own
-    /// fresh heartbeat there doesn't make them look running.
-    adopted: BTreeSet<String>,
+    /// Gone apps' areas this session took over by heartbeat (stores without locks), with the
+    /// heartbeat it wrote there: that one doesn't make them look running, a newer one does (their
+    /// app was only paused and came back).
+    adopted: BTreeMap<String, i64>,
 }
 
 impl Recovery {
@@ -354,31 +398,52 @@ fn stale_after(s: &Session) -> i64 {
     (i64::from(s.prefs.autosave_interval.max(1)) * 180).max(MIN_STALE)
 }
 
-/// Record that `area`'s app runs (stores without locks).
-fn beat(store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str) -> std::result::Result<(), String> {
+/// Record that `area`'s app runs (stores without locks) → the heartbeat written.
+fn beat(store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str) -> std::result::Result<i64, String> {
     let now = store.now().ok_or("no clock to keep a heartbeat by")?;
-    store.write(&format!("{area}/{BEAT}"), now.to_string().as_bytes())
+    store.write(&format!("{area}/{BEAT}"), now.to_string().as_bytes())?;
+    Ok(now)
 }
 
-/// Has `area`'s app said it runs within `stale` seconds (stores without locks)? Without a clock
-/// every app counts as running.
-fn beating(store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str, stale: i64) -> bool {
+/// Has `area`'s app said it runs within `stale` seconds (stores without locks)? `mine`: the
+/// heartbeat this session wrote there itself when taking the area over, which doesn't count.
+/// Without a clock every app counts as running.
+fn beating(store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str, stale: i64, mine: Option<i64>) -> bool {
     let Some(now) = store.now() else { return true };
     let at = store.read(&format!("{area}/{BEAT}")).ok().and_then(|b| String::from_utf8(b).ok()).and_then(|t| t.trim().parse::<i64>().ok());
-    at.is_some_and(|t| now.saturating_sub(t) <= stale)
+    at.is_some_and(|t| now.saturating_sub(t) <= stale && Some(t) != mine)
 }
 
-/// Refresh this session's heartbeat in a store without locks (the app does this every
-/// [`HEARTBEAT_EVERY`] seconds). Best effort: a missed beat only lets another app offer the copies
-/// once three intervals have passed.
-pub fn heartbeat(s: &Session) {
-    if let Some(own) = s.recovery.own.as_ref().filter(|o| o.hold.is_none()) {
+/// Refresh this session's hold on its area (the app does this every [`HEARTBEAT_EVERY`] seconds,
+/// so also on its first frame after its timers were paused): its heartbeat in a store without
+/// locks, and its copies ([`repair`]) → the documents whose copies went missing (write them now).
+/// Best effort: a missed beat only lets another app offer the copies once three intervals have
+/// passed.
+pub fn heartbeat(s: &mut Session) -> Vec<u64> {
+    if let Some(own) = s.recovery.own.as_ref().filter(|o| o.beats) {
         let _ = beat(own.store.as_ref(), &own.area);
     }
+    repair(s)
+}
+
+/// Forget this session's copies that are missing from its area, so the next recovery save writes
+/// them again → their documents' uids. Another app removes them only when it took this one for
+/// gone (its heartbeat stopped while its timers were paused, as browsers do to background tabs); a
+/// copy it restored is its own now, so both are kept. A store that can't be listed changes nothing.
+pub fn repair(s: &mut Session) -> Vec<u64> {
+    let Some(names) = s.recovery.own.as_ref().and_then(|o| o.store.list().ok()) else { return vec![] };
+    let mut lost = vec![];
+    for st in &mut s.docs {
+        if st.recovery.as_ref().is_some_and(|c| !names.iter().any(|n| n.strip_suffix(DOC_EXT) == Some(c.file.as_str()))) {
+            st.recovery = None;
+            lost.push(st.uid);
+        }
+    }
+    lost
 }
 
 /// This session's area in `store`, taken now if it has none there yet: a fresh area, held for the
-/// session's lifetime (locked, or with a heartbeat).
+/// session's lifetime (locked, or with a heartbeat and an announcement where the store has them).
 pub fn claim(s: &mut Session, store: &Arc<dyn RecoveryStore>) -> Result<String> {
     if let Some(own) = &s.recovery.own {
         if own.store.location() == store.location() {
@@ -394,15 +459,15 @@ pub fn claim(s: &mut Session, store: &Arc<dyn RecoveryStore>) -> Result<String>
         if taken.contains(&area) {
             continue;
         }
-        let hold = match store.lock(&area).map_err(EngineError::Other)? {
-            Lock::Held(h) => Some(h),
+        let (hold, beats) = match store.lock(&area).map_err(EngineError::Other)? {
+            Lock::Held(h) => (Some(h), false),
             Lock::Busy => continue,
             Lock::Unsupported => {
                 beat(store.as_ref(), &area).map_err(EngineError::Other)?;
-                None
+                (store.announce(&area), true)
             }
         };
-        s.recovery.own = Some(Own { store: store.clone(), area: area.clone(), hold });
+        s.recovery.own = Some(Own { store: store.clone(), area: area.clone(), hold, beats });
         return Ok(area);
     }
     Err(EngineError::Other("no free recovery area".into()))
@@ -413,7 +478,7 @@ pub fn release(s: &mut Session) {
     for st in &mut s.docs {
         st.recovery = None;
     }
-    let Some(Own { store, area, hold }) = s.recovery.own.take() else { return };
+    let Some(Own { store, area, hold, .. }) = s.recovery.own.take() else { return };
     let mine = |n: &String| n.split_once('/').is_some_and(|(a, _)| a == area);
     for name in store.list().unwrap_or_default().iter().filter(|n| mine(n)) {
         let _ = store.remove(name);
@@ -422,6 +487,22 @@ pub fn release(s: &mut Session) {
     store.remove_area(&area);
 }
 
+/// Let go of this session's area but leave its copies, as a crash would, so the next app started
+/// offers them at once instead of waiting for the heartbeat to go stale: for an app that can't go
+/// on (the web page lost its graphics and has to be reloaded). Its documents keep no copies.
+pub fn leave(s: &mut Session) {
+    for st in &mut s.docs {
+        st.recovery = None;
+    }
+    let Some(Own { store, area, hold, beats }) = s.recovery.own.take() else { return };
+    if beats {
+        // Best effort: if the heartbeat stays, the copies are offered once it is stale.
+        let _ = store.remove(&format!("{area}/{BEAT}"));
+    }
+    // The lock or announcement goes too.
+    drop(hold);
+}
+
 /// A document's recovery copy: its entry and the document it holds.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct RecoveryCopy {
@@ -531,6 +612,8 @@ fn fresh_name(area: &str, stem: &str, taken: &[String]) -> String {
 /// when it has none and a copy is needed) → (jobs, skipped: `[{title, reason}]` for modified
 /// documents that get none).
 pub fn jobs(s: &mut Session, store: &Arc<dyn RecoveryStore>) -> Result<(Vec<RecoveryJob>, Vec<Value>)> {
+    // Copies another app removed are written again.
+    repair(s);
     let skipped: Vec<Value> = s
         .documents()
         .iter()
@@ -628,7 +711,9 @@ enum Owner {
 
 /// Whose `area` of `store` is. A gone app's area is held by the caller (its lock in `hold` until
 /// dropped) and, with `take` in a store without locks, taken over with a fresh heartbeat, so
-/// another app leaves it alone meanwhile.
+/// another app leaves it alone meanwhile. In a store without locks an area is gone only when
+/// nothing says its app runs: no announcement (or the store can't tell) and no heartbeat for three
+/// intervals but the one this session wrote taking it over.
 fn owner(s: &mut Session, store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str, hold: &mut Vec<Hold>, take: bool) -> Owner {
     if s.recovery.own.as_ref().is_some_and(|o| o.area == area && o.store.location() == store.location()) {
         return Owner::Mine;
@@ -640,14 +725,12 @@ fn owner(s: &mut Session, store: &dyn RecoveryStore, area: &str, hold: &mut Vec<
         }
         Ok(Lock::Busy) | Err(_) => Owner::Running,
         Ok(Lock::Unsupported) => {
-            if !s.recovery.adopted.contains(area) && beating(store, area, stale_after(s)) {
+            if store.announced(area).unwrap_or(false) || beating(store, area, stale_after(s), s.recovery.adopted.get(area).copied()) {
                 return Owner::Running;
             }
-            if take {
-                // Best effort: without it another app might offer the copies too, which loses
-                // nothing.
-                let _ = beat(store, area);
-                s.recovery.adopted.insert(area.to_string());
+            // Best effort: without it another app might offer the copies too, which loses nothing.
+            if take && let Ok(t) = beat(store, area) {
+                s.recovery.adopted.insert(area.to_string(), t);
             }
             Owner::Gone
         }

crates/engine/src/cmd/typecmd.rs

@@ -408,6 +408,31 @@ fn reshape_area(s: &mut Session, p: &Value) -> Result<Value> {
 mod area_tests {
     use super::*;
 
+    #[test]
+    fn leading_model_is_set_per_paragraph_and_saved_only_when_top_to_top() {
+        use vectorcraft_doc::LeadingModel;
+        let mut s = Session::new();
+        s.execute("file.new", &json!({"width": 400, "height": 400})).unwrap();
+        let id = s.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 10, "text": "一\n二", "area": {"width": 200, "height": 100}})).unwrap()["id"]
+            .as_u64()
+            .unwrap();
+        let text = |s: &Session| match &s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(NodeId(id)).unwrap().kind {
+            NodeKind::Text(t) => (**t).clone(),
+            _ => panic!("text"),
+        };
+        assert_eq!(text(&s).para.leading_model, LeadingModel::RomanBaseline);
+        s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [id]})).unwrap();
+        assert!(s.execute("text.setFormat", &json!({"leadingModel": "middle"})).is_err());
+        let before = text(&s).cached_bounds;
+        s.execute("text.setFormat", &json!({"leadingModel": "emBoxTop"})).unwrap();
+        let t = text(&s);
+        assert_eq!(t.para.leading_model, LeadingModel::EmBoxTop);
+        assert_ne!(t.cached_bounds, before, "the first line moves up to the frame's top");
+        assert_eq!(serde_json::to_value(&t.para).unwrap()["leading_model"], "emBoxTop");
+        s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        assert!(serde_json::to_value(&text(&s).para).unwrap().get("leading_model").is_none());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn new_type_is_composed_with_line_end_half_width_punctuation() {
         use vectorcraft_doc::Mojikumi;

crates/engine/src/lib.rs

@@ -79,8 +79,10 @@ pub struct Interaction {
     pub doc: Arc<Document>,
     pub selection: Selection,
     pub preview: Option<(String, Value)>,
-    /// Per-document state restored on cancel (current layer, isolation).
+    /// Per-document state restored on cancel (current layer, highlighted Layers panel rows,
+    /// isolation).
     pub active_layer: Option<NodeId>,
+    pub layer_rows: Vec<NodeId>,
     pub isolation: Option<NodeId>,
     /// The perspective transform the previews make (`perspective.transform` params): Transform
     /// Again repeats it once the drag is committed.
@@ -206,6 +208,7 @@ impl DocState {
             self.doc = it.doc;
             self.selection = it.selection;
             self.active_layer = it.active_layer;
+            self.layer_rows = it.layer_rows;
             self.isolation = it.isolation;
             self.revision += 1;
         }
@@ -1114,6 +1117,7 @@ impl Session {
             selection: st.selection.clone(),
             preview: None,
             active_layer: st.active_layer,
+            layer_rows: st.layer_rows.clone(),
             isolation: st.isolation,
             perspective_again: None,
         });
@@ -1301,6 +1305,8 @@ mod tests_liquify;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_live;
 #[cfg(test)]
+mod tests_livecorners;
+#[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_maskview;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests_menucmds;

crates/engine/src/tests_build.rs

@@ -172,6 +172,154 @@ fn shape_builder_tool_drives_the_command() {
     assert_eq!(layer_children(&s), 1);
 }
 
+/// A red 100 × 100 square crossed by a stroke-only vertical line at x = 50, both selected.
+fn square_and_line(s: &mut Session) -> (NodeId, NodeId) {
+    let a = rect(s, 0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0);
+    set_fill(s, a, Color::rgb(1.0, 0.0, 0.0));
+    let l = line(s, (50.0, -20.0), (50.0, 120.0));
+    s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [a.0, l.0]})).unwrap();
+    (a, l)
+}
+
+/// The open paths among `ids`, as (anchors, bounds).
+fn open_paths(s: &Session, ids: &[NodeId]) -> Vec<(usize, Rect)> {
+    ids.iter()
+        .map(|i| node(s, *i))
+        .filter(|n| !outline(n).0.is_closed())
+        .map(|n| (outline(&n).0.anchor_count(), n.geometric_bounds().unwrap()))
+        .collect()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn shape_builder_line_splits_a_shape_into_regions() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let (a, l) = square_and_line(&mut s);
+    let r = s.execute("shapeBuilder.regions", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let regs = r["regions"].as_array().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(regs.len(), 2, "{r}");
+    for x in regs {
+        assert!((x["area"].as_f64().unwrap() - 5000.0).abs() < 1e-6);
+        assert_eq!(x["sources"], json!([a.0]));
+    }
+    let lines = r["lines"].as_array().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(lines.len(), 3, "the line cut at both sides of the square");
+    assert!(lines.iter().all(|x| x["source"] == l.0));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn shape_builder_click_on_a_side_of_a_line_splits_the_shape() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    square_and_line(&mut s);
+    let r = s.execute("shapeBuilder.merge", &json!({"points": [[25, 50]]})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r["regions"], 1);
+    let out = ids(&r);
+    let merged = NodeId(r["merged"].as_u64().unwrap());
+    assert_eq!(node(&s, merged).geometric_bounds().unwrap(), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 50.0, 100.0));
+    assert_eq!(node(&s, merged).appearance.fill_paint(), Paint::solid(Color::rgb(1.0, 0.0, 0.0)));
+    let closed: Vec<f64> = out.iter().filter(|i| outline(&node(&s, **i)).0.is_closed()).map(|i| area(&s, *i)).collect();
+    assert_eq!(closed.len(), 2, "both halves");
+    assert!(closed.iter().all(|a| (a - 5000.0).abs() < 1.0), "{closed:?}");
+    // The line only bounds the region: it stays whole.
+    assert_eq!(open_paths(&s, &out), vec![(2, Rect::new(50.0, -20.0, 50.0, 120.0))]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn shape_builder_merge_across_a_line_removes_the_piece_between() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    square_and_line(&mut s);
+    let r = s.execute("shapeBuilder.merge", &json!({"points": [[25, 50], [75, 50]]})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r["regions"], 2);
+    let out = ids(&r);
+    let merged = NodeId(r["merged"].as_u64().unwrap());
+    assert!((area(&s, merged) - 10000.0).abs() < 1.0);
+    assert_eq!(out.len(), 3, "merged square + the line's two loose ends");
+    let mut ends = open_paths(&s, &out);
+    ends.sort_by(|a, b| a.1.y0.total_cmp(&b.1.y0));
+    assert_eq!(ends, vec![(2, Rect::new(50.0, -20.0, 50.0, 0.0)), (2, Rect::new(50.0, 100.0, 50.0, 120.0))]);
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(layer_children(&s), 2);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn shape_builder_alt_deletes_a_region_or_a_line_piece() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    square_and_line(&mut s);
+    let r = s.execute("shapeBuilder.merge", &json!({"points": [[75, 50]], "erase": true})).unwrap();
+    assert!(r["merged"].is_null());
+    let out = ids(&r);
+    let left: Vec<NodeId> = out.iter().copied().filter(|i| outline(&node(&s, *i)).0.is_closed()).collect();
+    assert_eq!(left.len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(node(&s, left[0]).geometric_bounds().unwrap(), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 50.0, 100.0));
+    assert_eq!(open_paths(&s, &out).len(), 1, "the line stays whole");
+
+    // Alt on the line inside the square deletes that piece only.
+    let mut s = session();
+    square_and_line(&mut s);
+    let r = s.execute("shapeBuilder.merge", &json!({"points": [[51, 50]], "erase": true, "tolerance": 2})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((r["regions"].as_u64(), r["lines"].as_u64()), (Some(0), Some(1)));
+    let out = ids(&r);
+    assert_eq!(out.len(), 3);
+    let sq: Vec<NodeId> = out.iter().copied().filter(|i| outline(&node(&s, *i)).0.is_closed()).collect();
+    assert_eq!(sq.len(), 1);
+    assert!((area(&s, sq[0]) - 10000.0).abs() < 1.0, "the square is untouched");
+    assert_eq!(open_paths(&s, &out).len(), 2);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn shape_builder_fills_an_area_lines_enclose() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let l1 = line(&mut s, (0.0, 0.0), (100.0, 100.0));
+    let l2 = line(&mut s, (100.0, 0.0), (0.0, 100.0));
+    let l3 = line(&mut s, (-10.0, 80.0), (110.0, 80.0));
+    s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [l1.0, l2.0, l3.0]})).unwrap();
+    let r = s.execute("shapeBuilder.regions", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r["regions"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(r["regions"][0]["sources"], json!([]));
+    let r = s.execute("shapeBuilder.merge", &json!({"points": [[50, 70]]})).unwrap();
+    let merged = NodeId(r["merged"].as_u64().unwrap());
+    assert!((area(&s, merged) - 900.0).abs() < 1e-6, "{}", area(&s, merged));
+    assert_eq!(node(&s, merged).appearance.fill_paint(), s.paint.fill, "the current fill");
+    assert!(!node(&s, merged).appearance.stroke_paint().is_none(), "the lines' stroke");
+    assert_eq!(ids(&r).len(), 4, "the triangle + the three lines, which only bound it");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn shape_builder_closes_filled_open_paths() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    let r = s.execute("path.create", &json!({"anchors": [{"x": 0, "y": 0}, {"x": 100, "y": 0}, {"x": 100, "y": 100}]})).unwrap();
+    let p = NodeId(r["id"].as_u64().unwrap());
+    set_fill(&mut s, p, Color::rgb(0.0, 1.0, 0.0));
+    s.execute("select.set", &json!({"ids": [p.0]})).unwrap();
+    let r = s.execute("shapeBuilder.regions", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r["regions"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 1, "the fill's area, closed by an invisible edge");
+    assert!((r["regions"][0]["area"].as_f64().unwrap() - 5000.0).abs() < 1e-6);
+    assert_eq!(r["lines"], json!([]));
+    // Unfilled, it is only an edge.
+    s.edit("t", |d, _| {
+        d.node_mut(p).unwrap().appearance.set_fill(Paint::None);
+        Ok(())
+    })
+    .unwrap();
+    let r = s.execute("shapeBuilder.regions", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r["regions"], json!([]));
+    assert_eq!(r["lines"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 1);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn shape_builder_tool_alt_deletes_line_pieces() {
+    let mut s = session();
+    square_and_line(&mut s);
+    let v = ViewInfo::default();
+    s.select_tool("shapeBuilder", v).unwrap();
+    let alt = Mods { alt: true, ..Default::default() };
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Move, 51.0, 50.0).with_mods(alt), v).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.overlays(v).len(), 1, "the line piece is highlighted");
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Down, 51.0, 50.0).with_mods(alt), v).unwrap();
+    s.pointer(&PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Up, 51.0, 50.0).with_mods(alt), v).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(s.journal.last().unwrap().0, "shapeBuilder.merge");
+    assert_eq!(layer_children(&s), 3, "square + the line's two loose ends");
+}
+
 // ---------- Live Paint ----------
 
 fn live(s: &mut Session) -> NodeId {

crates/engine/src/tests_journal.rs

@@ -231,3 +231,21 @@ fn a_failed_batch_brings_back_a_document_it_reverted() {
     assert!(st.is_dirty() && st.interaction.is_none());
     assert!(st.revision > revision, "the restored document redraws");
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn a_failed_batch_gives_back_the_highlighted_rows_and_the_current_layer() {
+    let mut s = Session::new();
+    s.execute("file.new", &json!({"created": null})).unwrap();
+    let layer = s.doc().unwrap().doc.layers[0].id;
+    // A step that highlights the layer's row, then one that fails: the highlight goes back too.
+    let steps = json!([{"command": "layer.setCurrent", "params": {"id": layer.0}}, {"command": "no.such.command"}]);
+    assert!(s.execute("command.batch", &json!({ "commands": steps })).is_err());
+    assert!(s.doc().unwrap().layer_rows.is_empty(), "no row stays highlighted");
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().active_layer, Some(layer));
+    // So Collect in New Layer acts on the drawn rectangle, as it does when the journal is replayed
+    // (a failed batch isn't journaled).
+    s.execute("shape.rectangle", &json!({"x": 0, "y": 0, "width": 1, "height": 1})).unwrap();
+    s.execute("layer.collectInNew", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let r = replayed(&s);
+    assert_eq!(documents(&r), documents(&s));
+}

crates/engine/src/tests_livecorners.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+//! Live Corners on live rectangles: `object.setLiveShape` rounds the given corners, the
+//! Direct-Selected ones or all four, sets corner kinds, and keeps selected corners selected.
+
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+
+use serde_json::{Value, json};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{AnchorRef, LiveShape, NodeKind};
+use vectorcraft_geom::shapes::CornerKind;
+
+use super::*;
+
+/// A 100 × 60 pt live rectangle at (10, 10), selected.
+fn session() -> (Session, NodeId) {
+    let mut s = Session::new();
+    s.execute("file.new", &json!({"width": 400, "height": 400})).unwrap();
+    let id = s.execute("shape.rectangle", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 10, "width": 100, "height": 60})).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    (s, NodeId(id))
+}
+
+fn run(s: &mut Session, p: Value) {
+    s.execute("object.setLiveShape", &p).unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("{p}: {e}"));
+}
+
+fn corners(s: &Session, id: NodeId) -> ([f64; 4], [CornerKind; 4], usize) {
+    let n = s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(id).unwrap();
+    let NodeKind::Path { live: Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, kinds, .. }), path, .. } = &n.kind else { panic!("not a live rectangle") };
+    (*radii, *kinds, path.anchor_count())
+}
+
+fn selected_anchors(s: &Session, id: NodeId) -> Option<BTreeSet<AnchorRef>> {
+    s.doc().unwrap().selection.partial(id).cloned()
+}
+
+fn anchors(v: &[usize]) -> BTreeSet<AnchorRef> {
+    v.iter().map(|ai| (0, *ai)).collect()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_whole_rectangle_rounds_all_corners_and_given_corners_alone() {
+    let (mut s, id) = session();
+    run(&mut s, json!({"radius": 8}));
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id), ([8.0; 4], [CornerKind::Round; 4], 8));
+    run(&mut s, json!({"id": id.0, "radius": 0}));
+    // One corner: only it rounds, and the path gains one anchor (one undo step).
+    let undo = s.doc().unwrap().history.undo.len();
+    run(&mut s, json!({"ids": [id.0], "corners": [1], "radius": 12}));
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id), ([0.0, 12.0, 0.0, 0.0], [CornerKind::Round; 4], 5));
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().history.undo.len(), undo + 1);
+    let b = s.doc().unwrap().doc.node(id).unwrap().geometric_bounds().unwrap();
+    assert!((b.x1 - 110.0).abs() < 1e-9 && (b.y0 - 10.0).abs() < 1e-9, "the shape keeps its bounds: {b:?}");
+    // Kinds alone, then both; the others stay as they were.
+    run(&mut s, json!({"corners": [1, 3], "kind": "chamfer"}));
+    run(&mut s, json!({"corners": [3], "radius": 5, "kind": "invertedRound"}));
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id), ([0.0, 12.0, 0.0, 5.0], [CornerKind::Round, CornerKind::Chamfer, CornerKind::Round, CornerKind::InvertedRound], 6));
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id).1[3], CornerKind::Chamfer);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn bad_corners_and_kinds_are_errors() {
+    let (mut s, id) = session();
+    for p in
+        [json!({"corners": [4], "radius": 5}), json!({"corners": ["a"]}), json!({"corners": 1}), json!({"corners": [-1]}), json!({"kind": "wavy"})]
+    {
+        assert!(s.execute("object.setLiveShape", &p).is_err(), "{p}");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id), ([0.0; 4], [CornerKind::Round; 4], 4), "nothing changed");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn direct_selected_corners_round_alone_and_stay_selected() {
+    let (mut s, id) = session();
+    // Direct Selection picks the top-right and bottom-left corners.
+    s.execute("select.anchors", &json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [[0, 1], [0, 3]], "mode": "set"})).unwrap();
+    run(&mut s, json!({"radius": 10}));
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id), ([0.0, 10.0, 0.0, 10.0], [CornerKind::Round; 4], 6));
+    // Anchors: top-left, top-right's two, bottom-right, bottom-left's two.
+    assert_eq!(selected_anchors(&s, id), Some(anchors(&[1, 2, 4, 5])));
+    // The same corners again (a field in the Properties panel), now with their two anchors each.
+    run(&mut s, json!({"kind": "chamfer"}));
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id).1, [CornerKind::Round, CornerKind::Chamfer, CornerKind::Round, CornerKind::Chamfer]);
+    run(&mut s, json!({"radius": 0}));
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id).2, 4);
+    assert_eq!(selected_anchors(&s, id), Some(anchors(&[1, 3])));
+    // Undo brings back the selection with the shape.
+    s.execute("edit.undo", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(selected_anchors(&s, id), Some(anchors(&[1, 2, 4, 5])));
+    // Explicit corners win over the selection, which follows its own corners.
+    run(&mut s, json!({"corners": [0], "radius": 4}));
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id).0, [4.0, 10.0, 0.0, 10.0]);
+    assert_eq!(selected_anchors(&s, id), Some(anchors(&[1, 2, 4, 5])), "the top-left corner comes first and last");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_drag_previews_one_corner_and_commits_one_step() {
+    let (mut s, id) = session();
+    s.execute("select.anchors", &json!({"id": id.0, "anchors": [[0, 2]], "mode": "set"})).unwrap();
+    let undo = s.doc().unwrap().history.undo.len();
+    s.begin_interaction("Corner Radius").unwrap();
+    for r in [5.0, 9.0, 14.0] {
+        s.preview("object.setLiveShape", &json!({"id": id.0, "radius": r, "corners": [2]})).unwrap();
+    }
+    s.commit_interaction().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(corners(&s, id), ([0.0, 0.0, 14.0, 0.0], [CornerKind::Round; 4], 5));
+    assert_eq!(selected_anchors(&s, id), Some(anchors(&[2, 3])));
+    assert_eq!(s.doc().unwrap().history.undo.len(), undo + 1);
+}

crates/engine/src/tests_recovery.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 //! Data Recovery: `file.recovery.save/list/restore/discard`, copies removed on save, revert and
 //! close, complex documents skipped, each app's own area (another running app's copies are never
-//! offered: locks, heartbeats), and the folder store with real file locks.
+//! offered: locks, heartbeats, announcements; a paused app repairs its copies), and the folder
+//! store with real file locks.
 
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ fn heartbeats_hold_areas_where_the_store_has_no_locks() {
     store.set_now(10_000 + 359);
     assert!(offered(&mut b).is_empty());
     // A beats (as the app does every minute): fresh again.
-    cmd::recovery::heartbeat(&a);
+    cmd::recovery::heartbeat(&mut a);
     store.set_now(10_000 + 359 + 300);
     assert!(offered(&mut b).is_empty());
     assert_eq!(restored(b.execute("file.recovery.restore", &json!({})).unwrap()), 0);
@@ -203,6 +204,88 @@ fn heartbeats_hold_areas_where_the_store_has_no_locks() {
     assert_eq!(offered(&mut b), ["Untitled-1"]);
 }
 
+/// Issue #367: a tab whose timers were paused (a background tab) long enough for its heartbeat to
+/// go stale, while another tab discards the copies it takes for crash leftovers.
+#[test]
+fn a_paused_app_writes_its_copies_again_and_is_running_again() {
+    let store = Arc::new(MemoryStore::without_locks());
+    let mut a = session_in(&store);
+    a.execute("file.recovery.save", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let a_file = format!("{}/Untitled-1-1", a.recovery.own_area().unwrap());
+    let mut b = relaunch(&store);
+    b.prefs.autosave_interval = 1;
+    assert!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({})).unwrap()["discarded"].as_array().unwrap().is_empty());
+    // A is paused past three minutes: with heartbeats alone, B can't tell it from a crash.
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 186);
+    assert_eq!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({})).unwrap()["discarded"], json!([a_file.clone()]));
+    assert!(copies(store.as_ref()).is_empty());
+    // A resumes: its heartbeat finds the copy gone and the next save writes it again, unchanged
+    // document or not.
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 200);
+    assert_eq!(cmd::recovery::heartbeat(&mut a), [a.doc().unwrap().uid]);
+    assert!(a.doc().unwrap().recovery.is_none());
+    let r = a.execute("file.recovery.save", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r["saved"][0]["file"], a_file.as_str(), "{r}");
+    assert_eq!(copies(store.as_ref()), ["Untitled-1-1"]);
+    assert!(cmd::recovery::heartbeat(&mut a).is_empty(), "nothing missing any more");
+    // A's heartbeat is newer than the one B wrote taking the area over: A runs again for B.
+    let l = b.execute("file.recovery.list", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!((l["copies"][0]["file"].as_str(), l["copies"][0]["running"].as_bool()), (Some(a_file.as_str()), Some(true)));
+    assert!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({})).unwrap()["discarded"].as_array().unwrap().is_empty());
+    assert!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({"file": a_file})).is_err());
+    // A recovery save alone repairs too (no heartbeat in between).
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 600);
+    let mut c = relaunch(&store);
+    c.prefs.autosave_interval = 1;
+    c.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert!(copies(store.as_ref()).is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(a.execute("file.recovery.save", &json!({})).unwrap()["saved"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(copies(store.as_ref()), ["Untitled-1-1"]);
+}
+
+/// Issue #367 where the store can tell a paused app from a gone one (the browser's Web Locks): the
+/// paused app's copies are never taken, however old its heartbeat.
+#[test]
+fn announced_areas_stay_held_while_their_app_is_paused() {
+    let store = Arc::new(MemoryStore::announcing());
+    let mut a = session_in(&store);
+    a.execute("file.recovery.save", &json!({})).unwrap();
+    let a_file = format!("{}/Untitled-1-1", a.recovery.own_area().unwrap());
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 3600);
+    let mut b = relaunch(&store);
+    assert!(offered(&mut b).is_empty());
+    assert!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({})).unwrap()["discarded"].as_array().unwrap().is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(restored(b.execute("file.recovery.restore", &json!({})).unwrap()), 0);
+    assert!(b.execute("file.recovery.discard", &json!({"file": a_file})).unwrap_err().to_string().contains("running"));
+    assert_eq!(copies(store.as_ref()), ["Untitled-1-1"]);
+    // A crashes: the browser releases its lock, and its copies are offered once its heartbeat is
+    // stale too.
+    drop(a);
+    assert_eq!(offered(&mut b), ["Untitled-1"]);
+    assert_eq!(restored(b.execute("file.recovery.restore", &json!({})).unwrap()), 1);
+    // B's area is announced in turn.
+    let mut c = relaunch(&store);
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 7200);
+    assert!(offered(&mut c).is_empty());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn an_app_that_leaves_has_its_copies_offered_at_once() {
+    for store in [MemoryStore::without_locks(), MemoryStore::announcing(), MemoryStore::default()] {
+        let store = Arc::new(store);
+        let mut a = session_in(&store);
+        a.execute("file.recovery.save", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        let mut b = relaunch(&store);
+        assert!(offered(&mut b).is_empty(), "A still runs");
+        // A can't go on (its page lost its graphics): its copies stay, for the next app at once.
+        cmd::recovery::leave(&mut a);
+        assert!(a.doc().unwrap().recovery.is_none());
+        assert_eq!(copies(store.as_ref()), ["Untitled-1-1"]);
+        assert_eq!(offered(&mut b), ["Untitled-1"]);
+        assert_eq!(restored(b.execute("file.recovery.restore", &json!({})).unwrap()), 1);
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn folder_areas_are_locked_by_running_apps() {
     let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("vc-recovery-locks-{}", std::process::id()));

crates/geom/src/shapes.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 use std::f64::consts::{PI, TAU};
 
 use kurbo::{Point, Rect, Vec2};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use crate::path::{Anchor, AnchorKind, PathData, SubPath};
 
@@ -17,25 +18,85 @@ pub fn rectangle(r: Rect) -> PathData {
 
 /// Rounded rectangle (8 anchors). The radius is clamped to half the shorter side.
 pub fn rounded_rectangle(r: Rect, radius: f64) -> PathData {
-    let r = r.abs();
-    let rad = radius.max(0.0).min(r.width() / 2.0).min(r.height() / 2.0);
-    if rad <= 1e-9 {
-        return rectangle(r);
+    rectangle_with_corners(r, [radius; 4], [CornerKind::Round; 4])
+}
+
+/// How a rectangle's corner is cut (Live Corners).
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum CornerKind {
+    /// A quarter circle, bulging outwards.
+    #[default]
+    Round,
+    /// A quarter circle cut into the shape, centred on the corner.
+    InvertedRound,
+    /// A straight bevel.
+    Chamfer,
+}
+
+impl CornerKind {
+    pub const ALL: [CornerKind; 3] = [CornerKind::Round, CornerKind::InvertedRound, CornerKind::Chamfer];
+
+    /// The kind after this one (Alt-clicking a corner widget cycles through them).
+    pub fn next(self) -> Self {
+        match self {
+            CornerKind::Round => CornerKind::InvertedRound,
+            CornerKind::InvertedRound => CornerKind::Chamfer,
+            CornerKind::Chamfer => CornerKind::Round,
+        }
     }
-    let k = rad * KAPPA;
-    let (x0, y0, x1, y1) = (r.x0, r.y0, r.x1, r.y1);
-    let a = |p: (f64, f64), hin: (f64, f64), hout: (f64, f64)| Anchor { p: p.into(), h_in: hin.into(), h_out: hout.into(), kind: AnchorKind::Corner };
-    let anchors = vec![
-        a((x0 + rad, y0), (x0 + rad - k, y0), (x0 + rad, y0)),
-        a((x1 - rad, y0), (x1 - rad, y0), (x1 - rad + k, y0)),
-        a((x1, y0 + rad), (x1, y0 + rad - k), (x1, y0 + rad)),
-        a((x1, y1 - rad), (x1, y1 - rad), (x1, y1 - rad + k)),
-        a((x1 - rad, y1), (x1 - rad + k, y1), (x1 - rad, y1)),
-        a((x0 + rad, y1), (x0 + rad, y1), (x0 + rad - k, y1)),
-        a((x0, y1 - rad), (x0, y1 - rad + k), (x0, y1 - rad)),
-        a((x0, y0 + rad), (x0, y0 + rad), (x0, y0 + rad - k)),
+}
+
+/// Rectangle whose corners (top-left, top-right, bottom-right, bottom-left, y down) each have
+/// their own radius and kind, every radius clamped to half the shorter side. A corner without a
+/// radius is one anchor, the others two (where the cut meets each side). Clockwise from the
+/// top-left corner, its anchor on the top side first.
+pub fn rectangle_with_corners(r: Rect, radii: [f64; 4], kinds: [CornerKind; 4]) -> PathData {
+    PathData::single(SubPath::new(corner_anchors(r, radii, kinds).into_iter().map(|(_, a)| a).collect(), true))
+}
+
+/// The corner (index into `radii`) of each anchor of [`rectangle_with_corners`].
+pub fn rectangle_anchor_corners(r: Rect, radii: [f64; 4]) -> Vec<usize> {
+    corner_anchors(r, radii, [CornerKind::Round; 4]).into_iter().map(|(k, _)| k).collect()
+}
+
+/// The anchors of [`rectangle_with_corners`], each with its corner.
+fn corner_anchors(r: Rect, radii: [f64; 4], kinds: [CornerKind; 4]) -> Vec<(usize, Anchor)> {
+    let r = r.abs();
+    let max = r.width().min(r.height()) / 2.0;
+    // Each corner, with the directions of the side arriving at it and of the side leaving it.
+    let corners = [
+        (Point::new(r.x0, r.y0), Vec2::new(0.0, -1.0), Vec2::new(1.0, 0.0)),
+        (Point::new(r.x1, r.y0), Vec2::new(1.0, 0.0), Vec2::new(0.0, 1.0)),
+        (Point::new(r.x1, r.y1), Vec2::new(0.0, 1.0), Vec2::new(-1.0, 0.0)),
+        (Point::new(r.x0, r.y1), Vec2::new(-1.0, 0.0), Vec2::new(0.0, -1.0)),
     ];
-    PathData::single(SubPath::new(anchors, true))
+    let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(8);
+    let mut top_left_start = None;
+    for (k, ((c, din, dout), (rad, kind))) in corners.into_iter().zip(radii.into_iter().zip(kinds)).enumerate() {
+        let rad = rad.max(0.0).min(max);
+        if rad <= 1e-9 {
+            out.push((k, Anchor::corner(c)));
+            continue;
+        }
+        // The cut runs from `start` on the arriving side to `end` on the leaving one.
+        let (start, end, h) = (c - din * rad, c + dout * rad, rad * KAPPA);
+        let (h_out, h_in) = match kind {
+            CornerKind::Round => (start + din * h, end - dout * h),
+            CornerKind::InvertedRound => (start + dout * h, end - din * h),
+            CornerKind::Chamfer => (start, end),
+        };
+        let start = Anchor { p: start, h_in: start, h_out, kind: AnchorKind::Corner };
+        let end = Anchor { p: end, h_in, h_out: end, kind: AnchorKind::Corner };
+        if k == 0 {
+            top_left_start = Some(start);
+        } else {
+            out.push((k, start));
+        }
+        out.push((k, end));
+    }
+    out.extend(top_left_start.map(|a| (0, a)));
+    out
 }
 
 /// Ellipse inscribed in `r` with 4 smooth anchors (left, top, right, bottom).
@@ -203,6 +264,54 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(rounded_rectangle(Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 20.0, 10.0), 0.0).anchor_count(), 4);
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn uniform_corners_keep_the_rounded_rectangle_layout() {
+        // The 8 anchors a rounded rectangle always had, from the top side's first one.
+        let (r, rad) = (Rect::new(10.0, 20.0, 110.0, 70.0), 7.5);
+        let (x0, y0, x1, y1, k) = (10.0, 20.0, 110.0, 70.0, rad * KAPPA);
+        let a =
+            |p: (f64, f64), hin: (f64, f64), hout: (f64, f64)| Anchor { p: p.into(), h_in: hin.into(), h_out: hout.into(), kind: AnchorKind::Corner };
+        let want = vec![
+            a((x0 + rad, y0), (x0 + rad - k, y0), (x0 + rad, y0)),
+            a((x1 - rad, y0), (x1 - rad, y0), (x1 - rad + k, y0)),
+            a((x1, y0 + rad), (x1, y0 + rad - k), (x1, y0 + rad)),
+            a((x1, y1 - rad), (x1, y1 - rad), (x1, y1 - rad + k)),
+            a((x1 - rad, y1), (x1 - rad + k, y1), (x1 - rad, y1)),
+            a((x0 + rad, y1), (x0 + rad, y1), (x0 + rad - k, y1)),
+            a((x0, y1 - rad), (x0, y1 - rad + k), (x0, y1 - rad)),
+            a((x0, y0 + rad), (x0, y0 + rad), (x0, y0 + rad - k)),
+        ];
+        assert_eq!(rounded_rectangle(r, rad).subpaths[0].anchors, want);
+        assert_eq!(rectangle_anchor_corners(r, [rad; 4]), [0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 0]);
+        assert_eq!(rounded_rectangle(r, 0.0), rectangle(r));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn each_corner_takes_its_own_radius_and_kind() {
+        let r = Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 60.0);
+        // Only the top-right corner rounded: 5 anchors, the corner's two on its sides.
+        let radii = [0.0, 10.0, 0.0, 0.0];
+        let p = rectangle_with_corners(r, radii, [CornerKind::Round; 4]);
+        let pts: Vec<Point> = p.subpaths[0].anchors.iter().map(|a| a.p).collect();
+        assert_eq!(pts, [Point::new(0.0, 0.0), Point::new(90.0, 0.0), Point::new(100.0, 10.0), Point::new(100.0, 60.0), Point::new(0.0, 60.0)]);
+        assert_eq!(rectangle_anchor_corners(r, radii), [0, 1, 1, 2, 3]);
+        let quarter = PI * 25.0;
+        assert!((p.subpaths[0].area() - (6000.0 - 100.0 + quarter)).abs() < 0.1, "a quarter circle off one corner");
+        // The top-left corner rounded: its top-side anchor first, its left-side one last.
+        assert_eq!(rectangle_anchor_corners(r, [10.0, 0.0, 0.0, 200.0]), [0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 0]);
+        // Inverted round cuts a quarter circle out; a chamfer cuts a triangle.
+        let inverted = rectangle_with_corners(r, radii, [CornerKind::InvertedRound; 4]);
+        assert!((inverted.subpaths[0].area() - (6000.0 - quarter)).abs() < 0.1);
+        let chamfer = rectangle_with_corners(r, radii, [CornerKind::Chamfer; 4]);
+        assert!((chamfer.subpaths[0].area() - (6000.0 - 50.0)).abs() < 1e-9);
+        assert!(chamfer.subpaths[0].anchors.iter().all(|a| !a.has_in() && !a.has_out()), "straight");
+        // Radii clamp to half the shorter side; negative and NaN radii are none.
+        let p = rectangle_with_corners(r, [500.0, -5.0, f64::NAN, 0.0], [CornerKind::Round; 4]);
+        assert_eq!(p.subpaths[0].anchors[0].p, Point::new(30.0, 0.0));
+        assert_eq!(p.anchor_count(), 5);
+        assert_eq!(CornerKind::ALL.map(CornerKind::next), [CornerKind::InvertedRound, CornerKind::Chamfer, CornerKind::Round]);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn polygon_first_vertex_up() {
         let p = polygon(Point::new(0.0, 0.0), 10.0, 6, 0.0);

crates/pathops/README.md

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ pub struct Region { pub path: PathData, pub sources: Vec<usize> }
 pub fn regions(shapes: &[Shape]) -> Vec<Region>;            // all faces of the arrangement
 pub fn region_at(shapes: &[Shape], p: Point) -> Option<Region>;
 pub fn merge_regions(regions: &[&Region]) -> PathData;      // Shape Builder merge = union
+pub fn shape_builder(shapes: &[Shape]) -> (Vec<Region>, Vec<Shape>); // (regions, open-path pieces)
 ```
 
 Each result takes its key as follows:
@@ -58,6 +59,8 @@ pub fn interior_point(path: &PathData) -> Option<Point>;
 
 Unlike `regions`, which splits the filled areas of closed shapes, `live_paint` treats every path as an edge, open paths included. Three crossing lines enclose a triangle, a line across a rectangle splits it in two, and an area enclosed by paths becomes a face even when nothing fills it. Each face lists the inputs whose fill covers it; the list is empty for an area that is only enclosed by paths. Each edge is a piece of a path, split wherever another path meets it, and keeps the key of the front-most input it lies on.
 
+`shape_builder` gives the Shape Builder's regions. With closed paths only, they are the `regions`. Once an open path is among them, they are the `live_paint` faces, so a stroke-only line across a shape splits it and lines can enclose a region of their own. The second list holds the pieces of each path that has no closed subpath, keyed by its index, so the Shape Builder can delete them one by one. The caller closes any open path whose fill should count. Inputs with more than `SHAPE_BUILDER_MAX_SEGMENTS` segments fall back to the filled areas.
+
 ## Offset / stroke
 
 ```rust

crates/pathops/src/lib.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub use edit::{
 };
 pub use offset::{Cap, Join, offset_path, outline_stroke, stroke_region};
 pub use pathfinder::{PathfinderOp, Region, Shape, merge_regions, pathfinder, region_at, regions};
-pub use planar::{interior_point, live_paint};
+pub use planar::{SHAPE_BUILDER_MAX_SEGMENTS, interior_point, live_paint, shape_builder};
 
 /// Errors from fallible operations.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, thiserror::Error)]

crates/pathops/src/planar.rs

@@ -288,6 +288,32 @@ pub fn live_paint(shapes: &[Shape]) -> (Vec<Region>, Vec<Shape>) {
     build(shapes).unwrap_or_default()
 }
 
+/// Most segments the Shape Builder sweeps with open paths as edges: the planar map costs far more
+/// than the filled areas' arrangement, so past this only the filled areas count.
+pub const SHAPE_BUILDER_MAX_SEGMENTS: usize = 4096;
+
+/// Shape Builder regions of `shapes` (back → front), and the pieces of their open paths.
+///
+/// Closed paths bound regions with their filled areas, as in [`regions`](crate::regions). Open
+/// paths (the caller closes the ones whose fill should count) are cutting edges: a line across a
+/// shape splits it, lines around an area enclose a region nothing fills (empty `sources`), and each
+/// path with no closed subpath comes back cut wherever another path meets it, as pieces keyed by
+/// its index in `shapes`. With no open path, more than [`SHAPE_BUILDER_MAX_SEGMENTS`] segments or
+/// a map that can't be built, only the filled areas count and there are no pieces.
+pub fn shape_builder(shapes: &[Shape]) -> (Vec<Region>, Vec<Shape>) {
+    let has_open = shapes.iter().flat_map(|s| &s.path.subpaths).any(|sp| !sp.closed && sp.anchors.len() >= 2);
+    let segments: usize = shapes.iter().flat_map(|s| &s.path.subpaths).map(|sp| sp.segment_count()).sum();
+    if has_open && segments <= SHAPE_BUILDER_MAX_SEGMENTS {
+        let keyed: Vec<Shape> = shapes.iter().enumerate().map(|(i, s)| Shape::new(s.path.clone(), s.rule, i as u64)).collect();
+        let (faces, edges) = live_paint(&keyed);
+        if !faces.is_empty() || !edges.is_empty() {
+            let is_line = |i: u64| shapes.get(i as usize).is_some_and(|s| !s.path.subpaths.iter().any(|sp| sp.closed));
+            return (faces, edges.into_iter().filter(|e| is_line(e.key)).collect());
+        }
+    }
+    (crate::regions(shapes), Vec::new())
+}
+
 fn build(shapes: &[Shape]) -> Option<(Vec<Region>, Vec<Shape>)> {
     let mut inputs: Vec<(BezPath, usize)> = Vec::new();
     for (i, s) in shapes.iter().enumerate() {
@@ -736,6 +762,69 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(edges.len(), 1);
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn shape_builder_lines_cut_regions() {
+        // A line across a rectangle: two regions, the line in three pieces keyed by its index.
+        let s = [rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 50.0, 7), line((40.0, -20.0), (60.0, 70.0), 8)];
+        let (regions, lines) = shape_builder(&s);
+        assert_eq!(regions.len(), 2);
+        assert!(regions.iter().all(|r| r.sources == [0]));
+        assert_eq!(lines.len(), 3);
+        assert!(lines.iter().all(|l| l.key == 1 && !l.path.is_closed()));
+        // Lines alone enclose a region nothing fills.
+        let s = [line((0.0, 0.0), (100.0, 100.0), 0), line((100.0, 0.0), (0.0, 100.0), 0), line((-10.0, 80.0), (110.0, 80.0), 0)];
+        let (regions, lines) = shape_builder(&s);
+        assert_eq!(regions.len(), 1);
+        assert!(regions[0].sources.is_empty() && regions[0].top().is_none());
+        assert_eq!(lines.len(), 9);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn shape_builder_closed_only_or_degenerate_is_the_filled_arrangement() {
+        let s = [rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0, 0), rect(50.0, 0.0, 150.0, 100.0, 1)];
+        assert_eq!(shape_builder(&s), (crate::regions(&s), vec![]));
+        // A broken line can't be swept: what the filled areas give (nothing here, without a panic).
+        let s = [rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0, 0), line((0.0, 0.0), (f64::NAN, 1.0), 1)];
+        assert_eq!(shape_builder(&s), (crate::regions(&s), vec![]));
+        // Zero-length and doubled-back lines don't break it either.
+        let s = [
+            rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0, 0),
+            line((50.0, 50.0), (50.0, 50.0), 1),
+            line((0.0, 0.0), (100.0, 0.0), 2),
+            line((50.0, 0.0), (50.0, 100.0), 3),
+        ];
+        let (regions, _) = shape_builder(&s);
+        assert_eq!(regions.len(), 2);
+        assert!((regions.iter().map(area).sum::<f64>() - 10000.0).abs() < 1e-6);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn shape_builder_stays_quick_up_to_its_cap() {
+        // A wavy ring of nearly the most segments the map takes, crossed by a few lines.
+        let n = SHAPE_BUILDER_MAX_SEGMENTS - 8;
+        let ring: Vec<Point> = (0..n)
+            .map(|k| {
+                let t = k as f64 / n as f64 * std::f64::consts::TAU;
+                let r = 100.0 + 5.0 * (t * 200.0).sin();
+                Point::new(r * t.cos(), r * t.sin())
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let mut s = vec![Shape::new(PathData::single(SubPath::polyline(&ring, true)), FillRule::NonZero, 0)];
+        for k in 0..4 {
+            let y = -60.0 + 40.0 * f64::from(k);
+            s.push(line((-150.0, y), (150.0, y + 7.0), 1));
+        }
+        let started = std::time::Instant::now();
+        let (regions, lines) = shape_builder(&s);
+        assert!(regions.len() >= 5, "the ring cut in five bands at least (the waves make pockets)");
+        assert!(lines.len() >= 12, "{}", lines.len());
+        assert!(started.elapsed().as_secs_f64() < 5.0, "{:?}", started.elapsed());
+        // Past the cap, only the filled areas count.
+        s.push(line((0.0, 0.0), (1.0, 1.0), 2));
+        s[0].path.subpaths[0].anchors.extend((0..16).map(|k| vectorcraft_geom::Anchor::corner(Point::new(100.0, f64::from(k)))));
+        assert!(shape_builder(&s).1.is_empty());
+    }
+
     fn arb_segment() -> impl Strategy<Value = Shape> {
         let c = || (0..10i32).prop_map(|v| f64::from(v) * 10.0);
         prop_oneof![

crates/pdf/src/import.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use hayro_interpret::{
     MaskType, PathDrawMode, SoftMask, StrokeProps, interpret_page,
 };
 use hayro_syntax::object::Name;
-use kurbo::{Affine, BezPath, Rect, Shape};
+use kurbo::{Affine, BezPath, PathEl, Rect, Shape};
 use vectorcraft_color::{BlendMode, Color, Paint, Swatch};
 use vectorcraft_doc::{
     Appearance, AppearanceItem, Artboard, ColorMode, Dash, Document, FillLayer, ImageBlob, ImageObject, Knockout, LayerColor, LineCap, LineJoin,
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use vectorcraft_geom::{FillRule, PathData};
 
 use crate::import_color::{Colors, Native};
 use crate::import_mask::{MaskSpec, contains, is_rectangle, luminance, mask_spec, white_cover};
-use crate::import_scan::{Ocgs, Scan, all_on, hides_forms, scan_page};
+use crate::import_scan::{MAX_NESTING, Ocgs, Scan, all_on, hides_forms, scan_page};
 use crate::import_shading::{clipped, extend_clip, fold_stop_opacity, mesh_shading, shading_gradient};
 use crate::import_text::{Families, Look, Placement, TextLine, Upright};
 use crate::{CropTo, ImportOptions, ImportReport, PdfError, TextAs};
@@ -46,6 +46,60 @@ enum Slot {
     Group(usize),
 }
 
+/// What each group's layer holds, in paint order: its sublayers (their groups) and, where its
+/// own group is listed, its art.
+type Nesting = HashMap<usize, Vec<usize>>;
+
+/// Group `g` paints (its first art): note where its art goes in its layer, and where that layer
+/// goes when it is new: in its parent's layer (placed the same way) or, for a top-level group, in
+/// `slots`.
+fn place_group(g: usize, ocgs: &Ocgs, slots: &mut Vec<Slot>, nesting: &mut Nesting) {
+    let placed = nesting.contains_key(&g);
+    nesting.entry(g).or_default().push(g);
+    if placed {
+        return;
+    }
+    let mut child = g;
+    // Each parent is placed before its sublayers, so the chain ends (within the nesting depth).
+    for _ in 0..=MAX_NESTING {
+        let Some(parent) = ocgs.list.get(child).and_then(|o| o.parent) else { break };
+        let placed = nesting.contains_key(&parent);
+        nesting.entry(parent).or_default().push(child);
+        if placed {
+            return;
+        }
+        child = parent;
+    }
+    slots.push(Slot::Group(child));
+}
+
+/// The layer of group `g`, in `color`: its art and sublayers. `None` for a group that isn't read.
+fn group_layer(
+    b: &mut Builder<'_>,
+    g: usize,
+    ocgs: &Ocgs,
+    nesting: &Nesting,
+    art: &mut HashMap<usize, Vec<Arc<Node>>>,
+    color: LayerColor,
+) -> Option<Node> {
+    let ocg = ocgs.list.get(g)?;
+    let mut l = Node::layer(b.id(), &ocg.name, color);
+    (l.visible, l.locked) = (ocg.on, ocg.locked);
+    let mut children = vec![];
+    for &c in nesting.get(&g).into_iter().flatten() {
+        if c == g {
+            children.extend(art.remove(&g).unwrap_or_default());
+        } else if let Some(sub) = group_layer(b, c, ocgs, nesting, art, color) {
+            children.push(Arc::new(sub));
+        }
+    }
+    if let NodeKind::Layer { children: c, printable, .. } = &mut l.kind {
+        *c = children;
+        *printable = ocg.print;
+    }
+    Some(l)
+}
+
 /// Import a PDF, returning the document plus warnings about content that was approximated or skipped.
 pub fn import_with_report(bytes: &[u8], opts: &ImportOptions) -> Result<ImportReport, PdfError> {
     let original = crate::pages::open(bytes, opts.password.as_deref())?;
@@ -54,7 +108,7 @@ pub fn import_with_report(bytes: &[u8], opts: &ImportOptions) -> Result<ImportRe
     let route = opts.layers && !ocgs.list.is_empty();
     // Content that is off imports as hidden layers: an update of the file turns every group on
     // (unless a form is hidden by its own group: its art couldn't be told apart).
-    let hide = route && ocgs.any_off();
+    let hide = route && ocgs.skips_any();
     let turned_on = (hide && !picked.iter().filter_map(|&n| original.pages().get(n)).any(|p| hides_forms(p, &mut ocgs)))
         .then(|| all_on(bytes, &original))
         .flatten()
@@ -100,6 +154,7 @@ pub fn import_with_report(bytes: &[u8], opts: &ImportOptions) -> Result<ImportRe
     let mut placeholder = true;
     let mut slots: Vec<Slot> = vec![];
     let mut group_art: HashMap<usize, Vec<Arc<Node>>> = HashMap::new();
+    let mut nesting = Nesting::new();
     for (i, &number) in picked.iter().enumerate() {
         let Some(page) = pages.get(number) else { continue };
         // The chosen box sits at (x, 0); the page draws round it.
@@ -158,7 +213,7 @@ pub fn import_with_report(bytes: &[u8], opts: &ImportOptions) -> Result<ImportRe
                 None => slots.push(page_layer(&mut b, art)),
                 Some(g) => {
                     let into = group_art.entry(g).or_insert_with(|| {
-                        slots.push(Slot::Group(g));
+                        place_group(g, &ocgs, &mut slots, &mut nesting);
                         vec![]
                     });
                     into.extend(art);
@@ -172,16 +227,11 @@ pub fn import_with_report(bytes: &[u8], opts: &ImportOptions) -> Result<ImportRe
     for (n, slot) in slots.into_iter().enumerate() {
         let layer = match slot {
             Slot::Page(l) => *l,
-            Slot::Group(g) => {
-                let Some(ocg) = ocgs.list.get(g) else { continue };
-                let mut l = Node::layer(b.id(), &ocg.name, LayerColor::Preset((n % 27) as u8));
-                (l.visible, l.locked) = (ocg.on, ocg.locked);
-                if let NodeKind::Layer { children, printable, .. } = &mut l.kind {
-                    *children = group_art.remove(&g).unwrap_or_default();
-                    *printable = ocg.print;
-                }
-                l
-            }
+            // Sublayers take their top-level layer's colour.
+            Slot::Group(g) => match group_layer(&mut b, g, &ocgs, &nesting, &mut group_art, LayerColor::Preset((n % 27) as u8)) {
+                Some(l) => l,
+                None => continue,
+            },
         };
         doc.layers.push(Arc::new(layer));
     }
@@ -497,6 +547,8 @@ struct Builder<'p> {
     /// A transparency group was just pushed: a form's (whose flags come next) or an image's.
     pending: bool,
     nested: u32,
+    /// The last filled path: its node and its outline (a stroke of the same outline joins it).
+    last_fill: Option<(NodeId, BezPath)>,
 }
 
 fn blend(b: hayro_interpret::BlendMode) -> BlendMode {
@@ -528,6 +580,29 @@ fn fill_rule(r: hayro_interpret::FillRule) -> FillRule {
     }
 }
 
+/// `p` with every subpath closed: how a fill reads it.
+fn closed_subpaths(p: &BezPath) -> BezPath {
+    let mut out = BezPath::new();
+    let mut open = false;
+    for el in p.elements() {
+        if open && matches!(el, PathEl::MoveTo(_)) {
+            out.push(PathEl::ClosePath);
+        }
+        out.push(*el);
+        open = !matches!(el, PathEl::ClosePath);
+    }
+    if open {
+        out.push(PathEl::ClosePath);
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// Do a fill of `fill` and a stroke of `stroke` paint one object's outline? Applications write the
+/// fill without closing the path (filling closes it) and the stroke closed.
+fn same_outline(fill: &BezPath, stroke: &BezPath) -> bool {
+    fill.elements() == stroke.elements() || closed_subpaths(fill).elements() == closed_subpaths(stroke).elements()
+}
+
 fn mean_scale(a: Affine) -> f64 {
     a.determinant().abs().sqrt()
 }
@@ -606,6 +681,7 @@ impl<'p> Builder<'p> {
             marked: vec![],
             pending: false,
             nested: 0,
+            last_fill: None,
         }
     }
 
@@ -656,10 +732,15 @@ impl<'p> Builder<'p> {
         let children = self.close_frames();
         let groups = std::mem::take(&mut self.root_groups);
         let mut parts: Vec<(Option<usize>, Vec<Arc<Node>>)> = vec![];
+        // Thousands of groups: find each one's part by index.
+        let mut at: HashMap<Option<usize>, usize> = HashMap::new();
         for (n, g) in children.into_iter().zip(groups.into_iter().chain(std::iter::repeat(None))) {
-            match parts.iter_mut().find(|(k, _)| *k == g) {
-                Some((_, v)) => v.push(n),
-                None => parts.push((g, vec![n])),
+            let i = *at.entry(g).or_insert_with(|| {
+                parts.push((g, vec![]));
+                parts.len() - 1
+            });
+            if let Some((_, v)) = parts.get_mut(i) {
+                v.push(n);
             }
         }
         parts
@@ -1219,24 +1300,35 @@ impl<'a> Device<'a> for Builder<'_> {
                 if let NodeKind::Path { rule: r, .. } = &mut n.kind {
                     *r = fill_rule(*rule);
                 }
+                self.last_fill = Some((n.id, bp));
                 let n = wrap(self, n);
                 self.push_node(n);
             }
             PathDrawMode::Stroke(props) => {
                 let st = stroke_layer(paint, opacity, props, mean_scale(transform));
-                // Fill-then-stroke of the same path (the `B` operator) becomes one object.
+                // Fill-then-stroke of the same path (the `B` operator, or a fill and a stroke of
+                // the outline as Illustrator writes an object) becomes one object: a path with a
+                // fill and a live stroke.
                 let blend = self.blend;
+                let fill = self.last_fill.take();
                 let last = match self.mask {
                     Some(_) => self.masked.last_mut(),
                     None => self.stack.last_mut().and_then(|f| f.children.last_mut()),
                 };
                 if band.is_none()
                     && let Some(last) = last
+                    && let Some((id, outline)) = fill
+                    && last.id == id
                     && last.blend == blend
-                    && last.path_data() == Some(&pd)
                     && last.appearance.stroke().is_none()
+                    && same_outline(&outline, &bp)
                 {
-                    Arc::make_mut(last).appearance.items.push(AppearanceItem::Stroke(st));
+                    let last = Arc::make_mut(last);
+                    // The stroke's outline: closing it changes the stroke, not the fill.
+                    if let Some(p) = last.path_data_mut() {
+                        *p = pd;
+                    }
+                    last.appearance.items.push(AppearanceItem::Stroke(st));
                     return;
                 }
                 let n = Node::path(self.id(), pd, Appearance { items: vec![AppearanceItem::Stroke(st)], ..Default::default() });

crates/pdf/src/import_scan.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //! What the interpreter doesn't tell the import, read from the file itself: the optional content
-//! groups (layers) with their states, which group each marked-content sequence belongs to, the
-//! isolate and knockout flags of transparency groups, and the names of the fonts.
+//! groups (layers) with their states and nesting, which group each marked-content sequence belongs
+//! to, the isolate and knockout flags of transparency groups, and the names of the fonts.
 //!
 //! hayro-interpret reports a marked-content sequence by its tag alone and a transparency group
 //! without its flags, and skips the content of groups that are off. So each page's content is
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ use hayro_interpret::CacheKey;
 use hayro_syntax::Pdf;
 use hayro_syntax::content::TypedIter;
 use hayro_syntax::content::ops::TypedInstruction;
-use hayro_syntax::object::{Array, Dict, FromBytes, Name, Object, ObjectIdentifier, dict_or_stream};
+use hayro_syntax::object::{Array, Dict, FromBytes, MaybeRef, Name, Object, ObjectIdentifier, dict_or_stream};
 use hayro_syntax::page::{Page, Resources};
 
 /// The interpreter's limit on nested form XObjects.
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ const MAX_DEPTH: u32 = 50;
 const MAX_OPS: usize = 2_000_000;
 /// The most groups read.
 const MAX_GROUPS: usize = 10_000;
+/// The deepest layers nest in the configuration's `/Order`.
+pub(crate) const MAX_NESTING: usize = 32;
 
 /// An optional content group: a layer.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
@@ -35,6 +37,8 @@ pub(crate) struct Ocg {
     /// Printed (its print usage isn't off).
     pub print: bool,
     pub locked: bool,
+    /// The group it is listed under in the layer order (a sublayer of it).
+    pub parent: Option<usize>,
 }
 
 /// The file's optional content groups.
@@ -44,6 +48,10 @@ pub(crate) struct Ocgs {
     index: HashMap<ObjectIdentifier, usize>,
     /// The groups that are off (as the interpreter decides it).
     off: HashSet<ObjectIdentifier>,
+    /// The groups whose view state applies when the file opens (an `/AS` entry for viewing).
+    view_auto: HashSet<ObjectIdentifier>,
+    /// The groups placed in the layer order.
+    placed: HashSet<usize>,
 }
 
 impl Ocgs {
@@ -68,35 +76,88 @@ impl Ocgs {
             o.off.remove(&id);
         }
         o.off.extend(refs(&config, b"OFF"));
+        let auto = config.get::<Array<'_>>(b"AS").map(|a| a.iter::<Dict<'_>>().take(MAX_GROUPS).collect::<Vec<_>>()).unwrap_or_default();
+        for d in auto.iter().filter(|d| d.get::<Name<'_>>(b"Event").is_some_and(|e| e.as_ref() == b"View")) {
+            o.view_auto.extend(refs(d, b"OCGs"));
+        }
         let locked: HashSet<_> = refs(&config, b"Locked").into_iter().collect();
         for id in all {
             if let Some(d) = xref.get::<Dict<'_>>(id) {
                 o.add(id, &d, locked.contains(&id));
             }
         }
+        if let Some(order) = config.get::<Array<'_>>(b"Order") {
+            o.nest(&order, None, 0, xref, &mut 0);
+        }
         o
     }
 
+    /// Read the layer order `order` (listed under group `parent`): a group followed by an array
+    /// lists that array's groups as its sublayers; an array starting with a label lists its
+    /// groups under the label, which isn't a group (they go under `parent`). A group listed twice
+    /// stays where it is first listed. `seen`: the entries read so far.
+    fn nest(&mut self, order: &Array<'_>, parent: Option<usize>, depth: usize, xref: &hayro_syntax::xref::XRef, seen: &mut usize) {
+        let mut prev = None;
+        for item in order.raw_iter() {
+            *seen += 1;
+            if *seen > 4 * MAX_GROUPS {
+                return;
+            }
+            let sub = match item {
+                MaybeRef::Ref(r) => {
+                    let id = ObjectIdentifier::from(r);
+                    let sub = xref.get::<Array<'_>>(id);
+                    if sub.is_none() {
+                        prev = self.place(id, parent);
+                    }
+                    sub
+                }
+                MaybeRef::NotRef(o) => o.into_array(),
+            };
+            if let Some(sub) = sub
+                && depth < MAX_NESTING
+            {
+                let label = matches!(sub.raw_iter().next(), Some(MaybeRef::NotRef(Object::String(_))));
+                let under = prev.take().filter(|_| !label).or(parent);
+                self.nest(&sub, under, depth + 1, xref, seen);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Put group `id` under `parent` in the layer order → its index, unless it isn't a group or
+    /// is already placed. Each group is placed after its parent, so the nesting has no cycles.
+    fn place(&mut self, id: ObjectIdentifier, parent: Option<usize>) -> Option<usize> {
+        let i = *self.index.get(&id)?;
+        let placed = self.placed.insert(i);
+        let g = self.list.get_mut(i).filter(|_| placed)?;
+        g.parent = parent;
+        Some(i)
+    }
+
     /// Note group `id` (its dictionary `d`) → its index.
     fn add(&mut self, id: ObjectIdentifier, d: &Dict<'_>, locked: bool) -> usize {
         if let Some(i) = self.index.get(&id) {
             return *i;
         }
         let name = d.get::<hayro_syntax::object::String<'_>>(b"Name").map(|s| text_string(s.as_bytes())).unwrap_or_default();
-        let print = d
-            .get::<Dict<'_>>(b"Usage")
-            .and_then(|u| u.get::<Dict<'_>>(b"Print"))
-            .and_then(|p| p.get::<Name<'_>>(b"PrintState"))
-            .is_none_or(|s| s.as_ref() != b"OFF");
-        let on = !self.off.contains(&id);
-        self.list.push(Ocg { name: if name.is_empty() { format!("Layer {}", self.list.len() + 1) } else { name }, on, print, locked });
+        let print = usage(d, b"Print", b"PrintState") != Some(false);
+        // A view state applies when the configuration says so on opening; an off one hides the
+        // group all the same (it says how the group is meant to be seen).
+        let view = usage(d, b"View", b"ViewState");
+        let on = match view {
+            Some(v) if self.view_auto.contains(&id) => v,
+            Some(false) => false,
+            _ => !self.off.contains(&id),
+        };
+        let name = if name.is_empty() { format!("Layer {}", self.list.len() + 1) } else { name };
+        self.list.push(Ocg { name, on, print, locked, parent: None });
         self.index.insert(id, self.list.len() - 1);
         self.list.len() - 1
     }
 
-    /// Is any group off?
-    pub fn any_off(&self) -> bool {
-        self.list.iter().any(|g| !g.on)
+    /// Does the interpreter leave out the art of some group (off in the default configuration)?
+    pub fn skips_any(&self) -> bool {
+        self.index.keys().any(|id| self.off.contains(id))
     }
 
     /// The group content marked with `/OC` (`d`: the group or membership dictionary, `id` its
@@ -119,6 +180,16 @@ impl Ocgs {
     }
 }
 
+/// The state (`ON` → true, `OFF` → false) group `d`'s usage `category` gives in `key`.
+fn usage(d: &Dict<'_>, category: &[u8], key: &[u8]) -> Option<bool> {
+    let state = d.get::<Dict<'_>>(b"Usage")?.get::<Dict<'_>>(category)?.get::<Name<'_>>(key)?;
+    match state.as_ref() {
+        b"ON" => Some(true),
+        b"OFF" => Some(false),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
 /// A PDF text string: UTF-16 (with its byte order mark), UTF-8 (with one) or PDFDocEncoding
 /// (read as Latin-1, which it matches for letters).
 pub(crate) fn text_string(b: &[u8]) -> String {

crates/pdf/src/tests_import_fidelity.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 //! Import fidelity: soft masks → opacity masks, isolated and knockout groups, tiling patterns →
 //! pattern swatches, text → point type, mesh shadings → gradient meshes, gradient stop opacity
-//! and shading Extend flags.
+//! and shading Extend flags; strokes stay live strokes.
 
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use vectorcraft_color::{BlendMode, Color, Gradient, GradientKind, GradientPaint, GradientStop, Paint};
-use vectorcraft_doc::{Appearance, AppearanceItem, Document, Knockout, Node, NodeId, NodeKind, OpacityMask};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{Appearance, AppearanceItem, Document, Knockout, LineCap, LineJoin, Node, NodeId, NodeKind, OpacityMask};
 use vectorcraft_geom::{Rect, shapes};
 use vectorcraft_testkit::pdf::{PdfPage, first_extra, pdf_with};
 
@@ -390,3 +390,57 @@ fn glyphs_turned_along_a_curve_become_type_on_a_path() {
     assert_eq!(straight.len(), 1);
     assert!(matches!(straight[0].kind, vectorcraft_doc::TextKind::Point), "{:?}", straight[0].kind);
 }
+
+/// The leaves (objects that aren't groups or clipping paths) of a document.
+fn objects(d: &Document) -> Vec<Node> {
+    all(d).into_iter().filter(|n| !n.is_container() && !matches!(n.kind, NodeKind::Path { clipping: true, .. })).collect()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn an_object_written_as_a_fill_and_a_closed_stroke_stays_one_path_with_a_live_stroke() {
+    // As Illustrator writes an object: the fill of the outline left open, then the stroke of it
+    // closed, each in its own transform. Two subpaths: one ending on its start, one not.
+    let outline = "0 0 m -20 1 l -30 -12 l -30 30 l 0 0 l 5 5 m 10 5 l 10 10 l";
+    let content = format!(
+        "0.2 0.2 0.2 rg q 1 0 0 1 50 50 cm {outline} f Q 1 1 1 RG 1.5 w 1 J 1 j 4 M [3 2] 1 d q 1 0 0 1 50 50 cm {} S Q",
+        outline.replace(" 5 5 m", " h 5 5 m") + " h"
+    );
+    let d = open(&one_page(&content, "", &[]));
+    let objs = objects(&d);
+    assert_eq!(objs.len(), 1, "one object, not a fill and a separate stroke: {objs:#?}");
+    let n = &objs[0];
+    assert_eq!(fill_color(n), Some(Color::rgb(0.2, 0.2, 0.2)));
+    let st = n.appearance.stroke().expect("a live stroke");
+    assert_eq!(st.paint.color(), Some(Color::WHITE));
+    assert!((st.width - 1.5).abs() < 1e-6);
+    assert_eq!((st.cap, st.join), (LineCap::Round, LineJoin::Round));
+    assert!((st.miter_limit - 4.0).abs() < 1e-6);
+    let dash = st.dash.as_ref().expect("dashed");
+    assert_eq!((dash.pattern.as_slice(), dash.offset), (&[3.0, 2.0][..], 1.0));
+    // The stroke's outline: both subpaths closed, as they were stroked.
+    let p = n.path_data().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(p.subpaths.len(), 2);
+    assert!(p.is_closed());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn different_outlines_filled_and_stroked_stay_apart() {
+    let d = open(&one_page("1 0 0 rg 10 10 m 40 10 l 40 40 l f 0 0 1 RG 10 10 m 40 10 l 40 40 l 10 40 l h S 0 g 50 50 m 60 60 l S", "", &[]));
+    let objs = objects(&d);
+    assert_eq!(objs.len(), 3);
+    assert!(objs[0].appearance.stroke().is_none() && objs[1].appearance.fill().is_none());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_stroke_under_a_stretched_transform_stays_a_stroke() {
+    // Stretched twice as wide: the stroke keeps its average width (√2 × 2 pt) rather than
+    // becoming a filled outline.
+    let d = open(&one_page("0 0 1 RG 2 w q 2 0 0 1 0 0 cm 10 10 m 40 10 l 40 40 l S Q", "", &[]));
+    let objs = objects(&d);
+    assert_eq!(objs.len(), 1);
+    assert!(objs[0].appearance.fill().is_none());
+    let st = objs[0].appearance.stroke().expect("a stroke");
+    assert!((st.width - 2.0 * 2f64.sqrt()).abs() < 1e-6, "{}", st.width);
+    let b = objs[0].geometric_bounds().unwrap();
+    assert!((b.x0 - 20.0).abs() < 1e-6 && (b.x1 - 80.0).abs() < 1e-6, "{b:?}");
+}

crates/pdf/src/tests_import_layers.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-//! Optional content groups become layers: name, visibility, print state and lock; art that is
-//! off comes in as a hidden layer.
+//! Optional content groups become layers: name, visibility (the default configuration's or the
+//! view state's), print state, lock and nesting; art that is off comes in as a hidden layer.
 
 use vectorcraft_color::Color;
 use vectorcraft_doc::{Document, Node, NodeKind};
@@ -192,3 +192,109 @@ fn a_page_fill_that_is_art_stays() {
     assert_eq!(names(&d), ["Shapes", "Page 1"]);
     assert_eq!(path_count(&d), 3);
 }
+
+/// A page drawing a red, a blue and a green square in groups `defs` (as `/MC0`–`/MC2`), the
+/// catalog listing them with default configuration `config`, plus `more` objects; in `config` and
+/// `more`, `{0}`–`{2}` stand for the groups.
+fn three_groups(defs: [&str; 3], more: &[&str], config: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let refs = [0, 1, 2].map(|i| format!("{} 0 R", first_extra(1) + i));
+    let fill = |s: &str| (0..3).fold(s.to_string(), |s, i| s.replace(&format!("{{{i}}}"), &refs[i]));
+    let content = "/OC /MC0 BDC 1 0 0 rg 10 10 20 20 re f EMC /OC /MC1 BDC 0 0 1 rg 40 40 20 20 re f EMC /OC /MC2 BDC 0 1 0 rg 70 70 20 20 re f EMC";
+    let page = PdfPage { resources: fill("/Properties << /MC0 {0} /MC1 {1} /MC2 {2} >>"), ..PdfPage::new(100.0, 100.0, content) };
+    let catalog = format!("/OCProperties << /OCGs [{}] /D << {} >> >> ", refs.join(" "), fill(config));
+    let more: Vec<String> = more.iter().map(|m| fill(m)).collect();
+    let objs: Vec<&str> = defs.iter().copied().chain(more.iter().map(String::as_str)).collect();
+    pdf_with_catalog(&[page], &objs, &catalog, None)
+}
+
+fn ocg(name: &str, usage: &str) -> String {
+    format!("<< /Type /OCG /Name ({name}) {usage} >>")
+}
+
+fn visibility(layers: &[std::sync::Arc<Node>]) -> Vec<bool> {
+    layers.iter().map(|l| l.visible).collect()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_view_state_that_is_off_hides_the_layer_with_its_art() {
+    let off = ocg("Off", "/Usage << /View << /ViewState /OFF >> >>");
+    // With an /AS entry for viewing, the view state wins over the default configuration.
+    let on = ocg("On", "/Usage << /View << /ViewState /ON >> >>");
+    let bytes = three_groups([&ocg("Plain", ""), &off, &on], &[], "/OFF [{2}] /AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs [{1} {2}] >>]");
+    let d = import(&bytes).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(names(&d), ["Plain", "Off", "On"]);
+    assert_eq!(visibility(&d.layers), [true, false, true]);
+    assert_eq!(colors(&d.layers[1]), [Color::rgb(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)]);
+    assert_eq!(colors(&d.layers[2]), [Color::rgb(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)], "the art the default configuration hides is read");
+    // Without one, a view state that is off still hides the layer.
+    let d = import(&three_groups([&ocg("Plain", ""), &off, &ocg("Other", "")], &[], "")).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(visibility(&d.layers), [true, false, true]);
+    assert_eq!(colors(&d.layers[1]), [Color::rgb(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn nested_groups_become_sublayers_and_hidden_ones_keep_their_art() {
+    // The order as an object of its own (as Illustrator writes it): "Top" holds "Sub", which is
+    // off; a label's groups stay at the level of the label.
+    let order = first_extra(1) + 3;
+    let bytes = three_groups(
+        [&ocg("Top", ""), &ocg("Sub", ""), &ocg("Other", "")],
+        &["[{0} [{1}] [(Label) {2}]]"],
+        &format!("/OFF [{{1}}] /Order {order} 0 R"),
+    );
+    let d = import(&bytes).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(names(&d), ["Top", "Other"]);
+    assert_eq!(visibility(&d.layers), [true, true]);
+    let top = d.layers[0].children().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(top.len(), 2, "its art, then its sublayer");
+    assert_eq!(top[0].appearance.fill().and_then(|f| f.paint.color()), Some(Color::rgb(1.0, 0.0, 0.0)));
+    let sub = &top[1];
+    assert!(matches!(sub.kind, NodeKind::Layer { .. }) && sub.name.as_deref() == Some("Sub"));
+    assert!(!sub.visible, "the sublayer that is off is hidden");
+    assert_eq!(colors(sub), [Color::rgb(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)], "with its art");
+    assert_eq!(d.layer_color(sub.id), d.layer_color(d.layers[0].id), "a sublayer takes its layer's colour");
+    assert_eq!(colors(&d.layers[1]), [Color::rgb(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_sublayer_that_paints_first_brings_its_parent_layer() {
+    // "Sub" paints first; "Top", its parent, paints its own art last.
+    let bytes = three_groups([&ocg("Sub", ""), &ocg("Other", ""), &ocg("Top", "")], &[], "/Order [{2} [{0}] {1}]");
+    let d = import(&bytes).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(names(&d), ["Top", "Other"]);
+    let top = d.layers[0].children().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(top.len(), 2);
+    assert_eq!(top[0].name.as_deref(), Some("Sub"));
+    assert_eq!(colors(&top[0]), [Color::rgb(1.0, 0.0, 0.0)]);
+    assert_eq!(top[1].appearance.fill().and_then(|f| f.paint.color()), Some(Color::rgb(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn hostile_layer_orders_stay_bounded() {
+    // A group listed twice, under itself, and an order nested far deeper than layers go.
+    let deep = format!("{}{{2}}{}", "[".repeat(100), "]".repeat(100));
+    let order = format!("[{{0}} [{{0}} {{1}}] {{1}} [{{0}}] {deep}]");
+    let d = import(&three_groups([&ocg("A", ""), &ocg("B", ""), &ocg("C", "")], &[], &format!("/Order {order}"))).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(names(&d), ["A", "C"], "C, listed too deep, stays a top-level layer");
+    assert_eq!(d.layers[0].children().unwrap()[1].name.as_deref(), Some("B"));
+    let mut count = 0;
+    d.walk(|n| count += usize::from(matches!(n.kind, NodeKind::Layer { .. })));
+    assert_eq!(count, 3, "each group is one layer");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn thousands_of_layers_hidden_ones_included_all_come_in() {
+    const N: usize = 3000;
+    let first = first_extra(1);
+    let objs: Vec<String> = (0..N).map(|i| ocg(&format!("L{i}"), "")).collect();
+    let refs: Vec<String> = (0..N).map(|i| format!("{} 0 R", first + i)).collect();
+    let props: String = refs.iter().enumerate().map(|(i, r)| format!("/M{i} {r} ")).collect();
+    let content: String = (0..N).map(|i| format!("/OC /M{i} BDC {} {} 1 1 re f EMC ", i % 100, i / 100)).collect();
+    let off: Vec<&str> = refs.iter().step_by(2).map(String::as_str).collect();
+    let catalog = format!("/OCProperties << /OCGs [{}] /D << /OFF [{}] >> >> ", refs.join(" "), off.join(" "));
+    let page = PdfPage { resources: format!("/Properties << {props}>>"), ..PdfPage::new(100.0, 100.0, &content) };
+    let objs: Vec<&str> = objs.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
+    let d = import(&pdf_with_catalog(&[page], &objs, &catalog, None)).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(d.layers.len(), N);
+    assert!(d.layers.iter().enumerate().all(|(i, l)| l.visible == (i % 2 == 1) && l.children().is_some_and(|c| c.len() == 1)));
+}

crates/svg/src/css.rs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use vectorcraft_color::{BlendMode, Color, GradientKind, GradientPaint, Paint};
 use vectorcraft_doc::{AppearanceItem, CharStyle, Document, Justify, LineCap, LiveShape, Node, NodeId, NodeKind, StrokeAlign, StrokeLayer, TextKind};
 use vectorcraft_effects::RasterFx;
+use vectorcraft_geom::shapes::CornerKind;
 use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, PathData, Point, Rect};
 
 use crate::export::sanitize_id;
@@ -600,7 +601,10 @@ fn corners(path: &PathData, live: Option<&LiveShape>) -> Option<Corners> {
         b.abs() < 1e-9 && c.abs() < 1e-9
     };
     match live {
-        Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, xf, .. }) if upright(xf) => {
+        // CSS rounds corners only: an inverted round or chamfered corner has no border radius.
+        Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, kinds, xf, .. })
+            if upright(xf) && radii.iter().zip(kinds).all(|(r, k)| *r <= 0.0 || *k == CornerKind::Round) =>
+        {
             let [a, _, _, d, _, _] = xf.as_coeffs();
             let s = (a * d).abs().sqrt();
             if radii.iter().all(|r| *r <= 0.0) {

crates/svg/src/import.rs

@@ -677,9 +677,12 @@ impl Importer {
             return Some(vec![]);
         }
         let text::PendingText { name, mut obj, servers, paints, non_scaling, under, .. } = self.slots.texts.get(i)?.clone();
+        // The scale the type draws at becomes its size (last, below): text space grows by `grow`.
+        let xf = ts * obj.xf;
+        let grow = text::size_scale(&obj, xf);
         // usvg resolved the `url(#…)` paints (the paths after the main one) in the element's user
         // space; runs paint in text space.
-        let to_text = obj.xf.inverse();
+        let to_text = Affine::scale(grow) * obj.xf.inverse();
         let slot_paint = |im: &mut Self, k: usize, m: Affine| match kids.get(main + 1 + k) {
             Some(usvg::Node::Path(p)) => p.fill().map_or(Paint::None, |f| {
                 let area = kurbo::Shape::bounding_box(&bezpath(p.data(), m));
@@ -697,7 +700,7 @@ impl Importer {
                 run.style.stroke = server(k);
             }
         }
-        obj.xf = ts * obj.xf;
+        obj.xf = xf;
         if non_scaling && !vector_effect::unscale_text(&mut obj, self.screen) {
             let label = if name.is_empty() || made_up(&name) { "a text".to_string() } else { format!("text '{name}'") };
             self.warn(format!("non-scaling stroke on {label} approximated: the text is stretched or skewed"));
@@ -712,6 +715,7 @@ impl Importer {
             ap.set_contents_at(1);
             ap
         });
+        text::fold_scale(&mut obj, grow);
         let mut n = self.named(&name, NodeKind::Text(Box::new(obj)));
         if let Some(ap) = under {
             n.appearance = ap;

crates/svg/src/import/text.rs

@@ -15,12 +15,16 @@
 //! line spacing), other vertical moves become baseline shift, horizontal moves become kerning (an
 //! absolute `x` is measured against the laid-out text), and rotations become character rotation.
 //! `<textPath>` becomes type on a path; vertical `writing-mode` becomes type on a vertical path.
+//!
+//! Type takes the size it draws at: the scale of the transforms and `viewBox` above a `<text>`
+//! moves into its sizes ([`size_scale`], [`fold_scale`]), and the rest (a stretch, skew,
+//! rotation or reflection) stays its transform.
 
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::fmt::Write as _;
-use std::ops::Range;
+use std::ops::{Range, RangeInclusive};
 use std::rc::Rc;
 use std::str::FromStr;
 
@@ -653,6 +657,52 @@ fn stroke_under(cells: &mut [Cell], label: &str, warnings: &mut Vec<String>) ->
     first
 }
 
+/// The type sizes the Character panel takes, in points.
+const SIZES: RangeInclusive<f64> = 0.1..=1296.0;
+
+/// How much of `xf` (text space → document) [`fold_scale`] makes the type's size: the scale
+/// across the baseline for point type (a stretch along it, a skew, a rotation and a reflection
+/// stay in the transform), the mean scale for type on a path, whose baseline turns. Not past the
+/// Character panel's sizes (the rest stays in the transform); 1 when `xf` collapses the text.
+pub(super) fn size_scale(t: &TextObject, xf: Affine) -> f64 {
+    let [a, b, ..] = xf.as_coeffs();
+    let det = xf.determinant().abs();
+    let k = match t.kind {
+        TextKind::OnPath { .. } => det.sqrt(),
+        _ => det / a.hypot(b),
+    };
+    // To 6 significant digits: usvg's transforms are single precision, and `rotate(30) scale(2)`
+    // makes 7 pt type 14 pt, not 13.9999998 pt (the type draws the same either way).
+    let p = 10f64.powi((5.0 - k.log10().floor()) as i32);
+    let k = (k * p).round() / p;
+    if !(k.is_finite() && k > 0.0) {
+        return 1.0;
+    }
+    let (lo, hi) = t.runs.iter().map(|r| r.style.size).fold((f64::INFINITY, 0.0f64), |(lo, hi), s| (lo.min(s), hi.max(s)));
+    // Sizes already outside the range don't move further out.
+    if k > 1.0 { k.min((SIZES.end() / hi).max(1.0)) } else { k.max((SIZES.start() / lo).min(1.0)) }
+}
+
+/// Make text space `k` times larger and the transform `1 / k` times smaller, so the type draws
+/// the same at `k` times its size (and leading, baseline shift, character strokes and path): the
+/// size the Character panel shows is the size it draws at.
+pub(super) fn fold_scale(t: &mut TextObject, k: f64) {
+    for r in &mut t.runs {
+        let st = &mut r.style;
+        st.size *= k;
+        st.leading = st.leading.map(|l| l * k);
+        st.baseline_shift *= k;
+    }
+    t.scale_char_strokes(k);
+    let up = Affine::scale(k);
+    match &mut t.kind {
+        TextKind::OnPath { path, .. } | TextKind::Area { frame: path } => path.transform(up),
+        TextKind::Point => {}
+    }
+    t.cached_bounds = t.cached_bounds.map(|b| up.transform_rect_bbox(b));
+    t.xf *= Affine::scale(1.0 / k);
+}
+
 /// `v`, or 0 when far-off positions added up past f64's range.
 fn finite(v: f64) -> f64 {
     if v.is_finite() { v } else { 0.0 }

crates/svg/tests/css_rules.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@
 
 use vectorcraft_color::{BlendMode, Color, Gradient, GradientGeom, GradientKind, GradientPaint, Paint};
 use vectorcraft_doc::{Appearance, CharStyle, Document, Effect, Justify, LiveShape, Node, NodeId, NodeKind, TextObject};
-use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, Point, Rect, shapes};
+use vectorcraft_geom::shapes::{self, CornerKind};
+use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, Point, Rect};
 use vectorcraft_svg::{CssOptions, CssRule, CssUnits, ExportOptions, Styling, css_rules, export};
 
 fn doc() -> Document {
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ fn rect(d: &mut Document, (x, y, w, h): (f64, f64, f64, f64), radius: f64) -> No
         Appearance::basic(fill, Paint::solid(Color::rgb8(0, 0, 255)), 2.0),
     );
     if let NodeKind::Path { live, .. } = &mut n.kind {
-        *live = Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii: [radius; 4], xf: Affine::translate((x, y)) });
+        *live = Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii: [radius; 4], kinds: Default::default(), xf: Affine::translate((x, y)) });
     }
     n
 }
@@ -69,6 +70,22 @@ fn rectangle_gives_background_border_and_radius() {
     );
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn live_corners_give_per_corner_radii_and_only_round_ones() {
+    let mut d = doc();
+    let mut n = rect(&mut d, (0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 50.0), 0.0);
+    if let NodeKind::Path { live: Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, kinds, .. }), .. } = &mut n.kind {
+        *radii = [0.0, 8.0, 0.0, 4.0];
+        kinds[0] = CornerKind::Chamfer;
+    }
+    let id = add(&mut d, n);
+    assert_eq!(prop(&one(&d, id, &CssOptions::default()), "border-radius"), Some("0 8px 0 4px"), "a square corner's kind doesn't matter");
+    if let Some(NodeKind::Path { live: Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { kinds, .. }), .. }) = d.node_mut(id).map(|n| &mut n.kind) {
+        kinds[1] = CornerKind::InvertedRound;
+    }
+    assert!(prop(&one(&d, id, &CssOptions::default()), "border-radius").is_none(), "CSS can't cut a corner in");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn ellipses_round_fully_and_options_change_units_and_names() {
     let mut d = doc();

crates/svg/tests/import_text.rs

@@ -385,3 +385,136 @@ fn far_off_positions_stay_finite() {
         assert!(r.style.baseline_shift.is_finite() && r.style.kerning.is_none_or(f64::is_finite) && r.style.rotation.is_finite(), "{r:?}");
     }
 }
+
+/// Drawn bounds of the laid-out text in the document.
+fn drawn(t: &TextObject) -> Rect {
+    t.xf.transform_rect_bbox(layout(FontDb::global(), t).bounds)
+}
+
+/// The linear part of a transform.
+fn linear(t: &TextObject) -> [f64; 4] {
+    let [a, b, c, d, ..] = t.xf.as_coeffs();
+    [a, b, c, d]
+}
+
+fn close4(a: [f64; 4], b: [f64; 4]) -> bool {
+    // usvg's transforms are single precision.
+    a.iter().zip(b).all(|(a, b)| close(*a, b, 1e-6))
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_scale_above_text_becomes_its_size() {
+    // #396: a group's or the text's own scale is the size the type shows and draws at.
+    let d = open(
+        r#"<text x="50" y="100" font-size="7">HHHH Hamburg</text>
+        <g transform="scale(3)"><text x="16" y="60" font-size="7">HHHH Hamburg</text></g>
+        <text x="50" y="400" font-size="7" transform="scale(2)">HHHH Hamburg</text>"#,
+    );
+    let t = texts(&d);
+    let sizes: Vec<f64> = t.iter().map(|t| t.first_style().size).collect();
+    assert!(close(sizes[0], 7.0, 1e-9) && close(sizes[1], 21.0, 1e-9) && close(sizes[2], 14.0, 1e-9), "{sizes:?}");
+    for t in &t {
+        assert!(close4(linear(t), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]), "{:?}", t.xf);
+    }
+    assert!(t[1].xf.translation().to_point().distance(Point::new(48.0, 180.0)) < 1e-9, "{:?}", t[1].xf);
+    assert!(t[2].xf.translation().to_point().distance(Point::new(100.0, 800.0)) < 1e-9, "{:?}", t[2].xf);
+    // Drawn as large as their sizes say.
+    let h: Vec<f64> = t.iter().map(|t| drawn(t).height() / t.first_style().size).collect();
+    assert!(close(h[1], h[0], 1e-6) && close(h[2], h[0], 1e-6), "{h:?}");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_viewbox_scale_becomes_the_size() {
+    let d = import(
+        r#"<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="306" height="396" viewBox="0 0 612 792"><text x="50" y="100" font-size="7">HH</text></svg>"#,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    let t = only_text(&d);
+    assert!(close(t.first_style().size, 3.5, 1e-9), "{}", t.first_style().size);
+    assert!(close4(linear(t), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]), "{:?}", t.xf);
+    assert!(t.xf.translation().to_point().distance(Point::new(25.0, 50.0)) < 1e-9, "{:?}", t.xf);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_rotated_scale_scales_every_length_and_keeps_the_rotation() {
+    // The same text written at twice the size: the scale moves into size, leading, baseline
+    // shift and the character strokes; spacing in ems stays.
+    let scaled = open(
+        r#"<text transform="translate(100 50) rotate(30) scale(2)" x="5" y="10" font-size="7" letter-spacing="1" word-spacing="2" stroke="red" stroke-width="0.5" stroke-dasharray="1 2">Ab <tspan baseline-shift="3">c</tspan><tspan x="5" dy="12">Two</tspan></text>"#,
+    );
+    let written = open(
+        r#"<text transform="translate(100 50) rotate(30)" x="10" y="20" font-size="14" letter-spacing="2" word-spacing="4" stroke="red" stroke-width="1" stroke-dasharray="2 4">Ab <tspan baseline-shift="6">c</tspan><tspan x="10" dy="24">Two</tspan></text>"#,
+    );
+    let (s, w) = (only_text(&scaled), only_text(&written));
+    assert_eq!(s.runs, w.runs);
+    assert!(s.runs.iter().any(|r| r.style.leading == Some(24.0) && r.text.contains("Two")), "{:?}", s.runs);
+    assert!(close(s.xf.determinant(), 1.0, 1e-6), "{:?}", s.xf);
+    let r = 30f64.to_radians();
+    assert!(close4(linear(s), [r.cos(), r.sin(), -r.sin(), r.cos()]), "{:?}", s.xf);
+    for (a, b) in glyph_origins(s).iter().zip(glyph_origins(w)) {
+        assert!(a.distance(b) < 1e-6, "{a:?} {b:?}");
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_stretch_or_skew_stays_the_transform() {
+    // The scale across the baseline is the size; a stretch along it or a skew stays.
+    let d = open(
+        r#"<text x="10" y="20" font-size="7" transform="scale(3 1)">HH</text>
+        <text x="10" y="20" font-size="7" transform="scale(1 3)">HH</text>
+        <text x="10" y="20" font-size="7" transform="skewX(20)">HH</text>"#,
+    );
+    let t = texts(&d);
+    let sizes: Vec<f64> = t.iter().map(|t| t.first_style().size).collect();
+    assert!(close(sizes[0], 7.0, 1e-9) && close(sizes[1], 21.0, 1e-9) && close(sizes[2], 7.0, 1e-9), "{sizes:?}");
+    assert!(close4(linear(t[0]), [3.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]), "{:?}", t[0].xf);
+    assert!(close4(linear(t[1]), [1.0 / 3.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]), "{:?}", t[1].xf);
+    assert!(close4(linear(t[2]), [1.0, 0.0, 20f64.to_radians().tan(), 1.0]), "{:?}", t[2].xf);
+    // `scale(1 3)` draws three times as tall as `scale(3 1)`, a third as wide.
+    let (wide, tall) = (drawn(t[0]), drawn(t[1]));
+    assert!(close(tall.height(), 3.0 * wide.height(), 1e-6) && close(3.0 * tall.width(), wide.width(), 1e-6), "{wide:?} {tall:?}");
+    assert!(t[1].xf.translation().to_point().distance(Point::new(10.0, 60.0)) < 1e-9, "{:?}", t[1].xf);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn type_on_a_scaled_path_takes_the_scale() {
+    let d = open(
+        r##"<g transform="scale(2)"><path id="p" d="M10 100 L110 100" fill="none"/>
+        <text font-size="10"><textPath href="#p">Curve</textPath></text></g>"##,
+    );
+    let t = only_text(&d);
+    assert!(close(t.first_style().size, 20.0, 1e-9), "{}", t.first_style().size);
+    assert!(close(t.xf.determinant(), 1.0, 1e-6), "{:?}", t.xf);
+    let TextKind::OnPath { path, .. } = &t.kind else { panic!("{:?}", t.kind) };
+    let b = t.xf.transform_rect_bbox(path.bounds().unwrap());
+    assert!(close(b.x0, 20.0, 1e-9) && close(b.x1, 220.0, 1e-9) && close(b.y0, 200.0, 1e-9), "{b:?}");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn folded_sizes_stay_in_the_character_panels_range() {
+    // Past 1296 pt (or under 0.1 pt) the rest of the scale stays the transform.
+    let d = open(
+        r#"<g transform="scale(20)"><text y="10" font-size="100">Big</text></g>
+        <g transform="scale(0.001)"><text y="10" font-size="7">Small</text></g>
+        <text y="10" font-size="2000">Huge</text>"#,
+    );
+    let t = texts(&d);
+    let size = |i: usize| t[i].first_style().size;
+    assert!(close(size(0), 1296.0, 1e-9) && close(size(0) * linear(t[0])[0], 2000.0, 1e-9), "{:?}", t[0].xf);
+    assert!(close(size(1), 0.1, 1e-9) && close(size(1) * linear(t[1])[0], 0.007, 1e-9), "{:?}", t[1].xf);
+    assert!(close(size(2), 2000.0, 1e-9) && close4(linear(t[2]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]), "unscaled type keeps its size");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn gradients_on_scaled_text_stay_in_place() {
+    let d = open(
+        r##"<defs><linearGradient id="user" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x1="20" y1="0" x2="120" y2="0"><stop offset="0" stop-color="#f00"/><stop offset="1" stop-color="#00f"/></linearGradient></defs>
+        <g transform="scale(2)"><text x="20" y="50" font-size="20" fill="url(#user)">Gradient</text></g>"##,
+    );
+    let t = only_text(&d);
+    assert!(close(t.first_style().size, 40.0, 1e-9));
+    let Paint::Gradient(g) = &t.runs[0].style.fill else { panic!("{:?}", t.runs[0].style.fill) };
+    let geom = g.geom.unwrap();
+    let (start, end) = (t.xf * geom.start, t.xf * geom.end);
+    assert!(start.distance(Point::new(40.0, 0.0)) < 1e-6 && end.distance(Point::new(240.0, 0.0)) < 1e-6, "{start:?} {end:?}");
+}

crates/svg/tests/import_units.rs

@@ -115,11 +115,10 @@ fn text_lengths_in_physical_units() {
     assert!(close(o.x, 72.0) && close(o.y, 144.0), "{o:?}");
     let st = t.first_style();
     assert!(close(st.tracking, 100.0), "{}", st.tracking);
-    // User units of a physical root are CSS pixels (0.75 pt): the text carries that scale.
-    let scale = t.xf.as_coeffs()[0];
-    assert!(close(scale, 0.75), "{:?}", t.xf);
-    assert!(close(st.stroke_width * scale, 1.0), "{}", st.stroke_width);
-    assert!(close(st.size * scale, 15.0), "{}", st.size);
+    // User units of a physical root are CSS pixels (0.75 pt): that scale moves into the type.
+    assert!(close(t.xf.as_coeffs()[0], 1.0), "{:?}", t.xf);
+    assert!(close(st.stroke_width, 1.0), "{}", st.stroke_width);
+    assert!(close(st.size, 15.0), "{}", st.size);
 }
 
 #[test]

crates/svg/tests/non_scaling_stroke.rs

@@ -84,9 +84,10 @@ fn type_keeps_its_non_scaling_stroke_width() {
     let (d, warnings) = import_with_report(svg).unwrap();
     let t = text(&d);
     let st = &t.runs[0].style;
-    // Text space is scaled 2×: half the width there is the width on screen.
+    // The scale became the type's size: the stroke and its dashes keep their width on screen.
+    assert!(close(st.size, 40.0) && close(t.xf.determinant(), 1.0), "{} {:?}", st.size, t.xf);
     assert!(close(st.stroke_width * t.xf.determinant().sqrt(), 3.0), "{} {:?}", st.stroke_width, t.xf);
-    assert_eq!(st.stroke_dash.as_ref().map(|d| d.pattern.clone()), Some(vec![2.0, 1.0]));
+    assert_eq!(st.stroke_dash.as_ref().map(|d| d.pattern.clone()), Some(vec![4.0, 2.0]));
     assert!(warnings.is_empty(), "{warnings:?}");
 
     let (_, warnings) = import_with_report(&svg.replace("scale(2)", "scale(2 1)")).unwrap();

crates/svg/tests/roundtrip.rs

@@ -386,6 +386,33 @@ fn text_roundtrip_and_escaping() {
     assert!(t.xf.translation().to_point().distance(Point::new(20.0, 50.0)) < 0.01);
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn scaled_text_roundtrips_at_the_size_it_draws() {
+    // Type scaled with its object (its transform scales it) comes back at the size it draws at,
+    // drawn the same, and stays so on the next round trip; a stretch stays the transform.
+    let at = Affine::translate((20.0, 50.0));
+    let stretch = at * Affine::rotate(0.5) * Affine::scale_non_uniform(2.0, 1.0);
+    for (xf, size) in [(at * Affine::scale(2.0), 18.0), (at * Affine::rotate(0.5) * Affine::scale(3.0), 27.0), (stretch, 9.0)] {
+        let mut t = TextObject::point(Point::ZERO, "Scaled\ntype", CharStyle { size: 9.0, leading: Some(11.0), ..CharStyle::default() });
+        t.xf = xf;
+        let drawn = |t: &TextObject| t.xf.transform_rect_bbox(vectorcraft_text::layout(vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global(), t).bounds);
+        let before = drawn(&t);
+        let id = Document::new(200.0, 200.0).alloc_id();
+        let d = doc_with(vec![Node::new(id, NodeKind::Text(Box::new(t)))]);
+        let once = roundtrip(&d);
+        let NodeKind::Text(t) = &art(&once)[0].kind else { panic!() };
+        // Within the precision of the exported matrix (3 decimals); the second line carries the
+        // leading.
+        let near = |a: f64, b: f64| (a - b).abs() < b * 1e-3;
+        let st = &t.runs.last().unwrap().style;
+        assert!(near(st.size, size) && near(st.leading.unwrap(), 11.0 * size / 9.0), "{xf:?}: {st:?}");
+        assert!(close_rect(drawn(t), before, 0.05), "{xf:?}: {:?} {before:?}", drawn(t));
+        let twice = roundtrip(&once);
+        let NodeKind::Text(t2) = &art(&twice)[0].kind else { panic!() };
+        assert!(near(t2.first_style().size, size) && close_rect(drawn(t2), before, 0.05), "{xf:?}: {:?} {:?}", t2.runs, drawn(t2));
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn text_on_path_roundtrip() {
     let mut d = Document::new(200.0, 200.0);

crates/text/src/fontdb.rs

@@ -77,6 +77,8 @@ pub struct FontFace {
     location: Location,
     /// [`Self::variations`] for the shaper (advances, kerning, feature variations).
     pub(crate) instance: Option<harfrust::ShaperInstance>,
+    /// [`Self::ideographic_centre`], read once: layout asks for it per glyph.
+    ideographic_centre: std::sync::OnceLock<f64>,
 }
 
 impl std::fmt::Debug for FontFace {
@@ -170,8 +172,10 @@ impl FontFace {
     /// vertical metrics (an ideograph's cell), else the usual 0.38 (the box running from 0.12 em
     /// below the baseline to 0.88 em above it).
     pub fn ideographic_centre(&self) -> f64 {
-        let gid = ['国', 'あ', '一'].into_iter().map(|c| self.glyph_for(c)).find(|g| *g != 0);
-        gid.and_then(|g| self.vertical_glyph(g)).map_or(0.38, |(advance, origin)| (origin - advance * 0.5) / self.upem)
+        *self.ideographic_centre.get_or_init(|| {
+            let gid = ['国', 'あ', '一'].into_iter().map(|c| self.glyph_for(c)).find(|g| *g != 0);
+            gid.and_then(|g| self.vertical_glyph(g)).map_or(0.38, |(advance, origin)| (origin - advance * 0.5) / self.upem)
+        })
     }
     /// Glyph id for `c` (0 = .notdef).
     pub fn glyph_for(&self, c: char) -> u32 {
@@ -813,6 +817,7 @@ fn make_face(bytes: FontBytes, index: u32, spec: FaceStyle, path: Option<std::pa
         bytes,
         index,
         path,
+        ideographic_centre: std::sync::OnceLock::new(),
     })
 }
 

crates/text/src/layout.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use std::ops::Range;
 
 use kurbo::{Affine, BezPath, ParamCurve, ParamCurveArclen, PathEl, PathSeg, Point, Rect, Shape, Vec2};
 use unicode_bidi::{BidiInfo, Level};
-use vectorcraft_doc::{CharStyle, Justify, Mojikumi, ParaDirection, ParaStyle, PathEffect, TextKind, TextObject};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{CharStyle, Justify, LeadingModel, Mojikumi, ParaDirection, ParaStyle, PathEffect, TextKind, TextObject};
 
 use crate::composer::{Breakpoint, compose};
 use crate::fontdb::FontDb;
@@ -581,11 +581,14 @@ struct Metrics {
     lead: f64,
     cap: f64,
     xh: f64,
+    /// Height of the top of the ideographic em box above the baseline.
+    top: f64,
 }
 
 impl Metrics {
     fn of(g: &SGlyph) -> Self {
-        Self { asc: g.ascent, desc: g.descent, lead: g.leading, cap: g.cap, xh: g.xh }
+        let em = g.face.units_per_em() * g.sy;
+        Self { asc: g.ascent, desc: g.descent, lead: g.leading, cap: g.cap, xh: g.xh, top: (g.face.ideographic_centre() + 0.5) * em }
     }
     fn max(g: &[SGlyph]) -> Option<Self> {
         let mut it = g.iter();
@@ -596,6 +599,7 @@ impl Metrics {
             lead: m.lead.max(g.leading),
             cap: m.cap.max(g.cap),
             xh: m.xh.max(g.xh),
+            top: m.top.max(Self::of(g).top),
         }))
     }
     /// Distance from the frame top to the first baseline.
@@ -622,6 +626,9 @@ struct Pen<'r> {
     fb_min: f64,
     /// Further spans at the current baseline (text wrapping on both sides of an object).
     queued: Vec<(f64, f64, f64)>,
+    /// Leading measured from em box top to em box top: where the next line's em box top goes.
+    model: LeadingModel,
+    next_top: Option<f64>,
 }
 
 impl Pen<'_> {
@@ -630,7 +637,7 @@ impl Pen<'_> {
     /// The `bool` is true for a further span at the previous line's baseline.
     fn place(&mut self, est: Metrics, ind_l: f64, ind_r: f64) -> Option<(f64, f64, f64, bool)> {
         let Some(regions) = self.regions else {
-            let b = self.prev.map_or(0.0, |b| b + est.lead + self.pending);
+            let b = self.prev.map_or(0.0, |b| self.next_baseline(b, est));
             return Some((b, f64::NEG_INFINITY, f64::INFINITY, false));
         };
         if !self.queued.is_empty() {
@@ -640,8 +647,9 @@ impl Pen<'_> {
         loop {
             let r = regions.get(self.ri)?;
             let mut baseline = match self.prev {
+                None if self.model == LeadingModel::EmBoxTop => r.top() + est.top.max(self.fb_min),
                 None => r.top() + est.first_baseline(self.fb, self.fb_min),
-                Some(b) => b + est.lead + self.pending,
+                Some(b) => self.next_baseline(b, est),
             };
             loop {
                 if baseline + est.desc > r.bottom() + 0.01 {
@@ -675,6 +683,18 @@ impl Pen<'_> {
     fn bottom(&self) -> f64 {
         self.regions.and_then(|r| r.get(self.ri)).map_or(f64::INFINITY, |r| r.bottom())
     }
+    /// The baseline of the line after the one at `prev`, for a line of metrics `est`.
+    fn next_baseline(&self, prev: f64, est: Metrics) -> f64 {
+        match (self.model, self.next_top) {
+            (LeadingModel::EmBoxTop, Some(top)) => top + est.top + self.pending,
+            _ => prev + est.lead + self.pending,
+        }
+    }
+    /// A line was set at `baseline` with metrics `m`: where the next one goes from.
+    fn settled(&mut self, baseline: f64, m: Metrics) {
+        self.prev = Some(baseline);
+        self.next_top = Some(baseline - m.top + m.lead);
+    }
 }
 
 /// Advance of a tab at pen position `x`: up to the next stop after it (explicit stops first, then
@@ -873,7 +893,7 @@ fn compose_para(cx: &Ctx<'_>, sg: &[SGlyph], para: &ParaStyle, pen: &Pen<'_>) ->
         let w = x1 - x0 - ind_l - para.right_indent;
         widths.push(w);
         acc += w.max(1.0);
-        sim.prev = Some(b);
+        sim.settled(b, m);
         sim.pending = 0.0;
         if acc > total * 1.6 + 4.0 * w.max(1.0) {
             break;
@@ -887,7 +907,17 @@ fn compose_para(cx: &Ctx<'_>, sg: &[SGlyph], para: &ParaStyle, pen: &Pen<'_>) ->
 }
 
 fn flow(cx: &mut Ctx<'_>, paras: &[Range<usize>], para: &ParaStyle, regions: Option<&[Region]>) {
-    let mut pen = Pen { regions, ri: 0, prev: None, pending: 0.0, fb: cx.opts.first_baseline, fb_min: cx.opts.first_baseline_min, queued: vec![] };
+    let mut pen = Pen {
+        regions,
+        ri: 0,
+        prev: None,
+        pending: 0.0,
+        fb: cx.opts.first_baseline,
+        fb_min: cx.opts.first_baseline_min,
+        queued: vec![],
+        model: para.leading_model,
+        next_top: None,
+    };
     'paras: for (pi, pr) in paras.iter().enumerate() {
         let text = cx.text;
         let bidi = para_bidi(text.get(pr.clone()).unwrap_or_default(), para.direction);
@@ -899,8 +929,10 @@ fn flow(cx: &mut Ctx<'_>, paras: &[Range<usize>], para: &ParaStyle, regions: Opt
         let wakan = if para.mojikumi == Mojikumi::LineEndHalf { space_japanese_and_latin(&mut sg) } else { vec![] };
         let pm = {
             let (asc, desc, lead) = style_metrics(cx.db, cx.style_at(pr.start));
-            let (cap, xh) = cap_x_heights(cx.db, cx.style_at(pr.start));
-            Metrics { asc, desc, lead, cap, xh }
+            let st = cx.style_at(pr.start);
+            let (cap, xh) = cap_x_heights(cx.db, st);
+            let centre = cx.db.face(&st.font_family, &st.font_style).map_or(EM_CENTER, |f| f.ideographic_centre());
+            Metrics { asc, desc, lead, cap, xh, top: (centre + 0.5) * st.size * st.v_scale / 100.0 }
         };
         if pi > 0 {
             pen.pending += para.space_before;
@@ -930,6 +962,10 @@ fn flow(cx: &mut Ctx<'_>, paras: &[Range<usize>], para: &ParaStyle, regions: Opt
                 let m = Metrics::max(&sg[i..end]).unwrap_or(pm);
                 baseline += if same_baseline || (pen.regions.is_none() && first_in_region) {
                     0.0
+                } else if pen.model == LeadingModel::EmBoxTop {
+                    // The em box top is fixed (the frame's top, or the line above's): the baseline
+                    // hangs from it by this line's tallest em box.
+                    if first_in_region { m.top.max(pen.fb_min) - est.top.max(pen.fb_min) } else { m.top - est.top }
                 } else if first_in_region {
                     m.first_baseline(pen.fb, pen.fb_min) - est.first_baseline(pen.fb, pen.fb_min)
                 } else {
@@ -1077,7 +1113,7 @@ fn flow(cx: &mut Ctx<'_>, paras: &[Range<usize>], para: &ParaStyle, regions: Opt
                 glyph_end: cx.out.glyphs.len(),
                 avail: if regions.is_some() { (ax0, ax1) } else { (start_x, x_end) },
             });
-            pen.prev = Some(baseline);
+            pen.settled(baseline, m);
             // Further spans of this line band share the settled baseline.
             for q in &mut pen.queued {
                 q.0 = baseline;

crates/text/src/tests.rs

@@ -522,3 +522,38 @@ fn justified_japanese_lines_spread_between_characters() {
     assert!(solid(at) && solid(at + 1), "A–B–C set solid");
     assert!(g[at].origin.x - g[at - 1].origin.x > a + 0.1, "二–A takes its share");
 }
+
+/// Leading measured from em box top to em box top (Japanese layout's model): area type's first line
+/// touches the frame's top; lines of one size are as far apart as with baseline-to-baseline leading;
+/// with sizes mixed, a line's leading is the space below it (baseline leading: above it).
+#[test]
+fn em_box_top_leading_hangs_lines_from_the_line_above() {
+    use vectorcraft_doc::{LeadingModel, TextRun};
+    let st = |size: f64| CharStyle { size, leading: Some(size * 1.5), ..style(size) };
+    let lay = |t: &TextObject, m: LeadingModel| {
+        let mut t = t.clone();
+        t.para.leading_model = m;
+        layout(db(), &t)
+    };
+    // The em box top: 0.88 em above the baseline (fonts without vertical metrics).
+    let top = |size: f64| 0.88 * size;
+    let one_size = area("一行目\n二行目\n三行目", st(20.0), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 300.0, 300.0), Justify::Left);
+    let (roman, em) = (lay(&one_size, LeadingModel::RomanBaseline), lay(&one_size, LeadingModel::EmBoxTop));
+    assert!((em.lines[0].baseline - top(20.0)).abs() < 0.01, "the first line's em box touches the top: {}", em.lines[0].baseline);
+    assert!((roman.lines[0].baseline - em.lines[0].baseline).abs() > 0.5, "baseline leading keeps Area Type Options' first baseline");
+    for l in [&roman, &em] {
+        assert!((l.lines[1].baseline - l.lines[0].baseline - 30.0).abs() < 0.01 && (l.lines[2].baseline - l.lines[1].baseline - 30.0).abs() < 0.01);
+    }
+    // 40 pt over 20 pt (leading 60 and 30).
+    let mut mixed = point("", st(40.0));
+    mixed.runs = vec![TextRun { text: "大\n".into(), style: st(40.0) }, TextRun { text: "小".into(), style: st(20.0) }];
+    let roman = lay(&mixed, LeadingModel::RomanBaseline);
+    assert!((roman.lines[1].baseline - roman.lines[0].baseline - 30.0).abs() < 0.01, "the small line's leading, above it");
+    let em = lay(&mixed, LeadingModel::EmBoxTop);
+    let want = -top(40.0) + 60.0 + top(20.0);
+    assert!(
+        (em.lines[1].baseline - em.lines[0].baseline - want).abs() < 0.01,
+        "the big line's leading, below it: {} vs {want}",
+        em.lines[1].baseline - em.lines[0].baseline
+    );
+}

crates/tools/src/builder.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 //! Shape Builder (Shift+M), Live Paint Bucket (K) and Live Paint Selection (Shift+L).
 //!
 //! The tools only emit commands (`shapeBuilder.merge`, `livePaint.fill`, `livePaint.strokeEdge`,
-//! `select.*`); the planar arrangement comes from `vectorcraft_pathops::regions`.
+//! `select.*`); the planar arrangement comes from `vectorcraft_pathops::shape_builder` (Shape
+//! Builder) and `vectorcraft_pathops::live_paint` (Live Paint).
 //!
 //! **Live Paint groups** are ordinary groups (no special node kind): the group's name starts with
 //! [`LIVE_PAINT_PREFIX`]; its first child is a hidden group named [`SOURCES_NAME`] holding the
@@ -151,6 +152,141 @@ pub fn shapes_for<'a>(doc: &'a Document, roots: &[NodeId]) -> (Vec<po::Shape>, V
     (shapes, used)
 }
 
+/// Shape Builder inputs: [`shapes_for`], with the open subpaths of filled paths closed where that
+/// encloses an area (the fill bounds a region, as if an invisible edge closed it). Unfilled open
+/// paths and straight lines stay open and cut the regions they cross.
+fn shape_builder_shapes<'a>(doc: &'a Document, roots: &[NodeId]) -> (Vec<po::Shape>, Vec<&'a Node>) {
+    let (mut shapes, leaves) = shapes_for(doc, roots);
+    for (s, l) in shapes.iter_mut().zip(&leaves) {
+        if l.appearance.fill_paint().is_none() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        for sp in s.path.subpaths.iter_mut().filter(|sp| !sp.closed) {
+            let mut closed = sp.clone();
+            closed.closed = true;
+            let mut bp = BezPath::new();
+            closed.to_bezpath_into(&mut bp);
+            let size = bp.bounding_box().size();
+            sp.closed = bp.area().abs() > 1e-9 * (size.width * size.width + size.height * size.height);
+        }
+    }
+    (shapes, leaves)
+}
+
+/// A planar-map face with its outline and bounds, ready for hit tests.
+pub type Face = (po::Region, BezPath, Rect);
+
+fn faces_of(regions: Vec<po::Region>) -> Vec<Face> {
+    regions
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter_map(|r| {
+            let bp = r.path.to_bezpath();
+            let b = r.path.bounds()?;
+            Some((r, bp, b))
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+/// The Shape Builder's planar map of a selection.
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct BuilderMap {
+    /// The inputs, back → front (see [`po::shape_builder`]).
+    pub shapes: Vec<po::Shape>,
+    pub regions: Vec<Face>,
+    /// Pieces of the unfilled open paths, keyed by input index, with their bounds.
+    pub lines: Vec<(po::Shape, Rect)>,
+}
+
+/// What a Shape Builder gesture touches at a point.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Hit {
+    Region(usize),
+    Line(usize),
+}
+
+impl BuilderMap {
+    /// The map of `roots` (sorted back → front), with the leaves the inputs came from.
+    pub fn new<'a>(doc: &'a Document, roots: &[NodeId]) -> (Self, Vec<&'a Node>) {
+        let (shapes, leaves) = shape_builder_shapes(doc, roots);
+        if shapes.is_empty() {
+            return (Self::default(), leaves);
+        }
+        let (regions, lines) = po::shape_builder(&shapes);
+        let lines = lines.into_iter().filter_map(|l| Some((l.path.bounds()?, l))).map(|(b, l)| (l, b)).collect();
+        (Self { shapes, regions: faces_of(regions), lines }, leaves)
+    }
+
+    /// The region containing `p`.
+    pub fn region_at(&self, p: Point) -> Option<usize> {
+        self.regions.iter().position(|(_, bp, b)| b.contains(p) && bp.winding(p) != 0)
+    }
+
+    /// The line piece nearest `p`, within `tol`.
+    pub fn line_near(&self, p: Point, tol: f64) -> Option<usize> {
+        let mut best: Option<(f64, usize)> = None;
+        for (i, (l, b)) in self.lines.iter().enumerate() {
+            if b.inflate(tol, tol).contains(p)
+                && let Some((.., d)) = l.path.nearest(p)
+                && d <= tol
+                && best.is_none_or(|b| d < b.0)
+            {
+                best = Some((d, i));
+            }
+        }
+        best.map(|b| b.1)
+    }
+
+    /// What a gesture at `p` touches: with `line_tol` (erasing), a line piece that close, else the
+    /// region under it.
+    pub fn hit(&self, p: Point, line_tol: Option<f64>) -> Option<Hit> {
+        line_tol.and_then(|t| self.line_near(p, t)).map(Hit::Line).or_else(|| self.region_at(p).map(Hit::Region))
+    }
+
+    /// Does line piece `i` run between two of `regions` (an edge that merging or deleting them
+    /// removes)?
+    pub fn line_between(&self, i: usize, regions: &[usize]) -> bool {
+        let Some(sp) = self.lines.get(i).and_then(|(l, _)| l.path.subpaths.first()) else { return false };
+        let n = sp.segment_count();
+        if n == 0 {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let c = sp.segment(n / 2);
+        use kurbo::{ParamCurve as _, ParamCurveDeriv as _};
+        let (m, d) = (c.eval(0.5), c.deriv().eval(0.5).to_vec2());
+        let len = d.hypot();
+        if !(len.is_finite() && len > 0.0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // A little to each side: inside the faces next to it, which share it exactly.
+        let off = d.turn_90() * (0.05f64.min(0.05 * c.p0.distance(c.p3)).max(1e-6) / len);
+        [m + off, m - off].into_iter().all(|q| self.region_at(q).is_some_and(|r| regions.contains(&r)))
+    }
+}
+
+/// The regions and line pieces a Shape Builder gesture has touched, in the order touched.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Touched {
+    pub regions: Vec<usize>,
+    pub lines: Vec<usize>,
+}
+
+impl Touched {
+    pub fn add(&mut self, hit: Option<Hit>) {
+        let (list, i) = match hit {
+            Some(Hit::Region(i)) => (&mut self.regions, i),
+            Some(Hit::Line(i)) => (&mut self.lines, i),
+            None => return,
+        };
+        if !list.contains(&i) {
+            list.push(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.regions.is_empty() && self.lines.is_empty()
+    }
+}
+
 /// Selected roots sorted back → front in document order.
 pub fn sorted_roots(doc: &Document, ids: &[NodeId]) -> Vec<NodeId> {
     let mut v: Vec<(Vec<usize>, NodeId)> = ids.iter().filter_map(|id| doc.index_path(*id).map(|p| (p, *id))).collect();
@@ -238,13 +374,12 @@ pub fn hatch(path: &BezPath, gap: f64) -> BezPath {
     out
 }
 
-/// Regions of the current selection, cached by document identity and selection.
+/// The planar map of the current selection, cached by document identity and selection.
 #[derive(Default)]
 struct RegionCache {
     key: Option<(usize, Vec<NodeId>)>,
-    regions: Vec<(po::Region, BezPath, Rect)>,
-    /// Live Paint faces (every path an edge, open ones included) rather than Shape Builder
-    /// regions (the filled areas of the shapes).
+    map: BuilderMap,
+    /// Live Paint faces (every path an edge, filled or not) rather than Shape Builder regions.
     live: bool,
 }
 
@@ -252,58 +387,57 @@ impl RegionCache {
     fn live_paint() -> Self {
         Self { live: true, ..Default::default() }
     }
-    fn get(&mut self, cx: &ToolContext) -> &[(po::Region, BezPath, Rect)] {
+    fn get(&mut self, cx: &ToolContext) -> &BuilderMap {
         let key = (cx.doc as *const Document as usize, cx.selection.objects.clone());
         if self.key.as_ref() != Some(&key) {
             let roots = sorted_roots(cx.doc, &cx.selection.objects);
-            let (shapes, _) = shapes_for(cx.doc, &roots);
-            self.regions = if shapes.is_empty() {
-                vec![]
+            self.map = if self.live {
+                let (shapes, _) = shapes_for(cx.doc, &roots);
+                let regions = if shapes.is_empty() { vec![] } else { faces_of(po::live_paint(&shapes).0) };
+                BuilderMap { regions, ..Default::default() }
             } else {
-                let regions = if self.live { po::live_paint(&shapes).0 } else { po::regions(&shapes) };
-                regions
-                    .into_iter()
-                    .filter_map(|r| {
-                        let bp = r.path.to_bezpath();
-                        let b = r.path.bounds()?;
-                        Some((r, bp, b))
-                    })
-                    .collect()
+                BuilderMap::new(cx.doc, &roots).0
             };
             self.key = Some(key);
         }
-        &self.regions
+        &self.map
     }
     fn at(&mut self, cx: &ToolContext, p: Point) -> Option<usize> {
-        self.get(cx).iter().position(|(_, bp, b)| b.contains(p) && bp.winding(p) != 0)
+        self.get(cx).region_at(p)
     }
 }
 
 // ---------- Shape Builder ----------
 
-/// Shape Builder tool: drag across regions to merge them, Alt-drag to delete them.
+/// Shape Builder tool: drag across regions to merge them, Alt-drag to delete them (and the pieces
+/// of open paths it passes over).
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct ShapeBuilderTool {
     cache: RegionCache,
-    hover: Option<usize>,
+    hover: Option<Hit>,
     points: Vec<Point>,
-    touched: Vec<usize>,
+    touched: Touched,
     dragging: bool,
     alt: bool,
 }
 
+/// How close (screen px) the pointer must come to a line piece to delete it.
+const LINE_TOL_PX: f64 = 4.0;
+
 impl ShapeBuilderTool {
+    fn line_tol(cx: &ToolContext, alt: bool) -> Option<f64> {
+        alt.then(|| cx.tol(LINE_TOL_PX))
+    }
+
     fn touch(&mut self, cx: &ToolContext, from: Option<Point>, to: Point) {
         let pts = match from {
             Some(a) => sample_polyline(&[a, to], cx.tol(2.0)),
             None => vec![to],
         };
+        let tol = Self::line_tol(cx, self.alt);
         for p in pts {
-            if let Some(i) = self.cache.at(cx, p)
-                && !self.touched.contains(&i)
-            {
-                self.touched.push(i);
-            }
+            let hit = self.cache.get(cx).hit(p, tol);
+            self.touched.add(hit);
         }
     }
 }
@@ -317,7 +451,7 @@ impl Tool for ShapeBuilderTool {
         let p = ev.pos;
         match ev.kind {
             PointerKind::Move => {
-                self.hover = self.cache.at(cx, p);
+                self.hover = self.cache.get(cx).hit(p, Self::line_tol(cx, ev.mods.alt));
                 vec![]
             }
             PointerKind::Down => {
@@ -327,7 +461,7 @@ impl Tool for ShapeBuilderTool {
                 self.dragging = true;
                 self.alt = ev.mods.alt;
                 self.points = vec![p];
-                self.touched.clear();
+                self.touched = Touched::default();
                 self.touch(cx, None, p);
                 vec![]
             }
@@ -353,7 +487,12 @@ impl Tool for ShapeBuilderTool {
                 self.cache.key = None;
                 let roots = sorted_roots(cx.doc, &cx.selection.objects);
                 let pts: Vec<Value> = points.iter().map(|q| json!([q.x, q.y])).collect();
-                vec![Action::Exec("shapeBuilder.merge".into(), json!({ "ids": json_ids(&roots), "points": pts, "erase": self.alt || ev.mods.alt }))]
+                let erase = self.alt || ev.mods.alt;
+                let mut params = json!({ "ids": json_ids(&roots), "points": pts, "erase": erase });
+                if let Some(t) = Self::line_tol(cx, erase) {
+                    params["tolerance"] = json!(t);
+                }
+                vec![Action::Exec("shapeBuilder.merge".into(), params)]
             }
             _ => vec![],
         }
@@ -361,13 +500,26 @@ impl Tool for ShapeBuilderTool {
 
     fn overlays(&self, cx: &ToolContext) -> Vec<Overlay> {
         let mut out = vec![];
-        let regions = &self.cache.regions;
+        let map = &self.cache.map;
         let color = if self.dragging && self.alt { HIGHLIGHT_RED } else { HATCH };
-        let show: Vec<usize> = if self.dragging { self.touched.clone() } else { self.hover.into_iter().collect() };
-        for i in show {
-            if let Some((_, bp, _)) = regions.get(i) {
-                out.push(Overlay::Path { path: hatch(bp, cx.tol(4.0)), color, width: 1.0, dashed: false });
-                out.push(Overlay::Path { path: bp.clone(), color, width: 1.0, dashed: false });
+        let show: Vec<Hit> = if self.dragging {
+            self.touched.regions.iter().map(|&i| Hit::Region(i)).chain(self.touched.lines.iter().map(|&i| Hit::Line(i))).collect()
+        } else {
+            self.hover.into_iter().collect()
+        };
+        for hit in show {
+            match hit {
+                Hit::Region(i) => {
+                    if let Some((_, bp, _)) = map.regions.get(i) {
+                        out.push(Overlay::Path { path: hatch(bp, cx.tol(4.0)), color, width: 1.0, dashed: false });
+                        out.push(Overlay::Path { path: bp.clone(), color, width: 1.0, dashed: false });
+                    }
+                }
+                Hit::Line(i) => {
+                    if let Some((l, _)) = map.lines.get(i) {
+                        out.push(Overlay::Path { path: l.path.to_bezpath(), color: HIGHLIGHT_RED, width: 3.0, dashed: false });
+                    }
+                }
             }
         }
         if self.dragging && self.points.len() > 1 {
@@ -434,6 +586,7 @@ fn lp_overlays(h: &LpHover, cache: &RegionCache) -> Vec<Overlay> {
         LpHover::None => vec![],
         LpHover::Part(bp) => vec![Overlay::Path { path: bp.clone(), color: HIGHLIGHT_RED, width: 4.0, dashed: false }],
         LpHover::Region(i) => cache
+            .map
             .regions
             .get(*i)
             .map(|(_, bp, _)| vec![Overlay::Path { path: bp.clone(), color: HIGHLIGHT_RED, width: 4.0, dashed: false }])
@@ -623,7 +776,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut t = ShapeBuilderTool::default();
         t.pointer(&cx, &ev(PointerKind::Down, 25.0, 50.0));
         t.pointer(&cx, &ev(PointerKind::Drag, 75.0, 50.0));
-        assert_eq!(t.touched.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(t.touched.regions.len(), 2);
         assert!(t.busy());
         let acts = t.pointer(&cx, &ev(PointerKind::Up, 75.0, 50.0));
         let Action::Exec(id, v) = &acts[0] else { panic!("{acts:?}") };

crates/tools/src/corners.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,19 @@
-//! Live Corners: the widgets inside each corner of a selected live rectangle. Dragging one rounds
-//! (or sharpens) all four corners together. The Selection and Direct Selection tools share this,
-//! and the canvas draws the widgets from the same geometry.
+//! Live Corners: the widgets inside the corners of a selected live rectangle. Dragging one rounds
+//! (or sharpens) the corners whose widgets show together: all four when the whole shape is
+//! selected, those with a selected anchor when Direct Selection picked some. Alt-clicking a widget
+//! cycles their corner kind (round, inverted round, chamfer); double-clicking one opens the
+//! Corners dialog. The Selection and Direct Selection tools share this, and the canvas draws the
+//! widgets from the same geometry.
 
-use serde_json::json;
+use serde_json::{Map, Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_doc::{Document, LiveShape, NodeId, NodeKind, Selection};
+use vectorcraft_geom::shapes::CornerKind;
 use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, Point, Vec2};
 
-use crate::{Action, Overlay, ToolContext};
+use crate::{Action, Overlay, PointerEvent, ToolContext};
+
+/// The dialog a double-click on a corner widget opens: `{id, corners}`.
+pub const DIALOG: &str = "corners";
 
 /// Widgets sit at least this far inside their corner (screen px), further in once the radius is.
 const MIN_INSET_PX: f64 = 10.0;
@@ -24,9 +31,12 @@ pub struct CornerWidgets {
     w: f64,
     h: f64,
     radii: [f64; 4],
+    kinds: [CornerKind; 4],
     xf: Affine,
     /// Widget centres in document coordinates, in radii order.
     pub points: [Point; 4],
+    /// The corners whose widgets show (and which a drag edits).
+    pub shown: [bool; 4],
 }
 
 impl CornerWidgets {
@@ -36,10 +46,9 @@ impl CornerWidgets {
         if !doc.is_editable(id) {
             return None;
         }
-        let Some(NodeKind::Path { live: Some(LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, xf }), .. }) = doc.node(id).map(|n| &n.kind) else {
-            return None;
-        };
-        let (w, h, radii, xf) = (*w, *h, *radii, *xf);
+        let Some(NodeKind::Path { live: Some(live), .. }) = doc.node(id).map(|n| &n.kind) else { return None };
+        let LiveShape::Rectangle { w, h, radii, kinds, xf } = live else { return None };
+        let (w, h, radii, kinds, xf) = (*w, *h, *radii, *kinds, *xf);
         // Screen pixels per shape unit along each side (the shape may be scaled or skewed).
         let c = xf.as_coeffs();
         let (px, py) = (Vec2::new(c[0], c[1]).hypot() * zoom, Vec2::new(c[2], c[3]).hypot() * zoom);
@@ -52,7 +61,7 @@ impl CornerWidgets {
             let iy = radii[k].max(MIN_INSET_PX / py).min(h / 2.0);
             xf * Point::new(fx * w + sx * ix, fy * h + sy * iy)
         });
-        Some(Self { id, w, h, radii, xf, points })
+        Some(Self { id, w, h, radii, kinds, xf, points, shown: live.picked_corners(selection.partial(id)) })
     }
 
     /// The widgets the active tool can drag (View → Show Corner Widget on).
@@ -63,9 +72,32 @@ impl CornerWidgets {
         Self::of(cx.doc, cx.selection, cx.zoom)
     }
 
-    /// Index of the widget nearest to `p` within `tol` (document units).
+    /// The centres of the widgets that show.
+    pub fn visible(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Point> + '_ {
+        self.points.iter().zip(self.shown).filter(|(_, on)| *on).map(|(p, _)| *p)
+    }
+
+    /// The indices of the shown corners.
+    fn shown_indices(&self) -> Value {
+        (0..4).filter(|k| self.shown[*k]).collect()
+    }
+
+    /// Index of the shown widget nearest to `p` within `tol` (document units).
     pub fn hit(&self, p: Point, tol: f64) -> Option<usize> {
-        (0..4).filter(|k| self.points[*k].distance(p) <= tol).min_by(|a, b| self.points[*a].distance(p).total_cmp(&self.points[*b].distance(p)))
+        let d = |k: &usize| self.points[*k].distance(p);
+        (0..4).filter(|k| self.shown[*k] && d(k) <= tol).min_by(|a, b| d(a).total_cmp(&d(b)))
+    }
+
+    /// `object.setLiveShape` params setting `key` on the shown corners (all four unless some are
+    /// hidden, which `corners` then leaves out).
+    fn command(&self, key: &str, value: Value) -> Value {
+        let mut p = Map::new();
+        p.insert("id".into(), json!(self.id.0));
+        p.insert(key.into(), value);
+        if self.shown != [true; 4] {
+            p.insert("corners".into(), self.shown_indices());
+        }
+        Value::Object(p)
     }
 }
 
@@ -74,23 +106,32 @@ pub fn over_widget(cx: &ToolContext, p: Point) -> bool {
     CornerWidgets::for_tool(cx).and_then(|w| w.hit(p, cx.tol(5.0))).is_some()
 }
 
-/// Dragging a corner widget: the radius follows the pointer along the corner's diagonal.
+/// A double-click on a corner widget opens the Corners dialog for the shown corners.
+pub fn double_click(cx: &ToolContext, p: Point) -> Option<Action> {
+    let w = CornerWidgets::for_tool(cx)?;
+    w.hit(p, cx.tol(5.0))?;
+    Some(Action::Dialog(DIALOG.into(), json!({ "id": w.id.0, "corners": w.shown_indices() })))
+}
+
+/// Dragging a corner widget: the radius follows the pointer along the corner's diagonal. An
+/// Alt-click (no drag) cycles the corner kind instead.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
 pub struct CornerDrag {
     widgets: CornerWidgets,
     corner: usize,
     start: Point,
     began: bool,
+    alt: bool,
     radius: f64,
     at: Point,
 }
 
 impl CornerDrag {
-    /// Start a drag when `p` is on a widget of the selection.
-    pub fn hit(cx: &ToolContext, p: Point) -> Option<Self> {
-        let widgets = CornerWidgets::for_tool(cx)?;
+    /// Start a drag when the press `ev` is on a widget of the selection.
+    pub fn hit(cx: &ToolContext, ev: &PointerEvent) -> Option<Self> {
+        let (widgets, p) = (CornerWidgets::for_tool(cx)?, ev.pos);
         let corner = widgets.hit(p, cx.tol(5.0))?;
-        Some(Self { widgets, corner, start: p, began: false, radius: widgets.radii[corner], at: p })
+        Some(Self { widgets, corner, start: p, began: false, alt: ev.mods.alt, radius: widgets.radii[corner], at: p })
     }
 
     /// The start radius (as drawn: no larger than fits) plus the pointer's travel along the
@@ -115,12 +156,19 @@ impl CornerDrag {
         }
         self.radius = self.radius_at(p);
         self.at = p;
-        out.push(Action::Preview("object.setLiveShape".into(), json!({ "id": self.widgets.id.0, "radius": self.radius })));
+        out.push(Action::Preview("object.setLiveShape".into(), self.widgets.command("radius", json!(self.radius))));
         out
     }
 
     pub fn finish(self) -> Vec<Action> {
-        if self.began { vec![Action::Commit] } else { vec![] }
+        if self.began {
+            vec![Action::Commit]
+        } else if self.alt {
+            let kind = self.widgets.kinds[self.corner].next();
+            vec![Action::Exec("object.setLiveShape".into(), self.widgets.command("kind", json!(kind)))]
+        } else {
+            vec![]
+        }
     }
 
     /// The radius readout next to the pointer.
@@ -136,7 +184,7 @@ impl CornerDrag {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use crate::testutil::*;
-    use crate::{PointerEvent, PointerKind};
+    use crate::{Mods, PointerKind};
     use vectorcraft_doc::{Appearance, Node};
 
     /// A live 100 × 100 rectangle at (100, 100) with corner radius `r`.
@@ -144,7 +192,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut d = Document::new(500.0, 500.0);
         let l = d.layers[0].id;
         let id = d.alloc_id();
-        let live = LiveShape::Rectangle { w: 100.0, h: 100.0, radii: [r; 4], xf };
+        let live = LiveShape::Rectangle { w: 100.0, h: 100.0, radii: [r; 4], kinds: Default::default(), xf };
         let mut n = Node::path(id, live.to_path(), Appearance::default_art());
         if let NodeKind::Path { live: slot, .. } = &mut n.kind {
             *slot = Some(live);
@@ -221,6 +269,55 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(t.pointer(&cx, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Up, 190.0, 110.0)).is_empty());
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn direct_selected_corners_show_their_widgets_alone_and_round_alone() {
+        let (d, id) = live_rect(0.0, Affine::translate((100.0, 100.0)));
+        // Direct Selection picked the bottom-right anchor.
+        let mut s = selected(id);
+        s.anchors.insert(id, [(0, 2)].into());
+        let p = paint();
+        let cx = cx(&d, &s, &p);
+        let w = CornerWidgets::of(&d, &s, 1.0).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(w.shown, [false, false, true, false]);
+        assert_eq!(w.visible().collect::<Vec<_>>(), [Point::new(190.0, 190.0)]);
+        assert!(!over_widget(&cx, Point::new(110.0, 110.0)), "the other corners hide theirs");
+        let mut t = crate::create("directSelection");
+        assert!(t.pointer(&cx, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Down, 190.0, 191.0)).is_empty());
+        let a = t.pointer(&cx, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Drag, 175.0, 176.0));
+        assert_eq!(a[0], Action::Begin("Corner Radius".into()));
+        assert_eq!(a[1], Action::Preview("object.setLiveShape".into(), json!({"id": id.0, "radius": 15.0, "corners": [2]})));
+        assert_eq!(t.pointer(&cx, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Up, 175.0, 176.0)), vec![Action::Commit]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn alt_click_cycles_the_kind_and_double_click_opens_the_dialog() {
+        let (d, id) = live_rect(10.0, Affine::translate((100.0, 100.0)));
+        let p = paint();
+        let alt = Mods { alt: true, ..Mods::default() };
+        let whole = selected(id);
+        let mut part = selected(id);
+        part.anchors.insert(id, [(0, 0), (0, 7)].into());
+        for (s, extra) in [(&whole, json!({})), (&part, json!({"corners": [0]}))] {
+            let cx = cx(&d, s, &p);
+            let mut want = json!({"id": id.0, "kind": "invertedRound"});
+            want.as_object_mut().unwrap().extend(extra.as_object().unwrap().clone());
+            for tool in ["selection", "directSelection"] {
+                let mut t = crate::create(tool);
+                assert!(t.pointer(&cx, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Down, 110.0, 110.0).with_mods(alt)).is_empty());
+                let a = t.pointer(&cx, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::Up, 110.0, 110.0).with_mods(alt));
+                assert_eq!(a, vec![Action::Exec("object.setLiveShape".into(), want.clone())], "{tool}");
+            }
+        }
+        // A double-click on a widget opens Corners for the shown corners; elsewhere it doesn't.
+        let cx1 = cx(&d, &part, &p);
+        let a = crate::create("directSelection").pointer(&cx1, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::DoubleClick, 110.0, 110.0));
+        assert_eq!(a, vec![Action::Dialog(DIALOG.into(), json!({"id": id.0, "corners": [0]}))]);
+        let cx2 = cx(&d, &whole, &p);
+        let a = crate::create("selection").pointer(&cx2, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::DoubleClick, 190.0, 110.0));
+        assert_eq!(a, vec![Action::Dialog(DIALOG.into(), json!({"id": id.0, "corners": [0, 1, 2, 3]}))]);
+        assert!(crate::create("selection").pointer(&cx2, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::DoubleClick, 150.0, 150.0)).is_empty());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn widgets_off_or_elsewhere_keep_the_tools_behaviour() {
         let (d, id) = live_rect(0.0, Affine::translate((100.0, 100.0)));

crates/tools/src/direct.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
 //! Direct Selection: click an anchor to select it (Shift toggles), click a segment to select the
 //! path's anchors on that segment, drag to move selected anchors, drag a direction handle to
 //! reshape (Shift keeps it at 45° steps round its anchor, Alt moves it alone; smart guides snap
-//! it), marquee to select anchors, drag a live rectangle's corner widget to round its corners.
+//! it), marquee to select anchors, drag a live rectangle's corner widget to round its corners
+//! (the selected ones when anchors are selected; Alt-click cycles their kind, double-click opens
+//! the Corners dialog).
 //! Group Selection: click selects the leaf; each further click on it adds the next enclosing group.
 //! Both pick the key objects of a blend. Direct Selection also edits a blend's spine: drag its
 //! points (a key object on a point moves with it) and, once a point is clicked, its handles; and
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ use vectorcraft_doc::{AnchorRef, Node, NodeId, NodeKind};
 use vectorcraft_geom::{PathData, Point, Rect};
 
 use crate::bbox::move_delta;
-use crate::corners::{CornerDrag, over_widget};
+use crate::corners::{self, CornerDrag, over_widget};
 use crate::meshedit::MeshEdit;
 use crate::select::{is_area_type, matrix_json};
 use crate::{Action, Cursor, Mods, Overlay, PointerEvent, PointerKind, Tool, ToolContext};
@@ -257,8 +259,9 @@ impl Tool for DirectSelectionTool {
                     vec![Action::Exec("select.set".into(), json!({"ids": [target.0]}))]
                 }
             }
+            (PointerKind::DoubleClick, _) if !self.group => corners::double_click(cx, p).into_iter().collect(),
             (PointerKind::Down, _) => {
-                if let Some(c) = CornerDrag::hit(cx, p) {
+                if let Some(c) = CornerDrag::hit(cx, ev) {
                     self.state = State::Corner(c);
                     return vec![];
                 }

crates/tools/src/select.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 //! The Selection tool (V): click/shift-click, marquee, move (Alt copies, Shift constrains),
 //! bounding-box scale (Shift proportional, Alt from centre) and rotate (outside corners, Shift 45°),
-//! drag a live rectangle's corner widget to round its corners, double-click to enter isolation mode.
+//! drag a live rectangle's corner widget to round its corners (Alt-click cycles their kind,
+//! double-click opens the Corners dialog), double-click to enter isolation mode.
 //! The bounding box stands at the selection's own angle after a rotation, so its handles scale
 //! along the objects' axes. A handle drag resizes area type's frame (the type area) instead of
 //! scaling its type: the text reflows at its size.
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ use vectorcraft_doc::{NodeId, OrientedBox};
 use vectorcraft_geom::{Affine, Point, Rect};
 
 use crate::bbox::{Handle, hit_handle, in_rotate_zone, move_delta, rotate_for_drag, scale_for_drag};
-use crate::corners::{CornerDrag, over_widget};
+use crate::corners::{self, CornerDrag, over_widget};
 use crate::{Action, Cursor, Mods, Overlay, PointerEvent, PointerKind, Tool, ToolContext, json_ids};
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
@@ -108,6 +109,9 @@ impl Tool for SelectionTool {
         match (ev.kind, self.state.clone()) {
             (PointerKind::DoubleClick, _) => {
                 self.state = State::Idle;
+                if let Some(a) = corners::double_click(cx, p) {
+                    return vec![a];
+                }
                 if let Some(h) = hit_test(cx.doc, p, cx.hit_options()) {
                     let top = h.top_object(cx.isolation);
                     if cx.doc.node(top).is_some_and(|n| matches!(n.kind, vectorcraft_doc::NodeKind::Group { .. })) {
@@ -123,7 +127,7 @@ impl Tool for SelectionTool {
             }
             (PointerKind::Down, _) => {
                 // 1. Live Corners widgets, then the bounding-box handles of the current selection.
-                if let Some(c) = CornerDrag::hit(cx, p) {
+                if let Some(c) = CornerDrag::hit(cx, ev) {
                     self.state = State::Corner(c);
                     return vec![];
                 }

crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs

@@ -1239,7 +1239,7 @@ fn selection_overlay(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, p: &egui::Painter, xf: &Xf) {
         && let Some(w) = vectorcraft_tools::corners::CornerWidgets::of(&st.doc, &st.selection, xf.zoom)
     {
         let color = c32(st.doc.layer_color(w.id));
-        for sp in w.points.map(|q| xf.to_screen(q)) {
+        for sp in w.visible().map(|q| xf.to_screen(q)) {
             p.circle_filled(sp, 3.0, Color32::WHITE);
             p.circle_stroke(sp, 3.0, Stroke::new(1.0, color));
             p.circle_filled(sp, 1.0, color);

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/corners.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+//! Corners: double-clicking a Live Corners widget (or `ui.corners`) sets the corner kind and
+//! radius of a live rectangle's corners: those whose widgets show (the Direct-Selected ones, else
+//! all four). OK runs `object.setLiveShape` for them, one undo step.
+//!
+//! Fields: `id`, `corners` (indices 0–3: top-left, top-right, bottom-right, bottom-left), `kind`
+//! ("round", "invertedRound" or "chamfer") and `radius` (pt). While the corners differ in kind
+//! or radius, that field is absent and OK leaves it as it is.
+
+use serde_json::{Value, json};
+use vectorcraft_engine::doc::{NodeId, NodeKind};
+use vectorcraft_geom::shapes::CornerKind;
+
+use super::swatch_options::{grid, label};
+use super::{DialogSpec, form, run_and_close};
+use crate::state::Dialog;
+use crate::{VectorcraftApp, widgets};
+
+/// The dialog kind of Corners (the corner widgets' double-click).
+pub const KIND: &str = vectorcraft_tools::corners::DIALOG;
+
+pub(super) const SPEC: DialogSpec = DialogSpec { heading: |_| tl!("Corners").into(), body, confirm, min_width: 280.0, ..DialogSpec::FORM };
+
+/// Open Corners for `{id?, corners?}`: the live rectangle `id` (default: the selected one) and its
+/// `corners` (default: the selected corners), filled in with their kind and radius.
+pub fn open(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, p: &Value) -> Result<Value, String> {
+    let st = app.session.active().ok_or("no document")?;
+    let id = match p.get("id").and_then(Value::as_u64) {
+        Some(id) => NodeId(id),
+        None => match st.selection.objects[..] {
+            [id] => id,
+            _ => return Err("select one live rectangle, or give its `id`".into()),
+        },
+    };
+    let Some(NodeKind::Path { live: Some(live @ vectorcraft_engine::doc::LiveShape::Rectangle { .. }), .. }) = st.doc.node(id).map(|n| &n.kind)
+    else {
+        return Err("Corners edits a live rectangle".into());
+    };
+    let corners = match p.get("corners").and_then(Value::as_array) {
+        Some(a) => std::array::from_fn(|k| a.iter().any(|v| v.as_u64() == Some(k as u64))),
+        None => live.picked_corners(st.selection.partial(id)),
+    };
+    if !corners.contains(&true) {
+        return Err("give corners 0–3".into());
+    }
+    let (radius, kind) = live.corner_style(corners);
+    let mut fields = json!({"id": id.0, "corners": (0..4).filter(|k| corners[*k]).collect::<Vec<_>>()});
+    if let Some(k) = kind {
+        fields["kind"] = json!(k);
+    }
+    if let Some(r) = radius {
+        fields["radius"] = json!(r);
+    }
+    app.ui.dialog = Some(Dialog::new(KIND, fields));
+    Ok(Value::Null)
+}
+
+fn body(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, d: &mut Dialog) -> bool {
+    let unit = app.session.general_unit();
+    let current = d.fields.get("kind").and_then(|k| serde_json::from_value::<CornerKind>(k.clone()).ok());
+    grid(ui, |ui| {
+        label(ui, tl!("Corner:"));
+        ui.vertical(|ui| {
+            for k in CornerKind::ALL {
+                let name = match k {
+                    CornerKind::Round => tl!("Round"),
+                    CornerKind::InvertedRound => tl!("Inverted Round"),
+                    CornerKind::Chamfer => tl!("Chamfer"),
+                };
+                if widgets::radio(ui, name, Some(k) == current, true) {
+                    d.fields.insert("kind".into(), json!(k));
+                }
+            }
+        });
+        ui.end_row();
+        label(ui, tl!("Radius:"));
+        form::length(ui, d, "radius", unit, 120.0);
+        ui.end_row();
+    });
+    false
+}
+
+fn confirm(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, d: &Dialog) -> Result<Value, String> {
+    let mut p = json!({"id": d.fields.get("id"), "corners": d.fields.get("corners")});
+    if let Some(k) = d.fields.get("kind") {
+        p["kind"] = k.clone();
+    }
+    if d.fields.contains_key("radius") {
+        p["radius"] = json!(d.f64("radius", 0.0));
+    }
+    run_and_close(app, "object.setLiveShape", p)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use vectorcraft_engine::Session;
+    use vectorcraft_engine::doc::LiveShape;
+    use vectorcraft_tools::corners::CornerWidgets;
+    use vectorcraft_tools::{PointerEvent, PointerKind};
+
+    /// A selected 100 pt live square at (100, 100).
+    fn app() -> (VectorcraftApp, u64) {
+        let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), Default::default());
+        app.run("file.new", json!({"width": 400, "height": 400})).unwrap();
+        let id = app.run("shape.rectangle", json!({"x": 100, "y": 100, "width": 100, "height": 100})).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap();
+        (app, id)
+    }
+
+    fn live(app: &VectorcraftApp, id: u64) -> LiveShape {
+        let Some(NodeKind::Path { live: Some(l), .. }) = app.session.active().unwrap().doc.node(NodeId(id)).map(|n| n.kind.clone()) else {
+            panic!("not live")
+        };
+        l
+    }
+
+    fn corners(app: &VectorcraftApp, id: u64) -> ([f64; 4], [CornerKind; 4]) {
+        let LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, kinds, .. } = live(app, id) else { panic!("not a rectangle") };
+        (radii, kinds)
+    }
+
+    /// The radius the Properties panel's Corner Radius field shows.
+    fn panel_radius(app: &VectorcraftApp, id: u64) -> Option<f64> {
+        let n = app.session.active().unwrap().doc.node(NodeId(id)).unwrap().clone();
+        crate::panels::corner_radius(app, &n, &live(app, id))
+    }
+
+    fn shown(app: &mut VectorcraftApp) -> Vec<String> {
+        fn texts(s: &egui::Shape, out: &mut Vec<String>) {
+            match s {
+                egui::Shape::Text(t) => out.push(t.galley.text().to_string()),
+                egui::Shape::Vec(v) => v.iter().for_each(|s| texts(s, out)),
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
+        let ctx = egui::Context::default();
+        crate::theme::install_fonts(&ctx);
+        // A new window lays itself out in its first frame and paints in the next.
+        ctx.run_ui(Default::default(), |ui| super::super::show(app, ui.ctx())).textures_delta.clear();
+        let mut out = ctx.run_ui(Default::default(), |ui| super::super::show(app, ui.ctx()));
+        out.textures_delta.clear();
+        let mut v = vec![];
+        out.shapes.iter().for_each(|c| texts(&c.shape, &mut v));
+        v
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn double_clicking_a_direct_selected_corner_edits_it_alone() {
+        let (mut app, id) = app();
+        // Direct Selection picks the bottom-right anchor: only its widget shows.
+        app.run("select.anchors", json!({"id": id, "anchors": [[0, 2]], "mode": "set"})).unwrap();
+        app.select_tool("directSelection");
+        let view = app.view_info();
+        let st = app.session.active().unwrap();
+        let at: Vec<_> = CornerWidgets::of(&st.doc, &st.selection, view.zoom).unwrap().visible().collect();
+        assert_eq!(at.len(), 1);
+        crate::canvas::dispatch(&mut app, &PointerEvent::new(PointerKind::DoubleClick, at[0].x, at[0].y), view);
+        let d = app.ui.dialog.clone().expect("Corners opened");
+        assert_eq!(
+            (d.kind.as_str(), d.fields.get("corners"), d.fields.get("kind"), d.f64("radius", -1.0)),
+            (KIND, Some(&json!([2])), Some(&json!("round")), 0.0)
+        );
+        let texts = shown(&mut app);
+        for s in ["Corners", "Corner:", "Round", "Inverted Round", "Chamfer", "Radius:"] {
+            assert!(texts.iter().any(|t| t == s), "{s} in {texts:?}");
+        }
+        let d = app.ui.dialog.as_mut().unwrap();
+        d.fields.insert("kind".into(), json!("chamfer"));
+        d.fields.insert("radius".into(), json!(12));
+        super::super::confirm(&mut app).unwrap();
+        assert!(app.ui.dialog.is_none());
+        assert_eq!(corners(&app, id), ([0.0, 0.0, 12.0, 0.0], [CornerKind::Round, CornerKind::Round, CornerKind::Chamfer, CornerKind::Round]));
+        // The panels' radius field shows the selected corner's radius, blank for the whole
+        // shape (its corners differ).
+        assert_eq!(panel_radius(&app, id), Some(12.0));
+        app.run("select.set", json!({"ids": [id]})).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(panel_radius(&app, id), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn ui_corners_opens_on_the_selection_and_leaves_mixed_values_alone() {
+        let (mut app, id) = app();
+        app.run("object.setLiveShape", json!({"corners": [0], "radius": 5, "kind": "invertedRound"})).unwrap();
+        app.run("ui.corners", json!({})).unwrap();
+        let d = app.ui.dialog.clone().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(d.fields.get("corners"), Some(&json!([0, 1, 2, 3])));
+        assert!(d.fields.get("kind").is_none() && d.fields.get("radius").is_none(), "mixed: {d:?}");
+        let before = corners(&app, id);
+        super::super::confirm(&mut app).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(corners(&app, id), before);
+        // A radius for all four keeps their kinds.
+        app.run("ui.corners", json!({"id": id})).unwrap();
+        app.ui.dialog.as_mut().unwrap().fields.insert("radius".into(), json!("3 pt"));
+        super::super::confirm(&mut app).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(corners(&app, id), ([3.0; 4], before.1));
+        // Only live rectangles, and only real corners.
+        assert!(app.run("ui.corners", json!({"id": 9999})).is_err());
+        assert!(app.run("ui.corners", json!({"corners": [7]})).is_err());
+    }
+}

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/mod.rs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ pub mod color_guide_options;
 mod color_picker;
 mod command;
 pub mod confirm;
+pub mod corners;
 mod document_setup;
 pub mod dxf_import;
 pub mod dxf_options;
@@ -230,6 +231,7 @@ registry! {
     SpotColors: [spot_colors::KIND] => spot_colors::SPEC,
     TransformEach: [transform_each::KIND] => transform_each::SPEC,
     WidthPoint: [width_point::KIND] => width_point::SPEC,
+    Corners: [corners::KIND] => corners::SPEC,
     SavePdf: [save_pdf::KIND] => save_pdf::SPEC,
     SvgOptions: [svg_options::KIND] => svg_options::SPEC,
     NewDocumentMore: [new_document::MORE] => new_document::MORE_SPEC,

crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs/tools.rs

@@ -70,6 +70,13 @@ pub fn open_tool_dialog(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, kind: &str, p: Value) {
             }
             return;
         }
+        // Double-clicking a Live Corners widget: Corners.
+        super::corners::KIND => {
+            if let Err(e) = super::corners::open(app, &p) {
+                app.status(e);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
         // Double-clicking a slice with the Slice Selection tool: Slice Options.
         super::slices::OPTIONS => {
             if let Err(e) = super::slices::open_options(app) {

crates/ui-egui/src/font_menu.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 //! only those. Preferences › Type › Enable in-menu font previews and Font Preview Size turn the
 //! samples off or size the rows.
 
-use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
@@ -480,7 +479,7 @@ impl Samples {
 }
 
 thread_local! {
-    static SAMPLES: RefCell<Samples> = RefCell::new(Samples::default());
+    static SAMPLES: crate::graphics::TexCache<Samples> = crate::graphics::TexCache::default();
 }
 
 /// The sample of `family` for a row `height` points high: the selected text set in it (else a

crates/ui-egui/src/graphics.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+//! Losing the graphics device, and the textures uploaded to it (#369).
+//!
+//! A window can lose its graphics device: a driver reset or a GPU hang on the desktop, the browser
+//! dropping the page's WebGPU device or WebGL context. Everything uploaded to it is gone and
+//! nothing it draws reaches the screen any more, while the app itself goes on.
+//!
+//! - The host reports the loss through a [`GraphicsLoss`] (from wgpu's device-lost callback, the
+//!   canvas's `webglcontextlost` event), and the app keeps recovery copies of the modified
+//!   documents at once ([`VectorcraftApp::graphics_lost`]).
+//! - The web host then starts again with new graphics and a new egui context, handing it the same
+//!   app. The app notices the new context and makes everything it uploaded to the old one again:
+//!   its fonts and theme, the canvas, and every texture cache ([`TexCache`]).
+
+use std::cell::{Cell, Ref, RefCell, RefMut};
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering};
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+
+use crate::VectorcraftApp;
+
+/// Raised by the host when the window's graphics device is lost (from any thread), read on the UI
+/// thread. Cheap to clone; the clones share the report.
+#[derive(Clone, Default)]
+pub struct GraphicsLoss(Arc<Mutex<Option<String>>>);
+
+impl GraphicsLoss {
+    /// The graphics device was lost (`why`, for the log): the next frame of `ctx` handles it. A
+    /// second report before then adds nothing.
+    pub fn report(&self, ctx: &egui::Context, why: impl Into<String>) {
+        let why = why.into();
+        log::error!("vectorcraft: the graphics device was lost: {why}");
+        self.0.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).get_or_insert(why);
+        ctx.request_repaint();
+    }
+
+    /// The loss reported since the last call, if any.
+    pub fn take(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.0.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).take()
+    }
+}
+
+/// A number naming egui context `ctx`, the same every call and different from every other
+/// context's.
+pub(crate) fn context_tag(ctx: &egui::Context) -> u64 {
+    static NEXT: AtomicU64 = AtomicU64::new(1);
+    let id = egui::Id::new("vectorcraft-context-tag");
+    if let Some(tag) = ctx.data(|d| d.get_temp::<u64>(id)) {
+        return tag;
+    }
+    ctx.data_mut(|d| *d.get_temp_mut_or_insert_with(id, || NEXT.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed)))
+}
+
+thread_local! {
+    /// Bumped when the UI moves to a new egui context: [`TexCache`]s made before are emptied.
+    static EPOCH: Cell<u64> = const { Cell::new(0) };
+}
+
+/// The UI moved to a new egui context: every [`TexCache`] of this thread empties at its next use.
+pub(crate) fn forget_textures() {
+    EPOCH.with(|e| e.set(e.get().wrapping_add(1)));
+}
+
+/// A per-thread cache holding textures (thumbnails, previews, samples). Textures belong to the
+/// egui context they were uploaded to, so the cache goes back to `T::default()` when the UI moves
+/// to another one ([`forget_textures`]). Used like the `RefCell` it wraps.
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub(crate) struct TexCache<T> {
+    epoch: Cell<u64>,
+    value: RefCell<T>,
+}
+
+impl<T: Default> TexCache<T> {
+    /// Empty the cache if it was filled for another context.
+    fn refresh(&self) {
+        let now = EPOCH.with(Cell::get);
+        if self.epoch.replace(now) != now {
+            *self.value.borrow_mut() = T::default();
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn borrow(&self) -> Ref<'_, T> {
+        self.refresh();
+        self.value.borrow()
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn borrow_mut(&self) -> RefMut<'_, T> {
+        self.refresh();
+        self.value.borrow_mut()
+    }
+}
+
+impl VectorcraftApp {
+    /// The window's graphics device was lost (`why`, from [`GraphicsLoss::take`]): recovery copies
+    /// of the modified documents are written now, since the window may never draw again (even
+    /// with Data Recovery turned off: they go when the documents are saved or closed) → whether
+    /// every modified document has an up-to-date copy (none modified counts).
+    pub fn graphics_lost(&mut self, why: &str) -> bool {
+        if let Err(e) = self.session.execute("file.recovery.save", &serde_json::json!({})) {
+            log::warn!("vectorcraft: no recovery copies after losing the graphics ({why}): {e}");
+        }
+        self.session.documents().iter().filter(|st| st.is_dirty()).all(|st| st.recovery.as_ref().is_some_and(|c| Arc::ptr_eq(&c.doc, &st.doc)))
+    }
+
+    /// Textures live in one egui context. When the host hands the app a new one (it started again
+    /// after losing its graphics), everything uploaded to the old one is made again: the fonts and
+    /// theme, the canvas, the place cursor's thumbnails and every [`TexCache`].
+    pub(crate) fn adopt_context(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context) {
+        let tag = context_tag(ctx);
+        if self.context == tag {
+            return;
+        }
+        if self.context != 0 {
+            log::info!("vectorcraft: new graphics context: uploading the UI again");
+            forget_textures();
+            self.styled = false;
+            self.fonts_ready = false;
+            self.ui_fonts = Default::default();
+            self.canvas.texture = None;
+            self.canvas.key = None;
+            self.place.forget_textures();
+        }
+        self.context = tag;
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use std::sync::Arc;
+
+    use serde_json::json;
+    use vectorcraft_engine::Session;
+    use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery::{MemoryStore, RecoveryStore};
+
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::Services;
+
+    /// One headless frame of the whole window (800×600) in `ctx`.
+    fn frame(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
+        let raw = egui::RawInput { screen_rect: Some(egui::Rect::from_min_size(egui::Pos2::ZERO, egui::vec2(800.0, 600.0))), ..Default::default() };
+        let mut out = ctx.run_ui(raw, |ui| {
+            app.logic(ui.ctx());
+            app.ui(ui);
+        });
+        out.textures_delta.clear();
+    }
+
+    /// The name of texture `id` in `ctx`, if `ctx` has it.
+    fn texture_name(ctx: &egui::Context, id: egui::TextureId) -> Option<String> {
+        ctx.tex_manager().read().meta(id).map(|m| m.name.clone())
+    }
+
+    fn app() -> VectorcraftApp {
+        let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), Services::default());
+        app.run("file.new", json!({"width": 200, "height": 100})).unwrap();
+        app.run("shape.rectangle", json!({"x": 10, "y": 10, "width": 50, "height": 20})).unwrap();
+        app
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_loss_is_reported_once_from_any_thread() {
+        let (loss, ctx) = (GraphicsLoss::default(), egui::Context::default());
+        let (l, c) = (loss.clone(), ctx.clone());
+        std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            l.report(&c, "Unknown: driver reset");
+            l.report(&c, "Destroyed");
+        })
+        .join()
+        .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(loss.take().as_deref(), Some("Unknown: driver reset"), "the first report wins");
+        assert_eq!(loss.take(), None, "handled once");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_tex_cache_empties_when_the_ui_moves_to_a_new_context() {
+        thread_local! {
+            static CACHE: TexCache<Vec<u32>> = TexCache::default();
+        }
+        CACHE.with(|c| c.borrow_mut().push(7));
+        assert_eq!(CACHE.with(|c| c.borrow().clone()), [7]);
+        forget_textures();
+        assert!(CACHE.with(|c| c.borrow().is_empty()), "emptied for the new context");
+        CACHE.with(|c| c.borrow_mut().push(8));
+        assert_eq!(CACHE.with(|c| c.borrow().clone()), [8], "and filled again");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn the_app_uploads_everything_again_in_a_new_context() {
+        let mut app = app();
+        let old = egui::Context::default();
+        // Fonts, then the canvas.
+        for _ in 0..3 {
+            frame(&mut app, &old);
+        }
+        let canvas = app.canvas.texture.as_ref().map(egui::TextureHandle::id).expect("the canvas is drawn");
+        assert_eq!(texture_name(&old, canvas).as_deref(), Some("canvas"));
+        let preview = |ctx: &egui::Context| {
+            let mut tex = None;
+            ctx.run_ui(Default::default(), |ui| {
+                tex = crate::widgets::doc_preview(ui, "loss", egui::vec2(8.0, 8.0), |w, h| Some(vectorcraft_doc::Document::new(w, h)))
+            })
+            .textures_delta
+            .clear();
+            tex.expect("a preview").id()
+        };
+        assert_eq!(texture_name(&old, preview(&old)).as_deref(), Some("preview-8x8@1:loss"));
+
+        // The host lost its graphics and started again: same app, new context.
+        let new = egui::Context::default();
+        for _ in 0..3 {
+            frame(&mut app, &new);
+        }
+        let canvas = app.canvas.texture.as_ref().map(egui::TextureHandle::id).expect("the canvas is drawn again");
+        assert_eq!(texture_name(&new, canvas).as_deref(), Some("canvas"), "uploaded to the new context");
+        assert_eq!(texture_name(&new, preview(&new)).as_deref(), Some("preview-8x8@1:loss"), "cached previews are made again");
+        assert_eq!(new.global_style().visuals.panel_fill, old.global_style().visuals.panel_fill, "the theme is applied again");
+        assert!(new.fonts(|f| f.definitions().font_data.contains_key("SourceSans3")), "and the fonts installed");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn losing_the_graphics_keeps_recovery_copies_at_once() {
+        let store = Arc::new(MemoryStore::default());
+        let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), Services { recovery_store: Some(store.clone()), ..Default::default() });
+        assert!(app.graphics_lost("test"), "nothing modified: nothing to lose");
+        app.run("file.new", json!({"width": 200, "height": 100})).unwrap();
+        app.run("shape.rectangle", json!({"x": 10, "y": 10, "width": 50, "height": 20})).unwrap();
+        app.session.prefs.autosave_recovery = false;
+        assert!(app.graphics_lost("test"), "copied even with Data Recovery off");
+        assert_eq!(store.list().unwrap().iter().filter(|n| n.ends_with(".vectorcraft")).count(), 1);
+        // Without a store the work isn't safe.
+        assert!(!self::app().graphics_lost("test"));
+    }
+}

crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/es.tsv

@@ -466,6 +466,11 @@
 	Corner Radius:	Radio de esquina:
 	Corner:	Esquina:
 	Corners	Esquinas
+	Chamfer	Chaflán
+	Corners…	Esquinas…
+	Inverted Round	Redondeada invertida
+	Radius:	Radio:
+	Round	Redondeada
 	Couldn't copy to the system clipboard: {e}	No se pudo copiar al portapapeles del sistema: {e}
 	Couldn't paste from the clipboard: {e}	No se pudo pegar desde el portapapeles: {e}
 	Couldn't save recovery data: {e}	No se pudieron guardar los datos de recuperación: {e}
@@ -2953,3 +2958,7 @@
 	  — {n} characters from another font	  — {n} caracteres de otra fuente
 	[Normal Character Style]	[Estilo de carácter normal]
 	[Normal Paragraph Style]	[Estilo de párrafo normal]
+
+# Leading model (Paragraph panel menu, East Asian options).
+	Top-to-Top Leading	Interlineado de superior a superior
+	Bottom-to-Bottom Leading	Interlineado de inferior a inferior

crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/ja.tsv

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 	About VectorCraft	VectorCraft について
 	All Scripts	すべての文字
 	Any Kind	すべての種類
+	Bottom-to-Bottom Leading	欧文ベースライン基準の行送り
 	Decorative	装飾
 	Favorites	お気に入り
 	Japanese	日本語
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@
 	Serif / Mincho	明朝・セリフ
 	Settings…	環境設定…
 	Language	表示言語
+	Top-to-Top Leading	仮想ボディの上基準の行送り
 	UI Brightness	UI の明るさ
 	Dark	暗い
 	Medium Dark	やや暗い
@@ -938,6 +940,11 @@
 	Corner Radius:	角丸の半径:
 	Corner:	角の形状:
 	Corners	コーナー
+	Round	丸型
+	Radius:	半径:
+	Inverted Round	反転した丸型
+	Corners…	コーナー…
+	Chamfer	面取り
 	Create Clipping Mask	クリッピングマスクを作成
 	Create Document	ドキュメントを作成
 	Create From:	作成元:

crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/pt-br.tsv

@@ -322,6 +322,7 @@
 	Cascade	Em Cascata
 	Center Artwork	Centralizar Arte
 	Centimeters	Centímetros
+	Chamfer	Chanfro
 	Change	Alterar
 	Change All	Alterar Tudo
 	Change Case	Alterar Maiúsculas/Minúsculas
@@ -477,6 +478,7 @@
 	Corner Radius:	Raio do Canto:
 	Corner:	Canto:
 	Corners	Cantos
+	Corners…	Cantos…
 	Create	Criar
 	Create Clipping Mask	Criar Máscara de Recorte
 	Create Document	Criar Documento
@@ -1085,6 +1087,7 @@
 	Invert	Inverter
 	Invert Colors	Inverter Cores
 	Invert Mask	Inverter Máscara
+	Inverted Round	Arredondado Invertido
 	Isolate	Isolar
 	Isolate Blending	Isolar Mesclagem
 	Isolate Group	Isolar Grupo
@@ -1703,6 +1706,7 @@
 	Radial	Radial
 	Radial Glows	Brilhos Radiais
 	Radial Gradient	Gradiente Radial
+	Radius:	Raio:
 	Rainbow	Arco-íris
 	Random	Aleatório
 	Randomize Colors	Randomizar Cores
@@ -1871,6 +1875,7 @@
 	Rotate…	Girar…
 	Rotation	Rotação
 	Roughen…	Enrugar…
+	Round	Arredondado
 	Round Cap	Extremidade Redonda
 	Round Corners…	Cantos Arredondados…
 	Round Join	Junção Redonda

crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/zh-hans.tsv

@@ -243,6 +243,7 @@
 	Blur	模糊
 	Bottom	下
 	Bottom in Front	下方置前
+	Bottom-to-Bottom Leading	基线至基线行距
 	Bottom:	下：
 	Bounds	边界
 	Bounds (Fill Proportionally)	边界 (按比例填满)
@@ -466,6 +467,10 @@
 	Corner Radius:	圆角半径：
 	Corner:	转角：
 	Corners	转角
+	Round	圆角
+	Inverted Round	反向圆角
+	Corners…	转角…
+	Chamfer	倒角
 	Couldn't copy to the system clipboard: {e}	无法复制到系统剪贴板：{e}
 	Couldn't paste from the clipboard: {e}	无法从剪贴板粘贴：{e}
 	Couldn't save recovery data: {e}	无法存储恢复数据：{e}
@@ -2567,6 +2572,7 @@
 	Tools	工具
 	Top	上
 	Top in Front	上方在前
+	Top-to-Top Leading	上缘至上缘行距
 	Top:	上：
 	Total Width:	总宽度：
 	Touch Type Tool	修饰文字工具

crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/zh-hant.tsv

@@ -254,6 +254,7 @@
 	Blur	模糊
 	Bottom	下
 	Bottom in Front	下方置前
+	Bottom-to-Bottom Leading	基線至基線行距
 	Bottom:	下：
 	Bounds	邊界
 	Bounds (Fill Proportionally)	邊界 (按比例填滿)
@@ -479,6 +480,11 @@
 	Corner Radius:	圓角半徑：
 	Corner:	轉角：
 	Corners	轉角
+	Round	圓角
+	Radius:	半徑：
+	Inverted Round	反向圓角
+	Corners…	轉角…
+	Chamfer	倒角
 	Couldn't copy to the system clipboard: {e}	無法複製到系統剪貼簿：{e}
 	Couldn't paste from the clipboard: {e}	無法從剪貼簿貼上：{e}
 	Couldn't save recovery data: {e}	無法儲存復原資料：{e}
@@ -2647,6 +2653,7 @@
 	Tools	工具
 	Top	上
 	Top in Front	上方在前
+	Top-to-Top Leading	上緣至上緣行距
 	Top:	上：
 	Total Width:	總寬度：
 	Touch Type Tool	觸控文字工具

crates/ui-egui/src/lib.rs

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ pub mod dialogs;
 pub mod dock;
 pub mod find_font;
 pub mod font_menu;
+pub mod graphics;
 pub mod i18n;
 pub mod icon_data;
 pub mod icons;
@@ -280,6 +281,9 @@ pub struct VectorcraftApp {
     pub synthetic: Vec<egui::Event>,
     styled: bool,
     fonts_ready: bool,
+    /// The egui context the UI's textures were uploaded to (0: none yet; see
+    /// [`Self::adopt_context`]).
+    context: u64,
     /// Installed fonts added to the UI's for characters its own fonts lack (CJK names…).
     ui_fonts: ui_fonts::UiFonts,
     frame: u64,
@@ -369,6 +373,7 @@ impl VectorcraftApp {
             synthetic: vec![],
             styled: false,
             fonts_ready: false,
+            context: 0,
             ui_fonts: Default::default(),
             frame: 0,
             last_time: 0.0,
@@ -689,6 +694,7 @@ impl VectorcraftApp {
 
     fn logic_frame(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context) {
         i18n::set_current(self.ui_language());
+        self.adopt_context(ctx);
         if !self.styled {
             theme::install_fonts(ctx);
             theme::apply(ctx, self.ui.brightness);

crates/ui-egui/src/menus.rs

@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ pub const UI_COMMANDS: &[(&str, &str, &str, &str)] = &[
         "tool.options",
         "Tool Options…",
         "",
-        "{tool: id} what double-clicking a tool button opens: hand → fits the artboard in the window (view.fitArtboard), zoom → 100% (view.actualSize), rotate|scale|reflect|shear → that Object › Transform dialog (dialog `rotate`, `scale`, `reflect` or `shear`; error `nothing selected` without a selection), gradient → the Gradient panel (window.panel), eyedropper → Eyedropper Options (dialog `eyedropperOptions`, fields sampleSize, pickUp, apply; OK runs eyedropper.setOptions), printTiling → resets the print tiling (print.tiling.set {reset: true}), warp|twirl|pucker|bloat|scallop|crystallize|wrinkle → that tool's Tool Options (dialog `liquifyOptions`, fields tool, width, height, angle, intensity %, usePressure, detail, simplify, simplifyOn, rate, complexity, horizontal %, vertical %, affectAnchors, affectIn, affectOut, showBrush; OK runs tool.setOption {tool, values})",
+        "{tool: id} what double-clicking a tool button opens: hand → fits the artboard in the window (view.fitArtboard), zoom → 100% (view.actualSize), rotate|scale|reflect|shear → that Object › Transform dialog (dialog `rotate`, `scale`, `reflect` or `shear`; error `nothing selected` without a selection), selection|directSelection|groupSelection → the Move dialog (dialog `move`; the same error), gradient → the Gradient panel (window.panel), eyedropper → Eyedropper Options (dialog `eyedropperOptions`, fields sampleSize, pickUp, apply; OK runs eyedropper.setOptions), printTiling → resets the print tiling (print.tiling.set {reset: true}), warp|twirl|pucker|bloat|scallop|crystallize|wrinkle → that tool's Tool Options (dialog `liquifyOptions`, fields tool, width, height, angle, intensity %, usePressure, detail, simplify, simplifyOn, rate, complexity, horizontal %, vertical %, affectAnchors, affectIn, affectOut, showBrush; OK runs tool.setOption {tool, values})",
     ),
     (
         "ui.colorGuideOptions",
@@ -441,6 +441,12 @@ pub const UI_COMMANDS: &[(&str, &str, &str, &str)] = &[
         "",
         "{id, index} open Width Point Edit for width point `index` of path `id` (dialog `widthPoint`: side1, side2 (pt), linked, adjustAdjoining; double-clicking a width point with the Width tool opens it too): OK runs stroke.widthPoint.set, discard: true (the Delete button) stroke.widthPoint.remove",
     ),
+    (
+        "ui.corners",
+        "Corners…",
+        "",
+        "{id?, corners?: [0..3…]} open Corners for live rectangle `id` (default: the selected one) and its corners (0 top-left, 1 top-right, 2 bottom-right, 3 bottom-left; default: the Direct-Selected corners, else all four) (dialog `corners`: kind (round|invertedRound|chamfer), radius (pt); double-clicking a corner widget opens it too): OK runs object.setLiveShape",
+    ),
     (
         "ui.colorGuideLimit",
         "Limit Color Guide to Library",
@@ -1126,6 +1132,7 @@ pub fn run_ui_command(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, id: &str, p: &Value) -> Option<R
             },
         },
         "ui.widthPointEdit" => crate::dialogs::width_point::open(app, p),
+        "ui.corners" => crate::dialogs::corners::open(app, p),
         "ui.colorGuideLimit" => crate::panels::color_guide::set_limit(app, p),
         "ui.savePdfDialog" => crate::dialogs::open_save_pdf(app, p),
         "file.exportAs" if s("path").is_none() => {

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/asset_export.rs

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ pub(crate) fn paint_thumb(ui: &Ui, st: &DocState, a: &ExportAsset, r: Rect) {
         static RENDERER: RefCell<vectorcraft_render::Renderer> = RefCell::new(vectorcraft_render::Renderer::new());
         /// The addresses of each asset's objects in one document revision (no tree walks per frame).
         static KEYS: RefCell<(Revision, HashMap<u64, Look>)> = RefCell::new(Default::default());
-        static CACHE: RefCell<HashMap<(Look, u32), egui::TextureHandle>> = RefCell::new(HashMap::new());
+        static CACHE: crate::graphics::TexCache<HashMap<(Look, u32), egui::TextureHandle>> = crate::graphics::TexCache::default();
     }
     ui.painter().rect_filled(r, 0.0, Color32::WHITE);
     if !ui.is_rect_visible(r) {

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/flattener_preview.rs

@@ -116,6 +116,12 @@ struct Cache {
     view: View,
     generation: u64,
     renderer: Option<vectorcraft_render::Renderer>,
+    drawn: crate::graphics::TexCache<Drawn>,
+}
+
+/// The preview as drawn: for what, and its texture.
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct Drawn {
     key: Option<Key>,
     tex: Option<egui::TextureHandle>,
 }
@@ -268,8 +274,10 @@ fn preview_area(ui: &mut Ui, t: &Tokens, h: Highlight, overprints: Overprints) {
     let ppp = ui.ctx().pixels_per_point();
     CACHE.with(|c| {
         let mut c = c.borrow_mut();
-        let Cache { shot, view, renderer, key, tex, .. } = &mut *c;
+        let Cache { shot, view, renderer, drawn, .. } = &mut *c;
         let Some(shot) = shot.as_ref() else { return };
+        let mut drawn = drawn.borrow_mut();
+        let Drawn { key, tex } = &mut *drawn;
         let visible = view.visible(shot.fit);
         if resp.double_clicked() {
             *view = View::default();
@@ -420,7 +428,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut app = app();
         frame(&mut app);
         assert!(CACHE.with(|c| c.borrow().shot.is_some()), "a first look refreshes");
-        assert!(CACHE.with(|c| c.borrow().tex.is_some()), "the preview is drawn");
+        assert!(CACHE.with(|c| c.borrow().drawn.borrow().tex.is_some()), "the preview is drawn");
         let v = command(&mut app, &json!({"highlight": "allAffected"})).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(v["counts"]["allAffected"], 2);
         assert_eq!(app.ui.open_panel.as_deref(), Some(ID));

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/glyphs.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 //! outlines. Double-click inserts the character at the Type tool's caret (or appends it to the
 //! selected text objects).
 
-use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 use egui::{Color32, Sense, Ui, vec2};
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ const SUBSETS: [(&str, u32, u32); 7] = [
 ];
 
 thread_local! {
-    static TEX: RefCell<HashMap<(u32, u32, u32), egui::TextureHandle>> = RefCell::new(HashMap::new());
+    static TEX: crate::graphics::TexCache<HashMap<(u32, u32, u32), egui::TextureHandle>> = crate::graphics::TexCache::default();
 }
 
 /// Antialiased coverage mask (nonzero winding) of `path` in a `w`×`h` pixel grid.

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/graphic_styles.rs

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ const UV: Rect = Rect::from_min_max(pos2(0.0, 0.0), pos2(1.0, 1.0));
 thread_local! {
     static RENDERER: RefCell<vectorcraft_render::Renderer> = RefCell::new(vectorcraft_render::Renderer::new());
     /// Thumbnails by (look hash, pixels, preview shape, Override Character Color on type).
-    static THUMBS: RefCell<HashMap<(u64, u32, Preview, bool), TextureHandle>> = RefCell::new(HashMap::new());
+    static THUMBS: crate::graphics::TexCache<HashMap<(u64, u32, Preview, bool), TextureHandle>> = crate::graphics::TexCache::default();
 }
 
 // ---------- thumbnails ----------

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/layers.rs

@@ -714,7 +714,7 @@ pub(crate) fn real_thumb(ui: &Ui, doc: &vectorcraft_doc::Document, n: &Node, r:
     use std::collections::HashMap;
     thread_local! {
         static RENDERER: RefCell<vectorcraft_render::Renderer> = RefCell::new(vectorcraft_render::Renderer::new());
-        static CACHE: RefCell<HashMap<(usize, u64), egui::TextureHandle>> = RefCell::new(HashMap::new());
+        static CACHE: crate::graphics::TexCache<HashMap<(usize, u64), egui::TextureHandle>> = crate::graphics::TexCache::default();
     }
     if !ui.is_rect_visible(r) {
         return true;

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ pub mod transparency;
 use egui::{Rect, Sense, Ui, vec2};
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 use vectorcraft_color::{BlendMode, Color, Paint};
-use vectorcraft_doc::{Node, StrokeLayer};
+use vectorcraft_doc::{LiveShape, Node, StrokeLayer};
 use vectorcraft_engine::inspect::StrokeMixed;
 
 use crate::theme::Tokens;
@@ -57,6 +57,13 @@ pub fn first_selected(app: &VectorcraftApp) -> Option<Node> {
     first_node(app).cloned()
 }
 
+/// The radius the Live Corners of live rectangle `n` show in the panels: that of the corners the
+/// panels set (the Direct-Selected ones, else all four), blank when they differ.
+pub(crate) fn corner_radius(app: &VectorcraftApp, n: &Node, live: &LiveShape) -> Option<f64> {
+    let partial = app.session.active().and_then(|d| d.selection.partial(n.id));
+    live.corner_style(live.picked_corners(partial)).0
+}
+
 /// Number of selected objects.
 pub(crate) fn selection_len(app: &VectorcraftApp) -> usize {
     app.session.active().map(|d| d.selection.len()).unwrap_or(0)

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/navigator.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 //! document revision) with the red view box you drag to pan, zoom out/in buttons, a zoom slider
 //! and a zoom field.
 
-use std::cell::RefCell;
-
 use egui::{Color32, Rect, Sense, Stroke, StrokeKind, Ui, pos2, vec2};
 use serde_json::json;
 use vectorcraft_geom::{Point, Rect as DRect};
@@ -13,6 +11,7 @@ use crate::VectorcraftApp;
 use crate::theme::Tokens;
 use crate::widgets::{self, menu_item};
 
+#[derive(Default)]
 struct Cache {
     renderer: Option<vectorcraft_render::Renderer>,
     key: Option<(usize, u64, u32, u32, bool)>,
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ struct Cache {
 }
 
 thread_local! {
-    static CACHE: RefCell<Cache> = const { RefCell::new(Cache { renderer: None, key: None, tex: None }) };
+    static CACHE: crate::graphics::TexCache<Cache> = crate::graphics::TexCache::default();
 }
 
 /// Map a document point into the thumbnail rect (region → rect, aspect preserved).

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/paragraph.rs

@@ -140,7 +140,8 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 }
 
 pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
-    let has = text_style(app).is_some();
+    let style = text_style(app);
+    let has = style.is_some();
     let hidden: bool = pstate(ui.ctx(), "pa-hide-options");
     if menu_item(ui, if hidden { tl!("Show Options") } else { tl!("Hide Options") }, true, false) {
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "pa-hide-options", !hidden);
@@ -149,6 +150,18 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     for l in [tl!("Roman Hanging Punctuation"), tl!("Justification…"), tl!("Hyphenation…")] {
         menu_item(ui, l, false, false);
     }
+    // How leading is measured (Japanese layout measures it from em box top to em box top), with
+    // the East Asian options.
+    if app.session.prefs.show_east_asian_options {
+        ui.separator();
+        let top_to_top = style.as_ref().is_some_and(|(_, p)| p.leading_model == vectorcraft_doc::LeadingModel::EmBoxTop);
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Top-to-Top Leading"), has, top_to_top) {
+            format(app, json!({"leadingModel": "emBoxTop"}));
+        }
+        if menu_item(ui, tl!("Bottom-to-Bottom Leading"), has, has && !top_to_top) {
+            format(app, json!({"leadingModel": "romanBaseline"}));
+        }
+    }
     ui.separator();
     menu_item(ui, tl!("Single-line Composer"), false, false);
     menu_item(ui, tl!("Every-line Composer"), false, true);
@@ -157,7 +170,7 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         para_cmd(app, "text.setStyle", json!({"justify": "auto"}));
         format(
             app,
-            json!({"leftIndent": 0, "rightIndent": 0, "firstLineIndent": 0, "spaceBefore": 0, "spaceAfter": 0, "hyphenate": false, "direction": "auto"}),
+            json!({"leftIndent": 0, "rightIndent": 0, "firstLineIndent": 0, "spaceBefore": 0, "spaceAfter": 0, "hyphenate": false, "direction": "auto", "leadingModel": "romanBaseline"}),
         );
     }
 }

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/properties.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use egui::Ui;
 use serde_json::json;
 use vectorcraft_doc::{NodeKind, Unit};
 
-use super::{first_selected, pstate, set_pstate};
+use super::{corner_radius, first_selected, pstate, set_pstate};
 use crate::theme::Tokens;
 use crate::widgets::{self, dim_label, divider, section_header};
 use crate::{VectorcraftApp, icons};
@@ -317,10 +317,10 @@ pub fn transform_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         && let NodeKind::Path { live: Some(live), .. } = &n.kind
     {
         match live {
-            vectorcraft_doc::LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, .. } => {
+            vectorcraft_doc::LiveShape::Rectangle { .. } => {
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                     dim_label(ui, tl!("Corner Radius:"));
-                    if let Some(r) = widgets::num_field(ui, "radius", Some(radii[0]), units, 80.0) {
+                    if let Some(r) = widgets::num_field(ui, "radius", corner_radius(app, &n, live), units, 80.0) {
                         app.run("object.setLiveShape", json!({"radius": r})).ok();
                     }
                 });

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/swatches.rs

@@ -169,11 +169,10 @@ fn apply(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &Ui, e: &Entry) {
 
 /// A pattern swatch drawn as a rendered tile (cached by the definition's identity and size).
 fn pattern_thumb(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &Ui, r: Rect, paint: &Paint) {
-    use std::cell::RefCell;
     use std::collections::HashMap;
     type Key = (String, Vec<usize>, String, u32);
     thread_local! {
-        static CACHE: RefCell<HashMap<Key, Option<egui::TextureHandle>>> = RefCell::new(HashMap::new());
+        static CACHE: crate::graphics::TexCache<HashMap<Key, Option<egui::TextureHandle>>> = crate::graphics::TexCache::default();
     }
     let Paint::Pattern { pattern, .. } = paint else { return };
     let Some(st) = app.session.active() else { return };

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/symbols.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ use crate::widgets::{self, PanelDrag, menu_item};
 fn thumb(ui: &Ui, doc: &Document, name: &str, size: f32) -> Option<egui::TextureHandle> {
     thread_local! {
         static RENDERER: RefCell<vectorcraft_render::Renderer> = RefCell::new(vectorcraft_render::Renderer::new());
-        static CACHE: RefCell<HashMap<(usize, String, u32), egui::TextureHandle>> = RefCell::new(HashMap::new());
+        static CACHE: crate::graphics::TexCache<HashMap<(usize, String, u32), egui::TextureHandle>> = crate::graphics::TexCache::default();
     }
     let sym = doc.symbols.iter().find(|s| s.name == name)?;
     let px = (size * ui.ctx().pixels_per_point()).round().max(8.0) as u32;

crates/ui-egui/src/panels/transform.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use serde_json::json;
 use vectorcraft_doc::NodeKind;
 use vectorcraft_geom::Rect;
 
-use super::{first_selected, pstate, set_pstate};
+use super::{corner_radius, first_selected, pstate, set_pstate};
 use crate::theme::Tokens;
 use crate::widgets::{self, menu_item};
 use crate::{VectorcraftApp, icons};
@@ -170,11 +170,11 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     {
         widgets::divider(ui);
         match live {
-            vectorcraft_doc::LiveShape::Rectangle { radii, .. } => {
+            vectorcraft_doc::LiveShape::Rectangle { .. } => {
                 widgets::subheader(ui, tl!("Rectangle Properties:"));
                 ui.horizontal(|ui| {
                     widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("Corner Radius:"));
-                    if let Some(r) = widgets::num_field(ui, "xfp-radius", Some(radii[0]), units, 80.0) {
+                    if let Some(r) = widgets::num_field(ui, "xfp-radius", corner_radius(app, &n, live), units, 80.0) {
                         app.run("object.setLiveShape", json!({"radius": r})).ok();
                     }
                 });

crates/ui-egui/src/place.rs

@@ -51,16 +51,26 @@ pub enum DropTarget {
 pub struct PlaceState {
     /// Web: the bytes of the files picked for the Place dialog, by name.
     picked: Vec<(String, Vec<u8>)>,
-    /// The loaded cursor's thumbnails by file name: decoded when the cursor is loaded, uploaded
-    /// when first drawn.
+    /// The loaded cursor's thumbnails by file name.
     thumbs: Vec<(String, Thumb)>,
     /// The Control bar's `image.info`, for (document uid, revision, image id).
     info: Option<((u64, u64, u64), Value)>,
 }
 
-enum Thumb {
-    Decoded(egui::ColorImage),
-    Uploaded(egui::TextureHandle),
+/// A place cursor thumbnail: decoded when the cursor is loaded, uploaded when first drawn (and
+/// again in a new graphics context).
+struct Thumb {
+    image: std::sync::Arc<egui::ColorImage>,
+    tex: Option<egui::TextureHandle>,
+}
+
+impl PlaceState {
+    /// The UI moved to a new egui context: the thumbnails are uploaded again when drawn.
+    pub(crate) fn forget_textures(&mut self) {
+        for (_, th) in &mut self.thumbs {
+            th.tex = None;
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 /// Run engine command `id` itself (past the UI's handling of the same id); an error shows in the
@@ -230,7 +240,7 @@ pub fn queue(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, p: &Value) -> Result<Value, String> {
             let png = vectorcraft_format::base64_decode(f["thumbnailBase64"].as_str()?)?;
             let img = image::load_from_memory_with_format(&png, image::ImageFormat::Png).ok()?.to_rgba8();
             let color = egui::ColorImage::from_rgba_unmultiplied([img.width() as usize, img.height() as usize], img.as_raw());
-            Some((f["name"].as_str()?.to_string(), Thumb::Decoded(color)))
+            Some((f["name"].as_str()?.to_string(), Thumb { image: std::sync::Arc::new(color), tex: None }))
         })
         .collect();
     Ok(r)
@@ -243,15 +253,10 @@ pub fn paint_cursor(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context, painter: &egu
     let name = opts["name"].as_str().unwrap_or_default();
     let t = Tokens::get(ctx);
     let tex = app.place.thumbs.iter_mut().find(|(n, _)| n == name).map(|(n, th)| {
-        if let Thumb::Decoded(img) = th {
-            *th = Thumb::Uploaded(ctx.load_texture(format!("place-thumb-{n}"), std::mem::take(img), egui::TextureOptions::LINEAR));
-        }
-        match th {
-            Thumb::Uploaded(tex) => Some((tex.id(), tex.size_vec2())),
-            Thumb::Decoded(_) => None,
-        }
+        let tex = th.tex.get_or_insert_with(|| ctx.load_texture(format!("place-thumb-{n}"), th.image.clone(), egui::TextureOptions::LINEAR));
+        (tex.id(), tex.size_vec2())
     });
-    let (id, size) = tex.flatten().unzip();
+    let (id, size) = tex.unzip();
     let size = size.unwrap_or(egui::vec2(THUMB as f32, THUMB as f32 * 0.75));
     let k = THUMB as f32 / size.x.max(size.y).max(1.0);
     let r = egui::Rect::from_min_size(pos + THUMB_OFFSET, size * k);

crates/ui-egui/src/recovery.rs

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@
 //! left copies behind (a crash). The copies themselves are the engine's
 //! ([`vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery`]).
 
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
-use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery;
+use vectorcraft_engine::cmd::recovery::{self, RecoveryStore};
 
 use crate::VectorcraftApp;
 use crate::background::{self, Writer};
@@ -36,7 +38,14 @@ pub fn frame(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, now: f64) -> Option<f64> {
     tick(app, now);
     if !(0.0..recovery::HEARTBEAT_EVERY).contains(&(now - app.recovery.beat)) {
         app.recovery.beat = now;
-        recovery::heartbeat(&app.session);
+        // Copies another app removed while this one's timers were paused (it took this one for
+        // gone) are written again at once.
+        let lost = recovery::heartbeat(&mut app.session);
+        if !lost.is_empty()
+            && let Some(store) = recovery::store(&app.session)
+        {
+            write(app, &store, |uid| lost.contains(&uid));
+        }
     }
     let interval = f64::from(app.session.prefs.autosave_interval.max(1)) * 60.0;
     let next = app.recovery.last.map(|t| t + interval - now)?;
@@ -77,10 +86,16 @@ pub fn tick(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, now: f64) -> usize {
             return 0;
         }
     }
+    write(app, &store, |_| true)
+}
+
+/// Start a recovery copy of every document that needs one and `pick` picks (by uid) → how many
+/// were started.
+fn write(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, store: &Arc<dyn RecoveryStore>, pick: impl Fn(u64) -> bool) -> usize {
     recovery::forget_clean(&mut app.session);
-    let jobs = match recovery::jobs(&mut app.session, &store) {
+    let jobs = match recovery::jobs(&mut app.session, store) {
         // A document whose save or last copy is still being written waits for the next round.
-        Ok((jobs, _)) => jobs.into_iter().filter(|j| !app.background.busy_with(j.uid)).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        Ok((jobs, _)) => jobs.into_iter().filter(|j| pick(j.uid) && !app.background.busy_with(j.uid)).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
         Err(e) => {
             app.status(format!("Couldn't save recovery data: {e}"));
             return 0;

crates/ui-egui/src/shortcuts.rs

@@ -211,7 +211,9 @@ pub fn handle(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
             // A key the tool claims (Esc with a loaded place cursor) is only the tool's.
             let claimed = app.session.tool_claims_key(tk, view);
             let r = app.session.tool_key(tk, Mods::default(), view);
-            if claimed {
+            // Enter also takes what the tool asks of the UI: Rotate, Scale, Reflect and Shear open
+            // their dialog with it.
+            if claimed || (k == Key::Enter && !busy) {
                 crate::canvas::apply_requests(app, r);
             }
             if k == Key::Escape && !busy && !claimed {
@@ -223,6 +225,19 @@ pub fn handle(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                     app.ui.flyout = None;
                 }
             }
+            if k == Key::Enter && !busy && !claimed {
+                // Enter with a selection tool opens the Move dialog, as a double-click on its button
+                // does.
+                let tool = app.session.tool_id();
+                if app.ui.dialog.is_none() && crate::canvas::is_selection_tool(tool) {
+                    // Nothing selected: it fails and nothing opens (the menu item is disabled then too).
+                    let _ = crate::toolbar::open_options(app, tool);
+                }
+                // The Enter that opened a dialog isn't also its OK: dialogs take Enter, this frame too.
+                if app.ui.dialog.is_some() {
+                    ctx.input_mut(|i| i.consume_key(Modifiers::NONE, Key::Enter));
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
     if typing {
@@ -526,6 +541,54 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(grid(&mut app, &[Key::ArrowLeft, Key::ArrowDown]), (rows, columns + 1));
     }
 
+    /// Enter opens the tool's dialog: the Move dialog for the selection tools, the tool's own for
+    /// Rotate, Scale, Reflect and Shear. The Enter that opens it isn't also its OK.
+    #[test]
+    fn enter_opens_the_tools_dialog_and_leaves_it_open() {
+        let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(vectorcraft_engine::Session::new(), Default::default());
+        app.session.execute("file.new", &json!({"width": 400, "height": 300})).unwrap();
+        let ctx = egui::Context::default();
+        let enter = || egui::Event::Key { key: Key::Enter, physical_key: None, pressed: true, repeat: false, modifiers: Modifiers::NONE };
+        // A whole app frame: the shortcuts first, then the UI, where a dialog takes its Enter.
+        let frame = |app: &mut VectorcraftApp, events: Vec<egui::Event>| {
+            let screen_rect = Some(egui::Rect::from_min_size(egui::Pos2::ZERO, egui::vec2(1280.0, 800.0)));
+            let mut out = ctx.run_ui(egui::RawInput { events, screen_rect, ..Default::default() }, |ui| {
+                app.logic(ui.ctx());
+                app.ui(ui);
+            });
+            out.textures_delta.clear();
+        };
+        let kind = |app: &VectorcraftApp| app.ui.dialog.as_ref().map(|d| d.kind.clone());
+        let steps = |app: &VectorcraftApp| app.session.active().unwrap().history.undo.len();
+        app.select_tool("selection");
+        frame(&mut app, vec![enter()]);
+        assert_eq!(kind(&app), None, "nothing is selected");
+        app.session.execute("shape.rectangle", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 10, "width": 50, "height": 30})).unwrap();
+        for (tool, dialog) in [
+            ("selection", "move"),
+            ("directSelection", "move"),
+            ("groupSelection", "move"),
+            ("rotate", "rotate"),
+            ("scale", "scale"),
+            ("reflect", "reflect"),
+            ("shear", "shear"),
+        ] {
+            app.select_tool(tool);
+            let before = steps(&app);
+            frame(&mut app, vec![enter()]);
+            assert_eq!(kind(&app).as_deref(), Some(dialog), "{tool}: Enter opens it");
+            frame(&mut app, vec![]);
+            assert_eq!(kind(&app).as_deref(), Some(dialog), "{tool}: and it stays open");
+            assert_eq!(steps(&app), before, "{tool}: the Enter that opened it didn't confirm it");
+            // The next Enter is its OK.
+            frame(&mut app, vec![enter()]);
+            assert_eq!((kind(&app), steps(&app)), (None, before + 1), "{tool}: Enter confirms");
+        }
+        app.select_tool("rectangle");
+        frame(&mut app, vec![enter()]);
+        assert_eq!(kind(&app), None, "another tool has its own Enter");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn comma_and_period_reapply_the_last_colour_and_gradient() {
         let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(vectorcraft_engine::Session::new(), Default::default());

crates/ui-egui/src/tests_recovery.rs

@@ -176,3 +176,25 @@ fn the_timer_asks_for_frames_while_idle() {
     app.session.prefs.autosave_recovery = false;
     assert!(recovery::frame(&mut app, 1.0).is_none());
 }
+
+/// Issue #367: a tab whose timers were paused (in the background) long enough for another tab to
+/// take it for gone and discard its copy writes the copy again on its first heartbeat after it
+/// resumes, even with the timer off (the copy was written by hand).
+#[test]
+fn a_resumed_tab_writes_again_the_copies_another_tab_discarded() {
+    let store = Arc::new(MemoryStore::without_locks());
+    let mut a = app_with(&store, Services::default());
+    a.session.prefs.autosave_recovery = false;
+    a.run("file.recovery.save", json!({})).unwrap();
+    recovery::frame(&mut a, 0.0);
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 400);
+    let mut b = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), Services { recovery_store: Some(store.clone()), ..Default::default() });
+    b.run("file.recovery.discard", json!({})).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(copies(&store), 0);
+    store.set_now(1_000_000 + 410);
+    recovery::frame(&mut a, 30.0);
+    assert_eq!(copies(&store), 0, "the store is looked at with the heartbeat, not every frame");
+    recovery::frame(&mut a, 410.0);
+    assert_eq!(copies(&store), 1);
+    assert_eq!(a.ui.status, "Saved recovery data for Untitled-1");
+}

crates/ui-egui/src/tests_sysclip.rs

@@ -95,9 +95,13 @@ pub(super) fn blue_png() -> Vec<u8> {
     png
 }
 
-/// One headless frame of app logic (shortcuts too, from the second frame on) delivering `events`.
+/// One headless frame of app logic (shortcuts too, from the second frame on) delivering `events`,
+/// in the test's one context (in a new one the app starts its fonts over).
 fn frame(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, events: Vec<egui::Event>) {
-    let ctx = egui::Context::default();
+    thread_local! {
+        static CTX: egui::Context = egui::Context::default();
+    }
+    let ctx = CTX.with(Clone::clone);
     ctx.run_ui(egui::RawInput { events, ..Default::default() }, |ui| app.logic(ui.ctx())).textures_delta.clear();
 }
 

crates/ui-egui/src/toolbar.rs

@@ -218,19 +218,21 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
 /// the Gradient panel, the Eyedropper's the Eyedropper Options dialog, a Liquify tool's its Tool
 /// Options dialog, the Blend tool's Blend
 /// Options; the Print Tiling tool's resets the print tiling. As in the reference app, the Hand
-/// tool's fits the artboard in the window, the Zoom tool's shows it at 100%, and the Rotate, Scale,
-/// Reflect and Shear tools' are their Object › Transform dialogs.
+/// tool's fits the artboard in the window, the Zoom tool's shows it at 100%, the Rotate, Scale,
+/// Reflect and Shear tools' are their Object › Transform dialogs, and the selection tools' are the
+/// Move dialog.
 pub fn open_options(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, tool: &str) -> Result<serde_json::Value, String> {
     match tool {
         "hand" => app.run("view.fitArtboard", json!({})),
         "zoom" => app.run("view.actualSize", json!({})),
-        "rotate" | "scale" | "reflect" | "shear" => {
-            let id = format!("object.{tool}");
+        "rotate" | "scale" | "reflect" | "shear" | "selection" | "directSelection" | "groupSelection" => {
+            let dialog = if crate::canvas::is_selection_tool(tool) { "move" } else { tool };
+            let id = format!("object.{dialog}");
             if let Some(c) = vectorcraft_engine::find_command(&id) {
                 (c.enabled)(&app.session)?;
             }
             crate::menus::invoke(app, &id, json!({}));
-            Ok(json!({ "dialog": tool }))
+            Ok(json!({ "dialog": dialog }))
         }
         "gradient" if app.ui.open_panel.as_deref() == Some("gradient") => Ok(json!({ "open": "gradient" })),
         "gradient" => app.run("window.panel", json!({ "panel": "gradient" })),
@@ -538,6 +540,33 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
         assert!((b.x0 - 20.0).abs() < 1e-9 && (b.y0 - 0.0).abs() < 1e-9 && (b.width() - 20.0).abs() < 1e-9, "{b:?}");
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn double_clicking_a_selection_tool_opens_the_move_dialog() {
+        let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), Default::default());
+        app.run("file.new", json!({"width": 300, "height": 200})).unwrap();
+        let ctx = egui::Context::default();
+        // The Selection tool's button is the first one.
+        let selection = frame(&mut app, &ctx, 0.0, vec![])[0];
+        // Nothing selected: Move is disabled, so nothing opens.
+        double_click(&mut app, &ctx, 1.0, selection.center());
+        assert!(app.ui.dialog.is_none());
+        assert_eq!(app.run("tool.options", json!({"tool": "directSelection"})), Err("nothing selected".into()));
+        let id = app.run("shape.rectangle", json!({"x": 10, "y": 10, "width": 40, "height": 20})).unwrap()["id"].as_u64().unwrap();
+        double_click(&mut app, &ctx, 2.0, selection.center());
+        assert_eq!(app.ui.dialog.take().map(|d| d.kind), Some("move".to_string()));
+        // The Direct Selection and Group Selection tools open it too.
+        for tool in ["directSelection", "groupSelection"] {
+            app.run("tool.options", json!({"tool": tool})).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(app.ui.dialog.take().map(|d| d.kind), Some("move".to_string()), "{tool}");
+        }
+        // OK moves the selection by what was typed.
+        app.run("tool.options", json!({"tool": "selection"})).unwrap();
+        app.ui.dialog.as_mut().unwrap().fields.insert("dx".into(), json!("25 pt"));
+        crate::dialogs::confirm(&mut app).unwrap();
+        let b = app.session.active().unwrap().doc.node(vectorcraft_doc::NodeId(id)).unwrap().geometric_bounds().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!((b.x0, b.y0), (35.0, 10.0));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn right_clicking_a_tool_group_opens_its_flyout() {
         let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), Default::default());

crates/ui-egui/src/widgets.rs

@@ -1269,7 +1269,7 @@ pub fn doc_preview(ui: &Ui, key: &str, size: Vec2, build: impl FnOnce(f64, f64)
     use std::collections::HashMap;
     thread_local! {
         static RENDERER: RefCell<vectorcraft_render::Renderer> = RefCell::new(vectorcraft_render::Renderer::new());
-        static CACHE: RefCell<HashMap<String, egui::TextureHandle>> = RefCell::new(HashMap::new());
+        static CACHE: crate::graphics::TexCache<HashMap<String, egui::TextureHandle>> = crate::graphics::TexCache::default();
     }
     let ppp = ui.ctx().pixels_per_point() as f64;
     let (w, h) = (size.x as f64, size.y as f64);

docs/control-protocol.md

@@ -89,8 +89,11 @@ for `eyedropper` it opens Eyedropper Options, an `eyedropperOptions` dialog (fie
 `apply`, the attribute trees of `eyedropper.setOptions`) whose `ui.dialog.confirm` runs `eyedropper.setOptions` (what
 `appearance.copyFrom` copies). For `hand` it fits the artboard in the window (`view.fitArtboard`) and for `zoom` it
 shows 100% (`view.actualSize`). For `rotate`, `scale`, `reflect` and `shear` it opens the same dialog as Object ›
-Transform (dialog kind = the tool id), or fails with `nothing selected`. Gradient tool handles snap to
-anchors, edges and smart guides; Shift constrains them to 45° steps from the `constrainAngle` preference.
+Transform (dialog kind = the tool id), or fails with `nothing selected`. For `selection`, `directSelection` and
+`groupSelection` it opens the Move dialog (kind `move`), with the same failure. `ui.key` Enter with one of those seven
+tools opens its dialog too (nothing happens without a selection), with the transform tools' `origin` at their reference
+point. Gradient tool handles snap to anchors, edges and smart guides; Shift constrains them to 45° steps from the
+`constrainAngle` preference.
 
 Effect dialogs: `engine.execute {command: "effect.dialog", params: {effect, index?, item?}}` opens the `effect` dialog
 (fields: the effect's parameters, `preview`). With `index` it edits that applied effect of `item` (null: the object's
@@ -250,6 +253,11 @@ Width Point Edit: double-clicking a width point with the Width tool, or `ui.widt
 `adjustAdjoining`). `ui.dialog.confirm` runs `stroke.widthPoint.set` with them; `ui.dialog.set {field: "discard",
 value: true}` then confirm (the Delete button) removes the point with `stroke.widthPoint.remove`.
 
+Corners: double-clicking a Live Corners widget with the Selection or Direct Selection tool, or `ui.corners {id?,
+corners?}`, opens the `corners` dialog for a live rectangle's corners (the Direct-Selected ones, else all four; fields
+`id`, `corners`: indices 0–3 clockwise from the top-left, `kind`: round, invertedRound or chamfer, `radius` in points;
+`kind` or `radius` is absent while the corners differ). `ui.dialog.confirm` runs `object.setLiveShape` with them.
+
 Perspective plane options: double-clicking a plane widget of the perspective grid, or `ui.perspectivePlane {plane}`,
 opens the `perspectivePlane` dialog (fields `plane`: left, right or ground; `location`: points along the plane's
 normal; `objects`: none, move or copy). `ui.dialog.confirm` runs `perspective.plane.move` with them.

docs/development.md

@@ -21,6 +21,16 @@ How the web shell (`apps/vectorcraft-web/src/web.rs`) differs from desktop:
 - **Open** sets `Services::open_async`, which shows `rfd::AsyncFileDialog`. The bytes arrive in `Services::inbox`, which the app drains every frame.
 - **Save / Save As / Export** go through `Services::download`: a Blob, an object URL and a temporary `<a download>`, all created from Rust. There is no save dialog, so the suggested name becomes the download name.
 - **Drag-and-drop:** `WebShell` takes the frame's `dropped_files` before the app sees them, reads each with `DroppedFile::bytes_async` and pushes the bytes into the inbox (files dropped on a canvas go to `Services::place_inbox` with their `place::DropAt`: the document they were dropped on, by uid, and the point). A file that arrives after another document became active still lands in its own document, which becomes active again; if that document closed meanwhile, the file is not placed and the status bar says so. (The app's synchronous drop path is compiled out on wasm32.)
+- **Data Recovery** keeps its copies in `localStorage` (`vectorcraft-recovery/<area>/<name>`, shared by the site's tabs), so tabs can't lock their areas the way desktop apps lock a folder (`RecoveryStore::lock`). Each tab holds its area with a heartbeat it refreshes every minute and, where the browser has Web Locks (secure pages: `https://` or localhost), with a Web Lock named after the area (`apps/vectorcraft-web/src/locks.rs`, through `js_sys::Reflect` since web-sys has them only as an unstable API). The browser releases the lock only when the tab is gone, not while its timers are paused in the background, which a heartbeat can't tell apart (#367). `navigator.locks.query()` is asynchronous, so the shell keeps a snapshot refreshed every 10 seconds (taken once before the first frame); a snapshot older than a minute counts every area as held. An area is offered as a crash's leftovers only when no tab holds its lock and its heartbeat is older than three intervals. Without Web Locks a paused tab can still be taken for gone; it repairs that when it resumes: its next heartbeat (or recovery save) writes again the copies missing from its area, and a heartbeat newer than the one the other tab wrote taking the area over makes the area running again for that tab.
+- **Losing the graphics (#369):** the browser can drop the page's WebGPU device or WebGL context (a GPU reset, a driver update, too many tabs on the GPU; or a script calling `device.destroy()` / `WEBGL_lose_context.loseContext()`). The app goes on without it, so the shell watches for it: wgpu's device-lost callback for WebGPU, the canvas's `webglcontextlost` event for WebGL2. Both report to a `graphics::GraphicsLoss`, and the next frame of `WebShell::logic` handles it:
+  1. `VectorcraftApp::graphics_lost` writes Data Recovery copies of the modified documents at once (to browser storage, also when Data Recovery is turned off).
+  2. The shell puts a fresh `<canvas>` in place of the dead one (a canvas whose WebGL context is lost can't get another) and starts the same `WebRunner` again on it, with new graphics and a new egui context, handing over the same `VectorcraftApp`: documents, undo history, selection and panels stay as they were. Its `Services` are made again for the new context, and the status bar says the graphics were restarted.
+  3. Textures belong to the egui context they were uploaded to. The app notices the new context (`VectorcraftApp::adopt_context`) and uploads everything again: fonts and theme, the canvas, the place cursor's thumbnails, and every per-thread texture cache (thumbnails, previews, font samples), which are `graphics::TexCache`s for that reason. A new texture cache must be a `TexCache` (or live in the context's `ctx.data`), or it shows stale or wrong pictures after a restart.
+  4. If no new graphics can be had (no adapter, WebGL blocked after repeated losses) or the graphics were lost more than three times, the shell gives up: the dead canvas is removed, the app lets go of its recovery area but not its copies (`recovery::leave`: its heartbeat and Web Lock go, so the reloaded page offers the copies at once). The Web Locks are started once, before the first frame, and kept across graphics restarts, so a restarted tab stays the owner of its area and the page says to reload.
+
+  To try it, in the browser console: for WebGL2 (`?webgl`), `document.querySelector('canvas').getContext('webgl2').getExtension('WEBGL_lose_context').loseContext()`. For WebGPU, keep the device the page creates (wrap `GPUAdapter.prototype.requestDevice` before the page loads) and call its `destroy()`.
+
+  The desktop app can't make a new device for its window (eframe can't), so on a lost device (a driver reset) it logs the reason, writes the recovery copies, and says in the status bar to save and restart. Once the copies are written, closing the window skips the Save Changes question, which it can't show: the next launch offers the changes back.
 - **No control server:** browsers can't listen on TCP. To automate the web build, drive headless Chrome with `--remote-debugging-port`.
 - Quick smoke test: `"/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome" --headless=new --enable-unsafe-webgpu --screenshot=web.png --window-size=1440,900 --virtual-time-budget=15000 http://127.0.0.1:8766/` (headless Chrome on macOS gets a real WebGPU adapter).
 

docs/mcp.md

@@ -373,9 +373,12 @@ their stop opacity and stop where the shading doesn't extend. Text becomes point
 the file's font (by name; fonts that aren't available are listed in `warnings` and show in the fallback font, and
 every export that draws that type — PDF, EPS, EMF/WMF, raster images, SVG with outlined or embedded fonts — says in
 its `warnings` that it wrote the fallback font) — `textAs: "outlines"` keeps the glyph outlines the file draws instead
-(its embedded fonts, installed or not). Optional content groups (the layers of PDF and PDF-compatible `.ai`
-files) become layers with their name, visibility, print state and lock, art that is off coming in as a hidden layer;
-art outside them goes to a layer per page (except the opaque white page a `.ai` paints under its layers, which isn't art). `layers: false` gives one layer per page of only what shows:
+(its embedded fonts, installed or not). Strokes stay live strokes (width, cap, join, miter limit, dash and paint), and
+an object written as a fill and then a stroke of the same outline is one path with both. Optional content groups (the
+layers of PDF and PDF-compatible `.ai` files) become layers with their name, visibility (the default configuration's,
+or a view state that is off), print state and lock, nested as sublayers the way the file's layer order nests them; art
+that is off comes in as a hidden layer. Art outside them goes to a layer per page (except the opaque white page a `.ai`
+paints under its layers, which isn't art). `layers: false` gives one layer per page of only what shows:
 
 ```json
 {"name":"run_command","arguments":{"command":"document.open","params":{"path":"/tmp/map.pdf","textAs":"outlines","layers":false}}}
@@ -1036,6 +1039,22 @@ size. The journal entry of a scaling command records the `strokes` and `corners`
 {"name":"run_command","arguments":{"command":"object.transformEach","params":{"scaleH":50,"scaleV":50,"strokes":false}}}
 ```
 
+## Live Corners
+
+`object.setLiveShape {id?, ids?, radius?, kind?, corners?}` sets the corners of live rectangles (one undo step):
+`radius` (pt) and `kind` (`round`, `invertedRound` or `chamfer`) go to the `corners` given (0 top-left, 1 top-right,
+2 bottom-right, 3 bottom-left), else to the corners holding a Direct-Selected anchor (`select.anchors`), else to all
+four. Each corner keeps its own radius and kind (the shape's `live` in queries has `radii` and, when a corner isn't
+round, `kinds`); a corner with no radius is one anchor, a cut one two, and Direct-Selected corners stay selected as
+that changes. With the Selection or Direct Selection tool, dragging a corner widget rounds the corners whose widgets
+show (all four, or the Direct-Selected ones), Alt-clicking one cycles their kind and double-clicking one opens Corners
+(`ui.corners {id?, corners?}`, dialog `corners`: `kind`, `radius`; OK runs `object.setLiveShape`).
+
+```json
+{"name":"run_command","arguments":{"command":"object.setLiveShape","params":{"id":12,"corners":[1],"radius":16}}}
+{"name":"run_command","arguments":{"command":"object.setLiveShape","params":{"id":12,"corners":[0,3],"radius":8,"kind":"chamfer"}}}
+```
+
 ## Use Preview Bounds
 
 With the preference `usePreviewBounds` on (`prefs.set {key: "usePreviewBounds", value: true}`; also the Align panel
@@ -1554,9 +1573,12 @@ The copies live in the `recoveryFolder` preference's folder (default: `Data Reco
 none when the app runs with `VECTORCRAFT_NO_PREFS`) or, on the web, in browser storage.
 
 Each running app (each browser tab) keeps its copies in an area of its own (`<area>/<name>`): a sub-folder whose
-`.lock` file it keeps locked while it runs, or on the web an area with a heartbeat it refreshes every minute. Only
-areas nobody holds are offered: their lock is free, or their heartbeat is older than three intervals (at least three
-minutes). Several apps running at once (agents' instances included) never see each other's copies as crash leftovers,
+`.lock` file it keeps locked while it runs, or on the web an area with a heartbeat it refreshes every minute and a Web
+Lock the browser holds until the tab is gone (where the browser has Web Locks: secure pages). Only areas nobody holds
+are offered: their lock is free, or no tab holds their Web Lock and their heartbeat is older than three intervals (at
+least three minutes). A background tab whose timers are paused therefore keeps its copies. Without Web Locks another
+tab can take such a tab for gone; when it resumes, its next heartbeat or recovery save writes its missing copies
+again. Several apps running at once (agents' instances included) never see each other's copies as crash leftovers,
 and an area being restored or discarded is held, so two apps launched together never both take it.
 
 `file.recovery.list` → `{copies: [{file, title, path, format, saved, open, running}], location}` (`open`: the copy of a