diff --git a/crates/cos/src/document/objects.rs b/crates/cos/src/document/objects.rs
index 2ac18cff03..3fba3fd395 100644
--- a/crates/cos/src/document/objects.rs
+++ b/crates/cos/src/document/objects.rs
@@ -682,8 +682,9 @@ impl Document {
     ///
     /// Used when the working snapshot was restored from an earlier revision and the next
     /// incremental save must still append to this file (the last saved revision). Objects
-    /// that already match are left untouched. Reads go through private readers so neither
-    /// document's editing cache is filled.
+    /// that already match are left untouched, except members of an object stream of this file
+    /// whose stream number `current` frees or reuses: those are written again on their own.
+    /// Reads go through private readers so neither document's editing cache is filled.
     pub fn overlay_changes_from(&mut self, current: &Document) -> Result<(), CosError> {
         let saved_nums = self.object_numbers();
         let current_nums = current.object_numbers();
@@ -707,6 +708,22 @@ impl Document {
                 }
             }
         }
+        // An object stream of this file that is freed or replaced takes its members with it, so
+        // a member that is otherwise unchanged is written again on its own.
+        let gone = |n: u32| freed.binary_search(&n).is_ok() || changed.binary_search(&n).is_ok();
+        let orphaned: Vec<u32> = current_nums
+            .iter()
+            .copied()
+            .filter(|&num| changed.binary_search(&num).is_err())
+            .filter(|&num| {
+                let packed_in = match self.xref_entry(num) {
+                    Some(XrefEntry::InStream { stream, .. }) => Some(stream),
+                    _ => None,
+                };
+                packed_in.is_some_and(gone)
+            })
+            .collect();
+        changed.extend(orphaned);
         for num in freed {
             let generation = self.generation(num);
             self.free(ObjRef::new(num, generation));
diff --git a/crates/cos/src/document/tests.rs b/crates/cos/src/document/tests.rs
index cca4b87326..044a410862 100644
--- a/crates/cos/src/document/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/cos/src/document/tests.rs
@@ -1701,3 +1701,29 @@ fn a_stream_whose_length_is_itself_and_never_ends_loads_quickly() {
     });
     rx.recv_timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(20)).expect("loading must not retry exponentially");
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn a_restored_revision_keeps_what_the_saved_file_held_in_object_streams() {
+    // The earlier revision: an empty document read back from a file whose catalog and pages
+    // sit in an object stream.
+    let earlier = Document::open(Arc::new(crate::write_full(&Document::new_empty(), &crate::SaveOptions::default()).unwrap())).unwrap();
+    // The saved revision adds an object the catalog links to, so a full save numbers its objects
+    // anew; an undo then returns to the earlier graph.
+    let mut later = earlier.clone();
+    let extra = later.add(Object::Int(7));
+    let root = later.root().unwrap();
+    later.update_dict(root, |c| c.set(b"Extra".to_vec(), Object::Ref(extra))).unwrap();
+    let saved = crate::write_full(&later, &crate::SaveOptions::default()).unwrap();
+    let mut base = Document::open(Arc::new(saved)).unwrap();
+    assert!(
+        base.object_numbers().iter().any(|&n| matches!(base.xref_entry(n), Some(XrefEntry::InStream { .. }))),
+        "the saved file holds objects in a stream"
+    );
+    base.overlay_changes_from(&earlier).unwrap();
+    let file = crate::write_incremental(&base, &crate::SaveOptions::default()).unwrap();
+    let reread = Document::open(Arc::new(file)).unwrap();
+    let catalog = reread.get(reread.root().unwrap()).as_dict().unwrap().clone();
+    assert!(catalog.get(b"Extra").is_none(), "the restored catalog");
+    let pages = reread.resolve(catalog.get(b"Pages").unwrap());
+    assert_eq!(pages.as_dict().and_then(|d| d.name(b"Type")), Some(&b"Pages"[..]), "the pages survive: {pages:?}");
+}