diff --git a/crates/edit/src/images.rs b/crates/edit/src/images.rs
index 5e5c44fab7..fbb37ec1f0 100644
--- a/crates/edit/src/images.rs
+++ b/crates/edit/src/images.rs
@@ -527,12 +527,17 @@ fn exclusive_clip(ops: &[Op], op: usize) -> Option<(usize, Matrix)> {
 /// The `q cm … Q` whose only content after its `cm` is `start..=end` (a `Do`, or a balanced
 /// `q … Q` scope), with the index and value of that `cm`. Another transform of the same
 /// placement is folded into it, so repeated moves and resizes don't nest one more `q` each.
-fn enclosing_transform(ops: &[Op], start: usize, end: usize) -> Option<(usize, Matrix)> {
+/// None when its `Q` is at or past `hidden` ([`crate::text::first_op_after_damage`]): a stream
+/// between that wasn't read may draw in that `cm` too.
+fn enclosing_transform(ops: &[Op], start: usize, end: usize, hidden: usize) -> Option<(usize, Matrix)> {
     let at = start.checked_sub(1)?;
     let cm = ops.get(at)?;
     if !ops.get(at.checked_sub(1)?)?.is("q") || !ops.get(end.checked_add(1)?)?.is("Q") || !cm.is("cm") || cm.operands.len() != 6 {
         return None;
     }
+    if end.checked_add(1)? >= hidden {
+        return None;
+    }
     let m = Matrix(cm.nums::<6>()?);
     m.0.iter().all(|v| v.is_finite()).then_some((at, m))
 }
@@ -1052,7 +1057,9 @@ fn determine_arrange_spans(
     has_other_paint: bool,
     marked_unit: bool,
 ) -> Result<(std::ops::Range<usize>, usize, usize, usize), EditError> {
-    let scope = image_scopes(ops, target, "arranged")
+    // Nothing is hidden for Arrange: it takes out the scope it finds, so a scope that closes past a
+    // stream not read whole changes a stream past it, which `rewritten_contents` refuses.
+    let scope = image_scopes(ops, target, "arranged", ops.len())
         .ok()
         .and_then(|s| s.isolated)
         .filter(|&(start, end, _)| start >= target_unit.start && end < target_unit.end);
@@ -1491,8 +1498,10 @@ impl ImageScopes {
     }
 }
 
-/// [`ImageScopes`] of the `Do` at `target`. An image inside a text object cannot be `done`.
-fn image_scopes(ops: &[Op], target: usize, done: &str) -> Result<ImageScopes, EditError> {
+/// [`ImageScopes`] of the `Do` at `target`. An image inside a text object cannot be `done`. A scope
+/// still open at op `hidden` ([`crate::text::first_op_after_damage`]) holds a stream that wasn't
+/// read, which may paint there: it counts as painting something else.
+fn image_scopes(ops: &[Op], target: usize, done: &str, hidden: usize) -> Result<ImageScopes, EditError> {
     struct Scope {
         start: usize,
         matrix: Matrix,
@@ -1511,6 +1520,11 @@ fn image_scopes(ops: &[Op], target: usize, done: &str) -> Result<ImageScopes, Ed
     let mut isolated = None;
     let mut outermost = None;
     for (index, op) in ops.iter().enumerate() {
+        if index == hidden {
+            for scope in &mut stack {
+                scope.other_paint = true;
+            }
+        }
         match op.op.as_slice() {
             b"q" => {
                 if stack.len() >= 256 {
@@ -1600,14 +1614,20 @@ fn remove_image_crop(doc: &mut Document, p: &pdfcraft_model::Page, all: &[Conten
     let pieces = joined(all);
     let ops = pieces.parse().ops;
     let target = img.op;
-    let scope = image_scopes(&ops, target, "cropped")?;
-    let Some((start, _, _)) = scope.transform_scope(target) else {
-        return Err(EditError::Invalid("the image has no PdfCraft crop to remove".into()));
+    let crops = |hidden| -> Result<Vec<std::ops::Range<usize>>, EditError> {
+        let scope = image_scopes(&ops, target, "cropped", hidden)?;
+        Ok(scope.transform_scope(target).map(|(start, _, _)| app_crop_ranges(&ops, start, target)).unwrap_or_default())
     };
-    let crops = app_crop_ranges(&ops, start, target);
-    if crops.is_empty() {
-        return Err(EditError::Invalid("the image has no PdfCraft crop to remove".into()));
+    let crops_there = crops(crate::text::first_op_after_damage(all, &pieces, &ops))?;
+    if crops_there.is_empty() {
+        // A crop in a scope that closes past a stream not read whole may clip what that stream draws.
+        return Err(EditError::Invalid(if crops(ops.len())?.is_empty() {
+            "the image has no PdfCraft crop to remove".into()
+        } else {
+            "the image's crop may also clip what a content stream that is damaged or can't be decoded draws, so it isn't removed".into()
+        }));
     }
+    let crops = crops_there;
     let changed = crate::text::splice(&pieces, &ops, |index| (Vec::new(), !crops.iter().any(|r| r.contains(&index))));
     let contents = crate::text::rewritten_contents(doc, all, changed)?;
     doc.update_dict(p.obj, |d| d.set(b"Contents".to_vec(), contents))?;
@@ -1705,8 +1725,9 @@ fn transform_image(
     }
     // A private path crop moves with its image regardless of intervening state operators.
     // Shared crops retain the existing fixed-clip behavior, preserving neighbouring paint.
+    let hidden = crate::text::first_op_after_damage(streams, &pieces, &ops);
     let (start, end, placement) =
-        image_scopes(&ops, target, "transformed")?.transform_scope(target).unwrap_or((target, target, Matrix(image.draw_matrix)));
+        image_scopes(&ops, target, "transformed", hidden)?.transform_scope(target).unwrap_or((target, target, Matrix(image.draw_matrix)));
     let inverse = placement.invert().ok_or_else(|| EditError::Invalid("the image has no area".into()))?;
     let local = placement.then(&Matrix(transform)).then(&inverse);
     if !local.0.iter().all(|v| v.is_finite() && v.abs() <= 1e12) {
@@ -1715,7 +1736,7 @@ fn transform_image(
 
     // Already alone in a `q cm … Q` (its own placement, or the wrapper an earlier edit added):
     // change that `cm` in place. The CTM inside is `local · cm · outer` either way.
-    if let Some((at, cm)) = enclosing_transform(&ops, start, end) {
+    if let Some((at, cm)) = enclosing_transform(&ops, start, end, hidden) {
         let folded = local.then(&cm);
         if !folded.0.iter().all(|v| v.is_finite() && v.abs() <= 1e12) {
             return Err(EditError::Invalid("the image transform is too large".into()));
@@ -1780,8 +1801,9 @@ fn crop_image_impl(
     if !ops.get(target).is_some_and(|op| op.is("Do")) {
         return Err(EditError::Invalid("the image operation could not be located".into()));
     }
-    let (start, end, placement) =
-        image_scopes(&ops, target, "cropped")?.transform_scope(target).unwrap_or((target, target, Matrix(image.draw_matrix)));
+    let (start, end, placement) = image_scopes(&ops, target, "cropped", crate::text::first_op_after_damage(streams, &pieces, &ops))?
+        .transform_scope(target)
+        .unwrap_or((target, target, Matrix(image.draw_matrix)));
     let inverse = placement.invert().ok_or_else(|| EditError::Invalid("the image has no area".into()))?;
     let corners = [(x0, y0), (x1, y0), (x1, y1), (x0, y1)].map(|(x, y)| inverse.apply(x, y));
     if !corners.iter().all(|(x, y)| x.is_finite() && y.is_finite() && x.abs() <= 1e12 && y.abs() <= 1e12) {
@@ -1862,6 +1884,7 @@ pub(crate) fn translate_images(doc: &mut Document, page: usize, indexes: &[usize
     }
     let pieces = joined(&all);
     let ops = pieces.parse().ops;
+    let hidden = crate::text::first_op_after_damage(&all, &pieces, &ops);
     let mut inside_text = false;
     for (index, op) in ops.iter().enumerate() {
         if op.is("BT") {
@@ -1879,7 +1902,7 @@ pub(crate) fn translate_images(doc: &mut Document, page: usize, indexes: &[usize
     let mut folds = std::collections::BTreeMap::new();
     for image in images.iter().filter(|image| image.has_editor_crop()) {
         let Some(&(_, _, offset)) = plans.get(&image.op) else { continue };
-        let Some((start, end, placement)) = image_scopes(&ops, image.op, "moved")?.transform_scope(image.op) else {
+        let Some((start, end, placement)) = image_scopes(&ops, image.op, "moved", hidden)?.transform_scope(image.op) else {
             return Err(EditError::Invalid("the image crop cannot be moved independently".into()));
         };
         let inverse = placement.invert().ok_or_else(|| EditError::Invalid("a selected image has no area".into()))?;
@@ -1896,7 +1919,7 @@ pub(crate) fn translate_images(doc: &mut Document, page: usize, indexes: &[usize
         };
         // An enclosing cm is before the captured placement; an inside-scope cm is after it.
         // Their multiplication orders differ when that cm scales or shears a translation.
-        let folded = enclosing_transform(&ops, start, end)
+        let folded = enclosing_transform(&ops, start, end, hidden)
             .map(|(at, cm)| (at, local.then(&cm)))
             .or_else(|| leading_transform().map(|(at, cm)| (at, cm.then(&local))));
         if let Some((at, folded)) = folded {
@@ -1932,7 +1955,7 @@ pub(crate) fn translate_images(doc: &mut Document, page: usize, indexes: &[usize
     // An image already alone in `q cm Do Q` moves by changing that `cm`, not by nesting another.
     for index in 0..ops.len() {
         let Some(&(movement, _, _)) = plans.get(&index) else { continue };
-        let Some((at, cm)) = enclosing_transform(&ops, index, index) else { continue };
+        let Some((at, cm)) = enclosing_transform(&ops, index, index, hidden) else { continue };
         let folded = movement.then(&cm);
         if !folded.0.iter().all(|v| v.is_finite() && v.abs() <= 1e12) {
             return Err(EditError::Invalid("the image move is too large".into()));
diff --git a/crates/edit/src/tests.rs b/crates/edit/src/tests.rs
index 5f9787a8e6..337c8c275e 100644
--- a/crates/edit/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/edit/src/tests.rs
@@ -5294,6 +5294,83 @@ fn content_after_a_stream_that_does_not_decode_is_not_edited() {
     assert_eq!(contents(&doc), listed);
 }
 
+/// An image's `q cm … Q` that closes past a stream not read whole, one that doesn't decode or one
+/// damaged partway, may hold what that stream draws (here a square, in the image's `cm`), also when
+/// the square's operands end the stream before it and only its keyword is hidden. Moving the image
+/// leaves that `cm` as it is and gives the `Do` a `cm` of its own, so the square stays, with a clip
+/// on the image too, which then stays where it is as one the square may share. A crop goes around
+/// the `Do` alone, and a crop PdfCraft put in that scope isn't removed. A scope that closes in a
+/// damaged stream before its damage holds none of it: its `cm` takes the move.
+#[test]
+fn an_image_whose_scope_closes_past_a_stream_not_read_whole_moves_alone() {
+    use pdfcraft_cos::{Dict, ObjRef, Stream};
+    let contents = |doc: &Document| pdfcraft_model::pages(doc)[0].dict.get(b"Contents").cloned();
+    let first_stream = |doc: &Document| {
+        let Some(Object::Array(list)) = contents(doc) else { panic!("contents {:?}", contents(doc)) };
+        let Some(Object::Stream(first)) = list.first().map(|f| (*doc.resolve(f)).clone()) else { panic!("no first stream") };
+        String::from_utf8(first.decoded().unwrap()).unwrap()
+    };
+    let later_streams = |doc: &Document| match contents(doc) {
+        Some(Object::Array(list)) => list.get(1..).map(<[Object]>::to_vec),
+        other => panic!("contents {other:?}"),
+    };
+    // The image in `q 100 0 0 100 50 50 cm`, a stream not read whole drawing a square in that
+    // `cm`, then the scope's `Q`. Split, the square's operands come before the hidden keyword.
+    let page = |clip: &str, damaged: bool, split: bool| {
+        let operands = if split && !damaged { " 1.5 0 0.5 0.5" } else { "" };
+        let mut doc = two_stream_image_page(&format!("q 100 0 0 100 50 50 cm {clip}/Im1 Do{operands}"), "Q");
+        let hidden = match (damaged, split) {
+            (true, false) => damaged_flate(b"", b"0 0 1 rg 1.5 0 0.5 0.5 re f"),
+            (true, true) => damaged_flate(b"0 0 1 rg 1.5 0", b" 0.5 0.5 re f"),
+            (false, _) => {
+                let filter = doc.add(Object::name("FlateDecode"));
+                let mut s = Stream::flate(Dict::new(), if split { b"re f".as_slice() } else { b"0 0 1 rg 1.5 0 0.5 0.5 re f" });
+                s.dict.set(b"Filter".to_vec(), Object::Ref(filter));
+                s
+            }
+        };
+        let hidden = doc.add(hidden);
+        let listed = vec![Object::Ref(ObjRef::new(4, 0)), Object::Ref(hidden), Object::Ref(ObjRef::new(5, 0))];
+        doc.update_dict(ObjRef::new(3, 0), |p| p.set(b"Contents".to_vec(), Object::Array(listed))).unwrap();
+        doc
+    };
+    let shift = images::ImageChange::Transform([1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 10.0, 0.0]);
+    for damaged in [false, true] {
+        for split in [false, true] {
+            for clip in ["", "0 0 1 1 re W n ", "/PdfCraftImageCrop MP 0 0 1 1 re W n "] {
+                let what = format!("damaged: {damaged}, split: {split}, clip: {clip:?}");
+                let mut doc = page(clip, damaged, split);
+                let later = later_streams(&doc);
+                images::change_image(&mut doc, 0, 0, &shift).unwrap();
+                assert_eq!(later_streams(&doc), later, "{what}: the streams after it as they were");
+                let first = first_stream(&doc);
+                assert!(first.contains("100 0 0 100 50 50 cm"), "{what}: the scope's cm stays: {first}");
+                assert!(close(images::page_images(&doc, 0).unwrap()[0].rect, [60.0, 50.0, 160.0, 150.0]), "{what}: the image moved");
+
+                let mut doc = page(clip, damaged, split);
+                images::change_image(&mut doc, 0, 0, &images::ImageChange::Crop([60.0, 60.0, 140.0, 140.0])).unwrap();
+                assert_eq!(later_streams(&doc), later, "{what}: cropped, the streams after it as they were");
+                let first = first_stream(&doc);
+                assert!(first.starts_with("q 100 0 0 100 50 50 cm"), "{what}: nothing put at the scope's start: {first}");
+
+                if clip.contains("PdfCraftImageCrop") {
+                    let mut doc = page(clip, damaged, split);
+                    let listed = contents(&doc);
+                    let refused = images::change_image(&mut doc, 0, 0, &images::ImageChange::RemoveCrop).unwrap_err();
+                    assert!(refused.to_string().contains("may also clip"), "{what}: {refused}");
+                    assert_eq!(contents(&doc), listed, "{what}");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut doc = two_stream_image_page("q 100 0 0 100 50 50 cm /Im1 Do", "");
+    doc.set(ObjRef::new(5, 0), damaged_flate(b"Q\n", b"0 0 1 rg 1.5 0 0.5 0.5 re f"));
+    images::change_image(&mut doc, 0, 0, &shift).unwrap();
+    let first = first_stream(&doc);
+    assert!(first.contains("100 0 0 100 60 50 cm") && !first.contains("50 50 cm"), "closed before the damage: {first}");
+}
+
 /// A content stream whose `/DecodeParms`, or a parameter in them, is given by reference is read
 /// through the reference: its text is listed and edited, not read with the predictor's tag bytes
 /// left in it.
diff --git a/crates/edit/src/text.rs b/crates/edit/src/text.rs
index 40675b4892..6ee805674e 100644
--- a/crates/edit/src/text.rs
+++ b/crates/edit/src/text.rs
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ pub(crate) use fallback::{glyph_path, type3_font_dict, unique_font_name};
 use interp::{Origin, Paint, union};
 use lines::page_dict;
 pub(crate) use lines::{
-    ContentStream, FormBudget, Read, content_streams, content_streams_within, dict_in_place, drawn_before_damage, form_call, joined, resource_dict,
-    rewritten_contents, splice,
+    ContentStream, FormBudget, Read, content_streams, content_streams_within, dict_in_place, drawn_before_damage, first_op_after_damage, form_call,
+    joined, resource_dict, rewritten_contents, splice,
 };
 pub use lines::{MAX_FORM_DEPTH, MAX_FORM_VISITS, glyph_text_lines, text_lines};
 pub use rewrite::{LineEdit, replace_line, rewrite_block};
diff --git a/crates/edit/src/text/lines.rs b/crates/edit/src/text/lines.rs
index bc0812e00d..1a606bc0f1 100644
--- a/crates/edit/src/text/lines.rs
+++ b/crates/edit/src/text/lines.rs
@@ -165,6 +165,15 @@ fn first_damaged(streams: &[ContentStream]) -> usize {
     streams.iter().position(|s| s.read != Read::Whole).unwrap_or(streams.len())
 }
 
+/// The index of the first of `ops`, parsed from `pieces` (the [`joined`] `streams`), drawn after a
+/// stream not read whole, or `ops.len()`. A `q … Q` still open there may hold what wasn't read,
+/// painting in the state it sets. An operator counts by its keyword: one whose operands start
+/// before such a stream takes them from around what wasn't read.
+pub(crate) fn first_op_after_damage(streams: &[ContentStream], pieces: &Pieces, ops: &[Op]) -> usize {
+    let damaged = first_damaged(streams);
+    ops.iter().position(|op| pieces.pieces_of(op).1 > damaged).unwrap_or(ops.len())
+}
+
 /// The page's `/Contents` after a [`splice`]: pieces whose bytes changed become new streams
 /// (keeping their dictionaries), the others stay as they were. An error, before anything is
 /// added, when a piece that changed is a stream that didn't decode whole, or comes after one.