diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index e1f22bebfa..fafd037d33 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -4708,6 +4708,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "skrifa 0.44.0",
  "thiserror 2.0.21",
  "unicode-bidi",
+ "url",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
diff --git a/apps/pdfcraft-cli/src/commands.rs b/apps/pdfcraft-cli/src/commands.rs
index 5a74f19f56..cb3365a4fe 100644
--- a/apps/pdfcraft-cli/src/commands.rs
+++ b/apps/pdfcraft-cli/src/commands.rs
@@ -440,6 +440,12 @@ pub(crate) fn render(args: &[String]) -> Result<(), CliError> {
                 let _ =
                     writeln!(std::io::stderr().lock(), "warning: page {page}: a colour that could not be computed was painted in a fallback colour");
             }
+            pdfcraft_render::RenderWarning::MalformedIndexedImage => {
+                let _ = writeln!(
+                    std::io::stderr().lock(),
+                    "warning: page {page}: an image with a malformed Indexed colour table may be drawn wrongly or not at all"
+                );
+            }
             pdfcraft_render::RenderWarning::Type3WidthsMissing => {
                 let _ = writeln!(
                     std::io::stderr().lock(),
diff --git a/crates/a11y/src/autotag.rs b/crates/a11y/src/autotag.rs
index 1b898fdfda..59d30930ff 100644
--- a/crates/a11y/src/autotag.rs
+++ b/crates/a11y/src/autotag.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
-//! Create a valid, reviewable structure tree for PDFs whose painted content is text only.
+//! Create a valid, reviewable structure tree for untagged PDFs.
 //!
-//! The writer refuses mixed content and existing tags. Each text object becomes a paragraph,
-//! which can then be retagged with the existing tag-property tool after human review.
+//! Each text object becomes a paragraph, which can then be retagged with the existing
+//! tag-property tool after human review. Painted paths, shadings and images outside text objects
+//! are wrapped in `/Artifact BMC … EMC` so the resulting page passes the tagged-content check.
 
-use pdfcraft_content::{Op, parse, serialize_ops};
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+
+use pdfcraft_content::{Op, Pieces, serialize_ops};
 use pdfcraft_cos::{DecodeBudget, Dict, Document, ObjRef, Object, Stream};
 
 const MAX_PAGES: usize = 1_000;
@@ -41,25 +44,27 @@ struct Plan {
     page: ObjRef,
     ops: Vec<Op>,
     spans: Vec<(usize, usize)>,
+    artifacts: HashMap<usize, usize>,
 }
 
 fn unsupported(page: usize, reason: impl Into<String>) -> AutoTagError {
     AutoTagError::Unsupported { page: page + 1, reason: reason.into() }
 }
 
-fn content_bytes(doc: &Document, page: &pdfcraft_model::Page, index: usize) -> Result<Vec<u8>, AutoTagError> {
-    let Some(contents) = page.dict.get(b"Contents") else { return Ok(Vec::new()) };
+fn content_pieces(doc: &Document, page: &pdfcraft_model::Page, index: usize) -> Result<Pieces, AutoTagError> {
+    let Some(contents) = page.dict.get(b"Contents") else { return Ok(Pieces::join::<&[u8]>(&[])) };
     let resolved = doc.resolve(contents);
-    let pieces: Vec<Object> = match &*resolved {
+    let items: Vec<Object> = match &*resolved {
         Object::Array(items) => items.clone(),
         Object::Stream(_) => vec![contents.clone()],
         _ => return Err(unsupported(index, "contents are not a stream or array of streams")),
     };
-    let mut all = Vec::new();
-    for item in pieces {
+    let mut pieces = Vec::with_capacity(items.len());
+    let mut total = 0usize;
+    for item in items {
         let value = doc.resolve(&item);
         let Object::Stream(stream) = &*value else { return Err(unsupported(index, "contents include a non-stream object")) };
-        let remaining = MAX_PAGE_BYTES.saturating_sub(all.len().saturating_add(1));
+        let remaining = MAX_PAGE_BYTES.saturating_sub(total.saturating_add(1));
         if remaining == 0 {
             return Err(unsupported(index, "decoding the content takes more than 16 MiB"));
         }
@@ -79,10 +84,18 @@ fn content_bytes(doc: &Document, page: &pdfcraft_model::Page, index: usize) -> R
                 unsupported(index, format!("content cannot be decoded strictly: {why}"))
             }
         })?;
-        all.extend_from_slice(&decoded);
-        all.push(b' ');
+        total = total.saturating_add(decoded.len()).saturating_add(1);
+        pieces.push(decoded);
     }
-    Ok(all)
+    Ok(Pieces::join(&pieces))
+}
+
+fn page_xobjects(doc: &Document, page: &Dict) -> Dict {
+    page.get(b"Resources")
+        .map(|r| doc.resolve(r))
+        .and_then(|r| r.as_dict().and_then(|r| r.get(b"XObject").map(|x| doc.resolve(x))))
+        .and_then(|x| x.as_dict().cloned())
+        .unwrap_or_default()
 }
 
 fn harmless_outside(op: &[u8]) -> bool {
@@ -110,9 +123,35 @@ fn harmless_outside(op: &[u8]) -> bool {
             | b"sc"
             | b"SCN"
             | b"scn"
+            | b"m"
+            | b"l"
+            | b"c"
+            | b"v"
+            | b"y"
+            | b"h"
+            | b"re"
+            | b"W"
+            | b"W*"
+            | b"n"
     )
 }
 
+fn painted_outside(doc: &Document, xobjects: &Dict, op: &Op) -> bool {
+    match op.op.as_slice() {
+        b"f" | b"F" | b"f*" | b"B" | b"B*" | b"b" | b"b*" | b"S" | b"s" | b"sh" | b"BI" => true,
+        b"Do" => op
+            .name(0)
+            .and_then(|n| xobjects.get(n))
+            .map(|o| doc.resolve(o))
+            .and_then(|o| match &*o {
+                Object::Stream(s) => s.dict.name(b"Subtype").map(<[u8]>::to_vec),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .is_some_and(|st| st == b"Image"),
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
 fn harmless_inside(op: &[u8]) -> bool {
     matches!(
         op,
@@ -142,17 +181,38 @@ fn harmless_inside(op: &[u8]) -> bool {
     )
 }
 
-/// The `(BT, ET)` operator index pairs of each text object that shows text, or why the page cannot be tagged.
-fn text_spans(ops: &[Op], index: usize) -> Result<Vec<(usize, usize)>, AutoTagError> {
-    let mut start = None;
-    let mut has_text = false;
-    let mut spans = Vec::new();
-    for (at, op) in ops.iter().enumerate() {
+/// `totals` is the decoded bytes and operators of the pages planned so far, bounded by
+/// `MAX_TOTAL_BYTES` and `MAX_TOTAL_OPERATORS`.
+fn plan_page(doc: &Document, page: &pdfcraft_model::Page, index: usize, totals: &mut (usize, usize)) -> Result<Plan, AutoTagError> {
+    if page.dict.contains(b"StructParents") {
+        return Err(unsupported(index, "page already has a structure parent key"));
+    }
+    if page.dict.get(b"Annots").is_some_and(|a| match &*doc.resolve(a) {
+        Object::Array(items) => !items.is_empty(),
+        _ => true,
+    }) {
+        return Err(unsupported(index, "annotations need separate structure tags"));
+    }
+    let pieces = content_pieces(doc, page, index)?;
+    totals.0 = totals.0.saturating_add(pieces.data().len());
+    let parsed = pieces.parse();
+    if parsed.skipped > 0 || parsed.ambiguous_images > 0 || parsed.ops.len() > MAX_OPERATORS {
+        return Err(unsupported(index, "content has malformed or too many operators"));
+    }
+    totals.1 = totals.1.saturating_add(parsed.ops.len());
+    if totals.0 > MAX_TOTAL_BYTES || totals.1 > MAX_TOTAL_OPERATORS {
+        return Err(unsupported(index, "the document has too much content to auto-tag in one edit"));
+    }
+    let xobjects = page_xobjects(doc, &page.dict);
+    let (mut start, mut has_text, mut spans, mut artifacts) = (None, false, Vec::new(), HashMap::new());
+    // Marked-content boundaries must enclose the whole path, not just its paint operator.
+    let mut path = None;
+    for (at, op) in parsed.ops.iter().enumerate() {
+        if path.is_some() && matches!(op.op.as_slice(), b"BT" | b"Do" | b"BI" | b"sh") {
+            return Err(unsupported(index, "painted content interrupts an unfinished path"));
+        }
         match op.op.as_slice() {
-            b"BT" if start.is_none() => {
-                start = Some(at);
-                has_text = false;
-            }
+            b"BT" if start.is_none() => (start, has_text) = (Some(at), false),
             b"ET" => {
                 let Some(first) = start.take() else { return Err(unsupported(index, "unmatched ET operator")) };
                 if has_text {
@@ -164,14 +224,31 @@ fn text_spans(ops: &[Op], index: usize) -> Result<Vec<(usize, usize)>, AutoTagEr
             }
             b"Tj" | b"TJ" | b"'" | b"\"" if start.is_some() => has_text = true,
             name if start.is_some() && harmless_inside(name) => {}
-            name if start.is_none() && harmless_outside(name) => {}
+            name if start.is_none() && harmless_outside(name) => match name {
+                b"m" | b"re" => {
+                    path.get_or_insert(at);
+                }
+                b"n" => path = None,
+                _ => {}
+            },
+            _ if start.is_none() && painted_outside(doc, &xobjects, op) => {
+                let first = if matches!(op.op.as_slice(), b"f" | b"F" | b"f*" | b"B" | b"B*" | b"b" | b"b*" | b"S" | b"s") {
+                    path.take().unwrap_or(at)
+                } else {
+                    at
+                };
+                artifacts.insert(first, at);
+            }
             _ => return Err(unsupported(index, format!("unsupported or painted operator {}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&op.op)))),
         }
     }
     if start.is_some() {
         return Err(unsupported(index, "unterminated BT text object"));
     }
-    Ok(spans)
+    if path.is_some() {
+        return Err(unsupported(index, "unterminated path object"));
+    }
+    Ok(Plan { page: page.obj, ops: parsed.ops, spans, artifacts })
 }
 
 fn plan(doc: &Document) -> Result<Vec<Plan>, AutoTagError> {
@@ -190,30 +267,11 @@ fn plan(doc: &Document) -> Result<Vec<Plan>, AutoTagError> {
     }
     let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(pages.len());
     let mut total = 0usize;
-    let (mut total_bytes, mut total_ops) = (0usize, 0usize);
+    let mut totals = (0usize, 0usize);
     for (index, page) in pages.iter().enumerate() {
-        if page.dict.contains(b"StructParents") {
-            return Err(unsupported(index, "page already has a structure parent key"));
-        }
-        if page.dict.get(b"Annots").is_some_and(|a| match &*doc.resolve(a) {
-            Object::Array(items) => !items.is_empty(),
-            _ => true,
-        }) {
-            return Err(unsupported(index, "annotations need separate structure tags"));
-        }
-        let bytes = content_bytes(doc, page, index)?;
-        total_bytes = total_bytes.saturating_add(bytes.len());
-        let parsed = parse(&bytes);
-        if parsed.skipped > 0 || parsed.ops.len() > MAX_OPERATORS {
-            return Err(unsupported(index, "content has malformed or too many operators"));
-        }
-        total_ops = total_ops.saturating_add(parsed.ops.len());
-        if total_bytes > MAX_TOTAL_BYTES || total_ops > MAX_TOTAL_OPERATORS {
-            return Err(unsupported(index, "the document has too much content to auto-tag in one edit"));
-        }
-        let spans = text_spans(&parsed.ops, index)?;
-        total = total.saturating_add(spans.len());
-        out.push(Plan { page: page.obj, ops: parsed.ops, spans });
+        let planned = plan_page(doc, page, index, &mut totals)?;
+        total = total.saturating_add(planned.spans.len());
+        out.push(planned);
     }
     if total == 0 {
         return Err(AutoTagError::NoText);
@@ -221,62 +279,36 @@ fn plan(doc: &Document) -> Result<Vec<Plan>, AutoTagError> {
     Ok(out)
 }
 
-/// Tag every text object in an untagged, text-only PDF as a paragraph. The full structure tree,
-/// parent tree and marked-content IDs are written together. Mixed content is refused before any
-/// mutation. On success the caller can use tag-property edits to assign reviewed heading roles.
-pub fn autotag_text(doc: &mut Document) -> Result<AutoTagResult, AutoTagError> {
-    let plans = plan(doc)?;
-    let mut next = doc.clone();
-    let catalog = next.root().ok_or(AutoTagError::NoCatalog)?;
-    let root = next.add(Object::Null);
-    let document = next.add(Object::Null);
-    let mut children = Vec::new();
-    let mut numbers = Vec::new();
-    let mut tagged_pages = 0usize;
-    let mut paragraphs = 0usize;
-    for page in plans {
-        if page.spans.is_empty() {
-            continue;
+fn mark_ops(ops: Vec<Op>, starts: &HashMap<usize, usize>, ends: &HashSet<usize>, artifacts: &HashMap<usize, usize>) -> Result<Vec<Op>, AutoTagError> {
+    let artifact_ends: HashSet<usize> = artifacts.values().copied().collect();
+    let extra = starts.len().saturating_add(artifacts.len()).saturating_mul(2);
+    let mut marked = Vec::with_capacity(ops.len().saturating_add(extra));
+    for (at, op) in ops.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        let is_artifact = artifacts.contains_key(&at);
+        if let Some(mcid) = starts.get(&at) {
+            let mut properties = Dict::new();
+            properties.set(b"MCID".to_vec(), Object::Int(i64::try_from(*mcid).map_err(|_| AutoTagError::TooManyPages)?));
+            marked.push(Op::new("BDC", vec![Object::name("P"), Object::Dict(properties)]));
+        } else if is_artifact {
+            marked.push(Op::new("BMC", vec![Object::name("Artifact")]));
         }
-        let key = i64::try_from(tagged_pages).map_err(|_| AutoTagError::TooManyPages)?;
-        let mut parents = Vec::with_capacity(page.spans.len());
-        let mut starts = std::collections::HashMap::new();
-        let mut ends = std::collections::HashSet::new();
-        for (mcid, (first, last)) in page.spans.iter().enumerate() {
-            let mut element = Dict::new();
-            element.set(b"Type".to_vec(), Object::name("StructElem"));
-            element.set(b"S".to_vec(), Object::name("P"));
-            element.set(b"P".to_vec(), Object::Ref(document));
-            element.set(b"Pg".to_vec(), Object::Ref(page.page));
-            element.set(b"K".to_vec(), Object::Int(i64::try_from(mcid).map_err(|_| AutoTagError::TooManyPages)?));
-            let reference = next.add(element);
-            parents.push(Object::Ref(reference));
-            children.push(Object::Ref(reference));
-            starts.insert(*first, mcid);
-            ends.insert(*last);
-            paragraphs = paragraphs.saturating_add(1);
+        marked.push(op);
+        if ends.contains(&at) || artifact_ends.contains(&at) {
+            marked.push(Op::new("EMC", Vec::new()));
         }
-        let mut marked = Vec::with_capacity(page.ops.len().saturating_add(page.spans.len().saturating_mul(2)));
-        for (at, op) in page.ops.into_iter().enumerate() {
-            if let Some(mcid) = starts.get(&at) {
-                let mut properties = Dict::new();
-                properties.set(b"MCID".to_vec(), Object::Int(i64::try_from(*mcid).map_err(|_| AutoTagError::TooManyPages)?));
-                marked.push(Op::new("BDC", vec![Object::name("P"), Object::Dict(properties)]));
-            }
-            marked.push(op);
-            if ends.contains(&at) {
-                marked.push(Op::new("EMC", Vec::new()));
-            }
-        }
-        let stream = next.add(Stream::flate(Dict::new(), &serialize_ops(&marked)));
-        next.update_dict(page.page, |d| {
-            d.set(b"Contents".to_vec(), Object::Ref(stream));
-            d.set(b"StructParents".to_vec(), Object::Int(key));
-        })?;
-        numbers.push(Object::Int(key));
-        numbers.push(Object::Array(parents));
-        tagged_pages += 1;
     }
+    Ok(marked)
+}
+
+fn write_structure(
+    next: &mut Document,
+    catalog: ObjRef,
+    root: ObjRef,
+    document: ObjRef,
+    children: Vec<Object>,
+    numbers: Vec<Object>,
+    tagged_pages: usize,
+) -> Result<(), AutoTagError> {
     let mut tree = Dict::new();
     tree.set(b"Nums".to_vec(), Object::Array(numbers));
     let parent_tree = next.add(tree);
@@ -299,6 +331,50 @@ pub fn autotag_text(doc: &mut Document) -> Result<AutoTagResult, AutoTagError> {
         d.set(b"StructTreeRoot".to_vec(), Object::Ref(root));
         d.set(b"MarkInfo".to_vec(), Object::Dict(mark_info));
     })?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Tag every text object in an untagged PDF as a paragraph and mark painted paths, shadings and
+/// images outside text objects as artifacts. The full structure tree, parent tree and
+/// marked-content IDs are written together. Unsupported operators are refused before any
+/// mutation. On success the caller can use tag-property edits to assign reviewed heading roles.
+pub fn autotag_text(doc: &mut Document) -> Result<AutoTagResult, AutoTagError> {
+    let plans = plan(doc)?;
+    let mut next = doc.clone();
+    let catalog = next.root().ok_or(AutoTagError::NoCatalog)?;
+    let (root, document) = (next.add(Object::Null), next.add(Object::Null));
+    let (mut children, mut numbers, mut tagged_pages, mut paragraphs) = (Vec::new(), Vec::new(), 0usize, 0usize);
+    for page in plans {
+        if page.spans.is_empty() && page.artifacts.is_empty() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let (mut starts, mut ends) = (HashMap::new(), HashSet::new());
+        if !page.spans.is_empty() {
+            let key = i64::try_from(tagged_pages).map_err(|_| AutoTagError::TooManyPages)?;
+            let mut parents = Vec::with_capacity(page.spans.len());
+            for (mcid, (first, last)) in page.spans.iter().enumerate() {
+                let mut element = Dict::new();
+                element.set(b"Type".to_vec(), Object::name("StructElem"));
+                element.set(b"S".to_vec(), Object::name("P"));
+                element.set(b"P".to_vec(), Object::Ref(document));
+                element.set(b"Pg".to_vec(), Object::Ref(page.page));
+                element.set(b"K".to_vec(), Object::Int(i64::try_from(mcid).map_err(|_| AutoTagError::TooManyPages)?));
+                let reference = next.add(element);
+                parents.push(Object::Ref(reference));
+                children.push(Object::Ref(reference));
+                starts.insert(*first, mcid);
+                ends.insert(*last);
+                paragraphs = paragraphs.saturating_add(1);
+            }
+            next.update_dict(page.page, |d| d.set(b"StructParents".to_vec(), Object::Int(key)))?;
+            numbers.extend([Object::Int(key), Object::Array(parents)]);
+            tagged_pages += 1;
+        }
+        let marked = mark_ops(page.ops, &starts, &ends, &page.artifacts)?;
+        let stream = next.add(Stream::flate(Dict::new(), &serialize_ops(&marked)));
+        next.update_dict(page.page, |d| d.set(b"Contents".to_vec(), Object::Ref(stream)))?;
+    }
+    write_structure(&mut next, catalog, root, document, children, numbers, tagged_pages)?;
     *doc = next;
     Ok(AutoTagResult { pages: tagged_pages, paragraphs })
 }
diff --git a/crates/a11y/src/tests.rs b/crates/a11y/src/tests.rs
index 9b994df680..890eb33e9f 100644
--- a/crates/a11y/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/a11y/src/tests.rs
@@ -142,17 +142,120 @@ fn autotag_text_says_why_it_cannot_read_a_page() {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn autotag_text_refuses_paint_and_does_not_modify_the_document() {
+fn autotag_text_marks_vector_graphics_and_images_as_artifacts() {
+    let mut doc = pdf(
+        &[
+            "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>".into(),
+            "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R 7 0 R] /Count 2 >>".into(),
+            "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Contents 4 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F1 5 0 R >> /XObject << /Im1 6 0 R >> >> >>".into(),
+            stream("0 0 200 200 m 200 0 l 200 200 l 0 200 l h f 10 10 50 50 re B BT /F1 12 Tf 20 100 Td (Hello) Tj ET q 20 0 0 20 80 80 cm /Im1 Do Q"),
+            FONT.into(),
+            "<< /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 1 /Height 1 /ColorSpace /DeviceGray /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 1 >>\nstream\n\u{0}\nendstream".into(),
+            "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Contents 8 0 R >>".into(),
+            stream("0 0 100 100 re S"),
+        ],
+        "",
+    );
+    let result = autotag_text(&mut doc).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(result, AutoTagResult { pages: 1, paragraphs: 1 });
+    let report = check(&doc, &Options { rules: [Rule::TaggedPdf, Rule::TaggedContent].into(), pages: None });
+    assert_eq!(status(&report, Rule::TaggedPdf), Status::Passed);
+    assert_eq!(status(&report, Rule::TaggedContent), Status::Passed);
+    let bytes = pdfcraft_cos::write_incremental(&doc, &pdfcraft_cos::SaveOptions::default()).unwrap();
+    let reopened = Document::open(Arc::new(bytes)).unwrap();
+    let reopened_report = check(&reopened, &Options { rules: [Rule::TaggedPdf, Rule::TaggedContent].into(), pages: None });
+    assert_eq!(status(&reopened_report, Rule::TaggedPdf), Status::Passed);
+    assert_eq!(status(&reopened_report, Rule::TaggedContent), Status::Passed);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn autotag_artifacts_wrap_complete_paths_and_leave_unpainted_clips_outside() {
+    let content = "0 0 m 10 0 l 10 10 l h f 0 0 20 20 re W B 0 0 50 50 re W* n /Shade sh BT /F1 12 Tf (Text) Tj ET 3 3 5 5 re S";
     let mut doc = pdf(
         &[
             "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>".into(),
             "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>".into(),
             "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Contents 4 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F1 5 0 R >> >> >>".into(),
-            stream("BT /F1 12 Tf 20 100 Td (Hello) Tj ET 0 0 50 50 re f"),
+            stream(content),
             FONT.into(),
         ],
         "",
     );
+    autotag_text(&mut doc).unwrap();
+    let bytes = pdfcraft_cos::write_incremental(&doc, &pdfcraft_cos::SaveOptions::default()).unwrap();
+    let doc = Document::open(Arc::new(bytes)).unwrap();
+    let page = pdfcraft_model::pages(&doc).remove(0);
+    let content = doc.resolve(page.dict.get(b"Contents").unwrap());
+    let Object::Stream(content) = &*content else { panic!("page stream") };
+    let ops = pdfcraft_content::parse(&content.decoded_strict().unwrap()).ops;
+    let names: Vec<&[u8]> = ops.iter().map(|op| op.op.as_slice()).collect();
+    assert_eq!(
+        names,
+        vec![
+            b"BMC".as_slice(),
+            b"m",
+            b"l",
+            b"l",
+            b"h",
+            b"f",
+            b"EMC",
+            b"BMC",
+            b"re",
+            b"W",
+            b"B",
+            b"EMC",
+            b"re",
+            b"W*",
+            b"n",
+            b"BMC",
+            b"sh",
+            b"EMC",
+            b"BDC",
+            b"BT",
+            b"Tf",
+            b"Tj",
+            b"ET",
+            b"EMC",
+            b"BMC",
+            b"re",
+            b"S",
+            b"EMC",
+        ]
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn autotag_rejects_text_interleaved_with_an_unfinished_path_atomically() {
+    for tail in ["10 10 l S", "n"] {
+        let mut doc = pdf(
+            &[
+                "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>".into(),
+                "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>".into(),
+                "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Contents 4 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F1 5 0 R >> >> >>".into(),
+                stream(&format!("0 0 m BT /F1 12 Tf (Text) Tj ET {tail}")),
+                FONT.into(),
+            ],
+            "",
+        );
+        let before = pdfcraft_cos::write_incremental(&doc, &pdfcraft_cos::SaveOptions::default()).unwrap();
+        assert!(matches!(autotag_text(&mut doc), Err(AutoTagError::Unsupported { .. })));
+        assert_eq!(pdfcraft_cos::write_incremental(&doc, &pdfcraft_cos::SaveOptions::default()).unwrap(), before);
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn autotag_text_refuses_form_xobjects_and_does_not_modify_the_document() {
+    let mut doc = pdf(
+        &[
+            "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>".into(),
+            "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>".into(),
+            "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Contents 4 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F1 5 0 R >> /XObject << /Fm1 6 0 R >> >> >>".into(),
+            stream("BT /F1 12 Tf 20 100 Td (Hello) Tj ET /Fm1 Do"),
+            FONT.into(),
+            "<< /Type /XObject /Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 50 50] /Length 12 >>\nstream\n0 0 10 10 re f\nendstream".into(),
+        ],
+        "",
+    );
     assert!(matches!(autotag_text(&mut doc), Err(AutoTagError::Unsupported { .. })));
     assert!(!doc.get(doc.root().unwrap()).as_dict().unwrap().contains(b"StructTreeRoot"));
     assert_eq!(autotag_text(&mut pdf(&good(), "")), Err(AutoTagError::AlreadyTagged));
diff --git a/crates/automation/src/forms.rs b/crates/automation/src/forms.rs
index 15c8975dd6..98a9985a2a 100644
--- a/crates/automation/src/forms.rs
+++ b/crates/automation/src/forms.rs
@@ -310,8 +310,35 @@ impl Automation {
                             json!((0..f.widgets.len()).filter(|&i| f.widget_on(i)).map(|i| i.saturating_add(1)).collect::<Vec<_>>()),
                         );
                     }
+                    // A check box whose kids have different on states (ISO 32000-2 §12.7.5.2.3):
+                    // which one is ticked, and the names form_fill takes to tick each. One option
+                    // per distinct on state: kids sharing a state tick together (EXAMPLE 2), so
+                    // their `/Opt` exports are not separate choices. Exports name the options
+                    // unless two states share one (Table 230 allows it) or an export would tick
+                    // another state (form_fill reads a name as an on state first); then the
+                    // states do.
+                    FormFieldKind::CheckBox => {
+                        let mut seen = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+                        let states: Vec<&str> = f.widgets.iter().filter_map(|w| w.on_state.as_deref()).filter(|s| seen.insert(*s)).collect();
+                        if states.len() > 1 {
+                            let mut exports = std::collections::HashSet::new();
+                            let by_export = states.iter().all(|s| {
+                                let e = f.export_for_state(s);
+                                exports.insert(e) && f.state_for(e) == Some(*s)
+                            });
+                            let name = |s: &str| if by_export { f.export_for_state(s).to_owned() } else { s.to_owned() };
+                            // The ticked kid is the one whose `/AS` is its on state: §12.7.5.2.3
+                            // makes `/AS` decide where it and `/V` differ.
+                            let on = (0..f.widgets.len()).find(|&i| f.widget_on(i)).and_then(|i| f.widgets.get(i)?.on_state.as_deref());
+                            o.insert("options".into(), json!(states.iter().map(|s| name(s)).collect::<Vec<_>>()));
+                            o.insert("checked".into(), json!(on.map(name)));
+                        }
+                    }
                     FormFieldKind::Combo | FormFieldKind::List => {
                         o.insert("options".into(), f.options.iter().map(|(e, d)| json!({ "value": e, "label": d })).collect());
+                        // The selected options as 1-based positions in `options`: two options can share
+                        // an export value, and `value` alone does not tell them apart.
+                        o.insert("selected".into(), json!(f.selected.iter().map(|i| i.saturating_add(1)).collect::<Vec<_>>()));
                         o.insert("multi_select".into(), json!(f.has(field_flags::MULTI_SELECT)));
                         o.insert("editable".into(), json!(f.has(field_flags::EDIT)));
                     }
diff --git a/crates/automation/src/json.rs b/crates/automation/src/json.rs
index 2bebc30cf3..e6ca95e905 100644
--- a/crates/automation/src/json.rs
+++ b/crates/automation/src/json.rs
@@ -334,6 +334,12 @@ pub(crate) fn info(d: &Document) -> Value {
             "target": link_target(i, &l.target),
         })).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
         "layers": i.layers.iter().map(|l| json!({ "name": l.name, "visible": l.visible, "initial": l.initial })).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        // The Layers panel's rows, the default configuration's /Order (ISO 32000-2 Table 99): a
+        // layer by its 1-based position in `layers`, or a label; `depth` 0 at the top.
+        "layer_order": i.layer_order.iter().map(|r| match &r.item {
+            pdfcraft_render::LayerItem::Layer(n) => json!({ "depth": r.depth, "layer": n.saturating_add(1), "name": i.layers.get(*n).map(|l| l.name.as_str()) }),
+            pdfcraft_render::LayerItem::Label(s) => json!({ "depth": r.depth, "label": s }),
+        }).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
         // Full-screen presentation settings a page carries (ISO 32000-2 §12.4.4): only pages with
         // a `/Trans` or `/Dur` appear; `style` is null for a display time alone.
         "transitions": i.transitions.iter().map(|t| json!({
diff --git a/crates/automation/src/links.rs b/crates/automation/src/links.rs
index 546413f6fc..a6228cc5bc 100644
--- a/crates/automation/src/links.rs
+++ b/crates/automation/src/links.rs
@@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ impl Automation {
 
     pub(crate) fn link_list(&self, a: &Args) -> Result<Value> {
         let doc = self.doc(a)?;
-        let targets: std::collections::HashMap<(usize, usize), &LinkTarget> = doc.info.links.iter().map(|t| ((t.page, t.index), &t.target)).collect();
+        let viewed: std::collections::HashMap<(usize, usize), &pdfcraft_render::Link> =
+            doc.info.links.iter().map(|t| ((t.page, t.index), t)).collect();
         let items: Vec<Value> = doc
             .links()
             .iter()
@@ -85,14 +86,49 @@ impl Automation {
                 // The link's page may be one the viewer could not read (#2660): rect unchanged then.
                 let rect = crate::view_rect(&doc.info, l.page, l.rect.map(|x| x as f32));
                 let mut v = json!({ "page": l.page + 1, "index": l.index + 1, "rect": rect, "visible": l.style.visible });
+                let link = viewed.get(&(l.page, l.index));
+                // Where the link is active when that isn't its whole rect: its /QuadPoints
+                // (ISO 32000-2 Table 176), as the bounding box of each quadrilateral.
+                if let Some(link) = link.filter(|k| !k.quads.is_empty()) {
+                    let areas: Vec<Value> = link
+                        .quads
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|q| {
+                            let (xs, ys) = ([q[0], q[2], q[4], q[6]], [q[1], q[3], q[5], q[7]]);
+                            let fold = |v: [f32; 4], f: fn(f32, f32) -> f32, start: f32| v.into_iter().fold(start, f);
+                            let box_ = [
+                                fold(xs, f32::min, f32::MAX),
+                                fold(ys, f32::min, f32::MAX),
+                                fold(xs, f32::max, f32::MIN),
+                                fold(ys, f32::max, f32::MIN),
+                            ];
+                            json!(crate::view_rect(&doc.info, l.page, box_))
+                        })
+                        .collect();
+                    v["active_areas"] = json!(areas);
+                }
                 // Where an in-document link goes, as the viewer resolves it: named destinations
                 // included, with the position on the page.
-                let target = targets.get(&(l.page, l.index)).and_then(|t| match t {
+                let target = link.and_then(|t| match &t.target {
                     LinkTarget::Page(page, view) => Some((*page, view)),
                     _ => None,
                 });
                 match (&l.action, target) {
-                    (LinkAction::Uri(u), _) => v["url"] = json!(u),
+                    (LinkAction::Uri(u), _) => {
+                        v["url"] = json!(u);
+                        // A relative address, resolved against the catalog's /URI /Base
+                        // (ISO 32000-2 Table 211): what the viewer offers to open. That is the
+                        // address inspection kept, which stays raw once its text budget is spent;
+                        // resolve afresh only for a link inspection did not list.
+                        let opened = match link.map(|t| &t.target) {
+                            Some(LinkTarget::Uri(kept)) => Some(kept.clone()),
+                            Some(_) => None,
+                            None => pdfcraft_render::resolve_uri(doc.info.uri_base.as_deref(), u),
+                        };
+                        if let Some(opened) = opened.filter(|o| o != u) {
+                            v["resolved_url"] = json!(opened);
+                        }
+                    }
                     (action, Some((page, view))) => {
                         v["to_page"] = json!(page + 1);
                         if let Some(d) = doc.info.pages.get(page).and_then(|p| crate::destination(view, p)) {
diff --git a/crates/automation/src/pages.rs b/crates/automation/src/pages.rs
index f9ddec40a3..7bab26e6c1 100644
--- a/crates/automation/src/pages.rs
+++ b/crates/automation/src/pages.rs
@@ -414,6 +414,7 @@ fn render_warning_text(warning: pdfcraft_render::RenderWarning) -> &'static str
     match warning {
         RenderWarning::ContentTruncated => "content past the page's safety budget was skipped",
         RenderWarning::ColourFallback => "a colour that could not be computed was painted in a fallback colour",
+        RenderWarning::MalformedIndexedImage => "an image with a malformed Indexed colour table may be drawn wrongly or not at all",
         RenderWarning::Type3WidthsMissing => "a Type 3 font has no /Widths; its glyphs were spaced by the widths their glyph procedures give",
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/automation/src/redact.rs b/crates/automation/src/redact.rs
index 9e6a8a9668..1ed8fcbde0 100644
--- a/crates/automation/src/redact.rs
+++ b/crates/automation/src/redact.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 use pdfcraft_engine::{
     Edit, HIDDEN, Hidden, NewAnnotation, REDACT_MAX_WORDS, REDACT_VALIDATORS, REDACTION_CODE_SETS, RedactPattern, RedactRegex, RedactValidator,
-    RedactionCodeSet, Shape, Style, find_pattern, rect_quad, redact_word_list,
+    RedactionCodeSet, Shape, Style, find_pattern, rect_quad, redact_word_list, redacted_file_name,
 };
 use serde_json::{Value, json};
 
@@ -218,6 +218,8 @@ impl Automation {
         };
         let id = self.doc(a)?.redaction_identification().unwrap_or_default();
         out["identification"] = json!({ "pdfa": claim(id.pdfa), "pdfua": claim(id.pdfua) });
+        // The name to save the redacted copy under, as Save does in the app.
+        out["save_as"] = json!(redacted_file_name(&self.doc(a)?.name));
         Ok(out)
     }
 
diff --git a/crates/automation/src/tools.rs b/crates/automation/src/tools.rs
index a4519afd7d..303d814d1d 100644
--- a/crates/automation/src/tools.rs
+++ b/crates/automation/src/tools.rs
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ pub fn tools() -> Vec<ToolDef> {
             .cmd("file.open")
             .with(schema(json!({ "path": { "type": "string" }, "password": { "type": "string", "description": "User or owner password for encrypted files." } }), &["path"])),
         t("doc_list", "List open documents", "List the open documents with their ids, page counts and unsaved state.").ro().with(schema(json!({}), &[])),
-        t("doc_info", "Inspect a document", "Metadata, page sizes and labels, bookmarks, annotations, form fields, links, layers, page transitions and display times, the destination it opens at, attachments (and, for a PDF portfolio, the one it presents first), fonts, security, repair notes and the objects that could not be read.")
+        t("doc_info", "Inspect a document", "Metadata, page sizes and labels, bookmarks, annotations, form fields, links, layers and the Layers panel's tree (layer_order), page transitions and display times, the destination it opens at, attachments (and, for a PDF portfolio, the one it presents first), fonts, security, repair notes and the objects that could not be read.")
             .ro()
             .cmd("file.properties")
             .with(schema(json!({ "doc": doc() }), &["doc"])),
@@ -520,13 +520,13 @@ pub fn tools() -> Vec<ToolDef> {
             }),
             &["doc", "from", "to"],
         )),
-        t("form_fields", "List form fields", "Every interactive form field: name, type (text, checkbox, radio, combo, list, button, signature), value, options, page, rect (top-left-origin points) and rotation (0, 90, 180 or 270 degrees counterclockwise), read-only and required flags. A calculated field includes calculate: {op, fields} or {notation} as form_set_props takes them, or {script} for a custom Calculate script (set with form_set_script). Push buttons include caption (first widget's normal label) and captions [{widget, caption}] for all widgets (1-based). Radio groups include on_widgets, the 1-based numbers of the buttons that are on (buttons sharing an option tell apart only there).")
+        t("form_fields", "List form fields", "Every interactive form field: name, type (text, checkbox, radio, combo, list, button, signature), value, options, page, rect (top-left-origin points) and rotation (0, 90, 180 or 270 degrees counterclockwise), read-only and required flags. A calculated field includes calculate: {op, fields} or {notation} as form_set_props takes them, or {script} for a custom Calculate script (set with form_set_script). Push buttons include caption (first widget's normal label) and captions [{widget, caption}] for all widgets (1-based). Radio groups include on_widgets, the 1-based numbers of the buttons that are on (buttons sharing an option tell apart only there). A check box whose widgets have different on states also lists them as options, and which one is checked (null when none). Combo and list boxes include selected: the 1-based positions in options of the selected ones, which tells apart options that share an export value.")
             .ro()
             .with(schema(json!({ "doc": doc() }), &["doc"])),
         t(
             "form_fill",
             "Fill in form fields",
-            "Set several fields at once (one undo step). values maps field names (from form_fields) to: a string for text fields, combo boxes and radio groups (an option), true/false for check boxes, an array of strings for multi-select lists; {\"widget\": n} turns on button n (1-based) of a check box or radio group and never turns it off (to clear, use null for a radio group that allows it, false for a check box); of radio buttons sharing an option only that one is on unless the group has RadiosInUnison. Appearances are regenerated so every viewer shows the values. Thai the field's font can't hold is drawn from PdfCraft's built-in Thai face (a build without one refuses it). Any other value whose characters the field's font can't draw (Chinese in a Helvetica field) is still saved; `warnings` in the result names the field and character: PdfCraft draws `?` there and asks other viewers to redraw the field from its value.",
+            "Set several fields at once (one undo step). values maps field names (from form_fields) to: a string for text fields, combo boxes and radio groups (an option), true/false for check boxes (or one of a check box's options, to check that widget and clear the others), an array of strings for multi-select lists; {\"widget\": n} turns on button n (1-based) of a check box or radio group and never turns it off (to clear, use null for a radio group that allows it, false for a check box); of radio buttons sharing an option only that one is on unless the group has RadiosInUnison. Appearances are regenerated so every viewer shows the values. Thai the field's font can't hold is drawn from PdfCraft's built-in Thai face (a build without one refuses it). Any other value whose characters the field's font can't draw (Chinese in a Helvetica field) is still saved; `warnings` in the result names the field and character: PdfCraft draws `?` there and asks other viewers to redraw the field from its value.",
         )
         .with(schema(json!({ "doc": doc(), "values": { "type": "object", "description": "Field name → value." } }), &["doc", "values"])),
         t("form_reset", "Clear form", "Reset fields to their default values: all of them, or only those listed. Undoable.")
@@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ pub fn tools() -> Vec<ToolDef> {
         t(
             "redact_apply",
             "Apply redactions",
-            "Apply the redaction marks (all, or those on pages): text, images, vectors, comments and form fields under them are removed for good and boxes are drawn in their place. A verification pass fails the operation if anything readable remains. Document metadata (Info entries, the document's and pages' XMP) that repeats the removed text is removed too; when the document XMP goes, identification says what became of its PDF/A and PDF/UA claims (pdfa, pdfua: none, kept when written back in a packet holding only the identification, or lost). still_holding counts the places applying leaves as they are that still hold the removed text: bookmarks (titles), attachments (names, file names, descriptions), comments (text, rich text, subject or author of those that remain) and xmp (XMP on images, fonts, forms, annotations and other objects), with their total; doc_remove_hidden removes them. unsearched: true means the removed text couldn't be searched for, so every such place holding any text is counted. Undoable until saved; the saved file no longer contains the content.",
+            "Apply the redaction marks (all, or those on pages): text, images, vectors, comments and form fields under them are removed for good and boxes are drawn in their place. A verification pass fails the operation if anything readable remains. Document metadata (Info entries, the document's and pages' XMP) that repeats the removed text is removed too; when the document XMP goes, identification says what became of its PDF/A and PDF/UA claims (pdfa, pdfua: none, kept when written back in a packet holding only the identification, or lost). still_holding counts the places applying leaves as they are that still hold the removed text: bookmarks (titles), attachments (names, file names, descriptions), comments (text, rich text, subject or author of those that remain) and xmp (XMP on images, fonts, forms, annotations and other objects), with their total; doc_remove_hidden removes them. unsearched: true means the removed text couldn't be searched for, so every such place holding any text is counted. Undoable until saved; the saved file no longer contains the content. The result's save_as is the document's name with _Redacted before the extension (contract.pdf gives contract_Redacted.pdf; a name that already ends in _Redacted is unchanged); pass it to doc_save as path to save under that name.",
         )
         .destructive()
         .with(schema(json!({ "doc": doc(), "pages": pages("whose marks to apply (default: all)") }), &["doc"])),
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ pub fn tools() -> Vec<ToolDef> {
         t("content_delete", "Delete added content", "Delete an added item (page, index from content_list). Undoable.")
             .destructive()
             .with(schema(json!({ "doc": doc(), "page": { "type": "integer", "minimum": 1 }, "index": { "type": "integer", "minimum": 1 } }), &["doc", "page", "index"])),
-        t("link_list", "List links", "Every link: page, 1-based index (for link_edit/link_delete), rect (points from the top-left of the page), and where it goes (url, or to_page with its zoom). With text_links: true, also the web and email addresses written as plain page text with no link over them, which the viewer opens on a click: page, rects (one per line), url, and blocked (why it won't open) when the link check refuses it. Only http, https and mailto addresses are found. At most 100 pages are read per call, from text_links_from (default 1); text_links_next_page then gives the page to continue from.")
+        t("link_list", "List links", "Every link: page, 1-based index (for link_edit/link_delete), rect (points from the top-left of the page), and where it goes (url, or to_page with its zoom). A relative url also has resolved_url, the address resolved against the document's base URI (catalog /URI /Base); a link active only in its /QuadPoints has active_areas, one rect per quadrilateral. With text_links: true, also the web and email addresses written as plain page text with no link over them, which the viewer opens on a click: page, rects (one per line), url, and blocked (why it won't open) when the link check refuses it. Only http, https and mailto addresses are found. At most 100 pages are read per call, from text_links_from (default 1); text_links_next_page then gives the page to continue from.")
             .ro()
             .with(schema(json!({ "doc": doc(), "text_links": { "type": "boolean" }, "text_links_from": { "type": "integer", "minimum": 1 } }), &["doc"])),
         t("link_open", "Open a linked PDF", "Follow a local GoToR link in PdfCraft: open the referenced PDF as a new document, respecting --root. page and index use link_list numbering. Named destinations are reported but not applied. Absolute file specifications require allow_absolute: true after reviewing the target; relative links need no opt-in.")
diff --git a/crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs b/crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs
index 9af817afec..81417f0327 100644
--- a/crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs
+++ b/crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs
@@ -2263,6 +2263,93 @@ fn text_links_leave_out_addresses_on_hidden_layers() {
     assert_eq!(created["created"], json!(["https://example.com/shown", "https://example.com/layered"]), "{created}");
 }
 
+/// Table 211), and a link with `/QuadPoints` is active only there (§12.5.6.5, Table 176): both as
+/// link_list and doc_info report them.
+#[test]
+fn links_resolve_relative_addresses_and_report_their_quad_points() {
+    let dir = workdir("link-base-quads");
+    let objs: Vec<&str> = vec![
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /URI << /Base (https://example.com/base/) >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /Rect [72 700 300 716] /Border [0 0 0] /A << /S /URI /URI (page.html) >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /Rect [72 670 300 686] /QuadPoints [72 670 120 670 120 686 72 686] /Border [0 0 0] /A << /S /URI /URI (https://example.org/q) >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /Rect [72 640 300 656] /Border [0 0 0] /A << /S /URI /URI (javascript:alert\\(1\\)) >> >>",
+    ];
+    let mut pdf = b"%PDF-1.7\n".to_vec();
+    let mut offsets = Vec::new();
+    for (i, o) in objs.iter().enumerate() {
+        offsets.push(pdf.len());
+        pdf.extend_from_slice(format!("{} 0 obj\n{o}\nendobj\n", i + 1).as_bytes());
+    }
+    let xref = pdf.len();
+    pdf.extend_from_slice(format!("xref\n0 {}\n0000000000 65535 f \n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    for o in offsets {
+        pdf.extend_from_slice(format!("{o:010} 00000 n \n").as_bytes());
+    }
+    pdf.extend_from_slice(format!("trailer\n<< /Size {} /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{xref}\n%%EOF\n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    std::fs::write(dir.join("links.pdf"), pdf).unwrap();
+    let mut a = auto(&dir);
+    let doc = ok(&mut a, "doc_open", json!({ "path": "links.pdf" }))["doc"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    let links = ok(&mut a, "link_list", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+    let [relative, quads, script] = [&links["links"][0], &links["links"][1], &links["links"][2]];
+    assert_eq!(
+        (relative["url"].clone(), relative["resolved_url"].clone()),
+        (json!("page.html"), json!("https://example.com/base/page.html")),
+        "{links}"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(relative.get("active_areas"), None, "{links}");
+    // 792 − 686 = 106 points from the top: only the first word, not the whole rect.
+    assert_eq!(quads["active_areas"], json!([[72.0, 106.0, 120.0, 122.0]]), "{links}");
+    assert_eq!(quads.get("resolved_url"), None, "an absolute address is not resolved");
+    // A base never turns a script into a web address.
+    assert_eq!((script["url"].clone(), script.get("resolved_url")), (json!("javascript:alert(1)"), None), "{links}");
+    let info = ok(&mut a, "doc_info", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+    assert_eq!(info["links"][0]["target"]["uri"], "https://example.com/base/page.html", "{info}");
+}
+
+/// Once inspection's text budget is spent, a relative address stays raw, and the viewer opens it
+/// as written: `link_list` reports that address, not a second resolution against `/URI /Base`.
+#[test]
+fn link_list_reports_the_address_the_viewer_opens_past_the_text_budget() {
+    let dir = workdir("link-base-budget");
+    // Each link spends what the base adds to its address; well past 16 MiB of it in all.
+    let base = format!("https://example.com/{}/", "b".repeat(8000));
+    let count = (16 << 20) / base.len() + 20;
+    let annots = "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /Rect [0 0 10 10] /Border [0 0 0] /A 4 0 R >> ".repeat(count);
+    let catalog = format!("<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /URI << /Base ({base}) >> >>");
+    let page = format!("<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [{annots}] >>");
+    let objs = [catalog.as_str(), "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] >>", page.as_str(), "<< /S /URI /URI (p.html) >>"];
+    let mut pdf = b"%PDF-1.7\n".to_vec();
+    let mut offsets = Vec::new();
+    for (i, o) in objs.iter().enumerate() {
+        offsets.push(pdf.len());
+        pdf.extend_from_slice(format!("{} 0 obj\n{o}\nendobj\n", i + 1).as_bytes());
+    }
+    let xref = pdf.len();
+    pdf.extend_from_slice(format!("xref\n0 {}\n0000000000 65535 f \n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    for o in offsets {
+        pdf.extend_from_slice(format!("{o:010} 00000 n \n").as_bytes());
+    }
+    pdf.extend_from_slice(format!("trailer\n<< /Size {} /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{xref}\n%%EOF\n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    std::fs::write(dir.join("links.pdf"), pdf).unwrap();
+    let mut a = auto(&dir);
+    let doc = ok(&mut a, "doc_open", json!({ "path": "links.pdf" }))["doc"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    let listed = ok(&mut a, "link_list", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+    let links = listed["links"].as_array().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(links.len(), count);
+    let info = ok(&mut a, "doc_info", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+    let opened = info["links"].as_array().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(opened.len(), count);
+    let resolved = format!("{base}p.html");
+    assert_eq!(links[0]["resolved_url"], json!(resolved), "the first links resolve");
+    assert_eq!(opened[0]["target"]["uri"], json!(resolved));
+    // Past the budget the viewer keeps (and opens) the raw address; the listing says so.
+    let last = count - 1;
+    assert_eq!(opened[last]["target"]["uri"], json!("p.html"));
+    assert_eq!((links[last]["url"].clone(), links[last].get("resolved_url")), (json!("p.html"), None));
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn bookmarks_from_structure_through_tools() {
     let dir = workdir("bookmarks-structure");
@@ -3091,6 +3178,113 @@ fn form_fill_picks_one_of_radio_buttons_sharing_an_on_state() {
         assert!(matches!(a.call("form_fill", &json!({ "doc": doc, "values": { "pick": bad } })), Err(ToolError::InvalidArgs(_))), "{bad}");
     }
 }
+
+/// `form_fill` ticks one kid of a check box whose kids have different on states by naming it
+/// (ISO 32000-2 §12.7.5.2.3, Table 230), and `form_fields` lists the names and the ticked one.
+#[test]
+fn form_fill_ticks_one_kid_of_a_check_box_by_its_on_state() {
+    let objs = [
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm 4 0 R >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 400 300] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Fields [5 0 R] /DA (/Helv 0 Tf 0 g) >>",
+        "<< /FT /Btn /T (pair) /V /Off /Kids [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /Parent 5 0 R /AS /Off /Rect [10 250 26 266] /P 3 0 R /AP << /N << /A 8 0 R /Off 8 0 R >> >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /Parent 5 0 R /AS /Off /Rect [40 250 56 266] /P 3 0 R /AP << /N << /B 8 0 R /Off 8 0 R >> >> >>",
+        "<< /Length 0 >>\nstream\n\nendstream",
+    ];
+    let dir = workdir("check-box-kids");
+    std::fs::write(dir.join("form.pdf"), pdf_of(&objs)).unwrap();
+    let mut a = auto(&dir);
+    let doc = ok(&mut a, "doc_open", json!({ "path": "form.pdf" }))["doc"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    let before = ok(&mut a, "form_fields", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+    assert_eq!((&before["fields"][0]["options"], &before["fields"][0]["checked"]), (&json!(["A", "B"]), &Value::Null), "{before}");
+    ok(&mut a, "form_fill", json!({ "doc": doc, "values": { "pair": "A" } }));
+    ok(&mut a, "form_fill", json!({ "doc": doc, "values": { "pair": "B" } }));
+    let after = ok(&mut a, "form_fields", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+    assert_eq!((&after["fields"][0]["value"], &after["fields"][0]["checked"]), (&json!(true), &json!("B")), "{after}");
+    ok(&mut a, "form_fill", json!({ "doc": doc, "values": { "pair": false } }));
+    assert_eq!(ok(&mut a, "form_fields", json!({ "doc": doc }))["fields"][0]["checked"], Value::Null);
+}
+
+/// The options `form_fields` reports fill back through `form_fill` to the kid they name, also
+/// where one kid's `/Opt` export is the other kid's on state: B exports `(A)`, and filling `A`
+/// still ticks the kid whose on state is A (ISO 32000-2 §12.7.5.2.3, Table 230).
+#[test]
+fn form_fill_round_trips_the_reported_options_of_a_check_box_with_a_crossed_export() {
+    let objs = [
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm 4 0 R >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 400 300] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Fields [5 0 R] /DA (/Helv 0 Tf 0 g) >>",
+        "<< /FT /Btn /T (pair) /V /Off /Opt [(x) (A)] /Kids [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /Parent 5 0 R /AS /Off /Rect [10 250 26 266] /P 3 0 R /AP << /N << /A 8 0 R /Off 8 0 R >> >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /Parent 5 0 R /AS /Off /Rect [40 250 56 266] /P 3 0 R /AP << /N << /B 8 0 R /Off 8 0 R >> >> >>",
+        "<< /Length 0 >>
+stream
+
+endstream",
+    ];
+    let dir = workdir("check-box-crossed-export-fill");
+    std::fs::write(dir.join("form.pdf"), pdf_of(&objs)).unwrap();
+    let mut a = auto(&dir);
+    let doc = ok(&mut a, "doc_open", json!({ "path": "form.pdf" }))["doc"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    let before = ok(&mut a, "form_fields", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+    let options = before["fields"][0]["options"].clone();
+    assert_eq!(options, json!(["A", "B"]), "{before}");
+    for option in ["A", "B"] {
+        ok(&mut a, "form_fill", json!({ "doc": doc, "values": { "pair": option } }));
+        let after = ok(&mut a, "form_fields", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+        assert_eq!(after["fields"][0]["checked"], json!(option), "filling {option}: {after}");
+    }
+}
+
+/// `form_fields` on a check box's kids: one option per distinct on state, named by its `/Opt`
+/// export unless two states share one, and `checked` follows the kid whose `/AS` is on, which
+/// ISO 32000-2 §12.7.5.2.3 makes decide where `/AS` and `/V` differ.
+#[test]
+fn form_fields_lists_a_check_box_by_on_state_and_reports_the_kid_that_is_on() {
+    // Each kid is (on state, /AS).
+    let listed = |name: &str, field: &str, (sa, asa): (&str, &str), (sb, asb): (&str, &str)| {
+        let kid = |on: &str, state: &str, x: u32| {
+            format!(
+                "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /Parent 5 0 R /AS /{state} /Rect [{x} 250 {} 266] /P 3 0 R /AP << /N << /{on} 8 0 R /Off 8 0 R >> >> >>",
+                x + 16
+            )
+        };
+        let (wa, wb) = (kid(sa, asa, 10), kid(sb, asb, 40));
+        let objs = [
+            "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm 4 0 R >>",
+            "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 400 300] >>",
+            "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>",
+            "<< /Fields [5 0 R] /DA (/Helv 0 Tf 0 g) >>",
+            field,
+            &wa,
+            &wb,
+            "<< /Length 0 >>\nstream\n\nendstream",
+        ];
+        let dir = workdir(name);
+        std::fs::write(dir.join("form.pdf"), pdf_of(&objs)).unwrap();
+        let mut a = auto(&dir);
+        let doc = ok(&mut a, "doc_open", json!({ "path": "form.pdf" }))["doc"].as_u64().unwrap();
+        let r = ok(&mut a, "form_fields", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+        (r["fields"][0]["options"].clone(), r["fields"][0]["checked"].clone())
+    };
+    // Kids sharing the on state Yes tick together, whatever their exports: not two options.
+    let shared =
+        listed("check-box-shared-state", "<< /FT /Btn /T (pair) /V /Off /Opt [(x) (y)] /Kids [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>", ("Yes", "Off"), ("Yes", "Off"));
+    assert_eq!(shared, (Value::Null, Value::Null));
+    // /V names B, but A's /AS is on: A is the one ticked.
+    let differ = listed("check-box-as-wins", "<< /FT /Btn /T (pair) /V /B /Kids [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>", ("A", "A"), ("B", "Off"));
+    assert_eq!(differ, (json!(["A", "B"]), json!("A")));
+    // Two on states with one export: the states name the options.
+    let same = listed("check-box-same-export", "<< /FT /Btn /T (pair) /V /B /Opt [(x) (x)] /Kids [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>", ("A", "Off"), ("B", "B"));
+    assert_eq!(same, (json!(["A", "B"]), json!("B")));
+    // B's export is A's on state, so naming it would tick A: the states name the options.
+    let crossed = listed("check-box-crossed-export", "<< /FT /Btn /T (pair) /V /B /Opt [(x) (A)] /Kids [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>", ("A", "Off"), ("B", "B"));
+    assert_eq!(crossed, (json!(["A", "B"]), json!("B")));
+}
+
 /// A form whose fields are only page widgets (the `/Fields` list is empty) still lists, fills and
 /// resets through the tools, and the leniency shows up as a repair note.
 #[test]
@@ -5225,6 +5419,28 @@ fn redact_apply_reports_the_identification_written_back() {
     );
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn applying_redactions_proposes_the_name_with_redacted() {
+    let dir = workdir("redact-save-as");
+    std::fs::write(dir.join("memo.txt"), "Call 555-123-4567 today").unwrap();
+    let mut a = auto(&dir);
+    let made = ok(&mut a, "doc_create", json!({ "from": "text", "path": "memo.txt" }))["doc"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    ok(&mut a, "doc_save", json!({ "doc": made, "path": "contract.pdf" }));
+    let original = std::fs::read(dir.join("contract.pdf")).unwrap();
+    let doc = ok(&mut a, "doc_open", json!({ "path": "contract.pdf" }))["doc"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    ok(&mut a, "redact_mark", json!({ "doc": doc, "pattern": "phone" }));
+    let r = ok(&mut a, "redact_apply", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+    assert_eq!(r["save_as"], "contract_Redacted.pdf");
+    ok(&mut a, "doc_save", json!({ "doc": doc, "path": r["save_as"] }));
+    assert_eq!(std::fs::read(dir.join("contract.pdf")).unwrap(), original, "the opened file is left as it was");
+    let bytes = std::fs::read(dir.join("contract_Redacted.pdf")).unwrap();
+    assert!(!bytes.windows(4).any(|w| w == b"4567"), "the copy has no trace of the number");
+    // Redacting the redacted copy again proposes the same name, with one suffix.
+    let copy = ok(&mut a, "doc_open", json!({ "path": "contract_Redacted.pdf" }))["doc"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    ok(&mut a, "redact_mark", json!({ "doc": copy, "find": "today" }));
+    assert_eq!(ok(&mut a, "redact_apply", json!({ "doc": copy }))["save_as"], "contract_Redacted.pdf");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn redacting_with_a_caller_regex_through_tools() {
     let dir = workdir("redact-regex");
@@ -10039,6 +10255,38 @@ fn doc_info_describes_set_layer_links() {
         })
     );
     assert_eq!(info["layers"], json!([{ "name": "Red", "visible": true, "initial": true }, { "name": "Green", "visible": false, "initial": false }]));
+    // No /Order: the Layers panel presents none (ISO 32000-2 Table 99), though both are layers.
+    assert_eq!(info["layer_order"], json!([]));
+}
+
+/// `doc_info`'s `layer_order` follows the default configuration's /Order (ISO 32000-2 Table 99):
+/// a group by its 1-based position in `layers` and its name, a nested array one level deeper,
+/// a label that starts one, and a group /Order does not list left out.
+#[test]
+fn doc_info_lists_the_layer_order_tree() {
+    let dir = workdir("layer-order");
+    let pdf = pdf_of(&[
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /OCProperties << /OCGs [4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R] /D << /Order [6 0 R [(Inks) 4 0 R [5 0 R]]] >> >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] >>",
+        "<< /Type /OCG /Name (Red) >>",
+        "<< /Type /OCG /Name (Green) >>",
+        "<< /Type /OCG /Name (Blue) >>",
+        "<< /Type /OCG /Name (Unlisted) >>",
+    ]);
+    std::fs::write(dir.join("order.pdf"), pdf).unwrap();
+    let mut a = auto(&dir);
+    let doc = ok(&mut a, "doc_open", json!({ "path": "order.pdf" }))["doc"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    let info = ok(&mut a, "doc_info", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+    assert_eq!(
+        info["layer_order"],
+        json!([
+            { "depth": 0, "layer": 3, "name": "Blue" },
+            { "depth": 0, "label": "Inks" },
+            { "depth": 1, "layer": 1, "name": "Red" },
+            { "depth": 2, "layer": 2, "name": "Green" },
+        ])
+    );
 }
 
 mod close_argument_tests {
diff --git a/crates/automation/tests/it/find_text.rs b/crates/automation/tests/it/find_text.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ba2441305
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/automation/tests/it/find_text.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+//! `text_find` on a ligature glyph named in the encoding and on a word divided by a hyphen at a
+//! line end.
+
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use pdfcraft_automation::{Automation, Content};
+use serde_json::{Value, json};
+
+/// A fresh directory for one test.
+fn tmp(name: &str) -> PathBuf {
+    let d = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-find-text-{}-{name}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&d);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&d).unwrap();
+    d
+}
+
+fn ok(a: &mut Automation, tool: &str, args: Value) -> Value {
+    match a.call(tool, &args) {
+        Ok(mut c) => match c.remove(0) {
+            Content::Json(v) => v,
+            other => panic!("{tool}: expected JSON, got {other:?}"),
+        },
+        Err(e) => panic!("{tool} {args}: {e}"),
+    }
+}
+
+/// One page: `of<fi>ce` in a Helvetica whose code 128 is named `/fi`, and `exam-` at the end of
+/// one line with `ple` starting the next.
+fn find_pdf() -> Vec<u8> {
+    let body = "BT /F2 14 Tf 90 700 Td (of\\200ce) Tj ET\nBT /F1 14 Tf 90 650 Td (exam-) Tj 0 -16 Td (ple) Tj ET\n";
+    let objs = [
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>".to_string(),
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>".to_string(),
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F1 5 0 R /F2 6 0 R >> >> >>".to_string(),
+        format!("<< /Length {} >>\nstream\n{body}\nendstream", body.len()),
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >>".to_string(),
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding << /Type /Encoding /BaseEncoding /WinAnsiEncoding /Differences [128 /fi] >> >>"
+            .to_string(),
+    ];
+    let mut out = b"%PDF-1.7\n".to_vec();
+    let mut offsets = Vec::new();
+    for (i, o) in objs.iter().enumerate() {
+        offsets.push(out.len());
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{} 0 obj\n{o}\nendobj\n", i + 1).as_bytes());
+    }
+    let xref = out.len();
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("xref\n0 {}\n0000000000 65535 f \n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    for o in offsets {
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{o:010} 00000 n \n").as_bytes());
+    }
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("trailer\n<< /Size {} /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{xref}\n%%EOF\n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    out
+}
+
+/// "office" finds the ligature, and "example" both halves of the divided word, highlighted line by
+/// line; the hyphenated form is still found as written.
+#[test]
+fn text_find_matches_ligatures_and_words_divided_at_a_line_end() {
+    let dir = tmp("forms");
+    std::fs::write(dir.join("find.pdf"), find_pdf()).unwrap();
+    let mut a = Automation::new().with_root(&dir).unwrap();
+    let doc = ok(&mut a, "doc_open", json!({ "path": "find.pdf" }))["doc"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    let find = |a: &mut Automation, q: &str| ok(a, "text_find", json!({ "doc": doc, "query": q }));
+
+    let office = find(&mut a, "office");
+    assert_eq!(office["count"], 1, "{office}");
+    let rects = office["matches"][0]["rects"].as_array().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(rects.len(), 1);
+    assert!((rects[0][0].as_f64().unwrap() - 90.0).abs() < 0.5, "from the left edge of the o: {rects:?}");
+
+    let example = find(&mut a, "example");
+    assert_eq!(example["count"], 1, "{example}");
+    assert_eq!(example["matches"][0]["text"], "exam-\nple");
+    let rects = example["matches"][0]["rects"].as_array().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(rects.len(), 2, "one highlight on each line: {rects:?}");
+    let top = |k: usize| rects[k][1].as_f64().unwrap();
+    assert!(top(1) > top(0) + 10.0, "the second on the next line down: {rects:?}");
+
+    for q in ["exam-ple", "Exam- ple", "exam-"] {
+        assert_eq!(find(&mut a, q)["count"], 1, "{q}");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(find(&mut a, "examples")["count"], 0);
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
diff --git a/crates/automation/tests/it/list_selection.rs b/crates/automation/tests/it/list_selection.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c2dc041ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/automation/tests/it/list_selection.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+//! Which options a list box has selected, through the tool table (ISO 32000-2 Table 234, `/I`).
+
+use pdfcraft_automation::{Automation, Content};
+use serde_json::{Value, json};
+
+fn tool(a: &mut Automation, name: &str, args: Value) -> Value {
+    match a.call(name, &args).unwrap().remove(0) {
+        Content::Json(value) => value,
+        other => panic!("expected JSON: {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+/// A PDF of the given objects (numbered from 1).
+fn pdf_of(objs: &[&str]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut out = b"%PDF-1.7\n".to_vec();
+    let mut offsets = Vec::new();
+    for (i, o) in objs.iter().enumerate() {
+        offsets.push(out.len());
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{} 0 obj\n{o}\nendobj\n", i + 1).as_bytes());
+    }
+    let xref = out.len();
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("xref\n0 {}\n0000000000 65535 f \n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    for o in offsets {
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{o:010} 00000 n \n").as_bytes());
+    }
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("trailer\n<< /Size {} /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{xref}\n%%EOF\n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    out
+}
+
+fn open(test: &str) -> (Automation, u64, std::path::PathBuf) {
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-list-selection-{test}-{}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let bytes = pdf_of(&[
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm << /Fields [4 0 R 6 0 R] /NeedAppearances true /DA (/Helv 10 Tf 0 g) /DR << /Font << /Helv 5 0 R >> >> >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 400 400] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [4 0 R 6 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (D_dup) /Opt [[(1) (One-A)] [(1) (One-B)] [(2) (Two)]] /V (1) /I [1] /Rect [50 250 200 320] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >>",
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (H_twovals) /Opt [[(TW) (Taiwan)] [(JP) (Japan)] [(US) (United States)]] /V [(TW) (JP)] /Rect [50 150 200 220] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >>",
+    ]);
+    std::fs::write(dir.join("choice.pdf"), bytes).unwrap();
+    let mut a = Automation::new().with_root(&dir).unwrap();
+    let id = tool(&mut a, "doc_open", json!({ "path": "choice.pdf" }))["doc"].as_u64().unwrap();
+    (a, id, dir)
+}
+
+fn field(a: &mut Automation, doc: u64, name: &str) -> Value {
+    let all = tool(a, "form_fields", json!({ "doc": doc }));
+    all["fields"].as_array().unwrap().iter().find(|f| f["name"] == name).unwrap().clone()
+}
+
+/// Two options share the export value `1`: `selected` says which one `/I` picks, and filling the
+/// field with an option's label picks that option.
+#[test]
+fn form_fields_reports_which_of_two_options_with_one_export_value_is_selected() {
+    let (mut a, doc, dir) = open("dup");
+    let d = field(&mut a, doc, "D_dup");
+    assert_eq!(d["value"], "1");
+    assert_eq!(d["selected"], json!([2]), "One-B, the second option: {d}");
+    tool(&mut a, "form_fill", json!({ "doc": doc, "values": { "D_dup": "One-A" } }));
+    let d = field(&mut a, doc, "D_dup");
+    assert_eq!((d["value"].clone(), d["selected"].clone()), (json!("1"), json!([1])), "{d}");
+    tool(&mut a, "form_fill", json!({ "doc": doc, "values": { "D_dup": "One-B" } }));
+    let d = field(&mut a, doc, "D_dup");
+    assert_eq!(d["selected"], json!([2]));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
+
+/// A list box without MultiSelect given `/V [(TW) (JP)]` reports Taiwan alone (ISO 32000-2
+/// Table 233: "at most one item shall be selected"), and filling it writes one value.
+#[test]
+fn form_fields_reports_one_value_for_a_single_select_list_given_two() {
+    let (mut a, doc, dir) = open("twovals");
+    let h = field(&mut a, doc, "H_twovals");
+    assert_eq!((h["value"].clone(), h["selected"].clone()), (json!("TW"), json!([1])), "{h}");
+    tool(&mut a, "form_fill", json!({ "doc": doc, "values": { "H_twovals": "United States" } }));
+    let h = field(&mut a, doc, "H_twovals");
+    assert_eq!((h["value"].clone(), h["selected"].clone()), (json!("US"), json!([3])), "{h}");
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
diff --git a/crates/automation/tests/it/main.rs b/crates/automation/tests/it/main.rs
index c1537434d0..cdb072a888 100644
--- a/crates/automation/tests/it/main.rs
+++ b/crates/automation/tests/it/main.rs
@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@ mod batch;
 mod batch_failures;
 mod batch_secrets;
 mod button_caption;
+mod find_text;
 mod form_bulk;
 mod hostile_args;
+mod list_selection;
 mod model_3d;
 mod model_render;
 mod optimize_content_boundaries;
diff --git a/crates/automation/tests/it/render_warnings.rs b/crates/automation/tests/it/render_warnings.rs
index ff50c11e16..013c287d5d 100644
--- a/crates/automation/tests/it/render_warnings.rs
+++ b/crates/automation/tests/it/render_warnings.rs
@@ -96,6 +96,33 @@ fn a_clean_page_renders_to_the_png_alone() {
     let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(dir);
 }
 
+/// An image whose Indexed lookup table is too short (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3) is drawn recovered, and
+/// `page_render` says so in the words `pdfcraft-cli render` prints.
+#[test]
+fn page_render_reports_a_recovered_malformed_indexed_image() {
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-render-warnings-indexed-{}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let content = "q 200 0 0 200 0 0 cm /Im Do Q";
+    // hival 7 over DeviceRGB needs 24 bytes; the table holds 6.
+    let pdf = format!(
+        "%PDF-1.7\n1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >> endobj\n\
+         2 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >> endobj\n\
+         3 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Resources << /XObject << /Im 5 0 R >> >> /Contents 4 0 R >> endobj\n\
+         4 0 obj << /Length {} >> stream\n{content}\nendstream endobj\n\
+         5 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 2 /Height 1 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace [/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 <FF0000 00FF00>] /Filter /ASCIIHexDecode /Length 5 >> stream\n0001>\nendstream endobj\n\
+         trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>\n%%EOF",
+        content.len()
+    );
+    std::fs::write(dir.join("indexed.pdf"), pdf).unwrap();
+    let mut a = Automation::new().with_root(&dir).unwrap();
+    let doc = open(&mut a, "indexed.pdf");
+    let out = a.call("page_render", &json!({ "doc": doc, "page": 1, "dpi": 72 })).unwrap();
+    let Some(Content::Json(report)) = out.get(1) else { panic!("expected the warnings as JSON: {out:?}") };
+    assert_eq!(report["warnings"], json!(["an image with a malformed Indexed colour table may be drawn wrongly or not at all"]));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(dir);
+}
+
 /// Over MCP the warnings are a text block after the image and the call's `structuredContent`.
 #[cfg(feature = "mcp")]
 #[test]
diff --git a/crates/edit/src/tests.rs b/crates/edit/src/tests.rs
index 86be055410..d56240ee87 100644
--- a/crates/edit/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/edit/src/tests.rs
@@ -6844,6 +6844,142 @@ fn reading_follows_forms_however_their_resources_are_stored() {
     }
 }
 
+/// #3503: a form XObject's `/BBox` clips its content, so text drawn outside it is not shown and
+/// should not be read either -- matching the renderer, which already honours the clip.
+#[test]
+fn form_bbox_clips_text_from_reading() {
+    let page = stream("", "/Fm Do");
+    let fm = stream(
+        "/Type /XObject /Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 50 50] /Resources << /Font << /F1 6 0 R >> >>",
+        "BT /F1 12 Tf 5 5 Td (INSIDE) Tj ET BT /F1 12 Tf 100 100 Td (OUTSIDE) Tj ET",
+    );
+    let doc = build(&[
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Resources << /XObject << /Fm 5 0 R >> >> /Contents 4 0 R >>",
+        &page,
+        &fm,
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica >>",
+    ]);
+    let texts: Vec<String> = text::reading_blocks(&doc, 0).unwrap().into_iter().map(|b| b.text).collect();
+    assert_eq!(texts, ["INSIDE"]);
+}
+
+/// #3503: a page's own `re`/`W`/`n` clip (not a form's `/BBox`) hides text outside it the same
+/// way, and `Q` lifts it again -- the clip is scoped to its `q`/`Q` like the rest of the graphics
+/// state, not a one-way switch.
+#[test]
+fn page_re_w_n_clip_hides_text_from_reading_until_q() {
+    let page = stream(
+        "",
+        "q 0 0 50 50 re W n BT /F1 12 Tf 5 5 Td (INSIDE) Tj ET BT /F1 12 Tf 100 100 Td (HIDDEN) Tj ET Q BT /F1 12 Tf 100 100 Td (AFTER) Tj ET",
+    );
+    let doc = build(&[
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Resources << /Font << /F1 5 0 R >> >> /Contents 4 0 R >>",
+        &page,
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica >>",
+    ]);
+    let texts: Vec<String> = text::reading_blocks(&doc, 0).unwrap().into_iter().map(|b| b.text).collect();
+    assert_eq!(texts, ["INSIDE", "AFTER"]);
+}
+
+/// The text `reading_blocks` reads on a 400 × 400 pt page drawing `content` with Helvetica as
+/// `/F1`, and forms `/Fa` and `/Fb` (objects 6 and 7) with the given dictionary entries and content.
+fn read_clipped(content: &str, forms: [(&str, &str); 2]) -> Vec<String> {
+    let font = "/Font << /F1 5 0 R >>";
+    let resources = format!("<< {font} /XObject << /Fa 6 0 R /Fb 7 0 R >> >>");
+    let form = |(dict, body): (&str, &str)| stream(&format!("/Type /XObject /Subtype /Form {dict} /Resources {resources}"), body);
+    let doc = build(&[
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>",
+        &format!("<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 400 400] /Resources {resources} /Contents 4 0 R >>"),
+        &stream("", content),
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica >>",
+        &form(forms[0]),
+        &form(forms[1]),
+    ]);
+    text::reading_blocks(&doc, 0).unwrap().into_iter().map(|b| b.text).collect()
+}
+
+/// #5075 review: a `/BBox` with anything but four numbers is no bound. Reading the numbers it
+/// happens to hold (`[0 /Bad 0 50 50]` as `[0 0 50 50]`) invented a clip and hid real text.
+#[test]
+fn a_malformed_form_bbox_clips_nothing() {
+    let body = "BT /F1 12 Tf 5 5 Td (INSIDE) Tj ET BT /F1 12 Tf 100 100 Td (OUTSIDE) Tj ET";
+    for bbox in ["[0 /Bad 0 50 50]", "[0 0 50]", "[0 0 50 50 60]", "[0 (x) 50 50]"] {
+        let texts = read_clipped("/Fa Do", [(&format!("/BBox {bbox}"), body), ("", "")]);
+        assert_eq!(texts, ["INSIDE", "OUTSIDE"], "/BBox {bbox}");
+    }
+}
+
+/// #5075 review: a clipping path of several rectangles clips to all of them, not to the last one
+/// drawn (text seen through the first rectangle was hidden), and not to the box around them
+/// either (text in the gap between them was read, though nothing of it shows).
+#[test]
+fn a_clip_of_several_rectangles_keeps_text_in_each() {
+    let content = "q 0 0 50 50 re 100 100 50 50 re W n BT /F1 12 Tf 5 5 Td (FIRST) Tj ET BT /F1 12 Tf 105 105 Td (SECOND) Tj ET \
+                   BT /F1 12 Tf 60 60 Td (GAP) Tj ET BT /F1 12 Tf 300 300 Td (OUTSIDE) Tj ET Q";
+    assert_eq!(read_clipped(content, [("", ""), ("", "")]), ["FIRST", "SECOND"]);
+}
+
+/// #5075 review: a form's `/BBox` clips however thin it is and wherever its matrix puts it. A box
+/// one point by 1e-10 was taken for no box (its area fell under a fixed threshold), and one moved
+/// 1e12 points away lost its area to rounding; either way the text outside it was read.
+#[test]
+fn a_thin_or_far_off_form_bbox_still_clips() {
+    let after = "BT /F1 12 Tf 5 300 Td (AFTER) Tj ET";
+    let body = "BT /F1 12 Tf 5 5 Td (INSIDE) Tj ET BT /F1 12 Tf 300 300 Td (OUTSIDE) Tj ET";
+    let sorted = |mut v: Vec<String>| {
+        v.sort();
+        v
+    };
+    let thin = read_clipped(&format!("/Fa Do {after}"), [("/BBox [0 0 1 1e-10]", body), ("", "")]);
+    assert_eq!(thin, ["AFTER"], "a thin /BBox");
+    let far = read_clipped(&format!("/Fa Do {after}"), [("/Matrix [1 0 0 1 1e12 1e12] /BBox [0 0 100 100]", body), ("", "")]);
+    assert_eq!(sorted(far), ["AFTER", "INSIDE"], "a /BBox 1e12 points away");
+}
+
+/// #5075 review: a clip of no area has no inside, so nothing drawn under it shows (ISO 32000-2
+/// §8.5.4). It was taken for no clip at all, and everything under it was read.
+#[test]
+fn a_clip_of_no_area_shows_nothing() {
+    let content = "q 0 0 100 0 re W n BT /F1 12 Tf 5 5 Td (HIDDEN) Tj ET Q BT /F1 12 Tf 5 300 Td (AFTER) Tj ET";
+    assert_eq!(read_clipped(content, [("", ""), ("", "")]), ["AFTER"]);
+}
+
+/// #5075 review: what shows is the intersection of every clip in force. A long run that crosses a
+/// page clip and, apart from it, a form's `/BBox` overlaps each of them but shows in neither, as it
+/// does not when one form's `/BBox` lies apart from the one of the form it is drawn in.
+#[test]
+fn disjoint_clips_show_nothing_between_them() {
+    let run = "BT /F1 12 Tf 5 10 Td (AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA) Tj ET";
+    let after = "BT /F1 12 Tf 5 300 Td (AFTER) Tj ET";
+    // A page clip and a form's `/BBox` side by side.
+    let page_clip = format!("q 0 0 50 50 re W n /Fa Do Q {after}");
+    assert_eq!(read_clipped(&page_clip, [("/BBox [100 0 150 50]", run), ("", "")]), ["AFTER"]);
+    // A form's `/BBox` and the `/BBox` of the form inside it, side by side.
+    let nested = format!("/Fa Do {after}");
+    assert_eq!(read_clipped(&nested, [("/BBox [0 0 50 50]", "/Fb Do"), ("/BBox [100 0 150 50]", run)]), ["AFTER"]);
+}
+
+/// #5075 review: a clip turned with its matrix keeps its turned shape. Its upright bounding box
+/// takes in corners it does not cover, and text there was read although it is clipped away.
+#[test]
+fn a_turned_clip_hides_text_in_the_corners_of_its_bounding_box() {
+    // A 100 pt square turned 45° about (200, 0): a diamond with its lower corner at (200, 0).
+    // Undone straight after the clip, so the text is drawn upright on the page.
+    let (turn, undo) =
+        ("0.70710678 0.70710678 -0.70710678 0.70710678 200 0 cm", "0.70710678 -0.70710678 0.70710678 0.70710678 -141.421356 141.421356 cm");
+    let texts = "BT /F1 6 Tf 132 3 Td (CORNER) Tj ET BT /F1 6 Tf 195 65 Td (CENTRE) Tj ET";
+    let page_clip = format!("q {turn} 0 0 100 100 re W n {undo} {texts} Q");
+    assert_eq!(read_clipped(&page_clip, [("", ""), ("", "")]), ["CENTRE"], "a turned page clip");
+    // The same diamond as a form's `/BBox`, under its `/Matrix`.
+    let matrix = "/Matrix [0.70710678 0.70710678 -0.70710678 0.70710678 200 0] /BBox [0 0 100 100]";
+    assert_eq!(read_clipped("/Fa Do", [(matrix, &format!("{undo} {texts}")), ("", "")]), ["CENTRE"], "a turned form /BBox");
+}
+
 /// A chain of forms, each drawing the next twenty times, twelve deep: within the depth cap but
 /// 20^11 visits without a budget. Reading stops at the page's visit budget instead of hanging.
 #[test]
@@ -6958,24 +7094,28 @@ fn forms_that_fan_out_a_hundred_ways_stop_quickly_and_say_so() {
 
 /// Forms that draw themselves or each other, have no resources, a malformed matrix, or are
 /// missing are read once (or skipped) without panicking or looping.
+///
+/// `/BBox [0 0 20 420]` is wide enough to hold every form's own text below (#3503 clips a form's
+/// content to its `/BBox`; this test is about the loop and resource handling, not clipping).
 #[test]
 fn hostile_form_xobjects_are_read_once() {
     let page = stream("", "/Loop Do /A Do /NoRes Do /Bad Do /Missing Do /F1 Do");
     let font = "/Font << /F1 5 0 R >>";
     let lp = stream(
-        &format!("/Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 9 9] /Resources << {font} /XObject << /Loop 6 0 R >> >>"),
+        &format!("/Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 20 420] /Resources << {font} /XObject << /Loop 6 0 R >> >>"),
         "/Loop Do BT /F1 10 Tf 10 10 Td (once) Tj ET",
     );
     let a = stream(
-        &format!("/Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 9 9] /Resources << {font} /XObject << /B 8 0 R >> >>"),
+        &format!("/Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 20 420] /Resources << {font} /XObject << /B 8 0 R >> >>"),
         "/B Do BT /F1 10 Tf 10 100 Td (from a) Tj ET",
     );
     let b = stream(
-        &format!("/Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 9 9] /Resources << {font} /XObject << /A 7 0 R >> >>"),
+        &format!("/Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 20 420] /Resources << {font} /XObject << /A 7 0 R >> >>"),
         "/A Do BT /F1 10 Tf 10 200 Td (from b) Tj ET",
     );
-    let nores = stream("/Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 9 9]", "BT /F1 10 Tf 10 300 Td (inherited) Tj ET");
-    let bad = stream(&format!("/Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 9 9] /Matrix [1 0 0] /Resources << {font} >>"), "BT /F1 10 Tf 10 400 Td (bad matrix) Tj ET");
+    let nores = stream("/Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 20 420]", "BT /F1 10 Tf 10 300 Td (inherited) Tj ET");
+    let bad =
+        stream(&format!("/Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 20 420] /Matrix [1 0 0] /Resources << {font} >>"), "BT /F1 10 Tf 10 400 Td (bad matrix) Tj ET");
     let doc = build(&[
         "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>",
         "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>",
diff --git a/crates/edit/src/text.rs b/crates/edit/src/text.rs
index 2dbf302685..ada90d8484 100644
--- a/crates/edit/src/text.rs
+++ b/crates/edit/src/text.rs
@@ -155,6 +155,66 @@ impl TextLine {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
+    /// The clip regions reading uses (#3503): intersected regions keep only what both cover,
+    /// regions apart leave nothing, turned ones keep their shape, and touching is not showing.
+    #[test]
+    fn clip_regions_intersect_and_show_what_they_cover() {
+        use interp::{intersect, region, shows};
+        let square = |x: f64, y: f64| region(&Matrix::IDENTITY, [x, y, x + 10.0, y + 10.0]).unwrap();
+        let area = |p: &[[f64; 2]]| p.iter().zip(p.iter().cycle().skip(1)).map(|(a, b)| a[0] * b[1] - b[0] * a[1]).sum::<f64>().abs() / 2.0;
+        // Squares overlapping by half each way share a quarter.
+        let both = intersect(&square(0.0, 0.0), &square(5.0, 5.0));
+        assert!((area(&both) - 25.0).abs() < 1e-9, "{both:?}");
+        assert!(shows([6.0, 6.0, 7.0, 7.0], &both) && !shows([1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0], &both));
+        // Squares apart share nothing, so nothing shows, not even a box across both.
+        let none = intersect(&square(0.0, 0.0), &square(20.0, 0.0));
+        assert!(!shows([-100.0, -100.0, 100.0, 100.0], &none), "{none:?}");
+        // Squares that meet only along an edge share no area either: a box across that edge
+        // does not show (#5075 review).
+        let edge = intersect(&square(0.0, 0.0), &square(10.0, 0.0));
+        assert!(!shows([8.0, 2.0, 12.0, 4.0], &edge), "{edge:?}");
+        // Nothing intersected with anything is nothing, whichever side it is on.
+        assert!(!shows([1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0], &intersect(&square(0.0, 0.0), &Vec::new())));
+        assert!(!shows([1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0], &intersect(&Vec::new(), &square(0.0, 0.0))));
+        // A box touching an edge shares no area; one a hair inside does.
+        assert!(!shows([10.0, 0.0, 12.0, 5.0], &square(0.0, 0.0)));
+        assert!(shows([9.99, 0.0, 12.0, 5.0], &square(0.0, 0.0)));
+        // A square turned 45° keeps its diamond shape: a box in the corner of its bounding box is
+        // outside it, the centre is inside.
+        let c = std::f64::consts::FRAC_1_SQRT_2;
+        let diamond = region(&Matrix([c, c, -c, c, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0]).unwrap();
+        assert!(!shows([-7.0, 0.0, -6.5, 0.5], &diamond) && shows([-0.5, 6.5, 0.5, 7.5], &diamond));
+        // A corner repeated (an edge of no length) does not hide what the region covers.
+        let doubled = vec![[0.0, 0.0], [10.0, 0.0], [10.0, 0.0], [10.0, 10.0], [0.0, 10.0]];
+        assert!(shows([4.0, 4.0, 6.0, 6.0], &doubled));
+        // A rectangle of no area is a region that covers nothing; a corner that isn't finite
+        // gives no region to clip with at all.
+        let flat = region(&Matrix::IDENTITY, [0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 0.0]).unwrap();
+        assert!(!shows([-100.0, -100.0, 100.0, 100.0], &flat), "{flat:?}");
+        assert!(region(&Matrix::IDENTITY, [0.0, 0.0, f64::INFINITY, 10.0]).is_none());
+        // However thin, a rectangle with area keeps it, and so does one far from the origin.
+        let thin = region(&Matrix::IDENTITY, [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1e-10]).unwrap();
+        assert!(shows([0.25, 0.0, 0.75, 1.0], &thin) && !shows([0.25, 1.0, 0.75, 2.0], &thin));
+        let far = region(&Matrix([1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1e12, 1e12]), [0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0]).unwrap();
+        assert!(shows([1e12 + 10.0, 1e12 + 10.0, 1e12 + 20.0, 1e12 + 20.0], &far) && !shows([1e12 + 200.0, 1e12, 1e12 + 300.0, 1e12 + 10.0], &far));
+    }
+
+    /// A stream that sets clip after clip, each turned a little more, keeps its region bounded:
+    /// past the corner cap a region becomes its bounding box, which still holds all it held.
+    #[test]
+    fn clip_after_clip_keeps_the_region_bounded() {
+        use interp::{intersect, region, shows};
+        let mut clip = region(&Matrix::IDENTITY, [-100.0, -100.0, 100.0, 100.0]).unwrap();
+        for i in 1..=10_000 {
+            let (s, c) = (f64::from(i) * 0.001).sin_cos();
+            let turned = region(&Matrix([c, s, -s, c, 0.0, 0.0]), [-60.0, -60.0, 60.0, 60.0]).unwrap();
+            clip = intersect(&clip, &turned);
+            assert!(clip.len() <= 32 && clip.iter().flatten().all(|v| v.is_finite()), "clip {i}: {} corners", clip.len());
+        }
+        // Every square is centred on the origin, so the middle still shows.
+        assert!(shows([-1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0], &clip));
+    }
+
     fn block(text: &str, rect: [f64; 4]) -> TextBlock {
         TextBlock {
             text: text.into(),
diff --git a/crates/edit/src/text/interp.rs b/crates/edit/src/text/interp.rs
index 6fb50138ab..0bc9373899 100644
--- a/crates/edit/src/text/interp.rs
+++ b/crates/edit/src/text/interp.rs
@@ -218,9 +218,139 @@ pub(crate) fn union(a: [f64; 4], b: [f64; 4]) -> [f64; 4] {
     [a[0].min(b[0]), a[1].min(b[1]), a[2].max(b[2]), a[3].max(b[3])]
 }
 
+/// A convex part of the page, in page space: the corners of a convex polygon, in order. With fewer
+/// than three corners it covers nothing.
+pub(super) type Region = Vec<[f64; 2]>;
+
+/// A clip, as the union of the convex regions it leaves visible: one for each rectangle of its
+/// path. With no parts it leaves nothing visible.
+pub(super) type Clip = Vec<Region>;
+
+/// The most corners a clip region keeps. Each intersection with a four-cornered clip can add
+/// corners, so past this a region becomes its bounding box: still all it held, and a stream that
+/// sets clip after clip stays bounded.
+const MAX_REGION_CORNERS: usize = 32;
+
+/// The most parts a clip keeps. Clips intersect part by part, so past this its parts become one,
+/// the box around them: still all they held, and the work stays bounded.
+const MAX_CLIP_PARTS: usize = 16;
+
+/// `r` (`[x0, y0, x1, y1]`, either way round) under `m`, keeping its shape when `m` turns or
+/// skews it. A rectangle of no area is a region that covers nothing, however thin a rectangle
+/// with area is; `None` when a corner, or its measure, is not finite.
+pub(super) fn region(m: &Matrix, r: [f64; 4]) -> Option<Region> {
+    let corners: Region = [(r[0], r[1]), (r[2], r[1]), (r[2], r[3]), (r[0], r[3])]
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|(x, y)| {
+            let (x, y) = m.apply(x, y);
+            [x, y]
+        })
+        .collect();
+    let finite = corners.iter().flatten().all(|v| v.is_finite()) && twice_area(&corners).is_finite() && perimeter(&corners).is_finite();
+    finite.then(|| if encloses_area(&corners) { corners } else { Vec::new() })
+}
+
+/// The polygon's signed area, doubled: positive when its corners run anticlockwise (y up).
+/// Measured from its first corner, so that far from the origin it keeps its precision.
+fn twice_area(p: &[[f64; 2]]) -> f64 {
+    let Some(o) = p.first() else { return 0.0 };
+    p.iter().zip(p.iter().cycle().skip(1)).map(|(a, b)| (a[0] - o[0]) * (b[1] - o[1]) - (b[0] - o[0]) * (a[1] - o[1])).sum()
+}
+
+fn perimeter(p: &[[f64; 2]]) -> f64 {
+    p.iter().zip(p.iter().cycle().skip(1)).map(|(a, b)| (b[0] - a[0]).hypot(b[1] - a[1])).sum()
+}
+
+/// Whether the polygon encloses any area: its area against the square of its perimeter, so the
+/// answer is the same at any scale and a thin box still has one.
+fn encloses_area(p: &[[f64; 2]]) -> bool {
+    let around = perimeter(p);
+    p.len() >= 3 && twice_area(p).abs() > 1e-12 * around * around
+}
+
+/// The four corners of the box around `points`.
+fn bounding<'a>(points: impl Iterator<Item = &'a [f64; 2]>) -> Region {
+    let b = points.fold([f64::MAX, f64::MAX, f64::MIN, f64::MIN], |b, p| [b[0].min(p[0]), b[1].min(p[1]), b[2].max(p[0]), b[3].max(p[1])]);
+    vec![[b[0], b[1]], [b[2], b[1]], [b[2], b[3]], [b[0], b[3]]]
+}
+
+/// The part of `a` inside `b`, both convex (Sutherland-Hodgman: `a` cut by each edge of `b`). Clips
+/// in force intersect, so text shows only where all of them let it through. Regions that share no
+/// area (apart, or meeting only along an edge) leave an empty one, as does an empty `a` or `b`.
+pub(super) fn intersect(a: &Region, b: &Region) -> Region {
+    if a.len() < 3 || b.len() < 3 {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+    let turn = twice_area(b).signum();
+    let mut out = a.clone();
+    for (p, q) in b.iter().zip(b.iter().cycle().skip(1)) {
+        // Positive on the side of the edge `p` → `q` that `b` lies on.
+        let inside = |v: &[f64; 2]| turn * ((q[0] - p[0]) * (v[1] - p[1]) - (q[1] - p[1]) * (v[0] - p[0]));
+        let cut = std::mem::take(&mut out);
+        for (s, e) in cut.iter().zip(cut.iter().cycle().skip(1)) {
+            let (ds, de) = (inside(s), inside(e));
+            if ds >= 0.0 {
+                out.push(*s);
+            }
+            // The edge crosses the line: `ds - de` is not zero, as one is negative and one is not.
+            if (ds >= 0.0) != (de >= 0.0) {
+                let t = ds / (ds - de);
+                out.push([s[0] + t * (e[0] - s[0]), s[1] + t * (e[1] - s[1])]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if !encloses_area(&out) {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+    if out.len() > MAX_REGION_CORNERS {
+        out = bounding(out.iter());
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// The clip that leaves visible only what both `a` and `b` do: each part of one intersected with
+/// each part of the other.
+pub(super) fn clip_within(a: &Clip, b: &Clip) -> Clip {
+    let mut out: Clip = a.iter().flat_map(|p| b.iter().map(move |q| intersect(p, q))).filter(|r| !r.is_empty()).collect();
+    if out.len() > MAX_CLIP_PARTS {
+        out = vec![bounding(out.iter().flatten())];
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// Whether the box `r` shows through `clip`: through any of its parts.
+pub(super) fn clip_shows(r: [f64; 4], clip: &Clip) -> bool {
+    clip.iter().any(|part| shows(r, part))
+}
+
+/// Whether the box `r` (`[x0, y0, x1, y1]`) and `region` share some area, by the separating axis
+/// test: two convex shapes are apart exactly when their shadows on some axis, one of the box's or
+/// a normal of one of the region's edges, do not overlap. Touching is not sharing.
+pub(super) fn shows(r: [f64; 4], region: &Region) -> bool {
+    if region.len() < 3 {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let corners = [[r[0], r[1]], [r[2], r[1]], [r[2], r[3]], [r[0], r[3]]];
+    let apart = |axis: [f64; 2]| {
+        let shadow = |points: &[[f64; 2]]| {
+            points.iter().map(|p| p[0] * axis[0] + p[1] * axis[1]).fold((f64::INFINITY, f64::NEG_INFINITY), |(lo, hi), v| (lo.min(v), hi.max(v)))
+        };
+        let ((a0, a1), (b0, b1)) = (shadow(&corners), shadow(region));
+        a1 <= b0 || b1 <= a0
+    };
+    // An edge of no length (two corners in one place) has no normal to test.
+    let normals = region.iter().zip(region.iter().cycle().skip(1)).map(|(p, q)| [p[1] - q[1], q[0] - p[0]]).filter(|n| n[0] != 0.0 || n[1] != 0.0);
+    !([[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0]].into_iter().chain(normals).any(apart))
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub(super) struct Ts {
     pub(super) ctm: Matrix,
+    /// The clip in force, if any, as what it leaves visible: the intersection of every
+    /// rectangular content-stream clip (`re` `W`/`W*` `n`, ISO 32000-2 §8.5.4) and every enclosing
+    /// form's `/BBox` ([`super::lines`]), each in the shape its matrix gives it. `q`/`Q` save and
+    /// restore it along with the rest of `Ts`.
+    pub(super) clip: Option<Clip>,
     /// The operators that set the current fill colour (`g`, `rg`, `k`, or `cs` + `sc`/`scn`).
     pub(super) fill: Vec<Op>,
     pub(super) font: Option<(Vec<u8>, Rc<Metrics>)>,
@@ -506,6 +636,7 @@ impl Carry {
     pub(super) fn new() -> Self {
         let ts = Ts {
             ctm: Matrix::IDENTITY,
+            clip: None,
             fill: Vec::new(),
             font: None,
             face: None,
@@ -860,11 +991,57 @@ pub(super) fn interpret(
     // with no properties dict (a file saved before this was tracked, or by another writer) reads
     // as 1, the single space a rejoin always used before #2529.
     let mut soft_gap = 1usize;
+    // A pending path of `x y w h re`s, and whether a `W`/`W*` has marked it as the path that `n`
+    // turns into the new clip (ISO 32000-2 §8.5.4) -- the common "set a rectangular clip" idiom.
+    // The path is `Some(None)` once one of its rectangles can't be read, and then clips nothing.
+    // Each rectangle is a part of the clip; a path of more than `MAX_CLIP_PARTS` keeps the box
+    // around them, which still holds them all. Any other operator between `re` and `n` ends the
+    // idiom: the clip is not read then.
+    let mut pending_clip: Option<Option<Vec<[f64; 4]>>> = None;
+    let mut clip_pending = false;
     for (i, op) in ops.iter().enumerate() {
         // A gap's space carries only into a `Tj` or `TJ` right after it.
         if !matches!(op.op.as_slice(), b"Tj" | b"TJ") {
             carry.gap_space = false;
         }
+        match op.op.as_slice() {
+            b"re" => {
+                let rect = op.nums::<4>().map(|[x, y, w, h]| [x.min(x + w), y.min(y + h), x.max(x + w), y.max(y + h)]);
+                pending_clip = Some(match (pending_clip.take(), rect) {
+                    (None, Some(rect)) => Some(vec![rect]),
+                    (Some(Some(mut path)), Some(rect)) => {
+                        if path.len() >= MAX_CLIP_PARTS {
+                            path = vec![path.iter().fold(rect, |all, r| union(all, *r))];
+                        } else {
+                            path.push(rect);
+                        }
+                        Some(path)
+                    }
+                    _ => None,
+                });
+            }
+            b"W" | b"W*" => clip_pending = pending_clip.is_some(),
+            b"n" => {
+                if clip_pending && let Some(Some(path)) = pending_clip.take() {
+                    // A rectangle past what a matrix can hold leaves the clip unread. One of no
+                    // area is a part that shows nothing, so a clip of no area hides everything.
+                    let parts: Option<Clip> = path.iter().map(|r| region(&ts.ctm, *r)).collect();
+                    if let Some(parts) = parts {
+                        let new: Clip = parts.into_iter().filter(|part| !part.is_empty()).collect();
+                        ts.clip = Some(match &ts.clip {
+                            Some(old) => clip_within(old, &new),
+                            None => new,
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                pending_clip = None;
+                clip_pending = false;
+            }
+            _ => {
+                pending_clip = None;
+                clip_pending = false;
+            }
+        }
         match op.op.as_slice() {
             // No depth cap: every `EMC` pops, so a capped push would pair it with the enclosing
             // sequence (#3573). Both stacks stay bounded by the number of operators.
diff --git a/crates/edit/src/text/lines.rs b/crates/edit/src/text/lines.rs
index 1e899bc352..9eadb65107 100644
--- a/crates/edit/src/text/lines.rs
+++ b/crates/edit/src/text/lines.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use super::fallback::{same_font, same_paint};
-use super::interp::{Carry, Origin, Pen, Shown, TextState, Ts, direction, interpret, to_frame, union};
+use super::interp::{Carry, Clip, Origin, Pen, Shown, TextState, Ts, clip_shows, clip_within, direction, interpret, region, to_frame, union};
 use super::{DecodeBudget, Dict, Document, EditError, HashMap, Matrix, Object, Op, Pieces, Stream, TextLine, parse, serialize_ops};
 
 impl TextLine {
@@ -565,8 +565,9 @@ impl FormBudget {
     }
 }
 
-/// A form XObject a page draws: its object, content, resources and its matrix composed with the
-/// CTM at the `Do`.
+/// A form XObject a page draws: its object, content, resources, its matrix composed with the
+/// CTM at the `Do`, and the clip its `/BBox` makes (page space, under that same matrix, so a
+/// turned form keeps its turned box; a box of no area hides everything) if it has a valid one.
 pub(crate) struct FormCall {
     pub(crate) obj: Option<pdfcraft_cos::ObjRef>,
     pub(crate) data: Vec<u8>,
@@ -575,6 +576,7 @@ pub(crate) struct FormCall {
     form: Arc<Object>,
     own: Option<Arc<Object>>,
     pub(crate) ctm: Matrix,
+    bbox: Option<Clip>,
 }
 
 impl FormCall {
@@ -644,6 +646,12 @@ pub(crate) fn form_call(
         <[f64; 6]>::try_from(v).ok().filter(|v| v.iter().all(|x| x.is_finite()))
     });
     let own = s.dict.get(b"Resources").filter(|r| matches!(r, Object::Ref(_))).map(|r| doc.resolve(r));
+    // Four finite numbers, or no bound at all: a member that isn't one makes the box unknown, and
+    // reading the numbers around it would invent a clip.
+    let bbox = s.dict.get(b"BBox").map(|b| doc.resolve(b)).and_then(|b| {
+        let values: Vec<f64> = b.as_array()?.iter().map(|x| doc.resolve(x).as_f64().filter(|v| v.is_finite())).collect::<Option<_>>()?;
+        <[f64; 4]>::try_from(values).ok()
+    });
     let data = match budget.decode.decode(s) {
         Ok(data) => data,
         Err(_) if budget.decode.remaining() == 0 => {
@@ -653,7 +661,8 @@ pub(crate) fn form_call(
         Err(_) => Vec::new(),
     };
     budget.visits = budget.visits.saturating_add(1);
-    Some(FormCall { obj, data, form, own, ctm: m.map_or(ctm, |m| Matrix(m).then(&ctm)) })
+    let ctm = m.map_or(ctm, |m| Matrix(m).then(&ctm));
+    Some(FormCall { obj, data, form, own, ctm, bbox: bbox.and_then(|b| region(&ctm, b)).map(|r| if r.is_empty() { Vec::new() } else { vec![r] }) })
 }
 
 /// The lines a page shows as it reads, including text drawn by form XObjects (which
@@ -684,6 +693,12 @@ pub(super) fn reading_lines(doc: &Document, page: usize) -> Result<(Vec<TextLine
                 // Text after a form starts a new line.
                 last = None;
             }
+            // A run that the clips in force (forms' `/BBox`es and content-stream `re`/`W`/`n`
+            // clips, intersected) hide is not drawn, so it is not read either (#3503).
+            if s.state.clip.as_ref().is_some_and(|clip| !clip_shows(s.rect, clip)) {
+                last = None;
+                continue;
+            }
             let si = stream(s.op);
             // Text from another stream starts a new line, as when each stream was read alone.
             if last_stream.replace(si).is_some_and(|prev| prev != si) {
@@ -701,8 +716,14 @@ pub(super) fn reading_lines(doc: &Document, page: usize) -> Result<(Vec<TextLine
         let Some(form) = form_call(w.doc, resources, name, ts.ctm, &w.path, &mut w.budget) else { return Ok(()) };
         let ops = parse(&form.data).ops;
         // The form starts with the graphics state at its `Do`, its own matrix applied.
+        // Its content is clipped to its `/BBox` within whatever clips the page had in force at the
+        // `Do`. It starts with a stack of its own, so no `Q` of its own can lift that clip.
+        let clip = match (&ts.clip, &form.bbox) {
+            (Some(outer), Some(own)) => Some(clip_within(outer, own)),
+            (outer, own) => outer.clone().or_else(|| own.clone()),
+        };
         let mut carry = Carry {
-            ts: Ts { ctm: form.ctm, ..ts },
+            ts: Ts { ctm: form.ctm, clip, ..ts },
             stack: Vec::new(),
             marked: Vec::new(),
             layers: Vec::new(),
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/lib.rs b/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
index a2b474f5cf..64e63930c8 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/lib.rs
@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ pub use pdfcraft_redact::codes::{CODE_SETS as REDACTION_CODE_SETS, CodeSet as Re
 pub use pdfcraft_redact::patterns::{
     MAX_WORDS as REDACT_MAX_WORDS, PATTERNS as REDACT_PATTERNS, Pattern as RedactPattern, find as find_pattern, word_list as redact_word_list,
 };
+pub use pdfcraft_redact::redacted_file_name;
 pub use pdfcraft_redact::sanitize::{HIDDEN, Hidden};
 pub use pdfcraft_redact::user_regex::{UserRegex as RedactRegex, VALIDATORS as REDACT_VALIDATORS, Validator as RedactValidator};
 pub use pdfcraft_redact::{Claim as RedactionClaim, Identification as RedactionIdentification};
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/print_raster.rs b/crates/engine/src/print_raster.rs
index 29df75b014..c5a1295e92 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/print_raster.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/print_raster.rs
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ pub fn rasterize(doc: &Document, pages: &[usize], raster: &Raster, content: Cont
     let mut config = src.config.clone();
     // The copy below holds only what prints, so the viewer's own comment hiding plays no part.
     config.hide_comments = false;
+    // Printing is not the View event: a layer the auto state turns off on screen keeps its
+    // configured state on paper, as in a print that goes out as vectors.
+    config.for_print = true;
     let (printed, layers) = guard(|| -> Result<(Vec<u8>, Option<Vec<pdfcraft_render::Layer>>), String> {
         let mut cos = pdfcraft_cos::Document::open_with_password(src.bytes.clone(), config.password.as_deref()).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
         pdfcraft_print::keep_printed(&mut cos, content);
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/session/files.rs b/crates/engine/src/session/files.rs
index a7fd48b3e4..4177d1705f 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/session/files.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/session/files.rs
@@ -229,7 +229,13 @@ impl Session {
                 Err(_) => return Vec::new(),
             },
         };
-        (0..doc.info.pages.len()).map(|i| pages.contains(&i) && pdfcraft_print::text_reads_up(&cos, i)).collect()
+        // The page tree is read once, and each page is looked up, not searched for, in `pages`.
+        let mut out = vec![false; doc.info.pages.len()];
+        let wanted: Vec<usize> = pages.iter().copied().filter(|&p| p < out.len()).collect::<std::collections::BTreeSet<_>>().into_iter().collect();
+        for (p, up) in wanted.iter().zip(pdfcraft_print::texts_read_up(&cos, &wanted)) {
+            out[*p] = up;
+        }
+        out
     }
 
     /// Combine whole files, in order, into new PDF bytes (one bookmark per file).
diff --git a/crates/engine/src/xfa.rs b/crates/engine/src/xfa.rs
index 4246e5b504..2bdbcf10cc 100644
--- a/crates/engine/src/xfa.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/src/xfa.rs
@@ -1051,6 +1051,8 @@ mod tests {
             flags: 0,
             max_len: None,
             options: Vec::new(),
+            selected: Vec::new(),
+            single_value_is_array: false,
             da: String::new(),
             quadding: 0,
             tooltip: None,
diff --git a/crates/engine/tests/it/dingbat_check_box.rs b/crates/engine/tests/it/dingbat_check_box.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..87f33dd3a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/engine/tests/it/dingbat_check_box.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+//! A check box the file leaves to the viewer draws its `/MK /CA` caption `4` in ZapfDingbats
+//! (ISO 32000-2 Table 192 and §12.7.5.2.3), and the standard font's bundled stand-in draws that
+//! check mark (a20, Annex D.6) at its standard advance (§9.6.2.2): centred in the box, at the
+//! `/DA` size, neither squeezed nor spilling past its advance.
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use pdfcraft_cos::{Document, SaveOptions, write_incremental};
+use pdfcraft_fonts::Std14;
+use pdfcraft_render::{PageRenderer, RenderConfig, RenderRequest};
+
+/// The `/DA` size of the check, in points (and pixels, at scale 1).
+const SIZE: f64 = 60.0;
+
+fn pdf(objects: &[&str]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut bytes = b"%PDF-1.7\n".to_vec();
+    let mut offsets = Vec::new();
+    for (i, object) in objects.iter().enumerate() {
+        offsets.push(bytes.len());
+        bytes.extend_from_slice(format!("{} 0 obj\n{object}\nendobj\n", i + 1).as_bytes());
+    }
+    let xref = bytes.len();
+    bytes.extend_from_slice(format!("xref\n0 {}\n0000000000 65535 f \n", objects.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    for offset in offsets {
+        bytes.extend_from_slice(format!("{offset:010} 00000 n \n").as_bytes());
+    }
+    bytes.extend_from_slice(format!("trailer << /Size {} /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{xref}\n%%EOF\n", objects.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    bytes
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_check_box_caption_check_is_drawn_at_its_standard_advance() {
+    // A 100 pt box at (50, 50) on a 200 pt page, with no border, no background and no /AP.
+    let bytes = pdf(&[
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm 4 0 R >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Annots [5 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Fields [5 0 R] /NeedAppearances true >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Btn /T (c) /V /Yes /AS /Yes /DA (/ZaDb 60 Tf 0 g) /MK << /CA (4) >> /Rect [50 50 150 150] /F 4 /P 3 0 R >>",
+    ]);
+    let doc = Document::open(Arc::new(bytes)).expect("the fixture opens");
+    let shown = pdfcraft_forms::with_field_appearances(&doc).expect("the check box gets an appearance");
+    let bytes = write_incremental(&shown, &SaveOptions::default()).expect("the display copy saves");
+    let mut renderer = PageRenderer::new(Arc::new(bytes), RenderConfig::default());
+    let page = renderer.render(RenderRequest { page: 0, scale: 1.0, ..Default::default() });
+    assert!(page.error.is_none(), "{:?}", page.error);
+
+    // The bounding box of the dark pixels, in pixels from the top left.
+    let (mut x0, mut y0, mut x1, mut y1) = (u32::MAX, u32::MAX, 0, 0);
+    for y in 0..page.height {
+        for x in 0..page.width {
+            let at = usize::try_from((y * page.width + x) * 4).unwrap_or(usize::MAX);
+            if page.rgba.get(at).is_some_and(|r| *r < 128) {
+                (x0, y0, x1, y1) = (x0.min(x), y0.min(y), x1.max(x), y1.max(y));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    assert!(x0 <= x1, "the check is drawn");
+    let (x0, y0, x1, y1) = (f64::from(x0), f64::from(y0), f64::from(x1 + 1), f64::from(y1 + 1));
+
+    // The check's advance, centred across the box: 846 units at 60 pt is 50.76 pt.
+    let advance = Std14::ZapfDingbats.advance(b'4', SIZE);
+    assert_eq!(Std14::ZapfDingbats.width(b'4'), 846.0, "a20's standard width");
+    let left = 50.0 + (100.0 - advance) / 2.0;
+    assert!(x0 >= left - 1.0 && x1 <= left + advance + 1.0, "the check stays within its advance {left}..{}: {x0}..{x1}", left + advance);
+    assert!(x1 - x0 >= 0.8 * advance, "the check is not squeezed: {} px of {advance}", x1 - x0);
+    assert!(((x0 + x1) / 2.0 - 100.0).abs() <= 3.0, "the check is centred across the box: {x0}..{x1}");
+    // Inside the box vertically, and about as tall as the font size makes it.
+    assert!(y0 >= 50.0 && y1 <= 150.0, "the check stays inside the box: {y0}..{y1}");
+    assert!((0.5 * SIZE..=0.85 * SIZE).contains(&(y1 - y0)), "the check is {} px tall at {SIZE} pt", y1 - y0);
+}
diff --git a/crates/engine/tests/it/main.rs b/crates/engine/tests/it/main.rs
index 8d9026600d..d60377b36e 100644
--- a/crates/engine/tests/it/main.rs
+++ b/crates/engine/tests/it/main.rs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ mod support {
     pub mod font_fixture;
 }
 
+mod dingbat_check_box;
 mod document_fonts;
 mod form_rotation;
 mod marked_content_isolation;
diff --git a/crates/fonts/src/pdf.rs b/crates/fonts/src/pdf.rs
index 978b9d11ae..9d8d0d6b85 100644
--- a/crates/fonts/src/pdf.rs
+++ b/crates/fonts/src/pdf.rs
@@ -1423,6 +1423,115 @@ pub fn glyph_unicode(name: &str) -> Option<char> {
     chars.next().filter(|_| chars.len() == 0)
 }
 
+/// What each code of an embedded TrueType font that isn't flagged non-symbolic and names no base
+/// encoding shows, by the `post` table name of the glyph its `cmap` selects (the way the renderer
+/// selects it: the code, then at 0xF000, 0xF100 and 0xF200). Such a font's codes need not be
+/// Standard or WinAnsi: FrameMaker files distilled with Distiller 3 number them in the Macintosh
+/// glyph order, 29 below ASCII, so `Solid` read as `6ROLG` and typing set the wrong glyphs (#3962).
+/// Codes without a glyph, and fonts whose `post` table names no glyphs, are left out (the latter
+/// to [`symbolic_mac_roman_texts`]). A code whose glyph has no name with a Unicode value reads
+/// as WinAnsi, as the renderer reads it (vendored hayro-interpret patch (79)), so the editor and
+/// extraction agree: `€` for code 0x80, which Standard leaves without a character.
+fn symbolic_glyph_texts(doc: &Document, font: &Dict) -> Vec<(u32, String)> {
+    use skrifa::GlyphId;
+    use skrifa::raw::{FontData, FontRead as _, TableProvider as _, tables::cmap::PlatformId, tables::post::Post, types::Tag};
+    let Some(descriptor) = dict(doc, font.get(b"FontDescriptor")) else { return Vec::new() };
+    // Flag bit 6, Nonsymbolic (ISO 32000-2 Table 121).
+    if descriptor_flags(doc, &descriptor) & 32 != 0 {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+    let Some(object) = descriptor.get(b"FontFile2") else { return Vec::new() };
+    let object = doc.resolve(object);
+    let Object::Stream(stream) = object.as_ref() else { return Vec::new() };
+    let Ok(bytes) = doc.with_direct_parms(stream).decoded_within(MAX_SFNT) else { return Vec::new() };
+    let Ok(face) = skrifa::FontRef::from_index(&bytes, 0) else { return Vec::new() };
+    let Ok(cmap) = face.cmap() else { return Vec::new() };
+    // A `post` version written with its 16-bit halves swapped (`00 00 00 02` for 2.0, as ScanSoft
+    // PDF Create! writes it) is read as the version it means, as the renderer reads it (#2946,
+    // vendored hayro-interpret patch (49)); otherwise its names would be lost here alone.
+    let repaired = face.table_data(Tag::new(b"post")).and_then(|data| match data.as_bytes() {
+        [0, 0, 0, n @ 1..=3, rest @ ..] => Some([&[0, *n, 0, 0], rest].concat()),
+        _ => None,
+    });
+    let post = match &repaired {
+        Some(bytes) => Post::read(FontData::new(bytes)),
+        None => face.post(),
+    };
+    let Ok(post) = post else { return Vec::new() };
+    // A font that names no glyphs (no `post` table of version 1.0, or one of version 2.0 with an
+    // empty name index) is left to `symbolic_mac_roman_texts` and the encoding's reading.
+    let names_glyphs = match post.version() {
+        skrifa::raw::types::Version16Dot16::VERSION_1_0 => true,
+        skrifa::raw::types::Version16Dot16::VERSION_2_0 => post.glyph_name_index().is_some_and(|index| !index.is_empty()),
+        _ => false,
+    };
+    if !names_glyphs {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+    let custom = post_custom_names(&post);
+    (0..=255u32)
+        .filter_map(|code| {
+            // The records in order, as the renderer's `map_code` reads a symbolic font: a Windows
+            // symbol or Unicode cmap with the code and the code at 0xF000, 0xF100 and 0xF200, a
+            // Macintosh or Unicode-platform one with the code alone; the first glyph found wins.
+            let glyph = cmap.encoding_records().iter().find_map(|record| {
+                let offsets: &[u32] = match (record.platform_id(), record.encoding_id()) {
+                    (PlatformId::Windows, 0 | 1) => &[0, 0xF000, 0xF100, 0xF200],
+                    (PlatformId::Macintosh | PlatformId::Unicode, 0) => &[0],
+                    _ => return None,
+                };
+                let subtable = record.subtable(cmap.offset_data()).ok()?;
+                offsets.iter().find_map(|o| subtable.map_codepoint(code + o).filter(|g| *g != GlyphId::NOTDEF))
+            })?;
+            let glyph = u16::try_from(glyph.to_u32()).ok()?;
+            let winansi = || {
+                let u = crate::encodings::WIN_ANSI.get(usize::try_from(code).ok()?).copied().filter(|u| *u != 0)?;
+                char::from_u32(u).map(String::from)
+            };
+            let text = post_name(&post, &custom, glyph).filter(|n| uppercase_hex_forms(n)).and_then(glyph_text);
+            Some((code, text.or_else(winansi)?))
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+/// Whether the `uni` and `u` components of a glyph name spell their hex digits in uppercase, as
+/// the glyph list specification's forms do (ISO 32000-2 §9.10.2): `uni1eae` names nothing, so
+/// its glyph's code reads as WinAnsi, as the renderer reads it (vendored hayro-interpret patch
+/// (79)). A component that is a list name (`a`, `ecircumflex`) is read as such whatever its case.
+fn uppercase_hex_forms(name: &str) -> bool {
+    let stem = name.split('.').next().unwrap_or_default();
+    stem.split('_').all(|part| {
+        // Outside the list, a component `glyph_text` reads is `u` or `uni` and hex digits, so a
+        // lowercase `a` to `f` in it is a lowercase digit.
+        crate::encodings::NAMES.binary_search_by(|(n, _)| (*n).cmp(part)).is_ok() || !part.bytes().any(|b| matches!(b, b'a'..=b'f'))
+    })
+}
+
+/// The names a version 2.0 `post` table spells out, in order, read once. `Post::glyph_name` walks
+/// this data from its start for each glyph it is asked about, which over a font program of up to
+/// 16 MiB, asked about 256 codes, is work an untrusted file can make large. Reading stops at the
+/// first name that can't be read, as each lookup would.
+fn post_custom_names<'a>(post: &skrifa::raw::tables::post::Post<'a>) -> Vec<&'a str> {
+    post.string_data().map(|names| names.iter().map_while(|name| name.ok().map(|n| n.as_str())).collect()).unwrap_or_default()
+}
+
+/// `glyph`'s name in `post`, as `Post::glyph_name` gives it, with the table's own names from
+/// [`post_custom_names`].
+fn post_name<'a>(post: &skrifa::raw::tables::post::Post<'a>, custom: &[&'a str], glyph: u16) -> Option<&'a str> {
+    use skrifa::raw::{tables::post::DEFAULT_GLYPH_NAMES, types::Version16Dot16};
+    match post.version() {
+        Version16Dot16::VERSION_1_0 => DEFAULT_GLYPH_NAMES.get(usize::from(glyph)).copied(),
+        Version16Dot16::VERSION_2_0 => {
+            let index = usize::from(post.glyph_name_index()?.get(usize::from(glyph))?.get());
+            match index.checked_sub(DEFAULT_GLYPH_NAMES.len()) {
+                None => DEFAULT_GLYPH_NAMES.get(index).copied(),
+                Some(i) => custom.get(i).copied(),
+            }
+        }
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
 /// Code → Unicode for a font: its ToUnicode CMap (for a composite font, also the name
 /// `/Identity-H` or `/Identity-V`, read as code = Unicode), else (simple fonts) its encoding.
 fn unicode_map(doc: &Document, font: &Dict, composite: bool) -> Unicode {
@@ -1465,7 +1574,12 @@ fn unicode_map(doc: &Document, font: &Dict, composite: bool) -> Unicode {
                 out.encoding.insert(code as u32, c.to_string());
             }
         }
+        // A font named as Symbol or ZapfDingbats keeps reporting nothing: its names may be as
+        // un-Latin as its codes (WordPerfect's WPTypographicSymbols calls its apostrophe `equal`).
+        // A font whose `post` table names its glyphs reads by those names; one that names none
+        // and keeps the Macintosh order reads as Mac OS Roman, over the WinAnsi fallback.
         if base_name.is_none() && !symbolic_builtin {
+            out.encoding.extend(symbolic_glyph_texts(doc, font));
             out.encoding.extend(symbolic_mac_roman_texts(doc, font));
         }
         if let Some(Object::Dict(d)) = enc.as_deref()
diff --git a/crates/fonts/src/pdf/tests.rs b/crates/fonts/src/pdf/tests.rs
index 9a0a32be6a..2d95465944 100644
--- a/crates/fonts/src/pdf/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/fonts/src/pdf/tests.rs
@@ -214,6 +214,194 @@ fn mac_subset_cmap_uses_pdf_unicode_without_changing_source_program() {
     assert!(append_editor_cmap(&mut broken, &std::collections::BTreeMap::from([(65, 1)])).is_none());
 }
 
+/// The names read once give what `Post::glyph_name` gives, for every glyph of a font with its
+/// own names (Inter's version 2.0 table), and none past the last glyph.
+#[test]
+fn post_names_read_once_match_the_table() {
+    use skrifa::raw::TableProvider as _;
+    let face = skrifa::FontRef::new(include_bytes!("../../../../assets/fonts/Inter-Regular.ttf")).unwrap();
+    let post = face.post().unwrap();
+    let custom = post_custom_names(&post);
+    assert!(custom.len() > 100, "Inter names glyphs of its own: {}", custom.len());
+    let glyphs = face.maxp().unwrap().num_glyphs();
+    for g in 0..glyphs {
+        assert_eq!(post_name(&post, &custom, g), post.glyph_name(skrifa::raw::types::GlyphId16::new(g)), "glyph {g}");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(post_name(&post, &custom, glyphs), None);
+}
+
+/// #3962: a symbolic TrueType subset with no `/Encoding` whose codes are glyph positions in
+/// the Macintosh order, 29 below ASCII, mapped by a Mac (1,0) cmap. Its text is what the
+/// `post` table names the glyphs its codes select, and typing encodes back to those codes.
+/// A (3,0) symbol cmap at 0xF000 + code is read too: code 0x20, `.notdef` in the Mac table,
+/// shows `k` there, code 0xC0 `é`, and code 0xC1 the variant `a.1`, whose suffix is dropped.
+/// Records are read in order, each with its offsets, as the renderer reads them: 0xC2 is the
+/// symbol cmap's `x`, not a later (3,1) cmap's `z`.
+#[test]
+fn a_symbolic_truetype_font_without_an_encoding_reads_its_glyph_names() {
+    use skrifa::{MetadataProvider as _, raw::TableProvider as _};
+    const TEXT: &str = "Solid state";
+    let original = include_bytes!("../../../../assets/fonts/Inter-Regular.ttf");
+    let face = skrifa::FontRef::new(original).unwrap();
+    let charmap = face.charmap();
+    let post = face.post().unwrap();
+    let variant = (1..face.maxp().unwrap().num_glyphs())
+        .find(|&g| post.glyph_name(skrifa::raw::types::GlyphId16::new(g)) == Some("a.1"))
+        .expect("Inter has a.1");
+    // A glyph whose name has no Unicode value: its code reads as WinAnsi, as the renderer reads it.
+    let unnamed = (1..face.maxp().unwrap().num_glyphs())
+        .find(|&g| post.glyph_name(skrifa::raw::types::GlyphId16::new(g)).is_some_and(|n| !n.starts_with('.') && glyph_text(n).is_none()))
+        .expect("Inter has a glyph whose name has no text");
+    // A format 6 Mac cmap over codes 3..=0x57: each letter at its code minus 29.
+    let (first, last) = (3u16, 0x57u16);
+    let mut glyphs = vec![0u16; usize::from(last - first + 1)];
+    for c in TEXT.chars() {
+        glyphs[usize::from(c as u16 - 29 - first)] = u16::try_from(charmap.map(c).unwrap().to_u32()).unwrap();
+    }
+    let mac_len = 10 + 2 * glyphs.len() as u16;
+    let gid = |c: char| u16::try_from(charmap.map(c).unwrap().to_u32()).unwrap();
+    let mut mac = vec![0, 6];
+    mac.extend_from_slice(&mac_len.to_be_bytes());
+    mac.extend_from_slice(&[0, 0]);
+    mac.extend_from_slice(&first.to_be_bytes());
+    mac.extend_from_slice(&(glyphs.len() as u16).to_be_bytes());
+    glyphs.iter().for_each(|g| mac.extend_from_slice(&g.to_be_bytes()));
+    // A format 4 subtable: one segment per code, then the closing 0xFFFF segment.
+    let format4 = |map: &[(u16, u16)]| {
+        let segments: Vec<(u16, u16)> = map.iter().copied().chain([(0xFFFF, 0)]).collect();
+        let n = segments.len() as u16;
+        let words: Vec<u16> = [4, 16 + 8 * n, 0, 2 * n, 2, 0, 2 * n - 2]
+            .into_iter()
+            .chain(segments.iter().map(|s| s.0))
+            .chain([0])
+            .chain(segments.iter().map(|s| s.0))
+            .chain(segments.iter().map(|&(code, glyph)| if code == 0xFFFF { 1 } else { glyph.wrapping_sub(code) }))
+            .chain(segments.iter().map(|_| 0))
+            .collect();
+        words.iter().flat_map(|w| w.to_be_bytes()).collect::<Vec<u8>>()
+    };
+    // A glyph whose name the table spells `uni1eae`, lowercase, below: the glyph list
+    // specification's hex digits are uppercase (ISO 32000-2 §9.10.2), so it names nothing.
+    let lowercase = (1..face.maxp().unwrap().num_glyphs())
+        .find(|&g| post.glyph_name(skrifa::raw::types::GlyphId16::new(g)) == Some("uni1EAE"))
+        .expect("Inter has uni1EAE");
+    // Symbol (3,0): 0xF020 → k, 0xF0C0 → é, 0xF0C1 → a.1, 0xF0C2 → x, 0xF0C4 → the unnamed glyph,
+    // 0xF0C5 → the one spelt in lowercase.
+    let symbol = format4(&[
+        (0xF020, gid('k')),
+        (0xF0C0, gid('é')),
+        (0xF0C1, variant),
+        (0xF0C2, gid('x')),
+        (0xF0C3, gid('w')),
+        (0xF0C4, unnamed),
+        (0xF0C5, lowercase),
+    ]);
+    // Unicode (3,1), after it: 0xC2 → z. The renderer reads the (3,0) record, offsets and
+    // all, before this one, so code 0xC2 is `x`.
+    let unicode = format4(&[(0xC2, gid('z'))]);
+    // A Unicode-platform (0,3) record, first, which the renderer doesn't read: 0xC3 → q there,
+    // so code 0xC3 is the symbol cmap's `w`.
+    let platform0 = format4(&[(0xC3, gid('q'))]);
+    // Four records, in platform order as the cmap table requires.
+    let at = |n: usize| (36 + n) as u32;
+    let mut cmap = vec![0, 0, 0, 4];
+    for (platform, encoding, offset) in [
+        (0u16, 3u16, at(0)),
+        (1, 0, at(platform0.len())),
+        (3, 0, at(platform0.len() + mac.len())),
+        (3, 1, at(platform0.len() + mac.len() + symbol.len())),
+    ] {
+        cmap.extend_from_slice(&platform.to_be_bytes());
+        cmap.extend_from_slice(&encoding.to_be_bytes());
+        cmap.extend_from_slice(&offset.to_be_bytes());
+    }
+    cmap.extend(platform0);
+    cmap.extend(mac);
+    cmap.extend(symbol);
+    cmap.extend(unicode);
+    let mut subset = original.to_vec();
+    let count = u16::from_be_bytes(subset[4..6].try_into().unwrap()) as usize;
+    let entry = (0..count).map(|i| 12 + i * 16).find(|i| &subset[*i..*i + 4] == b"cmap").unwrap();
+    let offset = subset.len() as u32;
+    subset[entry + 8..entry + 12].copy_from_slice(&offset.to_be_bytes());
+    subset[entry + 12..entry + 16].copy_from_slice(&(cmap.len() as u32).to_be_bytes());
+    subset.extend_from_slice(&cmap);
+    // The `post` table's own spelling of that name, a Pascal string, lowercased in place.
+    let spelt = b"\x07uni1EAE";
+    assert_eq!(subset.windows(spelt.len()).filter(|w| w == spelt).count(), 1);
+    let spot = subset.windows(spelt.len()).position(|w| w == spelt).unwrap();
+    subset[spot..spot + spelt.len()].copy_from_slice(b"\x07uni1eae");
+    let codes: Vec<u8> = TEXT.bytes().map(|b| b - 29).collect();
+    let metrics = |flags: i64, encoding: Option<Object>| {
+        let mut doc = Document::new_empty();
+        let program = doc.add(Object::Stream(Stream::flate(Dict::new(), &subset)));
+        let mut descriptor = Dict::new();
+        descriptor.set(b"Flags".to_vec(), Object::Int(flags));
+        descriptor.set(b"FontFile2".to_vec(), Object::Ref(program));
+        let mut entries = vec![("Subtype", Object::name("TrueType")), ("FontDescriptor", Object::Dict(descriptor))];
+        if let Some(encoding) = encoding {
+            entries.push(("Encoding", encoding));
+        }
+        let f = font(&mut doc, entries);
+        Metrics::from_dict(&doc, &f)
+    };
+    let symbolic = metrics(4, None);
+    assert_eq!(symbolic.decode(&codes), TEXT);
+    // The same font with its `post` version halves swapped (`00 00 00 02`) reads the same,
+    // as the renderer reads it (#2946).
+    let post = (0..count).map(|i| 12 + i * 16).find(|i| &subset[*i..*i + 4] == b"post").unwrap();
+    let at = u32::from_be_bytes(subset[post + 8..post + 12].try_into().unwrap()) as usize;
+    assert_eq!(subset[at..at + 4], [0, 2, 0, 0], "Inter's post is version 2.0");
+    let mut swapped = subset.clone();
+    swapped[at..at + 4].copy_from_slice(&[0, 0, 0, 2]);
+    let mut doc = Document::new_empty();
+    let program = doc.add(Object::Stream(Stream::flate(Dict::new(), &swapped)));
+    let mut descriptor = Dict::new();
+    descriptor.set(b"Flags".to_vec(), Object::Int(4));
+    descriptor.set(b"FontFile2".to_vec(), Object::Ref(program));
+    let f = font(&mut doc, vec![("Subtype", Object::name("TrueType")), ("FontDescriptor", Object::Dict(descriptor))]);
+    assert_eq!(Metrics::from_dict(&doc, &f).decode(&codes), TEXT, "a swapped post version");
+    assert_eq!(symbolic.decode(&[0x20, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3]), "kéaxw");
+    assert_eq!(symbolic.decode(&[0xC4]), "Ä", "a glyph name with no text reads as WinAnsi, not Standard's `tilde`");
+    assert_eq!(symbolic.decode(&[0xC5]), "Å", "`uni1eae` names nothing, so the code reads as WinAnsi, not U+1EAE");
+    assert_eq!(symbolic.encode("Solid").as_deref(), Some(&codes[..5]), "typing sets the same glyphs");
+    // A named encoding, or the Nonsymbolic flag, says what the codes are: they read through it.
+    assert_eq!(metrics(4, Some(Object::name("WinAnsiEncoding"))).decode(&codes), "6ROLGVWDWH");
+    // `/Differences` still names its codes: 0x36 shows `A` there, not the glyph's `S`.
+    let mut differences = Dict::new();
+    differences.set(b"Differences".to_vec(), Object::Array(vec![Object::Int(0x36), Object::name("A")]));
+    assert_eq!(metrics(4, Some(Object::Dict(differences))).decode(&codes), "Aolid state");
+    assert_eq!(metrics(32, None).decode(&codes), "6ROLGVWDWH");
+    // A font named as a symbol font reports nothing, as before: its glyph names can't be
+    // trusted to be Latin either.
+    let mut doc = Document::new_empty();
+    let program = doc.add(Object::Stream(Stream::flate(Dict::new(), &subset)));
+    let mut descriptor = Dict::new();
+    descriptor.set(b"Flags".to_vec(), Object::Int(4));
+    descriptor.set(b"FontFile2".to_vec(), Object::Ref(program));
+    let f = font(
+        &mut doc,
+        vec![
+            ("Subtype", Object::name("TrueType")),
+            ("BaseFont", Object::name("KNMDCP+WPTypographicSymbols")),
+            ("FontDescriptor", Object::Dict(descriptor)),
+        ],
+    );
+    assert_eq!(Metrics::from_dict(&doc, &f).decode(&codes), "");
+}
+
+/// The glyph list specification's `uni` and `u` forms spell their hex digits in uppercase
+/// (ISO 32000-2 §9.10.2); list names keep their own case.
+#[test]
+fn glyph_names_with_lowercase_hex_digits_name_nothing() {
+    for name in ["uni1EAE", "u1F600", "a", "ecircumflex", "f_i", "a.ss01", "uni0041_uni0042"] {
+        assert!(uppercase_hex_forms(name), "{name}");
+    }
+    for name in ["uni1eae", "u1f600", "uni20ac.alt", "f_uni20ac", "uni0041_uni00e9"] {
+        assert!(!uppercase_hex_forms(name), "{name}");
+    }
+}
+
 fn metrics_with_flags(flags: Option<Object>) -> Metrics {
     let mut doc = Document::new_empty();
     let mut descriptor = Dict::new();
diff --git a/crates/forms/src/appearance.rs b/crates/forms/src/appearance.rs
index 53c43a8226..ddbbe26590 100644
--- a/crates/forms/src/appearance.rs
+++ b/crates/forms/src/appearance.rs
@@ -858,11 +858,15 @@ fn field_appearance_fit(doc: &Document, f: &Field, w: &Widget, values: &[String]
             size = rows.size;
             let line = rows.row;
             let mut y = height - rows.inset;
-            for (export, display) in f.options.iter().skip(rows.top) {
+            // The field's own selection (its `/I`) when these are its values; values it doesn't
+            // hold yet select by export value alone.
+            let picked = if values == f.value.as_slice() { f.selected.clone() } else { crate::selected_options(&f.options, values, None) };
+            for (i, (_, display)) in f.options.iter().enumerate().skip(rows.top) {
                 if y - line < 0.0 {
                     break;
                 }
-                if values.contains(export) {
+                // Both sources list positions in ascending order.
+                if picked.binary_search(&i).is_ok() {
                     c.push_str(&format!("0.6 0.75 0.86 rg\n{} {} {} {} re f\n", n(bw), n(y - line), n(width - 2.0 * bw), n(line)));
                 }
                 show(pad, y - line + size * 0.25, display);
diff --git a/crates/forms/src/lib.rs b/crates/forms/src/lib.rs
index 59d040f3df..2cf76c6f3e 100644
--- a/crates/forms/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/forms/src/lib.rs
@@ -42,10 +42,11 @@ mod values;
 
 pub use appearances::{FieldAppearanceCache, declares_pdfa, need_appearances, undrawn_fields, with_field_appearances, with_field_appearances_cached};
 pub(crate) use read::page_refs;
+pub use read::selected_options;
 pub use read::{Fields, acroform, adopted_page_fields, fields, fields_with_adopted};
 #[cfg(test)]
 use read::{MAX_SCRIPT_BYTES, PageWalk, enumerate, form_reads};
-use read::{script, script_budget};
+use read::{first_by_export, script, script_budget};
 pub use tab_order::{TabOrder, move_in_tab_order, set_tab_order, tab_orders};
 #[cfg(test)]
 use values::has_password_flag;
@@ -159,6 +160,14 @@ pub struct Field {
     pub max_len: Option<usize>,
     /// Choice options: (export value, display text).
     pub options: Vec<(String, String)>,
+    /// Combo and list boxes: the selected options, as ascending positions in `options` (see
+    /// [`selected_options`]). Two options can share an export value, so `value` alone can't say
+    /// which of them is selected. Empty for other kinds.
+    pub selected: Vec<usize>,
+    /// A list box without MultiSelect whose `/V` is an array (a value of one option is a string,
+    /// ISO 32000-2 Table 233): `value` holds its first entry only, and picking that option again
+    /// writes the value as one string rather than leaving the array.
+    pub single_value_is_array: bool,
     /// Default appearance string (`/DA`, inherited from the form if absent).
     pub da: String,
     /// Quadding: 0 left, 1 centred, 2 right.
@@ -252,18 +261,75 @@ impl Field {
             && self.widgets.iter().position(|x| sharing(x) && x.state.is_none()) == Some(i)
     }
 
+    /// The value that gives this check box the stored value `value` (`/V`, `/DV`, imported or
+    /// script data): the on state it names (or whose `/Opt` export it is), so that of kids with
+    /// different on states the right one turns on (ISO 32000-2 §12.7.5.2.3, Table 230); checked
+    /// for any other value but Off, unchecked for none.
+    pub fn check_box_value(&self, value: Option<&str>) -> FieldValue {
+        match value.filter(|v| !v.is_empty() && *v != "Off") {
+            Some(v) => self.state_for(v).map_or(FieldValue::Check(true), |s| FieldValue::Text(s.to_owned())),
+            None => FieldValue::Check(false),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Combo and list boxes: this field's option positions `picked` as positions in `other`'s
+    /// options, in the same order. Same-name twins are one field (ISO 32000-2 §12.7.3.1) but can
+    /// list their options in different orders, and a value given by position is read in the first
+    /// twin's options. `None` when an option picked has no match in `other`.
+    pub fn positions_in(&self, other: &Field, picked: &[usize]) -> Option<Vec<usize>> {
+        option_positions_in(picked, &self.options, &other.options)
+    }
+
+    /// Combo and list boxes: the selected options in the order the value names them (`/V` keeps
+    /// the order they were picked in), so the last is the latest pick.
+    pub fn picked_in_order(&self) -> Vec<usize> {
+        let mut out: Vec<usize> = Vec::with_capacity(self.selected.len());
+        let mut taken: std::collections::HashSet<usize> = std::collections::HashSet::with_capacity(self.selected.len());
+        let mut unpicked = self.selected_by_export();
+        for v in &self.value {
+            if let Some(i) = unpicked.get_mut(v.as_str()).and_then(std::collections::VecDeque::pop_front) {
+                taken.insert(i);
+                out.push(i);
+            }
+        }
+        // Positions `/I` holds beyond what the value names (none while the two agree).
+        out.extend(self.selected.iter().copied().filter(|i| !taken.contains(i)));
+        out
+    }
+
     /// The value as one string: text, the state name, or the selected display texts.
     pub fn display_value(&self) -> String {
         match self.kind {
-            FieldKind::Combo | FieldKind::List => self
-                .value
-                .iter()
-                .map(|v| self.options.iter().find(|(e, _)| e == v).map_or(v.clone(), |(_, d)| d.clone()))
-                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-                .join(", "),
+            FieldKind::Combo | FieldKind::List => {
+                // Each value as the selected option it names (options can share an export
+                // value), in the value's order; past those, the first option exporting it.
+                let mut unpicked = self.selected_by_export();
+                let first = first_by_export(&self.options);
+                self.value
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|v| {
+                        let i =
+                            unpicked.get_mut(v.as_str()).and_then(std::collections::VecDeque::pop_front).or_else(|| first.get(v.as_str()).copied());
+                        i.and_then(|i| self.options.get(i)).map_or(v.clone(), |(_, d)| d.clone())
+                    })
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                    .join(", ")
+            }
             _ => self.value.join(", "),
         }
     }
+
+    /// The selected positions grouped by the export value of their option, each group
+    /// ascending, so a value takes the next selected option exporting it in one lookup.
+    fn selected_by_export(&self) -> std::collections::HashMap<&str, std::collections::VecDeque<usize>> {
+        let mut out: std::collections::HashMap<&str, std::collections::VecDeque<usize>> = std::collections::HashMap::new();
+        for &i in &self.selected {
+            if let Some((e, _)) = self.options.get(i) {
+                out.entry(e.as_str()).or_default().push_back(i);
+            }
+        }
+        out
+    }
 }
 
 /// A value to put in a field.
@@ -281,6 +347,10 @@ pub enum FieldValue {
     Widget(usize),
     /// Combo box or list box: export values (several only for multi-select lists).
     Choice(Vec<String>),
+    /// Combo box or list box: options by their zero-based position in `/Opt` (as `/I` numbers
+    /// them), which tells apart options that share an export value. Several only for
+    /// multi-select lists; `/V` takes them in this order.
+    ChoiceIndices(Vec<usize>),
 }
 
 // ── reading ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -334,3 +404,14 @@ fn name_obj(text: &str) -> Object {
 fn invalid<T>(m: impl Into<String>) -> Result<T, FormError> {
     Err(FormError::Invalid(m.into()))
 }
+
+/// The positions in `target` of the options at positions `picked` in `source`, in the same order:
+/// each goes to `target`'s first not yet taken option with the same export value and text, so two
+/// options sharing both stay apart. `None` when one has no such option in `target`.
+pub(crate) fn option_positions_in(picked: &[usize], source: &[(String, String)], target: &[(String, String)]) -> Option<Vec<usize>> {
+    let mut free: std::collections::HashMap<(&str, &str), std::collections::VecDeque<usize>> = std::collections::HashMap::new();
+    for (i, (e, d)) in target.iter().enumerate() {
+        free.entry((e.as_str(), d.as_str())).or_default().push_back(i);
+    }
+    picked.iter().map(|&p| source.get(p).and_then(|(e, d)| free.get_mut(&(e.as_str(), d.as_str()))).and_then(|q| q.pop_front())).collect()
+}
diff --git a/crates/forms/src/read.rs b/crates/forms/src/read.rs
index 6fcb46f2e1..ddd71f0b05 100644
--- a/crates/forms/src/read.rs
+++ b/crates/forms/src/read.rs
@@ -243,6 +243,69 @@ fn values_of(doc: &Document, o: Option<&Object>, budget: &mut DecodeBudget) -> V
     }
 }
 
+/// A choice field's `/I` (ISO 32000-2 Table 234) as option positions, when it is usable: an array
+/// of integers "sorted in ascending order", each naming one of `count` options. `None` when it is
+/// absent or anything in it is not (a non-integer, a position out of range, out of order or
+/// repeated), so the field falls back to `/V`.
+pub(crate) fn listed_indices(doc: &Document, d: &Dict, count: usize) -> Option<Vec<usize>> {
+    let listed = doc.resolve(d.get(b"I")?);
+    let entries = listed.as_array()?;
+    // Strictly ascending positions below `count` number at most `count`.
+    if entries.len() > count {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let mut out: Vec<usize> = Vec::with_capacity(entries.len());
+    for e in entries {
+        let i = usize::try_from(doc.resolve(e).as_int()?).ok().filter(|&i| i < count)?;
+        if out.last().is_some_and(|&last| last >= i) {
+            return None;
+        }
+        out.push(i);
+    }
+    Some(out)
+}
+
+/// The options a choice field shows selected, as ascending positions in `options`, given its
+/// values (`/V`) and its usable `/I` ([`listed_indices`]).
+///
+/// `/I` decides when it names the same export values as `/V`: it "shall be used when two or more
+/// elements in the Opt array have different names but the same export value", and "if the items
+/// identified by this entry differ from those in the V entry …, the V entry shall be used" (ISO
+/// 32000-2 Table 234). Otherwise each value selects the first option with that export value, as
+/// the writer numbers `/I` when it is given only an export value, so a pick keeps showing the same
+/// option when `/I` is lost. A value no option exports selects nothing.
+pub fn selected_options(options: &[(String, String)], values: &[String], listed: Option<&[usize]>) -> Vec<usize> {
+    if let Some(listed) = listed {
+        // The same items, each as many times: `/V [(1) (1)]` names two items, which an `/I [1]`
+        // naming one doesn't, so `/V` decides then.
+        let mut named: Vec<&str> = values.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
+        named.sort_unstable();
+        let exports: Option<Vec<&str>> = listed.iter().map(|&i| options.get(i).map(|(e, _)| e.as_str())).collect();
+        if let Some(mut exports) = exports {
+            exports.sort_unstable();
+            if exports == named {
+                return listed.to_vec();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    let first = first_by_export(options);
+    let mut out: Vec<usize> = values.iter().filter_map(|v| first.get(v.as_str()).copied()).collect();
+    out.sort_unstable();
+    out.dedup();
+    out
+}
+
+/// Each export value in `options` with the position of the first option exporting it, so
+/// matching values against options takes one pass over each rather than one over the options per
+/// value (a file can hold many of both).
+pub(crate) fn first_by_export(options: &[(String, String)]) -> std::collections::HashMap<&str, usize> {
+    let mut first: std::collections::HashMap<&str, usize> = std::collections::HashMap::with_capacity(options.len());
+    for (i, (e, _)) in options.iter().enumerate() {
+        first.entry(e.as_str()).or_insert(i);
+    }
+    first
+}
+
 fn nums(doc: &Document, o: Option<&Object>) -> Option<Vec<f64>> {
     let o = doc.resolve(o?);
     o.as_array()?.iter().map(|x| doc.resolve(x).as_f64()).collect()
@@ -676,16 +739,36 @@ fn walk(
             Object::Array(pair) if pair.len() >= 2 => Some((text_of(&doc.resolve(&pair[0]))?, text_of(&doc.resolve(&pair[1]))?)),
             other => text_of(other).map(|t| (t.clone(), t)),
         })
-        .collect();
+        .collect::<Vec<(String, String)>>();
+    let mut value = values_of(doc, inh.v.as_ref(), &mut seen.values);
+    // A list box without MultiSelect selects one option: "if clear, at most one item shall be
+    // selected" (ISO 32000-2 Table 233). Given an array /V or /DV anyway, it holds the first
+    // value only, and shows and resets to it; the file keeps its entries until the field is filled.
+    let mut default = values_of(doc, inh.dv.as_ref(), &mut seen.values);
+    let single = kind == FieldKind::List && ff & flags::MULTI_SELECT == 0;
+    let single_value_is_array = single && inh.v.as_ref().is_some_and(|v| doc.resolve(v).as_array().is_some());
+    if single {
+        value.truncate(1);
+        default.truncate(1);
+    }
+    let mut selected = match kind {
+        FieldKind::Combo | FieldKind::List => selected_options(&options, &value, listed_indices(doc, d, options.len()).as_deref()),
+        _ => Vec::new(),
+    };
+    if single {
+        selected.truncate(1);
+    }
     out.push(Field {
         name: inh.name.clone(),
         obj: r,
         kind,
-        value: values_of(doc, inh.v.as_ref(), &mut seen.values),
-        default: values_of(doc, inh.dv.as_ref(), &mut seen.values),
+        value,
+        default,
         flags: ff,
         max_len: inh.max_len,
         options,
+        selected,
+        single_value_is_array,
         da: inh.da.clone().unwrap_or_else(|| "/Helv 0 Tf 0 g".into()),
         quadding: inh.q.unwrap_or(0),
         tooltip: d.get(b"TU").and_then(|o| text_of(&doc.resolve(o))),
diff --git a/crates/forms/src/scripting.rs b/crates/forms/src/scripting.rs
index 78dcdcff28..eda371c0a3 100644
--- a/crates/forms/src/scripting.rs
+++ b/crates/forms/src/scripting.rs
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ pub(crate) fn apply_changes(doc: &mut Document, changes: &[FieldChange], except:
         {
             let value = match f.kind {
                 FieldKind::Text => FieldValue::Text(v.first().cloned().unwrap_or_default()),
-                FieldKind::CheckBox => FieldValue::Check(!v.is_empty()),
+                FieldKind::CheckBox => f.check_box_value(v.first().map(String::as_str)),
                 FieldKind::Radio => FieldValue::Radio(v.first().cloned()),
                 FieldKind::Combo | FieldKind::List => FieldValue::Choice(v.clone()),
                 _ => continue,
diff --git a/crates/forms/src/tests.rs b/crates/forms/src/tests.rs
index 8ad139fb9f..2d9bbe90f4 100644
--- a/crates/forms/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/forms/src/tests.rs
@@ -6555,6 +6555,338 @@ fn a_read_only_button_is_not_turned_on_by_number() {
     assert_eq!(on_widgets(&doc, "r").0, [false, false, true]);
 }
 
+/// Two check box fields of two kids each: `pair` with the on states `A` and `B` (and `/DV /B`),
+/// `same` with `Yes` twice.
+fn check_box_kids() -> Document {
+    let kid = |parent: usize, x: u32, state: &str| {
+        format!(
+            "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /Parent {parent} 0 R /AS /Off /Rect [{x} 700 {} 715] /P 3 0 R /AP << /N << /{state} 10 0 R /Off 11 0 R >> >> >>",
+            x + 15
+        )
+    };
+    let objs: Vec<String> = vec![
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm 4 0 R >>".into(),                 // 1
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 600 800] >>".into(), // 2
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R 9 0 R] >>".into(), // 3
+        "<< /Fields [5 0 R 12 0 R] /DA (/Helv 0 Tf 0 g) >>".into(),                 // 4
+        "<< /FT /Btn /T (pair) /V /Off /DV /B /Kids [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>".into(),       // 5
+        kid(5, 100, "A"),                                                           // 6
+        kid(5, 200, "B"),                                                           // 7
+        kid(12, 100, "Yes"),                                                        // 8
+        kid(12, 200, "Yes"),                                                        // 9
+        "<< /Length 0 >>\nstream\n\nendstream".into(),                              // 10
+        "<< /Length 0 >>\nstream\n\nendstream".into(),                              // 11
+        "<< /FT /Btn /T (same) /V /Off /Kids [8 0 R 9 0 R] >>".into(),              // 12
+    ];
+    document(&objs)
+}
+
+/// ISO 32000-2 §12.7.5.2.3: a check box field's `/V` is the on state of its kid that is on, and
+/// its kids can have different on states (Table 230). Naming `B` ticks `B` and clears `A`;
+/// "checked" keeps the kid that is on; a reset goes back to `/DV /B`. Kids sharing `Yes` tick
+/// together (EXAMPLE 2).
+#[test]
+fn check_box_kids_with_different_on_states_tick_one_at_a_time() {
+    let mut doc = check_box_kids();
+    set_value(&mut doc, "pair", &FieldValue::Text("A".into())).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(on_widgets(&doc, "pair"), (vec![true, false], vec!["A".to_string()]));
+    set_value(&mut doc, "pair", &FieldValue::Text("B".into())).unwrap();
+    let mut doc = reopen(&doc);
+    assert_eq!(on_widgets(&doc, "pair"), (vec![false, true], vec!["B".to_string()]), "B, after a save");
+    set_value(&mut doc, "pair", &FieldValue::Check(true)).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(on_widgets(&doc, "pair").0, [false, true], "checked keeps the kid that is on");
+    set_value(&mut doc, "pair", &FieldValue::Check(false)).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(on_widgets(&doc, "pair"), (vec![false, false], vec![]));
+    set_value(&mut doc, "pair", &FieldValue::Check(true)).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(on_widgets(&doc, "pair").0, [true, false], "from off, checked takes the first kid");
+    reset(&mut doc, None).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(on_widgets(&doc, "pair"), (vec![false, true], vec!["B".to_string()]), "reset goes back to /DV /B");
+    // Kids sharing an on state tick and untick together.
+    set_value(&mut doc, "same", &FieldValue::Text("Yes".into())).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(on_widgets(&doc, "same"), (vec![true, true], vec!["Yes".to_string()]));
+    set_value(&mut doc, "same", &FieldValue::Check(false)).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(on_widgets(&doc, "same").0, [false, false]);
+    assert!(matches!(set_value(&mut doc, "pair", &FieldValue::Text("C".into())), Err(FormError::Invalid(_))));
+    // A script that sets the value to B ticks B.
+    let to_b = FieldChange { name: "pair".into(), value: Some(vec!["B".into()]), ..FieldChange::default() };
+    set_value(&mut doc, "pair", &FieldValue::Text("A".into())).unwrap();
+    apply_script_changes(&mut doc, &[to_b], &mut NoScripts).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(on_widgets(&doc, "pair"), (vec![false, true], vec!["B".to_string()]), "a script's B");
+}
+
+/// A one-page form with list box `dup` (single select unless `ff` says otherwise) whose first two
+/// options share the export value `1`, plus `extra` entries (`/V`, `/I`) on the field.
+fn duplicate_exports(ff: u32, extra: &str) -> Document {
+    let objs: Vec<String> = vec![
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm 4 0 R >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 600 800] >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [6 0 R] >>".into(),
+        "<< /Fields [6 0 R] /NeedAppearances true /DA (/Helv 10 Tf 0 g) /DR << /Font << /Helv 5 0 R >> >> >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >>".into(),
+        format!(
+            "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (dup) /Ff {ff} /Opt [[(1) (One-A)] [(1) (One-B)] [(2) (Two)]] {extra} /Rect [50 700 200 746] /P 3 0 R >>"
+        ),
+    ];
+    document(&objs)
+}
+
+/// The bottom edges of the highlighted rows in a list box appearance, top row first.
+fn highlighted_rows(appearance: &str) -> Vec<String> {
+    let lines: Vec<&str> = appearance.lines().collect();
+    lines.windows(2).filter(|w| w[0] == "0.6 0.75 0.86 rg").map(|w| w[1].split(' ').nth(1).unwrap_or_default().to_string()).collect()
+}
+
+/// The rows the display copy (`/NeedAppearances`) highlights in `dup`.
+fn shown_rows(doc: &Document) -> Vec<String> {
+    let copy = with_field_appearances(doc).expect("the form leaves its appearances to the viewer");
+    highlighted_rows(&ap(&copy, &field(&fields(&copy), "dup").widgets[0]))
+}
+
+/// ISO 32000-2 Table 234: `/I` "shall be used when two or more elements in the Opt array have
+/// different names but the same export value". `/V (1)` with `/I [1]` selects One-B alone, not
+/// every option exporting `1`.
+#[test]
+fn a_list_box_with_duplicate_export_values_selects_the_option_i_names() {
+    let doc = duplicate_exports(0, "/V (1) /I [1]");
+    let dup = field(&fields(&doc), "dup").clone();
+    assert_eq!(dup.selected, [1]);
+    assert_eq!(dup.display_value(), "One-B");
+    let one_b = shown_rows(&doc);
+    assert_eq!(one_b.len(), 1, "one highlighted row");
+    // The same field with /I [0] highlights the row above it.
+    let one_a = shown_rows(&duplicate_exports(0, "/V (1) /I [0]"));
+    assert_eq!(one_a.len(), 1);
+    assert_ne!(one_a, one_b, "One-A and One-B are different rows");
+    let row = |s: &[String]| s.first().and_then(|y| y.parse::<f64>().ok()).unwrap();
+    assert!(row(&one_b) < row(&one_a), "One-B is drawn below One-A");
+}
+
+/// Without a usable `/I`, `/V` decides (Table 234: "If the items identified by this entry differ
+/// from those in the V entry …, the V entry shall be used"), and an export value two options
+/// share selects the first of them. A malformed `/I` never panics.
+#[test]
+fn an_unusable_i_falls_back_to_the_first_option_with_the_value() {
+    for (extra, multi, want) in [
+        ("/V (1)", 0, vec![0]),                           // no /I: the first option exporting 1
+        ("/V (1) /I [5]", 0, vec![0]),                    // out of range
+        ("/V (1) /I [-1]", 0, vec![0]),                   // negative
+        ("/V (1) /I [(1)]", 0, vec![0]),                  // not an integer
+        ("/V (1) /I [1.5]", 0, vec![0]),                  // not a whole number
+        ("/V (1) /I 1", 0, vec![0]),                      // not an array
+        ("/V (1) /I [2]", 0, vec![0]),                    // names Two, which /V doesn't
+        ("/V (1) /I []", 0, vec![0]),                     // names nothing
+        ("/V [(1) (2)] /I [2 1]", 1 << 21, vec![0, 2]),   // not ascending
+        ("/V [(1) (2)] /I [1 1 2]", 1 << 21, vec![0, 2]), // repeated
+        ("/V [(1) (2)] /I [1 2]", 1 << 21, vec![1, 2]),   // usable: One-B and Two
+        ("/V [(1) (1)] /I [0 1]", 1 << 21, vec![0, 1]),   // usable: both options exporting 1
+        ("/V [(1) (1)] /I [1]", 1 << 21, vec![0]),        // names one item where /V names two
+        ("/V [] /I [1]", 0, vec![]),                      // an empty value selects nothing
+        ("/V (9)", 0, vec![]),                            // no option exports 9
+    ] {
+        let doc = duplicate_exports(multi, extra);
+        assert_eq!(field(&fields(&doc), "dup").selected, want, "{extra}");
+        assert_eq!(shown_rows(&doc).len(), want.len(), "{extra}");
+    }
+    // Pure: positions past the options or unlike the values are ignored.
+    let options = [("1".to_string(), "One-A".to_string()), ("1".to_string(), "One-B".to_string())];
+    assert_eq!(selected_options(&options, &["1".into()], Some(&[1])), [1]);
+    assert_eq!(selected_options(&options, &["1".into()], Some(&[7])), [0]);
+    assert_eq!(selected_options(&options, &[], Some(&[])), Vec::<usize>::new());
+}
+
+/// Picking an option by position writes its export value to `/V` and its position to `/I`, so a
+/// pick of One-A or One-B survives a save and reopen; picking by display text does the same.
+#[test]
+fn picking_one_of_two_options_with_the_same_export_value_round_trips() {
+    for (value, want) in [
+        (FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(vec![0]), 0),
+        (FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(vec![1]), 1),
+        (FieldValue::Text("One-B".into()), 1),
+        (FieldValue::Text("One-A".into()), 0),
+        (FieldValue::Choice(vec!["1".into()]), 0),
+    ] {
+        let mut doc = duplicate_exports(0, "/V (1) /I [1]");
+        set_value(&mut doc, "dup", &value).unwrap();
+        let doc = reopen(&doc);
+        let dup = field(&fields(&doc), "dup").clone();
+        let d = doc.get(dup.obj).as_dict().cloned().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(d.get(b"V").and_then(|v| v.as_string()).map(|s| s.to_text()).as_deref(), Some("1"), "{value:?}: /V is one string");
+        let i: Vec<i64> = d.get(b"I").and_then(|i| i.as_array()).unwrap().iter().filter_map(Object::as_int).collect();
+        assert_eq!(i, [want as i64], "{value:?}");
+        assert_eq!(dup.selected, [want], "{value:?}");
+        assert_eq!(highlighted_rows(&ap(&doc, &dup.widgets[0])).len(), 1, "{value:?}: its saved look highlights one row");
+    }
+    // The saved look highlights the row picked, not the first with its value.
+    let saved = |pick: usize| {
+        let mut doc = duplicate_exports(0, "");
+        set_value(&mut doc, "dup", &FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(vec![pick])).unwrap();
+        highlighted_rows(&ap(&doc, &field(&fields(&doc), "dup").widgets[0]))
+    };
+    assert_ne!(saved(0), saved(1));
+    // Positions are checked: out of range, or several in a single-select list.
+    let mut doc = duplicate_exports(0, "");
+    assert!(matches!(set_value(&mut doc, "dup", &FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(vec![3])), Err(FormError::Invalid(_))));
+    assert!(matches!(set_value(&mut doc, "dup", &FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(vec![usize::MAX])), Err(FormError::Invalid(_))));
+    assert!(matches!(set_value(&mut doc, "dup", &FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(vec![0, 1])), Err(FormError::Invalid(_))));
+    // A multi-select list takes both options that share the value, in ascending /I.
+    let mut doc = duplicate_exports(1 << 21, "");
+    set_value(&mut doc, "dup", &FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(vec![1, 0])).unwrap();
+    let doc = reopen(&doc);
+    let dup = field(&fields(&doc), "dup").clone();
+    assert_eq!(dup.value, ["1", "1"]);
+    assert_eq!(dup.selected, [0, 1]);
+    assert_eq!(dup.picked_in_order(), [0, 1]);
+    // A check box can't take positions.
+    let mut doc = fixture();
+    assert!(matches!(set_value(&mut doc, "agree", &FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(vec![0])), Err(FormError::Invalid(_))));
+}
+
+/// A file can hold a list box with very many options and values. Matching values to options
+/// takes one lookup per value, not a scan of the options (or of the selection) for each, so
+/// reading and showing such a field stays fast. Two options share each export value, and every
+/// result still names the first option exporting a value, or the next one selected.
+#[test]
+fn many_options_and_values_match_in_linear_time() {
+    const N: usize = 100_000;
+    let options: Vec<(String, String)> = (0..2 * N).map(|i| (format!("e{}", i / 2), format!("d{i}"))).collect();
+    let values: Vec<String> = (0..N).rev().map(|k| format!("e{k}")).collect();
+    let started = std::time::Instant::now();
+    let selected = selected_options(&options, &values, None);
+    assert_eq!(selected, (0..N).map(|k| 2 * k).collect::<Vec<_>>(), "the first option exporting each value");
+    let took = started.elapsed();
+    assert!(took < std::time::Duration::from_secs(2), "selected_options took {took:?}");
+
+    let mut list = field(&fields(&fixture()), "toppings").clone();
+    list.options = options;
+    list.value = values;
+    list.selected = (0..2 * N).collect();
+    let started = std::time::Instant::now();
+    let order = list.picked_in_order();
+    let shown = list.display_value();
+    let took = started.elapsed();
+    assert!(took < std::time::Duration::from_secs(2), "picked_in_order and display_value took {took:?}");
+    // The values name e{N-1} first: its first option, then down to e0; the second option of
+    // each value is selected without a value naming it, so it follows in ascending order.
+    assert_eq!(order.first(), Some(&(2 * (N - 1))));
+    assert_eq!(order.get(N - 1), Some(&0));
+    assert_eq!(order.get(N..), Some(&(0..N).map(|k| 2 * k + 1).collect::<Vec<_>>()[..]));
+    assert!(shown.starts_with(&format!("d{}, d{}", 2 * (N - 1), 2 * (N - 2))), "{}", shown.get(..40).unwrap_or(&shown));
+}
+
+/// A one-page form with list box `pair` (single select unless `ff` says otherwise) of three
+/// countries, plus `extra` entries (`/V`, `/DV`, `/I`) on the field.
+fn countries(ff: u32, extra: &str) -> Document {
+    let objs: Vec<String> = vec![
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm 4 0 R >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 600 800] >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [6 0 R] >>".into(),
+        "<< /Fields [6 0 R] /NeedAppearances true /DA (/Helv 10 Tf 0 g) /DR << /Font << /Helv 5 0 R >> >> >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >>".into(),
+        format!(
+            "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (pair) /Ff {ff} /Opt [[(TW) (Taiwan)] [(JP) (Japan)] [(US) (United States)]] {extra} /Rect [50 700 200 746] /P 3 0 R >>"
+        ),
+    ];
+    document(&objs)
+}
+
+/// ISO 32000-2 Table 233, MultiSelect: "if clear, at most one item shall be selected". A list box
+/// without it given `/V [(TW) (JP)]` holds and shows Taiwan alone, and opening it changes nothing
+/// in the file.
+#[test]
+fn a_single_select_list_given_several_values_shows_the_first() {
+    for (extra, multi, value, want) in [
+        ("/V [(TW) (JP)]", 0, vec!["TW"], vec![0]),
+        ("/V [(JP) (TW)]", 0, vec!["JP"], vec![1]),
+        ("/V [(TW) (JP)] /I [0 1]", 0, vec!["TW"], vec![0]), // /I names more than the one value
+        ("/V [(XX) (JP)]", 0, vec!["XX"], vec![]),           // the first value is no option
+        ("/V []", 0, vec![], vec![]),
+        ("/V [(TW) (JP)]", 1 << 21, vec!["TW", "JP"], vec![0, 1]), // multi-select keeps both
+    ] {
+        let doc = countries(multi, extra);
+        let pair = field(&fields(&doc), "pair").clone();
+        assert_eq!(pair.value, value, "{extra}");
+        assert_eq!(pair.selected, want, "{extra}");
+        let copy = with_field_appearances(&doc).expect("left to the viewer");
+        assert_eq!(highlighted_rows(&ap(&copy, &field(&fields(&copy), "pair").widgets[0])).len(), want.len(), "{extra}");
+        // Reading and drawing the display copy leaves the field's own /V as it was.
+        let v = doc.get(pair.obj).as_dict().and_then(|d| d.get(b"V").cloned()).unwrap();
+        assert!(matches!(v, Object::Array(_)), "{extra}: {v:?}");
+    }
+    // Two options selected by /I alone in a single-select list: the first.
+    let doc = duplicate_exports(0, "/V (1) /I [0 1]");
+    assert_eq!(field(&fields(&doc), "dup").selected, [0]);
+}
+
+/// Picking a row in such a list writes one string to `/V` and that option's position to `/I`,
+/// and Clear form goes back to the first value of an array `/DV` instead of refusing it.
+#[test]
+fn picking_in_a_single_select_list_given_several_values_writes_one() {
+    for (pick, export, index) in [(FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(vec![2]), "US", 2), (FieldValue::Choice(vec!["JP".into()]), "JP", 1)] {
+        let mut doc = countries(0, "/V [(TW) (JP)] /I [0 1]");
+        set_value(&mut doc, "pair", &pick).unwrap();
+        let doc = reopen(&doc);
+        let pair = field(&fields(&doc), "pair").clone();
+        let d = doc.get(pair.obj).as_dict().cloned().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(d.get(b"V").and_then(|v| v.as_string()).map(|s| s.to_text()).as_deref(), Some(export), "{pick:?}: /V is one string");
+        let i: Vec<i64> = d.get(b"I").and_then(|i| i.as_array()).unwrap().iter().filter_map(Object::as_int).collect();
+        assert_eq!(i, [index], "{pick:?}");
+        assert_eq!((pair.value, pair.selected), (vec![export.to_string()], vec![index as usize]));
+    }
+    let mut doc = countries(0, "/V (US) /DV [(JP) (TW)]");
+    assert_eq!(reset(&mut doc, None).unwrap(), 1);
+    let pair = field(&fields(&doc), "pair").clone();
+    assert_eq!((pair.value, pair.selected), (vec!["JP".to_string()], vec![1]));
+}
+
+/// A position picked twice is written once in both `/V` and `/I`, so they still match item for
+/// item and the option picked (the second of two sharing an export value) comes back on reopen.
+#[test]
+fn a_position_picked_twice_is_written_once_in_v_and_i() {
+    let mut doc = duplicate_exports(1 << 21, "");
+    set_value(&mut doc, "dup", &FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(vec![1, 1])).unwrap();
+    let dup = field(&fields(&doc), "dup").clone();
+    let d = doc.get(dup.obj).as_dict().cloned().unwrap();
+    let v: Vec<String> = match d.get(b"V") {
+        Some(Object::Array(a)) => a.iter().filter_map(|o| o.as_string().map(|s| s.to_text())).collect(),
+        Some(o) => o.as_string().map(|s| vec![s.to_text()]).unwrap_or_default(),
+        None => Vec::new(),
+    };
+    let i: Vec<i64> = d.get(b"I").and_then(|i| i.as_array()).map(|a| a.iter().filter_map(Object::as_int).collect()).unwrap_or_default();
+    assert_eq!((v, i), (vec!["1".to_string()], vec![1]), "one entry each");
+    assert_eq!(dup.selected, [1], "One-B, not One-A");
+}
+
+/// A same-name twin listing the options sharing an export value in another order is given the
+/// option picked, not the one at the same position: `/I` is mapped to the twin's own options.
+#[test]
+fn a_twin_with_options_in_another_order_gets_the_option_picked() {
+    let objs: Vec<String> = vec![
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm 4 0 R >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 600 800] >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>".into(),
+        "<< /Fields [6 0 R 7 0 R] /NeedAppearances true /DA (/Helv 10 Tf 0 g) /DR << /Font << /Helv 5 0 R >> >> >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (dup) /Ff 0 /Opt [[(1) (One-A)] [(1) (One-B)] [(2) (Two)]] /Rect [50 700 200 746] /P 3 0 R >>"
+            .into(),
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (dup) /Ff 0 /Opt [[(1) (One-B)] [(1) (One-A)] [(2) (Two)]] /Rect [50 600 200 646] /P 3 0 R >>"
+            .into(),
+    ];
+    let mut doc = document(&objs);
+    set_value(&mut doc, "dup", &FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(vec![1])).unwrap();
+    let all = fields(&doc);
+    let twin = all.iter().find(|f| f.obj == pdfcraft_cos::ObjRef::new(7, 0)).unwrap();
+    let i: Vec<i64> = doc
+        .get(twin.obj)
+        .as_dict()
+        .and_then(|d| d.get(b"I").and_then(|i| i.as_array().cloned()))
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+        .iter()
+        .filter_map(Object::as_int)
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(i, [0], "One-B is first in the twin's options");
+    assert_eq!(twin.selected, [0]);
+}
+
 /// A `/MK /BC` or `/BG` written `[1 0 0 null]` is CMYK with the null as 0, as annotation `/C`
 /// colours are read (PDFBOX-2699), not RGB from the three numbers left; three numbers stay RGB.
 #[test]
diff --git a/crates/forms/src/values.rs b/crates/forms/src/values.rs
index d37be9711c..b4fa382189 100644
--- a/crates/forms/src/values.rs
+++ b/crates/forms/src/values.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use super::appearances::{declares_pdfa, need_appearances};
-use super::read::{acroform, field_flags, fields, listing_fields_named, page_refs};
+use super::read::{acroform, field_flags, fields, listed_indices, listing_fields_named, page_refs, selected_options};
 use super::{
     Dict, Document, Field, FieldEvent, FieldKind, FieldValue, FormError, NoScripts, ObjRef, Object, PdfString, Scripts, Widget, af, appearance,
     author, calc_order, flags, invalid, name_obj, scripting,
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ fn fill(doc: &mut Document, all: &[Field], named: &[usize], name: &str, value: &
     if !twins.is_empty() {
         let taken = fields(doc).into_iter().find(|x| x.obj == f.obj).map(|x| x.value).unwrap_or_default();
         for t in twins {
-            share_value(doc, f.obj, t, &taken, scripts)?;
+            share_value(doc, (f.obj, &f.options), t, &taken, scripts)?;
         }
     }
     // A field whose `/Kids` lists radio fields that don't name it as their `/Parent` has their
@@ -133,9 +133,15 @@ fn fill(doc: &mut Document, all: &[Field], named: &[usize], name: &str, value: &
     Ok(())
 }
 
-/// Give `twin` the value `source` holds: its `/V` (and a choice's `/I`), drawn in the twin's own
-/// widgets.
-fn share_value(doc: &mut Document, source: ObjRef, twin: &Field, value: &[String], scripts: &mut dyn Scripts) -> Result<(), FormError> {
+/// Give `twin` the value `source` (a field and its options) holds: its `/V`, and a choice's `/I`
+/// mapped to the twin's own options, drawn in the twin's own widgets.
+fn share_value(
+    doc: &mut Document,
+    (source, source_options): (ObjRef, &[(String, String)]),
+    twin: &Field,
+    value: &[String],
+    scripts: &mut dyn Scripts,
+) -> Result<(), FormError> {
     match twin.kind {
         FieldKind::CheckBox => {
             let state = twin.widgets.iter().find_map(|w| w.on_state.clone()).unwrap_or_else(|| "Yes".into());
@@ -153,18 +159,37 @@ fn share_value(doc: &mut Document, source: ObjRef, twin: &Field, value: &[String
         }
         FieldKind::Text | FieldKind::Combo | FieldKind::List => {
             let src = doc.get(source).as_dict().cloned().unwrap_or_default();
+            // `/I` holds positions in the source's options: each goes to the twin's first unused option
+            // with the same export value and text, its options perhaps in another order. One with no
+            // match leaves the twin no `/I` (its `/V` picks), never part of one.
+            let positions = match twin.kind {
+                FieldKind::Combo | FieldKind::List => {
+                    listed_indices(doc, &src, source_options.len()).and_then(|picked| twin_positions(&picked, source_options, &twin.options))
+                }
+                _ => None,
+            };
             doc.update_dict(twin.obj, |d| {
-                for key in [&b"V"[..], b"I"] {
-                    match src.get(key) {
-                        Some(v) => d.set(key.to_vec(), v.clone()),
-                        None => {
-                            d.remove(key);
-                        }
+                match src.get(b"V") {
+                    Some(v) => d.set(b"V".to_vec(), v.clone()),
+                    None => {
+                        d.remove(b"V");
+                    }
+                }
+                match &positions {
+                    Some(p) => d.set(b"I".to_vec(), Object::Array(p.iter().map(|&i| Object::Int(i64::try_from(i).unwrap_or(i64::MAX))).collect())),
+                    None => {
+                        d.remove(b"I");
                     }
                 }
                 d.remove(b"RV");
             })?;
-            redraw(doc, twin, value, scripts)
+            // Drawn with the options that `/I` selects, not only the export values.
+            let mut shown = twin.clone();
+            shown.value = value.to_vec();
+            if matches!(twin.kind, FieldKind::Combo | FieldKind::List) {
+                shown.selected = selected_options(&twin.options, value, positions.as_deref());
+            }
+            redraw(doc, &shown, value, scripts)
         }
         FieldKind::PushButton | FieldKind::Signature => Ok(()),
     }
@@ -303,24 +328,33 @@ pub(crate) fn write_value(doc: &mut Document, f: &Field, value: &FieldValue, scr
             set_states(doc, f, Some(&state), Some(*i))
         }
         (FieldKind::CheckBox, v) => {
-            let state = f.widgets.iter().find_map(|w| w.on_state.clone()).unwrap_or_else(|| "Yes".into());
-            let on = match v {
-                FieldValue::Check(on) => *on,
-                // The on-state name or a yes/no word also work (agents, FDF-style data).
+            // The kids of one check box field can have different on states, and the field's
+            // value is the on state of the kid that is on (ISO 32000-2 §12.7.5.2.3, Table 230).
+            // "Checked" keeps the state that is on, else takes the first kid's.
+            let first = f.widgets.iter().find_map(|w| w.on_state.clone()).unwrap_or_else(|| "Yes".into());
+            let checked = || (0..f.widgets.len()).find(|&i| f.widget_on(i)).and_then(|i| f.widgets.get(i)?.on_state.clone()).unwrap_or(first.clone());
+            let state = match v {
+                FieldValue::Check(on) => on.then(checked),
+                // An on-state name (or `/Opt` export value) turns on the kids that have it; a
+                // yes/no word also works (agents, FDF-style data).
                 FieldValue::Text(t) | FieldValue::Radio(Some(t)) => {
                     let t = t.trim();
-                    if t == state || f.state_for(t).is_some() || ["yes", "true", "on", "1", "x", "checked"].contains(&t.to_lowercase().as_str()) {
-                        true
+                    if let Some(s) = f.state_for(t) {
+                        Some(s.to_owned())
+                    } else if t == first || ["yes", "true", "on", "1", "x", "checked"].contains(&t.to_lowercase().as_str()) {
+                        Some(checked())
                     } else if t.is_empty() || ["no", "false", "off", "0", "unchecked"].contains(&t.to_lowercase().as_str()) {
-                        false
+                        None
                     } else {
                         return invalid(format!("{:?} is a check box: use true or false", f.name));
                     }
                 }
-                FieldValue::Radio(None) => false,
-                FieldValue::Choice(_) | FieldValue::Widget(_) => return invalid(format!("{:?} is a check box: use true or false", f.name)),
+                FieldValue::Radio(None) => None,
+                FieldValue::Choice(_) | FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(_) | FieldValue::Widget(_) => {
+                    return invalid(format!("{:?} is a check box: use true or false", f.name));
+                }
             };
-            set_states(doc, f, on.then_some(state.as_str()), None)
+            set_states(doc, f, state.as_deref(), None)
         }
         (FieldKind::Radio, v) => {
             let choice = match v {
@@ -343,37 +377,67 @@ pub(crate) fn write_value(doc: &mut Document, f: &Field, value: &FieldValue, scr
             }
             set_states(doc, f, choice.as_deref(), None)
         }
-        (FieldKind::Combo | FieldKind::List, FieldValue::Choice(_) | FieldValue::Text(_)) => {
-            let vals: Vec<String> = match value {
-                FieldValue::Choice(v) => v.clone(),
-                FieldValue::Text(t) if t.is_empty() => Vec::new(),
-                FieldValue::Text(t) => vec![t.clone()],
-                other => return invalid(format!("{:?} can't take {other:?}", f.name)),
+        (FieldKind::Combo | FieldKind::List, FieldValue::Choice(_) | FieldValue::Text(_) | FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(_)) => {
+            let count = match value {
+                FieldValue::Choice(v) => v.len(),
+                FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(v) => v.len(),
+                _ => 1,
             };
-            if vals.len() > 1 && !(f.kind == FieldKind::List && f.has(flags::MULTI_SELECT)) {
+            if count > 1 && !(f.kind == FieldKind::List && f.has(flags::MULTI_SELECT)) {
                 return invalid(format!("{:?} takes a single value", f.name));
             }
-            // Accept export values or display texts; free text only in editable combo boxes.
+            // Each value as its export value and, when it is one of the options, that option's
+            // position: two options can share an export value, and the position (`/I`) says
+            // which one is picked (ISO 32000-2 Table 234).
             let mut exports = Vec::new();
-            for v in &vals {
-                match option_named(f, v).and_then(|i| f.options.get(i)) {
-                    Some((e, _)) => exports.push(e.clone()),
-                    None if f.kind == FieldKind::Combo && f.has(flags::EDIT) => exports.push(v.clone()),
-                    None if f.options.is_empty() => exports.push(v.clone()),
-                    None => {
-                        let opts: Vec<&str> = f.options.iter().map(|(_, d)| d.as_str()).collect();
-                        return invalid(format!("{:?} has no option {v:?} (options: {})", f.name, opts.join(", ")));
+            let mut picked: Vec<usize> = Vec::new();
+            // Each option once in both `/V` and `/I`: a reader that finds them differ (a repeat in one)
+            // goes by the export values alone and may pick another option sharing one.
+            let mut seen = vec![false; f.options.len()];
+            match value {
+                FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(positions) => {
+                    for &i in positions {
+                        let Some((e, _)) = f.options.get(i) else {
+                            return invalid(format!("{:?} has no option {} (it has {})", f.name, i.saturating_add(1), f.options.len()));
+                        };
+                        if first_pick(&mut seen, i) {
+                            exports.push(e.clone());
+                            picked.push(i);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    let vals: Vec<String> = match value {
+                        FieldValue::Choice(v) => v.clone(),
+                        FieldValue::Text(t) if t.is_empty() => Vec::new(),
+                        FieldValue::Text(t) => vec![t.clone()],
+                        other => return invalid(format!("{:?} can't take {other:?}", f.name)),
+                    };
+                    // Accept export values or display texts; free text only in editable combo boxes.
+                    for v in &vals {
+                        match option_named(f, v) {
+                            Some(i) => {
+                                if first_pick(&mut seen, i) {
+                                    exports.push(f.options.get(i).map(|(e, _)| e.clone()).unwrap_or_else(|| v.clone()));
+                                    picked.push(i);
+                                }
+                            }
+                            None if f.kind == FieldKind::Combo && f.has(flags::EDIT) => exports.push(v.clone()),
+                            None if f.options.is_empty() => exports.push(v.clone()),
+                            None => {
+                                let opts: Vec<&str> = f.options.iter().map(|(_, d)| d.as_str()).collect();
+                                return invalid(format!("{:?} has no option {v:?} (options: {})", f.name, opts.join(", ")));
+                            }
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
-            let mut indices: Vec<Object> =
-                exports.iter().filter_map(|e| f.options.iter().position(|(x, _)| x == e)).map(|i| Object::Int(i as i64)).collect();
-            // /I lists option indices in ascending order; /V keeps the caller's value order.
-            // Every entry above is an integer, so this sorts by its numeric option index.
-            indices.sort_unstable_by_key(Object::as_int);
+            // /I lists option indices in ascending order, each once; /V keeps the caller's order.
+            picked.sort_unstable();
+            picked.dedup();
+            let indices: Vec<Object> = picked.iter().map(|&i| Object::Int(i64::try_from(i).unwrap_or(i64::MAX))).collect();
             // A list box scrolls (`/TI`) so the picked options are among the rows it draws, as
             // in other viewers: a pick below the last visible row would otherwise not show (#1524).
-            let picked: Vec<usize> = indices.iter().filter_map(|i| i.as_int()).filter_map(|i| usize::try_from(i).ok()).collect();
             let top = list_scroll(f, &picked, f.options.len());
             // An empty value of its own keeps a parent field's /V from showing through.
             let shadow = exports.is_empty() && crate::author::ancestor_sets(doc, f.obj, b"V");
@@ -398,7 +462,10 @@ pub(crate) fn write_value(doc: &mut Document, f: &Field, value: &FieldValue, scr
                 }
             })?;
             scroll_widgets(doc, f, &picked, f.options.len())?;
-            redraw(doc, f, &exports, scripts)
+            let mut shown = f.clone();
+            shown.value = exports.clone();
+            shown.selected = picked;
+            redraw(doc, &shown, &exports, scripts)
         }
         (FieldKind::PushButton, _) => invalid(format!("{:?} is a button; it has no value", f.name)),
         (FieldKind::Signature, _) => invalid(format!("{:?} is a signature field; sign it with Fill & Sign or a digital ID", f.name)),
@@ -774,7 +841,7 @@ pub fn reset(doc: &mut Document, names: Option<&[String]>) -> Result<usize, Form
         }
         let v = match f.kind {
             FieldKind::Text => FieldValue::Text(f.default.first().cloned().unwrap_or_default()),
-            FieldKind::CheckBox => FieldValue::Check(!f.default.is_empty()),
+            FieldKind::CheckBox => f.check_box_value(f.default.first().map(String::as_str)),
             FieldKind::Radio => FieldValue::Radio(f.default.first().cloned()),
             FieldKind::Combo | FieldKind::List => FieldValue::Choice(f.default.clone()),
             FieldKind::PushButton | FieldKind::Signature => continue,
@@ -788,3 +855,22 @@ pub fn reset(doc: &mut Document, names: Option<&[String]>) -> Result<usize, Form
     recalculate(doc)?;
     Ok(changed)
 }
+
+/// Marks option `i` picked; false when it already was, or there is no such option.
+fn first_pick(seen: &mut [bool], i: usize) -> bool {
+    match seen.get_mut(i) {
+        Some(taken) if !*taken => {
+            *taken = true;
+            true
+        }
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
+/// The twin's positions for the source's picked positions `picked`, as
+/// [`crate::option_positions_in`] maps them, in ascending order, as `/I` lists them.
+fn twin_positions(picked: &[usize], source: &[(String, String)], twin: &[(String, String)]) -> Option<Vec<usize>> {
+    let mut out = crate::option_positions_in(picked, source, twin)?;
+    out.sort_unstable();
+    Some(out)
+}
diff --git a/crates/print/src/lib.rs b/crates/print/src/lib.rs
index 6d84f44bf4..74810db8d6 100644
--- a/crates/print/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/print/src/lib.rs
@@ -42,4 +42,6 @@ pub use settings::{
 };
 #[cfg(test)]
 use sheets::text_direction;
-pub use sheets::{LABEL_MARGIN, MARGIN, Placement, Sheet, add_cups_orientation, cups_orientation, layout, matching_paper, text_reads_up};
+pub use sheets::{
+    LABEL_MARGIN, MARGIN, Placement, Sheet, add_cups_orientation, cups_orientation, layout, matching_paper, text_reads_up, texts_read_up,
+};
diff --git a/crates/print/src/sheets.rs b/crates/print/src/sheets.rs
index f4cc0673c4..cca4bdc07e 100644
--- a/crates/print/src/sheets.rs
+++ b/crates/print/src/sheets.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,17 @@ pub fn add_cups_orientation(options: &mut Vec<(String, String)>, sheets: &[Sheet
 /// sideways on a letter or A4 sheet), counting each text-showing operator once; form XObjects
 /// are followed a few levels deep.
 pub fn text_reads_up(doc: &Document, index: usize) -> bool {
-    let Some(page) = pdfcraft_model::pages(doc).into_iter().nth(index) else { return false };
+    texts_read_up(doc, &[index]).first().copied().unwrap_or(false)
+}
+
+/// [`text_reads_up`] for each of `indices`, reading the page tree once: once per page, the
+/// whole tree would be walked for every page asked about.
+pub fn texts_read_up(doc: &Document, indices: &[usize]) -> Vec<bool> {
+    let pages = pdfcraft_model::pages(doc);
+    indices.iter().map(|&i| pages.get(i).is_some_and(|page| page_reads_up(doc, page))).collect()
+}
+
+fn page_reads_up(doc: &Document, page: &pdfcraft_model::Page) -> bool {
     let to_display = Matrix(page.view_matrix(doc)).invert().unwrap_or_default();
     let res = page.dict.get(b"Resources").and_then(|r| doc.resolve(r).as_dict().cloned()).unwrap_or_default();
     let mut score = 0i64;
diff --git a/crates/print/src/tests.rs b/crates/print/src/tests.rs
index 2de52b08f6..0cd844a53d 100644
--- a/crates/print/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/print/src/tests.rs
@@ -1440,3 +1440,17 @@ fn a_page_form_without_annotations_shares_the_pages_indirect_resources() {
     let Object::Stream(s) = &*doc.get(form) else { panic!("form stream") };
     assert_eq!(s.dict.get(b"Resources"), Some(&Object::Ref(res)));
 }
+
+/// Many pages asked about at once are answered from one walk of the page tree, each as
+/// [`text_reads_up`] answers it alone; a page past the end is `false`.
+#[test]
+fn texts_read_up_answers_many_pages_from_one_walk() {
+    let doc = fixture(3_000);
+    let all: Vec<usize> = (0..3_001).collect();
+    let started = std::time::Instant::now();
+    let up = texts_read_up(&doc, &all);
+    assert!(started.elapsed() < std::time::Duration::from_secs(20), "{:?}", started.elapsed());
+    assert_eq!(up.len(), all.len());
+    assert!(up.iter().all(|u| !u), "upright text, and no page 3000");
+    assert_eq!(up[1], text_reads_up(&doc, 1));
+}
diff --git a/crates/redact/src/lib.rs b/crates/redact/src/lib.rs
index 24e12b8038..ea1063fe01 100644
--- a/crates/redact/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/redact/src/lib.rs
@@ -1050,3 +1050,15 @@ pub fn clear_marks(doc: &mut Document, pages: Option<&[usize]>) -> Result<usize,
     }
     Ok(targets.len())
 }
+
+/// The name to save a document under after [`apply`]: `_Redacted` before the extension, as
+/// Acrobat appends it ("contract.pdf" gives "contract_Redacted.pdf"). The `.pdf` extension is
+/// matched in any letter case. A name that already ends in `_Redacted` keeps it once.
+pub fn redacted_file_name(name: &str) -> String {
+    let cut = name.len().saturating_sub(4);
+    let stem = match (name.get(..cut), name.get(cut..)) {
+        (Some(stem), Some(ext)) if ext.eq_ignore_ascii_case(".pdf") => stem,
+        _ => name,
+    };
+    if stem.ends_with("_Redacted") { format!("{stem}.pdf") } else { format!("{stem}_Redacted.pdf") }
+}
diff --git a/crates/redact/src/tests.rs b/crates/redact/src/tests.rs
index e25f0ef189..76068dbe5a 100644
--- a/crates/redact/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/redact/src/tests.rs
@@ -2719,6 +2719,17 @@ fn clearing_marks_leaves_the_annotation_list_as_it_was() {
     assert_eq!((doc.get(page), doc.get(list)), before, "the page points at its array, which lists the link alone");
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn redacted_copies_are_named_with_redacted_before_the_extension() {
+    assert_eq!(redacted_file_name("contract.pdf"), "contract_Redacted.pdf");
+    assert_eq!(redacted_file_name("SCAN.PDF"), "SCAN_Redacted.pdf");
+    assert_eq!(redacted_file_name("Report.Pdf"), "Report_Redacted.pdf");
+    // A document without the extension (opened from bytes) gets it.
+    assert_eq!(redacted_file_name("Untitled"), "Untitled_Redacted.pdf");
+    // Redacting a redacted copy again does not add a second suffix.
+    assert_eq!(redacted_file_name("contract_Redacted.pdf"), "contract_Redacted.pdf");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn unreadable_content_fails_closed() {
     let mut doc = one_page(b"", "", vec![]);
diff --git a/crates/render/Cargo.toml b/crates/render/Cargo.toml
index b5fc0e1bf1..a815802464 100644
--- a/crates/render/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/render/Cargo.toml
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ log = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true }
 # Reads rendered pixel words as bytes; already in the tree through hayro.
 bytemuck = { version = "1" }
+# Resolves relative URI actions against the catalog's /URI /Base, by the rules the browser uses;
+# already in the tree (pdfcraft-engine checks document links with it).
+url = "2.5"
 # Tells combining marks (bidi class NSM: general categories Mn and Me) in extracted text; the
 # version pdfcraft-fonts already uses.
 unicode-bidi = "0.3"
diff --git a/crates/render/src/inspect.rs b/crates/render/src/inspect.rs
index 606ee3d47f..e3455e083f 100644
--- a/crates/render/src/inspect.rs
+++ b/crates/render/src/inspect.rs
@@ -36,14 +36,17 @@ pub use core::{check_pages, inspect, pretty_date};
 #[cfg(test)]
 use core::{inspect_structure, spend};
 pub use model::{
-    Annotation, Attachment, AttachmentSource, DestView, Field, FieldKind, FontInfo, Layer, LayerOp, Link, LinkTarget, OutlineItem, PageInfo,
-    PageTransition, Portfolio, PortfolioView, RemoteDestination, ReviewStates, TransitionStyle, Xfa, link_replies, thread_tops,
+    Annotation, Attachment, AttachmentSource, DestView, Field, FieldKind, FontInfo, Layer, LayerItem, LayerOp, LayerRow, Link, LinkTarget,
+    OutlineItem, PageInfo, PageTransition, Portfolio, PortfolioView, RemoteDestination, ReviewStates, TransitionStyle, Xfa, link_replies,
+    thread_tops,
 };
 #[cfg(test)]
 use navigation::{OUTLINE_DEPTH, OUTLINE_WINDOW};
+#[cfg(test)]
+use resources::LABEL_DECODES;
 pub use resources::attachment_data;
 #[cfg(test)]
-use resources::{xfa_config_dynamic_render, xfa_packet_text};
+use resources::{MAX_LAYER_LABEL_CHARS, MAX_LAYER_ORDER_ROWS, xfa_config_dynamic_render, xfa_packet_text};
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
 pub struct DocInfo {
@@ -70,10 +73,17 @@ pub struct DocInfo {
     pub annotations: Vec<Annotation>,
     pub fields: Vec<Field>,
     pub links: Vec<Link>,
+    /// The catalog's `/URI /Base` (ISO 32000-2 Table 211), the base for relative URI actions, when
+    /// it is a string of at most [`crate::MAX_URI_BASE_BYTES`].
+    pub uri_base: Option<String>,
     pub layers: Vec<Layer>,
     /// Radio-button layer groups (`/OCProperties /D /RBGroups`): turning one layer of a group on
     /// turns the others off.
     pub layer_groups: Vec<Vec<(u32, u16)>>,
+    /// The Layers panel's rows: the default configuration's `/Order` (ISO 32000-2 Table 99), a
+    /// tree of layers (indices into `layers`) and labels. A layer it doesn't list isn't presented,
+    /// though it still draws in its state; no `/Order` presents none.
+    pub layer_order: Vec<LayerRow>,
     pub fonts: Vec<FontInfo>,
     pub attachments: Vec<Attachment>,
     /// The document is a PDF portfolio (`/Collection`): its documents are `attachments`.
diff --git a/crates/render/src/inspect/annotations.rs b/crates/render/src/inspect/annotations.rs
index bf5e8ebb93..780ad71508 100644
--- a/crates/render/src/inspect/annotations.rs
+++ b/crates/render/src/inspect/annotations.rs
@@ -17,11 +17,13 @@ const MAX_REMOTE_DESTINATION_NAME_BYTES: usize = 1024;
 /// are not listed: real comments stay far below, many small ones sharing one long string do not.
 pub(super) const MAX_ANNOTATION_BYTES: usize = 64 << 20;
 
-/// Web-address text the bookmark and link listings, and name, description and embedded-file key
-/// text the attachment listing, keep together. Many bookmarks, links or attachments can share one
-/// long string, which each would otherwise copy. Past it, a bookmark or link to a web address lists
-/// as a URI action without its address, an attachment under its generic name without a
-/// description, and an embedded file whose key does not fit is not listed.
+/// Web-address text and `/QuadPoints` geometry the bookmark and link listings, and name,
+/// description and embedded-file key text the attachment listing, keep together. Many bookmarks,
+/// links or attachments can share one long string or array, which each would otherwise copy. Past
+/// it, a bookmark or link to a web address lists as a URI action without its address (or a link
+/// keeps a relative address unresolved against the document's base), a link is active over its
+/// whole `/Rect`, an attachment is listed under its generic name without a description, and an
+/// embedded file whose key does not fit is not listed.
 pub(super) const MAX_LINK_ATTACHMENT_TEXT_BYTES: usize = 16 << 20;
 
 /// A colour array as RGB, read as pdfcraft-annot's appearance builder reads it (`appearance::color`
@@ -87,6 +89,9 @@ impl<'a> Inspector<'a> {
 
     /// `text_budget` is what is left of [`MAX_LINK_ATTACHMENT_TEXT_BYTES`].
     pub(super) fn annotations(&self, info: &mut DocInfo, text_budget: &mut usize) {
+        // Indirect `/QuadPoints` arrays whose quadrilaterals did not fit what was left of the budget:
+        // the budget only shrinks, so they are not read again (review on #4474).
+        let mut unfit_quads: HashSet<ObjectId> = HashSet::new();
         let mut pages: Vec<(ObjectId, usize)> = self.page_index.iter().map(|(&id, &page)| (id, page)).collect();
         pages.sort_unstable_by_key(|&(_, page)| page);
         // An annotation, or a whole `/Annots` array, that several entries or pages list is on the
@@ -138,7 +143,7 @@ impl<'a> Inspector<'a> {
                 info.attachments.push(self.attachment(fs, AttachmentSource::Annotation { page, index }, text_budget, fallback));
             }
             if subtype == "Link" {
-                if let Some(link) = self.link(page, index, d, text_budget) {
+                if let Some(link) = self.link(page, index, d, info.uri_base.as_deref(), text_budget, &mut unfit_quads) {
                     if matches!(&link.target, LinkTarget::Other(s) if s == "JavaScript") {
                         info.has_javascript = true;
                     }
@@ -238,16 +243,64 @@ impl<'a> Inspector<'a> {
 
     /// The link annotation `d`, at position `index` of page `page`'s `/Annots`: where its `/Dest`
     /// goes, else what its action `/A` does ([`Self::action_target`]). `None` when it has no
-    /// rectangle, or a destination or action that leads nowhere.
-    fn link(&self, page: usize, index: usize, d: &Dictionary, text_budget: &mut usize) -> Option<Link> {
+    /// rectangle, or a destination or action that leads nowhere. `base` is the catalog's
+    /// `/URI /Base`, which a relative URI action is resolved against. `unfit_quads` holds the
+    /// indirect `/QuadPoints` arrays already found too large for the budget.
+    fn link(
+        &self,
+        page: usize,
+        index: usize,
+        d: &Dictionary,
+        base: Option<&str>,
+        text_budget: &mut usize,
+        unfit_quads: &mut HashSet<ObjectId>,
+    ) -> Option<Link> {
         let rect = rect4(self.resolve(d.get(b"Rect").ok()?));
         let target = if let Ok(dest) = d.get(b"Dest") {
             let (page, view) = self.dest(dest, 0)?;
             LinkTarget::Page(page, view)
         } else {
-            self.action_target(d.get(b"A").ok().and_then(|a| self.dict(a))?, text_budget)?
+            match self.action_target(d.get(b"A").ok().and_then(|a| self.dict(a))?, text_budget)? {
+                LinkTarget::Uri(uri) => match crate::resolve_uri(base, &uri) {
+                    // The raw address is spent already. What the base adds is spent too, or the
+                    // link keeps the raw address.
+                    Some(resolved) if resolved.len().saturating_sub(uri.len()) <= *text_budget => {
+                        *text_budget = text_budget.saturating_sub(resolved.len().saturating_sub(uri.len()));
+                        LinkTarget::Uri(resolved)
+                    }
+                    _ => LinkTarget::Uri(uri),
+                },
+                other => other,
+            }
         };
-        Some(Link { page, index, rect, target })
+        // Not read at all once no quadrilateral would fit what is left of the budget, or when this
+        // shared array already did not fit: many links can share one long array, and reading it
+        // again for each would cost its length every time (review on #4474).
+        let shared = d.get(b"QuadPoints").ok().and_then(|o| o.as_reference().ok());
+        let readable = *text_budget >= std::mem::size_of::<[f32; 8]>() && shared.is_none_or(|id| !unfit_quads.contains(&id));
+        let quads = match d.get(b"QuadPoints").map(|o| self.resolve(o)) {
+            // Read no further than one value past the cap: a longer array isn't used.
+            Ok(Object::Array(q)) if readable && q.len() <= crate::MAX_LINK_QUADS.saturating_mul(8) => {
+                #[cfg(test)]
+                QUAD_ARRAYS_READ.with(|n| n.set(n.get() + 1));
+                let values: Vec<Option<f32>> = q.iter().map(|o| self.resolve(o).as_float().ok()).collect();
+                let quads = crate::link_quads(&values, rect);
+                // Many links can share one long array, which each would otherwise copy. Past the
+                // budget a link is active over its whole `/Rect`.
+                let bytes = std::mem::size_of_val(quads.as_slice());
+                if bytes <= *text_budget {
+                    *text_budget = text_budget.saturating_sub(bytes);
+                    quads
+                } else {
+                    if let Some(id) = shared {
+                        unfit_quads.insert(id);
+                    }
+                    Vec::new()
+                }
+            }
+            _ => Vec::new(),
+        };
+        Some(Link { page, index, rect, quads, target })
     }
 
     /// What an action does when a link or a bookmark runs it. Only a go-to's `/D` is a place in
@@ -643,3 +696,9 @@ fn rect4(o: &Object) -> [f32; 4] {
         _ => [0.0; 4],
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+thread_local! {
+    /// `/QuadPoints` arrays whose values were read.
+    pub(super) static QUAD_ARRAYS_READ: std::cell::Cell<usize> = const { std::cell::Cell::new(0) };
+}
diff --git a/crates/render/src/inspect/core.rs b/crates/render/src/inspect/core.rs
index 62a4e834f2..88dc13c34a 100644
--- a/crates/render/src/inspect/core.rs
+++ b/crates/render/src/inspect/core.rs
@@ -222,6 +222,10 @@ impl<'a> Inspector<'a> {
             Ok(notes) => info.warnings.extend(notes.into_iter().map(|note| format!("Page labels: {note}."))),
             Err(reason) => info.warnings.push(format!("Page labels were skipped: {reason}; using physical page numbers.")),
         }
+        info.uri_base = catalog.get(b"URI").ok().and_then(|o| self.dict(o)).and_then(|d| match d.get(b"Base").map(|o| self.resolve(o)) {
+            Ok(Object::String(bytes, _)) if bytes.len() <= crate::MAX_URI_BASE_BYTES => std::str::from_utf8(bytes).ok().map(str::to_owned),
+            _ => None,
+        });
         let mut text_budget = MAX_LINK_ATTACHMENT_TEXT_BYTES;
         if let Some(first) = catalog.get(b"Outlines").ok().and_then(|o| self.dict(o)).and_then(|d| d.get(b"First").ok()) {
             (info.outline, info.outline_more) = self.outline_window(first, &mut text_budget);
@@ -267,6 +271,7 @@ impl<'a> Inspector<'a> {
         }
         self.layers(catalog, &mut info.layers);
         info.layer_groups = self.layer_groups(catalog);
+        info.layer_order = self.layer_order(catalog, &info.layers);
         self.fonts(&mut info.fonts);
         if let Some(names) = catalog.get(b"Names").ok().and_then(|o| self.dict(o)) {
             if let Some(ef) = names.get(b"EmbeddedFiles").ok().and_then(|o| self.dict(o)) {
diff --git a/crates/render/src/inspect/model.rs b/crates/render/src/inspect/model.rs
index 513a5cd933..622761576f 100644
--- a/crates/render/src/inspect/model.rs
+++ b/crates/render/src/inspect/model.rs
@@ -196,13 +196,39 @@ pub struct Link {
     /// Zero-based position in the page's raw `/Annots` array.
     pub index: usize,
     pub rect: [f32; 4],
+    /// Where the link is active when that isn't the whole of `rect`: its `/QuadPoints`, 8 numbers
+    /// each in user space (ISO 32000-2 Table 176). Empty when the link is active over `rect`
+    /// ([`crate::link_quads`]).
+    pub quads: Vec<[f32; 8]>,
     pub target: LinkTarget,
 }
 
+impl Link {
+    /// Whether the user-space point `(x, y)` activates the link: inside one of its quadrilaterals,
+    /// or inside its rectangle when it has none.
+    pub fn contains(&self, x: f32, y: f32) -> bool {
+        let [x0, y0, x1, y1] = self.rect;
+        if self.quads.is_empty() {
+            return x >= x0 && x <= x1 && y >= y0 && y <= y1;
+        }
+        // Every kept quadrilateral lies within `/Rect` give or take the slack `link_quads`
+        // accepts, so a point outside that is in none of them: skip the scan (up to
+        // `MAX_LINK_QUADS` per link, run per link on every pointer move).
+        let s = crate::link_area::RECT_SLACK;
+        if !(x >= x0 - s && x <= x1 + s && y >= y0 - s && y <= y1 + s) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        self.quads.iter().any(|q| crate::quad_contains(q, x, y))
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
 pub enum LinkTarget {
     /// A destination in this document: the 0-based page and where on it the view goes.
     Page(usize, DestView),
+    /// A URI action's address, resolved against the catalog's `/URI /Base` when it is a relative
+    /// reference ([`crate::resolve_uri`]); not yet checked, as the opener must
+    /// (`pdfcraft_engine::links::document_url`).
     Uri(String),
     /// A set-layer-visibility action (`SetOCGState`, ISO 32000-2 §12.6.4.13): each change in
     /// order, naming the layer by its optional content group. With `preserve_rb`, a layer turned
@@ -652,6 +678,23 @@ pub struct Layer {
     pub initial: bool,
 }
 
+/// One row of the Layers panel ([`DocInfo::layer_order`]).
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct LayerRow {
+    /// Nesting level, 0 at the top: a nested array's entries are one deeper than the layer or
+    /// label before them.
+    pub depth: usize,
+    pub item: LayerItem,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum LayerItem {
+    /// A layer, by its index in [`DocInfo::layers`].
+    Layer(usize),
+    /// A text label heading a nested array: not a layer, so it can't be selected or toggled.
+    Label(String),
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct Attachment {
     pub name: String,
diff --git a/crates/render/src/inspect/resources.rs b/crates/render/src/inspect/resources.rs
index ed230e2157..3dbc1c665f 100644
--- a/crates/render/src/inspect/resources.rs
+++ b/crates/render/src/inspect/resources.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #[cfg(test)]
 use super::core::inspect;
 use super::core::{Inspector, load_options};
-use super::model::{Attachment, AttachmentSource, FontInfo, Layer, PageTransition, TransitionStyle};
-use super::navigation::NameTreeSeen;
-use super::{AssertUnwindSafe, Dictionary, DocInfo, Document, HashSet, Object, ObjectId, catch_unwind};
+use super::model::{Attachment, AttachmentSource, FontInfo, Layer, LayerItem, LayerRow, PageTransition, TransitionStyle};
+use super::navigation::{NameTreeSeen, text_string};
+use super::{AssertUnwindSafe, Dictionary, DocInfo, Document, HashMap, HashSet, Object, ObjectId, catch_unwind};
 
 /// Decoded bytes read from an XFA form's configuration packet (or a whole-XDP `/XFA` stream) to
 /// find `dynamicRender`. Designer's packets are a few kilobytes; a whole XDP can hold the template.
@@ -12,6 +12,25 @@ const MAX_XFA_CONFIG_BYTES: usize = 16 << 20;
 /// At most this many layers are read from all of `/RBGroups` together.
 const MAX_LAYER_GROUP_ENTRIES: usize = 4096;
 
+/// The configuration's auto state (`/AS`): at most this many usage application dictionaries,
+/// `/OCGs` entries across them, and `/Category` names in each are read. The renderer's
+/// (vendored hayro-interpret patch (103)) have the same values.
+const MAX_AUTO_STATE_APPLICATIONS: usize = 256;
+const MAX_AUTO_STATE_GROUPS: usize = 4096;
+const MAX_AUTO_STATE_CATEGORIES: usize = 16;
+
+/// The Layers panel's rows from `/Order`: at most this many rows, nested at most this deep, and
+/// a label keeps at most this many characters.
+pub(super) const MAX_LAYER_ORDER_ROWS: usize = 4096;
+const MAX_LAYER_ORDER_DEPTH: usize = 32;
+pub(super) const MAX_LAYER_LABEL_CHARS: usize = 256;
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+thread_local! {
+    /// Layer labels decoded by [`Inspector::layer_order`] on this thread.
+    pub(super) static LABEL_DECODES: std::cell::Cell<usize> = const { std::cell::Cell::new(0) };
+}
+
 impl<'a> Inspector<'a> {
     // ── object helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
@@ -100,11 +119,14 @@ impl<'a> Inspector<'a> {
             .and_then(|o| self.resolve(o).as_array().ok())
             .map(|a| a.iter().filter_map(|x| x.as_reference().ok()).collect())
             .unwrap_or_default();
+        let auto = config.map(|c| self.view_auto_state(c)).unwrap_or_default();
         let Ok(Object::Array(ocgs)) = props.get(b"OCGs").map(|o| self.resolve(o)) else { return };
         for g in ocgs {
             let Some(d) = self.dict(g) else { continue };
             let id = g.as_reference().ok();
+            // The View auto state, when it manages the group, then the configuration.
             let visible = match id {
+                Some(id) if let Some(&state) = auto.get(&id) => state,
                 Some(id) if off.contains(&id) => false,
                 Some(id) if on.contains(&id) => true,
                 _ => !base_off,
@@ -114,6 +136,129 @@ impl<'a> Inspector<'a> {
         }
     }
 
+    /// The state the configuration's auto state (`/AS`) gives each group it manages for the View
+    /// event (ISO 32000-2 §8.11.4.4, Table 101), which overrides `/BaseState`, `/ON` and `/OFF`
+    /// as the document opens. Keep in step with the renderer's (vendored hayro-interpret patch
+    /// (103), `apply_view_auto_state`): each usage application with `/Event /View` and `/View` in
+    /// its `/Category` recommends the `/ViewState` of each group in its `/OCGs` whose `/Usage`
+    /// gives one; a group is on only if all its recommendations are. Groups with none are absent.
+    /// Other categories (`/Zoom`, `/User`, `/Language`) give no recommendation here.
+    fn view_auto_state(&self, config: &Dictionary) -> HashMap<ObjectId, bool> {
+        let mut out: HashMap<ObjectId, bool> = HashMap::new();
+        let Some(applications) = config.get(b"AS").ok().and_then(|o| self.resolve(o).as_array().ok()) else { return out };
+        let mut groups_left = MAX_AUTO_STATE_GROUPS;
+        for application in applications.iter().take(MAX_AUTO_STATE_APPLICATIONS) {
+            let Some(application) = self.dict(application) else { continue };
+            if self.name(application, b"Event").as_deref() != Some("View") {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let views = application.get(b"Category").ok().and_then(|o| self.resolve(o).as_array().ok()).is_some_and(|categories| {
+                categories.iter().take(MAX_AUTO_STATE_CATEGORIES).any(|c| matches!(c, Object::Name(n) if n.as_slice() == b"View"))
+            });
+            if !views {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let Some(groups) = application.get(b"OCGs").ok().and_then(|o| self.resolve(o).as_array().ok()) else { continue };
+            for g in groups {
+                if groups_left == 0 {
+                    return out;
+                }
+                groups_left -= 1;
+                let Ok(id) = g.as_reference() else { continue };
+                let state = self
+                    .dict(g)
+                    .and_then(|d| d.get(b"Usage").ok())
+                    .and_then(|o| self.dict(o))
+                    .and_then(|u| u.get(b"View").ok())
+                    .and_then(|o| self.dict(o))
+                    .and_then(|v| self.name(v, b"ViewState"));
+                let on = match state.as_deref() {
+                    Some("ON") => true,
+                    Some("OFF") => false,
+                    _ => continue,
+                };
+                let entry = out.entry(id).or_insert(true);
+                *entry &= on;
+            }
+        }
+        out
+    }
+
+    /// The Layers panel's rows: the default configuration's `/Order` (ISO 32000-2 Table 99). Its
+    /// entries are groups, shown by name, and nested arrays, shown as a tree one level deeper;
+    /// a nested array may start with a text string, a label that is not a group. Groups not
+    /// listed aren't presented, and `/Order` defaults to the empty array in the default
+    /// configuration, so a document without one presents no layers. An entry that is neither a
+    /// group in `/OCGs` nor an array is skipped. Bounded by `MAX_LAYER_ORDER_*`, an indirect
+    /// array is read once, so a cycle ends, and an indirect label is decoded once, however many
+    /// arrays it heads.
+    pub(super) fn layer_order(&self, catalog: &Dictionary, layers: &[Layer]) -> Vec<LayerRow> {
+        let mut out = Vec::new();
+        let Some(config) = catalog.get(b"OCProperties").ok().and_then(|o| self.dict(o)).and_then(|p| p.get(b"D").ok()).and_then(|o| self.dict(o))
+        else {
+            return out;
+        };
+        let Some(order) = config.get(b"Order").ok() else { return out };
+        let index: HashMap<ObjectId, usize> = layers.iter().enumerate().map(|(i, l)| ((l.id.0, l.id.1), i)).collect();
+        let mut seen = HashSet::new();
+        if let Object::Reference(id) = order {
+            seen.insert(*id);
+        }
+        if let Ok(items) = self.resolve(order).as_array() {
+            self.layer_order_rows(items, 0, &index, &mut seen, &mut HashMap::new(), &mut out);
+        }
+        out
+    }
+
+    /// `labels` holds each indirect label already decoded: one string object can head any
+    /// number of direct arrays, and each decode costs its full length before the cut.
+    fn layer_order_rows(
+        &self,
+        items: &'a [Object],
+        depth: usize,
+        index: &HashMap<ObjectId, usize>,
+        seen: &mut HashSet<ObjectId>,
+        labels: &mut HashMap<ObjectId, String>,
+        out: &mut Vec<LayerRow>,
+    ) {
+        if depth > MAX_LAYER_ORDER_DEPTH {
+            return;
+        }
+        for item in items {
+            if out.len() >= MAX_LAYER_ORDER_ROWS {
+                return;
+            }
+            if let Object::Reference(id) = item {
+                if let Some(&layer) = index.get(id) {
+                    out.push(LayerRow { depth, item: LayerItem::Layer(layer) });
+                    continue;
+                }
+                // An indirect nested array, read once.
+                if !seen.insert(*id) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+            let Ok(nested) = self.resolve(item).as_array() else { continue };
+            let rest = match nested.split_first() {
+                Some((first, rest)) if let Object::String(bytes, _) = self.resolve(first) => {
+                    let decode = || {
+                        #[cfg(test)]
+                        LABEL_DECODES.with(|n| n.set(n.get().saturating_add(1)));
+                        text_string(bytes).chars().take(MAX_LAYER_LABEL_CHARS).collect::<String>()
+                    };
+                    let label = match first {
+                        Object::Reference(id) => labels.entry(*id).or_insert_with(decode).clone(),
+                        _ => decode(),
+                    };
+                    out.push(LayerRow { depth, item: LayerItem::Label(label) });
+                    rest
+                }
+                _ => nested.as_slice(),
+            };
+            self.layer_order_rows(rest, depth.saturating_add(1), index, seen, labels, out);
+        }
+    }
+
     /// The default configuration's radio-button groups (`/RBGroups`) of two or more layers.
     pub(super) fn layer_groups(&self, catalog: &Dictionary) -> Vec<Vec<ObjectId>> {
         let groups = catalog
diff --git a/crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs b/crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs
index d39b84db02..5d20412202 100644
--- a/crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs
@@ -769,6 +769,103 @@ trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>
     assert_eq!(layers, [("Red", true), ("Green", false), ("Blue", false)]);
 }
 
+/// ISO 32000-2 Table 99 `/Order`: the Layers panel presents the groups it lists, as a tree,
+/// with nested arrays one level deeper and a leading text string as a label. Groups it
+/// doesn't list are not presented (they stay in `layers` and keep their state), and without
+/// `/Order` none are. Malformed entries are skipped; cycles and depth are bounded.
+#[test]
+fn the_layers_panel_presents_the_order_tree() {
+    let rows = |order: &str, extra: &str| {
+        let pdf = format!(
+            "%PDF-1.7
+1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /OCProperties << /OCGs [5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R] /D << /OFF [8 0 R] {order} >> >> >> endobj
+2 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >> endobj
+3 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] >> endobj
+5 0 obj << /Type /OCG /Name (A) >> endobj
+6 0 obj << /Type /OCG /Name (B) >> endobj
+7 0 obj << /Type /OCG /Name (C) >> endobj
+8 0 obj << /Type /OCG /Name (D) >> endobj
+9 0 obj << /Type /OCG /Name (Unlisted) >> endobj
+{extra}
+trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>
+%%EOF"
+        );
+        let info = inspect(Arc::new(pdf.into_bytes()), None).expect("opens");
+        assert_eq!(info.layers.len(), 4, "every group in /OCGs keeps its state: {order}");
+        info.layer_order
+            .iter()
+            .map(|r| match &r.item {
+                LayerItem::Layer(i) => format!("{}{}", " ".repeat(r.depth), info.layers.get(*i).map_or("?", |l| l.name.as_str())),
+                LayerItem::Label(s) => format!("{}[{s}]", " ".repeat(r.depth)),
+            })
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+    };
+    // A layer with sublayers, and a group not listed (D) that isn't presented.
+    assert_eq!(rows("/Order [5 0 R 6 0 R [7 0 R]]", ""), ["A", "B", " C"]);
+    // A labelled collection heads its own level, with a nested array under B.
+    assert_eq!(rows("/Order [5 0 R [(Set) 6 0 R [7 0 R]] 8 0 R]", ""), ["A", "[Set]", " B", "  C", "D"]);
+    // Without /Order, or with an empty one, nothing is presented.
+    assert!(rows("", "").is_empty());
+    assert!(rows("/Order []", "").is_empty());
+    // An indirect /Order and nested array; a group outside /OCGs, a missing object and junk
+    // are skipped.
+    assert_eq!(rows("/Order 10 0 R", "10 0 obj [5 0 R 11 0 R 9 0 R 12 0 R 1 (x) /N] endobj\n11 0 obj [6 0 R] endobj"), ["A", " B"]);
+    // Cycles: an array holding itself, and an /Order holding itself.
+    assert_eq!(rows("/Order 10 0 R", "10 0 obj [5 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R] endobj\n11 0 obj [6 0 R 11 0 R 10 0 R] endobj"), ["A", " B"]);
+    // Nesting past the limit is cut off; a long label is cut short.
+    let deep = format!("/Order [5 0 R {}6 0 R{}]", "[".repeat(40), "]".repeat(40));
+    assert_eq!(rows(&deep, ""), ["A"]);
+    let long = format!("/Order [[({}) 5 0 R]]", "x".repeat(1000));
+    let got = rows(&long, "");
+    assert_eq!(got.first().map(|s| s.len()), Some(MAX_LAYER_LABEL_CHARS + 2));
+    // Many rows stop at the cap.
+    let many = format!("/Order [{}]", "5 0 R ".repeat(MAX_LAYER_ORDER_ROWS + 10));
+    assert_eq!(rows(&many, "").len(), MAX_LAYER_ORDER_ROWS);
+    // One long indirect label heading many direct arrays is decoded once, and cut short in
+    // every row.
+    let shared = format!("/Order [{}]", "[13 0 R 5 0 R] ".repeat(100));
+    let label = format!("13 0 obj ({}) endobj", "y".repeat(10_000));
+    let before = LABEL_DECODES.with(std::cell::Cell::get);
+    let got = rows(&shared, &label);
+    assert_eq!(LABEL_DECODES.with(std::cell::Cell::get) - before, 1);
+    assert_eq!(got.len(), 200);
+    assert!(got.iter().step_by(2).all(|s| s.len() == MAX_LAYER_LABEL_CHARS + 2), "{:?}", got.first());
+}
+
+/// ISO 32000-2 §8.11.4.4: the View auto state (`/AS`) decides the initial state of the groups
+/// it manages, over `/ON` and `/OFF`; the others keep the configuration's. Malformed entries
+/// are ignored.
+#[test]
+fn initial_layer_visibility_applies_the_view_auto_state() {
+    let initial = |config: &str| {
+        let pdf = format!(
+            "%PDF-1.7
+1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /OCProperties << /OCGs [5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R] /D {config} >> >> endobj
+2 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >> endobj
+3 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] >> endobj
+5 0 obj << /Type /OCG /Name (ViewOff) /Usage << /View << /ViewState /OFF >> >> >> endobj
+6 0 obj << /Type /OCG /Name (ViewOn) /Usage 8 0 R >> endobj
+7 0 obj << /Type /OCG /Name (Plain) >> endobj
+8 0 obj << /View << /ViewState /ON >> >> endobj
+9 0 obj 9 0 R endobj
+trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>
+%%EOF"
+        );
+        let info = inspect(Arc::new(pdf.into_bytes()), None).expect("opens");
+        // Opened, so each is shown as it starts.
+        info.layers.iter().inspect(|l| assert_eq!(l.initial, l.visible, "{}", l.name)).map(|l| l.initial).collect::<Vec<_>>()
+    };
+    let managed = "/AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs [5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R] >>]";
+    assert_eq!(initial(&format!("<< /OFF [6 0 R 7 0 R] {managed} >>")), [false, true, false]);
+    assert_eq!(initial("<< /OFF [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>"), [true, false, false], "without /AS");
+    assert_eq!(initial("<< /OFF [6 0 R] /AS [<< /Event /Print /Category [/View] /OCGs [5 0 R 6 0 R] >>] >>"), [true, false, true], "Print event");
+    assert_eq!(initial("<< /AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/Zoom] /OCGs [5 0 R] >>] >>"), [true, true, true], "Zoom only");
+    for bad in ["/AS 9 0 R", "/AS [9 0 R 1 null]", "/AS [<< /Event /View /OCGs [5 0 R] >>]", "/AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs 9 0 R >>]"]
+    {
+        assert_eq!(initial(&format!("<< {bad} >>")), [true, true, true], "{bad}");
+    }
+}
+
 const ORPHAN_FIELDS: &[u8] = b"%PDF-1.7
 1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm 4 0 R >> endobj
 2 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >> endobj
@@ -1044,6 +1141,152 @@ fn a_named_attachment_leaves_its_contents_unspent() {
     assert!(matches!(&info.links[0].target, LinkTarget::Uri(u) if *u == uri));
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn link_hit_test_rejects_points_outside_the_rect_before_scanning_quads() {
+    // A quadrilateral reaching past `/Rect` (hand-built: `link_quads` keeps none beyond the
+    // slack) shows whether the bounds gate runs before the quadrilateral scan.
+    let link = Link {
+        page: 0,
+        index: 0,
+        rect: [0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 10.0],
+        quads: vec![[0.0, 0.0, 50.0, 0.0, 50.0, 10.0, 0.0, 10.0]],
+        target: LinkTarget::Other("URI".into()),
+    };
+    assert!(link.contains(5.0, 5.0), "inside the rect and the quadrilateral");
+    assert!(link.contains(10.005, 5.0), "within the slack `link_quads` accepts");
+    assert!(!link.contains(30.0, 5.0), "outside the rect: no quadrilateral is scanned");
+    assert!(!link.contains(f32::NAN, 5.0));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_link_whose_quads_have_no_area_is_active_over_its_rect() {
+    let rect = [10.0, 10.0, 200.0, 30.0];
+    let link = |values: &[f32]| Link {
+        page: 0,
+        index: 0,
+        rect,
+        quads: crate::link_quads(&values.iter().map(|v| Some(*v)).collect::<Vec<_>>(), rect),
+        target: LinkTarget::Other("URI".into()),
+    };
+    let flat = [10.0, 20.0, 60.0, 20.0, 60.0, 20.0, 10.0, 20.0];
+    assert!(link(&flat).contains(100.0, 25.0), "no usable quad: the whole /Rect");
+    let good = [10.0, 10.0, 60.0, 10.0, 60.0, 30.0, 10.0, 30.0];
+    let mixed: Vec<f32> = flat.iter().chain(good.iter()).copied().collect();
+    assert!(link(&mixed).contains(30.0, 25.0), "inside the usable quad");
+    assert!(!link(&mixed).contains(100.0, 25.0), "the usable quad still gates the /Rect");
+}
+
+fn links_of(catalog_extra: &str, annots: &str) -> DocInfo {
+    let pdf = format!(
+        "%PDF-1.7\n1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R {catalog_extra} >> endobj\n\
+         2 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >> endobj\n\
+         3 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 300 300] /Annots [{annots}] >> endobj\n\
+         trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>\n%%EOF"
+    );
+    let doc = Document::load_mem(pdf.as_bytes()).expect("loads");
+    let page = PageInfo { width: 300.0, height: 300.0, crop: [0.0, 0.0, 300.0, 300.0], rotation: 0, label: String::new() };
+    let mut info = DocInfo { pages: vec![page], ..Default::default() };
+    Inspector::new(&doc).fill(&mut info);
+    info
+}
+
+fn uris(info: &DocInfo) -> Vec<String> {
+    info.links.iter().map(|l| if let LinkTarget::Uri(u) = &l.target { u.clone() } else { format!("{:?}", l.target) }).collect()
+}
+
+/// ISO 32000-2 §12.6.4.8, Table 211: a relative URI action is resolved against the catalog's
+/// `/URI /Base`; absolute addresses, and a base that isn't a web address, change nothing.
+#[test]
+fn relative_uri_actions_resolve_against_the_catalog_base() {
+    let annots = "<< /Subtype /Link /Rect [0 0 10 10] /A << /S /URI /URI (page.html) >> >> \
+                  << /Subtype /Link /Rect [0 0 10 10] /A << /S /URI /URI (javascript:alert(1)) >> >> \
+                  << /Subtype /Link /Rect [0 0 10 10] /A << /S /URI /URI (https://example.org/abs) >> >>";
+    let info = links_of("/URI << /Base (https://example.com/base/) >>", annots);
+    assert_eq!(info.uri_base.as_deref(), Some("https://example.com/base/"));
+    assert_eq!(uris(&info), ["https://example.com/base/page.html", "javascript:alert(1)", "https://example.org/abs"]);
+    // An indirect URI dictionary is followed too.
+    let pdf_indirect = links_of("/URI 4 0 R >> endobj\n4 0 obj << /Base (https://example.com/b/) >> endobj\n5 0 obj <<", annots);
+    assert_eq!(uris(&pdf_indirect).first().map(String::as_str), Some("https://example.com/b/page.html"));
+    // Without a base, or with one that isn't a web address, the address stays as written.
+    assert_eq!(uris(&links_of("", annots)).first().map(String::as_str), Some("page.html"));
+    for base in ["/URI << /Base (file:///C:/docs/) >>", "/URI << /Base /NotAString >>", "/URI 7", "/URI << /Base (javascript:x//) >>"] {
+        assert_eq!(uris(&links_of(base, annots)).first().map(String::as_str), Some("page.html"), "{base}");
+    }
+}
+
+/// ISO 32000-2 §12.5.6.5, Table 176: a link is active in its `/QuadPoints`, or over its
+/// `/Rect` when they are missing, malformed or reach outside it.
+#[test]
+fn links_are_active_in_their_quad_points() {
+    let link = |quads: &str| format!("<< /Subtype /Link /Rect [10 10 200 30] {quads} /A << /S /URI /URI (https://example.org/) >> >>");
+    let info = links_of("", &link("/QuadPoints [10 10 60 10 60 30 10 30]"));
+    let l = &info.links[0];
+    assert_eq!(l.quads, vec![[10.0, 10.0, 60.0, 10.0, 60.0, 30.0, 10.0, 30.0]]);
+    assert!(l.contains(30.0, 20.0), "the first word");
+    assert!(!l.contains(150.0, 20.0), "inside /Rect but outside the quad");
+    for fallback in [
+        "",
+        "/QuadPoints [10 10 60 10 60 30 10]",
+        "/QuadPoints [10 10 60 10 60 30 10 (x)]",
+        "/QuadPoints [10 10 260 10 260 30 10 30]",
+        "/QuadPoints 5",
+    ] {
+        let info = links_of("", &link(fallback));
+        let l = &info.links[0];
+        assert!(l.quads.is_empty(), "{fallback}");
+        assert!(l.contains(150.0, 20.0) && !l.contains(250.0, 20.0), "{fallback}: active over /Rect");
+    }
+    let many = "10 10 60 10 60 30 10 30 ".repeat(crate::MAX_LINK_QUADS + 1);
+    assert!(links_of("", &link(&format!("/QuadPoints [{many}]"))).links[0].quads.is_empty(), "too many quads");
+}
+
+/// Links sharing one long `/QuadPoints` array, or a relative address resolved against a long
+/// `/URI /Base`, keep their copies only within `MAX_LINK_ATTACHMENT_TEXT_BYTES`, and every
+/// link is still listed.
+#[test]
+fn links_sharing_quad_points_or_a_long_base_keep_them_within_a_budget() {
+    let page = PageInfo { width: 200.0, height: 200.0, crop: [0.0, 0.0, 200.0, 200.0], rotation: 0, label: String::new() };
+    let fill = |catalog_extra: &str, links: &str, object5: &str| {
+        let pdf = format!(
+            "%PDF-1.7\n1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R {catalog_extra} >> endobj\n\
+             2 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >> endobj\n\
+             3 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Annots [{links}] >> endobj\n\
+             5 0 obj {object5} endobj\n\
+             trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>\n%%EOF"
+        );
+        let doc = Document::load_mem(pdf.as_bytes()).expect("loads");
+        let mut info = DocInfo { pages: vec![page.clone()], ..Default::default() };
+        Inspector::new(&doc).fill(&mut info);
+        info
+    };
+
+    let count = MAX_LINK_ATTACHMENT_TEXT_BYTES / (crate::MAX_LINK_QUADS * std::mem::size_of::<[f32; 8]>()) + 20;
+    let quads = format!("[{}]", "10 10 60 10 60 30 10 30 ".repeat(crate::MAX_LINK_QUADS));
+    let links = "<< /Subtype /Link /Rect [0 0 100 100] /QuadPoints 5 0 R /A << /S /URI /URI (https://example.org/) >> >> ".repeat(count);
+    super::annotations::QUAD_ARRAYS_READ.with(|n| n.set(0));
+    let info = fill("", &links, &quads);
+    assert_eq!(info.links.len(), count);
+    let kept: usize = info.links.iter().map(|l| std::mem::size_of_val(l.quads.as_slice())).sum();
+    assert!(kept > 0 && kept <= MAX_LINK_ATTACHMENT_TEXT_BYTES, "{kept} quad bytes kept");
+    assert!(info.links.iter().any(|l| l.quads.is_empty()), "past the budget a link is active over its /Rect");
+    // Review on #4474: the shared array is read once for each link it fits, and once more to find
+    // that it no longer does; not again for every link after that.
+    let fitted = info.links.iter().filter(|l| !l.quads.is_empty()).count();
+    let read = super::annotations::QUAD_ARRAYS_READ.with(std::cell::Cell::get);
+    assert_eq!(read, fitted + 1, "{read} reads for {fitted} links within the budget, of {count}");
+
+    let base = format!("https://example.com/{}/", "b".repeat(crate::MAX_URI_BASE_BYTES - 32));
+    let count = MAX_LINK_ATTACHMENT_TEXT_BYTES / base.len() + 20;
+    let links = "<< /Subtype /Link /Rect [0 0 1 1] /A 5 0 R >> ".repeat(count);
+    let info = fill(&format!("/URI << /Base ({base}) >>"), &links, "<< /S /URI /URI (p.html) >>");
+    assert_eq!(info.links.len(), count);
+    let addresses = uris(&info);
+    let kept: usize = addresses.iter().map(String::len).sum();
+    assert!(kept <= MAX_LINK_ATTACHMENT_TEXT_BYTES, "{kept} address bytes kept");
+    assert_eq!(addresses.first(), Some(&format!("{base}p.html")));
+    assert!(addresses.iter().any(|u| u == "p.html"), "past the budget a link keeps its raw address");
+}
+
 /// Embedded files whose name-tree keys share one long string keep it, as key and as name, only
 /// within `MAX_LINK_ATTACHMENT_TEXT_BYTES`.
 #[test]
diff --git a/crates/render/src/lib.rs b/crates/render/src/lib.rs
index 781f9c322a..0377dfe16d 100644
--- a/crates/render/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/render/src/lib.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #![deny(clippy::unwrap_used, clippy::expect_used, clippy::panic, clippy::unimplemented, clippy::todo, clippy::unreachable)]
 
 mod inspect;
+mod link_area;
 mod pixels;
 mod raster;
 mod reading;
@@ -18,10 +19,11 @@ pub mod text;
 pub mod transition;
 
 pub use inspect::{
-    Annotation, Attachment, AttachmentSource, DestView, DocInfo, Field, FieldKind, FontInfo, Layer, LayerOp, Link, LinkTarget, OutlineItem, PageInfo,
-    PageTransition, Portfolio, PortfolioView, RemoteDestination, ReviewStates, TransitionStyle, Xfa, attachment_data, check_pages, inspect,
-    link_replies, pretty_date, thread_tops,
+    Annotation, Attachment, AttachmentSource, DestView, DocInfo, Field, FieldKind, FontInfo, Layer, LayerItem, LayerOp, LayerRow, Link, LinkTarget,
+    OutlineItem, PageInfo, PageTransition, Portfolio, PortfolioView, RemoteDestination, ReviewStates, TransitionStyle, Xfa, attachment_data,
+    check_pages, inspect, link_replies, pretty_date, thread_tops,
 };
+pub use link_area::{MAX_LINK_QUADS, MAX_URI_BASE_BYTES, link_quads, quad_contains, resolve_uri};
 pub use pixels::Pixels;
 pub use raster::{
     MAX_PIXELS, MAX_SIDE, PRINT_TAG, PageRenderer, RenderConfig, RenderPool, RenderRequest, RenderStats, RenderWarning, RenderedPage, RequestKind,
diff --git a/crates/render/src/link_area.rs b/crates/render/src/link_area.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..de0c1839a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/render/src/link_area.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+//! Where a link annotation is active, and where its URI action goes.
+//!
+//! - ISO 32000-2 §12.5.6.5, Table 176: a link's `/QuadPoints` are "the region in which the link
+//!   should be activated"; when they are absent, not understood, or any coordinate lies outside
+//!   `/Rect`, the activation region is `/Rect`.
+//! - ISO 32000-2 §12.6.4.8, Table 211: the catalog's `/URI /Base` is "the base URI that shall be
+//!   used in resolving relative URI references" in URI actions.
+
+/// The most quadrilaterals a link's `/QuadPoints` may give before they are not used (the link is
+/// then active over its `/Rect`, as for an array that isn't understood).
+pub const MAX_LINK_QUADS: usize = 1024;
+
+/// The longest `/URI /Base` that is used. A longer base would only produce an address the link
+/// check refuses as too long, so it is ignored.
+pub const MAX_URI_BASE_BYTES: usize = 8192;
+
+/// How far (in points) a quadrilateral's corner may lie outside `/Rect` and still count as inside:
+/// rounding in the writer, not a different region.
+pub(crate) const RECT_SLACK: f32 = 0.01;
+
+/// A link's quadrilaterals from its `/QuadPoints` values (`None` for an entry that isn't a
+/// number), or an empty list when the link is active over its whole `/Rect`: no values, a count
+/// that isn't a multiple of 8, more than [`MAX_LINK_QUADS`], a value that isn't a finite number,
+/// a corner outside `rect` (normalized, `[x0, y0, x1, y1]`), or no quadrilateral that encloses
+/// an area.
+///
+/// A quadrilateral no thicker than [`RECT_SLACK`] (its corners on one line, give or take
+/// rounding) is left out: it adds nothing to the region the others make, and kept alone it would
+/// leave the link active nowhere. When every quadrilateral is like that, the array is not one
+/// that can be used and the link is active over `/Rect`.
+pub fn link_quads(values: &[Option<f32>], rect: [f32; 4]) -> Vec<[f32; 8]> {
+    if values.is_empty() || !values.len().is_multiple_of(8) || values.len() / 8 > MAX_LINK_QUADS {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+    let mut numbers = Vec::with_capacity(values.len());
+    for v in values {
+        match v {
+            Some(n) if n.is_finite() => numbers.push(*n),
+            _ => return Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+    let [x0, y0, x1, y1] = rect;
+    let inside = numbers
+        .as_chunks::<2>()
+        .0
+        .iter()
+        .all(|[x, y]| *x >= x0 - RECT_SLACK && *x <= x1 + RECT_SLACK && *y >= y0 - RECT_SLACK && *y <= y1 + RECT_SLACK);
+    if !inside {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+    numbers.as_chunks::<8>().0.iter().filter(|q| encloses_area(q)).copied().collect()
+}
+
+/// Whether the quadrilateral `q` (`x1 y1 … x4 y4`, finite) is thicker than [`RECT_SLACK`]: one of
+/// the four triangles its corners make (whose union [`quad_contains`] tests) is more than that
+/// high over its longest side. Worked in `f64`, where products of finite `f32` values neither
+/// overflow nor become NaN.
+fn encloses_area(q: &[f32; 8]) -> bool {
+    let p = [[q[0], q[1]], [q[2], q[3]], [q[4], q[5]], [q[6], q[7]]].map(|[x, y]| [f64::from(x), f64::from(y)]);
+    let len = |u: [f64; 2], v: [f64; 2]| (v[0] - u[0]).hypot(v[1] - u[1]);
+    [[0, 1, 2], [0, 1, 3], [0, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]].iter().any(|&[a, b, c]| match (p.get(a), p.get(b), p.get(c)) {
+        (Some(&a), Some(&b), Some(&c)) => {
+            // Twice the triangle's area is its longest side times its height over that side.
+            let twice_area = ((b[0] - a[0]) * (c[1] - a[1]) - (b[1] - a[1]) * (c[0] - a[0])).abs();
+            let longest = len(a, b).max(len(b, c)).max(len(c, a));
+            twice_area > f64::from(RECT_SLACK) * longest
+        }
+        _ => false,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Whether the point `(x, y)` lies in the quadrilateral `q` (`x1 y1 … x4 y4`), edges included.
+/// Writers disagree on the corners' order (the specification says counterclockwise, text-markup
+/// writers often go top-left, top-right, bottom-left, bottom-right), so the quadrilateral is taken
+/// as the area its four corners enclose: the union of the four triangles they make.
+pub fn quad_contains(q: &[f32; 8], x: f32, y: f32) -> bool {
+    if !(x.is_finite() && y.is_finite()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let p = [[q[0], q[1]], [q[2], q[3]], [q[4], q[5]], [q[6], q[7]]];
+    [[0, 1, 2], [0, 1, 3], [0, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]].iter().any(|&[a, b, c]| match (p.get(a), p.get(b), p.get(c)) {
+        (Some(a), Some(b), Some(c)) => triangle_contains(*a, *b, *c, [x, y]),
+        _ => false,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Worked in `f64`, like [`encloses_area`]: in `f32` the cross products of far-apart finite
+/// corners overflow to infinity and their differences to NaN, which no sign test rejects.
+fn triangle_contains(a: [f32; 2], b: [f32; 2], c: [f32; 2], p: [f32; 2]) -> bool {
+    let [a, b, c, p] = [a, b, c, p].map(|[x, y]| [f64::from(x), f64::from(y)]);
+    let cross = |o: [f64; 2], u: [f64; 2], v: [f64; 2]| (u[0] - o[0]) * (v[1] - o[1]) - (u[1] - o[1]) * (v[0] - o[0]);
+    // A triangle with no area holds no point (it would otherwise hold its whole line).
+    if cross(a, b, c) == 0.0 {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let (d1, d2, d3) = (cross(a, b, p), cross(b, c, p), cross(c, a, p));
+    let negative = d1 < 0.0 || d2 < 0.0 || d3 < 0.0;
+    let positive = d1 > 0.0 || d2 > 0.0 || d3 > 0.0;
+    !(negative && positive)
+}
+
+/// Whether `s` begins with an RFC 3986 scheme (`ALPHA *( ALPHA / DIGIT / "+" / "-" / "." ) ":"`),
+/// so it is an absolute URI rather than a relative reference.
+fn has_scheme(s: &str) -> bool {
+    s.split_once(':').is_some_and(|(scheme, _)| {
+        scheme.chars().next().is_some_and(|c| c.is_ascii_alphabetic())
+            && scheme.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || matches!(c, '+' | '-' | '.'))
+    })
+}
+
+/// The address a URI action goes to when the document's catalog gives `base` (`/URI /Base`):
+/// a relative reference (`page.html`, `../a/`, `?q=1`, `//host/x`) resolved against it by
+/// RFC 3986 §5 (the WHATWG URL rules, which the browser applies too). `None` when the address is
+/// used as written: it already has a scheme (`https:`, `mailto:`, `javascript:`…), there is no
+/// usable base, or the result wouldn't be a web address.
+///
+/// Only a web (`http`, `https`) base is used, and the result must keep the base's scheme, so a
+/// base never turns a relative link into a `file:`, `javascript:` or other address. An address
+/// with control characters or whitespace other than a plain space is left as written, since the
+/// URL rules would drop them and read what is left (`java\nscript:`) differently. Either way the
+/// address still goes through the same check and confirmation as any other link.
+pub fn resolve_uri(base: Option<&str>, raw: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    let reference = raw.trim();
+    let base = base?.trim();
+    if reference.is_empty() || base.len() > MAX_URI_BASE_BYTES || has_scheme(reference) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let hidden = |s: &str| s.chars().any(|c| c.is_control() || (c.is_whitespace() && c != ' '));
+    // The base must name its host as written (`https://host/…`): the URL rules would also accept
+    // `https:///host/` or `https:host/`, which no link check reads as a web address.
+    let names_host = base.split_once("://").is_some_and(|(_, rest)| !rest.starts_with(['/', '\\']));
+    if hidden(reference) || hidden(base) || !names_host {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let base = url::Url::parse(base).ok()?;
+    if !matches!(base.scheme(), "http" | "https") || base.host().is_none() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let resolved = base.join(reference).ok()?;
+    (resolved.scheme() == base.scheme() && resolved.host().is_some()).then(|| resolved.to_string())
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    const BASE: &str = "https://example.com/base/";
+
+    #[test]
+    fn relative_references_resolve_against_the_base() {
+        let r = |raw: &str| resolve_uri(Some(BASE), raw);
+        assert_eq!(r("page.html").as_deref(), Some("https://example.com/base/page.html"));
+        assert_eq!(r("  page.html ").as_deref(), Some("https://example.com/base/page.html"), "trimmed like any link");
+        assert_eq!(r("../up.html").as_deref(), Some("https://example.com/up.html"));
+        assert_eq!(r("/root.html").as_deref(), Some("https://example.com/root.html"));
+        assert_eq!(r("?q=1").as_deref(), Some("https://example.com/base/?q=1"));
+        assert_eq!(r("#part").as_deref(), Some("https://example.com/base/#part"));
+        assert_eq!(r("a/b:c").as_deref(), Some("https://example.com/base/a/b:c"), "a colon after a slash is no scheme");
+        // A network-path reference names its own host; the confirmation shows that host.
+        assert_eq!(r("//other.example/x").as_deref(), Some("https://other.example/x"));
+        assert_eq!(resolve_uri(Some("http://example.com/dir/file.pdf"), "next.pdf").as_deref(), Some("http://example.com/dir/next.pdf"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn absolute_addresses_and_missing_bases_are_used_as_written() {
+        for raw in ["https://example.org/x", "HTTP://example.org", "mailto:a@example.org", "javascript:alert(1)", "file:///etc/passwd", "C:\\x.pdf"] {
+            assert_eq!(resolve_uri(Some(BASE), raw), None, "{raw}");
+        }
+        assert_eq!(resolve_uri(None, "page.html"), None);
+        assert_eq!(resolve_uri(Some(BASE), ""), None);
+        assert_eq!(resolve_uri(Some(BASE), "   "), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_base_that_is_not_a_web_address_is_not_used() {
+        for base in [
+            "file:///C:/docs/",
+            "javascript:alert(1)//",
+            "data:text/html,x/",
+            "mailto:a@example.org",
+            "smb://server/share/",
+            "relative/base/",
+            "",
+            "https://",
+            "https:///nohost/",
+            "https:nohost/",
+            "https:\\\\nohost/",
+            "https://exa\nmple.com/",
+        ] {
+            assert_eq!(resolve_uri(Some(base), "page.html"), None, "{base:?}");
+        }
+        let long = format!("https://example.com/{}/", "a".repeat(MAX_URI_BASE_BYTES));
+        assert_eq!(resolve_uri(Some(&long), "page.html"), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn hidden_characters_never_make_a_scheme() {
+        // The URL rules drop tabs and newlines, which would read these as `javascript:`.
+        for raw in ["java\nscript:alert(1)", "java\tscript:alert(1)", "\u{0}javascript:alert(1)", "page\u{2028}.html"] {
+            assert_eq!(resolve_uri(Some(BASE), raw), None, "{raw:?}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn quads_inside_the_rect_are_used() {
+        let rect = [10.0, 10.0, 200.0, 30.0];
+        let q = [10.0, 10.0, 60.0, 10.0, 60.0, 30.0, 10.0, 30.0].map(Some);
+        assert_eq!(link_quads(&q, rect), vec![[10.0, 10.0, 60.0, 10.0, 60.0, 30.0, 10.0, 30.0]]);
+        let two: Vec<Option<f32>> = q.iter().chain(q.iter()).copied().collect();
+        assert_eq!(link_quads(&two, rect).len(), 2);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn quads_that_are_not_understood_fall_back_to_the_rect() {
+        let rect = [10.0, 10.0, 200.0, 30.0];
+        let good = [10.0, 10.0, 60.0, 10.0, 60.0, 30.0, 10.0, 30.0];
+        assert!(link_quads(&[], rect).is_empty());
+        assert!(link_quads(&good[..7].iter().copied().map(Some).collect::<Vec<_>>(), rect).is_empty(), "not a multiple of 8");
+        let mut odd: Vec<Option<f32>> = good.map(Some).to_vec();
+        odd.push(Some(1.0));
+        assert!(link_quads(&odd, rect).is_empty());
+        let mut not_number = good.map(Some);
+        not_number[3] = None;
+        assert!(link_quads(&not_number, rect).is_empty());
+        let mut nan = good.map(Some);
+        nan[0] = Some(f32::NAN);
+        assert!(link_quads(&nan, rect).is_empty());
+        // A /Rect too large for f32 would hold an infinite corner.
+        let mut infinite = good.map(Some);
+        infinite[2] = Some(f32::INFINITY);
+        assert!(link_quads(&infinite, [f32::NEG_INFINITY, f32::NEG_INFINITY, f32::INFINITY, f32::INFINITY]).is_empty());
+        let mut outside = good.map(Some);
+        outside[2] = Some(250.0);
+        assert!(link_quads(&outside, rect).is_empty(), "a corner outside /Rect");
+        let mut below = good.map(Some);
+        below[1] = Some(9.0);
+        assert!(link_quads(&below, rect).is_empty(), "a corner below /Rect");
+        let too_many: Vec<Option<f32>> = std::iter::repeat_n(good.map(Some), MAX_LINK_QUADS + 1).flatten().collect();
+        assert!(link_quads(&too_many, rect).is_empty());
+        let most: Vec<Option<f32>> = std::iter::repeat_n(good.map(Some), MAX_LINK_QUADS).flatten().collect();
+        assert_eq!(link_quads(&most, rect).len(), MAX_LINK_QUADS);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn quads_with_no_area_are_left_out() {
+        let rect = [10.0, 10.0, 200.0, 30.0];
+        let good = [10.0, 10.0, 60.0, 10.0, 60.0, 30.0, 10.0, 30.0];
+        // Corners on one line, all at one point, and a sliver thinner than the slack.
+        let line = [10.0, 20.0, 60.0, 20.0, 60.0, 20.0, 10.0, 20.0];
+        let point = [30.0, 20.0, 30.0, 20.0, 30.0, 20.0, 30.0, 20.0];
+        let sliver = [10.0, 20.0, 60.0, 20.0, 60.0, 20.005, 10.0, 20.005];
+        for flat in [line, point, sliver] {
+            assert!(link_quads(&flat.map(Some), rect).is_empty(), "{flat:?} alone: active over /Rect");
+            let mixed: Vec<Option<f32>> = flat.iter().chain(good.iter()).map(|v| Some(*v)).collect();
+            assert_eq!(link_quads(&mixed, rect), vec![good], "{flat:?} beside a usable quad");
+        }
+        // Thicker than the slack is a region, however thin.
+        let thin = [10.0, 20.0, 60.0, 20.0, 60.0, 20.05, 10.0, 20.05];
+        assert_eq!(link_quads(&thin.map(Some), rect), vec![thin]);
+        // A triangle (two corners shared) still encloses an area.
+        let triangle = [10.0, 10.0, 60.0, 10.0, 60.0, 30.0, 60.0, 30.0];
+        assert_eq!(link_quads(&triangle.map(Some), rect), vec![triangle]);
+        // The largest finite values neither overflow nor turn to NaN.
+        let all = [f32::MIN, f32::MIN, f32::MAX, f32::MAX];
+        let huge = [f32::MIN, f32::MIN, f32::MAX, f32::MIN, f32::MAX, f32::MAX, f32::MIN, f32::MAX];
+        assert_eq!(link_quads(&huge.map(Some), all), vec![huge]);
+        let huge_line = [f32::MIN, f32::MIN, f32::MAX, f32::MAX, f32::MAX, f32::MAX, f32::MIN, f32::MIN];
+        assert!(link_quads(&huge_line.map(Some), all).is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_quad_holds_its_area_in_any_corner_order() {
+        // Counterclockwise from the bottom left, as the specification writes them.
+        let ccw = [10.0, 10.0, 60.0, 10.0, 60.0, 30.0, 10.0, 30.0];
+        // Top-left, top-right, bottom-left, bottom-right, as text-markup writers often do.
+        let z = [10.0, 30.0, 60.0, 30.0, 10.0, 10.0, 60.0, 10.0];
+        for q in [ccw, z] {
+            assert!(quad_contains(&q, 30.0, 20.0));
+            assert!(quad_contains(&q, 10.0, 10.0), "corners count");
+            assert!(quad_contains(&q, 60.0, 20.0), "edges count");
+            assert!(!quad_contains(&q, 100.0, 20.0), "right of the quad");
+            assert!(!quad_contains(&q, 30.0, 31.0), "above the quad");
+            assert!(!quad_contains(&q, 9.0, 20.0), "left of the quad");
+            assert!(!quad_contains(&q, 30.0, 9.0), "below the quad");
+        }
+        // A tilted quad: the corner of its bounding box is outside it.
+        let diamond = [50.0, 0.0, 100.0, 50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 0.0, 50.0];
+        assert!(quad_contains(&diamond, 50.0, 50.0));
+        assert!(!quad_contains(&diamond, 5.0, 5.0));
+        // A quad with no area holds nothing.
+        let flat = [0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 0.0, 20.0, 0.0, 30.0, 0.0];
+        assert!(!quad_contains(&flat, 5.0, 0.0));
+        assert!(!quad_contains(&ccw, f32::NAN, 20.0), "a point that isn't a number is nowhere");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_quad_with_extreme_corners_holds_only_its_area() {
+        // In f32 the cross products overflow (inf, and inf - inf = NaN), which passed every sign
+        // test and put (1.5e20, 1.5e20), outside the triangle, inside it.
+        let q = [0.0, 0.0, 2e20, 0.0, 0.0, 2e20, 0.0, 0.0];
+        assert_eq!(link_quads(&q.map(Some), [0.0, 0.0, 3e20, 3e20]), vec![q], "kept by the area check");
+        assert!(!quad_contains(&q, 1.5e20, 1.5e20), "beyond the long edge");
+        assert!(!quad_contains(&q, 3e20, 1.0), "right of the triangle");
+        assert!(quad_contains(&q, 0.5e20, 0.5e20));
+        assert!(quad_contains(&q, 1.0, 1.0));
+        let max = [0.0, 0.0, f32::MAX, 0.0, 0.0, f32::MAX, 0.0, 0.0];
+        assert!(!quad_contains(&max, f32::MAX, f32::MAX));
+        assert!(quad_contains(&max, 1.0, 1.0));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/render/src/raster.rs b/crates/render/src/raster.rs
index 333464779f..1097da1997 100644
--- a/crates/render/src/raster.rs
+++ b/crates/render/src/raster.rs
@@ -83,6 +83,9 @@ pub struct RenderConfig {
     /// viewer and preview rasters: exports, printing and OCR render without it, so nothing drawn with an
     /// installed font is saved or printed (AGENTS.md §1.2, §1.4).
     pub system_fonts: bool,
+    /// The render is output for printing (print as image): the configuration's auto state for
+    /// the View event (ISO 32000-2 §8.11.4.4) is not applied, since printing is not viewing.
+    pub for_print: bool,
     /// Steps of JBIG2 decoding a render may take across the page's images, instead of the usual
     /// `hayro_syntax::MAX_PAGE_JBIG2_WORK`. Those past it aren't drawn, like an image that can't
     /// be decoded.
@@ -113,6 +116,7 @@ impl RenderConfig {
         let system_fonts = self.system_fonts;
         InterpreterSettings {
             ocg_overrides: self.layers.clone(),
+            view_auto_state: !self.for_print,
             hide_comments: self.hide_comments,
             font_resolver: Arc::new(move |query| {
                 japanese_fallback(query).or_else(|| system_fonts.then(|| system_fallback(query)).flatten()).or_else(|| standard(query))
@@ -270,6 +274,13 @@ pub enum RenderWarning {
     /// A colour could not be computed (a colour space that cannot be read, or a Separation or
     /// DeviceN tint transform that cannot be evaluated) and was painted in a fallback colour.
     ColourFallback,
+    /// An image's `/Indexed` colour space is malformed (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3), so the image may be
+    /// drawn wrongly or not at all. It is drawn recovered when it can be: indices past a lookup
+    /// table shorter than m × (hival + 1) bytes in black, a `hival` past 255 taken as 255, a real
+    /// one truncated, or (a `hival` below zero or not a number) the image in DeviceGray. With no
+    /// lookup table at all (missing, not a string or a stream, or a stream that does not decode)
+    /// it is not drawn. Reported once per page however many images it affects.
+    MalformedIndexedImage,
     /// A Type 3 font without the `/Widths` it requires (ISO 32000-2 Table 110) was used; its
     /// glyphs were spaced by the widths their glyph procedures give.
     Type3WidthsMissing,
@@ -454,6 +465,8 @@ fn render_page<'a>(
         // Previews render at low detail (tiny images are skipped); finals always draw all.
         let mut preview_settings = settings.clone();
         preview_settings.preview = req.preview;
+        // A print preview shows what prints, and printing is not the View event.
+        preview_settings.view_auto_state &= req.tag & PRINT_TAG == 0;
         render_into(page, cache, &preview_settings, &rs, pixels.bytes_mut());
         Ok((w.into(), h.into(), pixels, None))
     }));
@@ -477,10 +490,12 @@ fn warning_settings(settings: &InterpreterSettings, warnings: Arc<Mutex<Vec<Rend
     InterpreterSettings {
         warning_sink: Arc::new(move |warning| {
             // Nested forms, Type 3 glyphs and patterns are interpreted again and each reports the
-            // exhausted budget, or the colours that fell back: once per page is enough.
+            // exhausted budget, or the colours that fell back, and several images can share one
+            // malformed colour space: each warning is recorded once per page.
             let warning = match warning {
                 InterpreterWarning::ContentTruncated => RenderWarning::ContentTruncated,
                 InterpreterWarning::ColorFallback => RenderWarning::ColourFallback,
+                InterpreterWarning::MalformedIndexedImage => RenderWarning::MalformedIndexedImage,
                 InterpreterWarning::Type3WidthsMissing => RenderWarning::Type3WidthsMissing,
                 InterpreterWarning::UnsupportedFont | InterpreterWarning::ImageDecodeFailure => return,
             };
diff --git a/crates/render/src/raster/tests.rs b/crates/render/src/raster/tests.rs
index e42ed7c1cc..32a428c1e5 100644
--- a/crates/render/src/raster/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/render/src/raster/tests.rs
@@ -2091,6 +2091,125 @@ fn rounded_pixel_budget_invalid_requests_never_reach_allocator() {
     }
 }
 
+/// #3962: FrameMaker files distilled with Distiller 3 embed TrueType subsets that are symbolic,
+/// with no `/Encoding` and no `/ToUnicode`, whose codes are glyph positions in the Macintosh
+/// order, 29 below ASCII; the font's own `cmap` maps them to the right glyphs. Read as WinAnsi
+/// the text came out shifted (`Solid` as `6ROLG`), in the editor and in Word export alike. The
+/// `post` table names the glyph each code selects, which gives the text (vendored
+/// hayro-interpret patch 79). A font with an `/Encoding` still reads its codes through it.
+#[test]
+fn a_symbolic_truetype_font_without_an_encoding_reads_its_glyph_names() {
+    use skrifa::MetadataProvider;
+    use skrifa::raw::TableProvider;
+    const TEXT: &str = "Solid state";
+    // Four more codes: 0x3D selects `W.cv07`, a variant whose suffix is dropped (`W`); 0x3E a
+    // glyph named `uniXXXX`, that code point; 0x3F `EMquad`, a name with no text, so the code
+    // reads as WinAnsi (`?`); 0x40 the ligature `less_equal.liga`, two characters (`<=`).
+    const SUFFIXED: u16 = 0x3D;
+    const UNI: u16 = 0x3E;
+    const UNNAMED: u16 = 0x3F;
+    const LIGATURE: u16 = 0x40;
+    // 0x41 selects a glyph whose name is spelt `uni01cd`, lowercase: the glyph list
+    // specification's hex digits are uppercase (ISO 32000-2 §9.10.2), so the name stands for no
+    // text and the code reads as WinAnsi (`A`), not as U+01CD.
+    const LOWERCASE: u16 = 0x41;
+    let font = include_bytes!("../../../../assets/fonts/JetBrainsMono-Regular.ttf");
+    let face = skrifa::FontRef::new(font).expect("the test font parses");
+    let charmap = face.charmap();
+    let post = face.post().expect("the test font has a post table");
+    let glyphs = face.maxp().expect("the test font has a maxp table").num_glyphs();
+    let named = |name: &str| {
+        (1..glyphs).find(|&g| post.glyph_name(skrifa::raw::types::GlyphId16::new(g)) == Some(name)).expect("the test font has the glyph")
+    };
+    let (uni, uni_char) = (1..glyphs)
+        .find_map(|g| {
+            let name = post.glyph_name(skrifa::raw::types::GlyphId16::new(g))?;
+            let c = char::from_u32(u32::from_str_radix(name.strip_prefix("uni")?, 16).ok()?)?;
+            (!c.is_control()).then_some((g, c))
+        })
+        .expect("the test font names a glyph uniXXXX");
+    // Codes 29 below ASCII, mapped by a (3,0) symbol cmap at 0xF000 + code.
+    let mut map: Vec<(u16, u16)> =
+        TEXT.chars().map(|c| (0xF000 + c as u16 - 29, charmap.map(c).expect("the test font has the letter").to_u32() as u16)).collect();
+    map.push((0xF000 + SUFFIXED, named("W.cv07")));
+    map.push((0xF000 + UNI, uni));
+    map.push((0xF000 + UNNAMED, named("EMquad")));
+    map.push((0xF000 + LIGATURE, named("less_equal.liga")));
+    let lowercase = named("uni01CD");
+    assert_ne!(lowercase, uni, "the lowercased name is not the `uniXXXX` glyph read above");
+    map.push((0xF000 + LOWERCASE, lowercase));
+    map.sort_unstable();
+    map.dedup();
+    // A format 4 subtable: one segment per code, then the closing 0xFFFF segment.
+    let segments: Vec<(u16, u16)> = map.iter().copied().chain([(0xFFFF, 0)]).collect();
+    let n = segments.len() as u16;
+    let mut sub = Vec::new();
+    let words = |v: &mut Vec<u8>, w: &[u16]| w.iter().for_each(|w| v.extend_from_slice(&w.to_be_bytes()));
+    words(&mut sub, &[4, 16 + 8 * n, 0, 2 * n, 2, 0, 2 * n - 2]);
+    words(&mut sub, &segments.iter().map(|s| s.0).collect::<Vec<_>>());
+    words(&mut sub, &[0]);
+    words(&mut sub, &segments.iter().map(|s| s.0).collect::<Vec<_>>());
+    words(&mut sub, &segments.iter().map(|&(code, gid)| if code == 0xFFFF { 1 } else { gid.wrapping_sub(code) }).collect::<Vec<_>>());
+    words(&mut sub, &vec![0; segments.len()]);
+    let mut cmap = Vec::new();
+    words(&mut cmap, &[0, 1, 3, 0]);
+    cmap.extend_from_slice(&12u32.to_be_bytes());
+    cmap.extend(sub);
+    // The new cmap goes at the end; the table directory's `cmap` entry points at it.
+    let mut program = font.to_vec();
+    while !program.len().is_multiple_of(4) {
+        program.push(0);
+    }
+    let at = program.len();
+    program.extend(&cmap);
+    let tables = usize::from(u16::from_be_bytes([font[4], font[5]]));
+    let entry = (0..tables).map(|i| 12 + 16 * i).find(|&e| &font[e..e + 4] == b"cmap").expect("the test font has a cmap");
+    program[entry + 8..entry + 12].copy_from_slice(&(at as u32).to_be_bytes());
+    program[entry + 12..entry + 16].copy_from_slice(&(cmap.len() as u32).to_be_bytes());
+    // The `post` table's own spelling of the name, a Pascal string, lowercased in place.
+    let spelt = b"\x07uni01CD";
+    let spot = program.windows(spelt.len()).position(|w| w == spelt).expect("the post table spells the name");
+    assert_eq!(program.windows(spelt.len()).filter(|w| w == spelt).count(), 1);
+    program[spot..spot + spelt.len()].copy_from_slice(b"\x07uni01cd");
+
+    let text_of = |encoding: &str| -> String {
+        let codes: String = TEXT.chars().map(|c| format!("{:02X}", c as u8 - 29)).collect::<String>()
+            + &format!("{SUFFIXED:02X}{UNI:02X}{UNNAMED:02X}{LIGATURE:02X}{LOWERCASE:02X}");
+        let content = format!("BT /F1 14 Tf 10 40 Td <{codes}> Tj ET");
+        let objects: Vec<Vec<u8>> = vec![
+            b"<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>".to_vec(),
+            b"<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>".to_vec(),
+            b"<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 300 80] /Contents 4 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F1 5 0 R >> >> >>".to_vec(),
+            format!("<< /Length {} >>\nstream\n{content}\nendstream", content.len()).into_bytes(),
+            format!("<< /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /BaseFont /ABCDEF+JetBrainsMono-Regular /FirstChar 0 /LastChar 255 /Widths [{}] /FontDescriptor 6 0 R {encoding}>>", vec!["600"; 256].join(" ")).into_bytes(),
+            b"<< /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /ABCDEF+JetBrainsMono-Regular /Flags 4 /FontBBox [-500 -300 1200 1000] /ItalicAngle 0 /Ascent 1020 /Descent -300 /CapHeight 730 /StemV 80 /FontFile2 7 0 R >>".to_vec(),
+            [format!("<< /Length {} >>\nstream\n", program.len()).into_bytes(), program.clone(), b"\nendstream".to_vec()].concat(),
+        ];
+        let mut pdf = b"%PDF-1.3\n".to_vec();
+        let mut offsets = Vec::new();
+        for (i, object) in objects.iter().enumerate() {
+            offsets.push(pdf.len());
+            pdf.extend(format!("{} 0 obj\n", i + 1).into_bytes());
+            pdf.extend(object);
+            pdf.extend(b"\nendobj\n");
+        }
+        let xref = pdf.len();
+        pdf.extend(format!("xref\n0 {}\n0000000000 65535 f \n", objects.len() + 1).into_bytes());
+        for offset in offsets {
+            pdf.extend(format!("{offset:010} 00000 n \n").into_bytes());
+        }
+        pdf.extend(format!("trailer << /Size {} /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{xref}\n%%EOF\n", objects.len() + 1).into_bytes());
+        let mut r = PageRenderer::new(Arc::new(pdf), RenderConfig::default());
+        let page = r.filtered_text(0, crate::text::TextFilter::default()).expect("the page has text");
+        page.glyphs.iter().map(|g| g.text.as_str()).collect()
+    };
+    assert_eq!(text_of(""), format!("Solid stateW{uni_char}?<=A"));
+    // An encoding says what the codes are, so they read through it.
+    assert_eq!(text_of("/Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding "), "6ROLGVWDWH=>?@A");
+    // `/Differences` still names its code: 0x36 reads `A`, not the glyph's `S`.
+    assert_eq!(text_of("/Encoding << /Differences [54 /A] >> "), format!("Aolid stateW{uni_char}?<=A"));
+}
+
 /// Issue #102: an A4 page (595.28×841.89 pt) rendered 595×841 at 72 dpi, dropping the last
 /// partial row and column. Like pdftoppm it is now 596×842, the edge pixels partly covered.
 #[test]
@@ -2769,6 +2888,126 @@ trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>
     assert_eq!(px(off), vec![255, 255, 255, 255], "toggled-off layer must not draw");
 }
 
+/// A page whose red square is in group 5 0 R (`ocg` its dictionary), under the default
+/// configuration `config`; `extra` adds objects from number 8.
+fn auto_state_pdf(ocg: &str, config: &str, extra: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    format!(
+        "%PDF-1.7
+1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /OCProperties << /OCGs [5 0 R] /D {config} >> >> endobj
+2 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >> endobj
+3 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 100 100] /Contents 4 0 R /Resources << /Properties << /L1 5 0 R >> >> >> endobj
+4 0 obj << /Length 44 >> stream
+/OC /L1 BDC 1 0 0 rg 0 0 100 100 re f EMC
+endstream endobj
+5 0 obj {ocg} endobj
+{extra}
+trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>
+%%EOF"
+    )
+    .into_bytes()
+}
+
+/// Whether the red square in group 5 0 R draws.
+fn auto_state_red(pdf: Vec<u8>, config: RenderConfig) -> bool {
+    let mut r = PageRenderer::new(Arc::new(pdf), config);
+    let p = r.render(RenderRequest { page: 0, kind: RequestKind::Pixels, tile: None, scale: 0.5, tag: 0, ..Default::default() });
+    p.rgba.get(..4) == Some(&[255, 0, 0, 255][..])
+}
+
+const VIEW_OFF: &str = "<< /Type /OCG /Name (A) /Usage << /View << /ViewState /OFF >> >> >>";
+const VIEW_ON: &str = "<< /Type /OCG /Name (A) /Usage << /View << /ViewState /ON >> >> >>";
+const AS_VIEW: &str = "/AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs [5 0 R] >>]";
+
+/// ISO 32000-2 §8.11.4.4: the configuration's auto state (`/AS`) sets a group's state for
+/// the View event from its usage, over `/BaseState`, `/ON` and `/OFF`. It was ignored, so a
+/// group whose `/ViewState` is OFF still drew on screen.
+#[test]
+fn the_view_auto_state_sets_a_groups_state_on_screen() {
+    let shown = |ocg: &str, config: &str| auto_state_red(auto_state_pdf(ocg, config, ""), RenderConfig::default());
+    assert!(!shown(VIEW_OFF, &format!("<< {AS_VIEW} >>")), "ViewState OFF, managed: hidden");
+    assert!(shown(VIEW_OFF, "<< >>"), "no /AS: the usage alone changes nothing");
+    assert!(shown(VIEW_OFF, "<< /AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs [] >>] >>"), "not listed in /OCGs");
+    assert!(shown(VIEW_ON, &format!("<< /OFF [5 0 R] {AS_VIEW} >>")), "ViewState ON wins over /OFF");
+    assert!(shown(VIEW_ON, &format!("<< /BaseState /OFF {AS_VIEW} >>")), "and over /BaseState /OFF");
+    assert!(!shown(VIEW_ON, "<< /OFF [5 0 R] >>"), "without /AS, /OFF decides");
+    // The View event only, and the View category only.
+    assert!(shown(VIEW_OFF, "<< /AS [<< /Event /Print /Category [/View] /OCGs [5 0 R] >>] >>"), "Print event: not on screen");
+    assert!(shown(VIEW_OFF, "<< /AS [<< /Event /Export /Category [/View] /OCGs [5 0 R] >>] >>"), "Export event: not on screen");
+    assert!(shown(VIEW_OFF, "<< /AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/Print] /OCGs [5 0 R] >>] >>"), "a category without a View entry");
+    // A category it cannot evaluate gives no recommendation; the View one still applies.
+    assert!(!shown(VIEW_OFF, "<< /AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/Zoom /View] /OCGs [5 0 R] >>] >>"), "Zoom alongside View");
+    let zoomed = "<< /Type /OCG /Name (A) /Usage << /Zoom << /min 4 >> >> >>";
+    assert!(shown(zoomed, "<< /AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/Zoom] /OCGs [5 0 R] >>] >>"), "Zoom alone: unchanged");
+    // Indirect applications, arrays and usage dictionaries are followed.
+    let indirect = "<< /Type /OCG /Name (A) /Usage 10 0 R >>";
+    let extra = "8 0 obj [9 0 R] endobj\n9 0 obj << /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs 11 0 R >> endobj\n10 0 obj << /View << /ViewState /OFF >> >> endobj\n11 0 obj [5 0 R] endobj";
+    assert!(!auto_state_red(auto_state_pdf(indirect, "<< /AS 8 0 R >>", extra), RenderConfig::default()), "indirect");
+}
+
+/// The Layers panel's toggles still decide over the auto state, and a render for printing
+/// does not apply it (printing is not the View event).
+#[test]
+fn layer_toggles_and_print_renders_are_not_the_view_auto_state() {
+    let pdf = auto_state_pdf(VIEW_OFF, &format!("<< {AS_VIEW} >>"), "");
+    let on = RenderConfig { layers: Arc::new(vec![(5, 0, true)]), ..Default::default() };
+    assert!(auto_state_red(pdf.clone(), on), "toggled on in the Layers panel");
+    assert!(auto_state_red(pdf.clone(), RenderConfig { for_print: true, ..Default::default() }), "printed: its configured state");
+    assert!(!auto_state_red(pdf, RenderConfig::default()), "on screen: hidden");
+}
+
+/// A print preview ([`PRINT_TAG`], with or without the canvas's scale and grayscale bits)
+/// shows what prints, so the View auto state is not applied to it either.
+#[test]
+fn print_previews_are_not_the_view_auto_state() {
+    let pdf = Arc::new(auto_state_pdf(VIEW_OFF, &format!("<< {AS_VIEW} >>"), ""));
+    let mut r = PageRenderer::new(pdf, RenderConfig::default());
+    for tag in [PRINT_TAG, PRINT_TAG | 1 << 59 | 7] {
+        let p = r.render(RenderRequest { page: 0, kind: RequestKind::Pixels, tile: None, scale: 0.5, tag, ..Default::default() });
+        assert_eq!(p.rgba.get(..4), Some(&[255, 0, 0, 255][..]), "tag {tag:#x}: printed state");
+    }
+    let p = r.render(RenderRequest { page: 0, kind: RequestKind::Pixels, tile: None, scale: 0.5, tag: 7, ..Default::default() });
+    assert_ne!(p.rgba.get(..4), Some(&[255, 0, 0, 255][..]), "on screen: hidden");
+}
+
+/// Malformed auto state is ignored without a panic, and the walk is bounded.
+#[test]
+fn malformed_view_auto_state_is_ignored() {
+    let shown = |config: &str, extra: &str| auto_state_red(auto_state_pdf(VIEW_OFF, config, extra), RenderConfig::default());
+    for config in [
+        "<< /AS 5 >>",
+        "<< /AS << /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs [5 0 R] >> >>",
+        "<< /AS [1 null /x (s) [5 0 R]] >>",
+        "<< /AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/View] >>] >>",
+        "<< /AS [<< /Event /View /OCGs [5 0 R] >>] >>",
+        "<< /AS [<< /Category [/View] /OCGs [5 0 R] >>] >>",
+        "<< /AS [<< /Event (View) /Category [/View] /OCGs [5 0 R] >>] >>",
+        "<< /AS [<< /Event /View /Category /View /OCGs [5 0 R] >>] >>",
+        "<< /AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs 5 0 R >>] >>",
+        "<< /AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs [(5) 5 /OCG] >>] >>",
+    ] {
+        assert!(shown(config, ""), "{config}: ignored");
+    }
+    let bad_state = |s: &str| {
+        let ocg = format!("<< /Type /OCG /Name (A) /Usage << /View << /ViewState {s} >> >> >>");
+        auto_state_red(auto_state_pdf(&ocg, &format!("<< {AS_VIEW} >>"), ""), RenderConfig::default())
+    };
+    for s in ["/Off", "(OFF)", "0", "null", "[/OFF]"] {
+        assert!(bad_state(s), "ViewState {s}: no recommendation");
+    }
+    // Cyclic references: an /AS, an application and a usage that refer to themselves.
+    assert!(shown("<< /AS 8 0 R >>", "8 0 obj 8 0 R endobj"), "self-referencing /AS");
+    assert!(shown("<< /AS [8 0 R] >>", "8 0 obj 8 0 R endobj"), "self-referencing application");
+    let cyclic = "<< /Type /OCG /Name (A) /Usage 8 0 R >>";
+    assert!(auto_state_red(auto_state_pdf(cyclic, &format!("<< {AS_VIEW} >>"), "8 0 obj 8 0 R endobj"), RenderConfig::default()));
+    // Huge arrays: the group listed after 4096 other entries is past the cap.
+    let many = format!("<< /AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs [{}5 0 R] >>] >>", "9 0 R ".repeat(4096));
+    assert!(shown(&many, "9 0 obj << /Type /OCG /Name (B) >> endobj"), "past the cap: unchanged");
+    let within = format!("<< /AS [<< /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs [{}5 0 R] >>] >>", "9 0 R ".repeat(4095));
+    assert!(!shown(&within, "9 0 obj << /Type /OCG /Name (B) >> endobj"), "within the cap: applied");
+    let apps = format!("<< /AS [{}<< /Event /View /Category [/View] /OCGs [5 0 R] >>] >>", "<< /Event /Print >> ".repeat(256));
+    assert!(shown(&apps, ""), "past the application cap: unchanged");
+}
+
 /// #2986: an optional content membership dictionary with a visibility expression (`/VE`,
 /// ISO 32000-2 §8.11.2.2) shows its content only when the expression is true, and the
 /// expression takes precedence over `/OCGs` and `/P`. It was ignored, so content under it
@@ -9163,6 +9402,10 @@ fn an_averaged_down_soft_mask_follows_its_samples_and_its_drawn_size() {
 // ICC profiles whose stream dictionaries are the same (vendored hayro-interpret patch 48).
 mod icc_profile_cache;
 
+// An Indexed resource named by many inline images reads its lookup once (vendored
+// hayro-interpret patch 80).
+mod indexed_lookup_cache;
+
 // A Type 3 glyph shown again decodes its procedure once (vendored hayro-interpret patch 87).
 mod type3_proc_cache;
 
diff --git a/crates/render/src/raster/tests/indexed_lookup_cache.rs b/crates/render/src/raster/tests/indexed_lookup_cache.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aab8029285
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/render/src/raster/tests/indexed_lookup_cache.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+//! An `/Indexed` colour space named by a resource is built once, and its lookup table read
+//! once, however many inline images name it (vendored hayro-interpret patch 80). An earlier
+//! version of the patch checked the table again before every inline image, decoding a lookup
+//! stream once per image outside the colour-space cache.
+
+use super::image_cache_pdf;
+
+/// A page that draws `count` 2 × 1 inline images in the resource colour space `/P`, an Indexed
+/// space over DeviceRGB with `hival` whose lookup is stream object 5 holding `table`.
+fn page(count: usize, hival: u8, table: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let image = "q 20 0 0 20 0 0 cm BI /W 2 /H 1 /BPC 8 /CS /P /F /AHx ID 0001> EI Q";
+    let content = vec![image; count].join("\n");
+    let resources = format!("<< /ColorSpace << /P [/Indexed /DeviceRGB {hival} 5 0 R] >> >>");
+    let dict = format!("<< /Length {} >>", table.len());
+    image_cache_pdf(&content, &resources, &[(&dict, table)])
+}
+
+fn lookup_reads(pdf: Vec<u8>) -> [usize; 2] {
+    use hayro::hayro_interpret::font::Glyph;
+    use hayro::hayro_interpret::hayro_syntax::Pdf;
+    use hayro::hayro_interpret::{
+        BlendMode, ClipPath, Context, Device, GlyphDrawMode, Image, InterpreterCache, InterpreterSettings, Paint, PathDrawMode, SoftMask,
+        TransformExt, interpret_page,
+    };
+    use kurbo::{Affine, BezPath, Rect};
+    use std::sync::Arc;
+
+    /// Draws nothing: only the colour spaces the page reads matter here.
+    struct Nothing;
+    impl<'a> Device<'a> for Nothing {
+        fn set_soft_mask(&mut self, _: Option<SoftMask<'a>>) {}
+        fn set_blend_mode(&mut self, _: BlendMode) {}
+        fn draw_path(&mut self, _: &BezPath, _: Affine, _: &Paint<'a>, _: &PathDrawMode) {}
+        fn push_clip_path(&mut self, _: &ClipPath) {}
+        fn push_transparency_group(&mut self, _: f32, _: Option<SoftMask<'a>>, _: BlendMode) {}
+        fn draw_glyph(&mut self, _: &Glyph<'a>, _: Affine, _: Affine, _: &Paint<'a>, _: &GlyphDrawMode) {}
+        fn draw_image(&mut self, _: Image<'a, '_>, _: Affine) {}
+        fn pop_clip_path(&mut self) {}
+        fn pop_transparency_group(&mut self) {}
+    }
+
+    let pdf = Pdf::new(Arc::new(pdf)).expect("parses");
+    let page = &pdf.pages()[0];
+    let cache = InterpreterCache::new();
+    [(); 2].map(|()| {
+        let initial = page.initial_transform(true).to_kurbo();
+        let mut ctx = Context::new(initial, Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 130.0, 70.0), &cache, page.xref(), InterpreterSettings::default());
+        interpret_page(page, &mut ctx, &mut Nothing);
+        cache.indexed_lookup_reads()
+    })
+}
+
+/// Twenty inline images naming one resource read its lookup stream once, in the first render
+/// and none in a second render through the same cache: for a full table, and for a short one
+/// that is padded (whose images an earlier version of the patch checked, and skipped, one by
+/// one).
+#[test]
+fn inline_images_naming_one_indexed_resource_read_its_lookup_once() {
+    let full = page(20, 1, b"\xFF\x00\x00\x00\xFF\x00");
+    assert_eq!(lookup_reads(full), [1, 1], "a full table: read once, then cached");
+    let short = page(20, 7, b"\xFF\x00\x00\x00\xFF\x00");
+    assert_eq!(lookup_reads(short), [1, 1], "a short table: read once, then cached");
+}
+
+/// Two Indexed resources whose arrays differ (`/P` names object 5, `/Q` object 6) are two
+/// spaces: each is built, and its table read, once, and neither stands in for the other.
+#[test]
+fn two_indexed_resources_are_cached_apart() {
+    let image = |name: &str| format!("q 20 0 0 20 0 0 cm BI /W 2 /H 1 /BPC 8 /CS /{name} /F /AHx ID 0001> EI Q");
+    let content = [image("P"), image("Q"), image("P"), image("Q")].join("\n");
+    let resources = "<< /ColorSpace << /P [/Indexed /DeviceRGB 1 5 0 R] /Q [/Indexed /DeviceRGB 1 6 0 R] >> >>";
+    let (red_green, blue_white): (&[u8], &[u8]) = (b"\xFF\x00\x00\x00\xFF\x00", b"\x00\x00\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF");
+    let pdf = image_cache_pdf(&content, resources, &[("<< /Length 6 >>", red_green), ("<< /Length 6 >>", blue_white)]);
+    assert_eq!(lookup_reads(pdf), [2, 2], "each table read once");
+}
diff --git a/crates/render/src/text.rs b/crates/render/src/text.rs
index abe506ca07..9f3439e158 100644
--- a/crates/render/src/text.rs
+++ b/crates/render/src/text.rs
@@ -137,7 +137,8 @@ impl PageText {
     /// Case-insensitive search. Returns glyph ranges of every match (words may span line breaks,
     /// which count as a single space, or as nothing where the line runs on between two Chinese or
     /// Japanese characters or ends in a soft hyphen: there a query with a space across the break
-    /// doesn't match, and one without does).
+    /// doesn't match, and one without does; a ligature matches its letters, and a word divided by a
+    /// hyphen at a line end matches whole as well as with the hyphen).
     pub fn find(&self, needle: &str) -> Vec<std::ops::Range<usize>> {
         self.find_opts(needle, false, false)
     }
diff --git a/crates/render/src/text/search.rs b/crates/render/src/text/search.rs
index bf64334d6e..42df5c0a83 100644
--- a/crates/render/src/text/search.rs
+++ b/crates/render/src/text/search.rs
@@ -1,33 +1,133 @@
 //! Literal search in normalized page text, retaining the original glyph owners.
 //!
-//! Words and lines are separated by one space, except where a line of Chinese or Japanese runs on
-//! to the next: a break between two such characters is no word break, so it reads as nothing and
-//! "検知機構" is found when the line ends after "検知".
+//! The page text is read as characters, each owned by the glyph it came from. Words and lines are
+//! separated by one space, except where a line of Chinese or Japanese runs on to the next: a break
+//! between two such characters is no word break, so it reads as nothing and "検知機構" is found
+//! when the line ends after "検知". A Latin compatibility ligature (U+FB00–U+FB06) reads as its
+//! letters in the page and in the query, so "office" finds "o\u{FB03}ce". A word divided by a
+//! hyphen at the end of a line is also found whole: where a line ends in a hyphen between two
+//! letters, the text is searched a second time without the hyphen and the line break ("example"
+//! finds "exam-" + "ple") and a third time with the hyphen but without the break ("exam-ple"). A
+//! hit in any reading counts; where hits from different readings overlap, the one that starts
+//! first is kept (the longer on a tie). A soft hyphen needs no second reading: it draws nothing,
+//! and a line that ends in one always runs on.
+use super::device::ligature_letters;
 use super::{PageText, fold_case};
 use std::ops::Range;
 
+/// How a line ending in a hyphen between two letters is read.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum Hyphen {
+    /// As written: the hyphen, then a line break (a space).
+    Written,
+    /// One word: neither the hyphen nor the break.
+    Joined,
+    /// A hyphenated compound: the hyphen, but no break.
+    Kept,
+}
+
+/// A visible hyphen that can divide a word at a line end: HYPHEN-MINUS and HYPHEN. A SOFT HYPHEN
+/// (ISO 32000-2 §14.8.2.3) is invisible instead: find skips it, and a line that ends in one runs on.
+fn is_hyphen(c: char) -> bool {
+    matches!(c, '-' | '\u{2010}')
+}
+
+/// Whether a line break separates glyph `i` from the glyph before it.
+fn breaks_before(page: &PageText, i: usize) -> bool {
+    i.checked_sub(1).and_then(|previous| page.line_of.get(previous)).zip(page.line_of.get(i)).is_some_and(|(a, b)| a != b)
+}
+
 pub(super) fn find(page: &PageText, query: &str, sensitive: bool, whole_words: bool, limit: usize) -> Vec<Range<usize>> {
     if limit == 0 {
         return Vec::new();
     }
-    let fold = |s: &str| if sensitive { s.to_owned() } else { fold_case(s) };
+    let fold = |s: &str| if sensitive { ligature_letters(s.to_owned()) } else { fold_case(&ligature_letters(s.to_owned())) };
     let query: String = fold(query).chars().filter(|&c| !is_invisible(c)).collect();
     let needle: Vec<char> = query.split_whitespace().collect::<Vec<_>>().join(" ").chars().collect();
     if needle.is_empty() {
         return Vec::new();
     }
+    let texts: Vec<String> = page.glyphs.iter().map(|g| fold(&g.text)).collect();
+    let divided: Vec<bool> = (0..texts.len()).map(|i| divides(page, &texts, i)).collect();
+    let readings: &[Hyphen] = if divided.contains(&true) { &[Hyphen::Written, Hyphen::Joined, Hyphen::Kept] } else { &[Hyphen::Written] };
+    // KMP reuses a matched prefix instead of comparing a long query again at every position.
+    // The table is bounded by the page's already materialized character count.
+    let mut prefix = vec![0; needle.len()];
+    let mut matched = 0;
+    for (i, &c) in needle.iter().enumerate().skip(1) {
+        matched = advance(&needle, &prefix, matched, c);
+        if let Some(slot) = prefix.get_mut(i) {
+            *slot = matched;
+        }
+    }
+    let mut hits: Vec<(Range<usize>, usize)> = Vec::new();
+    for (r, &reading) in readings.iter().enumerate() {
+        let (chars, zero_width_space) = characters(page, &texts, &divided, reading);
+        let found = search(&chars, &zero_width_space, &needle, &prefix, whole_words, limit);
+        hits.extend(found.into_iter().map(|hit| (hit, r)));
+    }
+    if readings.len() == 1 {
+        return hits.into_iter().map(|(hit, _)| hit).collect();
+    }
+    // Each reading's hits are in order and apart in its characters, though two can share a glyph
+    // ("f" twice in an "ffi" glyph); they are all kept. Across readings, the earliest start wins
+    // (the longer on a tie): a hit is left out where it overlaps one kept from another reading.
+    // The sort is stable, so the earlier reading wins an exact tie.
+    hits.sort_by(|a, b| a.0.start.cmp(&b.0.start).then(b.0.end.cmp(&a.0.end)));
+    // The furthest end of the hits kept from each reading. Hits come in order of start, so one
+    // overlaps an earlier kept hit exactly when it starts before that hit's end.
+    let mut ends = [0usize; 3];
+    let mut kept: Vec<Range<usize>> = Vec::new();
+    for (hit, r) in hits {
+        if ends.iter().enumerate().all(|(other, &end)| other == r || hit.start >= end) {
+            if let Some(end) = ends.get_mut(r) {
+                *end = (*end).max(hit.end);
+            }
+            kept.push(hit);
+            if kept.len() == limit {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    kept
+}
+
+/// Whether glyph `i` ends its line with a hyphen that follows a letter of its word, and the next
+/// line starts with a letter. `texts` are the glyphs' folded texts; the invisible characters find
+/// skips are passed over on both sides.
+fn divides(page: &PageText, texts: &[String], i: usize) -> bool {
+    let Some(text) = texts.get(i) else { return false };
+    let mut back = text.chars().rev().filter(|&c| !is_invisible(c));
+    if !back.next().is_some_and(is_hyphen) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let before = match back.next() {
+        Some(c) => Some(c),
+        // A hyphen glyph of its own: the letter is the end of the glyph before, on its line with no word gap.
+        None if !page.space_before.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(false) && !breaks_before(page, i) => {
+            i.checked_sub(1).and_then(|p| texts.get(p)).and_then(|t| t.chars().rev().find(|&c| !is_invisible(c)))
+        }
+        None => None,
+    };
+    let Some(next) = i.checked_add(1) else { return false };
+    before.is_some_and(char::is_alphabetic)
+        && breaks_before(page, next)
+        && texts.get(next).and_then(|t| t.chars().find(|&c| !is_invisible(c))).is_some_and(char::is_alphabetic)
+}
+
+/// The page's characters in one `reading`, each with the glyph it came from, and whether a
+/// skipped ZERO WIDTH SPACE came right before each one: it draws nothing, but it is a word
+/// boundary (UAX #29 breaks on both sides of it), which Thai and Khmer write between words with
+/// no visible gap, so whole-word search still sees two words there.
+fn characters(page: &PageText, texts: &[String], divided: &[bool], reading: Hyphen) -> (Vec<(char, usize)>, Vec<bool>) {
     let mut chars: Vec<(char, usize)> = Vec::new();
-    // Whether a skipped ZERO WIDTH SPACE came right before each character: it draws nothing, but
-    // it is a word boundary (UAX #29 breaks on both sides of it), which Thai and Khmer write between words
-    // with no visible gap, so whole-word search still sees two words there.
     let mut zero_width_space: Vec<bool> = Vec::new();
     let mut pending_zero_width_space = false;
     // The last character pushed other than a variation selector, kept as characters are pushed so
     // a long run of selectors costs no rescan.
     let mut last_base: Option<char> = None;
-    for (i, glyph) in page.glyphs.iter().enumerate() {
-        let text = fold(&glyph.text);
-        let line_break = i.checked_sub(1).and_then(|previous| page.line_of.get(previous)).zip(page.line_of.get(i)).is_some_and(|(a, b)| a != b);
+    for (i, text) in texts.iter().enumerate() {
+        let line_break = breaks_before(page, i);
         // A soft hyphen marks where a word may be divided at a line end (ISO 32000-2 §14.8.2.3), so
         // a line that ends in one runs on to the next with no word break between them.
         // Other invisible characters after the soft hyphen don't hide it.
@@ -36,18 +136,29 @@ pub(super) fn find(page: &PageText, query: &str, sensitive: bool, whole_words: b
         // sides of the break are the visible ones: invisible characters are skipped below, and a
         // variation selector after the last one only picks its glyph.
         let joined = line_break && last_base.is_some_and(unspaced) && first_visible(page, i).is_some_and(unspaced) && wraps(page, i);
-        let gap = page.space_before.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(false) || (line_break && !(joined || soft_break));
+        // And, in the readings that join it, a line that ends in a visible hyphen between letters.
+        let after_divide = reading != Hyphen::Written && i.checked_sub(1).and_then(|p| divided.get(p)).copied().unwrap_or(false);
+        let gap = page.space_before.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(false) || (line_break && !(joined || soft_break || after_divide));
         if i > 0 && gap && chars.last().is_some_and(|c| c.0 != ' ') {
             chars.push((' ', i));
             last_base = Some(' ');
             zero_width_space.push(false);
             pending_zero_width_space = false;
         }
-        for c in text.chars() {
+        // The divided glyph's hyphen is its last visible character, left out of the joined reading.
+        let dropped = if reading == Hyphen::Joined && divided.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(false) {
+            text.char_indices().rev().find(|&(_, c)| !is_invisible(c)).map(|(at, _)| at)
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        for (at, c) in text.char_indices() {
             if is_invisible(c) {
                 pending_zero_width_space |= c == '\u{200B}';
                 continue;
             }
+            if Some(at) == dropped {
+                continue;
+            }
             let c = if c.is_whitespace() { ' ' } else { c };
             if c != ' ' || chars.last().is_none_or(|last| last.0 != ' ') {
                 chars.push((c, i));
@@ -59,35 +170,38 @@ pub(super) fn find(page: &PageText, query: &str, sensitive: bool, whole_words: b
             }
         }
     }
+    (chars, zero_width_space)
+}
+
+/// Non-overlapping hits of `needle` (with its KMP `prefix` table) in `chars`, as glyph ranges.
+/// `zero_width_space` says which characters come right after a skipped zero width space.
+fn search(
+    chars: &[(char, usize)],
+    zero_width_space: &[bool],
+    needle: &[char],
+    prefix: &[usize],
+    whole_words: bool,
+    limit: usize,
+) -> Vec<Range<usize>> {
     if needle.len() > chars.len() {
         return Vec::new();
     }
-    // KMP reuses a matched prefix instead of comparing a long query again at every position.
-    // The table is bounded by the page's already materialized character count.
-    let mut prefix = vec![0; needle.len()];
     let mut matched = 0;
-    for (i, &c) in needle.iter().enumerate().skip(1) {
-        matched = advance(&needle, &prefix, matched, c);
-        if let Some(slot) = prefix.get_mut(i) {
-            *slot = matched;
-        }
-    }
-    matched = 0;
     // A neighbour bounds a word only in a script that puts spaces between words. Han, kana, Thai
     // and the like run their words together, so a character of theirs next to the match is no
     // reason to reject it: Acrobat finds 台北 inside 台北市 with Whole words only on. Digits still
     // bound, in any script: ๑ is not a whole word inside the number ๑๒.
     let word = |i: Option<usize>| i.and_then(|i| chars.get(i)).is_some_and(|c| c.0.is_alphanumeric() && (c.0.is_numeric() || !unspaced_script(c.0)));
+    // A skipped zero width space before the first character or after the last is a boundary.
+    let after_break = |i: usize| zero_width_space.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(false);
     let mut hits = Vec::new();
     for (i, &(c, owner)) in chars.iter().enumerate() {
-        matched = advance(&needle, &prefix, matched, c);
+        matched = advance(needle, prefix, matched, c);
         if matched != needle.len() {
             continue;
         }
         let end = i.saturating_add(1);
         let start = end.saturating_sub(needle.len());
-        // A skipped zero width space before the first character or after the last is a boundary.
-        let after_break = |i: usize| zero_width_space.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(false);
         let bounded = !whole_words || ((after_break(start) || !word(start.checked_sub(1))) && (after_break(end) || !word(Some(end))));
         if bounded {
             if let Some((_, first)) = chars.get(start)
diff --git a/crates/render/tests/it/euro_width.rs b/crates/render/tests/it/euro_width.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..20833aae38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/render/tests/it/euro_width.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+//! A standard 14 font named without `/Widths` draws each glyph within the advance its standard
+//! metrics give (ISO 32000-2 §9.6.2.2), including the Euro at WinAnsiEncoding code 128 (Annex D,
+//! Table D.2): the bundled stand-ins draw their € up to 722 units wide, and it overlapped the
+//! glyph after it in Helvetica and Times.
+
+use pdfcraft_fonts::Std14;
+use pdfcraft_render::{PageRenderer, RenderConfig, RenderRequest};
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+/// 100 pt at scale 1 is 100 pixels to the em, so a width of 556 units is 55.6 pixels.
+pub(crate) const SIZE: f64 = 100.0;
+const EURO: u8 = 0x80;
+
+fn pdf(objects: &[String]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut bytes = b"%PDF-1.7\n".to_vec();
+    let mut offsets = Vec::new();
+    for (i, object) in objects.iter().enumerate() {
+        offsets.push(bytes.len());
+        bytes.extend_from_slice(format!("{} 0 obj\n{object}\nendobj\n", i + 1).as_bytes());
+    }
+    let xref = bytes.len();
+    bytes.extend_from_slice(format!("xref\n0 {}\n0000000000 65535 f \n", objects.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    for offset in offsets {
+        bytes.extend_from_slice(format!("{offset:010} 00000 n \n").as_bytes());
+    }
+    bytes.extend_from_slice(format!("trailer << /Size {} /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{xref}\n%%EOF\n", objects.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    bytes
+}
+
+/// The runs of columns holding dark pixels, as (first, last) column, of `text` (a PDF literal
+/// string body) shown at 100 pt in the standard font `name` with WinAnsiEncoding and no
+/// `/Widths`, starting 20 pt from the left edge.
+fn ink_runs(name: &str, text: &str) -> Vec<(u32, u32)> {
+    ink_runs_in(name, Some("WinAnsiEncoding"), text)
+}
+
+/// [`ink_runs`] in `encoding`, or with no `/Encoding` at all (the font's built-in one).
+pub(crate) fn ink_runs_in(name: &str, encoding: Option<&str>, text: &str) -> Vec<(u32, u32)> {
+    let body = format!("BT /F1 {SIZE} Tf 20 40 Td ({text}) Tj ET");
+    let bytes = pdf(&[
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 300 160] /Contents 4 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F1 5 0 R >> >> >>".into(),
+        format!("<< /Length {} >>\nstream\n{body}\nendstream", body.len()),
+        format!("<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /{name}{} >>", encoding.map(|e| format!(" /Encoding /{e}")).unwrap_or_default()),
+    ]);
+    let mut renderer = PageRenderer::new(Arc::new(bytes), RenderConfig::default());
+    let image = renderer.render(RenderRequest { page: 0, scale: 1.0, ..Default::default() });
+    assert!(image.error.is_none(), "{:?}", image.error);
+    let dark = |x: u32| {
+        (0..image.height).any(|y| {
+            let at = usize::try_from((y * image.width + x) * 4).unwrap_or(usize::MAX);
+            image.rgba.get(at).is_some_and(|r| *r < 128)
+        })
+    };
+    let mut runs: Vec<(u32, u32)> = Vec::new();
+    for x in 0..image.width {
+        if dark(x) {
+            match runs.last_mut() {
+                Some(run) if run.1 + 1 == x => run.1 = x,
+                _ => runs.push((x, x)),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    runs
+}
+
+/// `a€b`: the € keeps clear of both neighbours, its ink is no wider than its advance, and each
+/// glyph sits where the advances the writer measures with (`Std14`) put it: 556 units for the
+/// Helvetica family, 500 for Times and 600 for Courier.
+#[test]
+fn the_euro_fits_its_standard_advance() {
+    for (name, font, euro) in [
+        ("Helvetica", Std14::Helvetica, 556),
+        ("Helvetica-Bold", Std14::HelveticaBold, 556),
+        ("Times-Roman", Std14::TimesRoman, 500),
+        ("Times-Bold", Std14::TimesBold, 500),
+        ("Courier", Std14::Courier, 600),
+        ("Courier-Bold", Std14::CourierBold, 600),
+    ] {
+        assert_eq!(font.width(EURO), f64::from(euro), "{name}: the writer's Euro width");
+        let advance = font.advance(EURO, SIZE);
+        let a = font.advance(b'a', SIZE);
+
+        let runs = ink_runs(name, "a\\200b");
+        let [_, (euro_start, euro_end), (b_start, _)] = runs[..] else { panic!("{name}: a, € and b apart: {runs:?}") };
+        let [(alone_euro, _)] = ink_runs(name, "\\200")[..] else { panic!("{name}: one €") };
+        let [(alone_b, _)] = ink_runs(name, "b")[..] else { panic!("{name}: one b") };
+
+        assert!(f64::from(euro_end - euro_start + 1) <= advance + 1.0, "{name}: the € is no wider than {euro} units: {runs:?}");
+        assert!((f64::from(euro_start) - f64::from(alone_euro) - a).abs() <= 1.0, "{name}: the € starts one `a` on: {runs:?}");
+        assert!((f64::from(b_start) - f64::from(alone_b) - a - advance).abs() <= 1.0, "{name}: the b starts {euro} units after the €: {runs:?}");
+    }
+}
+
+/// `€€`: two Euros side by side stay two glyphs, the second one advance on.
+#[test]
+fn two_euros_stay_apart() {
+    for (name, font) in [("Helvetica", Std14::Helvetica), ("Times-Roman", Std14::TimesRoman), ("Times-Bold", Std14::TimesBold)] {
+        let runs = ink_runs(name, "\\200\\200");
+        let [(first, _), (second, _)] = runs[..] else { panic!("{name}: two separate Euros: {runs:?}") };
+        assert!((f64::from(second - first) - font.advance(EURO, SIZE)).abs() <= 1.0, "{name}: {runs:?}");
+    }
+}
+
+/// The slanted faces: a lone € is no wider than its advance either. (Their neighbours can share
+/// a column with it through the slant alone, so the gaps of `a€b` aren't a measure there.)
+#[test]
+fn a_slanted_euro_fits_its_standard_advance() {
+    for (name, font) in [
+        ("Helvetica-Oblique", Std14::HelveticaOblique),
+        ("Helvetica-BoldOblique", Std14::HelveticaBoldOblique),
+        ("Times-BoldItalic", Std14::TimesBoldItalic),
+    ] {
+        let runs = ink_runs(name, r"\200");
+        let [(start, end)] = runs[..] else { panic!("{name}: one €: {runs:?}") };
+        assert!(f64::from(end - start + 1) <= font.advance(EURO, SIZE) + 1.0, "{name}: {runs:?}");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/render/tests/it/indexed_lookup.rs b/crates/render/tests/it/indexed_lookup.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a5d01673f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/render/tests/it/indexed_lookup.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,458 @@
+//! An `/Indexed` image whose colour space breaks ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3 (a lookup table shorter
+//! than m × (hival + 1) bytes, or a `hival` past 255 or with a fraction) is drawn as most
+//! readers draw it, and the render reports `RenderWarning::MalformedIndexedImage`:
+//! - a short table keeps the entries it holds in full, and an index past them is drawn black,
+//!   whatever the base space;
+//! - a `hival` past 255 is taken as 255;
+//! - a real `hival` is truncated toward zero.
+//!
+//! An image whose lookup is missing, `null`, neither a string nor a stream, or a stream that
+//! does not decode is not drawn, and is reported. A `hival` that is negative or not a number
+//! keeps the upstream handling (the image falls back to DeviceGray), and is reported too.
+//! Upstream fell back to DeviceGray for every one of these, painting the indices as near-black
+//! grey levels, even those whose entries were present.
+//!
+//! The images are 8 × 1, samples 0 to 7, each column 25 px wide on a 200 × 200 page (the layout
+//! of the seven cases A to G a reviewer compared across readers on #4393).
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use pdfcraft_render::{PageRenderer, RenderConfig, RenderRequest, RenderWarning, RenderedPage, RequestKind};
+
+/// The eight entries the tests' tables hold, in order.
+const TABLE: &str = "FF0000 00FF00 0000FF FFFF00 FF00FF 00FFFF 808080 000000";
+const COLOURS: [[u8; 3]; 8] = [[255, 0, 0], [0, 255, 0], [0, 0, 255], [255, 255, 0], [255, 0, 255], [0, 255, 255], [128, 128, 128], [0, 0, 0]];
+const BLACK: [u8; 3] = [0, 0, 0];
+const WHITE: [u8; 3] = [255, 255, 255];
+const DRAW_IMAGE: &str = "q 200 0 0 200 0 0 cm /Im Do Q";
+const MALFORMED: [RenderWarning; 1] = [RenderWarning::MalformedIndexedImage];
+
+/// The first `n` hex entries of `TABLE`.
+fn entries(n: usize) -> String {
+    TABLE.split(' ').take(n).collect::<Vec<_>>().join(" ")
+}
+
+/// A 200 × 200 page whose `/Im` image is eight samples wide (indices 0 to 7) and covers the
+/// page, with `/P` naming `colour_space` as a resource. `extra` objects are numbered from 6.
+fn pdf(colour_space: &str, content: &str, extra: &[&[u8]]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    pdf_with_resource("P", colour_space, content, extra)
+}
+
+/// As `pdf`, with the colour space resource named `resource` rather than `/P`.
+fn pdf_with_resource(resource: &str, colour_space: &str, content: &str, extra: &[&[u8]]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    pdf_with_resources(resource, colour_space, "", content, extra)
+}
+
+/// As `pdf_with_resource`, with `more` entries in the page's resource dictionary.
+fn pdf_with_resources(resource: &str, colour_space: &str, more: &str, content: &str, extra: &[&[u8]]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut objs: Vec<Vec<u8>> = vec![
+        b"<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>".to_vec(),
+        b"<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>".to_vec(),
+        format!(
+            "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 200 200] /Contents 4 0 R \
+             /Resources << /XObject << /Im 5 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /{resource} {colour_space} >> {more} >> >>"
+        )
+        .into_bytes(),
+        format!("<< /Length {} >>\nstream\n{content}\nendstream", content.len()).into_bytes(),
+        format!(
+            "<< /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 8 /Height 1 /BitsPerComponent 8 \
+             /ColorSpace {colour_space} /Filter /ASCIIHexDecode /Length 17 >>\nstream\n0001020304050607>\nendstream"
+        )
+        .into_bytes(),
+    ];
+    objs.extend(extra.iter().map(|o| o.to_vec()));
+    let mut out = b"%PDF-1.7\n".to_vec();
+    let mut offsets = Vec::new();
+    for (i, body) in objs.iter().enumerate() {
+        offsets.push(out.len());
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{} 0 obj\n", i + 1).as_bytes());
+        out.extend_from_slice(body);
+        out.extend_from_slice(b"\nendobj\n");
+    }
+    let xref = out.len();
+    let size = objs.len() + 1;
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("xref\n0 {size}\n0000000000 65535 f \n").as_bytes());
+    for off in offsets {
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{off:010} 00000 n \n").as_bytes());
+    }
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("trailer\n<< /Size {size} /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{xref}\n%%EOF\n").as_bytes());
+    out
+}
+
+fn render(bytes: Vec<u8>) -> RenderedPage {
+    let page = PageRenderer::new(Arc::new(bytes), RenderConfig::default()).render(RenderRequest {
+        page: 0,
+        kind: RequestKind::Pixels,
+        tile: None,
+        scale: 1.0,
+        tag: 0,
+        preview: false,
+    });
+    assert!(page.error.is_none(), "{:?}", page.error);
+    assert_eq!((page.width, page.height), (200, 200));
+    page
+}
+
+/// The centre pixel of each of the eight columns (indices 0 to 7), RGB.
+fn columns(page: &RenderedPage) -> [[u8; 3]; 8] {
+    std::array::from_fn(|i| {
+        let at = (100 * page.width as usize + 12 + 25 * i) * 4;
+        let px = page.rgba.get(at..at + 3).expect("pixel inside the page");
+        [px[0], px[1], px[2]]
+    })
+}
+
+/// The first `n` of `COLOURS`, then black: a table of `n` entries.
+fn padded(n: usize) -> [[u8; 3]; 8] {
+    std::array::from_fn(|i| if i < n { COLOURS[i] } else { BLACK })
+}
+
+/// Index `i` drawn as the grey level `i` / 255: the DeviceGray fallback.
+fn grey_fallback() -> [[u8; 3]; 8] {
+    std::array::from_fn(|i| [i as u8; 3])
+}
+
+#[track_caller]
+fn assert_page(colour_space: &str, extra: &[&[u8]], want: [[u8; 3]; 8], warned: bool) {
+    let page = render(pdf(colour_space, DRAW_IMAGE, extra));
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page), want, "{colour_space}: the columns");
+    let want_warnings: &[RenderWarning] = if warned { &MALFORMED } else { &[] };
+    assert_eq!(page.warnings, want_warnings, "{colour_space}: the warnings");
+}
+
+/// Case A: a full table draws its eight colours, with no warning.
+#[test]
+fn a_full_table_draws_its_colours() {
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 <{TABLE}>]"), &[], COLOURS, false);
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7.0 <{TABLE}>]"), &[], COLOURS, false);
+}
+
+/// Cases B and F: a short table keeps the entries it holds, and an index past them is black.
+#[test]
+fn a_short_table_draws_its_entries_and_black_past_them() {
+    // B: hival 7 needs 24 bytes; 6 are given. Indices 0 and 1 used to draw black.
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 <{}>]", entries(2)), &[], padded(2), true);
+    // F: one entry short.
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 <{}>]", entries(7)), &[], padded(7), true);
+    // One byte short: entry 1 is incomplete, so it is not held; indices past hival take it.
+    let mut want = [BLACK; 8];
+    want[0] = COLOURS[0];
+    assert_page("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 1 <FF0000 00FF>]", &[], want, true);
+}
+
+/// The base space for each of the short-table tests below, with its two-entry table, and the
+/// stream objects it needs (numbered from 6).
+fn short_table_in(base: &str, table: &str) -> String {
+    format!("[/Indexed {base} 7 <{table}>]")
+}
+
+/// A short table over `base`: the two entries it holds draw as they do with a full table (the
+/// rest of which is white, never drawn black by a reader), and every index past them is black.
+/// Zero bytes would be white in DeviceCMYK, Separation and DeviceN, and blue in Lab.
+#[track_caller]
+fn assert_black_past_the_table(base: &str, two: &str, white: &str, extra: &[&[u8]]) {
+    let full = render(pdf(&short_table_in(base, &format!("{two} {}", white.repeat(6))), DRAW_IMAGE, extra));
+    assert!(full.warnings.is_empty(), "{base}: {:?}", full.warnings);
+    let full = columns(&full);
+    assert!(full[..2].iter().all(|c| *c != BLACK && *c != WHITE), "{base}: the two entries have colour: {full:?}");
+    let page = render(pdf(&short_table_in(base, two), DRAW_IMAGE, extra));
+    assert_eq!(page.warnings, MALFORMED, "{base}");
+    let mut want = [BLACK; 8];
+    want[..2].copy_from_slice(&full[..2]);
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page), want, "{base}: entries 2 to 7 are black");
+}
+
+/// DeviceGray: zero is black here, so a zero-padded table drew the same (a guard).
+#[test]
+fn indices_past_a_short_table_are_black_over_device_gray() {
+    assert_black_past_the_table("/DeviceGray", "40 80", "FF ", &[]);
+}
+
+/// DeviceCMYK: a zero entry would be white (no ink).
+#[test]
+fn indices_past_a_short_table_are_black_over_device_cmyk() {
+    assert_black_past_the_table("/DeviceCMYK", "FF000000 00FF0000", "00000000 ", &[]);
+}
+
+/// Lab: a zero entry would be L* 0 with a* and b* at the bottom of their ranges, blue.
+#[test]
+fn indices_past_a_short_table_are_black_over_lab() {
+    assert_black_past_the_table("[/Lab << /WhitePoint [0.9505 1 1.089] /Range [-128 127 -128 127] >>]", "80FF80 8080FF", "FF8080 ", &[]);
+}
+
+/// Separation (a spot orange: tint 1 is orange in DeviceCMYK): a zero entry would be tint 0,
+/// white.
+#[test]
+fn indices_past_a_short_table_are_black_over_separation() {
+    assert_black_past_the_table(
+        "[/Separation /Orange /DeviceCMYK << /FunctionType 2 /Domain [0 1] /C0 [0 0 0 0] /C1 [0 0.5 1 0] /N 1 >>]",
+        "FF 80",
+        "00 ",
+        &[],
+    );
+}
+
+/// DeviceN (cyan and magenta, mapped onto DeviceCMYK by a Type 4 function): a zero entry would
+/// be white.
+#[test]
+fn indices_past_a_short_table_are_black_over_device_n() {
+    let tint: &[u8] = b"<< /FunctionType 4 /Domain [0 1 0 1] /Range [0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1] /Length 9 >>\nstream\n{ 0 0 }\nendstream";
+    assert_black_past_the_table("[/DeviceN [/Cyan /Magenta] /DeviceCMYK 6 0 R]", "FF00 00FF", "0000 ", &[tint]);
+}
+
+/// ICCBased with four components and no usable profile, drawn in its /Alternate DeviceCMYK: a
+/// zero entry would be white.
+#[test]
+fn indices_past_a_short_table_are_black_over_icc_based_with_four_components() {
+    let profile: &[u8] = b"<< /N 4 /Alternate /DeviceCMYK /Length 4 >>\nstream\nJUNK\nendstream";
+    assert_black_past_the_table("[/ICCBased 6 0 R]", "FF000000 00FF0000", "00000000 ", &[profile]);
+}
+
+/// Case C: an index past `hival` takes the nearest entry (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3: "shall be
+/// adjusted to the nearest value within that range"); a table longer than needed is fine.
+#[test]
+fn an_index_past_hival_takes_the_last_entry() {
+    let mut want = COLOURS;
+    want[4..].fill(COLOURS[3]);
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 3 <{TABLE}>]"), &[], want, false);
+}
+
+/// Case D: a `hival` past 255 is taken as 255, and the table padded to 256 entries.
+#[test]
+fn a_hival_past_255_is_clamped() {
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 300 <{TABLE}>]"), &[], COLOURS, true);
+    // With a table long enough for 301 entries, the clamp alone is reported.
+    let long = format!("<{TABLE}{}>", "00".repeat(3 * 293));
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 300 {long}]"), &[], COLOURS, true);
+    // 256, one past.
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 256 <{TABLE}{}>]", "00".repeat(3 * 249)), &[], COLOURS, true);
+    // 255, the largest, with a full table draws without a warning.
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 255 <{TABLE}{}>]", "00".repeat(3 * 248)), &[], COLOURS, false);
+}
+
+/// Case E: a real `hival` is truncated toward zero, as hayro read it before patch (80).
+#[test]
+fn a_real_hival_is_truncated() {
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7.5 <{TABLE}>]"), &[], COLOURS, true);
+    // 6.9 is 6, not 7: index 7 takes entry 6.
+    let mut want = COLOURS;
+    want[7] = COLOURS[6];
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 6.9 <{TABLE}>]"), &[], want, true);
+    // -0.5 is 0 (toward zero; a real above -1 truncates to 0): every index takes entry 0.
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB -0.5 <{TABLE}>]"), &[], [COLOURS[0]; 8], true);
+    // 255.5 is 255; 255.0 written as a real is the integer 255.
+    let full = format!("<{TABLE}{}>", "00".repeat(3 * 248));
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 255.5 {full}]"), &[], COLOURS, true);
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 255.0 {full}]"), &[], COLOURS, false);
+}
+
+/// Case G: inline images, named through the resources or given in place, are recovered too, and
+/// skipped when the space has no table.
+#[test]
+fn inline_images_with_a_short_table_are_recovered_too() {
+    let inline = |cs: &str| format!("q 200 0 0 200 0 0 cm BI /W 8 /H 1 /BPC 8 /CS {cs} /F /AHx ID 0001020304050607> EI Q");
+    let short = format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 <{}>]", entries(2));
+    // Named through the page's resources.
+    let page = render(pdf_with_resource("CS0", &short, &inline("/CS0"), &[]));
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page), padded(2));
+    assert_eq!(page.warnings, MALFORMED);
+    // Given in place, with the inline abbreviations.
+    let page = render(pdf("/DeviceRGB", &inline(&format!("[/I /RGB 7 <{}>]", entries(2))), &[]));
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page), padded(2));
+    assert_eq!(page.warnings, MALFORMED);
+    // A `hival` with no reading falls back and is reported, named or in place.
+    let page = render(pdf(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB -1 <{TABLE}>]"), &inline("/P"), &[]));
+    assert_eq!((columns(&page), page.warnings), (grey_fallback(), MALFORMED.to_vec()));
+    let page = render(pdf("/DeviceRGB", &inline(&format!("[/I /RGB -1 <{TABLE}>]")), &[]));
+    assert_eq!((columns(&page), page.warnings), (grey_fallback(), MALFORMED.to_vec()));
+    // No table: not drawn, named or in place.
+    let page = render(pdf("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 null]", &inline("/P"), &[]));
+    assert_eq!((columns(&page), page.warnings), ([WHITE; 8], MALFORMED.to_vec()));
+    let page = render(pdf("/DeviceRGB", &inline("[/I /RGB 7]"), &[]));
+    assert_eq!((columns(&page), page.warnings), ([WHITE; 8], MALFORMED.to_vec()));
+    // A well-formed one draws without a warning.
+    let page = render(pdf(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 <{TABLE}>]"), &inline("/P"), &[]));
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page), COLOURS);
+    assert!(page.warnings.is_empty(), "{:?}", page.warnings);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn an_inline_device_space_name_ignores_a_resource_of_the_same_name() {
+    // ISO 32000-2 §8.6.8 (the CS operator): the device colour space names never refer to
+    // resources in the ColorSpace subdictionary, so a malformed Indexed resource that shares the
+    // name (here the inline abbreviation `/RGB`, and `/DeviceRGB`) is not used.
+    let data: String = TABLE.split(' ').collect();
+    for (resource, cs) in [("RGB", "/RGB"), ("DeviceRGB", "/DeviceRGB")] {
+        let content = format!("q 200 0 0 200 0 0 cm BI /W 8 /H 1 /BPC 8 /CS {cs} /F /AHx ID {data}> EI Q");
+        let page = render(pdf_with_resource(resource, "[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 <FF0000 00FF00>]", &content, &[]));
+        assert_eq!(columns(&page), COLOURS, "{cs}: the device space draws");
+        assert!(page.warnings.is_empty(), "{cs}: {:?}", page.warnings);
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_page_with_several_malformed_images_reports_the_warning_once() {
+    let content = format!("{DRAW_IMAGE} {DRAW_IMAGE} 0 0 1 rg 0 0 10 10 re f");
+    let page = render(pdf(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 <{}>]", entries(2)), &content, &[]));
+    assert_eq!(page.warnings, MALFORMED);
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page), padded(2));
+    let at = (195 * page.width as usize + 5) * 4;
+    assert_eq!(page.rgba.get(at..at + 3), Some(&[0u8, 0, 255][..]), "content after the images still draws");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_lookup_string_given_by_reference_is_read() {
+    // A lookup is a byte string or a stream (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3), and either may be indirect.
+    // A string by reference used to be missed: trying it as a stream consumed the reference.
+    let full = format!("<{TABLE}>");
+    assert_page("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 6 0 R]", &[full.as_bytes()], COLOURS, false);
+    let short = format!("<{}>", entries(2));
+    assert_page("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 6 0 R]", &[short.as_bytes()], padded(2), true);
+    // Something that is neither a string nor a stream is no table: the image is not drawn.
+    assert_page("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 6 0 R]", &[b"42"], [WHITE; 8], true);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn the_table_size_holds_at_the_bounds_of_hival_and_the_base() {
+    // Four components (DeviceCMYK): hival 1 needs 8 bytes. With 7, entry 1 is incomplete, so it
+    // is not held: index 1, and the indices past hival that take it, are black.
+    let full = render(pdf("[/Indexed /DeviceCMYK 1 <FF000000 00FF0000>]", DRAW_IMAGE, &[]));
+    assert!(full.warnings.is_empty(), "{:?}", full.warnings);
+    assert_ne!(columns(&full)[0], WHITE, "the image is drawn");
+    let short = render(pdf("[/Indexed /DeviceCMYK 1 <FF000000 00FF00>]", DRAW_IMAGE, &[]));
+    assert_eq!(short.warnings, MALFORMED);
+    let mut want = [BLACK; 8];
+    want[0] = columns(&full)[0];
+    assert_eq!(columns(&short), want);
+    // One component (DeviceGray): hival 0 needs one byte; an empty table holds no entry.
+    assert_page("[/Indexed /DeviceGray 0 <80>]", &[], [[128; 3]; 8], false);
+    assert_page("[/Indexed /DeviceGray 0 <>]", &[], [BLACK; 8], true);
+    // hival 255 over DeviceRGB needs 768 bytes: 767 is one short.
+    assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 255 <{TABLE}{}>]", "00".repeat(3 * 248 - 1)), &[], COLOURS, true);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_hival_that_would_overflow_a_size_is_clamped_without_panicking() {
+    // Values whose (hival + 1) × components would overflow a 32-bit or 64-bit size, or that do
+    // not fit an integer at all, are taken as 255.
+    for hival in ["4294967295", "4294967296", "18446744073709551615", "99999999999999999999999"] {
+        assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB {hival} <{}>]", entries(2)), &[], padded(2), true);
+    }
+}
+
+/// A `hival` that is negative or not a number has no reading to recover: the image keeps the
+/// upstream handling (it falls back to DeviceGray), and the warning is still reported.
+#[test]
+fn a_negative_or_non_numeric_hival_falls_back_with_a_warning() {
+    for hival in ["-1", "-1.5", "-2147483649", "/One", "null"] {
+        assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB {hival} <{TABLE}>]"), &[], grey_fallback(), true);
+    }
+}
+
+/// An empty string is a table that holds no entry: every index is black.
+#[test]
+fn an_empty_table_draws_black() {
+    for lookup in ["<>", "()"] {
+        assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 1 {lookup}]"), &[], padded(0), true);
+    }
+}
+
+/// A lookup that is missing, `null` or a number is no table at all: the image is not drawn (the
+/// page stays white), and the warning is reported.
+#[test]
+fn a_missing_lookup_skips_the_image() {
+    for lookup in ["", "null", "42"] {
+        assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 {lookup}]"), &[], [WHITE; 8], true);
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_lookup_stream_is_measured_after_decoding() {
+    let short: &[u8] = b"<< /Length 14 /Filter /ASCIIHexDecode >>\nstream\nFF0000 00FF00>\nendstream";
+    assert_page("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 6 0 R]", &[short], padded(2), true);
+    let mut want = [COLOURS[1]; 8];
+    want[0] = COLOURS[0];
+    assert_page("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 1 6 0 R]", &[short], want, false);
+    // An empty stream decodes to an empty table, which holds no entry.
+    let empty: &[u8] = b"<< /Length 0 >>\nstream\n\nendstream";
+    assert_page("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 1 6 0 R]", &[empty], padded(0), true);
+}
+
+/// A stream that does not decode is no table: the image is not drawn, and is reported.
+#[test]
+fn a_lookup_stream_that_cannot_be_decoded_skips_the_image() {
+    for broken in [
+        &b"<< /Length 12 /Filter /FlateDecode >>\nstream\nnot deflated\nendstream"[..],
+        b"<< /Length 6 /Filter /FlateDecode >>\nstream\nnot-zl\nendstream",
+    ] {
+        assert_page("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 6 0 R]", &[broken], [WHITE; 8], true);
+    }
+}
+
+/// An Indexed space whose base cannot be read keeps the upstream handling (DeviceGray), whatever
+/// its `hival`; only a `hival` with no reading is reported.
+#[test]
+fn an_unreadable_base_keeps_its_fallback() {
+    for (hival, warned) in [("1", false), ("300", false), ("-1", true)] {
+        assert_page(&format!("[/Indexed /NoSuchSpace {hival} <{TABLE}>]"), &[], grey_fallback(), warned);
+    }
+}
+
+/// A fill or stroke colour set in such a space (`cs`, `sc`, `CS`, `SC`) draws through the same
+/// recovered table, and the recovery is reported as `ColourFallback`, as the upstream DeviceGray
+/// fallback was.
+#[test]
+fn a_fill_or_stroke_colour_in_a_short_table_is_recovered_and_reported() {
+    let fill = |index: u8| format!("/P cs {index} sc 0 0 200 200 re f");
+    let short = format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 <{}>]", entries(2));
+    let page = render(pdf(&short, &fill(1), &[]));
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page)[0], COLOURS[1], "entry 1 is green");
+    assert_eq!(page.warnings, vec![RenderWarning::ColourFallback]);
+    let page = render(pdf(&short, &fill(5), &[]));
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page)[0], BLACK, "entry 5 is past the table");
+    // Over DeviceCMYK too, where a zero entry would be white.
+    let cmyk = "[/Indexed /DeviceCMYK 7 <FF000000 00FF0000>]";
+    let page = render(pdf(cmyk, &fill(5), &[]));
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page)[0], BLACK, "DeviceCMYK entry 5 is past the table");
+    // A stroke colour (`CS`, `SC`) the same way.
+    let page = render(pdf(&short, "/P CS 1 SC 20 w 0 100 m 200 100 l S", &[]));
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page)[0], COLOURS[1], "the stroke is green");
+    assert_eq!(page.warnings, vec![RenderWarning::ColourFallback]);
+    let page = render(pdf(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 <{TABLE}>]"), &fill(1), &[]));
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page)[0], COLOURS[1]);
+    assert!(page.warnings.is_empty(), "{:?}", page.warnings);
+}
+
+/// A fill colour in an Indexed space with no lookup table keeps the upstream fallback: DeviceGray,
+/// reported as `ColourFallback` (tint 1 is white, over a red fill).
+#[test]
+fn a_fill_colour_in_a_space_with_no_table_keeps_the_fallback() {
+    for lookup in ["", "null"] {
+        let content = "1 0 0 rg 0 0 200 200 re f /P cs 1 sc 0 0 200 200 re f";
+        let page = render(pdf(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 {lookup}]"), content, &[]));
+        assert_eq!(columns(&page)[0], WHITE, "{lookup:?}: DeviceGray 1");
+        assert_eq!(page.warnings, vec![RenderWarning::ColourFallback], "{lookup:?}");
+        // A stroke colour the same way.
+        let content = "1 0 0 rg 0 0 200 200 re f /P CS 1 SC 20 w 0 100 m 200 100 l S";
+        let page = render(pdf(&format!("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 7 {lookup}]"), content, &[]));
+        assert_eq!(columns(&page)[0], WHITE, "{lookup:?}: a DeviceGray 1 stroke");
+        assert_eq!(page.warnings, vec![RenderWarning::ColourFallback], "{lookup:?}");
+    }
+}
+
+/// Only images and the colour operators handle a space with no table: anything else reads it as
+/// upstream did, as a space that cannot be read. A shading in one is not drawn.
+#[test]
+fn a_shading_in_a_space_with_no_table_is_not_drawn() {
+    let shading = |cs: &str| {
+        format!(
+            "/Shading << /Sh << /ShadingType 2 /ColorSpace {cs} /Coords [0 0 200 0] \
+             /Function << /FunctionType 2 /Domain [0 1] /C0 [0] /C1 [1] /N 1 >> /Extend [true true] >> >>"
+        )
+    };
+    let page = render(pdf_with_resources("P", "/DeviceRGB", &shading("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 1 null]"), "/Sh sh", &[]));
+    assert_eq!(columns(&page), [WHITE; 8]);
+    // The same shading with a table draws.
+    let page = render(pdf_with_resources("P", "/DeviceRGB", &shading("[/Indexed /DeviceRGB 1 <FF0000 00FF00>]"), "/Sh sh", &[]));
+    assert_ne!(columns(&page), [WHITE; 8]);
+}
diff --git a/crates/render/tests/it/main.rs b/crates/render/tests/it/main.rs
index 1a50693fb2..1cd3e43910 100644
--- a/crates/render/tests/it/main.rs
+++ b/crates/render/tests/it/main.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 
 mod cid_cff_unusable_font_dict;
 mod cid_fallback_query;
+mod euro_width;
 mod fill_stroke_knockout;
+mod indexed_lookup;
 mod inline_image_ei;
 mod jbig2_invariants;
 mod knockout_backdrop;
@@ -15,9 +17,12 @@ mod search;
 mod separation_all;
 mod stray_q_in_a_form;
 mod stroke_degenerate_cubic;
+mod stroke_geometry;
 mod stroke_zero_end_tangent;
 mod substitute_widths;
+mod symbol_dingbats_width;
 mod symbol_mt_builtin_encoding;
 mod tiling_cell_placement;
 mod type3_text_clip;
 mod widgets_above_annotations;
+mod zero_area_fill_clip;
diff --git a/crates/render/tests/it/search.rs b/crates/render/tests/it/search.rs
index d78b18087a..20e419764a 100644
--- a/crates/render/tests/it/search.rs
+++ b/crates/render/tests/it/search.rs
@@ -88,68 +88,172 @@ const UNSPACED_BLOCK_SAMPLES: &[(char, bool, &str)] = &[
     ('\u{323AF}', true, "CJK Unified Ideographs Extension H (31350..323AF), last"),
 ];
 
-// The original straightforward search is an independent oracle for valid page metadata.
+// The original straightforward search is an independent oracle for valid page metadata, extended
+// with ligature letters and the three readings of a line-end hyphen between letters: as written,
+// joined (no hyphen, no break) and kept (hyphen, no break).
 fn reference(page: &PageText, query: &str, sensitive: bool, whole: bool, limit: usize) -> Vec<Range<usize>> {
-    let fold = |s: &str| if sensitive { s.to_owned() } else { fold_case(s) };
+    let letters = |s: &str| {
+        s.replace('\u{FB00}', "ff")
+            .replace('\u{FB01}', "fi")
+            .replace('\u{FB02}', "fl")
+            .replace('\u{FB03}', "ffi")
+            .replace('\u{FB04}', "ffl")
+            .replace(['\u{FB05}', '\u{FB06}'], "st")
+    };
+    let fold = |s: &str| if sensitive { letters(s) } else { fold_case(&letters(s)) };
     // Soft hyphens and zero width characters draw nothing and are skipped on both sides.
-    let visible =
-        |s: String| s.chars().filter(|c| !matches!(c, '\u{AD}' | '\u{200B}' | '\u{200C}' | '\u{200D}' | '\u{2060}' | '\u{FEFF}')).collect::<String>();
+    let invisible = |c: char| matches!(c, '\u{AD}' | '\u{200B}' | '\u{200C}' | '\u{200D}' | '\u{2060}' | '\u{FEFF}');
+    let visible = |s: String| s.chars().filter(|&c| !invisible(c)).collect::<String>();
     let needle: Vec<char> = visible(fold(query)).split_whitespace().collect::<Vec<_>>().join(" ").chars().collect();
     if needle.is_empty() || limit == 0 {
         return Vec::new();
     }
-    // Each character, its glyph, and whether a skipped zero width space came right before it.
-    let mut chars: Vec<(char, usize, bool)> = Vec::new();
-    let mut after_zwsp = false;
-    for (i, glyph) in page.glyphs.iter().enumerate() {
-        // A line that ends in a soft hyphen, past any empty or other invisible glyphs and
-        // characters after it on that line, runs on to the next.
-        let ends_in_soft_hyphen = |end: usize| {
-            (0..=end)
-                .rev()
-                .take_while(|&k| page.line_of[k] == page.line_of[end])
-                .flat_map(|k| page.glyphs[k].text.chars().rev())
-                .find(|&c| c == '\u{AD}' || !visible(c.to_string()).is_empty())
-                == Some('\u{AD}')
-        };
-        let line_break = i > 0 && page.line_of[i] != page.line_of[i - 1] && !ends_in_soft_hyphen(i - 1);
-        if i > 0 && (page.space_before[i] || line_break) && chars.last().is_some_and(|&(c, ..)| c != ' ') {
-            chars.push((' ', i, false));
-            after_zwsp = false;
-        }
-        for c in fold(&glyph.text).chars() {
-            after_zwsp |= c == '\u{200B}';
-            if visible(c.to_string()).is_empty() {
-                continue;
-            }
-            let c = if c.is_whitespace() { ' ' } else { c };
-            if c != ' ' || chars.last().is_none_or(|&(last, ..)| last != ' ') {
-                chars.push((c, i, after_zwsp && c != ' '));
+    let texts: Vec<String> = page.glyphs.iter().map(|g| fold(&g.text)).collect();
+    let n = texts.len();
+    let new_line = |i: usize| i > 0 && page.line_of[i] != page.line_of[i - 1];
+    // A line that ends in a soft hyphen, past any empty or other invisible glyphs and characters
+    // after it on that line, runs on to the next.
+    let ends_in_soft_hyphen = |end: usize| {
+        (0..=end)
+            .rev()
+            .take_while(|&k| page.line_of[k] == page.line_of[end])
+            .flat_map(|k| page.glyphs[k].text.chars().rev())
+            .find(|&c| c == '\u{AD}' || !invisible(c))
+            == Some('\u{AD}')
+    };
+    // A visible hyphen between letters at a line end.
+    let hyphen = |c: char| matches!(c, '-' | '\u{2010}');
+    let divided: Vec<bool> = (0..n)
+        .map(|i| {
+            let chars: Vec<char> = visible(texts[i].clone()).chars().collect();
+            let Some(&last) = chars.last() else { return false };
+            let before = if chars.len() >= 2 {
+                Some(chars[chars.len() - 2])
+            } else if i > 0 && !page.space_before[i] && !new_line(i) {
+                visible(texts[i - 1].clone()).chars().last()
+            } else {
+                None
+            };
+            hyphen(last)
+                && before.is_some_and(char::is_alphabetic)
+                && i + 1 < n
+                && new_line(i + 1)
+                && visible(texts[i + 1].clone()).chars().next().is_some_and(char::is_alphabetic)
+        })
+        .collect();
+    let mut all = Vec::new();
+    let readings = if divided.contains(&true) { 3 } else { 1 };
+    for reading in 0..readings {
+        // Each character, its glyph, and whether a skipped zero width space came right before it.
+        let mut chars: Vec<(char, usize, bool)> = Vec::new();
+        let mut after_zwsp = false;
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let joined = reading > 0 && i > 0 && divided[i - 1];
+            let line_break = new_line(i) && !ends_in_soft_hyphen(i - 1) && !joined;
+            if i > 0 && (page.space_before[i] || line_break) && chars.last().is_some_and(|&(c, ..)| c != ' ') {
+                chars.push((' ', i, false));
                 after_zwsp = false;
             }
-        }
-    }
-    // A neighbour bounds a word only in a script written with spaces between words, or when it
-    // is a digit.
-    let word = |i: Option<usize>| i.and_then(|i| chars.get(i)).is_some_and(|&(c, ..)| c.is_alphanumeric() && (c.is_numeric() || !unspaced(c)));
-    // A word ends at a skipped zero width space as it does at a space.
-    let edge = |i: usize| chars.get(i).is_some_and(|&(.., zwsp)| zwsp);
-    let mut hits = Vec::new();
-    let mut start = 0;
-    while start + needle.len() <= chars.len() {
-        let end = start + needle.len();
-        let bounded = (edge(start) || !word(start.checked_sub(1))) && (edge(end) || !word(Some(end)));
-        if (!whole || bounded) && chars[start..end].iter().map(|&(c, ..)| c).eq(needle.iter().copied()) {
-            hits.push(chars[start].1..chars[end - 1].1 + 1);
-            if hits.len() == limit {
-                break;
+            let mut glyph: Vec<char> = texts[i].chars().collect();
+            if reading == 1 && divided[i] {
+                // The hyphen: the last visible character.
+                if let Some(at) = glyph.iter().rposition(|&c| !invisible(c)) {
+                    glyph.remove(at);
+                }
             }
-            start = end;
-        } else {
-            start += 1;
+            for c in glyph {
+                after_zwsp |= c == '\u{200B}';
+                if invisible(c) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                let c = if c.is_whitespace() { ' ' } else { c };
+                if c != ' ' || chars.last().is_none_or(|&(last, ..)| last != ' ') {
+                    chars.push((c, i, after_zwsp && c != ' '));
+                    after_zwsp = false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // A neighbour bounds a word only in a script written with spaces between words, or when it
+        // is a digit.
+        let word = |i: Option<usize>| i.and_then(|i| chars.get(i)).is_some_and(|&(c, ..)| c.is_alphanumeric() && (c.is_numeric() || !unspaced(c)));
+        // A word ends at a skipped zero width space as it does at a space.
+        let edge = |i: usize| chars.get(i).is_some_and(|&(.., zwsp)| zwsp);
+        let mut hits = Vec::new();
+        let mut start = 0;
+        while start + needle.len() <= chars.len() {
+            let end = start + needle.len();
+            let bounded = (edge(start) || !word(start.checked_sub(1))) && (edge(end) || !word(Some(end)));
+            if (!whole || bounded) && chars[start..end].iter().map(|&(c, ..)| c).eq(needle.iter().copied()) {
+                hits.push(chars[start].1..chars[end - 1].1 + 1);
+                if hits.len() == limit {
+                    break;
+                }
+                start = end;
+            } else {
+                start += 1;
+            }
+        }
+        all.push(hits);
+    }
+    if readings == 1 {
+        return all.remove(0);
+    }
+    // A hit is left out where it overlaps one kept from another reading; one reading's hits are
+    // all kept, though two can share a glyph.
+    let mut hits: Vec<(Range<usize>, usize)> = all.into_iter().enumerate().flat_map(|(r, hits)| hits.into_iter().map(move |h| (h, r))).collect();
+    hits.sort_by_key(|(h, _)| (h.start, std::cmp::Reverse(h.end)));
+    let mut out: Vec<(Range<usize>, usize)> = Vec::new();
+    for (h, r) in hits {
+        let overlaps = out.iter().any(|(k, kr)| *kr != r && h.start < k.end && k.start < h.end);
+        if !overlaps && out.len() < limit {
+            out.push((h, r));
         }
     }
-    hits
+    out.into_iter().map(|(h, _)| h).collect()
+}
+
+/// One glyph per entry of `text`, each on the line given in `lines`.
+fn lined(text: &[&str], lines: &[u32]) -> PageText {
+    let mut p = page(text);
+    p.line_of = lines.to_vec();
+    p
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_ligature_matches_its_letters() {
+    let text = page(&["o", "\u{FB03}", "c", "e", " ", "o", "f", "\u{FB01}", "c", "e"]);
+    assert_eq!(text.find("office"), vec![0..4, 5..10]);
+    assert_eq!(text.find("OFFICE"), vec![0..4, 5..10]);
+    assert_eq!(text.find_opts("office", true, true), vec![0..4, 5..10], "case-sensitive and whole words too");
+    assert_eq!(text.find("o\u{FB03}ce"), vec![0..4, 5..10], "a ligature in the query reads as its letters too");
+    assert_eq!(text.find("fi"), vec![1..2, 7..8], "a match inside a ligature takes its glyph");
+    assert!(text.find("o\u{FB13}").is_empty(), "no other compatibility folding");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_word_divided_by_a_line_end_hyphen_matches_whole_and_as_written() {
+    // "exam-" ends line 0, "ple" starts line 1; the hyphen is its own glyph.
+    let text = lined(&["e", "x", "a", "m", "-", "p", "l", "e"], &[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1]);
+    assert_eq!(text.find("example"), vec![0..8], "both parts, and the hyphen between them");
+    assert_eq!(text.find_opts("example", false, true), vec![0..8], "a whole word");
+    assert_eq!(text.find("exam-ple"), vec![0..8], "a query with the hyphen");
+    assert_eq!(text.find("exam- ple"), vec![0..8], "and with the line break as a space");
+    assert_eq!(text.find("exam"), vec![0..4]);
+    // The hyphen in the glyph of the last letter, a soft hyphen and U+2010.
+    for hyphen in ["m-", "m\u{AD}", "m\u{2010}"] {
+        let text = lined(&["e", "x", "a", hyphen, "p", "l", "e"], &[0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1]);
+        assert_eq!(text.find("example"), vec![0..7], "{hyphen:?}");
+    }
+    // Not divided: a hyphen inside a line, a dash after a word gap, a hyphen between digits.
+    assert!(page(&["e", "x", "a", "m", "-", "p", "l", "e"]).find("example").is_empty(), "inside a line");
+    let mut spaced = lined(&["e", "x", "a", "m", "-", "p", "l", "e"], &[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1]);
+    spaced.space_before[4] = true;
+    assert!(spaced.find("example").is_empty(), "a dash after a word gap");
+    assert!(spaced.find("exam ple").is_empty(), "a dash after a word gap is never dropped");
+    assert!(lined(&["1", "0", "-", "2", "0"], &[0, 0, 0, 1, 1]).find("1020").is_empty(), "between digits");
+    assert!(lined(&["a", "-", "2", "0"], &[0, 0, 1, 1]).find("a20").is_empty(), "before a number");
+    assert!(lined(&["1", "0", "-", "a", "b"], &[0, 0, 0, 1, 1]).find("10ab").is_empty(), "after a number");
+    assert!(lined(&["a", "-"], &[0, 0]).find("a-").len() == 1, "at the end of the page");
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -171,6 +275,10 @@ fn whole_word_rejection_keeps_overlapping_candidates() {
     // Accepted matches still do not overlap, even within one multi-character glyph.
     assert_eq!(page(&["aaaaa"]).find("aaa"), vec![0..1]);
     assert_eq!(page(&["aaaaa"]).find("aa"), vec![0..1, 0..1]);
+    // So does a page with a word divided at a line end, which is searched in three readings.
+    let divided = lined(&["\u{FB03}", " ", "exam", "-", "ple"], &[0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+    assert_eq!(divided.find("f"), vec![0..1, 0..1]);
+    assert_eq!(divided.find("example"), vec![2..5]);
 }
 
 /// A letter from a block in `UNSPACED_BLOCK_SAMPLES` next to a whole-word match leaves it standing
@@ -191,6 +299,8 @@ fn whole_words_follow_the_unicode_blocks_of_unspaced_scripts() {
 #[test]
 fn search_matches_reference_for_unicode_gaps_limits_and_word_boundaries() {
     let alphabet = ["a", "b", " ", "-", "İ", "ı", "ς", "Σ", "\t", "\n", "ffi", "", "界", "ก", "한", "e\u{301}", "العربية", "\u{AD}", "a\u{200B}"];
+    // Ligatures, digits and HYPHEN exercise the readings of a line-end hyphen.
+    let alphabet: Vec<&str> = alphabet.into_iter().chain(["\u{FB01}", "1", "\u{2010}"]).collect();
     let mut seed = 1234567u64;
     let mut next = || {
         seed = seed.wrapping_mul(6364136223846793005).wrapping_add(1);
diff --git a/crates/render/tests/it/stroke_geometry.rs b/crates/render/tests/it/stroke_geometry.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b60a6ee4e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/render/tests/it/stroke_geometry.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+//! Stroke geometry the renderer gets from the graphics state: degenerate subpaths and their line
+//! caps (ISO 32000-2 §8.5.3.2), dash arrays that are all zero or otherwise invalid (§8.4.3.6) and
+//! line widths below zero (§8.4.3.2). Vendored hayro-interpret patch 61.
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use hayro::hayro_interpret::font::Glyph;
+use hayro::hayro_interpret::hayro_syntax::Pdf;
+use hayro::hayro_interpret::{
+    BlendMode, ClipPath, Context, Device, GlyphDrawMode, Image, InterpreterCache, InterpreterSettings, Paint, PathDrawMode, SoftMask, StrokeProps,
+    TransformExt, interpret_page,
+};
+use kurbo::{Affine, BezPath, Rect};
+use pdfcraft_render::{PageRenderer, RenderConfig, RenderRequest, RenderedPage, RequestKind};
+
+const WHITE: [u8; 4] = [255, 255, 255, 255];
+const BLUE: [u8; 4] = [0, 0, 255, 255];
+
+/// Renders `content` on a 40 × 40 pt page at 1 px per pt, with `gs1` as the ExtGState `/GS1`.
+fn render(content: &str, gs1: &str) -> RenderedPage {
+    let pdf = format!(
+        "%PDF-1.7
+1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >> endobj
+2 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >> endobj
+3 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 40 40] /Contents 4 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /GS1 {gs1} >> >> >> endobj
+4 0 obj << /Length {} >> stream
+{content}
+endstream endobj
+trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>
+%%EOF",
+        content.len()
+    );
+    let mut r = PageRenderer::new(Arc::new(pdf.into_bytes()), RenderConfig::default());
+    let page = r.render(RenderRequest { page: 0, kind: RequestKind::Pixels, tile: None, scale: 1.0, tag: 0, ..Default::default() });
+    assert!(page.error.is_none(), "{:?}", page.error);
+    assert_eq!((page.width, page.height), (40, 40));
+    page
+}
+
+/// The pixel at device (x, y), y down.
+fn px(page: &RenderedPage, x: usize, y: usize) -> [u8; 4] {
+    let i = (y * 40 + x) * 4;
+    let mut out = [0; 4];
+    out.copy_from_slice(&page.rgba[i..i + 4]);
+    out
+}
+
+/// How many pixels are not white.
+fn inked(page: &RenderedPage) -> usize {
+    page.rgba.as_chunks::<4>().0.iter().filter(|p| **p != WHITE).count()
+}
+
+/// §8.5.3.2: a degenerate subpath (a single-point closed path, or points that all coincide) is
+/// painted as a filled circle of the line width when the caps are round, and not at all with butt
+/// or projecting square caps. User-space point (20, 20) is device pixel (20, 20); a 10 pt round
+/// dot covers (20 ± 4, 20) and (20, 20 ± 4) but not the square's corner (24, 24).
+#[test]
+fn degenerate_subpaths_draw_a_round_dot_or_nothing() {
+    let round = [
+        ("m l to the same point", "0 0 1 RG 10 w 1 J 20 20 m 20 20 l S"),
+        ("m h, a single-point closed path", "0 0 1 RG 10 w 1 J 20 20 m h S"),
+        ("m h by s", "0 0 1 RG 10 w 1 J 20 20 m s"),
+        ("m c with every point the same", "0 0 1 RG 10 w 1 J 20 20 m 20 20 20 20 20 20 c S"),
+        ("m l l h at one point", "0 0 1 RG 10 w 1 J 20 20 m 20 20 l 20 20 l h S"),
+        ("a 0 × 0 re", "0 0 1 RG 10 w 1 J 20 20 0 0 re S"),
+    ];
+    for (what, content) in round {
+        let page = render(content, "<< >>");
+        for (x, y) in [(20, 20), (16, 20), (23, 20), (20, 16), (20, 23)] {
+            assert_eq!(px(&page, x, y), BLUE, "{what}, round caps: ({x}, {y}) is inside the dot");
+        }
+        assert_eq!(px(&page, 24, 24), WHITE, "{what}, round caps: the dot is round, not square");
+        assert_eq!(px(&page, 27, 20), WHITE, "{what}, round caps: the dot is the line width across");
+    }
+    for cap in ["0 J", "2 J"] {
+        for (what, content) in round {
+            let content = content.replace("1 J", cap);
+            assert_eq!(inked(&render(&content, "<< >>")), 0, "{what} with {cap}: nothing is painted");
+        }
+    }
+    // A single-point open subpath (a trailing m) paints nothing whatever the cap.
+    assert_eq!(inked(&render("0 0 1 RG 10 w 1 J 20 20 m S", "<< >>")), 0, "a lone m");
+}
+
+/// Only the degenerate subpaths of a path change: the line drawn with them keeps its caps, and a
+/// line whose ends differ by a hair is not degenerate.
+#[test]
+fn degenerate_subpaths_leave_the_rest_of_the_path_alone() {
+    // Projecting square caps: the line from x 10 to 30 at y 10 reaches x 7 and x 33; the
+    // degenerate subpath at (20, 30) is dropped.
+    let page = render("0 0 1 RG 6 w 2 J 10 30 m 30 30 l 20 10 m h S", "<< >>");
+    for x in [8, 20, 32] {
+        assert_eq!(px(&page, x, 10), BLUE, "({x}, 10) on the line with its square caps");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(px(&page, 20, 30), WHITE, "the degenerate subpath is dropped");
+    // Round caps: the degenerate subpath becomes a dot beside the line.
+    let page = render("0 0 1 RG 6 w 1 J 10 30 m 30 30 l 20 10 m h S", "<< >>");
+    assert_eq!(px(&page, 20, 10), BLUE, "the line");
+    assert_eq!(px(&page, 20, 30), BLUE, "the dot");
+    // A trailing open single-point subpath (`m` with nothing after it) paints nothing, and leaves
+    // the line before it as it is, with either cap.
+    let page = render("0 0 1 RG 6 w 2 J 10 30 m 30 30 l 20 10 m S", "<< >>");
+    for x in [8, 20, 32] {
+        assert_eq!(px(&page, x, 10), BLUE, "({x}, 10) on the line before a trailing m");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(px(&page, 20, 30), WHITE, "a trailing m with square caps paints nothing");
+    let page = render("0 0 1 RG 6 w 1 J 10 30 m 30 30 l 20 10 m S", "<< >>");
+    assert_eq!(px(&page, 20, 10), BLUE, "the line before a trailing m");
+    assert_eq!(px(&page, 20, 30), WHITE, "a trailing m with round caps paints no dot");
+    // `b` (close, fill and stroke) of a single point strokes the dot too.
+    let page = render("0 0 1 RG 1 0 0 rg 6 w 1 J 20 20 m b", "<< >>");
+    assert_eq!(px(&page, 20, 20), BLUE, "b of one point strokes a round dot");
+    // A curve back to its start through other control points is a loop, not a point.
+    let page = render("0 0 1 RG 2 w 2 J 20 10 m 35 35 5 35 20 10 c S", "<< >>");
+    assert!(inked(&page) > 20, "a curve that returns to its start is stroked");
+    // A hairline dot is still drawn, about a device pixel across.
+    let page = render("0 0 1 RG 0 w 1 J 20 20 m h S", "<< >>");
+    assert!((1..=9).contains(&inked(&page)), "a 0 w round dot: {} pixels", inked(&page));
+    // Not degenerate: the ends differ, so the square caps are drawn along the hairline segment.
+    let page = render("0 0 1 RG 10 w 2 J 20 20 m 20.01 20 l S", "<< >>");
+    assert_eq!(px(&page, 20, 20), BLUE, "a segment a hundredth of a point long is stroked with its caps");
+}
+
+/// `h` "terminates the current subpath. Appending another segment to the current path shall begin
+/// a new subpath, even if the new segment begins at the endpoint reached by the h operation"
+/// (ISO 32000-2 §8.5.2.1, Table 58). So a segment after `h` back to the point `h` reached is a
+/// degenerate subpath of its own: a round dot with round caps, nothing with the others. The closed
+/// line from x 10 to x 30 turns back on itself at x 10, where the miter join falls back to a bevel
+/// and paints nothing left of x 10; a 6 pt dot at (10, 20) reaches x 7.
+#[test]
+fn a_segment_after_h_begins_a_new_subpath() {
+    let page = render("0 0 1 RG 6 w 1 J 10 20 m 30 20 l h S", "<< >>");
+    assert_eq!(px(&page, 20, 20), BLUE, "the closed line");
+    assert_eq!(px(&page, 8, 20), WHITE, "a closed line has no cap at its start");
+    for (what, after) in [("l", "10 20 l"), ("c", "10 20 10 20 10 20 c"), ("v", "10 20 10 20 v"), ("y", "10 20 10 20 y")] {
+        let page = render(&format!("0 0 1 RG 6 w 1 J 10 20 m 30 20 l h {after} S"), "<< >>");
+        assert_eq!(px(&page, 20, 20), BLUE, "{what} after h: the closed line");
+        assert_eq!(px(&page, 8, 20), BLUE, "{what} after h, round caps: a dot at the point h reached");
+        for cap in ["0 J", "2 J"] {
+            let page = render(&format!("0 0 1 RG 6 w {cap} 10 20 m 30 20 l h {after} S"), "<< >>");
+            assert_eq!(px(&page, 20, 20), BLUE, "{what} after h with {cap}: the closed line");
+            assert_eq!(px(&page, 8, 20), WHITE, "{what} after h with {cap}: no dot");
+        }
+    }
+    // A segment after h that goes somewhere is an open subpath with caps of its own: with square
+    // caps the line from (10, 20) down to (10, 35) reaches y 38 (device row 2).
+    let page = render("0 0 1 RG 6 w 2 J 10 20 m 30 20 l h 10 35 l S", "<< >>");
+    assert_eq!(px(&page, 10, 3), BLUE, "the new subpath's projecting cap");
+}
+
+/// §8.4.3.6 asks for dash numbers that are nonnegative and not all zero, but not how to recover
+/// from others. They draw a solid line, as an empty dash array does; before, `[0 0]` was cut into
+/// hundredth-of-a-point dashes and came out a faint, half-covered line.
+#[test]
+fn all_zero_dash_arrays_draw_a_solid_line() {
+    for (what, content, gs1) in [
+        ("[0 0]", "0 0 1 RG 4 w [0 0] 0 d 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< >>"),
+        ("[0]", "0 0 1 RG 4 w [0] 0 d 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< >>"),
+        ("[0 0 0] with a phase", "0 0 1 RG 4 w [0 0 0] 3 d 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< >>"),
+        ("[0 0] from an ExtGState", "0 0 1 RG 4 w /GS1 gs 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< /D [[0 0] 0] >>"),
+        ("[0 -1], negative", "0 0 1 RG 4 w [0 -1] 0 d 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< >>"),
+        ("[3 -1] from an ExtGState", "0 0 1 RG 4 w /GS1 gs 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< /D [[3 -1] 0] >>"),
+    ] {
+        let page = render(content, gs1);
+        for x in 11..30 {
+            assert_eq!(px(&page, x, 20), BLUE, "{what}: ({x}, 20) is solid and opaque");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Patterns that are valid keep their dashes: `[0 12]` with round caps is a row of dots, `[4 4]`
+/// leaves gaps, an odd `[4]` repeats as `[4 4]`.
+#[test]
+fn valid_dash_patterns_still_dash() {
+    let page = render("0 0 1 RG 4 w 1 J [0 12] 0 d 4 20 m 36 20 l S", "<< >>");
+    for x in [4, 16, 28] {
+        assert_eq!(px(&page, x, 20), BLUE, "[0 12] round caps: a dot at x {x}");
+    }
+    for x in [10, 22, 34] {
+        assert_eq!(px(&page, x, 20), WHITE, "[0 12] round caps: a gap at x {x}");
+    }
+    for (what, content) in [("[4 4]", "0 0 1 RG 4 w [4 4] 0 d 0 20 m 40 20 l S"), ("[4]", "0 0 1 RG 4 w [4] 0 d 0 20 m 40 20 l S")] {
+        let page = render(content, "<< >>");
+        assert_eq!(px(&page, 2, 20), BLUE, "{what}: the first dash");
+        assert_eq!(px(&page, 6, 20), WHITE, "{what}: the first gap");
+        assert_eq!(px(&page, 10, 20), BLUE, "{what}: the second dash");
+    }
+}
+
+/// The stroke properties and paints every `draw_path` of `content` reaches a device with.
+fn strokes(content: &str, gs1: &str) -> Vec<(StrokeProps, Paint<'static>)> {
+    #[derive(Default)]
+    struct Strokes(Vec<(StrokeProps, Paint<'static>)>);
+    impl<'a> Device<'a> for Strokes {
+        fn set_soft_mask(&mut self, _: Option<SoftMask<'a>>) {}
+        fn set_blend_mode(&mut self, _: BlendMode) {}
+        fn draw_path(&mut self, _: &BezPath, _: Affine, paint: &Paint<'a>, mode: &PathDrawMode) {
+            if let (PathDrawMode::Stroke(props), Paint::Color(colour)) = (mode, paint) {
+                self.0.push((props.clone(), Paint::Color(colour.clone())));
+            }
+        }
+        fn push_clip_path(&mut self, _: &ClipPath) {}
+        fn push_transparency_group(&mut self, _: f32, _: Option<SoftMask<'a>>, _: BlendMode) {}
+        fn draw_glyph(&mut self, _: &Glyph<'a>, _: Affine, _: Affine, _: &Paint<'a>, _: &GlyphDrawMode) {}
+        fn draw_image(&mut self, _: Image<'a, '_>, _: Affine) {}
+        fn pop_clip_path(&mut self) {}
+        fn pop_transparency_group(&mut self) {}
+    }
+    let pdf = format!(
+        "%PDF-1.7
+1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >> endobj
+2 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >> endobj
+3 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 40 40] /Contents 4 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /GS1 {gs1} >> >> >> endobj
+4 0 obj << /Length {} >> stream
+{content}
+endstream endobj
+trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>
+%%EOF",
+        content.len()
+    );
+    let parsed = Pdf::new(Arc::new(pdf.into_bytes())).expect("parses");
+    let page = &parsed.pages()[0];
+    let cache = InterpreterCache::new();
+    let mut ctx =
+        Context::new(page.initial_transform(true).to_kurbo(), Rect::new(0.0, 0.0, 40.0, 40.0), &cache, page.xref(), InterpreterSettings::default());
+    let mut device = Strokes::default();
+    interpret_page(page, &mut ctx, &mut device);
+    device.0
+}
+
+/// §8.4.3.2: a line width of 0 is the thinnest line the device can draw. A negative or
+/// non-finite one is invalid and kept as 0, so no device sees a width below zero; the stroke
+/// keeps the current stroke colour.
+#[test]
+fn negative_line_widths_reach_a_device_as_zero() {
+    for (what, content, gs1, width) in [
+        ("-6 w", "0 0 1 RG -6 w 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< >>", 0.0),
+        ("/LW -6", "0 0 1 RG /GS1 gs 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< /LW -6 >>", 0.0),
+        ("/LW 1e40, beyond f32", "0 0 1 RG /GS1 gs 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< /LW 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000 >>", 0.0),
+        ("2.5 w", "0 0 1 RG 2.5 w 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< >>", 2.5),
+        ("0 w", "0 0 1 RG 0 w 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< >>", 0.0),
+    ] {
+        let seen = strokes(content, gs1);
+        assert_eq!(seen.len(), 1, "{what}: one stroke");
+        let (props, paint) = &seen[0];
+        assert_eq!(props.line_width, width, "{what}: line width");
+        let Paint::Color(colour) = paint else { unreachable!() };
+        assert_eq!(colour.to_rgba().to_rgba8(), [0, 0, 255, 255], "{what}: the stroke colour");
+    }
+}
+
+/// The dash array a device is given: `[]` (solid) for one that is all zero or has a negative or
+/// non-finite entry, from `d` or from `/D`; a valid one keeps its entries, a zero entry turned
+/// into a hundredth of a point, as before.
+#[test]
+fn invalid_dash_arrays_reach_a_device_as_solid() {
+    let line = "10 20 m 30 20 l S";
+    for (what, setup, gs1, dashes) in [
+        ("[0 0]", "[0 0] 0 d", "<< >>", &[][..]),
+        ("[0]", "[0] 0 d", "<< >>", &[]),
+        ("[0 0 0] with a phase", "[0 0 0] 4 d", "<< >>", &[]),
+        ("/D [[0 0] 0]", "/GS1 gs", "<< /D [[0 0] 0] >>", &[]),
+        ("[3 -1]", "[3 -1] 0 d", "<< >>", &[]),
+        ("/D [[0 -1] 0]", "/GS1 gs", "<< /D [[0 -1] 0] >>", &[]),
+        ("[3 1e40], beyond f32", "[3 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000] 0 d", "<< >>", &[]),
+        ("[]", "[] 0 d", "<< >>", &[]),
+        ("[0 12]", "[0 12] 0 d", "<< >>", &[0.01, 12.0]),
+        ("/D [[0 12] 0]", "/GS1 gs", "<< /D [[0 12] 0] >>", &[0.01, 12.0]),
+        ("[20 10]", "[20 10] 5 d", "<< >>", &[20.0, 10.0]),
+        ("[10]", "[10] 0 d", "<< >>", &[10.0]),
+    ] {
+        let seen = strokes(&format!("{setup} {line}"), gs1);
+        assert_eq!(seen.len(), 1, "{what}: one stroke");
+        assert_eq!(seen[0].0.dash_array.as_slice(), dashes, "{what}");
+    }
+}
+
+/// The renderer already drew a negative width as its thinnest line (it widens anything under a
+/// device pixel); that stays so, in the stroke colour.
+#[test]
+fn negative_line_widths_draw_the_thinnest_line_in_the_stroke_colour() {
+    for (what, content, gs1, reference) in [
+        ("-6 w", "0 0 1 RG -6 w 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< >>", "0 0 1 RG 0 w 10 20 m 30 20 l S"),
+        ("/LW -6", "0 0 1 RG /GS1 gs 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< /LW -6 >>", "0 0 1 RG 0 w 10 20 m 30 20 l S"),
+        ("-6 w with round caps", "0 0 1 RG 1 J -6 w 10 20 m 30 20 l S", "<< >>", "0 0 1 RG 1 J 0 w 10 20 m 30 20 l S"),
+    ] {
+        let hairline = render(reference, "<< >>");
+        let page = render(content, gs1);
+        assert!(page.rgba[..] == hairline.rgba[..], "{what}: drawn as 0 w");
+        let ink: Vec<[u8; 4]> = page.rgba.as_chunks::<4>().0.iter().filter(|p| **p != WHITE).copied().collect();
+        assert!(!ink.is_empty(), "{what}: the line is drawn");
+        assert!(ink.iter().all(|p| p[2] == 255 && p[0] == p[1]), "{what}: every inked pixel is a tint of the blue stroke colour: {ink:?}");
+        assert!(ink.len() <= 2 * 22, "{what}: about one pixel thick, {} pixels inked", ink.len());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/render/tests/it/symbol_dingbats_width.rs b/crates/render/tests/it/symbol_dingbats_width.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8b79dc3604
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/render/tests/it/symbol_dingbats_width.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+//! Symbol and ZapfDingbats named without `/Widths` or `/Encoding` draw each glyph within the
+//! advance their standard metrics give (ISO 32000-2 §9.6.2.2, Annex D.5 and D.6), through their
+//! bundled stand-ins as the text fonts do: the next glyph starts one standard advance on, and the
+//! glyph's ink stays inside that advance. ZapfDingbats `4` (a20, the check mark) is what a check
+//! box's `/MK /CA` caption draws.
+
+use crate::euro_width::{SIZE, ink_runs_in};
+use pdfcraft_fonts::Std14;
+
+/// The page's left margin, where the text starts, in pixels.
+const ORIGIN: f64 = 20.0;
+
+/// `codes` as a PDF literal string body, every byte octal-escaped.
+fn literal(codes: &[u8]) -> String {
+    codes.iter().map(|c| format!("\\{c:03o}")).collect()
+}
+
+/// For each `(code, glyph)` of `font` (`name`): drawn alone, the glyph's ink lies within its
+/// standard advance (one pixel of rounding either side, as for the Euro), and drawn before
+/// `follower`, the follower's ink starts one standard advance later than when drawn alone.
+fn fits(name: &str, font: Std14, follower: u8, glyphs: &[(u8, &str)]) {
+    let [(follower_alone, _), ..] = ink_runs_in(name, None, &literal(&[follower]))[..] else { panic!("{name}: the follower draws") };
+    for &(code, glyph) in glyphs {
+        let advance = font.advance(code, SIZE);
+        assert!(advance > 0.0, "{name} {glyph}: a standard width");
+        let alone = ink_runs_in(name, None, &literal(&[code]));
+        let (Some(&(start, _)), Some(&(_, end))) = (alone.first(), alone.last()) else { panic!("{name} {glyph}: no ink") };
+        assert!(f64::from(start) >= ORIGIN - 1.0, "{name} {glyph}: ink starts at its origin or after: {alone:?}");
+        assert!(f64::from(end) + 1.0 <= ORIGIN + advance + 1.0, "{name} {glyph}: ink ends within {advance} px: {alone:?}");
+        // The glyph is fitted, not squeezed: its ink fills most of the advance, as each of these does.
+        assert!(f64::from(end - start + 1) >= 0.7 * advance, "{name} {glyph}: ink spans most of {advance} px: {alone:?}");
+
+        let pair = ink_runs_in(name, None, &literal(&[code, follower]));
+        let Some(&(next, _)) = pair.last() else { panic!("{name} {glyph}: no ink") };
+        assert!(pair.len() > alone.len(), "{name} {glyph}: the follower stands apart: {pair:?}");
+        assert!(
+            (f64::from(next) - f64::from(follower_alone) - advance).abs() <= 1.0,
+            "{name} {glyph}: the follower starts {advance} px on: {pair:?}"
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+/// Symbol's Greek letters and signs by their built-in codes (Annex D.5).
+#[test]
+fn symbol_glyphs_keep_their_standard_advances() {
+    let glyphs = [
+        (0x61, "alpha"),
+        (0x62, "beta"),
+        (0x70, "pi"),
+        (0x53, "Sigma"),
+        (0x57, "Omega"),
+        (0x44, "Delta"),
+        (0xA5, "infinity"),
+        (0xB7, "bullet"),
+        (0x2B, "plus"),
+    ];
+    fits("Symbol", Std14::Symbol, 0x53, &glyphs);
+}
+
+/// ZapfDingbats' check marks, crosses, dot, square, diamond and star by their built-in codes
+/// (Annex D.6), the check box caption `4` among them.
+#[test]
+fn zapf_dingbats_glyphs_keep_their_standard_advances() {
+    let glyphs = [
+        (0x34, "a20 check"),
+        (0x33, "a19 light check"),
+        (0x37, "a23 ballot x"),
+        (0x38, "a24 heavy ballot x"),
+        (0x6C, "a71 dot"),
+        (0x6E, "a73 square"),
+        (0x75, "a77 diamond"),
+        (0x48, "a28 star"),
+    ];
+    fits("ZapfDingbats", Std14::ZapfDingbats, 0x6E, &glyphs);
+}
diff --git a/crates/render/tests/it/zero_area_fill_clip.rs b/crates/render/tests/it/zero_area_fill_clip.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b3ca3aa322
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/render/tests/it/zero_area_fill_clip.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+//! Zero-area fills and clips mark the pixels they touch (ISO 32000-2 §10.7.4: "A zero-width or
+//! zero-height rectangle paints a line 1 pixel wide", and "the clipping region consists of the
+//! set of pixels that would be included by a fill operation").
+//!
+//! Which row (or column) a line on a pixel boundary marks is not left open. §10.7.4, "Scan
+//! conversion rules", in device space:
+//!
+//! > Pixel boundaries always fall on integer coordinates in device space. A pixel is a square
+//! > region identified by the location of its corner with minimum horizontal and vertical
+//! > coordinates. The region is half-open, meaning that it includes its lower but not its upper
+//! > boundaries. More precisely, for any point whose real-number coordinates are (x, y), let
+//! > i = floor(x) and j = floor(y). The pixel that contains this point is the one identified as
+//! > (i, j).
+//!
+//! > Like pixels, shapes to be painted by filling (8.5.3.3, "Filling") and stroking (8.5.3.2,
+//! > "Stroking") operations are also treated as half-open regions that include the boundaries
+//! > along their "floor" sides, but not along their "ceiling" sides.
+//!
+//! > A shape shall be scan-converted by painting any pixel whose half-open square region
+//! > intersects the shape, no matter how small the intersection is.
+//!
+//! So a line at device y = 150 lies in pixel row floor(150) = 150 and not in row 149, whose
+//! region stops short of 150; a line from device x = 10 to x = 110 marks columns 10 to 109, as
+//! its ceiling end at 110 is not part of it. Off a boundary, a line at y = 149.5 marks row
+//! floor(149.5) = 149. The rule is stated in device space, whose y axis here points down the
+//! page, so row 150 is the one just below the line as the page is seen.
+//!
+//! Every page is 200 × 200 pt rendered at scale 1, so user `(x, y)` lands on device
+//! `(x, 200 - y)`: a line at user `y = 50` lies on the boundary between device rows 149 and
+//! 150, and by the half-open rule marks row 150.
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use pdfcraft_render::{PageRenderer, RenderConfig, RenderRequest, RequestKind};
+
+const SIZE: u32 = 200;
+
+fn build_pdf(content: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let objs = [
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>".to_owned(),
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>".to_owned(),
+        format!("<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 {SIZE} {SIZE}] /Contents 4 0 R >>"),
+        format!("<< /Length {} >>\nstream\n{content}\nendstream", content.len()),
+    ];
+    let mut out = b"%PDF-1.7\n".to_vec();
+    let mut offs = Vec::with_capacity(objs.len());
+    for (i, body) in objs.iter().enumerate() {
+        offs.push(out.len());
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{} 0 obj\n{body}\nendobj\n", i + 1).as_bytes());
+    }
+    let xref = out.len();
+    let size = objs.len() + 1;
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("xref\n0 {size}\n0000000000 65535 f \n").as_bytes());
+    for off in offs {
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{off:010} 00000 n \n").as_bytes());
+    }
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("trailer\n<< /Size {size} /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{xref}\n%%EOF\n").as_bytes());
+    out
+}
+
+/// The page drawn by `content`, as RGBA rows of `SIZE` pixels.
+fn render(content: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let pdf = Arc::new(build_pdf(content));
+    let mut renderer = PageRenderer::new(pdf, RenderConfig::default());
+    let page = renderer.render(RenderRequest { page: 0, kind: RequestKind::Pixels, tile: None, scale: 1.0, tag: 0, preview: false });
+    assert!(page.error.is_none(), "render error: {:?}", page.error);
+    assert_eq!((page.width, page.height), (SIZE, SIZE));
+    page.rgba.to_vec()
+}
+
+fn px(rgba: &[u8], x: u32, y: u32) -> [u8; 3] {
+    let i = ((y * SIZE + x) * 4) as usize;
+    [rgba[i], rgba[i + 1], rgba[i + 2]]
+}
+
+fn is_red(p: [u8; 3]) -> bool {
+    p[0] > 240 && p[1] < 15 && p[2] < 15
+}
+
+fn is_white(p: [u8; 3]) -> bool {
+    p.iter().all(|&c| c > 250)
+}
+
+/// The red pixels of the page, as `(x, y)`.
+fn red_pixels(rgba: &[u8]) -> Vec<(u32, u32)> {
+    let mut red = Vec::new();
+    for y in 0..SIZE {
+        for x in 0..SIZE {
+            if is_red(px(rgba, x, y)) {
+                red.push((x, y));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    red
+}
+
+/// The pixels that are neither white nor full red: partly covered ones.
+fn tinted_pixels(rgba: &[u8]) -> usize {
+    let mut n = 0;
+    for y in 0..SIZE {
+        for x in 0..SIZE {
+            let p = px(rgba, x, y);
+            if !is_red(p) && !is_white(p) {
+                n += 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    n
+}
+
+/// Asserts the page is exactly a full-red run of device pixels `x0..x1` × `y0..y1` on white.
+fn assert_only_red_run(rgba: &[u8], (x0, x1): (u32, u32), (y0, y1): (u32, u32), what: &str) {
+    let mut expected = Vec::new();
+    for y in y0..y1 {
+        for x in x0..x1 {
+            expected.push((x, y));
+        }
+    }
+    assert_eq!(red_pixels(rgba), expected, "{what}: the red pixels");
+    assert_eq!(tinted_pixels(rgba), 0, "{what}: partly covered pixels");
+}
+
+const FLOOD: &str = "1 0 0 rg 0 0 200 200 re f";
+/// A fill that covers the whole page under any of the CTMs below.
+const BIG_FLOOD: &str = "1 0 0 rg -400 -400 800 800 re f";
+
+#[test]
+fn zero_height_clip_shows_the_fill_as_one_device_row() {
+    // User y = 50 is device y = 150, a pixel boundary: row 150 and nothing else.
+    let rgba = render(&format!("q 10 50 100 0 re W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    assert_only_red_run(&rgba, (10, 110), (150, 151), "clip on a pixel boundary");
+    // Off the boundary (device y = 149.5) the line marks the row it runs through.
+    let rgba = render(&format!("q 10 50.5 100 0 re W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    assert_only_red_run(&rgba, (10, 110), (149, 150), "clip inside a row");
+    // Inside a translated CTM, as the line is usually drawn.
+    let rgba = render(&format!("q 1 0 0 1 20 30 cm 10 10 100 0 re W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    assert_only_red_run(&rgba, (30, 130), (160, 161), "clip under a translation");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn zero_width_clip_shows_the_fill_as_one_device_column() {
+    let rgba = render(&format!("q 50 10 0 100 re W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    assert_only_red_run(&rgba, (50, 51), (90, 190), "zero-width clip");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn zero_height_and_zero_width_fills_paint_one_pixel_lines() {
+    let rgba = render("1 0 0 rg 10 50 100 0 re f");
+    assert_only_red_run(&rgba, (10, 110), (150, 151), "zero-height fill");
+    let rgba = render("1 0 0 rg 50 10 0 100 re f");
+    assert_only_red_run(&rgba, (50, 51), (90, 190), "zero-width fill");
+    // The same line drawn as a fill and seen through a clip marks the same pixels.
+    let fill = render("1 0 0 rg 10 50.5 100 0 re f");
+    let clip = render(&format!("q 10 50.5 100 0 re W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    assert_eq!(red_pixels(&fill), red_pixels(&clip));
+}
+
+/// Each of the four cases (zero-height and zero-width, fill and clip) on a pixel boundary and
+/// off one, by the half-open rule quoted above: a line on a boundary marks the row or column on
+/// its floor side, one off it marks the row or column it runs through, and its ends mark every
+/// pixel they reach into but not one they only meet at the ceiling side.
+#[test]
+fn zero_height_and_zero_width_fills_and_clips_on_and_off_a_pixel_boundary() {
+    let cases = [
+        // (the line, its device columns, its device rows, what)
+        ("10 50 100 0 re", (10, 110), (150, 151), "zero-height on a boundary"),
+        ("10 50.5 100 0 re", (10, 110), (149, 150), "zero-height off a boundary"),
+        ("10.5 50.5 99 0 re", (10, 110), (149, 150), "zero-height, ends inside pixels"),
+        ("50 10 0 100 re", (50, 51), (90, 190), "zero-width on a boundary"),
+        ("50.5 10 0 100 re", (50, 51), (90, 190), "zero-width off a boundary"),
+        ("50.5 10.5 0 99 re", (50, 51), (90, 190), "zero-width, ends inside pixels"),
+    ];
+    for (line, columns, rows, what) in cases {
+        let fill = render(&format!("1 0 0 rg {line} f"));
+        assert_only_red_run(&fill, columns, rows, &format!("{what}: fill"));
+        let clip = render(&format!("q {line} W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+        assert_only_red_run(&clip, columns, rows, &format!("{what}: clip"));
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_quarter_turn_maps_a_zero_height_clip_to_one_device_column() {
+    // `0 1 -1 0 100 20 cm` turns user x into device -y: the line runs up column 100.
+    let rgba = render(&format!("q 0 1 -1 0 100 20 cm 10 0 100 0 re W n {BIG_FLOOD} Q"));
+    assert_only_red_run(&rgba, (100, 101), (70, 170), "quarter-turned clip");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_rotated_zero_height_clip_and_fill_show_a_one_pixel_band() {
+    // 45 degrees: the line runs diagonally, so it shows as a band about one pixel wide.
+    let clip = render(&format!("q 0.70710678 0.70710678 -0.70710678 0.70710678 50 50 cm 0 0 100 0 re W n {BIG_FLOOD} Q"));
+    let fill = render("q 0.70710678 0.70710678 -0.70710678 0.70710678 50 50 cm 1 0 0 rg 0 0 100 0 re f Q");
+    for (rgba, what) in [(&clip, "clip"), (&fill, "fill")] {
+        // Along the diagonal from device (50, 150) to (120.7, 79.3), the pixel the line crosses
+        // corner to corner in each column is mostly red, and the pixels well off it are white.
+        for step in 5..65 {
+            let (x, y) = (50 + step, 149 - step);
+            let p = px(rgba, x, y);
+            assert!(p[0] > 240 && p[1] < 160, "{what}: pixel ({x}, {y}) on the line is {p:?}");
+            assert!(is_white(px(rgba, x + 3, y)), "{what}: pixel off the line");
+            assert!(is_white(px(rgba, x - 3, y)), "{what}: pixel off the line");
+        }
+        // The band is one pixel wide: its ink adds up to its length, 100 pixels.
+        let ink: f64 = rgba.as_chunks::<4>().0.iter().map(|p| 1.0 - f64::from(p[1]) / 255.0).sum();
+        assert!((90.0..=110.0).contains(&ink), "{what}: ink {ink}");
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_thin_rectangle_with_area_keeps_its_partial_coverage() {
+    // 0.3 pt high is not degenerate: it covers 30 % of device row 149 and is antialiased as
+    // before, not widened to a whole pixel.
+    let rgba = render("1 0 0 rg 10 50.2 100 0.3 re f");
+    assert!(red_pixels(&rgba).is_empty(), "a 0.3 pt rectangle is not painted solid");
+    for x in 10..110 {
+        let p = px(&rgba, x, 149);
+        assert!(p[0] > 240, "row 149 at {x}: {p:?}");
+        assert!((150..=210).contains(&p[1]), "row 149 at {x} is 30 % covered: {p:?}");
+        assert!(is_white(px(&rgba, x, 148)) && is_white(px(&rgba, x, 150)));
+    }
+    // The same rectangle as a clip keeps the same partial coverage.
+    let clip = render(&format!("q 10 50.2 100 0.3 re W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    assert_eq!(clip, rgba);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_zero_area_clip_with_nothing_painted_on_it_stays_blank() {
+    // The fill misses the line the clip keeps.
+    let rgba = render("q 10 50 100 0 re W n 1 0 0 rg 0 100 200 100 re f Q");
+    assert!(rgba.as_chunks::<4>().0.iter().all(|p| is_white([p[0], p[1], p[2]])), "page not blank");
+    // Nothing painted at all.
+    let rgba = render("q 10 50 100 0 re W n Q");
+    assert!(rgba.as_chunks::<4>().0.iter().all(|p| is_white([p[0], p[1], p[2]])), "page not blank");
+    // A clip that is a point keeps nothing, as before.
+    let rgba = render(&format!("q 10 50 0 0 re W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    assert!(red_pixels(&rgba).is_empty() && tinted_pixels(&rgba) == 0, "a point clip shows the fill");
+    // So does a point a little off zero both ways.
+    let rgba = render(&format!("q 10 50 0.001 0.001 re W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    assert!(red_pixels(&rgba).is_empty() && tinted_pixels(&rgba) == 0, "a tiny clip shows the fill");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn the_clip_is_restored_after_q() {
+    let rgba = render(&format!("q 10 50 100 0 re W n Q {FLOOD}"));
+    assert_eq!(red_pixels(&rgba).len(), (SIZE * SIZE) as usize);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_thin_rectangle_scaled_up_to_whole_pixels_keeps_its_area() {
+    // 1/1024 pt high is under the rasteriser's "nearly zero" threshold, but the rectangle has
+    // area: scaled 4096 times vertically it covers device y 164..168, four whole rows, and is
+    // painted as the rectangle it is, not as a line across its bounding box.
+    let fill = render("q 1 0 0 4096 0 0 cm 1 0 0 rg 10 0.0078125 100 0.0009765625 re f Q");
+    assert_only_red_run(&fill, (10, 110), (164, 168), "scaled-up thin fill");
+    let clip = render(&format!("q 1 0 0 4096 0 0 cm 10 0.0078125 100 0.0009765625 re W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    assert_only_red_run(&clip, (10, 110), (164, 168), "scaled-up thin clip");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn a_slanted_zero_height_line_crossing_a_row_marks_each_row_only_where_it_runs() {
+    // A slight skew lifts the line from device y 149.52 at x = 10 to 148.74 at x = 110: under a
+    // pixel high in all, but crossing the boundary between rows 148 and 149 near x = 75. Each
+    // row is marked where the line runs through it, not along the whole length.
+    let skew = "1 0.008 0 1 0 0 cm";
+    let fill = render(&format!("q {skew} 1 0 0 rg 10 50.4 100 0 re f Q"));
+    let clip = render(&format!("q {skew} 10 50.4 100 0 re W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    for (rgba, what) in [(&fill, "fill"), (&clip, "clip")] {
+        for x in [12, 15, 20] {
+            assert!(px(rgba, x, 149)[1] < 128, "{what}: ({x}, 149) on the line is {:?}", px(rgba, x, 149));
+            assert!(px(rgba, x, 148)[1] > 128, "{what}: ({x}, 148) off the line is {:?}", px(rgba, x, 148));
+        }
+        for x in [100, 105, 108] {
+            assert!(px(rgba, x, 148)[1] < 128, "{what}: ({x}, 148) on the line is {:?}", px(rgba, x, 148));
+            assert!(px(rgba, x, 149)[1] > 128, "{what}: ({x}, 149) off the line is {:?}", px(rgba, x, 149));
+        }
+        // One pixel wide: its ink adds up to its length, about 100 pixels, not two rows' worth.
+        let ink: f64 = rgba.as_chunks::<4>().0.iter().map(|p| 1.0 - f64::from(p[1]) / 255.0).sum();
+        assert!((90.0..=110.0).contains(&ink), "{what}: ink {ink}");
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn disconnected_subpaths_on_one_line_leave_the_gap_between_them_unpainted() {
+    // Two zero-height subpaths on user y = 50 (device row 150), x 10..30 and 60..90: the fill
+    // and the clip mark the pixels each subpath touches, not the gap between them.
+    let mut expected = Vec::new();
+    for x in (10..30).chain(60..90) {
+        expected.push((x, 150));
+    }
+    let fill = render("1 0 0 rg 10 50 m 30 50 l 60 50 m 90 50 l f");
+    let clip = render(&format!("q 10 50 m 30 50 l 60 50 m 90 50 l W n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    for (rgba, what) in [(&fill, "fill"), (&clip, "clip")] {
+        assert_eq!(red_pixels(rgba), expected, "{what}: the red pixels");
+        assert_eq!(tinted_pixels(rgba), 0, "{what}: partly covered pixels");
+    }
+    // Overlapping subpaths drawn in opposite directions still paint their union under either rule.
+    let fill = render("1 0 0 rg 10 50 m 60 50 l 90 50 m 40 50 l f*");
+    assert_only_red_run(&fill, (10, 90), (150, 151), "overlapping subpaths");
+    let clip = render(&format!("q 10 50 m 60 50 l 90 50 m 40 50 l W* n {FLOOD} Q"));
+    assert_only_red_run(&clip, (10, 90), (150, 151), "overlapping subpaths: clip");
+}
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs
index 0e846c8287..8887683ac0 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ mod xform;
 mod zoom;
 pub(super) mod zoom_snap;
 
+pub(crate) use area::SignTab;
 pub(crate) use area::signature_badges;
 use area::{drawing_edge_pointer, glide_interrupted, page_scroll, presentation_click, run_button, set_layers, zoom_anchor};
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -725,6 +726,24 @@ pub struct DocView {
     /// Redact tool: the box being drawn, and a mark to add (page, quads) for the app to style.
     pub redact_drag: crate::redact_ui::AreaDrag,
     pub pending_redaction: Option<(usize, Vec<[f64; 8]>)>,
+    /// How many Apply redactions steps are in effect in this view. While it is above 0, Save
+    /// proposes the name with `_Redacted` ([`pdfcraft_engine::redacted_file_name`]), and while it is
+    /// above `redactions_downloaded`, Save asks where.
+    /// Undo of an Apply redactions step takes one off and Redo adds it back. Reload and a desktop
+    /// save set it to 0, and Revert sets it to `redactions_downloaded`; after a desktop save the document has the name it was saved
+    /// under. A web download keeps it, so later downloads carry the `_Redacted` name.
+    pub redactions_applied: usize,
+    /// How many Apply redactions steps saved into the document's file are undone in this view.
+    /// While it is above 0, Save asks where, so the restored content is not written over the
+    /// redacted file. Redo takes one off. Revert, Reload and a desktop save set it to 0.
+    pub redactions_undone_after_save: usize,
+    /// Set when Apply redactions runs while saved Apply redactions steps are undone: Redo can no
+    /// longer bring those steps back, so Save asks where until a desktop save or Revert clears it.
+    pub saved_redactions_cut_off: bool,
+    /// `redactions_applied` at the last web download, which Revert restores. While
+    /// `redactions_applied` is below it, a delivered step is undone and Save asks where. A desktop
+    /// save leaves it at 0.
+    pub redactions_downloaded: usize,
     /// A crop rectangle being dragged (Crop tool).
     pub crop_drag: crate::crop::CropDrag,
     /// Enhance ▸ Camera image: the quadrilateral being placed.
@@ -1148,6 +1167,10 @@ impl DocView {
             links: Default::default(),
             redact_drag: None,
             pending_redaction: None,
+            redactions_applied: 0,
+            redactions_undone_after_save: 0,
+            saved_redactions_cut_off: false,
+            redactions_downloaded: 0,
             crop_drag: None,
             camera: None,
             camera_done: None,
@@ -1749,6 +1772,7 @@ fn draw_page(ui: &mut egui::Ui, view: &mut DocView, frame: &mut PageFrame<'_>, i
             area_tool: false,
             hover: None,
             released_over: false,
+            sign_tabs: Vec::new(),
         }
     } else {
         page_tool_input(ui, view, frame, &slot)
@@ -3112,7 +3136,8 @@ fn fits_height(r: Rect, view_height: f32, pixels_per_point: f32) -> bool {
 }
 
 /// Draws the document tab at `index`: its notice bars, then its pages (or the Organize grid) in a
-/// scroll area with this frame's zoom, scrolling, tool input, overlays and render requests.
+/// scroll area with this frame's zoom, scrolling, tool input, overlays (form fields, comments,
+/// signature badges and sign tabs) and render requests.
 pub fn document_area(app: &mut PdfCraftApp, index: usize, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     let can_paste_key = egui::Id::unique("can-paste-image");
@@ -3797,5 +3822,7 @@ enum FieldMenu {
     Duplicate(String),
 }
 
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod sign_tab_tests;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/area.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/area.rs
index 64cbd6e939..53b1edd328 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/area.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/area.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use super::{LayerOp, PdfCraftApp, Pos2, Rect};
+use super::{Color32, HashSet, LayerOp, PdfCraftApp, Pos2, Rect, Tokens, Vec2, icons, pos2, theme, vec2};
 
 /// A validation badge drawn over a signature widget: the widget rectangle (user space), the verdict it shows, and its hover text.
 pub(crate) struct SignatureBadge {
@@ -27,6 +27,121 @@ pub(crate) fn signature_badges(signatures: &[pdfcraft_engine::SignatureInfo], pa
         .collect()
 }
 
+/// The empty signature fields on one page that get a sign tab, as their names and widget
+/// rectangles (user space). Each is unsigned and visible, on this page, with a rectangle that
+/// passes the same screen-space guard as [`signature_badges`]. A click must also be able to sign
+/// it, as in `forms_ui::page_input`: the document allows filling (`can_fill`), and the form field
+/// of that name is a signature field that isn't read-only, with a shown widget at that place
+/// that isn't read-only on its own.
+pub(crate) fn sign_tabs<'a>(
+    signatures: &'a [pdfcraft_engine::SignatureInfo],
+    form: &[pdfcraft_engine::FormField],
+    page: usize,
+    can_fill: bool,
+) -> Vec<(&'a str, [f64; 4])> {
+    let mut empty = signatures
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|s| can_fill && !s.signed && s.visible && s.page == Some(page))
+        .filter_map(|s| s.rect.filter(|r| r.iter().all(|v| v.is_finite() && v.abs() < f32::MAX as f64)).map(|r| (s.field.as_str(), r)))
+        .peekable();
+    if empty.peek().is_none() {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+    // The widgets a click signs, by field name and exact rectangle, from one pass over the form:
+    // a file with thousands of fields costs no more per frame than the field hit test does.
+    let signable: HashSet<(&str, [u64; 4])> = form
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|f| f.kind == pdfcraft_engine::FormFieldKind::Signature && !f.read_only())
+        .flat_map(|f| {
+            f.widgets.iter().filter(|w| w.page == Some(page) && !w.hidden && !w.read_only).map(move |w| (f.name.as_str(), w.rect.map(f64::to_bits)))
+        })
+        .collect();
+    empty.filter(|(name, r)| signable.contains(&(*name, r.map(f64::to_bits)))).collect()
+}
+
+/// The largest sign tab's height, in points. Every other size is a share of the tab's height,
+/// taken from this one: a 3 pt inset, a 12 pt icon, 5 pt padding, an 11 pt label and 4 pt corners.
+pub(super) const SIGN_TAB_MAX: f32 = 18.0;
+/// The smallest sign tab's height, in points: a field too small for this chip gets no tab.
+const SIGN_TAB_MIN: f32 = 10.0;
+/// The share of its field's height on screen that a sign tab takes, between the two sizes.
+const SIGN_TAB_SHARE: f32 = 0.4;
+/// The smallest sign tab that carries the label; below it the tab is the icon alone.
+const SIGN_TAB_LABEL_MIN: f32 = 14.0;
+/// The label's font size on the largest sign tab; it shrinks with the tab.
+const SIGN_TAB_FONT: f32 = 11.0;
+
+/// Where one sign tab is drawn on screen: its chip, the icon's square and, when the label fits,
+/// the point where the label starts (its left edge, on the chip's center line), with the
+/// label's font size and the chip's corner radius at this tab's size.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
+pub(crate) struct SignTab {
+    pub rect: Rect,
+    pub icon: Rect,
+    pub label: Option<Pos2>,
+    pub font: f32,
+    pub radius: f32,
+}
+
+/// Lays out a sign tab inside the top-left corner of `field` (the widget on screen), for a label
+/// `label_width` points wide at [`SIGN_TAB_FONT`], its size on the largest tab. The tab is
+/// [`SIGN_TAB_SHARE`] of the field's height, from [`SIGN_TAB_MIN`] to [`SIGN_TAB_MAX`], and its
+/// inset, icon, padding, label and corners scale with it. It carries the label from
+/// [`SIGN_TAB_LABEL_MIN`] up when the whole tab fits in half the field's width, and is a square
+/// icon chip otherwise. It is left out when even that chip doesn't fit, or the field isn't finite.
+pub(crate) fn sign_tab_layout(field: Rect, label_width: f32) -> Option<SignTab> {
+    if !field.is_finite() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    // Finite, so the clamp has a number to work on (and its bounds are constants in order).
+    let h = (field.height() * SIGN_TAB_SHARE).clamp(SIGN_TAB_MIN, SIGN_TAB_MAX);
+    let scale = h / SIGN_TAB_MAX;
+    let (inset, icon_side, pad) = (3.0 * scale, 12.0 * scale, 5.0 * scale);
+    if field.height() < h + 2.0 * inset || h > field.width() / 2.0 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let full = pad + icon_side + pad + label_width * scale + pad;
+    let with_label = h >= SIGN_TAB_LABEL_MIN && label_width.is_finite() && label_width > 0.0 && full <= field.width() / 2.0;
+    let width = if with_label { full } else { h };
+    let rect = Rect::from_min_size(field.min + Vec2::splat(inset), vec2(width, h));
+    let icon_x = if with_label { rect.left() + pad } else { rect.center().x - icon_side / 2.0 };
+    let icon = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(icon_x, rect.center().y - icon_side / 2.0), Vec2::splat(icon_side));
+    let label = with_label.then(|| pos2(icon.right() + pad, rect.center().y));
+    Some(SignTab { rect, icon, label, font: SIGN_TAB_FONT * scale, radius: 4.0 * scale })
+}
+
+/// The sign tab's label, "Sign", laid out at `size` points.
+fn sign_tab_label(ui: &egui::Ui, size: f32) -> std::sync::Arc<egui::Galley> {
+    ui.fonts_mut(|f| f.layout_no_wrap(tl!("Sign").to_string(), theme::semibold(size), Color32::WHITE))
+}
+
+/// The sign tab of an empty signature field whose widget is at `field` on screen, on the page at
+/// `page`, laid out for its label measured at its largest size: where it is painted and where a
+/// click on it signs.
+pub(super) fn sign_tab_at(ui: &egui::Ui, field: Rect, page: Rect) -> Option<SignTab> {
+    sign_tab_on_page(field, page, sign_tab_label(ui, SIGN_TAB_FONT).size().x)
+}
+
+/// [`sign_tab_layout`] in the part of `field` that is on `page`: form fields take clicks on the
+/// page only, so a widget that straddles the page's edge gets its tab where a click reaches it,
+/// or none when that part has no room for one.
+pub(crate) fn sign_tab_on_page(field: Rect, page: Rect, label_width: f32) -> Option<SignTab> {
+    sign_tab_layout(field.intersect(page), label_width)
+}
+
+/// Paints a sign tab laid out by [`sign_tab_at`]: an accent chip with the signature icon and
+/// "Sign" in white, as the app's primary buttons are. The label is drawn at the tab's size; text
+/// scales with its size, and the padding takes up any rounding. Screen-only chrome, like the
+/// validation badges.
+pub(super) fn paint_sign_tab(ui: &egui::Ui, painter: &egui::Painter, tab: &SignTab, t: &Tokens) {
+    painter.rect_filled(tab.rect, egui::epaint::CornerRadiusF32::same(tab.radius), t.accent);
+    icons::paint(ui, tab.icon, "signature", tab.icon.width(), Color32::WHITE);
+    if let Some(at) = tab.label {
+        let galley = sign_tab_label(ui, tab.font);
+        painter.galley(at - vec2(0.0, galley.size().y / 2.0), galley, Color32::WHITE);
+    }
+}
+
 // Keep the viewer's scroll identity tied to the document instead of its parent UI. Without
 // `fades` (Show Page Edge Shadows off) the viewport-edge gradients are off for this area only.
 pub(super) fn page_scroll<R>(
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/navigation.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/navigation.rs
index 6cfffa8d4b..a67a8dc641 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/navigation.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/navigation.rs
@@ -367,6 +367,9 @@ fn zoom_shortcuts(view: &mut DocView, pressed: &impl Fn(egui::KeyboardShortcut)
     }
 }
 
+/// The document view's keyboard shortcuts: find, rotation, zoom (or the page grid's size),
+/// history, Escape, and the paging and scrolling keys. An open form field keeps the paging
+/// and scrolling keys for itself.
 pub fn shortcuts(view: &mut DocView, ctx: &egui::Context, speed: crate::scroll_speed::ScrollSpeed) {
     use egui::{Key, KeyboardShortcut, Modifiers};
     if ctx.input_mut(|i| i.consume_shortcut(&KeyboardShortcut::new(Modifiers::COMMAND, Key::F))) {
@@ -411,8 +414,13 @@ pub fn shortcuts(view: &mut DocView, ctx: &egui::Context, speed: crate::scroll_s
         view.view_history(true);
     }
     let key = |k| (arrows || !matches!(k, Key::ArrowLeft | Key::ArrowRight | Key::ArrowUp | Key::ArrowDown)) && ctx.input(|i| i.key_pressed(k));
+    // An open form field (a drop-down's or a list box's items) takes the arrows, Page Up / Page
+    // Down, Home, End and Escape. A focused check box or radio button uses none of them, so the
+    // page keys still work there.
+    let field_open = view.forms.focus.is_some() && form_box.is_none();
     // An open menu takes Escape first and closes; the selection stays for the next one (#3535).
-    if key(Key::Escape) && !egui::Popup::is_any_open(ctx) {
+    // So does an open field, whose list closes.
+    if key(Key::Escape) && !egui::Popup::is_any_open(ctx) && !field_open {
         if view.camera.is_some() || view.camera_done.is_some() {
             view.pending_action = Some(ViewAction::CancelCamera);
         } else if view.selection.is_some() || view.all_text {
@@ -422,6 +430,10 @@ pub fn shortcuts(view: &mut DocView, ctx: &egui::Context, speed: crate::scroll_s
             view.find = None;
         }
     }
+    // The open field's keys leave the page under it where it is.
+    if field_open {
+        return;
+    }
     // Home and End, and the keys listed with them for Go to first / last page: Shift+Ctrl
     // (Shift+⌘ on macOS) with ↑ / ↓ or Page Up / Page Down (#6434; *Adobe Acrobat Help*, 2019,
     // "Keys for navigating a PDF", p. 83). These take the key from the page turning and
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/page_input.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/page_input.rs
index cf10ab48df..b07ed55380 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/page_input.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/page_input.rs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 use egui::{Color32, CornerRadius, Pos2, Rect, Stroke};
 use pdfcraft_render::{DocInfo, LinkTarget, PageText};
 
+use super::area::{SignTab, paint_sign_tab, sign_tab_at, sign_tabs};
 use super::{
     DocView, MARK_ICON_SHARE, PageEnv, PageFrame, PageSlot, PageXform, Selection, Span, cached_edit_images, click_unit, mark_anchor,
     signature_badges, verdict_mark_rect,
@@ -30,6 +31,8 @@ pub(super) struct PageInput {
     /// The press's click came up over what the press began on: a link's or a field's click counts
     /// only then, as a button's does.
     pub(super) released_over: bool,
+    /// The sign tabs on empty fields a click would sign, painted over the page.
+    pub(super) sign_tabs: Vec<SignTab>,
 }
 
 /// Common geometry and pointer state for a tool acting on one page.
@@ -83,6 +86,10 @@ pub(super) fn page_tool_input(ui: &mut egui::Ui, view: &mut DocView, frame: &mut
     };
     // While a table is being set up, nothing else is drawn or moved.
     let prepare_allowed = can_modify && table_preview.is_none() && frame.out.open_table.is_none();
+    // An empty field a click would sign carries a small tab saying so, shown only while
+    // a click on the field signs it (the Select tool, not while preparing a form). The tab
+    // is drawn over every field, so a click on it signs its field (`forms_ui::hit`).
+    let tabs = page_sign_tabs(ui, doc, form, info, slot, can_fill, tool == QuickTool::Select && !preparing);
     let hits = PageHits {
         page: i,
         xf: &xf,
@@ -102,6 +109,7 @@ pub(super) fn page_tool_input(ui: &mut egui::Ui, view: &mut DocView, frame: &mut
         images: &images,
         clip: ui.clip_rect(),
         text_links,
+        tabs: &tabs,
     };
     if let Some(o) = ptr.pressed() {
         // A press with Shift or ⌘ in Edit text is the objects', whatever lies under it
@@ -254,7 +262,39 @@ pub(super) fn page_tool_input(ui: &mut egui::Ui, view: &mut DocView, frame: &mut
     let on_comment = comments::page_input(ui, resp, &pcx, press, taken, view);
     let consumed = taken || on_comment;
     let hover = pointer.and_then(|p| claim_under(&hits, view, p, frame.env.unobstructed));
-    PageInput { press, text_drag: !view.router.keeps_drag(), consumed, area_tool, hover, released_over }
+    PageInput {
+        press,
+        text_drag: !view.router.keeps_drag(),
+        consumed,
+        area_tool,
+        hover,
+        released_over,
+        sign_tabs: tabs.into_iter().map(|(_, tab)| tab).collect(),
+    }
+}
+
+/// The sign tabs on the slot's page, on empty fields a click would sign, each with the field it
+/// signs; none unless `shown`.
+fn page_sign_tabs<'a>(
+    ui: &egui::Ui,
+    doc: &'a pdfcraft_engine::Document,
+    form: &[pdfcraft_engine::FormField],
+    info: &DocInfo,
+    slot: &PageSlot,
+    can_fill: bool,
+    shown: bool,
+) -> Vec<(&'a str, SignTab)> {
+    let PageSlot { i, xf, .. } = slot;
+    let i = *i;
+    if !shown {
+        return Vec::new();
+    }
+    sign_tabs(&doc.signatures, form, i, can_fill)
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter_map(|(name, [x0, y0, x1, y1])| {
+            sign_tab_at(ui, xf.user_rect(info, i, [x0 as f32, y0 as f32, x1 as f32, y1 as f32]), xf.rect).map(|tab| (name, tab))
+        })
+        .collect()
 }
 
 /// What lies under the pointer at `p`, after the tools act: its top, what a press there would take,
@@ -457,6 +497,9 @@ struct PageHits<'a> {
     clip: Rect,
     /// Addresses written as plain page text open like links (#4207).
     text_links: bool,
+    /// The sign tabs on empty signature fields, with the field each one signs: drawn over every
+    /// field, so the pointer on one is on its own field.
+    tabs: &'a [(&'a str, SignTab)],
 }
 
 impl PageHits<'_> {
@@ -539,6 +582,7 @@ impl PageHits<'_> {
             images,
             clip,
             text_links,
+            tabs,
         } = *self;
         // A press with Shift or ⌘ is the objects' (`object_ui::modified_hit`), off crop mode's page.
         if let Some(objects) = objects {
@@ -561,7 +605,7 @@ impl PageHits<'_> {
         let fields = if preparing {
             crate::prepare::hit(xf, info, page, form, field_tool, prepare_allowed, &view.prepare, p)
         } else if tool == QuickTool::Select {
-            crate::forms_ui::hit(xf, info, page, form, can_fill, p)
+            crate::forms_ui::hit(xf, info, page, form, tabs, can_fill, p)
         } else {
             None
         };
@@ -851,6 +895,7 @@ pub(super) fn page_overlays(ui: &mut egui::Ui, view: &mut DocView, frame: &mut P
         prefs,
         preparing,
         redact_mark,
+        t,
         table_preview,
         tool,
         unobstructed,
@@ -977,6 +1022,11 @@ pub(super) fn page_overlays(ui: &mut egui::Ui, view: &mut DocView, frame: &mut P
             view.flash = None;
         }
     }
+    // The sign tabs (above). Like the validation badges, they never enter the file,
+    // exports or printing.
+    for tab in &input.sign_tabs {
+        paint_sign_tab(ui, painter, tab, t);
+    }
     // Validation badges are viewer chrome over the widget. A recognised named-layer appearance may
     // show the verdict in the display copy too; saves retain its original streams. Badges never
     // enter document streams, exports or either print path. Their tips show where the comments'
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/page_pointer/tests.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/page_pointer/tests.rs
index 21698e7f95..9246bb83f5 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/page_pointer/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/page_pointer/tests.rs
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ const RAW_READS: [&str; 21] = [
 
 /// Functions in the page modules that are not page input and read egui's pointer state
 /// themselves: (file, function, why).
-const NOT_PAGE_INPUT: [(&str, &str, &str); 10] = [
+const NOT_PAGE_INPUT: [(&str, &str, &str); 12] = [
     ("canvas/area.rs", "zoom_anchor", "a pinch zooms the whole view, and is read before the pages' widget exists"),
     ("canvas/area.rs", "drawing_edge_pointer", "scrolls the view at its edges, read before the pages' widget exists"),
     ("canvas/area.rs", "glide_interrupted", "a press anywhere stops the touchpad's glide"),
@@ -249,6 +249,8 @@ const NOT_PAGE_INPUT: [(&str, &str, &str); 10] = [
     ("canvas/bars.rs", "page_size_hint", "the page size hint sits in the view's corner, not on a page"),
     ("canvas/organize.rs", "organize_grid", "Organize Pages shows thumbnails, not pages"),
     ("tools/forms_ui.rs", "overlay", "the field editor is an Area of its own over the page"),
+    ("tools/forms_ui.rs", "choice_list", "a drop-down's open list is an Area of its own over the page"),
+    ("tools/forms_ui.rs", "scroll_bar", "the scroll bar of a drop-down's open list, in its Area over the page"),
     ("tools/content_ui.rs", "editor", "the added-text editor is an Area of its own over the page"),
     ("tools/edit_text_ui.rs", "overlay", "the paragraph editor is an Area of its own over the page"),
     ("tools/fill_sign/scan.rs", "scan_tab", "the signature dialog's Scan tab"),
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/selection.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/selection.rs
index c9bc8cd3e1..f50bbcfa70 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/selection.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/selection.rs
@@ -76,9 +76,14 @@ impl DocView {
     /// Screen position of the centre of glyph `glyph` on `page`, if that page is on screen and its
     /// text layer is loaded (used by UI tests and automation to aim pointer input).
     pub fn glyph_screen_pos(&self, page: usize, glyph: usize) -> Option<Pos2> {
+        self.glyph_screen_rect(page, glyph).map(|r| r.center())
+    }
+
+    /// The screen rectangle of glyph `glyph` on `page`, when the page is on screen.
+    pub fn glyph_screen_rect(&self, page: usize, glyph: usize) -> Option<Rect> {
         let (_, xf) = self.screen_xforms.iter().find(|(p, _)| *p == page)?;
         let g = self.texts.get(&page)?.glyphs.get(glyph)?;
-        Some(xf.view_rect(g.rect).center())
+        Some(xf.view_rect(g.rect))
     }
 
     /// Selected text, if any (⌘C).
@@ -172,6 +177,9 @@ enum SelectionAction {
     Copy,
 }
 
+/// The selection bar's width before it has been laid out once (English labels).
+const SELECTION_BAR_GUESS: f32 = 520.0;
+
 /// Actions on an existing text selection, next to the selected words.
 pub(super) fn selection_actions(
     ui: &mut egui::Ui,
@@ -203,32 +211,33 @@ pub(super) fn selection_actions(
     if !viewport.intersects(rect) {
         return false;
     }
-    let x = rect.left().clamp(viewport.left() + 8.0, (viewport.right() - 520.0).max(viewport.left() + 8.0));
+    let id = egui::Id::unique(("text-selection-actions", view.view_key()));
+    // The bar stays inside the pages' area, by the width it had last frame (its labels make it
+    // wider in some languages), so it never covers a side panel; a first guess before it has one.
+    let width = egui::AreaState::load(ui.ctx(), id).and_then(|a| a.size).map_or(SELECTION_BAR_GUESS, |s| s.x);
+    let x = rect.left().clamp(viewport.left() + 8.0, (viewport.right() - width - 8.0).max(viewport.left() + 8.0));
     let y = if rect.bottom() + 48.0 < viewport.bottom() { rect.bottom() + 6.0 } else { (rect.top() - 44.0).max(viewport.top() + 6.0) };
     let mut chosen = None;
-    egui::Area::new(egui::Id::unique(("text-selection-actions", view.view_key()))).order(egui::Order::Foreground).fixed_pos(pos2(x, y)).show(
-        ui.ctx(),
-        |ui| {
-            egui::Frame::popup(ui.style()).show(ui, |ui| {
-                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-                    for (label, action) in [
-                        (tl!("Add comment"), SelectionAction::Note),
-                        (tl!("Highlight"), SelectionAction::Markup(comments::CommentTool::Highlight)),
-                        (tl!("Underline"), SelectionAction::Markup(comments::CommentTool::Underline)),
-                        (tl!("Strikethrough"), SelectionAction::Markup(comments::CommentTool::StrikeOut)),
-                        (tl!("Replace text"), SelectionAction::Replace),
-                    ] {
-                        if ui.add_enabled(can_comment, egui::Button::new(label)).clicked() {
-                            chosen = Some(action);
-                        }
+    egui::Area::new(id).order(egui::Order::Foreground).fixed_pos(pos2(x, y)).show(ui.ctx(), |ui| {
+        egui::Frame::popup(ui.style()).show(ui, |ui| {
+            ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                for (label, action) in [
+                    (tl!("Add comment"), SelectionAction::Note),
+                    (tl!("Highlight"), SelectionAction::Markup(comments::CommentTool::Highlight)),
+                    (tl!("Underline"), SelectionAction::Markup(comments::CommentTool::Underline)),
+                    (tl!("Strikethrough"), SelectionAction::Markup(comments::CommentTool::StrikeOut)),
+                    (tl!("Replace text"), SelectionAction::Replace),
+                ] {
+                    if ui.add_enabled(can_comment, egui::Button::new(label)).clicked() {
+                        chosen = Some(action);
                     }
-                    if ui.add_enabled(can_copy, egui::Button::new(tl!("Copy"))).clicked() {
-                        chosen = Some(SelectionAction::Copy);
-                    }
-                });
+                }
+                if ui.add_enabled(can_copy, egui::Button::new(tl!("Copy"))).clicked() {
+                    chosen = Some(SelectionAction::Copy);
+                }
             });
-        },
-    );
+        });
+    });
     let Some(action) = chosen else { return false };
     if let SelectionAction::Copy = action {
         // Copying closes the bar but keeps the words selected, for ⌘C or a second action.
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/sign_tab_tests.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/sign_tab_tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..60a57f8137
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/sign_tab_tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+//! Unit tests for the sign tabs on empty signature fields (`area.rs`).
+
+use super::area::{SIGN_TAB_MAX, sign_tab_layout, sign_tab_on_page, sign_tabs};
+use super::*;
+use pdfcraft_engine::{FormField, FormFieldKind, FormWidget, SignatureInfo};
+
+/// The widget rectangle the unit tests use (user space).
+const RECT: [f64; 4] = [20.0, 110.0, 140.0, 180.0];
+
+/// An unsigned, visible signature listing for field `name` with its widget on `page` at
+/// `rect`. Each test changes the one thing it is about.
+fn listing(name: &str, page: usize, rect: [f64; 4]) -> SignatureInfo {
+    SignatureInfo {
+        field: name.into(),
+        signed: false,
+        page: Some(page),
+        rect: Some(rect),
+        visible: true,
+        signer: None,
+        certificate: None,
+        chain: Vec::new(),
+        date: None,
+        signing_time: None,
+        reason: None,
+        location: None,
+        contact: None,
+        sub_filter: None,
+        doc_timestamp: false,
+        certify: None,
+        revision: 1,
+        signed_len: 0,
+        digest: None,
+        algorithm: None,
+        timestamp: false,
+        timestamp_time: None,
+        status: pdfcraft_engine::SignatureStatus::Unknown,
+        modification: pdfcraft_engine::sign::Modification::None,
+        details: Vec::new(),
+        verdict_shown: false,
+    }
+}
+
+/// The signature form field `name` with one shown widget on `page` at `rect`.
+fn field(name: &str, page: usize, rect: [f64; 4]) -> FormField {
+    FormField {
+        name: name.into(),
+        obj: pdfcraft_cos::ObjRef::new(4, 0),
+        kind: FormFieldKind::Signature,
+        value: Vec::new(),
+        default: Vec::new(),
+        flags: 0,
+        max_len: None,
+        options: Vec::new(),
+        selected: Vec::new(),
+        single_value_is_array: false,
+        da: String::new(),
+        quadding: 0,
+        tooltip: None,
+        widgets: vec![FormWidget {
+            obj: pdfcraft_cos::ObjRef::new(4, 0),
+            page: Some(page),
+            rect,
+            on_state: None,
+            state: None,
+            tab: 0,
+            locked: false,
+            hidden: false,
+            read_only: false,
+            rotation: 0,
+            caption: None,
+            list: None,
+            round: false,
+        }],
+        actions: Default::default(),
+        button: None,
+    }
+}
+
+/// The cases (by name) whose single listing and form still got a tab on page 0.
+fn tabbed<'a>(cases: &[(&'a str, SignatureInfo, Vec<FormField>, bool)]) -> Vec<&'a str> {
+    cases.iter().filter(|(_, s, form, can_fill)| !sign_tabs(std::slice::from_ref(s), form, 0, *can_fill).is_empty()).map(|c| c.0).collect()
+}
+
+/// An empty, visible signature field that a click signs gets one tab, at its widget, on its
+/// own page only.
+#[test]
+fn sign_tabs_mark_an_empty_field_that_a_click_signs() {
+    let approver = [listing("Approver", 0, RECT)];
+    assert_eq!(sign_tabs(&approver, &[field("Approver", 0, RECT)], 0, true), vec![("Approver", RECT)]);
+    let later = [listing("Witness", 1, RECT)];
+    assert_eq!(sign_tabs(&later, &[field("Witness", 1, RECT)], 1, true), vec![("Witness", RECT)]);
+    assert!(sign_tabs(&later, &[field("Witness", 1, RECT)], 0, true).is_empty(), "not on the page before");
+}
+
+/// Signed, invisible, other-page and unplaced fields get no tab. Each case is checked on its
+/// own, so a failure names every case that wrongly got one.
+#[test]
+fn sign_tabs_skip_signed_invisible_other_page_and_unplaced_fields() {
+    let form = || vec![field("Approver", 0, RECT)];
+    let cases = [
+        ("signed", SignatureInfo { signed: true, ..listing("Approver", 0, RECT) }, form(), true),
+        ("invisible", SignatureInfo { visible: false, ..listing("Approver", 0, RECT) }, form(), true),
+        ("on another page", listing("Approver", 1, RECT), vec![field("Approver", 1, RECT)], true),
+        ("on no page", SignatureInfo { page: None, ..listing("Approver", 0, RECT) }, form(), true),
+        ("without a rectangle", SignatureInfo { rect: None, ..listing("Approver", 0, RECT) }, form(), true),
+    ];
+    assert_eq!(tabbed(&cases), Vec::<&str>::new());
+}
+
+/// NaN, infinite and gigantic rectangles never reach the painter, even when the form's
+/// widget carries the same numbers.
+#[test]
+fn sign_tabs_skip_rectangles_that_cannot_reach_the_screen() {
+    let hostile = |name: &'static str, rect: [f64; 4]| (name, listing("Approver", 0, rect), vec![field("Approver", 0, rect)], true);
+    let cases = [
+        hostile("NaN", [f64::NAN, 110.0, 140.0, 180.0]),
+        hostile("infinite", [20.0, f64::INFINITY, 140.0, 180.0]),
+        hostile("minus infinite", [20.0, 110.0, f64::NEG_INFINITY, 180.0]),
+        hostile("huge", [20.0, 110.0, 1e300, 180.0]),
+    ];
+    assert_eq!(tabbed(&cases), Vec::<&str>::new());
+}
+
+/// Fields a click would not sign get no tab: a read-only field, a document that refuses
+/// filling, a listing with no form field of its name, a field of another kind of that name,
+/// and a widget that is hidden, read-only on its own or elsewhere.
+#[test]
+fn sign_tabs_skip_fields_that_a_click_cannot_sign() {
+    let empty = || listing("Approver", 0, RECT);
+    let with = |change: fn(&mut FormField)| {
+        let mut f = field("Approver", 0, RECT);
+        change(&mut f);
+        vec![f]
+    };
+    let cases = [
+        ("read-only", empty(), with(|f| f.flags = pdfcraft_engine::field_flags::READ_ONLY), true),
+        ("filling refused", empty(), with(|_| {}), false),
+        ("no form field", empty(), Vec::new(), true),
+        ("another kind", empty(), with(|f| f.kind = FormFieldKind::Text), true),
+        ("hidden widget", empty(), with(|f| f.widgets.iter_mut().for_each(|w| w.hidden = true)), true),
+        ("read-only widget", empty(), with(|f| f.widgets.iter_mut().for_each(|w| w.read_only = true)), true),
+        ("widget elsewhere", empty(), with(|f| f.widgets.iter_mut().for_each(|w| w.rect = [160.0, 110.0, 280.0, 180.0])), true),
+    ];
+    assert_eq!(tabbed(&cases), Vec::<&str>::new());
+}
+
+/// Whether two layout sizes match, to a hundredth of a point.
+fn near(a: f32, b: f32) -> bool {
+    (a - b).abs() < 0.01
+}
+
+/// What a field `width` by `height` points on screen shows, for a label 30 pt wide on the
+/// largest tab: "label" (the full tab), "icon" (the square chip) or "none".
+fn shows(width: f32, height: f32) -> &'static str {
+    match sign_tab_layout(Rect::from_min_size(Pos2::ZERO, vec2(width, height)), 30.0) {
+        Some(tab) if tab.label.is_some() => "label",
+        Some(_) => "icon",
+        None => "none",
+    }
+}
+
+/// The tab is 0.4 of the field's height on screen, at most 18 pt: a tall, wide field gets the
+/// 18 pt tab with its label 3 pt inside the corner, and a 29 pt field (a 22 pt box at fit
+/// width) an 11.6 pt icon chip, too small for the label, with the inset and icon scaled to it.
+#[test]
+fn sign_tab_layout_scales_the_chip_with_the_field_height() {
+    let large = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(100.0, 200.0), vec2(400.0, 60.0));
+    let tab = sign_tab_layout(large, 30.0).expect("fits");
+    assert!(near(tab.rect.height(), 18.0) && tab.rect.min == large.min + vec2(3.0, 3.0), "{tab:?}");
+    assert!(near(tab.icon.width(), 12.0) && tab.rect.contains_rect(tab.icon), "{tab:?}");
+    let at = tab.label.expect("the label fits");
+    assert!(at.x >= tab.icon.right() && at.x + 30.0 <= tab.rect.right() && at.y == tab.rect.center().y, "{tab:?}");
+
+    let short = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(100.0, 200.0), vec2(400.0, 29.0));
+    let tab = sign_tab_layout(short, 30.0).expect("fits");
+    assert!(near(tab.rect.height(), 11.6) && near(tab.rect.width(), 11.6) && tab.label.is_none(), "{tab:?}");
+    let inset = tab.rect.min - short.min;
+    assert!(near(inset.x, 11.6 / 6.0) && near(inset.y, 11.6 / 6.0) && short.contains_rect(tab.rect), "{tab:?}");
+    assert!(near(tab.icon.width(), 11.6 * 2.0 / 3.0) && tab.rect.contains_rect(tab.icon), "{tab:?}");
+}
+
+/// A 19 pt field (a 14 pt box at fit width) still gets the smallest chip, 10 pt with the icon
+/// alone. A 12 pt field is too short for even that, and a rectangle that isn't finite gets
+/// nothing. A label that can't be measured is left out instead of drawn at a NaN position.
+#[test]
+fn sign_tab_layout_keeps_a_small_icon_on_short_fields_and_none_below() {
+    let field = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(100.0, 200.0), vec2(400.0, 19.0));
+    let tab = sign_tab_layout(field, 30.0).expect("the smallest chip fits");
+    assert!(near(tab.rect.height(), 10.0) && near(tab.rect.width(), 10.0) && tab.label.is_none(), "{tab:?}");
+    assert!(field.contains_rect(tab.rect) && tab.rect.contains_rect(tab.icon), "{tab:?}");
+    let cases = [
+        ("12 pt tall", Rect::from_min_size(Pos2::ZERO, vec2(400.0, 12.0))),
+        ("infinite", Rect::from_min_max(Pos2::ZERO, pos2(f32::INFINITY, 40.0))),
+        ("NaN", Rect::from_min_max(pos2(f32::NAN, 0.0), pos2(400.0, 40.0))),
+    ];
+    let laid_out: Vec<&str> = cases.iter().filter(|(_, r)| sign_tab_layout(*r, 30.0).is_some()).map(|c| c.0).collect();
+    assert_eq!(laid_out, Vec::<&str>::new());
+    let roomy = Rect::from_min_size(Pos2::ZERO, vec2(400.0, 60.0));
+    assert_eq!(sign_tab_layout(roomy, f32::NAN).map(|t| t.label), Some(None));
+}
+
+/// The label's font and the chip's corners shrink with the tab: 11 pt and 4 pt on the largest
+/// tab, 8.8 pt and 3.2 pt on the 14.4 pt tab of a 36 pt field.
+#[test]
+fn sign_tab_layout_scales_the_label_font_and_corners_with_the_chip() {
+    let large = sign_tab_layout(Rect::from_min_size(Pos2::ZERO, vec2(400.0, 60.0)), 30.0).expect("fits");
+    assert!(near(large.font, 11.0) && near(large.radius, 4.0), "{large:?}");
+    let small = sign_tab_layout(Rect::from_min_size(Pos2::ZERO, vec2(400.0, 36.0)), 30.0).expect("fits");
+    assert!(near(small.font, 8.8) && near(small.radius, 3.2) && small.label.is_some(), "{small:?}");
+}
+
+/// As a 36 pt field (a 14.4 pt tab, its label 24 pt wide at that size) narrows, the tab keeps
+/// its label while the whole tab fits in half the width (91.2 pt), then shows the icon alone
+/// while the chip does (28.8 pt), then nothing.
+#[test]
+fn sign_tab_layout_drops_the_label_then_the_tab_as_the_field_narrows() {
+    let widths = [400.0, 92.0, 90.0, 29.0, 28.0];
+    assert_eq!(widths.map(|w| shows(w, 36.0)), ["label", "label", "icon", "icon", "none"]);
+    let tab = sign_tab_layout(Rect::from_min_size(Pos2::ZERO, vec2(92.0, 36.0)), 30.0).expect("fits");
+    assert!(near(tab.rect.height(), 14.4) && tab.rect.width() <= 46.0, "{tab:?}");
+}
+
+/// A field that straddles the page's edge gets its tab in the part on the page, where clicks
+/// reach it, or none when that part has no room for one.
+#[test]
+fn a_sign_tab_stays_on_the_page() {
+    let page = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(100.0, 50.0), vec2(600.0, 800.0));
+    let straddling = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(60.0, 20.0), vec2(300.0, 90.0));
+    let tab = sign_tab_on_page(straddling, page, 30.0).expect("the part on the page has room");
+    assert!(page.contains_rect(tab.rect), "{tab:?} on {page:?}");
+    assert_eq!(tab.rect.height(), SIGN_TAB_MAX, "sized to the 60 px on the page");
+    let sliver = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(60.0, 20.0), vec2(300.0, 36.0));
+    assert_eq!(sign_tab_on_page(sliver, page, 30.0), None, "6 px on the page");
+    let off = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(60.0, 900.0), vec2(300.0, 90.0));
+    assert_eq!(sign_tab_on_page(off, page, 30.0), None, "wholly off the page");
+}
+
+/// Where two sign tabs overlap, a click takes the one painted last, which is on top.
+#[test]
+fn the_sign_tab_painted_last_takes_the_click() {
+    let tab = |x: f32| sign_tab_layout(Rect::from_min_size(pos2(x, 0.0), vec2(300.0, 60.0)), 30.0).expect("fits");
+    let tabs = [("Approver", tab(0.0)), ("Witness", tab(10.0))];
+    let both = tabs[1].1.rect.left_center() + vec2(2.0, 0.0);
+    assert!(tabs[0].1.rect.contains(both), "the tabs overlap there");
+    assert_eq!(crate::forms_ui::tab_under(&tabs, both), Some("Witness"));
+    assert_eq!(crate::forms_ui::tab_under(&tabs, tabs[0].1.rect.left_center() + vec2(2.0, 0.0)), Some("Approver"));
+    assert_eq!(crate::forms_ui::tab_under(&tabs, pos2(-5.0, -5.0)), None);
+}
+
+/// One page with three signature fields: Approver is empty, Witness is signed (a signature
+/// dictionary as its value is enough to list it as signed) and Locked is empty but read-only.
+const SIGN_FIELDS: &[u8] = b"%PDF-1.7
+1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm << /Fields [4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R] >> >> endobj
+2 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >> endobj
+3 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 300 200] /Annots [4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R] >> endobj
+4 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Sig /T (Approver) /Rect [20 110 140 180] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >> endobj
+5 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Sig /T (Witness) /V << /Type /Sig >> /Rect [160 110 280 180] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >> endobj
+6 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Sig /T (Locked) /Ff 1 /Rect [20 20 140 90] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >> endobj
+trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>
+%%EOF";
+
+/// Every shape painted in the last frame, with nested lists flattened.
+fn painted(h: &egui_kittest::Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>) -> Vec<egui::Shape> {
+    let mut stack: Vec<egui::Shape> = h.output().shapes.iter().map(|c| c.shape.clone()).collect();
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    while let Some(shape) = stack.pop() {
+        match shape {
+            egui::Shape::Vec(inner) => stack.extend(inner),
+            shape => out.push(shape),
+        }
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// Where the named field's first widget is on screen.
+fn field_on_screen(h: &egui_kittest::Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>, name: &str) -> Rect {
+    let app = h.state();
+    let view = &app.views[0];
+    let doc = app.session.get(view.id).expect("open");
+    let f = doc.form.iter().find(|f| f.name == name).expect("field");
+    crate::forms_ui::field_screen_rect(view, &doc.info, f, 0).expect("on screen")
+}
+
+/// One page where the text field Name, first in the form's order, covers the top-left corner
+/// of the empty signature field Approver, where its sign tab is drawn.
+const SIGN_UNDER_TEXT: &[u8] = b"%PDF-1.7
+1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm << /Fields [4 0 R 5 0 R] >> >> endobj
+2 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >> endobj
+3 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 300 200] /Annots [4 0 R 5 0 R] >> endobj
+4 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Tx /T (Name) /Rect [10 120 130 190] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >> endobj
+5 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Sig /T (Approver) /Rect [20 110 140 180] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >> endobj
+trailer << /Root 1 0 R >>
+%%EOF";
+
+/// The real shell with `bytes` open, the side panes closed, after the first frames.
+fn shell(bytes: &'static [u8]) -> egui_kittest::Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp> {
+    let mut h = egui_kittest::Harness::builder().with_size(vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(move |_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_bytes("sign-fields.pdf", None, bytes.to_vec()).unwrap();
+        app.set_option("left", "closed").unwrap();
+        app.set_option("panel", "none").unwrap();
+        app
+    });
+    h.run_steps(6);
+    h
+}
+
+/// The accent chips painted in the last frame: the sign tabs.
+fn chips(h: &egui_kittest::Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>) -> Vec<Rect> {
+    let accent = Tokens::get(&h.ctx).accent;
+    painted(h)
+        .iter()
+        .filter_map(|s| match s {
+            egui::Shape::Rect(r) if r.fill == accent => Some(r.rect),
+            _ => None,
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+/// Clicks at `at` and lets the shell answer.
+fn click_at(h: &mut egui_kittest::Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>, at: Pos2) {
+    h.drag_at(at);
+    h.run_steps(1);
+    h.drop_at(at);
+    h.run_steps(3);
+}
+
+/// In the real shell, an empty signature field shows its accent tab with "Sign" in its
+/// top-left corner, and the signed and read-only fields show none. The tab is part of the
+/// field: hovering it shows the pointing hand, and clicking it starts signing that field.
+#[test]
+fn empty_signature_fields_show_a_sign_tab_that_signs_them() {
+    let mut h = shell(SIGN_FIELDS);
+    let (shapes, chips) = (painted(&h), chips(&h));
+    let (approver, witness, locked) = (field_on_screen(&h, "Approver"), field_on_screen(&h, "Witness"), field_on_screen(&h, "Locked"));
+    let tab = chips.iter().copied().find(|c| approver.contains_rect(*c)).unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("no tab in {approver:?}: {chips:?}"));
+    assert!(tab.min.x - approver.min.x < 8.0 && tab.min.y - approver.min.y < 8.0, "in the top-left corner: {tab:?} in {approver:?}");
+    let label = shapes.iter().any(|s| matches!(s, egui::Shape::Text(t) if t.galley.text() == "Sign" && tab.contains(t.pos)));
+    assert!(label, "the tab says Sign");
+    assert!(!chips.iter().any(|c| witness.intersects(*c)), "a signed field has no tab: {chips:?}");
+    assert!(!chips.iter().any(|c| locked.intersects(*c)), "a read-only field has no tab: {chips:?}");
+
+    h.hover_at(tab.center());
+    h.run_steps(1);
+    assert_eq!(h.output().platform_output.cursor_icon, egui::CursorIcon::PointingHand);
+    click_at(&mut h, tab.center());
+    assert_eq!(h.state().dialog, Some(crate::Dialog::Sign));
+    assert_eq!(h.state().sign_draft.as_ref().and_then(|d| d.field.clone()).as_deref(), Some("Approver"));
+}
+
+/// A sign tab is drawn over every field, so a click on it signs its field even where a field
+/// earlier in the form's order overlaps it, which would otherwise take the click. Beside the
+/// tab, the overlapping field still takes clicks as before.
+#[test]
+fn a_sign_tab_signs_its_field_where_an_earlier_field_overlaps_it() {
+    let mut h = shell(SIGN_UNDER_TEXT);
+    let (name, approver) = (field_on_screen(&h, "Name"), field_on_screen(&h, "Approver"));
+    let tab = chips(&h).into_iter().find(|c| approver.contains_rect(*c)).expect("Approver has a tab");
+    assert!(name.contains_rect(tab), "the text field covers the tab: {tab:?} in {name:?}");
+
+    h.hover_at(tab.center());
+    h.run_steps(1);
+    assert_eq!(h.output().platform_output.cursor_icon, egui::CursorIcon::PointingHand);
+    click_at(&mut h, tab.center());
+    assert_eq!(h.state().dialog, Some(crate::Dialog::Sign));
+    assert_eq!(h.state().sign_draft.as_ref().and_then(|d| d.field.clone()).as_deref(), Some("Approver"));
+    assert!(h.state().views[0].forms.focus.is_none(), "the text field didn't open");
+
+    let beside = pos2(tab.right() + 6.0, tab.center().y);
+    assert!(name.contains(beside) && approver.contains(beside), "beside the tab, both fields are under the pointer");
+    h.state_mut().dialog = None;
+    h.state_mut().sign_draft = None;
+    h.run_steps(1);
+    click_at(&mut h, beside);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].forms.focus.as_ref().map(|f| f.name.as_str()), Some("Name"), "the earlier field takes the click");
+}
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/xform.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/xform.rs
index 71f397bdfb..0d864bd38a 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/xform.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/xform.rs
@@ -134,6 +134,19 @@ impl PageXform {
         Rect::from_two_pos(self.norm_to_screen(a.0, a.1), self.norm_to_screen(b.0, b.1))
     }
 
+    /// Whether the screen point `p` activates link `l` on `page`: inside one of its
+    /// `/QuadPoints` quadrilaterals, or its rectangle when it has none (ISO 32000-2 Table 176).
+    pub fn link_contains(&self, info: &DocInfo, page: usize, l: &pdfcraft_render::Link, p: Pos2) -> bool {
+        if l.quads.is_empty() {
+            return self.user_rect(info, page, l.rect).contains(p);
+        }
+        // The inverse of `user_rect`: screen → the displayed page's fraction → user space.
+        let Some(pg) = info.pages.get(page) else { return false };
+        let (u, v) = self.screen_to_norm(p);
+        let [x, y] = pg.view_to_user(u * pg.width, v * pg.height);
+        l.contains(x, y)
+    }
+
     pub fn user_rect_f64(&self, info: &DocInfo, page: usize, r: [f64; 4]) -> Rect {
         self.user_rect(info, page, r.map(|v| v as f32))
     }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs.rs
index 7637126728..0f93ae8e2d 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dialogs.rs
@@ -1995,6 +1995,15 @@ fn finish_redactions_and_fields(app: &mut PdfCraftApp, req: &mut Pending) {
         Some(Dialog::RedactApply) => {
             let marks = app.active_ids().and_then(|(_, id)| app.session.get(id)).map_or(0, |d| d.redaction_marks());
             if app.apply_edit(Edit::ApplyRedactions { pages: None }) {
+                if let Some(view) = app.active.and_then(|i| app.views.get_mut(i)) {
+                    let delivered_undone = view.redactions_applied < view.redactions_downloaded;
+                    view.redactions_applied = view.redactions_applied.saturating_add(1);
+                    // A new step clears the redo history, so the undone saved steps can't come back.
+                    if view.redactions_undone_after_save > 0 || delivered_undone {
+                        view.redactions_undone_after_save = 0;
+                        view.saved_redactions_cut_off = true;
+                    }
+                }
                 if let Some((_, id)) = app.active_ids() {
                     app.renew_recovery(id);
                 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/editing.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/editing.rs
index 04d762c9e7..2f528e01cb 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/editing.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/editing.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ pub use save::{SaveTarget, write_atomically};
 #[cfg(test)]
 pub(crate) use save::{is_mail_temp_copy, save_dialog_folder};
 #[cfg(test)]
-use save::{write_atomically_syncing, write_atomically_with};
+use save::{unredacted_file_name, write_atomically_syncing, write_atomically_with};
 
 /// Text typed into a new text box that isn't added to the page yet.
 fn new_text_typed(v: &crate::DocView) -> bool {
@@ -386,6 +386,17 @@ impl PdfCraftApp {
                     view.comments.selected = None;
                     view.comments.history_stepped();
                 }
+                if label == (Edit::ApplyRedactions { pages: None }).label() {
+                    let view = &mut self.views[i];
+                    let (applied, undone) = (view.redactions_applied, view.redactions_undone_after_save);
+                    // Undo past the last save counts as undone; Redo first takes those back.
+                    match (undo, applied, undone) {
+                        (true, 0, _) => view.redactions_undone_after_save = undone.saturating_add(1),
+                        (true, _, _) => view.redactions_applied = applied.saturating_sub(1),
+                        (false, _, 0) => view.redactions_applied = applied.saturating_add(1),
+                        (false, _, _) => view.redactions_undone_after_save = undone.saturating_sub(1),
+                    }
+                }
                 let label = crate::i18n::edit_label(&label);
                 if undo {
                     self.notify_fmt("Undid {label}", &[("label", &label)]);
@@ -1222,9 +1233,11 @@ mod revert_draft_tests {
     use crate::forms_ui::Focus;
     use pdfcraft_engine::FieldValue;
 
+    /// An open editor on the first widget of the field "name", holding `text` as typed.
     fn focus(text: &str) -> Focus {
         Focus {
             name: "name".into(),
+            obj: None,
             widget: 0,
             text: text.into(),
             picked: Vec::new(),
@@ -1234,6 +1247,7 @@ mod revert_draft_tests {
             calendar: None,
             calendar_rect: None,
             calendar_text: None,
+            list: Default::default(),
             had_focus: false,
         }
     }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/close.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/close.rs
index 1cc49e321e..4b7c9e43b5 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/close.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/close.rs
@@ -94,6 +94,11 @@ impl PdfCraftApp {
                     view.forms.committed = None;
                     view.forms.unbaked.clear();
                     view.pending_edit = None;
+                    // The redactions applied since the last save are discarded too. Those in the
+                    // last web download stay, so later downloads keep the `_Redacted` name.
+                    view.redactions_applied = view.redactions_downloaded;
+                    view.redactions_undone_after_save = 0;
+                    view.saved_redactions_cut_off = false;
                 }
                 // A signature placed since the last save is gone with the rest: the next save
                 // doesn't ask to lock it (#2149).
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/save.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/save.rs
index 6372b99d28..b27b953cfa 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/save.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/save.rs
@@ -76,6 +76,21 @@ impl PdfCraftApp {
         }
         let Some(doc) = self.session.get(id) else { return false };
         let (name, path) = (doc.name.clone(), doc.path.clone());
+        // After Apply redactions, Save asks where and proposes the name with `_Redacted`.
+        // In the web build a delivered step stays counted, so only the steps applied since the
+        // last delivery make Save ask where.
+        let redacted = self.views.get(index).is_some_and(|v| v.redactions_applied > 0);
+        let not_delivered = self.views.get(index).is_some_and(|v| v.redactions_applied > v.redactions_downloaded);
+        let name = if redacted { pdfcraft_engine::redacted_file_name(&name) } else { name };
+        // Undo past a saved Apply redactions brings back content that the file on disk has
+        // redacted: ask where instead of writing it over that file. In the web build a delivered
+        // step stays counted in `redactions_applied`, so fewer steps than were delivered means one
+        // was undone.
+        let unredacted = self.views.get(index).is_some_and(restores_saved_redactions);
+        // The restored content is not a redacted copy: propose the name without `_Redacted`, so
+        // the dialog's default is not the redacted file.
+        let name = if unredacted && !redacted { unredacted_file_name(&name) } else { name };
+        let target = if not_delivered || unredacted { SaveTarget::As } else { target };
         #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
         {
             let doc_path = path.clone();
@@ -92,6 +107,14 @@ impl PdfCraftApp {
                     let dialog = in_document_folder(dialog, doc_path.as_deref());
                     // The bytes are taken once the user has chosen, so edits made meanwhile are saved too.
                     self.ask_one(crate::pickers::Ask::Save(dialog), None, move |app, dest| {
+                        // An Apply redactions or an Undo of one while the dialog was open makes the
+                        // name it proposed wrong: ask again with the name for the current content.
+                        let asked = (redacted, unredacted);
+                        let changed = |v: &crate::DocView| v.id == id && (v.redactions_applied > 0, restores_saved_redactions(v)) != asked;
+                        if let Some(index) = app.views.iter().position(changed) {
+                            app.save_then(index, SaveTarget::As, after);
+                            return;
+                        }
                         app.save_doc_to_then(id, &dest.to_string_lossy(), target, Box::new(after));
                     });
                     return false;
@@ -129,6 +152,9 @@ impl PdfCraftApp {
                         && let Some(view) = self.views.get_mut(index)
                     {
                         view.document_changed(&doc.info);
+                        // `redactions_applied` stays set: the document keeps its name here, so
+                        // later downloads are named after the redacted copy too.
+                        view.redactions_downloaded = view.redactions_applied;
                     }
                     // The host reports where the file went (and any failure) itself.
                     if !to_host {
@@ -294,6 +320,9 @@ impl PdfCraftApp {
                 // Saving over a version that changed on disk keeps this one: nothing to ask.
                 for view in self.views.iter_mut().filter(|v| v.id == id) {
                     view.disk_changed = false;
+                    view.redactions_applied = 0;
+                    view.redactions_undone_after_save = 0;
+                    view.saved_redactions_cut_off = false;
                 }
                 self.notify_fmt("Saved {name}", &[("name", &short_name(dest))]);
                 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
@@ -332,6 +361,27 @@ pub(crate) fn is_mail_temp_copy(path: &str) -> bool {
         || p.contains("/library/containers/com.apple.mail/data/library/mail downloads/")
 }
 
+/// Whether `view` holds content that a saved or delivered Apply redactions removed: a saved step
+/// is undone, cannot be redone, or (in the web build) fewer steps are in effect than were
+/// delivered.
+fn restores_saved_redactions(view: &crate::DocView) -> bool {
+    view.redactions_undone_after_save > 0 || view.saved_redactions_cut_off || view.redactions_applied < view.redactions_downloaded
+}
+
+/// `name` without the `_Redacted` that [`pdfcraft_engine::redacted_file_name`] adds before the
+/// extension ("contract_Redacted.pdf" gives "contract.pdf"). Any other name is returned as it is.
+pub(crate) fn unredacted_file_name(name: &str) -> String {
+    let cut = name.len().saturating_sub(4);
+    let (stem, ext) = match (name.get(..cut), name.get(cut..)) {
+        (Some(stem), Some(ext)) if ext.eq_ignore_ascii_case(".pdf") => (stem, ext),
+        _ => (name, ""),
+    };
+    match stem.strip_suffix("_Redacted") {
+        Some(base) if !base.is_empty() => format!("{base}{ext}"),
+        _ => name.to_string(),
+    }
+}
+
 /// The folder a Save As style dialog should open in for a document stored at `path`: the
 /// document's own folder, as Acrobat and Foxit do, instead of whichever folder the system picks.
 /// `None` (keep the system's choice) for a new document, a path with no parent, or an email
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/tests.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/tests.rs
index c0e35329c0..b53ac49305 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/editing/tests.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,15 @@
-use super::{SaveTarget, is_mail_temp_copy, save_dialog_folder, write_atomically, write_atomically_syncing, write_atomically_with};
+use super::{
+    SaveTarget, is_mail_temp_copy, save_dialog_folder, unredacted_file_name, write_atomically, write_atomically_syncing, write_atomically_with,
+};
+
+#[test]
+fn restored_content_is_not_proposed_under_the_redacted_name() {
+    assert_eq!(unredacted_file_name("contract_Redacted.pdf"), "contract.pdf");
+    assert_eq!(unredacted_file_name("SCAN_Redacted.PDF"), "SCAN.PDF");
+    assert_eq!(unredacted_file_name("Untitled_Redacted"), "Untitled");
+    assert_eq!(unredacted_file_name("contract.pdf"), "contract.pdf");
+    assert_eq!(unredacted_file_name("_Redacted.pdf"), "_Redacted.pdf");
+}
 
 #[test]
 fn save_dialogs_open_in_the_documents_folder() {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/right.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/right.rs
index 868043d577..c215f2045f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/right.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/right.rs
@@ -49,7 +49,9 @@ pub fn right_panel(app: &mut PdfCraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
                     RightPanel::Bookmarks => ("Bookmarks", None),
                     RightPanel::Pages => ("Pages", Some(info.pages.len())),
                     RightPanel::Fields => ("Fields", Some(info.fields.len())),
-                    RightPanel::Layers => ("Layers", Some(info.layers.len())),
+                    RightPanel::Layers => {
+                        ("Layers", Some(info.layer_order.iter().filter(|r| matches!(r.item, pdfcraft_render::LayerItem::Layer(_))).count()))
+                    }
                     RightPanel::Attachments => ("Attachments", Some(info.attachments.len())),
                     RightPanel::Signatures => ("Signatures", Some(doc.signatures.iter().filter(|s| s.signed).count())),
                     RightPanel::Accessibility => ("Accessibility Checker", None),
@@ -234,8 +236,31 @@ pub fn right_panel(app: &mut PdfCraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
                     RightPanel::Layers => {
                         if info.layers.is_empty() {
                             empty(ui, &t, "layers", "This document has no layers.");
+                        } else if info.layer_order.is_empty() {
+                            // ISO 32000-2 Table 99: only the groups /Order lists are presented.
+                            empty(ui, &t, "layers", "This document lists no layers to show.");
                         }
-                        for (li, l) in info.layers.iter().enumerate() {
+                        // The default configuration's /Order, as a tree: a level is indented
+                        // 16 points, up to eight levels; a label is a heading, not a layer.
+                        for row in &info.layer_order {
+                            let indent = 16.0 * row.depth.min(8) as f32;
+                            let li = match &row.item {
+                                pdfcraft_render::LayerItem::Layer(li) => *li,
+                                pdfcraft_render::LayerItem::Label(label) => {
+                                    let (rect, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(ui.available_width(), 28.0), Sense::hover());
+                                    resp.widget_info(|| egui::WidgetInfo::labeled(egui::Role::Label, true, label));
+                                    crate::widgets::paint_left(
+                                        ui,
+                                        rect.left_center() + vec2(8.0 + indent, 0.0),
+                                        label,
+                                        theme::medium(12.0),
+                                        t.text_faint,
+                                        (rect.width() - 12.0 - indent).max(0.0),
+                                    );
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+                            };
+                            let Some(l) = info.layers.get(li) else { continue };
                             let (rect, resp) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(ui.available_width(), 32.0), Sense::click());
                             resp.widget_info(|| egui::WidgetInfo::selected(egui::Role::CheckBox, true, l.visible, &l.name));
                             let press = theme::Press::track(ui, &resp);
@@ -243,7 +268,7 @@ pub fn right_panel(app: &mut PdfCraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
                             let body = rect.translate(press.offset());
                             icons::paint(
                                 ui,
-                                Rect::from_min_size(body.min + vec2(4.0, 7.0), vec2(18.0, 18.0)),
+                                Rect::from_min_size(body.min + vec2(4.0 + indent, 7.0), vec2(18.0, 18.0)),
                                 if l.visible { "eye" } else { "eye-off" },
                                 16.0,
                                 t.icon,
@@ -251,11 +276,11 @@ pub fn right_panel(app: &mut PdfCraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
                             let fg = if l.visible { t.text } else { t.text_faint };
                             crate::widgets::paint_left(
                                 ui,
-                                body.left_center() + vec2(32.0, 0.0),
+                                body.left_center() + vec2(32.0 + indent, 0.0),
                                 &l.name,
                                 theme::regular(13.0),
                                 fg,
-                                (rect.width() - 40.0).max(0.0),
+                                (rect.width() - 40.0 - indent).max(0.0),
                             );
                             if theme::hand(resp).on_hover_text(if l.visible { tl!("Hide layer") } else { tl!("Show layer") }).clicked() {
                                 toggle_layer = Some((li, !l.visible));
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/tools/forms_ui.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/tools/forms_ui.rs
index 87018dc65c..934d116567 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/tools/forms_ui.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/tools/forms_ui.rs
@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 
 use egui::{Color32, CornerRadius, Pos2, Rect, Stroke, vec2};
+use pdfcraft_cos::ObjRef;
 use pdfcraft_engine::{Edit, FieldValue, FormField, FormFieldKind, FormWidget, field_flags, form_appearance};
 use pdfcraft_render::DocInfo;
 
-use crate::canvas::{DocView, PageToolContext, PageXform};
+use crate::canvas::{DocView, PageToolContext, PageXform, SignTab};
 use crate::page_cursor::Layer;
 use crate::page_pointer::PagePointer;
 use crate::page_router::{Hit, Owner, PagePress};
-use crate::theme::Tokens;
 
 const FOCUS_BLUE: Color32 = Color32::from_rgb(0x14, 0x73, 0xE6);
 /// Background of the in-place text field editor, the same in every theme.
@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ const FIELD_FILL: Color32 = Color32::from_rgb(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xF4);
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Focus {
     pub name: String,
+    /// The focused field's object. Same-name twins are one field (ISO 32000-2 §12.7.3.1) but come
+    /// as separate fields here, each with its own widgets and option order, and this says which
+    /// one has the focus. `None` goes by the name: the first field with it.
+    pub obj: Option<ObjRef>,
     /// Which of the field's widgets (a field can appear on several pages).
     pub widget: usize,
     /// Text being typed (text fields).
@@ -45,11 +49,30 @@ pub struct Focus {
     /// The text the calendar last saw, so it moves to a typed date once, when the typing becomes
     /// a whole date, and otherwise keeps the month its arrows turned to.
     pub calendar_text: Option<String>,
+    /// Drop-downs: where the open list is scrolled to and which item is current.
+    pub list: ChoiceList,
     /// Whether the text box had the keyboard at the end of the editor's last frame
     /// ([`crate::edit_text_ui::lost_focus_once`]).
     pub(crate) had_focus: bool,
 }
 
+/// A drop-down's open list: the first item shown, the item the keys or the pointer are on, and
+/// where on the scroll bar's thumb a drag took hold.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
+pub struct ChoiceList {
+    pub first: usize,
+    pub current: Option<usize>,
+    pub grab: Option<f32>,
+    /// Wheel movement not yet a whole row.
+    pub wheel: f32,
+    /// Where the pointer was last frame: only a pointer that moves makes the item under it
+    /// current, so a resting one keeps no claim on the highlight when the keys scroll the list
+    /// beneath it.
+    pub pointer_at: Option<egui::Pos2>,
+    /// Set on the first frame, from the field's value.
+    pub placed: bool,
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
 pub struct FormView {
     pub focus: Option<Focus>,
@@ -74,6 +97,10 @@ pub struct FormView {
     /// The widget holding egui's keyboard focus for the focused check box or radio button, and
     /// whether it takes the arrows (radio buttons). The page keys still work around it.
     pub(crate) keys: Option<(egui::Id, bool)>,
+    /// The list box row clicked last, without Shift: (its field name, the row). A Shift-click picks
+    /// the rows from it to the one clicked; the field's value can't say which row came last when
+    /// rows share an export value, and `/I` lists them in ascending order.
+    pub(crate) list_anchor: Option<(String, usize)>,
 }
 
 /// A form message for the app to show, with document data kept separate so the visible
@@ -287,9 +314,40 @@ pub(crate) fn draft_text(f: &FormField) -> String {
     value
 }
 
+impl Focus {
+    /// Whether this is the focus of widget `widget` of `f` (of that twin, for same-name fields).
+    fn is_on(&self, f: &FormField, widget: usize) -> bool {
+        self.name == f.name && self.widget == widget && self.obj.is_none_or(|o| o == f.obj)
+    }
+}
+
+/// The field `focus` is on: the twin with its field object, or else the first field with its name.
+pub(crate) fn focused_field<'a>(focus: &Focus, form: &'a [FormField]) -> Option<&'a FormField> {
+    focus.obj.and_then(|o| form.iter().find(|f| f.obj == o && f.name == focus.name)).or_else(|| form.iter().find(|f| f.name == focus.name))
+}
+
+/// The edit picking the options at `picked` (positions in `f`'s options) in the list box `f`.
+/// The edit names the field, and positions are read in the first field of that name: a same-name
+/// twin listing its options in another order gives its picks as positions there. One option
+/// missing there goes by export value.
+fn list_pick_edit(form: &[FormField], f: &FormField, picked: Vec<usize>) -> Edit {
+    let first = form.iter().find(|x| x.name == f.name).filter(|x| x.obj != f.obj);
+    let value = match first {
+        None => FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(picked),
+        Some(first) => match f.positions_in(first, &picked) {
+            Some(there) => FieldValue::ChoiceIndices(there),
+            None => FieldValue::Choice(picked.iter().filter_map(|&i| f.options.get(i)).map(|(e, _)| e.clone()).collect()),
+        },
+    };
+    Edit::SetFieldValue { name: f.name.clone(), value }
+}
+
+/// Editor state for opening widget `widget` of `f`: it starts from the field's value, asks
+/// for keyboard focus, and gives a drop-down a fresh list that places itself from that value.
 fn open_focus(f: &FormField, widget: usize) -> Focus {
     Focus {
         name: f.name.clone(),
+        obj: Some(f.obj),
         widget,
         text: draft_text(f),
         picked: f.value.clone(),
@@ -299,6 +357,7 @@ fn open_focus(f: &FormField, widget: usize) -> Focus {
         calendar: None,
         calendar_rect: None,
         calendar_text: None,
+        list: ChoiceList::default(),
         had_focus: false,
     }
 }
@@ -315,8 +374,16 @@ fn select_edit(f: &FormField, wi: usize) -> Option<Edit> {
 
 /// What clicking widget `wi` of a check box or radio button does.
 fn toggle_edit(f: &FormField, wi: usize) -> Option<Edit> {
+    let w = f.widgets.get(wi)?;
     let value = match f.kind {
-        FormFieldKind::CheckBox => FieldValue::Check(f.value.is_empty()),
+        // A check box's kids can have different on states (ISO 32000-2 §12.7.5.2.3, Table 230):
+        // clicking one that is off turns on its state (it, and any kid sharing that state, on;
+        // the others off); clicking one that is on turns the field off.
+        FormFieldKind::CheckBox => match &w.on_state {
+            Some(s) if !f.widget_on(wi) => FieldValue::Text(s.clone()),
+            Some(_) => FieldValue::Check(false),
+            None => FieldValue::Check(f.value.is_empty()),
+        },
         // Clicking the selected button again turns it off unless the group forbids it
         // (NoToggleToOff, Table 229).
         FormFieldKind::Radio if f.widget_on(wi) => {
@@ -331,6 +398,17 @@ fn toggle_edit(f: &FormField, wi: usize) -> Option<Edit> {
     Some(Edit::SetFieldValue { name: f.name.clone(), value })
 }
 
+/// The first shown widget of `f` on `page` under the pointer at `p`, with its index.
+fn widget_at<'a>(xf: &PageXform, info: &DocInfo, page: usize, f: &'a FormField, p: egui::Pos2) -> Option<(usize, &'a FormWidget)> {
+    f.widgets.iter().enumerate().find(|(_, w)| w.page == Some(page) && !w.hidden && widget_rect(xf, info, page, w.rect).contains(p))
+}
+
+/// The field whose sign tab is under `p`, of `tabs` in the order they are painted: where tabs
+/// overlap, the one painted last is on top.
+pub(crate) fn tab_under<'a>(tabs: &[(&'a str, SignTab)], p: egui::Pos2) -> Option<&'a str> {
+    tabs.iter().rev().find(|(_, tab)| tab.rect.contains(p)).map(|(name, _)| *name)
+}
+
 /// Whether `w`, a widget of `f`, takes a press: fillable, a push button with an action, or an
 /// empty signature field (signed by clicking it, Use a certificate). A radio button of a group can
 /// be read-only on its own.
@@ -340,19 +418,22 @@ fn usable(f: &FormField, w: &FormWidget, allowed: bool) -> bool {
 }
 
 /// The form widget under `p` on `page`: the one hit test of the fields, for the cursor and the
-/// press. Over the page's text too: a check box drawn with a glyph, or set on printed text, is a
-/// button, not text to select.
-pub(crate) fn hit(xf: &PageXform, info: &DocInfo, page: usize, form: &[FormField], allowed: bool, p: Pos2) -> Option<Hit> {
+/// press. It is the first widget under the pointer in the form's order, except on a sign tab
+/// (`tabs`, with the signature field each one signs), which is drawn over every field and so is
+/// on its own field. Over the page's text too: a check box drawn with a glyph, or set on printed
+/// text, is a button, not text to select.
+pub(crate) fn hit(xf: &PageXform, info: &DocInfo, page: usize, form: &[FormField], tabs: &[(&str, SignTab)], allowed: bool, p: Pos2) -> Option<Hit> {
     if !xf.rect.contains(p) {
         return None;
     }
-    let (field, f, widget, w) = form.iter().enumerate().find_map(|(fi, f)| {
-        f.widgets
-            .iter()
+    let under = |only: Option<&str>| {
+        form.iter()
             .enumerate()
-            .find(|(_, w)| w.page == Some(page) && !w.hidden && widget_rect(xf, info, page, w.rect).contains(p))
-            .map(|(wi, w)| (fi, f, wi, w))
-    })?;
+            .filter(|(_, f)| only.is_none_or(|name| f.name == name && f.kind == FormFieldKind::Signature))
+            .find_map(|(fi, f)| widget_at(xf, info, page, f, p).map(|(wi, w)| (fi, f, wi, w)))
+    };
+    // A tab lies inside its field's widget, so that widget is under the pointer too.
+    let (field, f, widget, w) = tab_under(tabs, p).and_then(|name| under(Some(name))).or_else(|| under(None))?;
     let icon = match (usable(f, w, allowed), f.kind) {
         (false, _) => egui::CursorIcon::NotAllowed,
         (true, FormFieldKind::Text) => egui::CursorIcon::Text,
@@ -392,7 +473,7 @@ pub(crate) fn page_input(
     if f.kind == FormFieldKind::Text
         && usable
         && let Some(at) = ptr.pressed()
-        && view.forms.focus.as_ref().is_none_or(|x| x.name != f.name || x.widget != wi)
+        && view.forms.focus.as_ref().is_none_or(|x| !x.is_on(f, wi))
     {
         commit(view, form);
         view.forms.focus = Some(Focus { press: Some(at), ..open_focus(f, wi) });
@@ -417,7 +498,7 @@ pub(crate) fn page_input(
         FormFieldKind::CheckBox | FormFieldKind::Radio => {
             // The box takes the focus, as in Acrobat, so Tab goes on from it (#2223). The overlay
             // toggles it, after the edit for any text this commits.
-            if view.forms.focus.as_ref().is_none_or(|x| x.name != f.name || x.widget != wi) {
+            if view.forms.focus.as_ref().is_none_or(|x| !x.is_on(f, wi)) {
                 commit(view, form);
                 view.forms.focus = Some(open_focus(f, wi));
             }
@@ -429,12 +510,12 @@ pub(crate) fn page_input(
         FormFieldKind::Text if ptr.pressed().is_none() => {
             // An editor opened by the press cannot be hit until a frame has laid it out: the
             // release lands on the page and would take its focus away.
-            if let Some(x) = view.forms.focus.as_mut().filter(|x| x.name == f.name && x.widget == wi) {
+            if let Some(x) = view.forms.focus.as_mut().filter(|x| x.is_on(f, wi)) {
                 x.request_focus = true;
             }
         }
         FormFieldKind::Text | FormFieldKind::Combo => {
-            if view.forms.focus.as_ref().is_none_or(|x| x.name != f.name || x.widget != wi) {
+            if view.forms.focus.as_ref().is_none_or(|x| !x.is_on(f, wi)) {
                 commit(view, form);
                 view.forms.focus = Some(open_focus(f, wi));
             }
@@ -448,31 +529,39 @@ pub(crate) fn page_input(
             let zoom = (r.height() as f64) / height_pt;
             let y_pt = (p.y - r.min.y) as f64 / zoom;
             let rows = w.list.unwrap_or(form_appearance::ListRows { top: 0, inset: 2.0, row: 12.0 * 1.15, size: 12.0 });
-            let picked_indices: Vec<usize> = f.value.iter().filter_map(|v| f.options.iter().position(|(e, _)| e == v)).collect();
-            let top = form_appearance::ListRows::top_showing(rows.top, &picked_indices, rows.visible(height_pt), f.options.len());
+            let top = form_appearance::ListRows::top_showing(rows.top, &f.selected, rows.visible(height_pt), f.options.len());
             if let Some(opt_idx) = rows.option_at(top, y_pt).filter(|&i| i < f.options.len()) {
-                let export = &f.options[opt_idx].0;
                 let ctrl = ui.input(|i| i.modifiers.command || i.modifiers.ctrl);
                 let shift = ui.input(|i| i.modifiers.shift);
                 let multi = f.has(field_flags::MULTI_SELECT);
-                let new_value = if multi && ctrl {
-                    let mut picked = f.value.clone();
-                    if let Some(pos) = picked.iter().position(|x| x == export) {
+                // Options by position: two options can share an export value (ISO 32000-2
+                // Table 234, `/I`), and the click picks the row, not the first option with its value.
+                let in_order = f.picked_in_order();
+                let picked: Vec<usize> = if multi && ctrl {
+                    let mut picked = in_order.clone();
+                    if let Some(pos) = picked.iter().position(|&x| x == opt_idx) {
                         picked.remove(pos);
                     } else {
-                        picked.push(export.clone());
+                        picked.push(opt_idx);
                     }
-                    FieldValue::Choice(picked)
-                } else if multi && shift && !f.value.is_empty() {
-                    let anchor = f.value.last().and_then(|last| f.options.iter().position(|(e, _)| e == last)).unwrap_or(opt_idx);
+                    picked
+                } else if multi
+                    && shift
+                    && let Some(anchor) =
+                        view.forms.list_anchor.as_ref().filter(|(name, _)| *name == f.name).map(|(_, row)| *row).or_else(|| in_order.last().copied())
+                {
                     let (min, max) = (anchor.min(opt_idx), anchor.max(opt_idx));
-                    let picked = f.options[min..=max].iter().map(|(e, _)| e.clone()).collect();
-                    FieldValue::Choice(picked)
+                    (min..=max).collect()
                 } else {
-                    FieldValue::Choice(vec![export.clone()])
+                    vec![opt_idx]
                 };
-                if new_value != FieldValue::Choice(f.value.clone()) {
-                    view.pending_edit = Some(Edit::SetFieldValue { name: f.name.clone(), value: new_value });
+                if !(multi && shift) {
+                    view.forms.list_anchor = Some((f.name.clone(), opt_idx));
+                }
+                // A single-select list holding an array is written as one value even when its shown
+                // row is clicked again.
+                if picked != in_order || f.single_value_is_array {
+                    view.pending_edit = Some(list_pick_edit(form, f, picked));
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -482,7 +571,7 @@ pub(crate) fn page_input(
 
 /// The edit the focused field's draft makes, if it differs from the field's value.
 pub(crate) fn draft_edit(focus: &Focus, form: &[FormField]) -> Option<Edit> {
-    let f = form.iter().find(|f| f.name == focus.name)?;
+    let f = focused_field(focus, form)?;
     let value = match f.kind {
         FormFieldKind::Text if f.value.first().map(String::as_str).unwrap_or("") != focus.text => FieldValue::Text(focus.text.clone()),
         // Typed into an editable combo box: a shown text picks its option, anything else is the
@@ -706,7 +795,7 @@ pub(crate) fn paint_page(
     for (fi, f) in form.iter().enumerate() {
         for (wi, w) in f.widgets.iter().enumerate().filter(|(_, w)| w.page == Some(page) && !w.hidden) {
             let r = widget_rect(xf, info, page, w.rect);
-            let focused = view.forms.focus.as_ref().is_some_and(|x| x.name == f.name && x.widget == wi);
+            let focused = view.forms.focus.as_ref().is_some_and(|x| x.is_on(f, wi));
             if focused {
                 painter.rect_stroke(r.expand(1.0), CornerRadius::same(2), Stroke::new(2.0, FOCUS_BLUE), egui::StrokeKind::Outside);
             }
@@ -715,10 +804,27 @@ pub(crate) fn paint_page(
             } else if fillable(f) && hovered == Some((fi, wi)) {
                 painter.rect_stroke(r, CornerRadius::same(1), Stroke::new(1.0, FOCUS_BLUE.gamma_multiply(0.8)), egui::StrokeKind::Outside);
             }
+            if f.kind == FormFieldKind::Combo && fillable(f) {
+                paint_drop_down_arrow(painter, r);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
+/// A drop-down's arrow at the right of its box, which says the field opens a list (its page
+/// appearance shows only the value). Drawn on screen only, not into the file.
+fn paint_drop_down_arrow(painter: &egui::Painter, r: Rect) {
+    let width = (r.height() * 0.45).clamp(5.0, 12.0);
+    let inset = (r.height() * 0.25).clamp(2.0, 6.0);
+    // Too narrow a box keeps its value visible instead.
+    if r.width() < width * 3.0 {
+        return;
+    }
+    let (x, y, half) = (r.max.x - inset - width / 2.0, r.center().y, width / 2.0);
+    let points = vec![egui::pos2(x - half, y - half / 2.0), egui::pos2(x + half, y - half / 2.0), egui::pos2(x, y + half / 2.0)];
+    painter.add(egui::Shape::convex_polygon(points, Color32::BLACK, Stroke::NONE));
+}
+
 /// The size, in points, a text field shows `text` at on screen: its `/DA` size, or for auto size
 /// (`0 Tf`) the page appearance's fit, measured in the font the screen draws with so the text
 /// stays inside the box (the interface font runs wider than the page's Helvetica).
@@ -806,19 +912,19 @@ fn paint_unbaked_widget(painter: &egui::Painter, xf: &PageXform, frame: TextFram
             let zoom = (xf.rect.width() / unrotated_w.max(1.0)) as f64;
             let rows = w.list.unwrap_or(form_appearance::ListRows { top: 0, inset: 2.0, row: 12.0 * 1.15, size: 12.0 });
             let height_pt = if matches!(w.rotation, 90 | 270) { (w.rect[2] - w.rect[0]).max(1.0) } else { (w.rect[3] - w.rect[1]).max(1.0) };
-            let picked_indices: Vec<usize> = f.value.iter().filter_map(|v| f.options.iter().position(|(e, _)| e == v)).collect();
-            let top = form_appearance::ListRows::top_showing(rows.top, &picked_indices, rows.visible(height_pt), f.options.len());
+            let top = form_appearance::ListRows::top_showing(rows.top, &f.selected, rows.visible(height_pt), f.options.len());
             let font_size = (rows.size * zoom).clamp(6.0, 64.0) as f32;
             let row_h = (rows.row * zoom) as f32;
             let inset = (rows.inset * zoom) as f32;
             let p = painter.with_clip_rect(r);
             let mut y = r.min.y + inset;
-            for (export, display) in f.options.iter().skip(top) {
+            for (i, (_, display)) in f.options.iter().enumerate().skip(top) {
                 if y + row_h > r.max.y {
                     break;
                 }
                 let row_rect = Rect::from_min_size(egui::pos2(r.min.x + 1.0, y), egui::vec2(r.width() - 2.0, row_h));
-                if f.value.contains(export) {
+                // By position: options can share an export value.
+                if f.selected.contains(&i) {
                     p.rect_filled(row_rect, CornerRadius::ZERO, Color32::from_rgb(0x99, 0xC0, 0xDC));
                 }
                 p.text(
@@ -834,7 +940,7 @@ fn paint_unbaked_widget(painter: &egui::Painter, xf: &PageXform, frame: TextFram
         FormFieldKind::CheckBox => {
             painter.rect_filled(r, CornerRadius::same(1), Color32::from_rgb(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xF4));
             painter.rect_stroke(r, CornerRadius::same(1), Stroke::new(1.0, Color32::from_gray(180)), egui::StrokeKind::Inside);
-            let checked = f.value.first().is_some_and(|v| v != "Off" && !v.is_empty());
+            let checked = if w.on_state.is_some() { f.widget_on(wi) } else { f.value.first().is_some_and(|v| v != "Off" && !v.is_empty()) };
             if checked {
                 let sz = (r.height() * 0.75).clamp(8.0, 32.0);
                 painter.text(r.center(), egui::Align2::CENTER_CENTER, "✔", egui::FontId::proportional(sz), Color32::BLACK);
@@ -931,7 +1037,7 @@ fn tab_to_next_field(
     // The next field that can be filled in, check boxes and radio buttons included (#2223), in
     // the document's tab order (each page's /Tabs: rows, columns or structure), wrapping.
     let order = tab_order(form, info);
-    let exact = order.iter().position(|(fi, wi)| form.get(*fi).is_some_and(|x| x.name == f.name && *wi == widget));
+    let exact = order.iter().position(|(fi, wi)| form.get(*fi).is_some_and(|x| x.obj == f.obj && *wi == widget));
     let same_field = order.iter().position(|(fi, _)| form.get(*fi).is_some_and(|x| x.name == f.name));
     let next_after_removed = if exact.is_none() && same_field.is_none() {
         form.iter().position(|field| field.name == f.name).and_then(|fi| {
@@ -1010,7 +1116,7 @@ pub(crate) fn overlay(
     let toggle = std::mem::take(&mut view.forms.toggle);
     view.forms.keys = None;
     let focus = view.forms.focus.clone()?;
-    let Some(f) = form.iter().find(|f| f.name == focus.name) else {
+    let Some(f) = focused_field(&focus, form) else {
         view.forms.focus = None;
         return None;
     };
@@ -1031,7 +1137,6 @@ pub(crate) fn overlay(
     // winit reports Windows pen input as touch), which clears `hover_pos`.
     let clicked_outside = || ctx.input(|i| i.pointer.any_click() && !i.pointer.interact_pos().is_some_and(|p| rect.contains(p)));
     let zoom = xf.zoom();
-    let t = Tokens::get(ctx);
     let mut edit = None;
     let mut close = false;
     let mut next: Option<bool> = None; // Tab / Shift+Tab
@@ -1126,7 +1231,8 @@ pub(crate) fn overlay(
         }
         FormFieldKind::Combo => {
             // An editable combo box has a text box over the field as well as its list (ISO
-            // 32000-2 Table 233, Edit).
+            // 32000-2 Table 233, Edit); the keys are the text box's then, and the list takes
+            // the pointer.
             if editable_combo(f) {
                 combo_editor(
                     ctx,
@@ -1134,24 +1240,16 @@ pub(crate) fn overlay(
                     ComboEditor { form, field: f, widget: w, rect, frame: TextFrame::of(&xf, info, page, w, rect), zoom, index: focus.widget },
                 );
             }
-            let resp = egui::Area::new(egui::Id::unique(("form-choices", view.view_key())))
-                .order(egui::Order::Foreground)
-                .fixed_pos(rect.left_bottom() + vec2(0.0, 2.0))
-                .show(ctx, |ui| {
-                    egui::Frame::popup(ui.style()).show(ui, |ui| {
-                        ui.set_min_width(rect.width().max(160.0));
-                        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(&f.name).small().color(t.text_faint));
-                        egui::ScrollArea::vertical().max_height(260.0).show(ui, |ui| {
-                            for (export, display) in &f.options {
-                                let on = f.value.first() == Some(export);
-                                if ui.selectable_label(on, display).clicked() {
-                                    edit = Some(Edit::SetFieldValue { name: f.name.clone(), value: FieldValue::Choice(vec![export.clone()]) });
-                                    close = true;
-                                }
-                            }
-                        });
-                    });
-                });
+            let mut st = view.forms.focus.as_ref().map(|x| x.list).unwrap_or_default();
+            let list = DropDownList { view: view.view_key(), field: f, widget: w, rect, zoom, keys: !editable_combo(f) };
+            let (chosen, resp) = choice_list(ctx, list, &mut st);
+            if let Some(fx) = view.forms.focus.as_mut() {
+                fx.list = st;
+            }
+            if let Some((export, _)) = chosen.and_then(|i| f.options.get(i)) {
+                edit = Some(Edit::SetFieldValue { name: f.name.clone(), value: FieldValue::Choice(vec![export.clone()]) });
+                close = true;
+            }
             let clicked_away = !resp.response.contains_pointer() && clicked_outside();
             let (tab, shift) = ctx.input(|i| (i.key_pressed(egui::Key::Tab), i.modifiers.shift));
             if ctx.input(|i| i.key_pressed(egui::Key::Escape)) {
@@ -1179,11 +1277,12 @@ pub(crate) fn overlay(
             } else if tab {
                 next = Some(!shift);
             } else if (up || down) && !f.options.is_empty() {
-                let current_idx = f.value.last().and_then(|v| f.options.iter().position(|(e, _)| e == v)).unwrap_or(0);
-                let next_idx = if up { current_idx.saturating_sub(1) } else { (current_idx + 1).min(f.options.len().saturating_sub(1)) };
+                let current_idx = f.picked_in_order().last().copied().unwrap_or(0);
+                let next_idx = if up { current_idx.saturating_sub(1) } else { current_idx.saturating_add(1).min(f.options.len().saturating_sub(1)) };
                 if next_idx != current_idx && next_idx < f.options.len() {
-                    let export = f.options[next_idx].0.clone();
-                    edit = Some(Edit::SetFieldValue { name: f.name.clone(), value: FieldValue::Choice(vec![export]) });
+                    // By position, so the arrows step through options that share an export value,
+                    // in the focused twin's own order.
+                    edit = Some(list_pick_edit(form, f, vec![next_idx]));
                 }
             }
             if clicked_outside() {
@@ -1250,6 +1349,202 @@ pub(crate) fn overlay(
     edit.or_else(|| view.pending_edit.take())
 }
 
+/// Where a drop-down's open list ([`choice_list`]) goes and what it lists.
+struct DropDownList<'a> {
+    /// The document view's pane key, which the list's own ids are made from.
+    view: u64,
+    field: &'a FormField,
+    widget: &'a FormWidget,
+    /// The field's rectangle on screen; the list opens under it.
+    rect: Rect,
+    zoom: f32,
+    /// Whether the list takes the arrow keys and Enter: not for an editable combo box, whose
+    /// text box has them.
+    keys: bool,
+}
+
+/// Items a drop-down's list shows before it scrolls.
+const LIST_ROWS: usize = 9;
+
+/// A drop-down's open list, under the field and drawn like it, as other viewers draw theirs: as
+/// wide as the box, its items in the field's text size and alignment, black on white with a blue
+/// highlight that follows the pointer and the arrow keys, and a scroll bar with step buttons when
+/// there are more than nine items. Returns the item chosen (a click, or Enter on the current one)
+/// and the list's response. With `keys` off (an editable combo box, whose text box has the keys)
+/// only the pointer moves through and picks from it.
+fn choice_list(ctx: &egui::Context, list: DropDownList<'_>, st: &mut ChoiceList) -> (Option<usize>, egui::InnerResponse<()>) {
+    let DropDownList { view, field: f, widget: w, rect, zoom, keys } = list;
+    let n = f.options.len();
+    let shown = n.min(LIST_ROWS);
+    let max_first = n.saturating_sub(shown);
+    // Auto-sized text is fitted to what the field shows (its chosen item's shown name), so the
+    // list's items come out at the size the field's value is drawn at.
+    let value_text = f.value.first().map_or("", |v| f.options.iter().find(|(e, _)| e == v).map_or(v.as_str(), |(_, d)| d.as_str()));
+    let size = (field_text_size(&ctx.layer_painter(egui::LayerId::background()), f, w, value_text) * zoom).clamp(6.0, 48.0);
+    let row = (size * 1.45).round().max(8.0);
+    let bar = if n > shown { (row * 0.7).round().clamp(12.0, 22.0) } else { 0.0 };
+    let width = rect.width().max(24.0 + bar);
+    if !st.placed {
+        st.current = f.value.first().and_then(|v| f.options.iter().position(|(e, _)| e == v));
+        st.first = st.current.map_or(0, |c| c.min(max_first));
+        st.placed = true;
+    }
+    // Consumed, so the keys move through the list rather than the page.
+    let key = |k| keys && ctx.input_mut(|i| i.consume_key(egui::Modifiers::NONE, k));
+    let moved = if n == 0 {
+        None
+    } else if key(egui::Key::ArrowUp) {
+        Some(st.current.map_or(0, |c| c.saturating_sub(1)))
+    } else if key(egui::Key::ArrowDown) {
+        Some(st.current.map_or(0, |c| (c + 1).min(n - 1)))
+    } else if key(egui::Key::PageUp) {
+        Some(st.current.map_or(0, |c| c.saturating_sub(shown)))
+    } else if key(egui::Key::PageDown) {
+        Some(st.current.map_or(0, |c| (c + shown).min(n - 1)))
+    } else if key(egui::Key::Home) {
+        Some(0)
+    } else if key(egui::Key::End) {
+        Some(n - 1)
+    } else {
+        None
+    };
+    if let Some(m) = moved {
+        st.current = Some(m);
+        st.first = if m < st.first {
+            m
+        } else if m >= st.first + shown {
+            m + 1 - shown
+        } else {
+            st.first
+        };
+    }
+    let mut chosen = key(egui::Key::Enter).then_some(st.current).flatten();
+    let align = match f.quadding {
+        1 => egui::Align::Center,
+        2 => egui::Align::Max,
+        _ => egui::Align::Min,
+    };
+    let resp =
+        egui::Area::new(egui::Id::unique(("form-choices", view))).order(egui::Order::Foreground).fixed_pos(rect.left_bottom()).show(ctx, |ui| {
+            let (outer, area) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(width, shown as f32 * row + 2.0), egui::Sense::hover());
+            let p = ui.painter();
+            // The list is drawn as the form's own, a white list in the field's font with a blue
+            // highlight, in light and dark themes alike, so its colors are fixed, not the app's tokens.
+            p.rect_filled(outer, CornerRadius::ZERO, Color32::WHITE);
+            // The wheel scrolls the list, a row at a time, and not the page under it.
+            if area.contains_pointer() && n > shown {
+                st.wheel += ctx.input(|i| i.smooth_scroll_delta.y);
+                ctx.input_mut(|i| i.smooth_scroll_delta = egui::Vec2::ZERO);
+                let steps = (st.wheel / row).trunc();
+                if steps != 0.0 {
+                    st.wheel -= steps * row;
+                    st.first = (st.first as f32 - steps).clamp(0.0, max_first as f32) as usize;
+                }
+            }
+            let pointer = ctx.input(|i| i.pointer.hover_pos());
+            let pointer_moved = pointer != st.pointer_at;
+            let font = egui::FontId::proportional(size);
+            for k in 0..shown {
+                let i = st.first + k;
+                let Some((_, display)) = f.options.get(i) else { break };
+                let r = Rect::from_min_size(outer.min + vec2(1.0, 1.0 + k as f32 * row), vec2(width - 2.0 - bar, row));
+                let item = ui.interact(r, ui.scope_id().with(("choice", i)), egui::Sense::click());
+                item.widget_info(|| egui::WidgetInfo::selected(egui::Role::Button, true, st.current == Some(i), display));
+                if item.hovered() && pointer_moved {
+                    st.current = Some(i);
+                }
+                if item.clicked() {
+                    chosen = Some(i);
+                }
+                let on = st.current == Some(i);
+                if on {
+                    p.rect_filled(r, CornerRadius::ZERO, Color32::from_rgb(0x1F, 0x65, 0xD6));
+                }
+                let galley = p.layout_no_wrap(display.clone(), font.clone(), if on { Color32::WHITE } else { Color32::BLACK });
+                let inner = r.shrink2(vec2(3.0, 0.0));
+                let x = match align {
+                    egui::Align::Center => inner.center().x - galley.size().x / 2.0,
+                    egui::Align::Max => inner.max.x - galley.size().x,
+                    egui::Align::Min => inner.min.x,
+                };
+                p.with_clip_rect(r).galley(egui::pos2(x, r.center().y - galley.size().y / 2.0), galley, Color32::BLACK);
+            }
+            st.pointer_at = pointer;
+            if bar > 0.0 {
+                scroll_bar(ui, Rect::from_min_max(egui::pos2(outer.max.x - 1.0 - bar, outer.min.y + 1.0), outer.max - vec2(1.0, 1.0)), shown, n, st);
+            }
+            p.rect_stroke(outer, CornerRadius::ZERO, Stroke::new(1.0, Color32::BLACK), egui::StrokeKind::Inside);
+        });
+    (chosen, resp)
+}
+
+/// A list's classic scroll bar: step buttons at each end, a thumb sized to the share of the
+/// items shown that can be dragged, and a track that pages when clicked.
+fn scroll_bar(ui: &egui::Ui, track: Rect, shown: usize, n: usize, st: &mut ChoiceList) {
+    let max_first = n.saturating_sub(shown);
+    if max_first == 0 {
+        return;
+    }
+    let side = track.width();
+    let up = Rect::from_min_size(track.min, vec2(side, side));
+    let down = Rect::from_min_max(egui::pos2(track.min.x, track.max.y - side), track.max);
+    let trough = Rect::from_min_max(egui::pos2(track.min.x, up.max.y), egui::pos2(track.max.x, down.min.y));
+    let thumb_len = (trough.height() * shown as f32 / n as f32).max(side * 0.75).min(trough.height());
+    let travel = (trough.height() - thumb_len).max(1.0);
+    let thumb_at = |first: usize| trough.min.y + travel * first as f32 / max_first as f32;
+    let id = ui.scope_id().with("choice-bar");
+    let p = ui.painter();
+    p.rect_filled(track, CornerRadius::ZERO, Color32::from_gray(240));
+    for (r, step, pointing_up) in [(up, -1i64, true), (down, 1, false)] {
+        let b = ui.interact(r, id.with(pointing_up), egui::Sense::click());
+        if b.clicked() {
+            st.first = (st.first as i64 + step).clamp(0, max_first as i64) as usize;
+        }
+        p.rect_filled(r.shrink(1.0), CornerRadius::ZERO, if b.hovered() { Color32::from_gray(205) } else { Color32::from_gray(222) });
+        p.rect_stroke(r.shrink(1.0), CornerRadius::ZERO, Stroke::new(1.0, Color32::from_gray(150)), egui::StrokeKind::Inside);
+        let (c, h) = (r.center(), (side * 0.18).max(2.0));
+        let tip = if pointing_up { -h } else { h };
+        let points = vec![egui::pos2(c.x - h * 1.4, c.y - tip / 2.0), egui::pos2(c.x + h * 1.4, c.y - tip / 2.0), egui::pos2(c.x, c.y + tip / 2.0)];
+        p.add(egui::Shape::convex_polygon(points, Color32::from_gray(40), Stroke::NONE));
+    }
+    let thumb = Rect::from_min_size(egui::pos2(trough.min.x, thumb_at(st.first)), vec2(side, thumb_len));
+    let t = ui.interact(thumb, id.with("thumb"), egui::Sense::drag());
+    let pointer = ui.input(|i| i.pointer.interact_pos());
+    // The primary button only: a right-button drag moves nothing (AGENTS.md "Page presses").
+    if t.drag_started_by(egui::PointerButton::Primary) {
+        st.grab = pointer.map(|q| q.y - thumb.min.y);
+    }
+    if t.dragged()
+        && let (Some(q), Some(grab)) = (pointer, st.grab)
+    {
+        let share = ((q.y - grab - trough.min.y) / travel).clamp(0.0, 1.0);
+        st.first = (share * max_first as f32).round() as usize;
+    }
+    if t.drag_stopped() {
+        st.grab = None;
+    }
+    let page = ui.interact(trough, id.with("trough"), egui::Sense::click());
+    if page.clicked()
+        && let Some(q) = pointer
+        && !thumb.contains(q)
+    {
+        st.first = if q.y < thumb.min.y { st.first.saturating_sub(shown) } else { (st.first + shown).min(max_first) };
+    }
+    let thumb = Rect::from_min_size(egui::pos2(trough.min.x, thumb_at(st.first)), vec2(side, thumb_len)).shrink2(vec2(1.0, 0.5));
+    p.rect_filled(thumb, CornerRadius::ZERO, if t.dragged() || t.hovered() { Color32::from_gray(176) } else { Color32::from_gray(196) });
+    p.rect_stroke(thumb, CornerRadius::ZERO, Stroke::new(1.0, Color32::from_gray(140)), egui::StrokeKind::Inside);
+    // Grip lines across the middle of the thumb.
+    if thumb.height() > side {
+        for k in -1..=1 {
+            let y = thumb.center().y + k as f32 * 3.0;
+            p.line_segment(
+                [egui::pos2(thumb.min.x + side * 0.3, y), egui::pos2(thumb.max.x - side * 0.3, y)],
+                Stroke::new(1.0, Color32::from_gray(120)),
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Where a field's widget is on screen (tests and automation).
 pub fn field_screen_rect(view: &DocView, info: &DocInfo, f: &FormField, widget: usize) -> Option<Rect> {
     let w = f.widgets.get(widget)?;
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/tools/link_ui.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/tools/link_ui.rs
index 6249288c4d..2e02b89239 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/tools/link_ui.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/tools/link_ui.rs
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ pub(crate) fn hit(xf: &PageXform, info: &DocInfo, page: usize, links: &[LinkItem
         let index = links.iter().rfind(|l| l.page == page && screen_rect(xf, info, page, l.rect).expand(LINK_TOOL_MARGIN).contains(p))?.index;
         (index, info.links.iter().find(|l| l.page == page && l.index == index))
     } else {
-        let link = info.links.iter().rfind(|l| l.page == page && xf.user_rect(info, page, l.rect).contains(p))?;
+        let link = info.links.iter().rfind(|l| l.page == page && xf.link_contains(info, page, l, p))?;
         (link.index, Some(link))
     };
     let tip = link.map(|l| target_label(info, &l.target));
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/comments.rs b/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/comments.rs
index 67ea715fc2..502c1cc34e 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/comments.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/comments.rs
@@ -3556,6 +3556,28 @@ fn an_upright_comment_on_a_turned_page_is_drawn_where_it_goes_before_release() {
     h.run_steps(3);
 }
 
+/// The selection bar stays inside the pages' area: its place was worked out for a 520 pt bar,
+/// so longer labels (German here) pushed it over the side panel next to a selection on the right.
+#[test]
+fn the_selection_bar_stays_inside_the_pages_area() {
+    let mut h = harness(|app| app.set_option("language", "de").unwrap());
+    // Narrower than the harness, as with a side panel open.
+    h.set_size(egui::vec2(1100.0, 900.0));
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    // The rightmost glyph of "The quick brown fox": the bar opens at its left.
+    let last = (0..64).filter_map(|i| h.state().views[0].glyph_screen_pos(0, i).map(|p| (i, p.x))).max_by(|a, b| a.1.total_cmp(&b.1)).unwrap().0;
+    h.state_mut().views[0].select_text(0, last, last);
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    let viewport = h.state().views[0].viewport_rect();
+    // The bar's whole area, frame included, not only its first and last buttons.
+    let id = egui::Id::unique(("text-selection-actions", h.state().views[0].view_key()));
+    let bar = h.ctx.memory(|m| m.area_rect(id)).expect("the selection bar is shown");
+    // The bar opens at the selection's left edge: past the area's right edge, without the clamp.
+    let anchor = h.state().views[0].glyph_screen_rect(0, last).unwrap().left();
+    assert!(anchor + bar.width() > viewport.right(), "selection at {anchor}, bar {} wide, area {viewport:?}", bar.width());
+    assert!(viewport.contains_rect(bar), "bar {bar:?} inside {viewport:?}");
+}
+
 /// `n` pages with one comment each, "Card 1" to "Card n".
 fn one_comment_per_page(n: usize) -> Vec<u8> {
     let mut objs = vec!["<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >>".to_string()];
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/document_links.rs b/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/document_links.rs
index 982099aaf9..ec82830f53 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/document_links.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/document_links.rs
@@ -1038,3 +1038,61 @@ fn a_drag_from_an_address_in_the_page_text_selects_it() {
     assert!(selected.as_deref().is_some_and(|t| t.starts_with("tp")), "the drag selects the address's text: {selected:?}");
     assert_eq!(h.state().pending_link, None, "a drag opens nothing");
 }
+
+/// One 300×400 page with two links (ISO 32000-2 §12.5.6.5, §12.6.4.8): at y 300..350 a relative
+/// address the catalog's `/URI /Base` resolves, and at y 200..250 a link whose `/Rect` spans the
+/// page but whose `/QuadPoints` cover only x 50..120.
+fn base_and_quads_fixture() -> Vec<u8> {
+    let objs = [
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /URI << /Base (https://example.org/base/) >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 300 400] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [4 0 R 5 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /Rect [50 300 250 350] /Border [0 0 0] /A << /S /URI /URI (page.html) >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /Rect [50 200 250 250] /QuadPoints [50 200 120 200 120 250 50 250] /Border [0 0 0] /A << /S /URI /URI (https://example.org/first-word) >> >>",
+    ];
+    let mut out = b"%PDF-1.7\n".to_vec();
+    let mut offs = Vec::new();
+    for (i, o) in objs.iter().enumerate() {
+        offs.push(out.len());
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{} 0 obj\n{o}\nendobj\n", i + 1).as_bytes());
+    }
+    let x = out.len();
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("xref\n0 {}\n0000000000 65535 f \n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    for o in offs {
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{o:010} 00000 n \n").as_bytes());
+    }
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("trailer\n<< /Size {} /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{x}\n%%EOF\n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    out
+}
+
+/// A relative link opens at the address the document's base gives it, through the usual
+/// confirmation; a link is active only in its `/QuadPoints`, not over the rest of its `/Rect`.
+#[test]
+fn relative_links_use_the_base_and_quad_points_limit_where_a_link_is_active() {
+    let _gpu = gpu();
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(|_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_bytes("base.pdf", None, base_and_quads_fixture()).unwrap();
+        app.set_option("left", "closed").unwrap();
+        app.set_option("panel", "none").unwrap();
+        app.set_option("zoom", "150").unwrap();
+        app
+    });
+    h.run_steps(8);
+    click_link(&mut h);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().pending_link, pending("https://example.org/base/page.html", LinkOrigin::Link));
+    h.get_by_label("Cancel").click();
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    let point = |h: &Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>, x: f32, y: f32| {
+        let r = h.state().views[0].page_screen_rect(0).expect("page 1 on screen");
+        egui::pos2(r.min.x + r.width() * (x / 300.0), r.min.y + r.height() * (1.0 - y / 400.0))
+    };
+    // Inside /Rect, outside the quadrilateral: nothing.
+    let away = point(&h, 200.0, 225.0);
+    click_at(&mut h, away);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().pending_link, None, "the rest of /Rect is not the link");
+    let on = point(&h, 80.0, 225.0);
+    click_at(&mut h, on);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().pending_link, pending("https://example.org/first-word", LinkOrigin::Link));
+}
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs b/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs
index 6b4dd83c81..ff302aa3c4 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs
@@ -1450,6 +1450,145 @@ fn list_box_clicks_select_directly_and_ctrl_click_toggles_multi() {
     assert_eq!(value(&h, "ListMulti"), ["Tue", "Thu"], "Ctrl-clicking Thu toggled it on, keeping Tue");
 }
 
+/// The selected option positions of `name` (`/I`, or `/V` without a usable one).
+fn selected(h: &Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>, name: &str) -> Vec<usize> {
+    let s = h.state();
+    s.session.get(s.views[0].id).unwrap().form.iter().find(|f| f.name == name).unwrap().selected.clone()
+}
+
+/// ISO 32000-2 Table 234: `/I` tells apart options that share an export value. A list box whose
+/// One-A and One-B both export `1` shows the one `/I` names, and a click picks the row clicked:
+/// `/V (1)` with `/I` naming it, so the pick survives a save and reopen.
+#[test]
+fn a_list_box_click_picks_one_of_two_options_with_the_same_export_value() {
+    let bytes = pdf_from_objects(&[
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm << /Fields [4 0 R] /NeedAppearances true /DA (/Helv 10 Tf 0 g) /DR << /Font << /Helv 5 0 R >> >> >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 400 400] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [4 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (dup) /Opt [[(1) (One-A)] [(1) (One-B)] [(2) (Two)]] /V (1) /I [1] /Rect [50 250 200 320] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >>",
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >>",
+    ]);
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(|_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_bytes("dup.pdf", None, bytes).unwrap();
+        app.set_option("left", "closed").unwrap();
+        app.set_option("zoom", "100").unwrap();
+        app
+    });
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    assert_eq!(selected(&h, "dup"), [1], "One-B is selected, not One-A too");
+
+    let r = {
+        let s = h.state();
+        let doc = s.session.get(s.views[0].id).unwrap();
+        let f = doc.form.iter().find(|f| f.name == "dup").unwrap();
+        pdfcraft_ui_egui::forms_ui::field_screen_rect(&s.views[0], &doc.info, f, 0).expect("on screen")
+    };
+    let zoom = r.height() / 70.0;
+    // Row 0 (One-A), then row 1 (One-B): each click changes the selection though /V stays (1).
+    click_at(&mut h, egui::pos2(r.center().x, r.min.y + 8.0 * zoom));
+    assert_eq!(value(&h, "dup"), ["1"]);
+    assert_eq!(selected(&h, "dup"), [0], "clicking One-A picks One-A");
+    click_at(&mut h, egui::pos2(r.center().x, r.min.y + 19.0 * zoom));
+    assert_eq!(selected(&h, "dup"), [1], "clicking One-B picks One-B again");
+    click_at(&mut h, egui::pos2(r.center().x, r.min.y + 8.0 * zoom));
+    assert_eq!(selected(&h, "dup"), [0]);
+
+    let dir = scratch("duplicate-exports");
+    let out = dir.join("saved.pdf");
+    h.state_mut().save_override = Some(out.to_string_lossy().into_owned());
+    h.key_press_modifiers(egui::Modifiers::COMMAND, egui::Key::S);
+    wait_for_file(&mut h, &out);
+    let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+    app.open_bytes("saved.pdf", None, std::fs::read(&out).unwrap()).unwrap();
+    let reopened = app.session.get(app.views[0].id).unwrap().form.iter().find(|f| f.name == "dup").unwrap().clone();
+    assert_eq!(reopened.value, ["1"], "/V is the one export value");
+    assert_eq!(reopened.selected, [0], "/I keeps One-A through the save");
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
+
+/// Same-name list boxes are one field (ISO 32000-2 §12.7.3.1), and a twin can list the options
+/// sharing an export value in another order: clicking One-B in the second gives both One-B, not
+/// the option at the same position in the first.
+#[test]
+fn a_click_in_a_twin_list_box_with_options_in_another_order_picks_the_row_clicked() {
+    let bytes = pdf_from_objects(&[
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm << /Fields [4 0 R 6 0 R] /NeedAppearances true /DA (/Helv 10 Tf 0 g) /DR << /Font << /Helv 5 0 R >> >> >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 400 400] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [4 0 R 6 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (dup) /Opt [[(1) (One-A)] [(1) (One-B)] [(2) (Two)]] /Rect [50 250 200 320] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >>",
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (dup) /Opt [[(1) (One-B)] [(1) (One-A)] [(2) (Two)]] /Rect [50 100 200 170] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >>",
+    ]);
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(|_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_bytes("twins.pdf", None, bytes).unwrap();
+        app.set_option("left", "closed").unwrap();
+        app.set_option("zoom", "100").unwrap();
+        app
+    });
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    let twins = |h: &Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>| -> Vec<Vec<usize>> {
+        let s = h.state();
+        s.session.get(s.views[0].id).unwrap().form.iter().filter(|f| f.name == "dup").map(|f| f.selected.clone()).collect()
+    };
+    let r = {
+        let s = h.state();
+        let doc = s.session.get(s.views[0].id).unwrap();
+        let f = doc.form.iter().filter(|f| f.name == "dup").nth(1).unwrap();
+        pdfcraft_ui_egui::forms_ui::field_screen_rect(&s.views[0], &doc.info, f, 0).expect("on screen")
+    };
+    let zoom = r.height() / 70.0;
+    // Row 0 of the second list box: One-B.
+    click_at(&mut h, egui::pos2(r.center().x, r.min.y + 8.0 * zoom));
+    assert_eq!(value(&h, "dup"), ["1"]);
+    assert_eq!(twins(&h), [vec![1], vec![0]], "One-B in both: second in the first, first in the twin");
+    // The arrows step through the focused twin's own rows: ↓ from One-B there is One-A, which is
+    // first in the first field, not Two (the row after One-B in the first field).
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::ArrowDown);
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(twins(&h), [vec![0], vec![1]], "One-A in both after ↓ in the twin");
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::ArrowUp);
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(twins(&h), [vec![1], vec![0]], "back to One-B after ↑ in the twin");
+}
+
+/// ISO 32000-2 Table 233: a list box without MultiSelect selects "at most one item". Given
+/// `/V [(TW) (JP)]` it shows Taiwan alone, and a click writes the one option clicked.
+#[test]
+fn a_single_select_list_box_given_two_values_shows_and_takes_one() {
+    let bytes = pdf_from_objects(&[
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm << /Fields [4 0 R] /NeedAppearances true /DA (/Helv 10 Tf 0 g) /DR << /Font << /Helv 5 0 R >> >> >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 400 400] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [4 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (pair) /Opt [[(TW) (Taiwan)] [(JP) (Japan)] [(US) (United States)]] /V [(TW) (JP)] /Rect [50 250 200 320] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >>",
+        "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >>",
+    ]);
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(|_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_bytes("pair.pdf", None, bytes).unwrap();
+        app.set_option("left", "closed").unwrap();
+        app.set_option("zoom", "100").unwrap();
+        app
+    });
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    assert_eq!((value(&h, "pair"), selected(&h, "pair")), (vec!["TW".to_string()], vec![0]), "Taiwan alone");
+
+    let r = {
+        let s = h.state();
+        let doc = s.session.get(s.views[0].id).unwrap();
+        let f = doc.form.iter().find(|f| f.name == "pair").unwrap();
+        pdfcraft_ui_egui::forms_ui::field_screen_rect(&s.views[0], &doc.info, f, 0).expect("on screen")
+    };
+    let zoom = r.height() / 70.0;
+    // Row 1 (Japan), which /V also named: clicking it makes it the one value.
+    click_at(&mut h, egui::pos2(r.center().x, r.min.y + 19.0 * zoom));
+    assert_eq!((value(&h, "pair"), selected(&h, "pair")), (vec!["JP".to_string()], vec![1]));
+}
+
 /// Auto-size (`0 Tf`, inherited from the AcroForm) single-line and multiline fields, and a fixed 10 pt one.
 fn auto_size_form() -> Vec<u8> {
     pdf_from_objects(&[
@@ -1896,3 +2035,474 @@ fn a_read_only_radio_button_is_focused_but_not_selected() {
     click_field(&mut h, "size", 1);
     assert_eq!((value(&h, "size"), toast(&h)), (vec!["S".to_string()], Some("size is read-only".to_string())), "nor does a click");
 }
+
+/// Check box fields of two kids each: `pair` with the on states A and B, `same` with Yes twice.
+fn check_box_kids() -> Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp> {
+    let kid = |parent: u32, y: u32, x: u32, state: &str| {
+        format!(
+            "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /Parent {parent} 0 R /AS /Off /Rect [{x} {y} {} {}] /P 3 0 R /F 4 /AP << /N << /{state} 5 0 R /Off 5 0 R >> >> >>",
+            x + 16,
+            y + 16
+        )
+    };
+    let objs = [
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm << /Fields [6 0 R 9 0 R] /DA (/Helv 0 Tf 0 g) >> >>".to_string(),
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 300 400] >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [7 0 R 8 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R] >>".into(),
+        "<< >>".into(),
+        "<< /Type /XObject /Subtype /Form /BBox [0 0 16 16] /Length 0 >>\nstream\n\nendstream".into(),
+        "<< /FT /Btn /T (pair) /V /Off /Kids [7 0 R 8 0 R] >>".into(),
+        kid(6, 350, 20, "A"),
+        kid(6, 350, 60, "B"),
+        "<< /FT /Btn /T (same) /V /Off /Kids [10 0 R 11 0 R] >>".into(),
+        kid(9, 300, 20, "Yes"),
+        kid(9, 300, 60, "Yes"),
+    ];
+    let objs: Vec<&str> = objs.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
+    let bytes = pdf_from_objects(&objs);
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(|_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_bytes("kids.pdf", None, bytes).unwrap();
+        app.set_option("left", "closed").unwrap();
+        app.set_option("zoom", "150").unwrap();
+        app
+    });
+    h.run_steps(6);
+    h
+}
+
+/// ISO 32000-2 §12.7.5.2.3: a check box field's value is the on state of the kid that is on, and
+/// its kids can have different on states (Table 230). Clicking B after A ticks B and clears A;
+/// clicking B again clears the field; kids sharing an on state tick together (EXAMPLE 2).
+#[test]
+fn clicking_check_box_kids_with_different_on_states() {
+    let mut h = check_box_kids();
+    click_field(&mut h, "pair", 0);
+    assert_eq!((on_widgets(&h, "pair"), value(&h, "pair")), (vec![true, false], vec!["A".to_string()]));
+    click_field(&mut h, "pair", 1);
+    assert_eq!((on_widgets(&h, "pair"), value(&h, "pair")), (vec![false, true], vec!["B".to_string()]), "B ticks and A clears");
+    click_field(&mut h, "pair", 1);
+    assert_eq!((on_widgets(&h, "pair"), value(&h, "pair")), (vec![false, false], vec![]), "clicking B again clears the field");
+    click_field(&mut h, "pair", 1);
+    click_field(&mut h, "pair", 0);
+    assert_eq!((on_widgets(&h, "pair"), value(&h, "pair")), (vec![true, false], vec!["A".to_string()]), "the tick moves back to A");
+    click_field(&mut h, "same", 0);
+    assert_eq!(on_widgets(&h, "same"), [true, true], "kids sharing Yes tick together");
+    click_field(&mut h, "same", 1);
+    assert_eq!(on_widgets(&h, "same"), [false, false], "and untick together");
+    // Space on the focused kid toggles that kid too.
+    click_field(&mut h, "pair", 1);
+    assert_eq!(value(&h, "pair"), ["B"]);
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::Space);
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert!(value(&h, "pair").is_empty(), "Space clears the ticked kid");
+}
+
+/// Click at `p` with `modifiers` held.
+fn click_with(h: &mut Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>, p: egui::Pos2, modifiers: egui::Modifiers) {
+    h.event(egui::Event::ModifiersChanged(modifiers));
+    h.hover_at(p);
+    h.run_steps(1);
+    for pressed in [true, false] {
+        h.event(egui::Event::PointerButton { pos: p, button: egui::PointerButton::Primary, pressed, modifiers });
+        h.run_steps(1);
+    }
+    h.event(egui::Event::ModifiersChanged(egui::Modifiers::NONE));
+    h.run_steps(3);
+}
+
+/// A list box opened at 100% zoom on its own page, and its rectangle on screen.
+fn list_box(objects: &[&str], name: &str) -> (Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>, egui::Rect) {
+    let bytes = pdf_from_objects(objects);
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(|_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_bytes("list.pdf", None, bytes).unwrap();
+        app.set_option("left", "closed").unwrap();
+        app.set_option("zoom", "100").unwrap();
+        app
+    });
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    let r = {
+        let s = h.state();
+        let doc = s.session.get(s.views[0].id).unwrap();
+        let f = doc.form.iter().find(|f| f.name == name).unwrap();
+        pdfcraft_ui_egui::forms_ui::field_screen_rect(&s.views[0], &doc.info, f, 0).expect("on screen")
+    };
+    (h, r)
+}
+
+/// A Shift-click picks the rows from the one clicked last: after Ctrl-clicking row 3 and then
+/// row 1, Shift on row 4 picks rows 1 to 4, not 3 to 4. The rows share one export value, so the
+/// value can't say which came last, and `/I` lists them in ascending order.
+#[test]
+fn a_shift_click_in_a_list_box_extends_from_the_row_clicked_last() {
+    let (mut h, r) = list_box(
+        &[
+            "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm << /Fields [4 0 R] /NeedAppearances true /DA (/Helv 10 Tf 0 g) /DR << /Font << /Helv 5 0 R >> >> >> >>",
+            "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 400 400] >>",
+            "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [4 0 R] >>",
+            "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (days) /Ff 2097152 /Opt [[(x) (Mon)] [(x) (Tue)] [(x) (Wed)] [(x) (Thu)] [(x) (Fri)] [(x) (Sat)]] /Rect [50 220 200 320] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >>",
+            "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >>",
+        ],
+        "days",
+    );
+    let zoom = r.height() / 100.0;
+    let row = |k: f32| egui::pos2(r.center().x, r.min.y + (8.0 + 11.5 * k) * zoom);
+    click_with(&mut h, row(3.0), egui::Modifiers::COMMAND);
+    click_with(&mut h, row(1.0), egui::Modifiers::COMMAND);
+    assert_eq!(selected(&h, "days"), [1, 3]);
+    click_with(&mut h, row(4.0), egui::Modifiers::SHIFT);
+    assert_eq!(selected(&h, "days"), [1, 2, 3, 4], "from row 1, the one clicked last");
+}
+
+/// A single-select list box holding an array `/V` is written as one value when its shown row is
+/// clicked again, not left as an array because the row was already selected.
+#[test]
+fn clicking_the_shown_row_of_a_single_select_list_holding_an_array_writes_one_value() {
+    let (mut h, r) = list_box(
+        &[
+            "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm << /Fields [4 0 R] /NeedAppearances true /DA (/Helv 10 Tf 0 g) /DR << /Font << /Helv 5 0 R >> >> >> >>",
+            "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 400 400] >>",
+            "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [4 0 R] >>",
+            "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /FT /Ch /T (pair) /Opt [[(TW) (Taiwan)] [(JP) (Japan)] [(US) (United States)]] /V [(TW) (JP)] /Rect [50 250 200 320] /P 3 0 R /F 4 >>",
+            "<< /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >>",
+        ],
+        "pair",
+    );
+    let field = |h: &Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>| {
+        let s = h.state();
+        s.session.get(s.views[0].id).unwrap().form.iter().find(|f| f.name == "pair").unwrap().clone()
+    };
+    assert!(field(&h).single_value_is_array, "loaded from an array");
+    let zoom = r.height() / 70.0;
+    click_at(&mut h, egui::pos2(r.center().x, r.min.y + 8.0 * zoom));
+    let f = field(&h);
+    assert_eq!((f.value, f.selected, f.single_value_is_array), (vec!["TW".to_string()], vec![0], false), "Taiwan, now one value");
+}
+
+/// Where the first widget of field `name` is on screen in the first view.
+fn field_rect(h: &Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>, name: &str) -> egui::Rect {
+    let s = h.state();
+    let doc = s.session.get(s.views[0].id).unwrap();
+    let f = doc.form.iter().find(|f| f.name == name).unwrap();
+    pdfcraft_ui_egui::forms_ui::field_screen_rect(&s.views[0], &doc.info, f, 0).expect("on screen")
+}
+
+/// Filled triangles painted inside `within`, at any depth of the frame's shapes.
+fn triangles_in(h: &Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>, within: egui::Rect) -> Vec<Vec<egui::Pos2>> {
+    /// Collects the filled three-point paths of `shape` that lie inside `within`, descending into
+    /// nested shape lists.
+    fn walk(shape: &egui::Shape, within: egui::Rect, out: &mut Vec<Vec<egui::Pos2>>) {
+        match shape {
+            egui::Shape::Vec(shapes) => shapes.iter().for_each(|s| walk(s, within, out)),
+            egui::Shape::Path(p) if p.points.len() == 3 && p.fill != egui::Color32::TRANSPARENT && p.points.iter().all(|q| within.contains(*q)) => {
+                out.push(p.points.clone())
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    for c in &h.output().shapes {
+        walk(&c.shape, within, &mut out);
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+/// A drop-down draws one filled arrow at the right of its box, and a text field draws none.
+#[test]
+fn a_drop_down_shows_its_arrow_and_text_fields_do_not() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    let country = field_rect(&h, "country");
+    let arrows = triangles_in(&h, country);
+    assert_eq!(arrows.len(), 1, "one arrow in the drop-down: {arrows:?}");
+    let tip = arrows[0].iter().fold(egui::Pos2::ZERO, |a, p| egui::pos2(a.x.max(p.x), a.y.max(p.y)));
+    assert!(tip.x > country.center().x, "at the right of the box");
+    assert!(triangles_in(&h, field_rect(&h, "city")).is_empty(), "a text field has none");
+}
+
+/// A drop-down's list opens on the field's left edge and no wider than the field, without
+/// showing the field's name, and clicking an item chooses it.
+#[test]
+fn a_drop_downs_list_opens_as_wide_as_the_field_without_its_internal_name() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    let country = field_rect(&h, "country");
+    assert!(egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::query_by_label(&h, "country").is_none(), "the field's name isn't shown");
+    let item = egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::get_by_label(&h, "France").rect();
+    assert!((item.left() - country.left()).abs() <= 2.0 && item.right() <= country.right() + 1.0, "{item:?} in {country:?}");
+    egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::get_by_label(&h, "France").click();
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    assert_eq!(value(&h, "country"), ["fr"]);
+}
+
+/// A drop-down with 30 options keeps its scroll bar in its own room, so the items stop short
+/// of the field's right edge.
+#[test]
+fn a_long_drop_down_list_keeps_its_scroll_bar_beside_the_items() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    let options: Vec<String> = (0..30).map(|i| format!("{i:02}00")).collect();
+    assert!(h.state_mut().apply_edit(pdfcraft_engine::Edit::SetFieldProps {
+        name: "country".into(),
+        props: Box::new(pdfcraft_engine::FieldProps { options: Some(options), ..Default::default() }),
+    }));
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    let country = field_rect(&h, "country");
+    let first = egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::get_by_label(&h, "0000").rect();
+    // A scroll bar that stays shown takes its own room, so people see there is more below.
+    assert!(first.right() <= country.right() - 6.0, "{first:?} leaves room for the bar in {country:?}");
+}
+
+/// Where `text` is drawn in the last frame, if anywhere.
+fn text_rect(h: &Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>, text: &str) -> Option<egui::Rect> {
+    /// The rectangle of the text shape in `shape` that reads exactly `text`, searching nested
+    /// shape lists.
+    fn walk(shape: &egui::Shape, text: &str) -> Option<egui::Rect> {
+        match shape {
+            egui::Shape::Vec(shapes) => shapes.iter().find_map(|s| walk(s, text)),
+            egui::Shape::Text(t) if t.galley.text() == text => Some(egui::Rect::from_min_size(t.pos, t.galley.size())),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+    h.output().shapes.iter().find_map(|c| walk(&c.shape, text))
+}
+
+/// Gives the "country" drop-down 30 options, "0000" to "2900", more than its list shows at once.
+fn long_country(h: &mut Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>) {
+    let options: Vec<String> = (0..30).map(|i| format!("{i:02}00")).collect();
+    assert!(h.state_mut().apply_edit(pdfcraft_engine::Edit::SetFieldProps {
+        name: "country".into(),
+        props: Box::new(pdfcraft_engine::FieldProps { options: Some(options), ..Default::default() }),
+    }));
+    h.run_steps(3);
+}
+
+/// A centered drop-down (quadding 1) centers the items of its open list too.
+#[test]
+fn a_drop_downs_list_aligns_its_items_as_the_field_does() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    assert!(h.state_mut().apply_edit(pdfcraft_engine::Edit::SetFieldProps {
+        name: "country".into(),
+        props: Box::new(pdfcraft_engine::FieldProps { quadding: Some(1), ..Default::default() }),
+    }));
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    let country = field_rect(&h, "country");
+    let france = text_rect(&h, "France").expect("drawn");
+    assert!((france.center().x - country.center().x).abs() <= 2.0, "centered as the field is: {france:?} in {country:?}");
+}
+
+/// The arrow keys move through an open drop-down's list without changing the value, Enter
+/// chooses the current item and closes the list, and a reopened list starts from the value.
+#[test]
+fn the_arrow_keys_move_through_a_drop_downs_list_and_enter_chooses() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::ArrowDown);
+    h.run_steps(1);
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::ArrowDown);
+    h.run_steps(1);
+    assert!(value(&h, "country").is_empty(), "the arrows only move through the list");
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::Enter);
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(value(&h, "country"), ["fr"]);
+    assert!(h.state().views[0].forms.focus.is_none(), "Enter closes the list");
+    // Reopened, the list starts from the field's value.
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::ArrowUp);
+    h.run_steps(1);
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::Enter);
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(value(&h, "country"), ["ca"]);
+}
+
+/// Pressing the scroll bar's down button moves a long drop-down list on one row, and End goes
+/// to the last item, which Enter then chooses.
+#[test]
+fn a_long_drop_down_list_scrolls_by_its_arrow_button_and_to_its_end() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    long_country(&mut h);
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    assert!(egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::query_by_label(&h, "0900").is_none(), "nine rows show");
+    let country = field_rect(&h, "country");
+    let first = egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::get_by_label(&h, "0000").rect();
+    // The bar's down button, at the bottom of the bar beside the ninth row.
+    let bar = country.right() - first.right();
+    let down = egui::pos2(country.right() - bar / 2.0, first.top() + first.height() * 9.0 - bar / 2.0);
+    h.hover_at(down);
+    h.run_steps(1);
+    h.drag_at(down);
+    h.run_steps(1);
+    h.drop_at(down);
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    assert!(egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::query_by_label(&h, "0900").is_some(), "one row on");
+    assert!(egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::query_by_label(&h, "0000").is_none());
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::End);
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    assert!(egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::query_by_label(&h, "2900").is_some(), "End goes to the last item");
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::Enter);
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(value(&h, "country"), ["2900"]);
+}
+
+/// The mouse wheel over an open long drop-down scrolls its list and leaves the page where it was.
+#[test]
+fn the_mouse_wheel_scrolls_a_long_drop_down_list_and_not_the_page() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    long_country(&mut h);
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    let first = egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::get_by_label(&h, "0000").rect();
+    let page = h.state().views[0].page_screen_rect(0);
+    h.hover_at(first.center() + egui::vec2(0.0, first.height() * 4.0));
+    h.run_steps(1);
+    for _ in 0..3 {
+        h.event(egui::Event::MouseWheel {
+            unit: egui::MouseWheelUnit::Line,
+            source: egui::MouseWheelSource::Unknown,
+            delta: egui::vec2(0.0, -1.0),
+            modifiers: egui::Modifiers::NONE,
+            phase: egui::TouchPhase::Move,
+        });
+        h.run_steps(2);
+    }
+    h.run_steps(6);
+    assert!(egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::query_by_label(&h, "0000").is_none(), "the list scrolled down");
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].page_screen_rect(0), page, "the page stayed where it was");
+}
+
+/// Escape in an open drop-down closes its list and nothing else: the find bar, which Escape
+/// closes when no field is open, stays open.
+#[test]
+fn escape_closes_an_open_drop_downs_list_and_leaves_the_page_alone() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    long_country(&mut h);
+    h.state_mut().views[0].open_find();
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert!(h.state().views[0].find.is_some());
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    assert!(egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::query_by_label(&h, "0000").is_some(), "the list is open");
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::Escape);
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert!(egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::query_by_label(&h, "0000").is_none(), "Escape closed the list");
+    assert!(h.state().views[0].forms.focus.is_none(), "and the field");
+    assert!(h.state().views[0].find.is_some(), "the find bar stays open");
+}
+
+/// An auto-sized drop-down's list draws its items at the size the field shows its value at, so a
+/// long chosen item fits the list as it fits the field instead of growing past it.
+#[test]
+fn an_auto_sized_drop_downs_list_shows_its_items_at_the_fields_text_size() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    let long = "The Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands";
+    assert!(h.state_mut().apply_edit(pdfcraft_engine::Edit::SetFieldProps {
+        name: "country".into(),
+        props: Box::new(pdfcraft_engine::FieldProps { options: Some(vec!["Canada".into(), long.into()]), ..Default::default() }),
+    }));
+    assert!(
+        h.state_mut().apply_edit(pdfcraft_engine::Edit::SetFieldValue {
+            name: "country".into(),
+            value: pdfcraft_engine::FieldValue::Choice(vec![long.into()])
+        })
+    );
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    let field = field_rect(&h, "country");
+    let item = text_rect(&h, long).expect("the long item in the open list");
+    assert!(item.width() <= field.width(), "the item fits as the field's value does: {} wide in a {} field", item.width(), field.width());
+}
+
+/// In single-page view, where the wheel turns pages, the wheel over an open drop-down's list
+/// scrolls the list and leaves the page as it is; over the page itself it still turns it.
+#[test]
+fn in_single_page_view_the_wheel_over_an_open_list_scrolls_the_list_not_the_page() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    long_country(&mut h);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().apply_edit(pdfcraft_engine::Edit::InsertBlankPage { at: 1, width: 300.0, height: 400.0 }));
+    h.state_mut().set_option("continuous", "off").unwrap();
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::Home);
+    for _ in 0..60 {
+        h.run_steps(2);
+        if !h.state().render_pending() && h.state().views[0].page_screen_rect(0).is_some() {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    let wheel = |h: &mut Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>, at: egui::Pos2| {
+        h.hover_at(at);
+        h.run_steps(1);
+        for _ in 0..3 {
+            h.event(egui::Event::MouseWheel {
+                unit: egui::MouseWheelUnit::Line,
+                source: egui::MouseWheelSource::Unknown,
+                delta: egui::vec2(0.0, -1.0),
+                modifiers: egui::Modifiers::NONE,
+                phase: egui::TouchPhase::Move,
+            });
+            h.run_steps(2);
+        }
+        h.run_steps(6);
+    };
+    // The control: over the page, the wheel turns it.
+    let page = h.state().views[0].page_screen_rect(0).expect("page 1 on screen");
+    wheel(&mut h, page.center());
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].current, 1, "over the page, the wheel turns it");
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::Home);
+    h.run_steps(6);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].current, 0);
+    // Over the open list, it scrolls the list instead.
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    let first = egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::get_by_label(&h, "0000").rect();
+    wheel(&mut h, first.center() + egui::vec2(0.0, first.height() * 4.0));
+    assert!(egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::query_by_label(&h, "0000").is_none(), "the list scrolled down");
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].current, 0, "the page didn't turn");
+}
+
+/// With a page taller than the window and the pointer resting on an open drop-down's list,
+/// Home and the down arrow move through the list and leave the page where it was.
+#[test]
+fn an_open_drop_down_keeps_the_arrow_keys_and_home_from_moving_the_page() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    long_country(&mut h);
+    // A page taller than the window, so the keys would scroll it.
+    h.state_mut().set_option("zoom", "300").unwrap();
+    for _ in 0..30 {
+        h.run_steps(2);
+        if !h.state().render_pending() {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    // The pointer rests on the list, as it does after reaching for it.
+    let row = egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::get_by_label(&h, "0300").rect();
+    h.hover_at(row.center());
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    let page = h.state().views[0].page_screen_rect(0);
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::Home);
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::ArrowDown);
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].page_screen_rect(0), page, "the page stayed where it was");
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::Enter);
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(value(&h, "country"), ["0100"], "one item down from the first");
+}
+
+/// When End scrolls a drop-down's list under a resting pointer, Enter chooses the item End
+/// went to, not the one that came under the pointer.
+#[test]
+fn a_pointer_resting_on_a_list_the_keys_scroll_keeps_the_highlight_on_the_keys() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    long_country(&mut h);
+    click_field(&mut h, "country", 0);
+    let row = egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable::get_by_label(&h, "0300").rect();
+    h.hover_at(row.center());
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    // End scrolls the list, so another item comes under the resting pointer.
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::End);
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.key_press(egui::Key::Enter);
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(value(&h, "country"), ["2900"], "the item End went to, not the one under the pointer");
+}
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/layer_actions.rs b/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/layer_actions.rs
index 4878343938..12c6868f02 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/layer_actions.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/layer_actions.rs
@@ -9,9 +9,14 @@ use pdfcraft_ui_egui::PdfCraftApp;
 /// One page with layers Red (on) and Green (off), a radio-button group, each drawing a band;
 /// a "show-red" push button turns Red on and a link toggles Green.
 fn fixture() -> Vec<u8> {
+    fixture_with("")
+}
+
+/// [`fixture`] with `order` added to the default configuration.
+fn fixture_with(order: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
     let content = "/OC /R BDC 1 0 0 rg 20 300 260 40 re f EMC /OC /G BDC 0 1 0 rg 20 240 260 40 re f EMC";
     let objs = [
-        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm << /Fields [7 0 R] >> /OCProperties << /OCGs [5 0 R 6 0 R] /D << /OFF [6 0 R] /RBGroups [[5 0 R 6 0 R]] >> >> >>".to_string(),
+        format!("<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm << /Fields [7 0 R] >> /OCProperties << /OCGs [5 0 R 6 0 R] /D << /OFF [6 0 R] /RBGroups [[5 0 R 6 0 R]] {order} >> >> >>"),
         "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 >>".into(),
         "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 300 400] /Contents 4 0 R /Resources << /Properties << /R 5 0 R /G 6 0 R >> >> /Annots [7 0 R 8 0 R] >>".into(),
         format!("<< /Length {} >>\nstream\n{content}\nendstream", content.len()),
@@ -36,10 +41,14 @@ fn fixture() -> Vec<u8> {
 }
 
 fn harness(setup: impl FnOnce(&mut PdfCraftApp) + 'static) -> Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp> {
+    harness_with(fixture(), setup)
+}
+
+fn harness_with(pdf: Vec<u8>, setup: impl FnOnce(&mut PdfCraftApp) + 'static) -> Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp> {
     let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(move |_cc| {
         let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
         app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
-        app.open_bytes("layers.pdf", None, fixture()).unwrap();
+        app.open_bytes("layers.pdf", None, pdf).unwrap();
         app.set_option("zoom", "150").unwrap();
         setup(&mut app);
         app
@@ -124,3 +133,28 @@ fn layer_options_reset_to_initial_visibility() {
     assert!(!doc.dirty, "showing and hiding layers doesn't change the document");
     assert_eq!(doc.can_undo(), None, "nor is it an edit to undo");
 }
+
+/// ISO 32000-2 Table 99 `/Order`: the Layers panel shows the tree it gives, a leading text
+/// string as a label, and not the groups it leaves out, which still draw in their state. Without
+/// `/Order` it presents none.
+#[test]
+fn the_layers_panel_shows_the_order_tree() {
+    let mut h = harness_with(fixture_with("/Order [[(Colours) 5 0 R]]"), |app| app.set_option("panel", "layers").unwrap());
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    let label = h.get_by_label("Colours").rect();
+    let red = h.get_by_label("Red").rect();
+    assert!(red.min.y > label.max.y - 1.0, "Red is listed under its label");
+    assert!(h.query_by_label("Green").is_none(), "Green isn't in /Order, so it isn't presented");
+    assert_eq!(shown(&h), layers(true, false), "but it is still a layer, in its state");
+    // Clicking the label changes nothing; clicking Red hides it.
+    h.get_by_label("Colours").click();
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    assert_eq!(shown(&h), layers(true, false));
+    h.get_by_label("Red").click();
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(shown(&h), layers(false, false));
+
+    let h = harness(|app| app.set_option("panel", "layers").unwrap());
+    assert!(h.query_by_label("Red").is_none() && h.query_by_label("Green").is_none(), "no /Order: none presented");
+    h.get_by_label("This document lists no layers to show.");
+}
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/redact.rs b/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/redact.rs
index 8f75b44985..780b978a2c 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/redact.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/tests/it/redact.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 use egui::Pos2;
 use egui_kittest::Harness;
 use egui_kittest::kittest::Queryable;
-use pdfcraft_ui_egui::{Dialog, PdfCraftApp};
+use pdfcraft_ui_egui::{Dialog, PdfCraftApp, SaveTarget};
 
 fn harness() -> Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp> {
     let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(|_cc| {
@@ -74,6 +74,417 @@ fn marking_applying_and_clearing() {
     assert!(doc.form.is_empty(), "the whole page was redacted, fields included");
 }
 
+/// After Apply redactions, Save asks where instead of writing over the opened file, as Acrobat
+/// shows Save As with `_Redacted` appended to the name. Once that copy is written, Save writes
+/// it in place again.
+#[test]
+fn saving_after_applying_redactions_asks_where() {
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-redacted-save-{}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let original = dir.join("contract.pdf");
+    let source = include_bytes!("../data/form.pdf").to_vec();
+    std::fs::write(&original, &source).unwrap();
+    let path = original.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(move |_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_path(&path);
+        app
+    });
+    crate::support::settle(&mut h);
+    h.state_mut().execute("redact.pages");
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("OK").click();
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(marks(&h), 1);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().execute("redact.apply"));
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("Apply").click();
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    assert_eq!(marks(&h), 0);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_applied, 1);
+    let copy = dir.join("contract_Redacted.pdf");
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = Some(vec![copy.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
+    assert!(!h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace), "Save asks where first");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(std::fs::read(&original).unwrap(), source, "the opened file is left as it was");
+    assert!(copy.exists(), "the redacted copy is written where the user chose");
+    let s = h.state();
+    assert_eq!(s.session.get(s.views[0].id).unwrap().name, "contract_Redacted.pdf");
+    assert_eq!(s.views[0].redactions_applied, 0);
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = None;
+    assert!(h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace), "the next Save writes the copy in place");
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
+
+/// Undo past an Apply redactions that is already saved in the `_Redacted` copy makes Save ask
+/// where, so the restored content is not written over the copy. Redo makes Save write in place.
+#[test]
+fn undoing_saved_redactions_does_not_save_over_the_redacted_copy() {
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-redacted-saved-undo-{}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let original = dir.join("contract.pdf");
+    std::fs::write(&original, include_bytes!("../data/form.pdf")).unwrap();
+    let path = original.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(move |_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_path(&path);
+        app
+    });
+    crate::support::settle(&mut h);
+    h.state_mut().execute("redact.pages");
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("OK").click();
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().execute("redact.apply"));
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("Apply").click();
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    let copy = dir.join("contract_Redacted.pdf");
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = Some(vec![copy.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
+    assert!(!h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace));
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = None;
+    assert!(copy.exists());
+    // Undo and Redo leave the saved redactions in effect: Save writes the copy in place.
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.undo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.redo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!((h.state().views[0].redactions_applied, h.state().views[0].redactions_undone_after_save), (0, 0));
+    assert!(h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace), "with the redactions back, Save writes the copy in place");
+    let saved = std::fs::read(&copy).unwrap();
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.undo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_undone_after_save, 1);
+    let elsewhere = dir.join("contract_restored.pdf");
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = Some(vec![elsewhere.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
+    assert!(!h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace), "Save asks where instead of writing over the copy");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = None;
+    assert_eq!(std::fs::read(&copy).unwrap(), saved, "the redacted copy is left as it was");
+    assert!(elsewhere.exists(), "the restored version is written where the user chose");
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_undone_after_save, 0);
+    // The restored version is now the saved one: Redo applies the redactions to it again.
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.redo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_applied, 1);
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
+
+/// A new Apply redactions after Undo past a saved one clears Redo, so Undo and Redo of the new
+/// step do not bring Save in place back over the `_Redacted` copy.
+#[test]
+fn redoing_a_new_apply_after_undoing_saved_redactions_still_asks_where() {
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-redacted-branch-{}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let original = dir.join("contract.pdf");
+    std::fs::write(&original, include_bytes!("../data/form.pdf")).unwrap();
+    let path = original.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(move |_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_path(&path);
+        app
+    });
+    crate::support::settle(&mut h);
+    h.state_mut().execute("redact.pages");
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("OK").click();
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().execute("redact.apply"));
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("Apply").click();
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    let copy = dir.join("contract_Redacted.pdf");
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = Some(vec![copy.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
+    assert!(!h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace));
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = None;
+    let saved = std::fs::read(&copy).unwrap();
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.undo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    // Apply the marks again as a new step, then Undo and Redo it.
+    assert!(h.state_mut().execute("redact.apply"));
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("Apply").click();
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.undo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    let view = &h.state().views[0];
+    assert_eq!((view.redactions_applied, view.redactions_undone_after_save, view.saved_redactions_cut_off), (0, 0, true));
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.redo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    let elsewhere = dir.join("contract_again.pdf");
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = Some(vec![elsewhere.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
+    assert!(!h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace), "Save asks where instead of writing over the copy");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = None;
+    assert_eq!(std::fs::read(&copy).unwrap(), saved, "the redacted copy is left as it was");
+    assert!(!h.state().views[0].saved_redactions_cut_off);
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
+
+/// In the web build a delivered save keeps `redactions_applied` and records it in
+/// `redactions_downloaded`. Undo past a delivered Apply redactions, or a new Apply after it, makes
+/// Save ask where, so a host does not write the restored content over the redacted copy.
+#[test]
+fn undoing_delivered_redactions_asks_where() {
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-redacted-delivered-{}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let original = dir.join("contract.pdf");
+    std::fs::write(&original, include_bytes!("../data/form.pdf")).unwrap();
+    let path = original.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(move |_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_path(&path);
+        app
+    });
+    crate::support::settle(&mut h);
+    h.state_mut().execute("redact.pages");
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("OK").click();
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().execute("redact.apply"));
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("Apply").click();
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    // The state a web save leaves: the step is delivered and stays counted.
+    h.state_mut().views[0].redactions_downloaded = 1;
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.undo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    let elsewhere = dir.join("contract_restored.pdf");
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = Some(vec![elsewhere.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
+    assert!(!h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace), "Save asks where after Undo past a delivered step");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = None;
+    assert!(elsewhere.exists());
+    // A new Apply after Undo past a delivered step cannot be redone back to the delivered one.
+    h.state_mut().views[0].redactions_downloaded = 1;
+    h.state_mut().views[0].redactions_applied = 0;
+    h.state_mut().execute("redact.pages");
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("OK").click();
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().execute("redact.apply"));
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("Apply").click();
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    assert!(h.state().views[0].saved_redactions_cut_off);
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
+
+/// Once every Apply redactions step is delivered, Save writes in place again even though the web
+/// build keeps the steps counted for the `_Redacted` name.
+#[test]
+fn delivered_redactions_save_in_place() {
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-redacted-delivered-save-{}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let original = dir.join("contract.pdf");
+    std::fs::write(&original, include_bytes!("../data/form.pdf")).unwrap();
+    let path = original.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(move |_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_path(&path);
+        app
+    });
+    crate::support::settle(&mut h);
+    h.state_mut().execute("redact.pages");
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("OK").click();
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().execute("redact.apply"));
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("Apply").click();
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    // The state a web save leaves: the step is delivered and stays counted.
+    h.state_mut().views[0].redactions_downloaded = 1;
+    assert!(h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace), "Save writes in place after the step is delivered");
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
+
+/// Undo past a saved Apply redactions while the Save dialog is open makes Save ask again, so the
+/// restored content is not written to the redacted copy the dialog proposed.
+#[test]
+fn undoing_saved_redactions_while_the_save_dialog_is_open_asks_again() {
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-redacted-dialog-undo-{}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let original = dir.join("contract.pdf");
+    std::fs::write(&original, include_bytes!("../data/form.pdf")).unwrap();
+    let path = original.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(move |_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_path(&path);
+        app
+    });
+    crate::support::settle(&mut h);
+    let apply = |h: &mut Harness<'static, PdfCraftApp>| {
+        h.state_mut().execute("redact.pages");
+        h.run_steps(2);
+        h.get_by_label("OK").click();
+        h.run_steps(3);
+        assert!(h.state_mut().execute("redact.apply"));
+        h.run_steps(2);
+        h.get_by_label("Apply").click();
+        h.run_steps(4);
+    };
+    apply(&mut h);
+    let copy = dir.join("contract_Redacted.pdf");
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = Some(vec![copy.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
+    assert!(!h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace));
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    let saved = std::fs::read(&copy).unwrap();
+    // A second Apply redactions makes Save ask where. Before the answer, Undo takes back the
+    // second Apply, its marks and the saved Apply.
+    apply(&mut h);
+    assert!(!h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace));
+    for _ in 0..3 {
+        h.state_mut().execute("edit.undo");
+    }
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_undone_after_save, 1);
+    let elsewhere = dir.join("contract_restored.pdf");
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = Some(vec![elsewhere.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = None;
+    assert_eq!(std::fs::read(&copy).unwrap(), saved, "the redacted copy is left as it was");
+    assert!(elsewhere.exists(), "Save asked again and wrote where the user chose");
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
+
+/// Undo of Apply redactions while the Save dialog that proposed the `_Redacted` name is open
+/// makes Save ask again, so the unredacted content is not saved under that name.
+#[test]
+fn undoing_apply_redactions_while_the_save_dialog_is_open_asks_again() {
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-redacted-dialog-unapply-{}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let original = dir.join("contract.pdf");
+    std::fs::write(&original, include_bytes!("../data/form.pdf")).unwrap();
+    let path = original.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(move |_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_path(&path);
+        app
+    });
+    crate::support::settle(&mut h);
+    h.state_mut().execute("redact.pages");
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("OK").click();
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().execute("redact.apply"));
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("Apply").click();
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    let copy = dir.join("contract_Redacted.pdf");
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = Some(vec![copy.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
+    assert!(!h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace));
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.undo");
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_applied, 0);
+    let elsewhere = dir.join("contract_copy.pdf");
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = Some(vec![elsewhere.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    h.state_mut().pick_override = None;
+    assert!(!copy.exists(), "the unredacted content is not saved under the _Redacted name");
+    assert!(elsewhere.exists(), "Save asked again and wrote where the user chose");
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
+
+/// Undo of Apply redactions brings back Save in place; Redo makes Save ask where again.
+#[test]
+fn undoing_apply_redactions_saves_in_place_again() {
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-redacted-undo-{}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let original = dir.join("contract.pdf");
+    std::fs::write(&original, include_bytes!("../data/form.pdf")).unwrap();
+    let path = original.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(move |_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_path(&path);
+        app
+    });
+    crate::support::settle(&mut h);
+    for _ in 0..2 {
+        h.state_mut().execute("redact.pages");
+        h.run_steps(2);
+        h.get_by_label("OK").click();
+        h.run_steps(3);
+        assert!(h.state_mut().execute("redact.apply"));
+        h.run_steps(2);
+        h.get_by_label("Apply").click();
+        h.run_steps(4);
+    }
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_applied, 2);
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.undo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_applied, 1, "the first Apply redactions is still in effect");
+    // Undoing the second mark leaves the first Apply redactions in effect.
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.undo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_applied, 1);
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.undo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_applied, 0);
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.redo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_applied, 1);
+    h.state_mut().execute("edit.undo");
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace), "with the redactions undone, Save writes in place");
+    let s = h.state();
+    assert_eq!(s.session.get(s.views[0].id).unwrap().name, "contract.pdf");
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
+
+/// File ▸ Revert discards the applied redactions, so Save writes the opened file in place again.
+#[test]
+fn reverting_after_apply_redactions_saves_in_place_again() {
+    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("pdfcraft-redacted-revert-{}", std::process::id()));
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap();
+    let original = dir.join("contract.pdf");
+    std::fs::write(&original, include_bytes!("../data/form.pdf")).unwrap();
+    let path = original.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    let mut h = Harness::builder().with_size(egui::vec2(1400.0, 900.0)).build_eframe(move |_cc| {
+        let mut app = PdfCraftApp::new();
+        app.set_option("language", "en").unwrap();
+        app.open_path(&path);
+        app
+    });
+    crate::support::settle(&mut h);
+    h.state_mut().execute("redact.pages");
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("OK").click();
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().execute("redact.apply"));
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.get_by_label("Apply").click();
+    h.run_steps(4);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_applied, 1);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().execute("file.revert"));
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().dialog, Some(Dialog::Revert));
+    h.get_all_by_label("Revert").last().expect("the button").click();
+    h.run_steps(3);
+    assert_eq!(h.state().views[0].redactions_applied, 0);
+    assert!(h.state_mut().save_active(SaveTarget::InPlace), "after Revert, Save writes in place");
+    let s = h.state();
+    assert_eq!(s.session.get(s.views[0].id).unwrap().name, "contract.pdf");
+    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn redaction_codes_become_the_overlay_text() {
     let mut h = harness();
diff --git a/crates/xfdf/src/tests.rs b/crates/xfdf/src/tests.rs
index 3823c60413..11d4b8a5dc 100644
--- a/crates/xfdf/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/xfdf/src/tests.rs
@@ -2269,6 +2269,48 @@ fn an_fdf_comment_popup_without_a_rect_is_dropped() {
     assert_eq!(popups, 0);
 }
 
+/// A check box field whose two kids have the on states `A` and `B`.
+fn check_box_kids() -> Document {
+    let objs = [
+        "<< /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R /AcroForm 4 0 R >>",
+        "<< /Type /Pages /Kids [3 0 R] /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 600 800] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /Annots [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Fields [5 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /FT /Btn /T (pair) /V /Off /Kids [6 0 R 7 0 R] >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /Parent 5 0 R /AS /Off /Rect [50 700 64 714] /P 3 0 R /AP << /N << /A 8 0 R /Off 8 0 R >> >> >>",
+        "<< /Type /Annot /Subtype /Widget /Parent 5 0 R /AS /Off /Rect [80 700 94 714] /P 3 0 R /AP << /N << /B 8 0 R /Off 8 0 R >> >> >>",
+        "<< /Length 0 >>\nstream\n\nendstream",
+    ];
+    let mut out = b"%PDF-1.7\n".to_vec();
+    let mut offsets = Vec::new();
+    for (i, o) in objs.iter().enumerate() {
+        offsets.push(out.len());
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{} 0 obj\n{o}\nendobj\n", i + 1).as_bytes());
+    }
+    let xref = out.len();
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("xref\n0 {}\n0000000000 65535 f \n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    for o in offsets {
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("{o:010} 00000 n \n").as_bytes());
+    }
+    out.extend_from_slice(format!("trailer\n<< /Size {} /Root 1 0 R >>\nstartxref\n{xref}\n%%EOF\n", objs.len() + 1).as_bytes());
+    Document::open(Arc::new(out)).unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Imported data that names a check box kid's on state ticks that kid (ISO 32000-2 §12.7.5.2.3:
+/// the field's value is the on state of the kid that is on), not the first kid.
+#[test]
+fn imported_values_tick_the_check_box_kid_they_name() {
+    let mut src = check_box_kids();
+    set_value(&mut src, "pair", &pdfcraft_forms::FieldValue::Text("B".into())).unwrap();
+    let xfdf = export_xfdf(&src, false, true, "form.pdf");
+    let mut dst = check_box_kids();
+    import(&mut dst, xfdf.as_bytes()).unwrap();
+    let all = fields(&dst);
+    let pair = all.iter().find(|f| f.name == "pair").unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(pair.value, ["B"], "{xfdf}");
+    assert_eq!((pair.widget_on(0), pair.widget_on(1)), (false, true));
+}
+
 /// Copy: the chosen comments travel with their replies and nothing else.
 #[test]
 fn exporting_selected_comments_takes_them_and_their_replies() {
diff --git a/crates/xfdf/src/xfdf.rs b/crates/xfdf/src/xfdf.rs
index c5ec3d642d..efbf5033f0 100644
--- a/crates/xfdf/src/xfdf.rs
+++ b/crates/xfdf/src/xfdf.rs
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ pub(crate) fn apply_values(doc: &mut Document, values: &[(String, Vec<String>)],
         let first = vals.first().cloned().unwrap_or_default();
         let v = match f.kind {
             FieldKind::Text => FieldValue::Text(first),
-            FieldKind::CheckBox => FieldValue::Check(!first.is_empty() && first != "Off"),
+            FieldKind::CheckBox => f.check_box_value(Some(first.as_str())),
             FieldKind::Radio => FieldValue::Radio((!first.is_empty() && first != "Off").then_some(first)),
             // XML, CSV and text hold a multi-select list's values in one cell, joined by ", "
             // (as export_data writes them); split it unless the whole cell is one option.
diff --git a/parity/acrobat-features.toml b/parity/acrobat-features.toml
index fca1ea61a2..508ec10ca6 100644
--- a/parity/acrobat-features.toml
+++ b/parity/acrobat-features.toml
@@ -1202,8 +1202,8 @@ milestone = "M3"
 status = "shipped"
 commands = []
 tools = ["link_open"]
-evidence = ["crates/ui-egui/tests/it/view.rs::clicking_a_link_goes_to_its_destination", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/view.rs::link_destinations_scroll_to_their_position", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/view.rs::a_link_without_a_position_keeps_the_place_on_the_next_page", "crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/tests.rs::a_null_xyz_coordinate_keeps_the_readers_place_on_the_new_page", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::bookmarks_and_links_keep_their_destination_view", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::links_read_bounded_local_remote_go_to_actions", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::local_gotor_link_open_applies_destinations_and_honors_root", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/document_links.rs::a_local_gotor_link_opens_in_a_tab_and_applies_its_destination", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/document_links.rs::an_absolute_gotor_waits_for_consent_and_keeps_its_destination_across_tabs", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/document_links.rs::cancelling_an_absolute_gotor_by_button_escape_or_dismissal_changes_nothing", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::absolute_gotor_consent_does_not_bypass_validation_or_passwords", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::launch_actions_that_name_a_pdf_open_it_like_a_remote_link", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::a_launch_link_to_a_pdf_opens_it_like_a_remote_link"]
-notes = "GoTo and URI links plus local-PDF GoToR links: source-relative or local absolute /F paths, /UF preferred in file-spec dictionaries, explicit numeric page/view destinations, and internal tabs. Absolute local GoToR targets require desktop Allow/Cancel confirmation or an explicit allow_absolute opt-in in link_open; relative links open normally. link_open honors --root. Named remote destinations open at default view with a warning; /NewWindow is a tab hint. A Launch action whose /F names a .pdf file (and has no /Win launch parameters) opens that PDF the same way, backslash separators read as / (#4168); URL/network file systems, GoToE, other Launch actions and other actions are not executed. Same-document destinations retain their supported /XYZ, /Fit, /FitH, /FitV and /FitR views; /FitB* is read as whole-page fit. A null /XYZ left or top keeps the reader's place, as ISO 32000-2 §12.3.2.2 says and Acrobat Reader was observed to do (synthetic fixture): the user-space point at the window's top-left stays there on the target page at the same zoom, along each axis the page overflows; CAD exports (WSCAD) write every cross-reference this way. Null /FitH top and /FitV left still go to the page edge."
+evidence = ["crates/ui-egui/tests/it/view.rs::clicking_a_link_goes_to_its_destination", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/view.rs::link_destinations_scroll_to_their_position", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/view.rs::a_link_without_a_position_keeps_the_place_on_the_next_page", "crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/tests.rs::a_null_xyz_coordinate_keeps_the_readers_place_on_the_new_page", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::bookmarks_and_links_keep_their_destination_view", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::links_read_bounded_local_remote_go_to_actions", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::local_gotor_link_open_applies_destinations_and_honors_root", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/document_links.rs::a_local_gotor_link_opens_in_a_tab_and_applies_its_destination", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/document_links.rs::an_absolute_gotor_waits_for_consent_and_keeps_its_destination_across_tabs", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/document_links.rs::cancelling_an_absolute_gotor_by_button_escape_or_dismissal_changes_nothing", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::absolute_gotor_consent_does_not_bypass_validation_or_passwords", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::launch_actions_that_name_a_pdf_open_it_like_a_remote_link", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::a_launch_link_to_a_pdf_opens_it_like_a_remote_link", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::relative_uri_actions_resolve_against_the_catalog_base", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::links_are_active_in_their_quad_points", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::links_resolve_relative_addresses_and_report_their_quad_points"]
+notes = "A relative URI action resolves against the catalog's /URI /Base (ISO 32000-2 Table 211) when that base is an http(s) address, then goes through the usual check and confirmation; without a base, a relative address is still refused (resolving against the document's own location is not done). A link with valid /QuadPoints is active only inside them, otherwise over /Rect (Table 176); link_list reports resolved_url and active_areas. IsMap is not supported. GoTo and URI links plus local-PDF GoToR links: source-relative or local absolute /F paths, /UF preferred in file-spec dictionaries, explicit numeric page/view destinations, and internal tabs. Absolute local GoToR targets require desktop Allow/Cancel confirmation or an explicit allow_absolute opt-in in link_open; relative links open normally. link_open honors --root. Named remote destinations open at default view with a warning; /NewWindow is a tab hint. A Launch action whose /F names a .pdf file (and has no /Win launch parameters) opens that PDF the same way, backslash separators read as / (#4168); URL/network file systems, GoToE, other Launch actions and other actions are not executed. Same-document destinations retain their supported /XYZ, /Fit, /FitH, /FitV and /FitR views; /FitB* is read as whole-page fit. A null /XYZ left or top keeps the reader's place, as ISO 32000-2 §12.3.2.2 says and Acrobat Reader was observed to do (synthetic fixture): the user-space point at the window's top-left stays there on the target page at the same zoom, along each axis the page overflows; CAD exports (WSCAD) write every cross-reference this way. Null /FitH top and /FitV left still go to the page edge."
 
 [[feature]]
 id = "view.annotation-hover"
@@ -1346,8 +1346,8 @@ milestone = "M3"
 status = "shipped"
 commands = []
 tools = ["doc_info", "layer_set"]
-evidence = ["crates/render/src/raster/tests.rs::layer_override_hides_content", "crates/engine/src/tests.rs::layer_choices_survive_edits", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::layers_and_hidden_comments_change_what_page_render_draws"]
-notes = "layer_set shows or hides a layer by name (every group with that name, as CAD exporters repeat names) or by position, and page_render draws with the document's layer visibility. Still missing: Reset to initial visibility (view.layers-reset), layer properties, and /OC on annotations (#2176)."
+evidence = ["crates/render/src/raster/tests.rs::layer_override_hides_content", "crates/engine/src/tests.rs::layer_choices_survive_edits", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::layers_and_hidden_comments_change_what_page_render_draws", "crates/render/src/raster/tests.rs::the_view_auto_state_sets_a_groups_state_on_screen", "crates/render/src/raster/tests.rs::layer_toggles_and_print_renders_are_not_the_view_auto_state", "crates/render/src/raster/tests.rs::malformed_view_auto_state_is_ignored", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::the_layers_panel_presents_the_order_tree", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/layer_actions.rs::the_layers_panel_shows_the_order_tree"]
+notes = "layer_set shows or hides a layer by name (every group with that name, as CAD exporters repeat names) or by position, and page_render draws with the document's layer visibility. Still missing: Reset to initial visibility (view.layers-reset), layer properties, and /OC on annotations (#2176). The default configuration's auto state for the View event (/AS, ISO 32000-2 8.11.4.4) sets the groups it manages from their /Usage /View /ViewState as the document opens, on screen and in the panel, and toggles still override it; renders for printing and print previews don't apply it; printing takes the Print event's auto state instead (print.print-ready-pdf). Not yet: the /Zoom, /User and /Language categories. The panel presents the default configuration's /Order (ISO 32000-2 Table 99) as a tree: a nested array one level deeper, a leading text string as a label that can't be toggled. Groups /Order leaves out aren't listed but still draw in their state, and a document without /Order lists none, the default Table 99 gives; doc_info reports the rows as layer_order. Not yet: /ListMode /VisiblePages."
 
 [[feature]]
 id = "view.layers-reset"
@@ -1358,7 +1358,7 @@ milestone = "M12"
 status = "partial"
 commands = []
 tools = ["doc_info"]
-evidence = ["crates/engine/src/tests.rs::reset_layers_returns_to_the_files_visibility", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::initial_layer_visibility_is_the_default_configuration"]
+evidence = ["crates/engine/src/tests.rs::reset_layers_returns_to_the_files_visibility", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::initial_layer_visibility_is_the_default_configuration", "crates/render/src/inspect/tests.rs::initial_layer_visibility_applies_the_view_auto_state"]
 notes = "Layers panel ▸ Layer options ▸ Reset to Initial Visibility shows each layer as the default configuration (/OCProperties /D) has it; doc_info reports it as `initial`. Not yet: listing the layers of all pages or the current page only."
 
 [[feature]]
@@ -1418,8 +1418,8 @@ milestone = "M3"
 status = "shipped"
 commands = ["edit.find"]
 tools = ["text_find"]
-evidence = ["crates/ui-egui/tests/it/ui.rs::find_counts_matches_across_pages", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/ui.rs::find_reports_no_matches", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::open_inspect_render_and_find", "crates/render/src/text/tests.rs::identity_v_columns_are_searchable_in_reading_order", "crates/render/src/text/tests.rs::toc_leaders_do_not_hide_word_gaps", "crates/render/src/text/tests.rs::short_tracked_ellipses_remain_searchable", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::find_skips_soft_hyphens_and_zero_width_characters", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::find_joins_a_word_divided_at_a_line_end_soft_hyphen", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_zero_width_space_is_a_word_boundary_for_whole_words", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_chinese_or_japanese_word_divided_by_a_line_end_is_found_on_both_lines", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_line_break_stays_a_space_beside_latin_or_hangul_and_between_side_by_side_text", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_word_divided_between_vertical_columns_is_found_in_both", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::each_unspaced_range_joins_and_spaced_scripts_do_not", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_soft_hyphen_and_a_chinese_or_japanese_line_end_combine", "crates/render/src/text/tests.rs::thai_marks_drawn_one_glyph_at_a_time_keep_their_place_and_words"]
-notes = "Horizontal and WMode 1 vertical text are grouped independently, including a horizontal heading above right-to-left vertical columns. Dotted TOC leaders preserve word spaces for phrase search (#3086), while short tracked ellipses remain intact and searchable; sparse lines and condensed OCR gaps below the existing height-based threshold remain limitations. Combining marks (Mn/Me) of left-to-right scripts drawn right after their letter stay with it in content order, and Thai or Indic word gaps without a space glyph are found as spaces (#6517). Complex interleaved flows still use a geometric reading-order heuristic. Soft hyphens, zero width spaces and joiners, word joiners and U+FEFF inside a word are skipped, in the page and in the query; a skipped zero width space still ends a word for Whole words only. A line break reads as no word break when the line ends in a soft hyphen, or when it runs on between two Chinese or Japanese characters (East Asian Wide, Fullwidth or Halfwidth, not Hangul and not fullwidth Latin letters or digits), so a divided word is found, in horizontal lines and in vertical columns that continue to the left; the break stays a space beside Latin or Korean text and between text set side by side on one line or in staggered cells."
+evidence = ["crates/ui-egui/tests/it/ui.rs::find_counts_matches_across_pages", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/ui.rs::find_reports_no_matches", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::open_inspect_render_and_find", "crates/render/src/text/tests.rs::identity_v_columns_are_searchable_in_reading_order", "crates/render/src/text/tests.rs::toc_leaders_do_not_hide_word_gaps", "crates/render/src/text/tests.rs::short_tracked_ellipses_remain_searchable", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::find_skips_soft_hyphens_and_zero_width_characters", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::find_joins_a_word_divided_at_a_line_end_soft_hyphen", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_zero_width_space_is_a_word_boundary_for_whole_words", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_chinese_or_japanese_word_divided_by_a_line_end_is_found_on_both_lines", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_line_break_stays_a_space_beside_latin_or_hangul_and_between_side_by_side_text", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_word_divided_between_vertical_columns_is_found_in_both", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::each_unspaced_range_joins_and_spaced_scripts_do_not", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_soft_hyphen_and_a_chinese_or_japanese_line_end_combine", "crates/render/src/text/tests.rs::thai_marks_drawn_one_glyph_at_a_time_keep_their_place_and_words", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_ligature_matches_its_letters", "crates/render/tests/it/search.rs::a_word_divided_by_a_line_end_hyphen_matches_whole_and_as_written", "crates/automation/tests/it/find_text.rs::text_find_matches_ligatures_and_words_divided_at_a_line_end"]
+notes = "Horizontal and WMode 1 vertical text are grouped independently, including a horizontal heading above right-to-left vertical columns. Dotted TOC leaders preserve word spaces for phrase search (#3086), while short tracked ellipses remain intact and searchable; sparse lines and condensed OCR gaps below the existing height-based threshold remain limitations. Combining marks (Mn/Me) of left-to-right scripts drawn right after their letter stay with it in content order, and Thai or Indic word gaps without a space glyph are found as spaces (#6517). Complex interleaved flows still use a geometric reading-order heuristic. Soft hyphens, zero width spaces and joiners, word joiners and U+FEFF inside a word are skipped, in the page and in the query; a skipped zero width space still ends a word for Whole words only. A line break reads as no word break when the line ends in a soft hyphen, or when it runs on between two Chinese or Japanese characters (East Asian Wide, Fullwidth or Halfwidth, not Hangul and not fullwidth Latin letters or digits), so a divided word is found, in horizontal lines and in vertical columns that continue to the left; the break stays a space beside Latin or Korean text and between text set side by side on one line or in staggered cells. A Latin ligature (U+FB00–FB06) matches its letters, and a word divided by a hyphen (U+002D or U+2010) between letters at a line end matches whole, highlighted on both lines, as well as with the hyphen. Missing: accent-insensitive matching (an unaccented query finding accented text; an open pull request adds it)."
 
 [[feature]]
 id = "view.find-next-previous"
@@ -4650,8 +4650,8 @@ milestone = "M6"
 status = "shipped"
 commands = ["form.fields"]
 tools = ["form_fill"]
-evidence = ["crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::check_boxes_radios_and_choices", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::check_boxes_and_radios_switch_states", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::tab_and_space_fill_in_a_check_box_between_text_fields", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::clicking_a_check_box_while_typing_keeps_the_text_and_focuses_the_box", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::radio_buttons_take_tab_space_and_arrows", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::a_round_xfa_check_button_draws_a_round_background_and_border", "crates/xfa/src/tests.rs::round_check_buttons_are_marked_for_a_round_appearance", "crates/engine/src/tests.rs::round_xfa_check_buttons_open_drawn_round", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::radio_buttons_sharing_an_on_state_are_exclusive_unless_in_unison", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::clicking_a_radio_button_that_shares_its_on_state", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::a_read_only_radio_button_is_focused_but_not_selected", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::form_fill_picks_one_of_radio_buttons_sharing_an_on_state"]
-notes = "NoToggleToOff honoured; widgets without appearances get our own, drawn round for an XFA check button with shape=\"round\" (its background and border a circle inside the widget, as another viewer draws them on a synthetic form). Tab and Shift+Tab stop on check boxes and on each radio button, Space toggles the focused one, and the arrows move within a radio group (#2223); a click focuses the box too. Radio buttons sharing an on state follow RadiosInUnison (ISO 32000-2 Table 229): with it they turn on together, without it only the clicked one does (its /AS; /V names the shared state), which survives a save; form_fill takes {\"widget\": n} for the same and form_fields lists on_widgets. Without NoToggleToOff a second click deselects the button. Not yet: telling such buttons apart in exported form data (FDF/XFDF carry /V only)"
+evidence = ["crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::check_boxes_radios_and_choices", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::check_boxes_and_radios_switch_states", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::tab_and_space_fill_in_a_check_box_between_text_fields", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::clicking_a_check_box_while_typing_keeps_the_text_and_focuses_the_box", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::radio_buttons_take_tab_space_and_arrows", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::a_round_xfa_check_button_draws_a_round_background_and_border", "crates/xfa/src/tests.rs::round_check_buttons_are_marked_for_a_round_appearance", "crates/engine/src/tests.rs::round_xfa_check_buttons_open_drawn_round", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::radio_buttons_sharing_an_on_state_are_exclusive_unless_in_unison", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::clicking_a_radio_button_that_shares_its_on_state", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::a_read_only_radio_button_is_focused_but_not_selected", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::form_fill_picks_one_of_radio_buttons_sharing_an_on_state", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::check_box_kids_with_different_on_states_tick_one_at_a_time", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::clicking_check_box_kids_with_different_on_states", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::form_fill_ticks_one_kid_of_a_check_box_by_its_on_state", "crates/xfdf/src/tests.rs::imported_values_tick_the_check_box_kid_they_name"]
+notes = "NoToggleToOff honoured; widgets without appearances get our own, drawn round for an XFA check button with shape=\"round\" (its background and border a circle inside the widget, as another viewer draws them on a synthetic form). Tab and Shift+Tab stop on check boxes and on each radio button, Space toggles the focused one, and the arrows move within a radio group (#2223); a click focuses the box too. Radio buttons sharing an on state follow RadiosInUnison (ISO 32000-2 Table 229): with it they turn on together, without it only the clicked one does (its /AS; /V names the shared state), which survives a save; form_fill takes {\"widget\": n} for the same and form_fields lists on_widgets. Without NoToggleToOff a second click deselects the button. A check box whose kids have different on states (ISO 32000-2 §12.7.5.2.3, Table 230) ticks the kid clicked and clears the others, and a second click clears the field; kids sharing an on state tick together. Named values, a reset to /DV, script changes and imported form data tick the kid whose on state they name; form_fill takes the name and form_fields lists the options and the checked one. Not yet: telling such buttons apart in exported form data (FDF/XFDF carry /V only); two same-name field dictionaries (rather than kids) whose on states differ share only the first one's state"
 
 [[feature]]
 id = "form.fill-choice"
@@ -4661,9 +4661,9 @@ tier = "P0"
 milestone = "M6"
 status = "shipped"
 commands = ["form.fields"]
-tools = ["form_fill"]
-evidence = ["crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::check_boxes_radios_and_choices", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::choices_accept_exports_or_display_text", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::an_editable_combo_box_takes_a_typed_value", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::a_combo_box_without_edit_takes_no_typing", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::form_fill_takes_free_text_only_in_an_editable_combo_box"]
-notes = "combo and list boxes, multi-select lists; an editable combo box (Edit flag) has a text box over the field as well as its list, and takes typed text on the page and through form_fill; a combo box without Edit takes only its options. No type-ahead or spell check in the typed box"
+tools = ["form_fill", "form_fields"]
+evidence = ["crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::check_boxes_radios_and_choices", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::choices_accept_exports_or_display_text", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::an_editable_combo_box_takes_a_typed_value", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::a_combo_box_without_edit_takes_no_typing", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::form_fill_takes_free_text_only_in_an_editable_combo_box", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::a_list_box_with_duplicate_export_values_selects_the_option_i_names", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::an_unusable_i_falls_back_to_the_first_option_with_the_value", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::picking_one_of_two_options_with_the_same_export_value_round_trips", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::a_list_box_click_picks_one_of_two_options_with_the_same_export_value", "crates/automation/tests/it/list_selection.rs::form_fields_reports_which_of_two_options_with_one_export_value_is_selected", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::a_single_select_list_given_several_values_shows_the_first", "crates/forms/src/tests.rs::picking_in_a_single_select_list_given_several_values_writes_one", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::a_single_select_list_box_given_two_values_shows_and_takes_one", "crates/automation/tests/it/list_selection.rs::form_fields_reports_one_value_for_a_single_select_list_given_two", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::a_drop_downs_list_opens_as_wide_as_the_field_without_its_internal_name", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/forms.rs::the_arrow_keys_move_through_a_drop_downs_list_and_enter_chooses"]
+notes = "combo and list boxes, multi-select lists; an editable combo box (Edit flag) has a text box over the field as well as its list, and takes typed text on the page and through form_fill; a combo box without Edit takes only its options. a list box whose options share an export value shows and picks the one /I names (ISO 32000-2 Table 234): /I is used when it is integers, ascending, in range and names the same export values as /V, otherwise /V decides and each value selects the first option exporting it; a click or arrow key picks the row by position and writes its export value to /V and its position to /I, and form_fields reports selected (1-based positions); a list box without MultiSelect given an array /V or /DV holds, shows and resets to the first value only (Table 233), leaving the file as it is until the field is filled, when /V becomes one string and /I its position. A combo box shows its arrow on screen and opens its list under the field, as wide as the box, in its text size and alignment, black on white with a highlight that follows the pointer; more than nine items get a scroll bar with step buttons, the wheel scrolls it, and the arrow keys, Page Up/Down, Home and End move through it, Enter choosing (in an editable combo box the keys are its text box's, and the list takes the pointer). The list is drawn in the interface font, not the field's (no serif interface font ships yet). No type-ahead or spell check in the typed box; a combo box whose options share an export value still shows the first of them"
 
 [[feature]]
 id = "form.push-buttons"
@@ -6000,11 +6000,11 @@ title = "Add a suffix to redacted file names"
 area = "G"
 tier = "P3"
 milestone = "M8"
-status = "planned"
-commands = []
-tools = []
-evidence = []
-notes = ""
+status = "shipped"
+commands = ["redact.apply", "file.save"]
+tools = ["redact_apply"]
+evidence = ["crates/ui-egui/tests/it/redact.rs::saving_after_applying_redactions_asks_where", "crates/automation/tests/it/automation.rs::applying_redactions_proposes_the_name_with_redacted", "crates/redact/src/tests.rs::redacted_copies_are_named_with_redacted_before_the_extension"]
+notes = "After Apply redactions, Save asks where and proposes the name with _Redacted before the extension (contract.pdf gives contract_Redacted.pdf; a name already ending in _Redacted keeps one); the web build downloads under that name. redact_apply returns the same name in save_as, for doc_save's path; doc_save without a path still writes in place. The suffix is fixed: there is no preference to change it or to use a prefix."
 
 [[feature]]
 id = "protect.redact-ai-suggestions"
@@ -6223,8 +6223,8 @@ milestone = "M9"
 status = "shipped"
 commands = ["sign.digital"]
 tools = ["sign_document"]
-evidence = ["crates/sign/tests/it/pdf.rs::signing_an_existing_field_and_counter_signing", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/signing.rs::clicking_an_empty_signature_field_signs_it"]
-notes = ""
+evidence = ["crates/sign/tests/it/pdf.rs::signing_an_existing_field_and_counter_signing", "crates/ui-egui/tests/it/signing.rs::clicking_an_empty_signature_field_signs_it", "crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/sign_tab_tests.rs::empty_signature_fields_show_a_sign_tab_that_signs_them", "crates/ui-egui/src/canvas/sign_tab_tests.rs::sign_tabs_skip_fields_that_a_click_cannot_sign"]
+notes = "Clicking an empty signature field signs it (Use a certificate for that field). With the Select tool, each empty field a click would sign (filling allowed, the field not read-only, its widget shown) carries a small accent tab in its top-left corner, sized to the field (0.4 of its height on screen, from 10 to 18 pt): the signature icon and Sign from 14 pt up, the icon alone below that or when the label would take more than half the field's width, and no tab on a field too small for the 10 pt chip. The tab is screen-only chrome, never written into the file, exports or printing, and is hidden while preparing a form. Headless, the fields it marks are the ones sign_list reports unsigned and visible on a page, with their rect, that form_fields doesn't report read-only. Missing: the tab is painted only, with no accessibility node or keyboard focus of its own"
 
 [[feature]]
 id = "sign.invisible-signature"
diff --git a/vendor/README.md b/vendor/README.md
index 3ae6b83cad..232955947e 100644
--- a/vendor/README.md
+++ b/vendor/README.md
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Other resource categories retain their existing parent-chain lookup.
 
 | Crate | Version | Licence | Patches | Test |
 |---|---|---|---|---|
-| hayro-interpret | 0.7.0 | Apache-2.0 OR MIT | (1) select `/AP /N` appearance states via `/AS` (checkboxes, radios, stateful icons) and honour the NoView flag; (2) Type3 Unicode fallback to `/Encoding` glyph names, then printable ASCII; (3) `Type3Glyph::advance_width`; (4) `InterpreterSettings::ocg_overrides` for viewer layer toggles; (5) soft masks whose group lacks `/CS` were dropped (Chrome gradient text); (6) paint nesting cap `MAX_PAINT_NESTING` for tiling patterns and Type 3 glyphs (self-referencing content overflowed the stack); (7) CID width ranges in `/W` and `/W2` clamped to `MAX_CID` (a `0 4294967295 w` range hung); (8) `InterpreterSettings::hide_comments` skips markup annotations but keeps widgets and links (View ▸ Hide all comments); (9) `image_size_ok`: images and masks over 2^28 pixels are not decoded (a fuzzed `/W 4294967295` stencil mask allocated 4 GiB); (10) `MAX_NESTED_PAINTS`: nested paints (forms, Type 3 glyphs and tiling patterns inside one another) share a per-page budget of 50,000 (a glyph showing eight glyphs of its own font, sixteen deep, hung); (11) depends on skrifa 0.47 instead of 0.42 (upstream read-fonts fixed a Type 1 tokenizer that recursed through runs of numbers: a fuzzed font hung or overflowed the stack), with the one API change (`Charset::glyph_id` returns `Option`); (12) annotation appearances whose `/BBox` or `/Matrix` collapses to a line or a point are skipped (mapping them onto `/Rect` divided by zero and handed the device infinite or NaN matrices); (13) a Highlight annotation without a usable normal appearance is drawn from its `/QuadPoints`, `/C` and `/CA` with Multiply blending, as pdfcraft-annot draws highlights (it was not drawn at all); (14) simple-font `/Widths` (`read_widths`): entries only for codes 0–255 (one entry per code below `/FirstChar` was allocated: `4294967295` asked for 34 GB), an entry that isn't a number leaves its code missing instead of ending the array, and a `/LastChar` below `/FirstChar` gives no widths instead of discarding the font for a standard one; (15) the appearance box is mapped onto `/Rect` corner to corner: the translation now accounts for the scale (an appearance whose box didn't start at the origin and differed in size from `/Rect` was drawn shifted); (16) a clip set by `W`/`W*` takes effect after whichever path-painting operator ends the path (`S`, `f`, `B`, … as well as `n`; ISO 32000-2 §8.5.4): it was applied only on `n`, so `re W* S` clipped nothing and the clip stayed pending for a later, unrelated `n`; (17) `InterpreterSettings::cancelled`: once set, interpretation stops before the next content operator (a render pool sets it for every worker when dropped, after an edit or on closing, and for one worker when the watchdog gives up on its render, so renders whose answers nobody can receive stop instead of running to the end); (18) `MAX_PAGE_CONTENT`: the content a page holds at once (its contents, and the forms, tiling patterns and Type 3 glyph procedures being painted) stays within 512 MiB (`decode_content`; once it runs out, `InterpreterWarning::ContentTruncated` is reported (once per page by pdfcraft-render) so a truncated page is not a clean render; each level gives its bytes back when it finishes): forms nest fifty deep and each level kept its content while the next ran, so a form painting itself around a stream inflating to 256 MiB would have held over 12 GB; and Type 0 sampled functions take at most `MAX_SAMPLE_ENTRIES` (2^21) table points and `MAX_SAMPLE_VALUES` (2^23) samples, read no further than `/Size` asks (256 MiB of 1-bit samples asked for over 8 GB); (19) mesh shadings (types 4–7) are sampled only inside the area being drawn (`ShadingPattern::encode_within`, which the vendored hayro renderer calls with that area plus a pixel), within 8 visits per pixel of it plus 4 per triangle (`TriangleSampler`), and patches are triangulated one at a time: points far off the page were sampled over their whole bounding box, up to 65536 × 65536 entries (a fuzzed 147-byte patch stream; a synthetic page passed 6 GB in six seconds), ten thousand overlapping triangles ran for minutes, and every patch became 722 triangles before any limit; meshes hold at most `MAX_MESH_PATCHES` (2^16) patches and `MAX_MESH_TRIANGLES` (2^20) triangles, a lattice needs two to 2^19 vertices per row (`/VerticesPerRow 0` pushed empty rows for ever; one huge row read the whole stream), and a page samples at most `MAX_PAGE_MESH_TRIANGLES` (2^25) mesh triangles in all (a mesh painted a thousand times was triangulated a thousand times); each cut logs a warning; (20) PDF function construction is limited to 64 levels and 10,000 total nodes with cycle detection; calculator parsing and evaluation share procedure depth/work budgets, integer division/bitshift/rotation/index are panic-free, and fixed-size stack errors propagate; (21) a Type 0 font drawn with a substitute that isn't CID-keyed (it isn't embedded, or its program doesn't load) draws `.notdef` for a CID of an Adobe character collection (Japan1, GB1, CNS1, Korea1) that it can't find by Unicode: hayro took the CID for a glyph index of the substitute, which numbers its glyphs its own way, so the character was drawn as an unrelated one (𠮷 as "Ｑ" in BIZ UDPGothic); (22) a Type 0 font drawn with a substitute finds a character given with a variation selector (`/ToUnicode`, or Adobe-Japan1-UCS2, which maps the JIS X 0208 forms of the kanji JIS X 0213:2004 redrew that way: CID 1247 is 噂 U+E0100) through the substitute's variation sequences, else as the character alone: such a CID found no glyph and was drawn as an unrelated one; (23) backport of hayro 0.8's `gradient` module: `EncodedShadingPattern::as_svg_gradient` turns an axial or radial shading into stops of an sRGB gradient (within 0.01 per channel, a stop at every stitching-function bound via `Function::stitching_bounds`) when a native gradient draws it exactly (extended past the box drawn in; a radial one with no background colour); (24) `DecodedImageCache`: decoded image pixels shared across renders through the interpreter cache within a 64 MiB budget (an image-heavy page decoded its thousands of images again per tile and per scale), keyed by every decode input (`DecodedImageKey`: the stream's place and dictionary bytes, its object, mask/stencil/raster output, interpolation, decode target size, preview or final); images under a transfer function and inline images are not cached, an image over the budget is never kept, and a poisoned lock decodes uncached; (25) `Device::actual_text` hands the device a marked content sequence's `/ActualText` (inline or named in `/Properties`), so text extraction keeps the Thai, Indic and Arabic clusters Chrome marks this way (their shaped tone marks and vowels have no Unicode of their own); (26) non-embedded simple fonts drawn with a standard-font stand-in build the Latin Extended-A letters the stand-in lacks (`/Gbreve`, `/Idotaccent`, `/Scedilla`, `/aogonek`, `/ccaron`…) from the base letter and accent it has (`StandardKind::composite_glyph`, `ACCENTED_LETTERS`): PDFium's Foxit stand-ins hold only the Standard/WinAnsi/Mac Roman glyphs, so iText letters with Times New Roman unembedded showed blanks for Ğ, İ, Ş, ğ and ş; the comma-below letters (`/scommaaccent`, `/Tcommaaccent`, `/kcommaaccent`…, found by character, so `/uni0136` and the glyph list's `/Kcedilla` too) are the letter and the font's comma, smaller and under the baseline, since the stand-ins have no `commaaccent` (Romanian ș drew nothing and ț a cedilla in forms laid out from XFA; ģ, whose comma is turned and above, is not built); (27) an embedded TrueType font without a base encoding reads its codes as WinAnsi for text extraction (`EmbeddedKind::code_to_unicode_name`), matching pdftotext's output, instead of Standard: OCR text layers of scans write WinAnsi codes with no `/Encoding`, and Standard has no ü, ö or ß and reads é as Ø (glyph selection unchanged); (28) an image whose pixels hold at most 16 bits of samples (an 8-bit Separation or DeviceN image, a 1-, 2- or 4-bit gray or indexed one) is converted once per possible pixel value through a lookup table instead of once per pixel (`rgb_via_lookup`): a spot-colour tint transform is often a PostScript calculator program, run for every pixel, so a fillable character sheet's 3304 × 4105 DeviceN background took four seconds and 430 MB to draw a page; each entry is converted on its own (`convert_each`), so a tint transform giving the wrong number of components for a value the image never uses cannot shift the colours of the values it does; (29) `Device::begin_annotations`/`end_annotations` bracket the page's annotations, so a device can tell comment paints from document paints (reading colours recolour the document, never a comment, #1548); (30) the Annex D.2 alias codes read as the ink they draw: WinAnsiEncoding 0xA0 and 0xAD, and MacRomanEncoding 0xCA, carry the glyph names `space` and `hyphen` -- the names those tables also give 0x20 and 0x2D -- not `nbspace` and `sfthyphen`, whose glyph list values U+00A0 and U+00AD are invisible formatting characters. Extraction hid drawn ink behind them, so search and redaction matched neither (`XiaoBiaoSong.pdf` in the pdf.js corpus drew 104 soft hyphens; across the 989 files the soft hyphens we extract fall from 117 to 13 and the non-breaking spaces from 30 to 26, what remains coming from `/ToUnicode` maps, which say so explicitly). The base table only, in the text direction only: a `/Differences` name keeps its glyph list value and glyph lookup is untouched, both as pdftotext does; (31) a Type 0 sampled function keeps its samples in one flat array indexed by strides (`Type0::entry`) instead of a hash map keyed by each grid point: the map was built again, one hashed insert per sample, every time a shading using the function was painted (a 2,097,152-sample ramp painted 30 times took 38 s; `bug1721218` in the pdf.js corpus spent most of a 1.5 s page on it); the interpolation is unchanged, so results are bit for bit the same, a sample missing from a short stream still gives no value, and the maximum sample value is computed without overflowing at 32 bits per sample; (32) the decoded-image cache (24) keys a decode by the size the image is drawn at only when a JPX stream decodes it or its soft mask or mask (`decode_reads_target`): JPX is the only filter that decodes a reduced resolution for a size, so a JPEG or Flate scan was decoded again at every zoom step and kept once per zoom level; one decode now serves every size; `InterpreterCache::decoded_image_decodes` counts the cache's decodes; (33) Coons and tensor-product patches copy their vertices' colours less: each point of a patch's 20 × 20 triangle grid is interpolated once (`generate_patch_triangles`; each cell interpolated its four corners itself, 1,444 interpolations a patch for 400 points), a cell's second triangle takes the vertices its first copied, and the mesh sampler moves a patch's triangles into device space instead of copying each vertex (`TriangleSampler::sample_owned`); the same values, 10–16% faster on mesh-gradient pages; (34) `color::tint_transform_runs`: how many colours the calling thread has run through a Separation or DeviceN tint transform (counted once per batch in `convert_f32`), so a test counts patch (28)'s once-per-sample-value runs instead of timing them (its 10 s deadline failed on a busy FreeBSD VM in CI); (35) `EncodedShadingPattern::extent`: where a mesh shading (types 4–7) can paint at all, the pixels its triangles touched when it was encoded (`None` for the types that paint everywhere, and when the shading has a `/Background`), so the renderer samples a texture there alone and skips a mesh with nothing on the canvas; (36) a mesh shading's pixel whose corner no triangle holds strictly (on an edge two triangles share, or on the mesh's side) takes the triangle that covers its centre, edges included (`Triangle::covers`): testing only the corner left a white seam along every shared edge, and the colour is still taken at the corner; (38) the `/DefaultGray`, `/DefaultRGB` and `/DefaultCMYK` colour spaces of a resource dictionary (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.5.6) replace the device space content selects: with `g`/`G`, `rg`/`RG`, `k`/`K` and `cs`/`CS` (by name, or through a `/ColorSpace` resource that is a device space), and as the `/ColorSpace` of an image XObject, an inline image or a shading painted by `sh` or as a shading pattern (`DefaultColorSpaces`, looked up once per content window in the resources and those they inherit, so a form XObject without a default of its own draws in its page's, as Poppler and MuPDF draw it); a default that is a Lab, Indexed, Pattern or device space, has another number of components or is no colour space is ignored and device colour is drawn as before; device spaces inside other spaces (an Indexed base, a Separation or DeviceN alternate, a Pattern's underlying space), shading dictionaries, masks and transparency group spaces are unchanged, and the decoded-image cache (24) keys a decode by the default it was drawn in. hayro drew device colour as it was, so pages that calibrate it this way (common in PDF/A) came out in the wrong colours; (39) knockout groups (#2971): `Device::set_knockout` right after a `/K true` group is pushed; `Device::knockout_image` for an unmasked image before its group is pushed, when `Device::in_knockout_group`: the device clears its placement rectangle only if it will draw the image (on the canvas, not a preview's tiny image, and it decodes), decoded at its draw size so the draw reuses that decode; and, when `Device::knockout_erase_wanted`, a nested group's content drawn once between `begin_knockout_erase` and `end_knockout_erase` before the group itself, which then always gets a layer of its own; (40) an optional content membership dictionary's visibility expression (`/VE`: `/And`, `/Or`, `/Not`, nested up to 32 deep) decides its visibility ahead of `/OCGs` and `/P` (ISO 32000-2 §8.11.2.2); it was ignored, so content under it stayed visible with its layers hidden; a malformed expression, including one naming an object the document doesn't list in `/OCProperties /OCGs`, falls back to `/OCGs` and `/P` (#2986); (41) a transparency group that is neither isolated nor knockout, entered at full opacity with no soft mask and Normal blending, is drawn straight onto the page instead of into a layer of its own (§11.4.7: its elements composite with the backdrop; the layer made a `/BM /Multiply` highlight appearance an opaque block, #1968); (42) text in a Type 3 font is drawn filled whatever the text rendering mode, except mode 3 (invisible): only that mode has any effect on Type 3 fonts (ISO 32000-1 §9.3.6). Stroking ran the glyph procedure a second time, so `2 Tr` made bitmap fonts look bold, `1 Tr` painted an uncoloured glyph in the stroking colour, and `7 Tr` hid it (`7 Tr` since follows 64); (43) Lab colour spaces honour their own `/WhitePoint`: L\*a\*b\* goes to XYZ relative to that white, is Bradford-adapted to D65 and converted to sRGB (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.5.4) instead of through `LAB.icc` as if every white were D50 (a D65 blue came out 45 levels too red; the profile is removed); components normalised to [0, 1] (`manual_scale`, an `/Indexed` palette over Lab) map onto L\* 0..100 and the a\*/b\* `/Range`; (44) a Type 0 font whose `/ToUnicode` is the name `/Identity-H` or `/Identity-V` (not a CMap stream; WSCAD writes it) reads each code as its Unicode value, as Acrobat shows it (`Type0Font::identity_to_unicode`); the identity CMap the name resolved to maps codes to CIDs only, so such pages had no text to select or find; (46) an image XObject's group applies the fill opacity, so the fill alpha is reset to 1 before a stencil mask takes the fill colour as its paint, and a pattern paint drops the opacity it captured at `scn` (`Pattern::without_opacity`) (it was applied twice: a mask at `ca 0.5` was drawn at a quarter, #2975); (47) `path_as_rect`: a five-element path is a rectangle only when its four points are distinct, each step from one to the next runs along a single axis, and the last returns to the first. The length test admits one MoveTo and four LineTo as well as one MoveTo, three LineTo and a ClosePath, and asking only that every corner of the bounding box was visited says nothing about the order or the steps between, so a five-point polyline whose ends reached the corners was painted as that box -- a fourth side the path does not have -- and a clip of that shape was discarded; the coordinates are compared exactly, since the matrix is applied after this check and a `cm` of 10,000 turns `is_nearly_equal`'s 256th of a unit into tens of device units (#3327); (48) an `/ICCBased` colour space is cached by what its profile is read from (`IccProfileKey`): the stream object it names, looked up without reading the stream, and then the stream's dictionary and its own bytes (decrypted, not decoded), so a byte-for-byte copy of a profile in another object is read once, and a profile stream written directly in its array, which reports the object holding the array as every other stream written there does, is told apart by its bytes. hayro keyed it by the stream dictionary's bytes alone, so two different profiles with the same `/N` and `/Length` shared whichever was read first, and colours in the second were drawn through the first. `InterpreterCache::icc_profile_reads` counts the profiles read; (49) `OpenTypeFontBlob::new` also accepts a `post` table version 1.0, 2.0 or 3.0 written with its 16-bit halves swapped (`00 00 00 03`), as ScanSoft PDF Create! embeds every font; such fonts were refused and their text drawn with a substitute (Hebrew came out garbled or missing, #2946); `glyph_names` reads such a table from a copy with the version written correctly, so a 2.0 table's names serve `/Differences`. Any other unknown version is still refused (pdf.js 9462); (50) `CffFontBlob::glyph_index_by_name` looks a glyph name up in a name to glyph map built on first use (shared between clones) instead of searching the whole charset, with a string lookup per glyph, for every character code of a font; the first glyph with a name still wins; (51) at most 4096 graphics states saved at once, holding at most 64 MiB together (each `q` copies the whole state, dash array and clip list included, so short operators multiplied one large state); a `q` past either limit is counted but not copied, and its `Q` still removes the clips added since (from storytold/craft-libs#239); (52) a `/W2` run whose first CID is past `MAX_CID` stops there, as in `/W` (7), checked before the run's metrics are read: a first CID of 4294967295 inserted one entry and then overflowed, discarding the whole `/W2` table (from storytold/craft-libs#254); (55) a Separation or DeviceN tint transform that cannot be read keeps its colour space, and one that cannot be read or evaluated paints the alternate space's initial colour, as evaluation failures already did; that fallback, and a `cs`/`CS` colour space that cannot be read (drawn in DeviceGray as before), are now reported once per content stream as `InterpreterWarning::ColorFallback` (`RenderWarning::ColourFallback` in `pdfcraft-render`) instead of silently (#4260); (56) an annotation whose Invisible flag (bit 1) is set and whose `/Subtype` is none of the standard types of ISO 32000-2 Table 171 (`is_standard_annotation_type`; no `/Subtype` counts as unknown) is not drawn (Table 167), and a `/Popup` annotation's appearance is never painted on the page (§12.5.6.14: a popup has no appearance stream of its own; the viewer shows it as a window for its parent annotation). Both were drawn from their `/AP`; (57) a simple font drawn with a standard-font stand-in because the document names a font it doesn't embed (`StandardKind` with `fallback`) narrows a glyph to a narrower `/Widths` advance but no longer widens it to a wider one: the advance already places the next glyph (ISO 32000-2 §9.2.4; /Widths in Table 109), and widening drew a non-embedded `Arial,Bold` with 600-unit widths as a heavy fixed-pitch face whose `i` and `l` were solid blocks twice their width; an exact standard-14 font still matches its standard metrics both ways; (58) the fallback request for a Type 0 font that is not embedded (`FallbackFontQuery::with_descriptor`) takes its serif, italic and small-cap flags, `/FontWeight`, `/FontFamily` and `/FontStretch` from the descendant CIDFont's font descriptor (ISO 32000-2 §9.7.4.1, §9.7.6.1; §9.8): it read them from the Type 0 dictionary, which has none, so every such request asked for a regular sans-serif face and no resolver could tell a Song or Mincho font from a Hei or Gothic one, or see `/FontWeight 700`; (59) the NoRotate flag (`/F` bit 5) is honoured: the appearance, fitted to `/Rect`, is turned against the page's `/Rotate` about the rectangle's upper-left corner, which stays where it is, so it reads upright as the page is displayed (ISO 32000-2 §12.5.3). Sticky notes, which are saved NoRotate, were drawn turned with the page (#2583). Form fields and links stay in `/Rect`, where PdfCraft takes their click targets from it; (63) a luminosity soft mask whose group colour space is `/DeviceCMYK` (by name, not an ICC-based or calibrated space) reads a `/DeviceCMYK` fill or stroke colour drawn in it, and its `/BC`, as their gray `1 - min(1, 0.3 c + 0.59 m + 0.11 y + k)` (ISO 32000-2 §10.4.2.3, §11.5.3: device colour converts to gray with no colour calibration; `Context::luminosity_in_device_cmyk`, `color::device_cmyk_to_gray`): it went through the CMYK display profile, where 100% K is a dark grey, so a 100% K mask let about an eighth of the masked paint through. CMYK images, shadings and tiling patterns inside such a mask, and CMYK on the page, still use the profile; (64) text in a Type 3 font follows ISO 32000-2 §9.3.6 in the clipping modes: under `7 Tr` it is not rendered (reported to the device as clipping text, `GlyphDrawMode::Clip`, so extraction keeps it), and in modes 4 to 7 a Type 3 glyph adds nothing to the clipping path (`clip_glyph`), so text shown only in a Type 3 font leaves no clip at `ET`. Since (42) `7 Tr` painted the glyphs in the fill colour (black by default), so a fill meant to follow showed them wherever it didn't cover them; 4 to 6 still render filled; (66) a Separation colour space whose colourant is the special name `All` paints every colourant at once (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.4): on screen and in an RGB print raster its tint t is the gray 1 − t, complemented because the device is additive, whatever its alternate space and tint transform say (hayro drew it through the tint transform, so a `/DeviceCMYK` transform giving cyan drew registration marks light cyan); `/None` still paints nothing, any other name still goes through its alternate, and a DeviceN space naming `All` keeps its alternate, since the clause gives the name that meaning in a Separation space; (71) a lookup table in an indirect string reads: it was read as a stream first, which uses up a reference (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3); (72) an uncoloured pattern's underlying space given as a name or a reference is used: it was skipped, so a CMYK cyan drew red (ISO 32000-2 §8.7.3.3); (73) `InterpreterSettings::jbig2_work`, set for each page in `interpret_page` and ended with it, and a JBIG2 image or an image with a JBIG2 mask past it left out with `ContentTruncated`; (74) colour spaces nest at most 32 levels, through every way one names another, so a chain of them ends instead of overflowing the stack; an ICC profile's `/Alternate` is read where it's met and isn't kept with the profile, or a page could build a chain past the limit on spaces already read; (75) a soft hyphen (U+00AD) that a CFF substitute for a CID font has no glyph for draws its hyphen, as Annex D.2 reads WinAnsi 0xAD in (30), instead of the CID taken as a glyph index (#5888); (76) a CID of an Arial the PDF doesn't embed (`CIDFontType2`, not of an Adobe character collection; `ArialMT`, `Arial-BoldMT`, `Arial,Bold` and the other two faces, not Arial Narrow, Black or Unicode MS) that no Unicode route draws names, through its `/CIDToGIDMap`, the Arial glyph of the standard Macintosh order (read-fonts' `post::DEFAULT_GLYPH_NAMES`, its first 258 glyphs), and a CFF substitute draws its glyph of that name (.notdef when it has none) instead of the CID taken as its own glyph index (#5889); (78) `TilingPattern::instance` numbers each setting of a tiling pattern (`scn`/`SCN`), its copies keeping the number, and `TilingPattern::is_coloured` reports `/PaintType 1`, so a renderer can draw a coloured cell once for every fill of one setting (hayro patch (30)); (82) a soft mask (or `/Mask` image) larger than its image and more than twice as large on a side as the device pixels its image is drawn at is averaged down to that size, rounded up to a power of two, in `ImageXObject::decoded_soft_mask`, and cached there (`DecodedImageKey::shrunk_to`, with the image's raster keyed by the same rounded size); every size is made from one cached intermediate mask at most 4096 on a side, so the full mask is decoded once however many sizes it is drawn at: it bypassed the decoded-image cache and was decoded, copied and staged at full size each time it was drawn. A 2 × 2 image with a 34,862 × 4,332 mask drawn 40 times on one slide (pdf.js `issue16263.pdf`) took about 3.6 s a draw and minutes a page; it now decodes the mask once and draws the page in about 2.5 s. A mask no larger than twice its drawn size keeps its resolution, which the renderer filters as before; `InterpreterCache::decoded_mask_decodes` counts the masks among the decodes; (83) an embedded TrueType program whose `head.indexToLocFormat` holds neither 0 nor 1 is read with the `loca` format its table's length gives (`with_loca_format_fixed`): the glyph reader took anything but 1 as short offsets, so a font marked 256 had its long offsets misread and drew boxes (pdf.js `issue2537r.pdf`); (84) a Type 0 font of an Adobe character collection (Japan1, GB1, CNS1, Korea1) reads a code its `/ToUnicode` has nothing for, or every code when it has none, through the collection's UCS2 CMap, code to CID to Unicode, embedded or not (ISO 32000-2 §9.10.2; `Type0Font::ucs2`, parsed the first time a code needs it): only fonts that are not embedded took that route, so Japanese and Chinese pages whose fonts are embedded without a `/ToUnicode`, or with one that maps nothing, had no text to select, find or copy; (85) a Type 0 font's `/ToUnicode` written as a CID CMap (`begincidchar` / `begincidrange`, destinations as numbers, as Word writes it) gives each number as the code's Unicode value for text, as glyph lookup (`map_via_unicode`) already read it and as pdftotext and PDFium extract it; ISO 32000-2 §9.10.3 has `beginbfchar` / `beginbfrange` there, and such text extracted nothing (pdf.js `issue9367`); (86) form fields' widgets are drawn after the page's other annotations, each group in `/Annots` order (`interpret_page`), as MuPDF and PDFium draw them; ISO 32000-2 doesn't order the two: a check box listed before a filled square comment that covers it was hidden under the comment (pdf.js `issue13003.pdf`); (87) a Type 3 font keeps each glyph procedure it decoded (`Type3::decoded_proc`), so a glyph shown again isn't inflated again: a font used as a fill pattern drew one glyph about 650,000 times on a page and decoded its procedure for each; a procedure over 64 KiB isn't kept, and the fonts of one `InterpreterCache` keep at most 32 MiB together (`MAX_CACHED_TYPE3_PROCS`), each kept procedure counting its bytes, its name and 64 bytes besides, as fonts live as long as the cache; a procedure holds its bytes within the page's content budget while the glyph is painted, kept or not (`context::hold_content`), so a page skips the same glyphs once the budget is spent, and one decoded with no more than 64 KiB of budget left, which the budget may have cut short, isn't kept; `InterpreterCache::type3_proc_decodes` counts the procedures decoded; (88) the rule of (76) also reads Times New Roman (`TimesNewRomanPSMT`, `TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT`, `TimesNewRoman,Bold` and the other faces, not Times or Times New Roman MT Std), whose first 258 glyphs follow that order too: in a public form whose embedded Times New Roman subsets keep their glyph indexes, 941 of 942 `/ToUnicode` entries below 258 name that order's character, and its non-embedded `TimesNewRoman,Bold` drew "Salarié(e) du régime général" as "Salari²*g+f w't²i lo g'ì²p²tcn" (#6449); (89) a form XObject already being drawn is not drawn inside itself (`Context::enter_form`, reported as `ContentTruncated`, §8.10.1): a name in its content that reached it again, through its own resources or the page resources a form with its own still falls back on, drew it until the page's nested-paint budget was spent (PDFBOX-5782, 38 s); the forms being drawn are kept per page and thread, so the tiling patterns, Type 3 glyphs, soft masks and groups painted inside a form, which are interpreted in contexts of their own, see it too; (90) a Type 3 font without `/Widths` (or `/FirstChar`/`/LastChar`) advances each glyph by the width its glyph procedure sets with `d0` or `d1` (`Type3::proc_width`, ISO 32000-2 9.6.4) instead of 0, read once per code; a font with `/Widths` is unchanged, a code outside `/FirstChar`..`/LastChar` keeping width 0 (Table 110) (PDFBOX-2943: a misspelt `/Widths` key drew every glyph on one spot), and selecting such a font reports `InterpreterWarning::Type3WidthsMissing` (`Font::type3_widths_missing`, checked in `Context::resolve_font`); (91) the decoded-image cache keeps a failed decode for its key, as the warnings it reported, so a picture or stencil mask that doesn't decode (damaged data, a JPX or JBIG2 stream its decoder refuses) isn't decoded again at every draw, tile and render that shares the cache, and each draw still reports what the decode did (`DecodedImageCache::get_or_insert_with`, `ImageXObject::reporting_to`); a failure counts 128 bytes towards the cache's budget, and one the page's JBIG2 allowance may have caused (73) isn't kept (the hayro-syntax comment on `charge_page_reading` says so); (92) the text of a glyph whose name is not in the glyph list reads `uniXXXX` and `uXXXX` to `uXXXXXX` by the Adobe Glyph List Specification (`agl_unicode_from_name`: `uni` and exactly four uppercase hex digits, `u` and four to six, no surrogate, nothing past U+10FFFF), so `uni65`, `u65`, `uni20ac` and `uni+065` read as nothing instead of `e` and `€`; upstream's lenient `unicode_from_name` stays for finding a glyph in a font (TrueType `cmap` lookup, accented standard-font letters), so drawing is unchanged; (93) a CID-keyed CFF font keeps the font dicts it can read: a font dict without a Private DICT (one a subsetter emptied) leaves only the glyphs FDSelect gives it missing, where one such dict dropped the whole font and its text drew with a fallback (ISO 32000-2 §9.9 Table 124, Adobe TN #5176); (94) a font dictionary whose `/Subtype` is missing or the empty name (`/Subtype /`) is read as Type 1, so its `/BaseFont` picks the face (ISO 32000-2 Table 109 requires `/Subtype`; other readers fall back this way): a `/Courier-Bold` was drawn in the Helvetica fallback (PDFBOX-1988). Any other unknown subtype is still refused; (98) a non-embedded font named `SymbolMT`, or `Symbol`/`SymbolMT` with a `,` or `-` style suffix (`Symbol,Bold`, `Symbol-Bold`; `SYMBOL_STYLES`, so `Symbol-Helvetica` stays another font), is the standard Symbol font and draws through its built-in encoding, so a TrueType `SymbolMT` declaring `/WinAnsiEncoding` draws `mu` for code 0x6D, not `m` (ISO 32000-2 §9.6.2.2); (99) the mesh sampler walks each row of a triangle only across the columns where that row's sample points can lie in it, not its whole box (a row with none still costs a visit): thin triangles of the fixed 19 × 19 patch grid lying across the pixel grid (a narrow curved band of tensor patches) have boxes many times their area, and a mesh painted through a path the size of its own box spent the visit budget before its last patches and left them unpainted; (100) a Type 1 or Type 3 font glyph name that only numbers its glyph (`C39`, `MT72`, `G4E`: one to three letters, then decimal or hexadecimal digits) and names the very code it is shown with reads as that code's Latin-1 character (controls excepted; in a Type 3 font, which already reads codes 32-126 by the code, above 126), in a font where every such name names its own code (`numbered_names_name_their_codes`, worked out once per font); a font with any numbered name at another code (`/C1` at 233, review on #3239; `/Differences [1 /C70 …]`) or at a C0 control code (a subset counting its glyphs from code 1, `/Differences [1 /C1 /C2 …]`, where `/C65` is the 65th glyph used) keeps reading them as nothing (#3170); (101) a symbolic TrueType font with no encoding reads a code as Mac OS Roman in text extraction when its Macintosh Roman (1, 0) `cmap` subtable selects the glyph the code draws (ISO 32000-2 §9.6.5.4) and that glyph sits where the standard Macintosh glyph order (`post` version 1.0) puts the code's Mac OS Roman character, for a font whose `post` table names no glyphs, that names no base encoding (an unknown name included) and that isn't Symbol or ZapfDingbats (§9.6.6.1), after `/Differences` and before the WinAnsi last resort; Windows subsets in the same order keep their WinAnsi reading, and glyph selection is unchanged; (102) `OutlineGlyph::vertical_glyph_width`: a vertical-writing Type 0 glyph's width w0 from `/W` or `/DW`, its extent across the column (ISO 32000-2 §9.7.4.3), which `advance_width` (the horizontal advance, 0 in vertical writing) does not give; (81) a reply of type R (a markup annotation with an `/IRT` and an `/RT` other than `/Group`; R is the default, so a missing, unknown or malformed `/RT` reads as R; a widget, link or pop-up with `/IRT` still draws) is not drawn, whatever its appearance or flags: ISO 32000-2 Table 172 says such replies "shall not" be displayed individually but in their comment's thread (files from editors that give every reply a note-icon appearance showed a stack of icons, #5631); a `/RT /Group` member still draws | (1) `raster::tests::widget_appearance_states`; (2, 3) `xtask text-oracle` on corpus/pdfjs issue918; (4) `raster::tests::layer_override_hides_content`; (5) `raster::tests::soft_mask_without_group_colour_space_is_applied`; (6) `raster::tests::self_referencing_tiling_pattern_terminates`, `raster::tests::self_referencing_type3_glyph_terminates`; (7) `raster::tests::huge_cid_width_ranges_terminate`; (8) `raster::tests::hiding_comments_keeps_fields`; (9) `raster::tests::absurd_mask_and_fax_sizes_are_refused_before_decoding`; (10) `raster::tests::type3_glyphs_that_fan_out_into_themselves_finish`; (11) `raster::tests::type1_font_programs_with_long_runs_of_numbers_load_quickly`; (12) `raster::tests::degenerate_annotation_appearances_are_skipped`; (13) `raster::tests::highlights_without_an_appearance_are_drawn`; (14) `raster::tests::malformed_simple_font_widths_keep_later_widths_and_the_font`, `raster::tests::huge_simple_font_first_char_terminates`; (15) `raster::tests::annotation_appearance_box_maps_onto_rect`; (16) `raster::tests::clipping_path_applies_after_any_painting_operator`; (17) `raster::tests::dropping_the_pool_cancels_its_renders`, `raster::tests::the_watchdog_stops_the_render_it_gives_up_on`; (18) `raster::tests::page_contents_and_nested_forms_share_one_budget`, `raster::tests::content_painted_again_and_again_keeps_drawing`, `raster::tests::sampled_functions_with_billions_of_samples_are_refused`; (19) `raster::tests::mesh_shadings_far_off_the_page_render`, `raster::tests::many_overlapping_mesh_triangles_finish`, `raster::tests::mesh_shadings_with_many_patches_or_no_rows_finish`; (20) `raster::tests::function_limits_calculator_arithmetic_and_depth`, `raster::tests::function_limits_public_construction_work_and_depth`, `raster::tests::function_limits_stitching_cycles_are_refused_and_shared_children_work`, `raster::tests::function_limits_invalid_calculator_keeps_the_page_renderable`; (21) `raster::tests::cids_a_substitute_lacks_are_not_drawn_as_other_glyphs`; (22) `raster::tests::variation_sequences_draw_their_kanji_in_a_substitute`; (23) `raster::tests::axial_and_radial_shadings_draw_as_native_gradients`; (24) `raster::tests::tiles_match_full_render`, `raster::tests::skipping_paths_off_the_canvas_changes_no_pixel` (both decode through the cache), `raster::tests::decoded_images_with_identical_dictionaries_keep_their_own_pixels`, `raster::tests::decoded_images_under_a_transfer_function_are_not_shared`; (25) `text::tests::actual_text_replaces_the_glyphs_it_marks_in_every_writing_direction`, `text::tests::actual_text_follows_the_pdf_rules_for_marked_content`; (26) `raster::tests::accented_letters_the_standard_stand_ins_lack_are_built_from_their_parts`, `raster::tests::comma_below_letters_in_standard_fonts_draw_a_comma_under_the_letter`; (27) `text::tests::truetype_without_an_encoding_reads_its_codes_as_win_ansi`; (28) `raster::tests::spot_colour_images_run_their_tint_transform_once_per_sample_value`, `raster::tests::images_converted_through_a_table_keep_every_samples_colour`, `raster::tests::a_malformed_tint_for_an_unused_sample_keeps_the_used_colours`; (29) `raster::tests::reading_colors_keep_highlight_annotations_readable`; (30) `text::tests::the_annex_d2_alias_codes_read_as_an_ordinary_hyphen_and_space`; (31) `raster::tests::shadings_with_large_sampled_functions_paint_quickly`, `raster::tests::sampled_functions_interpolate_their_grid_as_before`; (32) `raster::tests::decoded_images_serve_every_size_they_are_drawn_at`; (33) `raster::tests::patch_meshes_keep_their_corner_colours`; (34) `raster::tests::spot_colour_images_run_their_tint_transform_once_per_sample_value`; (35) `mesh_extent_tests::{a_mesh_paints_its_triangles_alone, a_mesh_keeps_the_graphics_state_alpha, a_mesh_off_the_canvas_paints_nothing}` (`cargo test -p hayro`); (36) `raster::tests::mesh_triangles_sharing_an_edge_leave_no_seam`; (38) `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::device_rgb_operators_draw_in_default_rgb`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::device_cmyk_operators_draw_in_default_cmyk`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::device_gray_operators_draw_in_default_gray`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::device_images_draw_in_the_default_colour_spaces`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::device_shadings_draw_in_the_default_colour_spaces`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::an_image_drawn_with_and_without_a_default_keeps_both_colours`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::forms_inherit_the_default_colour_spaces_they_do_not_override`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::unusable_defaults_leave_device_colour_alone`; (39) `raster::tests::knockout_groups_replace_what_their_elements_cover`; (40) `raster::tests::visibility_expressions_decide_what_a_membership_dictionary_shows`; (41) `raster::tests::a_multiply_highlight_inside_a_transparency_group_keeps_the_text`; (42) `raster::tests::rendering_modes_but_3_and_7_draw_type3_glyphs_as_filled`; (43) `raster::tests::lab_honours_the_space_white_point`, `raster::tests::indexed_palettes_over_lab_keep_their_colours`; (44) `text::tests::identity_to_unicode_names_give_text`; (46) `raster::tests::stencil_masks_are_drawn_at_the_fill_opacity_once`; (47) `raster::tests::a_five_point_polyline_is_not_painted_as_its_bounding_box`, `raster::tests::a_path_that_visits_every_corner_out_of_order_is_not_a_rectangle`, `raster::tests::a_rectangle_is_still_painted_as_a_rectangle`; (48) `raster::tests::icc_profile_cache::icc_profiles_with_identical_dictionaries_draw_their_own_colours`, `raster::tests::icc_profile_cache::icc_profiles_used_again_are_read_once`; (49) `raster::tests::a_font_whose_post_version_has_swapped_halves_is_still_used`; (50) `font::blob::tests::glyph_names_resolve_to_the_first_glyph_with_that_name`; (51) `context::saved_state_tests::repeated_saves_stay_bounded_and_balanced`; (52) `font::cid::tests::w2_run_past_the_largest_cid_keeps_the_rest_of_the_table` (hayro-interpret); (55) `raster::tests::devicen_inks::a_tint_transform_that_cannot_be_evaluated_draws_the_rest_of_the_page_and_warns`, `raster::tests::devicen_inks::a_tint_transform_that_cannot_be_read_falls_back_and_warns`; (56) `raster::tests::invisible_unknown_annotations_and_popups_paint_nothing`; (57) `substitute_widths::a_substitute_keeps_its_glyph_shapes_at_wider_advances`, `substitute_widths::a_substitute_still_narrows_glyphs_to_narrower_advances` (pdfcraft-render `tests/it`); (58) `cid_fallback_query::a_cid_font_fallback_request_carries_its_descendants_style`, `cid_fallback_query::a_cid_font_without_a_descriptor_asks_for_the_default_style` (pdfcraft-render integration tests); (59) `raster::tests::no_rotate_notes_stay_upright_at_their_corner_on_rotated_pages` (hayro-interpret); (63) `color::device_cmyk_gray_tests::{each_ink_darkens_by_its_iso_weight, ink_past_full_coverage_is_black_and_bad_components_read_as_zero}` (hayro-interpret), `it::luminosity_group_space::{black_ink_in_a_device_cmyk_group_masks_fully_and_no_ink_shows_fully, each_process_ink_in_a_device_cmyk_group_masks_by_its_weight, a_device_cmyk_backdrop_colour_masks_by_its_gray, gray_and_rgb_groups_mask_as_before, device_cmyk_on_the_page_keeps_its_display_colour}` (pdfcraft-render); (64) `type3_text_clip::{clip_only_type3_text_is_not_rendered_and_leaves_no_clip, invisible_type3_text_is_not_rendered, other_modes_render_type3_glyphs_filled_and_never_clip, only_outline_glyphs_shape_a_clip_shared_with_type3_text, self_nesting_type3_text_in_a_clip_mode_stays_bounded}` (`cargo test -p pdfcraft-render --test it`), `raster::tests::rendering_modes_but_3_and_7_draw_type3_glyphs_as_filled`, `text::tests::clipping_mode_type3_text_is_kept_by_the_ocr_filter`; (66) `separation_all::{separation_all_fills_paint_the_complemented_tint_as_gray, separation_all_strokes_paint_the_complemented_tint_as_gray, separation_all_images_paint_each_sample_as_the_complemented_gray, separation_all_shadings_paint_the_complemented_gray, separation_none_paints_nothing, a_named_separation_still_paints_through_its_alternate, a_device_n_space_naming_all_still_paints_through_its_alternate}` (`cargo test -p pdfcraft-render --test it`); (71) `raster::tests::an_indexed_lookup_table_is_read_in_every_legal_form` (pdfcraft-render); (72) `raster::tests::an_uncoloured_pattern_uses_its_underlying_space_in_every_form` (pdfcraft-render); (73) `raster::tests::the_jbig2_images_of_a_page_share_one_allowance`, `a_picture_whose_jbig2_mask_is_past_the_pages_allowance_is_not_drawn` and `a_pages_jbig2_allowance_ends_with_the_page` (pdfcraft-render); (74) `raster::tests::{a_chain_of_colour_spaces_ends, colour_spaces_are_read_to_the_limit_of_their_nesting, a_chain_built_on_spaces_already_read_ends, a_profile_read_at_the_limit_keeps_its_alternate_for_a_read_nearer_the_top}` (pdfcraft-render); (75) `raster::tests::a_soft_hyphen_a_substitute_lacks_draws_its_hyphen` (pdfcraft-render) ; (76) `raster::tests::non_embedded_arial::{an_arial_the_pdf_does_not_embed_draws_the_glyphs_its_codes_name, codes_of_other_fonts_are_not_read_in_the_macintosh_order}` (pdfcraft-render); (78) `raster::tests::{fills_of_one_pattern_setting_share_its_cell, fills_of_interleaved_pattern_settings_each_show_their_own_cell, an_uncoloured_pattern_shows_each_settings_colour}` (pdfcraft-render); (82) `raster::tests::a_soft_mask_far_larger_than_where_it_is_drawn_is_shrunk_once`, `raster::tests::an_averaged_down_soft_mask_follows_its_samples_and_its_drawn_size`, `raster::tests::decoded_images_serve_every_size_they_are_drawn_at` (pdfcraft-render); (83) `raster::tests::truetype_loca_format::a_truetype_font_with_an_out_of_range_loca_format_draws_its_glyphs` (pdfcraft-render); (84) `text::tests::an_embedded_adobe_collection_font_reads_through_its_ucs2_cmap`, `every_adobe_collection_reads_through_its_own_ucs2_cmap` (GB1, CNS1, Korea1, Identity-V, `/H` over CFF) and `a_font_outside_the_adobe_collections_gets_no_text_from_a_ucs2_cmap` (pdfcraft-render); (85) `text::tests::{a_tounicode_written_as_cid_ranges_gives_text, a_tounicode_bf_entry_wins_over_a_cid_entry_for_the_same_code}` (pdfcraft-render); (86) `widgets_above_annotations::a_widget_is_drawn_above_the_comments_on_its_page` (pdfcraft-render `tests/it`); (87) `raster::tests::type3_proc_cache::{a_type3_glyph_shown_again_decodes_its_procedure_once, a_procedure_over_64_kib_is_decoded_for_each_copy, the_procedures_one_cache_keeps_stop_at_32_mib, fonts_with_the_same_glyph_name_keep_their_own_procedures}` (pdfcraft-render); (88) `raster::tests::non_embedded_arial::{a_times_new_roman_the_pdf_does_not_embed_draws_the_glyphs_its_codes_name, codes_of_other_fonts_are_not_read_in_the_macintosh_order}` (pdfcraft-render); (89) `raster::tests::a_form_that_draws_itself_is_drawn_once`, `raster::tests::a_form_that_reaches_itself_through_a_pattern_or_a_glyph_is_drawn_once` (pdfcraft-render); (90) `raster::tests::type3_proc_widths::{a_type3_font_without_widths_advances_by_its_glyph_procedures, a_code_outside_first_char_to_last_char_still_has_width_zero, widths_the_font_gives_are_kept, a_code_without_a_usable_procedure_width_still_advances_nothing, a_type3_font_without_widths_is_reported}` (pdfcraft-render); (91) `raster::tests::failed_image_decodes::{a_picture_that_does_not_decode_is_decoded_once_however_often_it_is_drawn, a_picture_that_does_not_decode_is_decoded_once_at_each_size, a_stencil_mask_that_does_not_decode_is_decoded_once_however_often_it_is_drawn, a_picture_whose_soft_mask_does_not_decode_draws_unmasked_decoded_once, a_picture_that_decodes_is_still_decoded_once_and_drawn_every_time, a_picture_left_out_for_the_pages_allowance_draws_on_the_next_page}` (pdfcraft-render); (92) `text::tests::agl_unicode_from_name_rule_reads_text` (pdfcraft-render); (93) `cid_cff_unusable_font_dict::{glyphs_of_a_usable_font_dict_draw_beside_an_unusable_one, a_program_with_no_usable_font_dict_draws_no_square}` (pdfcraft-render integration tests); (94) `raster::tests::a_font_without_a_subtype_is_drawn_by_its_base_font` (pdfcraft-render); (98) `symbol_mt_builtin_encoding::{symbol_mt_draws_symbols_through_the_built_in_encoding, a_name_that_only_starts_with_symbol_is_not_symbol, symbol_mt_applies_its_differences, an_embedded_symbol_mt_draws_its_own_program}` (pdfcraft-render integration tests); (99) `raster::tests::thin_patches_of_a_mesh_in_a_tight_path_are_all_painted` (pdfcraft-render); (100) `text::tests::numbered_glyph_names_read_as_their_own_code`, `text::tests::numbered_type3_glyph_names_read_as_their_own_code`, `text::tests::glyph_names_outside_the_glyph_list_still_read_as_text` (pdfcraft-render); (101) `raster::tests::symbolic_truetype_mac_roman_text::{a_symbolic_truetype_font_in_the_macintosh_order_reads_its_codes_as_mac_roman, winansi_codes_of_a_font_in_the_macintosh_order_read_as_before, a_symbolic_truetype_font_without_a_1_0_subtable_reads_as_before, a_1_0_subtable_selecting_other_glyphs_than_the_drawn_ones_is_not_read, a_font_that_names_its_glyphs_is_not_read_by_their_order, a_symbol_or_zapfdingbats_font_in_the_macintosh_order_gets_no_mac_roman_reading, differences_naming_notdef_clear_the_mac_roman_reading_for_its_code, a_base_encoding_name_this_reader_does_not_know_keeps_the_mac_roman_reading_off}` (pdfcraft-render), `pdf::tests::a_symbolic_truetype_font_in_the_macintosh_order_reads_its_codes_as_mac_roman` (pdfcraft-fonts); (102) `text::tests::tracked_vertical_latin_stays_one_line` (pdfcraft-render); (81) `raster::tests::replies_are_not_drawn_but_their_comment_and_group_members_are`, `raster::tests::an_unknown_or_malformed_rt_is_a_reply_and_a_widget_with_irt_still_draws` (hayro-interpret) |
+| hayro-interpret | 0.7.0 | Apache-2.0 OR MIT | (1) select `/AP /N` appearance states via `/AS` (checkboxes, radios, stateful icons) and honour the NoView flag; (2) Type3 Unicode fallback to `/Encoding` glyph names, then printable ASCII; (3) `Type3Glyph::advance_width`; (4) `InterpreterSettings::ocg_overrides` for viewer layer toggles; (5) soft masks whose group lacks `/CS` were dropped (Chrome gradient text); (6) paint nesting cap `MAX_PAINT_NESTING` for tiling patterns and Type 3 glyphs (self-referencing content overflowed the stack); (7) CID width ranges in `/W` and `/W2` clamped to `MAX_CID` (a `0 4294967295 w` range hung); (8) `InterpreterSettings::hide_comments` skips markup annotations but keeps widgets and links (View ▸ Hide all comments); (9) `image_size_ok`: images and masks over 2^28 pixels are not decoded (a fuzzed `/W 4294967295` stencil mask allocated 4 GiB); (10) `MAX_NESTED_PAINTS`: nested paints (forms, Type 3 glyphs and tiling patterns inside one another) share a per-page budget of 50,000 (a glyph showing eight glyphs of its own font, sixteen deep, hung); (11) depends on skrifa 0.47 instead of 0.42 (upstream read-fonts fixed a Type 1 tokenizer that recursed through runs of numbers: a fuzzed font hung or overflowed the stack), with the one API change (`Charset::glyph_id` returns `Option`); (12) annotation appearances whose `/BBox` or `/Matrix` collapses to a line or a point are skipped (mapping them onto `/Rect` divided by zero and handed the device infinite or NaN matrices); (13) a Highlight annotation without a usable normal appearance is drawn from its `/QuadPoints`, `/C` and `/CA` with Multiply blending, as pdfcraft-annot draws highlights (it was not drawn at all); (14) simple-font `/Widths` (`read_widths`): entries only for codes 0–255 (one entry per code below `/FirstChar` was allocated: `4294967295` asked for 34 GB), an entry that isn't a number leaves its code missing instead of ending the array, and a `/LastChar` below `/FirstChar` gives no widths instead of discarding the font for a standard one; (15) the appearance box is mapped onto `/Rect` corner to corner: the translation now accounts for the scale (an appearance whose box didn't start at the origin and differed in size from `/Rect` was drawn shifted); (16) a clip set by `W`/`W*` takes effect after whichever path-painting operator ends the path (`S`, `f`, `B`, … as well as `n`; ISO 32000-2 §8.5.4): it was applied only on `n`, so `re W* S` clipped nothing and the clip stayed pending for a later, unrelated `n`; (17) `InterpreterSettings::cancelled`: once set, interpretation stops before the next content operator (a render pool sets it for every worker when dropped, after an edit or on closing, and for one worker when the watchdog gives up on its render, so renders whose answers nobody can receive stop instead of running to the end); (18) `MAX_PAGE_CONTENT`: the content a page holds at once (its contents, and the forms, tiling patterns and Type 3 glyph procedures being painted) stays within 512 MiB (`decode_content`; once it runs out, `InterpreterWarning::ContentTruncated` is reported (once per page by pdfcraft-render) so a truncated page is not a clean render; each level gives its bytes back when it finishes): forms nest fifty deep and each level kept its content while the next ran, so a form painting itself around a stream inflating to 256 MiB would have held over 12 GB; and Type 0 sampled functions take at most `MAX_SAMPLE_ENTRIES` (2^21) table points and `MAX_SAMPLE_VALUES` (2^23) samples, read no further than `/Size` asks (256 MiB of 1-bit samples asked for over 8 GB); (19) mesh shadings (types 4–7) are sampled only inside the area being drawn (`ShadingPattern::encode_within`, which the vendored hayro renderer calls with that area plus a pixel), within 8 visits per pixel of it plus 4 per triangle (`TriangleSampler`), and patches are triangulated one at a time: points far off the page were sampled over their whole bounding box, up to 65536 × 65536 entries (a fuzzed 147-byte patch stream; a synthetic page passed 6 GB in six seconds), ten thousand overlapping triangles ran for minutes, and every patch became 722 triangles before any limit; meshes hold at most `MAX_MESH_PATCHES` (2^16) patches and `MAX_MESH_TRIANGLES` (2^20) triangles, a lattice needs two to 2^19 vertices per row (`/VerticesPerRow 0` pushed empty rows for ever; one huge row read the whole stream), and a page samples at most `MAX_PAGE_MESH_TRIANGLES` (2^25) mesh triangles in all (a mesh painted a thousand times was triangulated a thousand times); each cut logs a warning; (20) PDF function construction is limited to 64 levels and 10,000 total nodes with cycle detection; calculator parsing and evaluation share procedure depth/work budgets, integer division/bitshift/rotation/index are panic-free, and fixed-size stack errors propagate; (21) a Type 0 font drawn with a substitute that isn't CID-keyed (it isn't embedded, or its program doesn't load) draws `.notdef` for a CID of an Adobe character collection (Japan1, GB1, CNS1, Korea1) that it can't find by Unicode: hayro took the CID for a glyph index of the substitute, which numbers its glyphs its own way, so the character was drawn as an unrelated one (𠮷 as "Ｑ" in BIZ UDPGothic); (22) a Type 0 font drawn with a substitute finds a character given with a variation selector (`/ToUnicode`, or Adobe-Japan1-UCS2, which maps the JIS X 0208 forms of the kanji JIS X 0213:2004 redrew that way: CID 1247 is 噂 U+E0100) through the substitute's variation sequences, else as the character alone: such a CID found no glyph and was drawn as an unrelated one; (23) backport of hayro 0.8's `gradient` module: `EncodedShadingPattern::as_svg_gradient` turns an axial or radial shading into stops of an sRGB gradient (within 0.01 per channel, a stop at every stitching-function bound via `Function::stitching_bounds`) when a native gradient draws it exactly (extended past the box drawn in; a radial one with no background colour); (24) `DecodedImageCache`: decoded image pixels shared across renders through the interpreter cache within a 64 MiB budget (an image-heavy page decoded its thousands of images again per tile and per scale), keyed by every decode input (`DecodedImageKey`: the stream's place and dictionary bytes, its object, mask/stencil/raster output, interpolation, decode target size, preview or final); images under a transfer function and inline images are not cached, an image over the budget is never kept, and a poisoned lock decodes uncached; (25) `Device::actual_text` hands the device a marked content sequence's `/ActualText` (inline or named in `/Properties`), so text extraction keeps the Thai, Indic and Arabic clusters Chrome marks this way (their shaped tone marks and vowels have no Unicode of their own); (26) non-embedded simple fonts drawn with a standard-font stand-in build the Latin Extended-A letters the stand-in lacks (`/Gbreve`, `/Idotaccent`, `/Scedilla`, `/aogonek`, `/ccaron`…) from the base letter and accent it has (`StandardKind::composite_glyph`, `ACCENTED_LETTERS`): PDFium's Foxit stand-ins hold only the Standard/WinAnsi/Mac Roman glyphs, so iText letters with Times New Roman unembedded showed blanks for Ğ, İ, Ş, ğ and ş; the comma-below letters (`/scommaaccent`, `/Tcommaaccent`, `/kcommaaccent`…, found by character, so `/uni0136` and the glyph list's `/Kcedilla` too) are the letter and the font's comma, smaller and under the baseline, since the stand-ins have no `commaaccent` (Romanian ș drew nothing and ț a cedilla in forms laid out from XFA; ģ, whose comma is turned and above, is not built); (27) an embedded TrueType font without a base encoding reads its codes as WinAnsi for text extraction (`EmbeddedKind::code_to_unicode_name`), matching pdftotext's output, instead of Standard: OCR text layers of scans write WinAnsi codes with no `/Encoding`, and Standard has no ü, ö or ß and reads é as Ø (glyph selection unchanged); (28) an image whose pixels hold at most 16 bits of samples (an 8-bit Separation or DeviceN image, a 1-, 2- or 4-bit gray or indexed one) is converted once per possible pixel value through a lookup table instead of once per pixel (`rgb_via_lookup`): a spot-colour tint transform is often a PostScript calculator program, run for every pixel, so a fillable character sheet's 3304 × 4105 DeviceN background took four seconds and 430 MB to draw a page; each entry is converted on its own (`convert_each`), so a tint transform giving the wrong number of components for a value the image never uses cannot shift the colours of the values it does; (29) `Device::begin_annotations`/`end_annotations` bracket the page's annotations, so a device can tell comment paints from document paints (reading colours recolour the document, never a comment, #1548); (30) the Annex D.2 alias codes read as the ink they draw: WinAnsiEncoding 0xA0 and 0xAD, and MacRomanEncoding 0xCA, carry the glyph names `space` and `hyphen` -- the names those tables also give 0x20 and 0x2D -- not `nbspace` and `sfthyphen`, whose glyph list values U+00A0 and U+00AD are invisible formatting characters. Extraction hid drawn ink behind them, so search and redaction matched neither (`XiaoBiaoSong.pdf` in the pdf.js corpus drew 104 soft hyphens; across the 989 files the soft hyphens we extract fall from 117 to 13 and the non-breaking spaces from 30 to 26, what remains coming from `/ToUnicode` maps, which say so explicitly). The base table only, in the text direction only: a `/Differences` name keeps its glyph list value and glyph lookup is untouched, both as pdftotext does; (31) a Type 0 sampled function keeps its samples in one flat array indexed by strides (`Type0::entry`) instead of a hash map keyed by each grid point: the map was built again, one hashed insert per sample, every time a shading using the function was painted (a 2,097,152-sample ramp painted 30 times took 38 s; `bug1721218` in the pdf.js corpus spent most of a 1.5 s page on it); the interpolation is unchanged, so results are bit for bit the same, a sample missing from a short stream still gives no value, and the maximum sample value is computed without overflowing at 32 bits per sample; (32) the decoded-image cache (24) keys a decode by the size the image is drawn at only when a JPX stream decodes it or its soft mask or mask (`decode_reads_target`): JPX is the only filter that decodes a reduced resolution for a size, so a JPEG or Flate scan was decoded again at every zoom step and kept once per zoom level; one decode now serves every size; `InterpreterCache::decoded_image_decodes` counts the cache's decodes; (33) Coons and tensor-product patches copy their vertices' colours less: each point of a patch's 20 × 20 triangle grid is interpolated once (`generate_patch_triangles`; each cell interpolated its four corners itself, 1,444 interpolations a patch for 400 points), a cell's second triangle takes the vertices its first copied, and the mesh sampler moves a patch's triangles into device space instead of copying each vertex (`TriangleSampler::sample_owned`); the same values, 10–16% faster on mesh-gradient pages; (34) `color::tint_transform_runs`: how many colours the calling thread has run through a Separation or DeviceN tint transform (counted once per batch in `convert_f32`), so a test counts patch (28)'s once-per-sample-value runs instead of timing them (its 10 s deadline failed on a busy FreeBSD VM in CI); (35) `EncodedShadingPattern::extent`: where a mesh shading (types 4–7) can paint at all, the pixels its triangles touched when it was encoded (`None` for the types that paint everywhere, and when the shading has a `/Background`), so the renderer samples a texture there alone and skips a mesh with nothing on the canvas; (36) a mesh shading's pixel whose corner no triangle holds strictly (on an edge two triangles share, or on the mesh's side) takes the triangle that covers its centre, edges included (`Triangle::covers`): testing only the corner left a white seam along every shared edge, and the colour is still taken at the corner; (38) the `/DefaultGray`, `/DefaultRGB` and `/DefaultCMYK` colour spaces of a resource dictionary (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.5.6) replace the device space content selects: with `g`/`G`, `rg`/`RG`, `k`/`K` and `cs`/`CS` (by name, or through a `/ColorSpace` resource that is a device space), and as the `/ColorSpace` of an image XObject, an inline image or a shading painted by `sh` or as a shading pattern (`DefaultColorSpaces`, looked up once per content window in the resources and those they inherit, so a form XObject without a default of its own draws in its page's, as Poppler and MuPDF draw it); a default that is a Lab, Indexed, Pattern or device space, has another number of components or is no colour space is ignored and device colour is drawn as before; device spaces inside other spaces (an Indexed base, a Separation or DeviceN alternate, a Pattern's underlying space), shading dictionaries, masks and transparency group spaces are unchanged, and the decoded-image cache (24) keys a decode by the default it was drawn in. hayro drew device colour as it was, so pages that calibrate it this way (common in PDF/A) came out in the wrong colours; (39) knockout groups (#2971): `Device::set_knockout` right after a `/K true` group is pushed; `Device::knockout_image` for an unmasked image before its group is pushed, when `Device::in_knockout_group`: the device clears its placement rectangle only if it will draw the image (on the canvas, not a preview's tiny image, and it decodes), decoded at its draw size so the draw reuses that decode; and, when `Device::knockout_erase_wanted`, a nested group's content drawn once between `begin_knockout_erase` and `end_knockout_erase` before the group itself, which then always gets a layer of its own; (40) an optional content membership dictionary's visibility expression (`/VE`: `/And`, `/Or`, `/Not`, nested up to 32 deep) decides its visibility ahead of `/OCGs` and `/P` (ISO 32000-2 §8.11.2.2); it was ignored, so content under it stayed visible with its layers hidden; a malformed expression, including one naming an object the document doesn't list in `/OCProperties /OCGs`, falls back to `/OCGs` and `/P` (#2986); (41) a transparency group that is neither isolated nor knockout, entered at full opacity with no soft mask and Normal blending, is drawn straight onto the page instead of into a layer of its own (§11.4.7: its elements composite with the backdrop; the layer made a `/BM /Multiply` highlight appearance an opaque block, #1968); (42) text in a Type 3 font is drawn filled whatever the text rendering mode, except mode 3 (invisible): only that mode has any effect on Type 3 fonts (ISO 32000-1 §9.3.6). Stroking ran the glyph procedure a second time, so `2 Tr` made bitmap fonts look bold, `1 Tr` painted an uncoloured glyph in the stroking colour, and `7 Tr` hid it (`7 Tr` since follows 64); (43) Lab colour spaces honour their own `/WhitePoint`: L\*a\*b\* goes to XYZ relative to that white, is Bradford-adapted to D65 and converted to sRGB (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.5.4) instead of through `LAB.icc` as if every white were D50 (a D65 blue came out 45 levels too red; the profile is removed); components normalised to [0, 1] (`manual_scale`, an `/Indexed` palette over Lab) map onto L\* 0..100 and the a\*/b\* `/Range`; (44) a Type 0 font whose `/ToUnicode` is the name `/Identity-H` or `/Identity-V` (not a CMap stream; WSCAD writes it) reads each code as its Unicode value, as Acrobat shows it (`Type0Font::identity_to_unicode`); the identity CMap the name resolved to maps codes to CIDs only, so such pages had no text to select or find; (46) an image XObject's group applies the fill opacity, so the fill alpha is reset to 1 before a stencil mask takes the fill colour as its paint, and a pattern paint drops the opacity it captured at `scn` (`Pattern::without_opacity`) (it was applied twice: a mask at `ca 0.5` was drawn at a quarter, #2975); (47) `path_as_rect`: a five-element path is a rectangle only when its four points are distinct, each step from one to the next runs along a single axis, and the last returns to the first. The length test admits one MoveTo and four LineTo as well as one MoveTo, three LineTo and a ClosePath, and asking only that every corner of the bounding box was visited says nothing about the order or the steps between, so a five-point polyline whose ends reached the corners was painted as that box -- a fourth side the path does not have -- and a clip of that shape was discarded; the coordinates are compared exactly, since the matrix is applied after this check and a `cm` of 10,000 turns `is_nearly_equal`'s 256th of a unit into tens of device units (#3327); (48) an `/ICCBased` colour space is cached by what its profile is read from (`IccProfileKey`): the stream object it names, looked up without reading the stream, and then the stream's dictionary and its own bytes (decrypted, not decoded), so a byte-for-byte copy of a profile in another object is read once, and a profile stream written directly in its array, which reports the object holding the array as every other stream written there does, is told apart by its bytes. hayro keyed it by the stream dictionary's bytes alone, so two different profiles with the same `/N` and `/Length` shared whichever was read first, and colours in the second were drawn through the first. `InterpreterCache::icc_profile_reads` counts the profiles read; (49) `OpenTypeFontBlob::new` also accepts a `post` table version 1.0, 2.0 or 3.0 written with its 16-bit halves swapped (`00 00 00 03`), as ScanSoft PDF Create! embeds every font; such fonts were refused and their text drawn with a substitute (Hebrew came out garbled or missing, #2946); `glyph_names` reads such a table from a copy with the version written correctly, so a 2.0 table's names serve `/Differences`. Any other unknown version is still refused (pdf.js 9462); (50) `CffFontBlob::glyph_index_by_name` looks a glyph name up in a name to glyph map built on first use (shared between clones) instead of searching the whole charset, with a string lookup per glyph, for every character code of a font; the first glyph with a name still wins; (51) at most 4096 graphics states saved at once, holding at most 64 MiB together (each `q` copies the whole state, dash array and clip list included, so short operators multiplied one large state); a `q` past either limit is counted but not copied, and its `Q` still removes the clips added since (from storytold/craft-libs#239); (52) a `/W2` run whose first CID is past `MAX_CID` stops there, as in `/W` (7), checked before the run's metrics are read: a first CID of 4294967295 inserted one entry and then overflowed, discarding the whole `/W2` table (from storytold/craft-libs#254); (55) a Separation or DeviceN tint transform that cannot be read keeps its colour space, and one that cannot be read or evaluated paints the alternate space's initial colour, as evaluation failures already did; that fallback, and a `cs`/`CS` colour space that cannot be read (drawn in DeviceGray as before), are now reported once per content stream as `InterpreterWarning::ColorFallback` (`RenderWarning::ColourFallback` in `pdfcraft-render`) instead of silently (#4260); (56) an annotation whose Invisible flag (bit 1) is set and whose `/Subtype` is none of the standard types of ISO 32000-2 Table 171 (`is_standard_annotation_type`; no `/Subtype` counts as unknown) is not drawn (Table 167), and a `/Popup` annotation's appearance is never painted on the page (§12.5.6.14: a popup has no appearance stream of its own; the viewer shows it as a window for its parent annotation). Both were drawn from their `/AP`; (57) a simple font drawn with a standard-font stand-in because the document names a font it doesn't embed (`StandardKind` with `fallback`) narrows a glyph to a narrower `/Widths` advance but no longer widens it to a wider one: the advance already places the next glyph (ISO 32000-2 §9.2.4; /Widths in Table 109), and widening drew a non-embedded `Arial,Bold` with 600-unit widths as a heavy fixed-pitch face whose `i` and `l` were solid blocks twice their width; an exact standard-14 font still matches its standard metrics both ways; (58) the fallback request for a Type 0 font that is not embedded (`FallbackFontQuery::with_descriptor`) takes its serif, italic and small-cap flags, `/FontWeight`, `/FontFamily` and `/FontStretch` from the descendant CIDFont's font descriptor (ISO 32000-2 §9.7.4.1, §9.7.6.1; §9.8): it read them from the Type 0 dictionary, which has none, so every such request asked for a regular sans-serif face and no resolver could tell a Song or Mincho font from a Hei or Gothic one, or see `/FontWeight 700`; (59) the NoRotate flag (`/F` bit 5) is honoured: the appearance, fitted to `/Rect`, is turned against the page's `/Rotate` about the rectangle's upper-left corner, which stays where it is, so it reads upright as the page is displayed (ISO 32000-2 §12.5.3). Sticky notes, which are saved NoRotate, were drawn turned with the page (#2583). Form fields and links stay in `/Rect`, where PdfCraft takes their click targets from it; (61) stroke geometry by ISO 32000-2 §8.5.3.2 and §8.4.3: a degenerate subpath (a single-point closed path, or points that all coincide) is stroked as a dot of the line width with round caps and not at all with butt or projecting square caps (upstream nudged a zero-length `l` so square caps drew a square, and `x y m h` lost its `h` because kurbo's `is_empty` counts only segments); a segment after `h` begins a new subpath with a `MoveTo` to the point `h` reached (§8.5.2.1, Table 58), so `h` then an `l` back to that point is a degenerate subpath of its own; a dash array that is all zero or has a negative or non-finite entry is kept as `[]`, a solid line (`[0 0]` became hundredth-of-a-point dashes, a faint half-covered line); a negative or non-finite line width (`w`, `/LW`) is kept as 0, so no device sees one below zero; (63) a luminosity soft mask whose group colour space is `/DeviceCMYK` (by name, not an ICC-based or calibrated space) reads a `/DeviceCMYK` fill or stroke colour drawn in it, and its `/BC`, as their gray `1 - min(1, 0.3 c + 0.59 m + 0.11 y + k)` (ISO 32000-2 §10.4.2.3, §11.5.3: device colour converts to gray with no colour calibration; `Context::luminosity_in_device_cmyk`, `color::device_cmyk_to_gray`): it went through the CMYK display profile, where 100% K is a dark grey, so a 100% K mask let about an eighth of the masked paint through. CMYK images, shadings and tiling patterns inside such a mask, and CMYK on the page, still use the profile; (64) text in a Type 3 font follows ISO 32000-2 §9.3.6 in the clipping modes: under `7 Tr` it is not rendered (reported to the device as clipping text, `GlyphDrawMode::Clip`, so extraction keeps it), and in modes 4 to 7 a Type 3 glyph adds nothing to the clipping path (`clip_glyph`), so text shown only in a Type 3 font leaves no clip at `ET`. Since (42) `7 Tr` painted the glyphs in the fill colour (black by default), so a fill meant to follow showed them wherever it didn't cover them; 4 to 6 still render filled; (65) a fill or clip whose path has no width or no height (but not both) marks the device pixels the line touches (ISO 32000-2 §10.7.4: "A zero-width or zero-height rectangle paints a line 1 pixel wide", and a clip is "the set of pixels that would be included by a fill operation"): whole pixels when the line stays within one device row or column, a band one device pixel wide when a rotated or skewed CTM carries it across rows and columns, built per subpath so the gap between two subpaths on one line stays unpainted (`degenerate_fill_area`). A zero-height clip such as `10 10 100 0 re W n` hid everything painted after it, and the fill fell back to a thinnest-line stroke that half-covered two rows on a pixel boundary. A point paints as before, and a path with area, however thin, is filled as the shape it is (the thinnest-line fallback took a side under 1/256 unit as zero, so a thin rectangle that the CTM scales up to whole pixels was drawn as a hairline across its bounding box); (66) a Separation colour space whose colourant is the special name `All` paints every colourant at once (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.4): on screen and in an RGB print raster its tint t is the gray 1 − t, complemented because the device is additive, whatever its alternate space and tint transform say (hayro drew it through the tint transform, so a `/DeviceCMYK` transform giving cyan drew registration marks light cyan); `/None` still paints nothing, any other name still goes through its alternate, and a DeviceN space naming `All` keeps its alternate, since the clause gives the name that meaning in a Separation space; (71) a lookup table in an indirect string reads: it was read as a stream first, which uses up a reference (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3); (72) an uncoloured pattern's underlying space given as a name or a reference is used: it was skipped, so a CMYK cyan drew red (ISO 32000-2 §8.7.3.3); (73) `InterpreterSettings::jbig2_work`, set for each page in `interpret_page` and ended with it, and a JBIG2 image or an image with a JBIG2 mask past it left out with `ContentTruncated`; (74) colour spaces nest at most 32 levels, through every way one names another, so a chain of them ends instead of overflowing the stack; an ICC profile's `/Alternate` is read where it's met and isn't kept with the profile, or a page could build a chain past the limit on spaces already read; (75) a soft hyphen (U+00AD) that a CFF substitute for a CID font has no glyph for draws its hyphen, as Annex D.2 reads WinAnsi 0xAD in (30), instead of the CID taken as a glyph index (#5888); (76) a CID of an Arial the PDF doesn't embed (`CIDFontType2`, not of an Adobe character collection; `ArialMT`, `Arial-BoldMT`, `Arial,Bold` and the other two faces, not Arial Narrow, Black or Unicode MS) that no Unicode route draws names, through its `/CIDToGIDMap`, the Arial glyph of the standard Macintosh order (read-fonts' `post::DEFAULT_GLYPH_NAMES`, its first 258 glyphs), and a CFF substitute draws its glyph of that name (.notdef when it has none) instead of the CID taken as its own glyph index (#5889); (77) a standard 14 font drawn with its bundled stand-in (`StandardFontBlob::Cff`) reads each glyph's own advance from its charstring (`CffFontBlob::advance_width`), so a stand-in glyph wider or narrower than the standard metrics is fitted to them as the OpenType stand-ins already were (ISO 32000-2 §9.6.2.2): with no advance the outline was drawn as it is, and the stand-ins' € (WinAnsiEncoding code 128, Annex D Table D.2), 667 to 722 units wide against the metrics' 556 (Helvetica) and 500 (Times), overlapped the next glyph. Symbol and ZapfDingbats (Annex D.5, D.6) are fitted the same way, the check mark `4` a check box draws for its `/MK /CA` caption among them; (78) `TilingPattern::instance` numbers each setting of a tiling pattern (`scn`/`SCN`), its copies keeping the number, and `TilingPattern::is_coloured` reports `/PaintType 1`, so a renderer can draw a coloured cell once for every fill of one setting (hayro patch (30)); (79) text extraction from a symbolic embedded TrueType font with no `/Encoding` (and no `/ToUnicode`) reads a code through the `post` table name of the glyph its `cmap` selects (`EmbeddedKind::symbolic_text`), when that name has a Unicode value by the glyph-name rules of `glyph_name_text`, which are the Adobe Glyph List Specification's (ISO 32000-2 §9.10.2) and the editor's in pdfcraft-fonts (a `.suffix` is dropped, `_` separates the characters of a ligature, `uni` with one or more groups of exactly four uppercase hex digits and `u` with four to six are code points; lowercase digits, other lengths and surrogate or out-of-range values name nothing, so `uni20ac` reads as WinAnsi), instead of reading the code as WinAnsi: FrameMaker files distilled with Distiller 3 number their codes in the Macintosh glyph order, 29 below ASCII, so `Solid` was extracted, edited and exported to Word as `6ROLG` (#3962). Codes with no glyph, or whose glyph has no such name, still read as WinAnsi; glyph selection is unchanged; (80) an `/Indexed` colour space that breaks ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3 is drawn as most readers draw it: a lookup table shorter than m × (hival + 1) bytes keeps the entries it holds in full and an index past them is drawn black after conversion, in any base space (zero bytes would be white in DeviceCMYK, Separation and DeviceN, and blue in Lab); a `hival` past 255 is taken as 255, and a real `hival` is truncated toward zero. An image drawn so reports `InterpreterWarning::MalformedIndexedImage`, surfaced as `RenderWarning::MalformedIndexedImage`, and a fill or stroke colour in such a space reports `ColorFallback`. An image whose lookup is missing, not a string or a stream, or a stream that does not decode (or decodes to nothing although it holds data) is not drawn, with the same warning; a colour set in such a space keeps the upstream DeviceGray fallback. Upstream treated all of these as an unreadable space and fell back to DeviceGray, painting the indices near-black, even ones whose entries were present. A `hival` below zero or not a number has no reading: the space falls back as upstream, and an image in it reports the warning. A lookup string given by an indirect reference is read (upstream consumed the reference trying it as a stream and found no table). The warning is taken from the space as built, so no table is read twice: inline images naming the space through a resource read its table once however many there are (`InterpreterCache::indexed_lookup_reads`); (82) a soft mask (or `/Mask` image) larger than its image and more than twice as large on a side as the device pixels its image is drawn at is averaged down to that size, rounded up to a power of two, in `ImageXObject::decoded_soft_mask`, and cached there (`DecodedImageKey::shrunk_to`, with the image's raster keyed by the same rounded size); every size is made from one cached intermediate mask at most 4096 on a side, so the full mask is decoded once however many sizes it is drawn at: it bypassed the decoded-image cache and was decoded, copied and staged at full size each time it was drawn. A 2 × 2 image with a 34,862 × 4,332 mask drawn 40 times on one slide (pdf.js `issue16263.pdf`) took about 3.6 s a draw and minutes a page; it now decodes the mask once and draws the page in about 2.5 s. A mask no larger than twice its drawn size keeps its resolution, which the renderer filters as before; `InterpreterCache::decoded_mask_decodes` counts the masks among the decodes; (83) an embedded TrueType program whose `head.indexToLocFormat` holds neither 0 nor 1 is read with the `loca` format its table's length gives (`with_loca_format_fixed`): the glyph reader took anything but 1 as short offsets, so a font marked 256 had its long offsets misread and drew boxes (pdf.js `issue2537r.pdf`); (84) a Type 0 font of an Adobe character collection (Japan1, GB1, CNS1, Korea1) reads a code its `/ToUnicode` has nothing for, or every code when it has none, through the collection's UCS2 CMap, code to CID to Unicode, embedded or not (ISO 32000-2 §9.10.2; `Type0Font::ucs2`, parsed the first time a code needs it): only fonts that are not embedded took that route, so Japanese and Chinese pages whose fonts are embedded without a `/ToUnicode`, or with one that maps nothing, had no text to select, find or copy; (85) a Type 0 font's `/ToUnicode` written as a CID CMap (`begincidchar` / `begincidrange`, destinations as numbers, as Word writes it) gives each number as the code's Unicode value for text, as glyph lookup (`map_via_unicode`) already read it and as pdftotext and PDFium extract it; ISO 32000-2 §9.10.3 has `beginbfchar` / `beginbfrange` there, and such text extracted nothing (pdf.js `issue9367`); (86) form fields' widgets are drawn after the page's other annotations, each group in `/Annots` order (`interpret_page`), as MuPDF and PDFium draw them; ISO 32000-2 doesn't order the two: a check box listed before a filled square comment that covers it was hidden under the comment (pdf.js `issue13003.pdf`); (87) a Type 3 font keeps each glyph procedure it decoded (`Type3::decoded_proc`), so a glyph shown again isn't inflated again: a font used as a fill pattern drew one glyph about 650,000 times on a page and decoded its procedure for each; a procedure over 64 KiB isn't kept, and the fonts of one `InterpreterCache` keep at most 32 MiB together (`MAX_CACHED_TYPE3_PROCS`), each kept procedure counting its bytes, its name and 64 bytes besides, as fonts live as long as the cache; a procedure holds its bytes within the page's content budget while the glyph is painted, kept or not (`context::hold_content`), so a page skips the same glyphs once the budget is spent, and one decoded with no more than 64 KiB of budget left, which the budget may have cut short, isn't kept; `InterpreterCache::type3_proc_decodes` counts the procedures decoded; (88) the rule of (76) also reads Times New Roman (`TimesNewRomanPSMT`, `TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT`, `TimesNewRoman,Bold` and the other faces, not Times or Times New Roman MT Std), whose first 258 glyphs follow that order too: in a public form whose embedded Times New Roman subsets keep their glyph indexes, 941 of 942 `/ToUnicode` entries below 258 name that order's character, and its non-embedded `TimesNewRoman,Bold` drew "Salarié(e) du régime général" as "Salari²*g+f w't²i lo g'ì²p²tcn" (#6449); (89) a form XObject already being drawn is not drawn inside itself (`Context::enter_form`, reported as `ContentTruncated`, §8.10.1): a name in its content that reached it again, through its own resources or the page resources a form with its own still falls back on, drew it until the page's nested-paint budget was spent (PDFBOX-5782, 38 s); the forms being drawn are kept per page and thread, so the tiling patterns, Type 3 glyphs, soft masks and groups painted inside a form, which are interpreted in contexts of their own, see it too; (90) a Type 3 font without `/Widths` (or `/FirstChar`/`/LastChar`) advances each glyph by the width its glyph procedure sets with `d0` or `d1` (`Type3::proc_width`, ISO 32000-2 9.6.4) instead of 0, read once per code; a font with `/Widths` is unchanged, a code outside `/FirstChar`..`/LastChar` keeping width 0 (Table 110) (PDFBOX-2943: a misspelt `/Widths` key drew every glyph on one spot), and selecting such a font reports `InterpreterWarning::Type3WidthsMissing` (`Font::type3_widths_missing`, checked in `Context::resolve_font`); (91) the decoded-image cache keeps a failed decode for its key, as the warnings it reported, so a picture or stencil mask that doesn't decode (damaged data, a JPX or JBIG2 stream its decoder refuses) isn't decoded again at every draw, tile and render that shares the cache, and each draw still reports what the decode did (`DecodedImageCache::get_or_insert_with`, `ImageXObject::reporting_to`); a failure counts 128 bytes towards the cache's budget, and one the page's JBIG2 allowance may have caused (73) isn't kept (the hayro-syntax comment on `charge_page_reading` says so); (92) the text of a glyph whose name is not in the glyph list reads `uniXXXX` and `uXXXX` to `uXXXXXX` by the Adobe Glyph List Specification (`agl_unicode_from_name`: `uni` and exactly four uppercase hex digits, `u` and four to six, no surrogate, nothing past U+10FFFF), so `uni65`, `u65`, `uni20ac` and `uni+065` read as nothing instead of `e` and `€`; upstream's lenient `unicode_from_name` stays for finding a glyph in a font (TrueType `cmap` lookup, accented standard-font letters), so drawing is unchanged; (93) a CID-keyed CFF font keeps the font dicts it can read: a font dict without a Private DICT (one a subsetter emptied) leaves only the glyphs FDSelect gives it missing, where one such dict dropped the whole font and its text drew with a fallback (ISO 32000-2 §9.9 Table 124, Adobe TN #5176); (94) a font dictionary whose `/Subtype` is missing or the empty name (`/Subtype /`) is read as Type 1, so its `/BaseFont` picks the face (ISO 32000-2 Table 109 requires `/Subtype`; other readers fall back this way): a `/Courier-Bold` was drawn in the Helvetica fallback (PDFBOX-1988). Any other unknown subtype is still refused; (98) a non-embedded font named `SymbolMT`, or `Symbol`/`SymbolMT` with a `,` or `-` style suffix (`Symbol,Bold`, `Symbol-Bold`; `SYMBOL_STYLES`, so `Symbol-Helvetica` stays another font), is the standard Symbol font and draws through its built-in encoding, so a TrueType `SymbolMT` declaring `/WinAnsiEncoding` draws `mu` for code 0x6D, not `m` (ISO 32000-2 §9.6.2.2); (99) the mesh sampler walks each row of a triangle only across the columns where that row's sample points can lie in it, not its whole box (a row with none still costs a visit): thin triangles of the fixed 19 × 19 patch grid lying across the pixel grid (a narrow curved band of tensor patches) have boxes many times their area, and a mesh painted through a path the size of its own box spent the visit budget before its last patches and left them unpainted; (100) a Type 1 or Type 3 font glyph name that only numbers its glyph (`C39`, `MT72`, `G4E`: one to three letters, then decimal or hexadecimal digits) and names the very code it is shown with reads as that code's Latin-1 character (controls excepted; in a Type 3 font, which already reads codes 32-126 by the code, above 126), in a font where every such name names its own code (`numbered_names_name_their_codes`, worked out once per font); a font with any numbered name at another code (`/C1` at 233, review on #3239; `/Differences [1 /C70 …]`) or at a C0 control code (a subset counting its glyphs from code 1, `/Differences [1 /C1 /C2 …]`, where `/C65` is the 65th glyph used) keeps reading them as nothing (#3170); (101) a symbolic TrueType font with no encoding reads a code as Mac OS Roman in text extraction when its Macintosh Roman (1, 0) `cmap` subtable selects the glyph the code draws (ISO 32000-2 §9.6.5.4) and that glyph sits where the standard Macintosh glyph order (`post` version 1.0) puts the code's Mac OS Roman character, for a font whose `post` table names no glyphs, that names no base encoding (an unknown name included) and that isn't Symbol or ZapfDingbats (§9.6.6.1), after `/Differences` and before the WinAnsi last resort; Windows subsets in the same order keep their WinAnsi reading, and glyph selection is unchanged; (102) `OutlineGlyph::vertical_glyph_width`: a vertical-writing Type 0 glyph's width w0 from `/W` or `/DW`, its extent across the column (ISO 32000-2 §9.7.4.3), which `advance_width` (the horizontal advance, 0 in vertical writing) does not give; (81) a reply of type R (a markup annotation with an `/IRT` and an `/RT` other than `/Group`; R is the default, so a missing, unknown or malformed `/RT` reads as R; a widget, link or pop-up with `/IRT` still draws) is not drawn, whatever its appearance or flags: ISO 32000-2 Table 172 says such replies "shall not" be displayed individually but in their comment's thread (files from editors that give every reply a note-icon appearance showed a stack of icons, #5631); a `/RT /Group` member still draws; (103) `InterpreterSettings::view_auto_state` (on by default): the default configuration's auto state for the View event (`/AS` usage applications with `/Event /View` and `/View` in `/Category`) sets each managed group from its `/Usage /View /ViewState` before `ocg_overrides`, ON only if every recommendation is ON (ISO 32000-2 §8.11.4.4); `/Zoom`, `/User` and `/Language` give no recommendation; at most 256 applications, 4096 `/OCGs` entries and 16 categories each are read; off for print renders | (1) `raster::tests::widget_appearance_states`; (2, 3) `xtask text-oracle` on corpus/pdfjs issue918; (4) `raster::tests::layer_override_hides_content`; (5) `raster::tests::soft_mask_without_group_colour_space_is_applied`; (6) `raster::tests::self_referencing_tiling_pattern_terminates`, `raster::tests::self_referencing_type3_glyph_terminates`; (7) `raster::tests::huge_cid_width_ranges_terminate`; (8) `raster::tests::hiding_comments_keeps_fields`; (9) `raster::tests::absurd_mask_and_fax_sizes_are_refused_before_decoding`; (10) `raster::tests::type3_glyphs_that_fan_out_into_themselves_finish`; (11) `raster::tests::type1_font_programs_with_long_runs_of_numbers_load_quickly`; (12) `raster::tests::degenerate_annotation_appearances_are_skipped`; (13) `raster::tests::highlights_without_an_appearance_are_drawn`; (14) `raster::tests::malformed_simple_font_widths_keep_later_widths_and_the_font`, `raster::tests::huge_simple_font_first_char_terminates`; (15) `raster::tests::annotation_appearance_box_maps_onto_rect`; (16) `raster::tests::clipping_path_applies_after_any_painting_operator`; (17) `raster::tests::dropping_the_pool_cancels_its_renders`, `raster::tests::the_watchdog_stops_the_render_it_gives_up_on`; (18) `raster::tests::page_contents_and_nested_forms_share_one_budget`, `raster::tests::content_painted_again_and_again_keeps_drawing`, `raster::tests::sampled_functions_with_billions_of_samples_are_refused`; (19) `raster::tests::mesh_shadings_far_off_the_page_render`, `raster::tests::many_overlapping_mesh_triangles_finish`, `raster::tests::mesh_shadings_with_many_patches_or_no_rows_finish`; (20) `raster::tests::function_limits_calculator_arithmetic_and_depth`, `raster::tests::function_limits_public_construction_work_and_depth`, `raster::tests::function_limits_stitching_cycles_are_refused_and_shared_children_work`, `raster::tests::function_limits_invalid_calculator_keeps_the_page_renderable`; (21) `raster::tests::cids_a_substitute_lacks_are_not_drawn_as_other_glyphs`; (22) `raster::tests::variation_sequences_draw_their_kanji_in_a_substitute`; (23) `raster::tests::axial_and_radial_shadings_draw_as_native_gradients`; (24) `raster::tests::tiles_match_full_render`, `raster::tests::skipping_paths_off_the_canvas_changes_no_pixel` (both decode through the cache), `raster::tests::decoded_images_with_identical_dictionaries_keep_their_own_pixels`, `raster::tests::decoded_images_under_a_transfer_function_are_not_shared`; (25) `text::tests::actual_text_replaces_the_glyphs_it_marks_in_every_writing_direction`, `text::tests::actual_text_follows_the_pdf_rules_for_marked_content`; (26) `raster::tests::accented_letters_the_standard_stand_ins_lack_are_built_from_their_parts`, `raster::tests::comma_below_letters_in_standard_fonts_draw_a_comma_under_the_letter`; (27) `text::tests::truetype_without_an_encoding_reads_its_codes_as_win_ansi`; (28) `raster::tests::spot_colour_images_run_their_tint_transform_once_per_sample_value`, `raster::tests::images_converted_through_a_table_keep_every_samples_colour`, `raster::tests::a_malformed_tint_for_an_unused_sample_keeps_the_used_colours`; (29) `raster::tests::reading_colors_keep_highlight_annotations_readable`; (30) `text::tests::the_annex_d2_alias_codes_read_as_an_ordinary_hyphen_and_space`; (31) `raster::tests::shadings_with_large_sampled_functions_paint_quickly`, `raster::tests::sampled_functions_interpolate_their_grid_as_before`; (32) `raster::tests::decoded_images_serve_every_size_they_are_drawn_at`; (33) `raster::tests::patch_meshes_keep_their_corner_colours`; (34) `raster::tests::spot_colour_images_run_their_tint_transform_once_per_sample_value`; (35) `mesh_extent_tests::{a_mesh_paints_its_triangles_alone, a_mesh_keeps_the_graphics_state_alpha, a_mesh_off_the_canvas_paints_nothing}` (`cargo test -p hayro`); (36) `raster::tests::mesh_triangles_sharing_an_edge_leave_no_seam`; (38) `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::device_rgb_operators_draw_in_default_rgb`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::device_cmyk_operators_draw_in_default_cmyk`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::device_gray_operators_draw_in_default_gray`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::device_images_draw_in_the_default_colour_spaces`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::device_shadings_draw_in_the_default_colour_spaces`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::an_image_drawn_with_and_without_a_default_keeps_both_colours`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::forms_inherit_the_default_colour_spaces_they_do_not_override`, `raster::tests::default_colour_spaces::unusable_defaults_leave_device_colour_alone`; (39) `raster::tests::knockout_groups_replace_what_their_elements_cover`; (40) `raster::tests::visibility_expressions_decide_what_a_membership_dictionary_shows`; (41) `raster::tests::a_multiply_highlight_inside_a_transparency_group_keeps_the_text`; (42) `raster::tests::rendering_modes_but_3_and_7_draw_type3_glyphs_as_filled`; (43) `raster::tests::lab_honours_the_space_white_point`, `raster::tests::indexed_palettes_over_lab_keep_their_colours`; (44) `text::tests::identity_to_unicode_names_give_text`; (46) `raster::tests::stencil_masks_are_drawn_at_the_fill_opacity_once`; (47) `raster::tests::a_five_point_polyline_is_not_painted_as_its_bounding_box`, `raster::tests::a_path_that_visits_every_corner_out_of_order_is_not_a_rectangle`, `raster::tests::a_rectangle_is_still_painted_as_a_rectangle`; (48) `raster::tests::icc_profile_cache::icc_profiles_with_identical_dictionaries_draw_their_own_colours`, `raster::tests::icc_profile_cache::icc_profiles_used_again_are_read_once`; (49) `raster::tests::a_font_whose_post_version_has_swapped_halves_is_still_used`; (50) `font::blob::tests::glyph_names_resolve_to_the_first_glyph_with_that_name`; (51) `context::saved_state_tests::repeated_saves_stay_bounded_and_balanced`; (52) `font::cid::tests::w2_run_past_the_largest_cid_keeps_the_rest_of_the_table` (hayro-interpret); (55) `raster::tests::devicen_inks::a_tint_transform_that_cannot_be_evaluated_draws_the_rest_of_the_page_and_warns`, `raster::tests::devicen_inks::a_tint_transform_that_cannot_be_read_falls_back_and_warns`; (56) `raster::tests::invisible_unknown_annotations_and_popups_paint_nothing`; (57) `substitute_widths::a_substitute_keeps_its_glyph_shapes_at_wider_advances`, `substitute_widths::a_substitute_still_narrows_glyphs_to_narrower_advances` (pdfcraft-render `tests/it`); (58) `cid_fallback_query::a_cid_font_fallback_request_carries_its_descendants_style`, `cid_fallback_query::a_cid_font_without_a_descriptor_asks_for_the_default_style` (pdfcraft-render integration tests); (59) `raster::tests::no_rotate_notes_stay_upright_at_their_corner_on_rotated_pages` (hayro-interpret); (61) `stroke_geometry::{degenerate_subpaths_draw_a_round_dot_or_nothing, degenerate_subpaths_leave_the_rest_of_the_path_alone, a_segment_after_h_begins_a_new_subpath, all_zero_dash_arrays_draw_a_solid_line, invalid_dash_arrays_reach_a_device_as_solid, valid_dash_patterns_still_dash, negative_line_widths_reach_a_device_as_zero, negative_line_widths_draw_the_thinnest_line_in_the_stroke_colour}` (pdfcraft-render integration tests); (63) `color::device_cmyk_gray_tests::{each_ink_darkens_by_its_iso_weight, ink_past_full_coverage_is_black_and_bad_components_read_as_zero}` (hayro-interpret), `it::luminosity_group_space::{black_ink_in_a_device_cmyk_group_masks_fully_and_no_ink_shows_fully, each_process_ink_in_a_device_cmyk_group_masks_by_its_weight, a_device_cmyk_backdrop_colour_masks_by_its_gray, gray_and_rgb_groups_mask_as_before, device_cmyk_on_the_page_keeps_its_display_colour}` (pdfcraft-render); (64) `type3_text_clip::{clip_only_type3_text_is_not_rendered_and_leaves_no_clip, invisible_type3_text_is_not_rendered, other_modes_render_type3_glyphs_filled_and_never_clip, only_outline_glyphs_shape_a_clip_shared_with_type3_text, self_nesting_type3_text_in_a_clip_mode_stays_bounded}` (`cargo test -p pdfcraft-render --test it`), `raster::tests::rendering_modes_but_3_and_7_draw_type3_glyphs_as_filled`, `text::tests::clipping_mode_type3_text_is_kept_by_the_ocr_filter`; (65) `it::zero_area_fill_clip` (`crates/render/tests/it/zero_area_fill_clip.rs`); (66) `separation_all::{separation_all_fills_paint_the_complemented_tint_as_gray, separation_all_strokes_paint_the_complemented_tint_as_gray, separation_all_images_paint_each_sample_as_the_complemented_gray, separation_all_shadings_paint_the_complemented_gray, separation_none_paints_nothing, a_named_separation_still_paints_through_its_alternate, a_device_n_space_naming_all_still_paints_through_its_alternate}` (`cargo test -p pdfcraft-render --test it`); (71) `raster::tests::an_indexed_lookup_table_is_read_in_every_legal_form` (pdfcraft-render); (72) `raster::tests::an_uncoloured_pattern_uses_its_underlying_space_in_every_form` (pdfcraft-render); (73) `raster::tests::the_jbig2_images_of_a_page_share_one_allowance`, `a_picture_whose_jbig2_mask_is_past_the_pages_allowance_is_not_drawn` and `a_pages_jbig2_allowance_ends_with_the_page` (pdfcraft-render); (74) `raster::tests::{a_chain_of_colour_spaces_ends, colour_spaces_are_read_to_the_limit_of_their_nesting, a_chain_built_on_spaces_already_read_ends, a_profile_read_at_the_limit_keeps_its_alternate_for_a_read_nearer_the_top}` (pdfcraft-render); (75) `raster::tests::a_soft_hyphen_a_substitute_lacks_draws_its_hyphen` (pdfcraft-render); (76) `raster::tests::non_embedded_arial::{an_arial_the_pdf_does_not_embed_draws_the_glyphs_its_codes_name, codes_of_other_fonts_are_not_read_in_the_macintosh_order}` (pdfcraft-render); (77) `euro_width::the_euro_fits_its_standard_advance`, `euro_width::two_euros_stay_apart`, `euro_width::a_slanted_euro_fits_its_standard_advance`, `symbol_dingbats_width::{symbol_glyphs_keep_their_standard_advances, zapf_dingbats_glyphs_keep_their_standard_advances}` (pdfcraft-render `tests/it`), `dingbat_check_box::a_check_box_caption_check_is_drawn_at_its_standard_advance` (pdfcraft-engine `tests/it`); (78) `raster::tests::{fills_of_one_pattern_setting_share_its_cell, fills_of_interleaved_pattern_settings_each_show_their_own_cell, an_uncoloured_pattern_shows_each_settings_colour}` (pdfcraft-render); (79) `raster::tests::a_symbolic_truetype_font_without_an_encoding_reads_its_glyph_names`, `pdf::tests::a_symbolic_truetype_font_without_an_encoding_reads_its_glyph_names` (pdfcraft-fonts, the editor's reading by the same rules) ; (80) `crates/render/tests/it/indexed_lookup.rs` (`cargo test -p pdfcraft-render --test it indexed_lookup`), `raster::tests::indexed_lookup_cache`; (82) `raster::tests::a_soft_mask_far_larger_than_where_it_is_drawn_is_shrunk_once`, `raster::tests::an_averaged_down_soft_mask_follows_its_samples_and_its_drawn_size`, `raster::tests::decoded_images_serve_every_size_they_are_drawn_at` (pdfcraft-render); (83) `raster::tests::truetype_loca_format::a_truetype_font_with_an_out_of_range_loca_format_draws_its_glyphs` (pdfcraft-render); (84) `text::tests::an_embedded_adobe_collection_font_reads_through_its_ucs2_cmap`, `every_adobe_collection_reads_through_its_own_ucs2_cmap` (GB1, CNS1, Korea1, Identity-V, `/H` over CFF) and `a_font_outside_the_adobe_collections_gets_no_text_from_a_ucs2_cmap` (pdfcraft-render); (85) `text::tests::{a_tounicode_written_as_cid_ranges_gives_text, a_tounicode_bf_entry_wins_over_a_cid_entry_for_the_same_code}` (pdfcraft-render); (86) `widgets_above_annotations::a_widget_is_drawn_above_the_comments_on_its_page` (pdfcraft-render `tests/it`); (87) `raster::tests::type3_proc_cache::{a_type3_glyph_shown_again_decodes_its_procedure_once, a_procedure_over_64_kib_is_decoded_for_each_copy, the_procedures_one_cache_keeps_stop_at_32_mib, fonts_with_the_same_glyph_name_keep_their_own_procedures}` (pdfcraft-render); (88) `raster::tests::non_embedded_arial::{a_times_new_roman_the_pdf_does_not_embed_draws_the_glyphs_its_codes_name, codes_of_other_fonts_are_not_read_in_the_macintosh_order}` (pdfcraft-render); (89) `raster::tests::a_form_that_draws_itself_is_drawn_once`, `raster::tests::a_form_that_reaches_itself_through_a_pattern_or_a_glyph_is_drawn_once` (pdfcraft-render); (90) `raster::tests::type3_proc_widths::{a_type3_font_without_widths_advances_by_its_glyph_procedures, a_code_outside_first_char_to_last_char_still_has_width_zero, widths_the_font_gives_are_kept, a_code_without_a_usable_procedure_width_still_advances_nothing, a_type3_font_without_widths_is_reported}` (pdfcraft-render); (91) `raster::tests::failed_image_decodes::{a_picture_that_does_not_decode_is_decoded_once_however_often_it_is_drawn, a_picture_that_does_not_decode_is_decoded_once_at_each_size, a_stencil_mask_that_does_not_decode_is_decoded_once_however_often_it_is_drawn, a_picture_whose_soft_mask_does_not_decode_draws_unmasked_decoded_once, a_picture_that_decodes_is_still_decoded_once_and_drawn_every_time, a_picture_left_out_for_the_pages_allowance_draws_on_the_next_page}` (pdfcraft-render); (92) `text::tests::agl_unicode_from_name_rule_reads_text` (pdfcraft-render); (93) `cid_cff_unusable_font_dict::{glyphs_of_a_usable_font_dict_draw_beside_an_unusable_one, a_program_with_no_usable_font_dict_draws_no_square}` (pdfcraft-render integration tests); (94) `raster::tests::a_font_without_a_subtype_is_drawn_by_its_base_font` (pdfcraft-render); (98) `symbol_mt_builtin_encoding::{symbol_mt_draws_symbols_through_the_built_in_encoding, a_name_that_only_starts_with_symbol_is_not_symbol, symbol_mt_applies_its_differences, an_embedded_symbol_mt_draws_its_own_program}` (pdfcraft-render integration tests); (99) `raster::tests::thin_patches_of_a_mesh_in_a_tight_path_are_all_painted` (pdfcraft-render); (100) `text::tests::numbered_glyph_names_read_as_their_own_code`, `text::tests::numbered_type3_glyph_names_read_as_their_own_code`, `text::tests::glyph_names_outside_the_glyph_list_still_read_as_text` (pdfcraft-render); (101) `raster::tests::symbolic_truetype_mac_roman_text::{a_symbolic_truetype_font_in_the_macintosh_order_reads_its_codes_as_mac_roman, winansi_codes_of_a_font_in_the_macintosh_order_read_as_before, a_symbolic_truetype_font_without_a_1_0_subtable_reads_as_before, a_1_0_subtable_selecting_other_glyphs_than_the_drawn_ones_is_not_read, a_font_that_names_its_glyphs_is_not_read_by_their_order, a_symbol_or_zapfdingbats_font_in_the_macintosh_order_gets_no_mac_roman_reading, differences_naming_notdef_clear_the_mac_roman_reading_for_its_code, a_base_encoding_name_this_reader_does_not_know_keeps_the_mac_roman_reading_off}` (pdfcraft-render), `pdf::tests::a_symbolic_truetype_font_in_the_macintosh_order_reads_its_codes_as_mac_roman` (pdfcraft-fonts); (102) `text::tests::tracked_vertical_latin_stays_one_line` (pdfcraft-render); (81) `raster::tests::replies_are_not_drawn_but_their_comment_and_group_members_are`, `raster::tests::an_unknown_or_malformed_rt_is_a_reply_and_a_widget_with_irt_still_draws` (hayro-interpret); (103) `raster::tests::the_view_auto_state_sets_a_groups_state_on_screen`, `raster::tests::layer_toggles_and_print_renders_are_not_the_view_auto_state` and `raster::tests::malformed_view_auto_state_is_ignored` (pdfcraft-render) |
 | hayro | 0.7.1 | Apache-2.0 OR MIT | (1) `RenderSettings::{x_offset, y_offset}` to render one tile of a large page; (2) images over `MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS` (2^28) are skipped (a fuzzed `/W 4294967295` hung in resampling); (3) `tiling_cell_scale` keeps a tiling pattern's cell pixmap within 3000 px a side whatever its `/XStep`/`/YStep` (a fuzzed step far beyond `/BBox` allocated 2 GB); (4) stroke widths clamped to 4 × (canvas width + height) device pixels (a fuzzed `/LW 9223372036854775807` allocated 10 GB in stroke expansion); (5) `usable_dash_pattern`: a stroke whose dash pattern could cut it into more than `MAX_DASHES_PER_STROKE` (250,000) pieces, counting kurbo's restart of the pattern at every subpath and `ClosePath`, is drawn solid (a fuzzed `/D [[11] 0]` on a line from x = 92234775807 allocated over 5 GB, `[0.000001] 0 d` on a 20 pt line over 10 GB); (6) a dash pattern with a negative or non-finite entry, or a period that isn't positive, is drawn solid (`[-1 -1] 0 d` looped for ever in kurbo); (7) `render_size` and `render_into`: render into a buffer the caller allocates (PdfCraft renders into pixel-aligned memory that the GUI takes over as texture data); `render` is `render_into` on a new pixmap; (8) checked image source/target/RGBA, alpha-premultiplication scratch and intermediate sizes before resampling, finite transforms and exact source/mask buffers; sources wider than u16 may shrink before backend limits, with a 2^20 source-axis cap and conservative 128 MiB filter-planning estimate; an over-limit or failed resize keeps the original image resolution and geometry when the source fits the backend, otherwise skips it, with a logged warning; staging, resampling output/scratch, RGBA conversion and padding buffers use fallible reserves; (9) `may_paint_canvas`: a fill or stroke whose control-point box, grown by how far its paint reaches past the path (half the stroke width times the larger of the miter limit and √2) plus 0.5 user units and 2 pixels, misses the canvas is not drawn, so a tile no longer strokes and fills every path of its page (item 5 of #623); `set_skip_offscreen_paths` turns this off for the regression test; (10) `/Interpolate` governs the pre-resize too (#624): a minified image that does not request interpolation is pre-resized with nearest-neighbour (since (21), only inside Type 3 glyphs), planned without the Catmull-Rom filter limits (`image_resampling_size` takes the flag); a Type 3 glyph image is sampled bicubically only when interpolated; a minified image with a matching soft mask is nearest-sampled straight into premultiplied RGBA; (11) `may_paint_rect`: an image whose stream-size box, mapped to the device, misses the canvas is skipped before decoding (decoded data can only shrink against that box), so a tile of an image-heavy page no longer decodes, resamples and rasterizes every image on it; (12) preview renders (`InterpreterSettings::preview`: backdrops, thumbnails, grid cells, signature-drag backgrounds) skip images under `PREVIEW_MIN_IMAGE_AREA` device pixels, while final renders always draw them; (13) reading colours (#897): `RenderSettings::color_replacement` takes a `ColorReplacement` (text colour, background, `only_black`, `line_art`) that remaps solid text and line-art paint while rendering, glyph outlines counting as text and stencil-mask ink as line art; images, image alpha masks, soft masks and pattern cells keep their colours; `render_pdf` gains a `color_replacement: Option<ColorReplacement>` argument (pass `None` for true colours); the upstream-only `[dev-dependencies.log]` entry is removed from `Cargo.toml` (log is a normal dependency since the logging patch), so `cargo test -p hayro` runs this crate's unit tests; (14) a shrunk image that is interpolated (or, since (21), area-averaged) and whose axes lie along the device's (upright, mirrored or a quarter turn, as on a page under `/Rotate`) is snapped to whole device pixels: shrunk once to its rounded device rectangle (halves round up, so a tile snaps an edge where the whole page does) and drawn 1:1 from the rounded corner, instead of a ceil-sized raster resampled again at a fractional scale and offset (`snap_minified_image`; scans looked soft next to Acrobat, and until #5530 a turned one still did, up to 200 grey levels off the same page drawn upright). An image counts as axis-aligned when the terms the snap drops move its far edges by at most a hundredth of a device pixel (`SNAP_SKEW`), not by a tolerance on the coefficients, which let a slight skew of a very wide image through; and the snapped 1:1 transform is used only when the shrink produced the snapped size, so a failed resize keeps the full transform instead of drawing the source raster at its source size; (15) a soft mask of another size than its image is filtered when shrunk, whatever its `/Interpolate` (#1649): such a mask carries the shape on its own (Word saves text as a tiny black image with a glyph-bitmap mask), and nearest-neighbour dropped every stroke thinner than the shrink factor; (16) under a soft mask or a blend mode, axial and radial shadings are sampled instead of drawn as native gradients (#2128): vello_cpu 0.0.8 copies an opaque gradient over fully covered tiles without the mask or blend mode, so PowerPoint's faded gradient fills came out solid; (17) the renderer keeps annotation paints out of the reading-colours mapping between `begin_annotations` and `end_annotations` (#1548); (18) the page renders as one transparency group; under reading colours its background is painted inside it as the initial backdrop, so a Multiply highlight blends with the dark background instead of staying an opaque block, and otherwise the background stays outside, so a blend mode over an empty part of the page keeps its colour instead of blending with the white paper (#2970); (19) `set_paint` samples a mesh shading's texture over its triangles alone (`EncodedShadingPattern::extent`, padded rather than repeated) and skips a mesh with none on the canvas: a BricsCAD plan's 310 one-triangle `sh` each covered the whole tile, 2 s per 1024 px tile at any zoom (the watchdog gave the page up on a busy machine), now about 70 ms; (20) a tiling pattern whose step is too large for a cell pixmap, where what is painted (a fill, or a stroke with its width) can only show the first cell (PowerPoint's `/XStep 2147480100` for a picture fill drawn once), has its `/BBox` drawn at full scale with a transparent border and padded instead of tiled (`shows_one_cell`; a cell whose scale isn't finite and positive, from a `/BBox` too thin to divide by, keeps the old path: `usable_cell_scale`); shrinking the cell to fit the 3000 px limit of (3) left the picture under a pixel, so network diagrams lost their pictures (#3349); (21) an image that does not request interpolation and is drawn below its resolution, outside a Type 3 glyph, is shrunk by area averaging (`area_shrink`: each device pixel the coverage-weighted mean of the samples it covers, in 16.16 fixed point whose weights sum to exactly one, premultiplied when the image has a mask; a soft mask no larger than the image is first sampled onto the image's grid by `mask_on_image_grid` (nearest-neighbour, or bilinearly when the mask asks for `/Interpolate`, so its edge stays as smooth as an enlarged mask's), so its colour and mask are averaged together instead of the averaged colour of transparent samples showing under a mask layer at the mask's edges) to its snapped device rectangle, instead of nearest-neighbour: `/Interpolate` asks for smoothing only when an image is enlarged (ISO 32000-2 §8.9.5.3), and nearest-neighbour kept one sample in N per axis, so the text of a 300 dpi scan at 100% lost most of its strokes (sampling them again at a fractional offset dropped more). PicScale's `Box` and `Area` filters were not used: shrinking, both average a window four target pixels wide. On a 13-page 300 dpi scan every rendered sample at 96, 120 and 192 dpi is within 1 of the exact area average (it was up to 255 off, 17-23% of samples by more than 1). A snapped image whose shrink failed keeps the full transform, so it is not drawn at its source size. The shrink never enlarges: a side drawn at or above its resolution (an image shrunk across and stretched down, as a 204 × 98 dpi fax is) keeps its samples for the sampler. Each target row averages the whole source rows it covers (contiguous, cheap) and is then shrunk across with taps worked out once per image, which made the shrink about three times faster (a 300 dpi page at 96 dpi: 25 ms, nearest-neighbour 11 ms); working a row at a time (`area_shrink_rows`) keeps its work memory to a few rows. An image with a soft mask, a stencil's ink included, is premultiplied a source row at a time as it is averaged (`area_shrink_premultiplied`), never as a full-resolution RGBA copy: a 10718 × 13701 stencil shown at page size peaked at 1.16 GB with that copy and peaks at 1.03 GB without it, as with nearest-neighbour. A source with a side over `MAX_RESAMPLING_SOURCE_SIDE` (2^20) keeps (10)'s nearest-neighbour shrink, and `area_shrink` refuses it, so its accumulator row and tap table stay a few times one source row (a 2^27 × 2 image of zeros is a tiny file); (22) knockout groups: while one is innermost, fills, strokes, glyph outlines and shadings are drawn with `Compose::Copy` (weighted by coverage), so each element replaces what earlier elements of the group drew instead of compositing over it; an image or nested group, drawn into a layer of its own, first has what is under its shape cleared (`knockout_image` for an unmasked image's rectangle, only when `draw_image` will draw it, decoded at the size it is drawn; a knockout erase pass that draws a nested group's content with every paint clearing instead of painting, a shading fill's clear clipped to the shading's `/BBox` as its paint is) and then composites over it (#2971); (23) backport of hayro 0.8: shadings that `as_svg_gradient` can represent are painted as a `vello_cpu` linear or two-point radial gradient instead of a texture sampled pixel by pixel through the shading function (InDesign fades are luminosity soft masks of one full-page axial `sh`: 40 on a report page took 15 s at 144 dpi, now under 1 s); without upstream's half-pixel shift, which suits vello_cpu 0.3 but moves 0.0.8's gradients off pixel centres; (25) a tiling cell is drawn at the scale that makes one `/XStep` (`/YStep`) exactly the cell pixmap's whole number of pixels (`tiling_cell_pixels`, at least 1 and at most the cap), so the repeated pixmap puts cells at whole multiples of the step at any device scale; drawing at the unrounded scale repeated the cell up to half a pixel off at every step, and the error grew with distance from the pattern's origin (ISO 32000-2 8.7.3.1); (28) an image of page-scan size (`SMOOTHED_IMAGE_SIDE`: 512 samples or more on its shorter side) that does not request interpolation is drawn with `ImageQuality::Medium` (bilinear, as interpolated images are) when enlarged by more than 1% on either side (`SMOOTHED_IMAGE_SCALE`: a scan drawn at its resolution can come out a few ulps above 1, and blurred by half a pixel at a half-pixel offset), also when the other side is shrunk (the area shrink leaves that side at 1:1), outside a Type 3 glyph: scans rarely set `/Interpolate`, and drawn nearest-neighbour every sample of a zoomed scan became a block, so its text had staircase edges; icons, QR codes and pixel art keep their hard pixels. Bicubic (`High`) looked the same on a zoomed 300 dpi scan and drew four 1024 px tiles at 400% in 267 ms against 50 ms; (30) a stencil mask painted with a pattern is drawn under a clip of its device rectangle, padded by two pixels: the pattern in an isolated layer, cut to the stencil by a layer holding it composited with `Compose::DestIn` (drawn without a Type 3 glyph's image rules, as the sub-render it replaces was), instead of through a canvas-sized luminance mask rendered for every draw; and a coloured tiling pattern's cell pixmap, repeated or shown once under patch (20), is drawn once per setting of the pattern and cell scale (`Renderer::tiling_cell`, `TilingCells`, eight entries per renderer, keyed by hayro-interpret patch (78)'s `TilingPattern::instance`) instead of once per fill, where every cell was kept until the page was composited. pdf.js issue 8078 paints 73,047 16 × 16 stencils with one pattern whose cell is 3.5 MB at 36 dpi: it ran out of memory after 5 minutes and now renders in about 5 s. For its tests, `offscreen_draws` counts on each thread the tiling cells drawn and the pixels of every pixmap drawn offscreen (all made by `offscreen_pixmap`), so a page's cost is checked by count, not by time; (31) `RenderSettings::max_coverage` keeps the rasterizer to that many coverage values for the page (vello_cpu patch 1), and a page whose paths it left out says so with `InterpreterWarning::ContentTruncated` | (1) `raster::tests::tiles_match_full_render`; (2) `raster::tests::absurd_image_dimensions_are_skipped`; (3) `raster::tests::tiling_cells_stay_small_whatever_the_step`; (4) `raster::tests::absurd_predictor_columns_and_line_widths_render`; (5) `raster::tests::dash_patterns_that_cut_a_stroke_into_billions_of_pieces_render`; (6) `raster::tests::invalid_dash_patterns_terminate_and_are_drawn_solid`; (7) `raster::tests::pixels_are_a_plain_renders_bytes_in_a_buffer_a_gui_can_take_over`; (8) `raster::tests::image_resampling_rejects_anisotropic_target_growth`, `raster::tests::image_resampling_bounds_intermediate_before_planning`, `raster::tests::image_resampling_rejects_invalid_sources_and_scales`, `raster::tests::image_resampling_keeps_valid_sizes_and_exact_limits`, `raster::tests::resampling_fallback_preserves_original_geometry_and_pixels`, `raster::tests::image_resampling_wide_sources_shrink_before_backend_side_limits`, `raster::tests::image_resampling_wide_transparent_sources_still_shrink`, `raster::tests::image_resampling_padded_backend_dimensions_stay_checked`, `raster::tests::image_resampling_mismatched_alpha_mask_keeps_pixels_and_placement`; (9) `raster::tests::skipping_paths_off_the_canvas_changes_no_pixel`; (10) `raster::tests::non_interpolated_images_are_not_smoothed_when_minified`, `raster::tests::non_interpolated_gray_images_are_not_smoothed_when_minified`, `raster::tests::non_integer_minification_averages_the_columns_each_pixel_covers`, `raster::tests::non_integer_minification_averages_colour_and_mask_together`, `raster::tests::non_interpolated_alpha_images_keep_their_colours_and_mask_when_minified`, `raster::tests::non_interpolated_type3_glyph_images_are_not_smoothed_when_minified`, `raster::tests::image_resampling_nearest_accepts_wide_sources_the_filter_refuses`, `raster::tests::wide_non_interpolated_sources_draw_after_shrinking`; (11) `raster::tests::skipping_paths_off_the_canvas_changes_no_pixel`; (12) `raster::tests::preview_renders_skip_tiny_images_but_finals_draw_everything`; (13) `color_replacement_tests::{black_maps_to_text_colour, white_maps_to_background, midgrey_interpolates, alpha_copied_verbatim, only_black_threshold, line_art_false_skips_paths_but_not_text}`, `color_replacement_render_tests::{color_replacement_maps_text_and_line_art, color_replacement_maps_stencil_mask_ink}`; (14) `raster::tests::minified_image_edges_snap_to_whole_pixels`, `raster::tests::a_tile_snaps_half_pixel_image_edges_as_the_whole_page_does` (`cargo test -p hayro`), `raster::tests::a_turned_or_mirrored_minified_image_snaps_to_whole_pixels`, `rotated_image_snap::a_shrunk_image_on_a_turned_page_is_the_upright_render_turned` (`cargo test -p pdfcraft-render --test it`), `renderer::snap_tests::a_skew_that_moves_a_far_edge_is_not_snapped` (`cargo test -p hayro`); (15) `raster::tests::shrunk_soft_mask_larger_than_its_image_keeps_thin_strokes`; (16) `raster::tests::soft_mask_applies_to_a_shading_pattern_fill`; (17), (18) `raster::tests::reading_colors_keep_highlight_annotations_readable`; (19) `mesh_extent_tests::{a_mesh_paints_its_triangles_alone, a_mesh_keeps_the_graphics_state_alpha, a_mesh_off_the_canvas_paints_nothing}` (`cargo test -p hayro`); (20) `raster::tests::a_tiling_pattern_drawn_once_shows_its_cell`, `raster::tests::a_large_step_still_tiles_where_the_next_cell_shows`, `raster::tests::a_tiling_cell_too_thin_to_scale_keeps_the_old_path`; (21) `raster::tests::non_interpolated_minification_keeps_thin_strokes`, `raster::tests::non_integer_minification_averages_the_columns_each_pixel_covers`, `raster::tests::non_integer_minification_averages_colour_and_mask_together`, `raster::tests::non_interpolated_minification_does_not_bleed_transparent_colour`, `raster::tests::a_smaller_soft_mask_does_not_bleed_transparent_colour_when_minified`, `raster::tests::an_interpolated_smaller_soft_mask_stays_smooth_when_its_image_is_minified`, `raster::tests::a_shrunk_stencil_mask_keeps_thin_strokes`, `raster::tests::minified_image_edges_snap_to_whole_pixels`, `raster::tests::an_image_shrunk_one_way_and_stretched_the_other_is_still_averaged`, `raster::tests::wide_non_interpolated_sources_draw_after_shrinking`, `renderer::area_shrink_tests` (`cargo test -p hayro`); (22) `raster::tests::knockout_groups_replace_what_their_elements_cover`; (23) `raster::tests::axial_and_radial_shadings_draw_as_native_gradients`; (25) `tiling_cell_placement::{far_cells_of_a_fill_sit_at_whole_steps, far_cells_sit_at_whole_steps_under_a_turned_scaled_matrix, far_cells_of_a_stroke_sit_at_whole_steps, a_cell_pixmap_spans_exactly_one_step}` (`cargo test -p pdfcraft-render --test it`); (28) `raster::tests::large_non_interpolated_images_are_smoothed_when_enlarged`, `raster::tests::small_non_interpolated_images_keep_hard_pixels_when_enlarged`, `raster::tests::a_scan_shrunk_one_way_is_smoothed_the_way_it_is_stretched`, `raster::tests::a_scan_drawn_a_rounding_error_above_its_resolution_stays_sharp`; (30) `raster::tests::{a_patterned_stencil_mask_paints_only_where_it_inks, a_patterned_stencil_mask_under_a_soft_mask_is_masked_once, a_patterned_stencil_mask_in_a_type3_glyph_keeps_thin_strokes, many_patterned_stencil_masks_draw_no_page_sized_masks, fills_of_one_pattern_setting_share_its_cell, fills_of_interleaved_pattern_settings_each_show_their_own_cell, an_uncoloured_pattern_shows_each_settings_colour}`; (31) `raster::tests::coverage_budget::a_page_past_its_coverage_leaves_the_rest_out_and_says_so` |
 | hayro-jbig2 | 0.3.0 | Apache-2.0 OR MIT | (1) at most 2^28 pixels per bitmap and page bitmap, and 2^25 cells per halftone grid and grayscale image (each side could be 65535: 4.3 billion pixels decoded one by one, and a 4-byte value per cell); (2) at most 2^26 symbol pixels per symbol dictionary (a fuzzed dictionary decoded for minutes); (3) a symbol dictionary's height classes are capped at one per new symbol and its export runs at `2 × symbols + 1`, each plus `EXTRA_EMPTY_STEPS` (1024): an empty height class or a zero-length export run doesn't advance, and past the end of its data the arithmetic decoder can decode them for ever (one changed byte hung the renderer); (4) a segment header's long-form referred-to segment count is capped at `u16::MAX` and a larger count is refused before its retention or referred-to bytes are read: the 29-bit count went straight to `Vec::with_capacity`, a reservation of about 2 GiB whose failure aborts the process (from storytold/craft-libs#176); (5) what a page's segments hold for later ones (intermediate regions, pattern and symbol dictionaries with their headers and retained contexts, and Huffman tables) is at most 64 MiB, two square bitmaps of 16,384 a side (`MAX_RETAINED_WORDS`), and a dictionary's new and exported symbols are counted against it as they are made: each was bounded on its own, but a few dozen bytes an intermediate region held 33 MB each, and 8 MiB symbols exported again and again killed the process, so a few kilobytes could exhaust memory; (6) a segment may refer to at most 2^20 symbols, checked before any are collected: references may repeat, and 65,535 of them to one dictionary, in a 78 KB stream, asked for 17 GB; (7) a pattern dictionary keeps at most 16 MiB of shifted copies, which only speed up drawing, and none that wouldn't fit what the page has left (`MAX_SHIFTED_WORDS`); (8) a custom Huffman table has at most 2^16 lines, and a stream with its globals at most 2^20 segments and 2^22 references, checked as they are read: both grew before anything counted them, and PDFs of a kilobyte or so reached 5 GB and more behind nested Flate; (9) a page past the bounds of (1) is refused when the stream is opened: a caller sizes its output from the header before the page bitmap is made, and an Indexed image in a 743-byte PDF asked for 137 GB, which aborts; (10) a stream may ask for at most 2^30 units of decoding work, four of the largest pages, about 6 s to 17 s (`MAX_WORK`): decoding a bitmap costs a pixel each and 4 a row, copying one a word each and 1 a row, and each integer an item reads costs 38, what one takes at worst, so one with no pixels pays too, before it is decoded: each bitmap was bounded, but nothing bounded how many there were, and a 795-byte PDF took 265 s; (11) `Image::decode_within` spends from what a run of images may still do, starting with its page's pixels, and `charge_reading` charges reading a stream and its globals before anything is parsed, so an operation over a document can bound what `MAX_WORK` bounds for one image, and images that fail or decode nothing add up too: a file of thousands of images made to reach that limit took as many times as long; (12) adding to a location, a reference offset, a symbol's corner or a Huffman range line near the end of an `i32`, and negating a decoded integer of 2^31, overflowed: a panic wherever overflow is checked. The refinement context, a text region's corners, the integer decoder and the Huffman table wrap, as a release build did, and `Bitmap::combine` saturates, which comes to the same, as a location that overflows is past the end of any page. What is drawn doesn't change; (13) a bitmap filled with a default pixel of 1 (a page, or an intermediate text or halftone region) had 1s past its width in the last word of each row, and a refinement, which reads its reference a word at a time, read them as pixels where the standard has 0 (6.3.5.2): refining such a reference not a multiple of 32 wide decoded to other pixels than were coded, release builds too. `Bitmap::clear_padding` clears those bits when a bitmap is filled with 1s, as cutting symbols and patterns from a collective bitmap already did. Ghostscript reads the test's page and text streams as they decode now; (14) a region's location is unsigned (5.4.4), so one past `i32::MAX` is off the page, where the decoder took it for a signed one: a region there was drawn back onto the page from the left or the top (at 0xFFFFFFFC, four pixels left of it), and a refinement there, of the page or of a region at the same place (7.4.7.5), was refused as an overflow, and the page with it. `Bitmap::combine_region` keeps such a location past the page. A refinement of another region refines it where it is, as Table 35 has it (GRREFERENCEDX and GRREFERENCEDY 0), whatever the two locations say; a refinement of the page, see (16); (15) a refinement whose reference is offset right of it (GRREFERENCEDX above 0, which a refined text instance has from a wider bitmap, Table 12, and a refined symbol from an RDX above 0, Table 18) read the reference's first 32 columns as 0: `RefinementContextGatherer::maybe_reload_buffers` emptied its buffers left of the reference and didn't load them again at its first column. Such a refinement decoded to other pixels than were coded, or failed and lost the page. Left of the reference the buffers now keep the words of its first column each row starts with; with an offset of 0 or less nothing changes; (16) a refinement of the page refines "the current contents of the page buffer, restricted to the area of the page buffer specified by this segment's region segment information field" (7.4.7.4), at an offset of 0 (Table 35): `Bitmap::area` copies that area a word at a time, 0 off the page and past its width whatever the padding of its rows holds, and every refinement region reads its reference at offset 0. The page around the area was read too, so a refinement of the page decoded to other pixels than were coded, and one wider or taller than the page was refused. And `RefinementContextGatherer::start_row` loads the reference's words a column left of where a row starts in it, as the reload would, not from column 0: with the reference offset 32 or more left of the refinement (GRREFERENCEDX below −31, as a refined text instance has from a narrower bitmap or an RDX below −31, and a refined symbol from such an RDX), each row's first context read 0 for the reference column it starts at, and from 33 left for the one before it too, and the refinement decoded to other pixels or failed; (17) `Image::new_embedded` reads data that starts with a JBIG2 file header (the ID string `0x97 4A 42 32 0D 0A 1A 0A`, flags and an optional page count, D.4) past it, in the organization the header declares (sequential or random access), its segments counted together with the globals' as (8) has them: ISO 32000-1 7.4.7 has `JBIG2Decode` data in the embedded organization (D.3), but some producers write the file header too, and Acrobat and PDFBox draw such streams. The header's ID string was read as a segment header and the image failed (`unknown or reserved segment type`), so the page drew white | (1) `raster::tests::jbig2_regions_of_billions_of_pixels_are_refused`, `raster::tests::jbig2_halftone_grids_past_their_bound_are_refused`; (2) the nightly `cargo xtask fuzz` finding, which now finishes in about a second; (3) `raster::tests::jbig2_symbol_dictionaries_that_never_advance_terminate`; (4) `segment::tests::test_referred_to_count_is_capped` (`cargo test --manifest-path vendor/hayro-jbig2/Cargo.toml`); (5) `raster::tests::jbig2_regions_held_past_a_pages_bound_are_refused`, `jbig2_symbols_without_pixels_count_towards_a_pages_bound`, `jbig2_retained_contexts_count_towards_a_pages_bound`, `jbig2_huffman_tables_count_towards_a_pages_bound`, `jbig2_new_symbols_count_towards_a_pages_bound`, `jbig2_new_symbols_are_held_to_what_a_page_has_left`, `jbig2_pattern_dictionaries_count_towards_a_pages_bound`, and in the crate (`cargo test --manifest-path vendor/hayro-jbig2/Cargo.toml`) `decode::symbol::tests::exported_symbols_are_counted_before_they_are_copied`, `tests::the_room_left_shrinks_as_segments_are_stored`; (6) `raster::tests::jbig2_segments_referring_to_too_many_symbols_are_refused`; (7) `raster::tests::jbig2_pattern_dictionaries_too_large_to_shift_still_draw`, `jbig2_shifted_patterns_never_refuse_an_image`; (8) `raster::tests::jbig2_huffman_tables_of_too_many_lines_are_refused`, `jbig2_streams_of_too_many_segments_are_refused`, `jbig2_streams_of_too_many_references_are_refused`, and in the crate `tests::the_segments_of_a_stream_and_its_globals_count_together`; (9) `raster::tests::jbig2_pages_past_the_bounds_are_refused_before_anything_is_sized_from_them`, `tests::a_page_past_the_bounds_is_refused_when_opened`; (10) `raster::tests::jbig2_decoding_work_is_counted_item_by_item`; (11) `jbig2::decode::tests::a_run_of_images_spends_its_allowance_down_to_the_step` (pdfcraft-filters); (12) `raster::tests::jbig2_placements_at_the_end_of_an_i32_draw_nothing`; (13) `jbig2::decode::tests::a_refinement_reads_nothing_past_its_references_width` (pdfcraft-filters), and in the crate `tests::a_bitmap_of_1s_has_nothing_past_its_width`; (14) `jbig2::decode::tests::a_region_located_past_i32_max_is_off_the_page` (pdfcraft-filters), and in the crate `tests::a_region_located_past_i32_max_is_off_the_page` and `tests::a_refinement_of_a_region_decodes_the_same_wherever_they_are`; (15) `jbig2::decode::tests::a_refinement_reads_a_reference_right_of_it_from_its_first_column` (pdfcraft-filters), and in the crate `tests::a_refinement_reads_a_reference_right_of_it_from_its_first_column`; (16) `jbig2::decode::tests::a_refinement_refines_the_page_in_its_area_and_any_reference_where_it_is` (pdfcraft-filters), and in the crate `tests::a_refinement_refines_the_page_in_its_area_and_any_reference_where_it_is` and `tests::a_page_area_is_the_page_inside_it_and_0_outside` ; (17) `jbig2::decode::tests::a_stream_with_a_jbig2_file_header_decodes_past_it`, `jbig2::decode::tests::a_truncated_jbig2_file_header_is_an_error`, `jbig2::decode::tests::segments_after_a_jbig2_file_header_count_with_the_globals` (pdfcraft-filters), `raster::tests::a_jbig2_image_with_a_file_header_draws` (pdfcraft-render) |
 | lopdf | 0.45.0 | MIT | (1) PNG predictor rows longer than the data are refused before their buffers are allocated (a fuzzed `/Columns 4294967295` allocated two 4 GiB rows), and empty frames return without row buffers; (2) predictor row widths use saturating arithmetic or reject overflow; (3) sub-byte TIFF Predictor 2 scratch is bounded by the samples present in the input instead of the declared `/Colors`, aligned with [lopdf#589](https://github.com/J-F-Liu/lopdf/pull/589); (4) the object lookup keeps its cycle history through compressed objects, requires an ordinary in-file container, and caps the chain of indirect lookups at 16 (a chain of new objects, each a `/Length` compressed in a container whose own `/Length` names the next, or a stream whose `/Length` names the next stream, overflowed the stack: a dev build's 2 MiB thread within 800 hops); (5) object-stream members are parsed within their own extent (up to the next distinct offset), an entry whose offset repeats an earlier entry's is skipped (so a repeated object number can resolve to its earlier entry), and offsets are processed in index order; (6) `find_latest_trailer`: a rebuild takes a `/Type /XRef` stream dictionary as the trailer when the file has no `trailer` keyword (the latest in the file wins, as a later `trailer` would), so a concatenated or truncated file keeps its /Info and /ID instead of failing to load; a candidate whose /Root is the catalog beats one whose /Root is another dictionary, and an in-file /Root must match its generation (#2365) | (1) `inspect::tests::png_predictor_rows_longer_than_the_data_are_refused_before_allocating`, `inspect::tests::empty_png_predictor_frames_do_not_allocate_rows`; (2) `inspect::tests::tiff_subbyte_predictor_row_width_overflow_is_refused`; (3) `inspect::tests::tiff_subbyte_predictor_scratch_is_bounded_by_available_samples`, `inspect::tests::tiff_subbyte_predictors_keep_components_rows_and_padding`; (4) `inspect::tests::compressed_object_self_container_does_not_recurse`, `inspect::tests::compressed_object_mutual_containers_do_not_recurse`, `inspect::tests::object_stream_length_cycle_does_not_recurse`, `inspect::tests::compressed_object_container_chain_does_not_recurse`, `inspect::tests::compressed_length_chain_does_not_recurse`, `inspect::tests::plain_stream_length_chain_does_not_recurse`, `inspect::tests::compressed_objects_and_indirect_stream_length_still_load`, `inspect::tests::compressed_length_in_a_container_with_an_indirect_length_still_loads`; (5) `inspect::tests::object_stream_member_extents_bound_owned_strings`, `inspect::tests::object_stream_member_extents_preserve_index_order_and_whitespace`; (6) `inspect::tests::rebuilt_file_keeps_the_info_of_its_cross_reference_stream`, `inspect::tests::rebuilt_file_prefers_a_trailer_whose_root_is_the_catalog` |
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/cache.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/cache.rs
index cb885bd6a7..9c633c8738 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/cache.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/cache.rs
@@ -10,9 +10,10 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 
 type CacheMap = HashMap<u128, Option<Box<dyn Any + Send + Sync>>>;
 /// The objects read from a document, by key. PdfCraft patch (48): the second field counts the
-/// ICC profiles read through it ([`Cache::icc_profile_reads`]).
+/// ICC profiles read through it ([`Cache::icc_profile_reads`]). PdfCraft patch (80): the third
+/// counts the `/Indexed` lookup tables read ([`Cache::indexed_lookup_reads`]).
 #[derive(Clone)]
-pub(crate) struct Cache(Arc<Mutex<CacheMap>>, Arc<AtomicUsize>);
+pub(crate) struct Cache(Arc<Mutex<CacheMap>>, Arc<AtomicUsize>, Arc<AtomicUsize>);
 impl Default for Cache {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self::new()
@@ -21,7 +22,11 @@ impl Default for Cache {
 
 impl Cache {
     pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
-        Self(Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new())), Arc::default())
+        Self(
+            Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
+            Arc::default(),
+            Arc::default(),
+        )
     }
 
     /// PdfCraft patch (48): count one ICC profile read, the colour space of an `/ICCBased`
@@ -35,6 +40,17 @@ impl Cache {
         self.1.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
     }
 
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): count one `/Indexed` lookup table read (a stream decoded or a
+    /// string copied).
+    pub(crate) fn count_indexed_lookup_read(&self) {
+        self.2.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
+    }
+
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): how many `/Indexed` lookup tables were read through this cache.
+    pub(crate) fn indexed_lookup_reads(&self) -> usize {
+        self.2.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn get_or_insert_with<T: Clone + Send + Sync + 'static>(
         &self,
         id: u128,
@@ -142,6 +158,7 @@ fn warning_bit(warning: InterpreterWarning) -> u8 {
         InterpreterWarning::ContentTruncated => 4,
         InterpreterWarning::ColorFallback => 8,
         InterpreterWarning::Type3WidthsMissing => 16,
+        InterpreterWarning::MalformedIndexedImage => 32,
     }
 }
 
@@ -153,6 +170,7 @@ fn warnings_in(bits: u8) -> impl Iterator<Item = InterpreterWarning> {
         InterpreterWarning::ContentTruncated,
         InterpreterWarning::ColorFallback,
         InterpreterWarning::Type3WidthsMissing,
+        InterpreterWarning::MalformedIndexedImage,
     ]
     .into_iter()
     .filter(move |warning| bits & warning_bit(*warning) != 0)
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/color.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/color.rs
index b93b69c73c..4021b31e04 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/color.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/color.rs
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ impl ColorSpaceType {
                     return Some(Self::Lab(Lab::new(&lab_dict)?));
                 }
                 INDEXED | I => {
-                    return Some(Self::Indexed(Indexed::new(&color_array, cache, depth)?));
+                    return Some(Self::Indexed(Indexed::new(&color_array, cache, depth, false)?));
                 }
                 SEPARATION => {
                     return Some(Self::Separation(Separation::new(&color_array, cache, depth)?));
@@ -312,6 +312,22 @@ impl ColorSpace {
         Some(Self(Arc::new(ColorSpaceType::new(object, cache, depth)?)))
     }
 
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): as `new`, except that an `/Indexed` space with no lookup table is
+    /// built (marked tableless) rather than unreadable, for the image and colour operators to
+    /// handle it (see `Indexed::new`). Every other space is read as by `new`.
+    pub(crate) fn new_allowing_tableless(object: Object<'_>, cache: &Cache) -> Option<Self> {
+        if let Object::Array(array) = &object
+            && array
+                .flex_iter()
+                .next::<Name<'_>>()
+                .is_some_and(|family| matches!(family.deref(), INDEXED | I))
+        {
+            return Indexed::new(array, cache, 0, true)
+                .map(|indexed| Self(Arc::new(ColorSpaceType::Indexed(indexed))));
+        }
+        Self::new(object, cache)
+    }
+
     /// Create a new color space from the name.
     pub(crate) fn new_from_name(name: &Name<'_>) -> Option<Self> {
         ColorSpaceType::new_from_name(name).map(|c| Self(Arc::new(c)))
@@ -354,6 +370,18 @@ impl ColorSpace {
         matches!(self.0.as_ref(), ColorSpaceType::Indexed(_))
     }
 
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): whether this is an indexed colour space that broke ISO 32000-2
+    /// §8.6.6.3 and was recovered (see `Indexed::new`).
+    pub(crate) fn is_recovered_indexed(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self.0.as_ref(), ColorSpaceType::Indexed(i) if i.recovered && !i.tableless)
+    }
+
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): whether this is an indexed colour space with no lookup table (see
+    /// `Indexed::new`), which only `ColorSpace::new_allowing_tableless` builds.
+    pub(crate) fn is_tableless_indexed(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self.0.as_ref(), ColorSpaceType::Indexed(i) if i.tableless)
+    }
+
     /// Get the default decode array for the color space.
     pub(crate) fn default_decode_arr(&self, n: f32) -> SmallVec<[(f32, f32); 4]> {
         match self.0.as_ref() {
@@ -1003,55 +1031,144 @@ impl ToRgb for Lab {
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub(crate) struct Indexed {
+    /// `hival + 1` entries of the base's component count each; entries from `present` on are
+    /// zeros and are drawn black (see `convert_f32`).
     values: Vec<Vec<f32>>,
     hival: u8,
     base: Box<ColorSpace>,
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): how many entries the lookup table holds in full (at most
+    /// `hival + 1`). An index at or past it is drawn black.
+    present: usize,
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): the space broke ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3 and was recovered (see
+    /// `Indexed::new`).
+    recovered: bool,
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): the space has no lookup table at all (see `Indexed::new`).
+    tableless: bool,
 }
 
 impl Indexed {
-    fn new(array: &Array<'_>, cache: &Cache, depth: u32) -> Option<Self> {
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3 says `hival` "shall be an integer" no greater
+    /// than 255 and the lookup table "shall be m × (hival + 1) bytes long", but not how a reader
+    /// recovers when a file breaks this. Most readers draw such a space, and so does this:
+    /// - a real `hival` is truncated toward zero (upstream read it so too);
+    /// - a `hival` past 255 is taken as 255;
+    /// - a lookup table shorter than m × (hival + 1) bytes keeps the entries it holds in full,
+    ///   and an index past them is drawn black, after conversion, whatever the base space (zero
+    ///   bytes would be white in DeviceCMYK, Separation and DeviceN, and blue in Lab).
+    ///
+    /// Any of these sets `recovered`, which the drawing paths report. A `hival` below zero (once
+    /// truncated), or not a number, has no reading: the space cannot be read, as upstream, and
+    /// `has_unusable_hival` lets the image path report it.
+    ///
+    /// A lookup that is missing, or neither a string nor a stream that decodes, is no table at
+    /// all. Upstream could not read such a space either. With `allow_tableless` it is built,
+    /// marked `tableless`, so that the image path can skip the image with a warning and the
+    /// colour operators can fall back as upstream; without it, it is `None` as upstream.
+    fn new(array: &Array<'_>, cache: &Cache, depth: u32, allow_tableless: bool) -> Option<Self> {
         let mut iter = array.flex_iter();
         // Skip name
         let _ = iter.next::<Name<'_>>()?;
         let base_color_space = ColorSpace::within(iter.next::<Object<'_>>()?, cache, depth + 1)?;
-        let hival = iter.next::<u32>()?.min(u8::MAX as u32) as u8;
+        let (hival, hival_recovered) = indexed_hival(iter.next::<object::Number>()?)?;
 
-        let values = {
-            // PdfCraft patch (71): read once, as whichever it is. A failed read as a stream leaves
-            // a direct string in place but uses up a reference, so a table in an indirect string
-            // was lost, and the space with it.
-            let data = match iter.next::<Object<'_>>()? {
-                Object::Stream(s) => s.decoded().ok()?,
-                Object::String(s) => Cow::Owned(s.to_vec()),
-                _ => return None,
-            };
+        // At most 255 components (a `u8`), and at most 256 entries.
+        let num_components = usize::from(base_color_space.num_components());
+        let entries = usize::from(hival) + 1;
 
-            let num_components = base_color_space.num_components();
-
-            let mut byte_iter = data.iter().copied();
-
-            let mut vals = vec![];
-            for _ in 0..=hival {
-                let mut temp = vec![];
-
-                for _ in 0..num_components {
-                    temp.push(byte_iter.next()? as f32 / 255.0);
-                }
-
-                vals.push(temp);
-            }
-
-            vals
-        };
+        // PdfCraft patch (80): read once and then by type, so a string lookup given by an
+        // indirect reference is found (a failed stream read had already consumed the
+        // reference).
+        let data = iter
+            .next::<Object<'_>>()
+            .and_then(|o| indexed_lookup(o, cache));
+        let tableless = data.is_none();
+        if tableless && !allow_tableless {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let data: &[u8] = data.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+        let present = data
+            .len()
+            .checked_div(num_components)
+            .unwrap_or(0)
+            .min(entries);
+        let mut bytes = data.iter().copied();
+        let values: Vec<Vec<f32>> = (0..entries)
+            .map(|entry| {
+                (0..num_components)
+                    .map(|_| {
+                        if entry < present {
+                            f32::from(bytes.next().unwrap_or(0)) / 255.0
+                        } else {
+                            0.0
+                        }
+                    })
+                    .collect()
+            })
+            .collect();
 
         Some(Self {
             values,
             hival,
             base: Box::new(base_color_space),
+            present,
+            recovered: hival_recovered || present < entries,
+            tableless,
         })
     }
 }
 
+/// PdfCraft patch (80): an Indexed space's `hival` (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3) as drawn, and whether
+/// it had to be recovered: a real is truncated toward zero and a value past 255 is taken as 255.
+/// `None` for a value below zero once truncated, or one that is not finite.
+fn indexed_hival(number: object::Number) -> Option<(u8, bool)> {
+    let value = number.as_f64();
+    let whole = value.trunc();
+    // NaN fails this test too.
+    if !(whole >= 0.0 && whole.is_finite()) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let clamped = whole.min(f64::from(u8::MAX));
+    // `clamped` is a whole number in 0..=255, so the cast is exact.
+    Some((clamped as u8, clamped != value))
+}
+
+/// PdfCraft patch (80): whether `object` is an `/Indexed` colour space array whose `hival` has no
+/// reading (below zero, or not a number), which `Indexed::new` cannot recover. Reads the array's
+/// first and third entries only; the lookup table is not touched.
+pub(crate) fn has_unusable_hival(object: &Object<'_>) -> bool {
+    let Object::Array(array) = object else {
+        return false;
+    };
+    let mut iter = array.flex_iter();
+    if !iter
+        .next::<Name<'_>>()
+        .is_some_and(|family| matches!(family.deref(), INDEXED | I))
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let _base = iter.next::<Object<'_>>();
+    iter.next::<object::Number>()
+        .and_then(indexed_hival)
+        .is_none()
+}
+
+/// PdfCraft patch (80): an Indexed space's lookup table, a byte string or a stream (ISO 32000-2
+/// §8.6.6.3), with a stream's filters applied. `None` for any other object or a stream that
+/// cannot be decoded. A stream that decodes to nothing although it holds data counts as one that
+/// cannot be decoded: the Flate decoder recovers what it can from a broken stream, and here
+/// recovered nothing. Each call is counted on `cache` (`Cache::indexed_lookup_reads`).
+fn indexed_lookup<'a>(lookup: Object<'a>, cache: &Cache) -> Option<Cow<'a, [u8]>> {
+    cache.count_indexed_lookup_read();
+    match lookup {
+        Object::Stream(s) => s
+            .decoded()
+            .ok()
+            .filter(|d| !d.is_empty() || s.raw_data().is_empty()),
+        Object::String(s) => Some(Cow::Owned(s.to_vec())),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
 impl ToRgb for Indexed {
     fn convert_f32(&self, input: &[f32], output: &mut [u8], _: bool) -> Option<()> {
         let mut indexed = vec![0.0; input.len() * self.base.num_components() as usize];
@@ -1065,7 +1182,20 @@ impl ToRgb for Indexed {
             output.copy_from_slice(&self.values[idx]);
         }
 
-        self.base.convert_f32(&indexed, output, true)
+        self.base.convert_f32(&indexed, output, true)?;
+
+        // PdfCraft patch (80): an index past the entries the table holds is drawn black, in
+        // whatever space the base is (see `Indexed::new`).
+        if self.present <= usize::from(self.hival) {
+            for (input, rgb) in input.iter().copied().zip(output.chunks_exact_mut(3)) {
+                let idx = (input.clamp(0.0, self.hival as f32) + 0.5) as usize;
+                if idx >= self.present {
+                    rgb.fill(0);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Some(())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/context.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/context.rs
index 00aa0cfddb..587c91797c 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/context.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/context.rs
@@ -220,6 +220,13 @@ impl<'a> InterpreterCache<'a> {
     pub fn icc_profile_reads(&self) -> usize {
         self.object_cache.icc_profile_reads()
     }
+
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): how many `/Indexed` lookup tables were read through this cache, for
+    /// diagnostics and tests. A colour space named by a resource is built, and its table read,
+    /// once however many images or colours use it.
+    pub fn indexed_lookup_reads(&self) -> usize {
+        self.object_cache.indexed_lookup_reads()
+    }
 }
 
 /// A per-page interpretation context that borrows shared data from an [`InterpreterCache`].
@@ -308,7 +315,7 @@ impl<'a> Context<'a> {
         let mut ocg_state = {
             let root_ref = xref.root_id();
             xref.get::<Dict<'_>>(root_ref)
-                .map(|catalog| OcgState::from_catalog(&catalog))
+                .map(|catalog| OcgState::from_catalog(&catalog, xref, settings.view_auto_state))
                 .unwrap_or_default()
         };
         // PdfCraft patch: apply viewer layer toggles.
@@ -565,6 +572,8 @@ impl<'a> Context<'a> {
         self.get_mut().ctm *= transform;
     }
 
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): an `/Indexed` resource with no lookup table is built, marked
+    /// tableless, for the image and colour operators to handle (see `Indexed::new`).
     pub(crate) fn get_color_space(
         &mut self,
         resources: &Resources<'_>,
@@ -574,7 +583,10 @@ impl<'a> Context<'a> {
         self.interpreter_cache
             .object_cache
             .get_or_insert_with(cs_object.cache_key(), || {
-                ColorSpace::new(cs_object.clone(), &self.interpreter_cache.object_cache)
+                ColorSpace::new_allowing_tableless(
+                    cs_object.clone(),
+                    &self.interpreter_cache.object_cache,
+                )
             })
     }
 
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/convert.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/convert.rs
index e768911415..0380f04b76 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/convert.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/convert.rs
@@ -28,3 +28,33 @@ pub(crate) fn convert_line_join(lc: LineJoin) -> kurbo::Join {
         _ => kurbo::Join::Miter,
     }
 }
+
+/// PdfCraft patch (61): the line width to keep for a `w` operand or an ExtGState `/LW`. ISO
+/// 32000-2 §8.4.3.2 makes 0 "the thinnest line that can be rendered at device resolution" but
+/// says nothing of a negative width; it is drawn as 0, as is one that isn't finite, so no device
+/// sees a width below zero.
+pub(crate) fn convert_line_width(width: f32) -> f32 {
+    if width.is_finite() && width > 0.0 {
+        width
+    } else {
+        0.0
+    }
+}
+
+/// PdfCraft patch (61): the dash array to keep for a `d` operator or an ExtGState `/D`. ISO
+/// 32000-2 §8.4.3.6 requires numbers that "shall be nonnegative and not all zero". A pattern that
+/// breaks that (all zero, a negative or a non-finite entry) is kept as `[]`, a solid line, rather
+/// than cut into dashes the zero-entry workaround below would make a hundredth of a point long.
+pub(crate) fn convert_dash_array(
+    dashes: impl Iterator<Item = f32>,
+) -> smallvec::SmallVec<[f32; 4]> {
+    let dashes: smallvec::SmallVec<[f32; 4]> = dashes.collect();
+    if dashes.iter().any(|d| !d.is_finite() || *d < 0.0) || dashes.iter().all(|d| *d == 0.0) {
+        return smallvec::SmallVec::new();
+    }
+    // kurbo apparently cannot properly deal with dashes that are exactly 0.
+    dashes
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|d| if d == 0.0 { 0.01 } else { d })
+        .collect()
+}
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/blob.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/blob.rs
index 184f7d5a19..59228468d4 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/blob.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/blob.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use skrifa::instance::{LocationRef, Size};
 use skrifa::metrics::GlyphMetrics;
 use skrifa::outline::{DrawSettings, Engine, HintingInstance, HintingOptions, Target};
 use skrifa::raw::TableProvider;
+use skrifa::raw::model::pen::NullPen;
 use skrifa::raw::ps::cff::{CffFontRef, Subfont, charset::Charset, v1::Cff};
 use skrifa::raw::ps::string::Sid;
 use skrifa::raw::ps::type1::Type1Font;
@@ -126,6 +127,18 @@ impl CffFontBlob {
         path.take()
     }
 
+    /// PdfCraft patch (see vendor/README.md hayro-interpret (77)): the glyph's own advance from
+    /// its charstring, in thousandths of an em like [`Self::outline_glyph`], or `None` when the
+    /// charstring can't be read or gives no usable width.
+    pub(crate) fn advance_width(&self, glyph: GlyphId) -> Option<f32> {
+        let subfont = self.subfont(glyph)?;
+        self.font()
+            .draw(subfont, glyph, &[], Some(UNITS_PER_EM), &mut NullPen)
+            .ok()
+            .flatten()
+            .filter(|width| width.is_finite() && *width > 0.0)
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn glyph_names(&self) -> Vec<(GlyphId, String)> {
         let Some(charset) = self.charset() else {
             return Vec::new();
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/standard_font.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/standard_font.rs
index b253d8c5ea..6655ccd3d6 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/standard_font.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/standard_font.rs
@@ -361,7 +361,9 @@ impl StandardFontBlob {
 
     pub(crate) fn advance_width(&self, glyph: GlyphId) -> Option<f32> {
         match self {
-            Self::Cff(_) => None,
+            // PdfCraft patch (77): the stand-in's own advance, so a glyph drawn wider than the
+            // standard metrics (the € of the bundled stand-ins) is fitted to them.
+            Self::Cff(blob) => blob.advance_width(glyph),
             Self::Otf(blob, _) => blob.glyph_metrics().advance_width(glyph),
         }
     }
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/true_type.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/true_type.rs
index 336dfc169e..27e8e6b5a2 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/true_type.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/font/true_type.rs
@@ -191,11 +191,23 @@ impl TrueTypeFont {
         }
 
         match &self.kind {
-            // PdfCraft patch (#3169): a name outside the glyph list reads by the glyph list
-            // specification's full mapping (`f_i`, `hyphen.case`).
-            Kind::Embedded(e) => e.code_to_unicode_name(code as u8).and_then(|name| {
-                glyph_name_to_unicode(name).map(BfString::Char).or_else(|| glyph_name_to_text(name))
-            }),
+            Kind::Embedded(e) => {
+                // PdfCraft patch (79): see `EmbeddedKind::symbolic_text`.
+                if let Some(text) = e.symbolic_text(code as u8) {
+                    let mut chars = text.chars();
+                    return Some(match (chars.next(), chars.next()) {
+                        (Some(c), None) => BfString::Char(c),
+                        _ => BfString::String(text.to_string()),
+                    });
+                }
+                // PdfCraft patch (#3169): a name outside the glyph list reads by the glyph list
+                // specification's full mapping (`f_i`, `hyphen.case`).
+                e.code_to_unicode_name(code as u8).and_then(|name| {
+                    glyph_name_to_unicode(name)
+                        .map(BfString::Char)
+                        .or_else(|| glyph_name_to_text(name))
+                })
+            }
             Kind::Standard(s) => s.char_code_to_unicode(code as u8).map(BfString::Char),
         }
 
@@ -221,6 +233,9 @@ struct EmbeddedKind {
     cached_mappings: RefCell<HashMap<u8, GlyphId>>,
     /// PostScript name from the PDF.
     postscript_name: Option<String>,
+    /// PdfCraft patch (79): the text each glyph's `post` table name stands for, for the names
+    /// that stand for any (`glyph_name_text`).
+    text_names: HashMap<GlyphId, String>,
     /// PdfCraft patch (101): whether the font may take the Mac OS Roman reading at all, worked out
     /// once when it is loaded (`EmbeddedKind::mac_roman_name`).
     mac_roman_eligible: bool,
@@ -240,6 +255,10 @@ impl EmbeddedKind {
             .and_then(|d| OpenTypeFontBlob::new(Arc::new(d.to_vec()), 0))?;
 
         let glyph_names = base_font.glyph_names();
+        let text_names = glyph_names
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|(name, glyph)| Some((*glyph, glyph_name_text(name)?)))
+            .collect();
 
         let cff_font_blob = base_font
             .font_ref()
@@ -283,6 +302,7 @@ impl EmbeddedKind {
             encoding,
             cached_mappings: RefCell::new(HashMap::new()),
             postscript_name,
+            text_names,
             mac_roman_eligible: !names_base_encoding && !symbolic_builtin,
         })
     }
@@ -325,6 +345,29 @@ impl EmbeddedKind {
             .or_else(|| win_ansi::get(code))
     }
 
+    /// PdfCraft patch (79): a symbolic font without an encoding selects its glyphs through its
+    /// own `cmap`, so its codes need not mean anything in WinAnsi. FrameMaker files distilled
+    /// with Distiller 3 number them in the Macintosh glyph order, 29 below ASCII, and read as
+    /// WinAnsi `Solid` came out as `6ROLG` (#3962). The name the `post` table gives the glyph the
+    /// code selects says what it is, as MuPDF reads it, and as pdfcraft-fonts reads it for the
+    /// editor. `None` when the font is non-symbolic, has an encoding or a `/Differences` entry
+    /// for the code, selects no glyph for it, or names it with no text: the code is then read as
+    /// before.
+    fn symbolic_text(&self, code: u8) -> Option<&str> {
+        if self.is_non_symbolic()
+            || !matches!(self.encoding, Encoding::BuiltIn)
+            || self.differences.contains_key(&code)
+            || self.cff_blob.is_some()
+        {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let glyph = self.map_code(code);
+        if glyph == GlyphId::NOTDEF {
+            return None;
+        }
+        self.text_names.get(&glyph).map(String::as_str)
+    }
+
     fn outline_glyph(&self, glyph: GlyphId) -> BezPath {
         self.base_font.outline_glyph(glyph)
     }
@@ -510,6 +553,38 @@ pub(crate) enum Width {
     Missing,
 }
 
+/// PdfCraft patch (79): the text a glyph name stands for, by the rules of the Adobe Glyph List
+/// specification (ISO 32000-2 §9.10.2): drop any suffix from the first `.` (`a.ss01` is `a`),
+/// then each `_`-separated component is a list name, `uni` and groups of exactly four
+/// uppercase hex digits, or `u` and four to six. A value in the surrogate range or past
+/// U+10FFFF is no character. `None` when any component is none of these (`uni20ac`, `uni65`,
+/// `u65`). Each component gives at least one character, so the text is never empty.
+fn glyph_name_text(name: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    // An empty stem (`.notdef`) is no list name and no number, so it gives `None` below.
+    let stem = name.split('.').next()?;
+    // `from_str_radix` alone would also take a sign (`uni+041`) and lowercase digits, which the
+    // specification's forms don't have.
+    let hex = |h: &str| !h.is_empty() && h.bytes().all(|b| matches!(b, b'0'..=b'9' | b'A'..=b'F'));
+    let mut out = String::new();
+    for part in stem.split('_') {
+        if let Some(text) = glyph_names::get(part) {
+            out.push_str(text);
+        } else if let Some(digits) = part.strip_prefix("uni").filter(|h| hex(h)) {
+            // A group short of four digits isn't there to take, so `uni041` gives `None`.
+            for i in (0..digits.len()).step_by(4) {
+                let unit = digits.get(i..i.saturating_add(4))?;
+                out.push(char::from_u32(u32::from_str_radix(unit, 16).ok()?)?);
+            }
+        } else {
+            let digits = part
+                .strip_prefix('u')
+                .filter(|h| (4..=6).contains(&h.len()) && hex(h))?;
+            out.push(char::from_u32(u32::from_str_radix(digits, 16).ok()?)?);
+        }
+    }
+    Some(out)
+}
+
 pub(crate) fn read_widths(dict: &Dict<'_>, descriptor: &Dict<'_>) -> Option<(Vec<Width>, f32)> {
     let mut widths = Vec::new();
 
@@ -601,3 +676,53 @@ pub(crate) fn read_encoding(dict: &Dict<'_>) -> (Encoding, HashMap<u8, String>)
         )
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::glyph_name_text;
+
+    /// PdfCraft patch (79): glyph names read by the glyph list specification's rules.
+    #[test]
+    fn glyph_names_read_by_the_adobe_glyph_list_rules() {
+        for (name, expected) in [
+            ("a", "a"),
+            ("a.ss01", "a"),
+            ("less_equal.liga", "<="),
+            ("uni0041", "A"),
+            ("uni00410042", "AB"),
+            ("u0041", "A"),
+            ("u1F600", "\u{1F600}"),
+        ] {
+            assert_eq!(glyph_name_text(name).as_deref(), Some(expected), "{name}");
+        }
+        for name in [
+            "",
+            ".notdef",
+            ".alt",
+            "EMquad",
+            "uni041",
+            "uni00410",
+            "uni004G",
+            "uni+041",
+            "u+041",
+            "uniD800",
+            "u041",
+            "u0000041",
+            "u004G",
+            "a_EMquad",
+            // PdfCraft patch (79): the glyph list specification's hex digits are uppercase only.
+            "uni20ac",
+            "uni004100e9",
+            "u1f600",
+            "u20ac",
+            "a_uni20ac",
+            "uni65",
+            "u65",
+            "uni+065",
+            "uDFFF",
+            "u110000",
+        ] {
+            assert_eq!(glyph_name_text(name), None, "{name}");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/mod.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/mod.rs
index f443988d41..cd70f480c7 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/mod.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/mod.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 use crate::{BlendMode, FillRule};
 use crate::color::{ColorSpace, DefaultColorSpaces, DeviceFamily};
 use crate::context::Context;
-use crate::convert::{convert_line_cap, convert_line_join};
+use crate::convert::{convert_dash_array, convert_line_cap, convert_line_join, convert_line_width};
 use crate::device::Device;
 use crate::font::{Font, FontData, FontQuery, StandardFont};
 use crate::interpret::path::{
-    apply_pending_clip, close_path, fill_path, fill_path_impl, fill_stroke_path, stroke_path,
+    apply_pending_clip, begin_subpath_after_close, close_path, fill_path, fill_path_impl,
+    fill_stroke_path, stroke_path,
 };
 use crate::interpret::state::{TextStateFont, handle_gs};
 use crate::interpret::text::TextRenderingMode;
@@ -111,6 +112,11 @@ pub struct InterpreterSettings {
     /// PdfCraft patch: viewer overrides for optional content groups (object number, generation,
     /// visible), applied on top of the document's default configuration (Layers panel toggles).
     pub ocg_overrides: Arc<Vec<(i32, i32, bool)>>,
+    /// PdfCraft patch (103): apply the default configuration's auto state for the View event
+    /// (`/AS` usage applications with `/Event /View`, ISO 32000-2 §8.11.4.4) before
+    /// `ocg_overrides`. On by default: that is the state for viewing. Off for output made for
+    /// printing, which the View event is not.
+    pub view_auto_state: bool,
     /// PdfCraft patch: once this is `true`, interpretation stops before the next content
     /// operator. What was drawn is then incomplete, so only set it when the output will be
     /// thrown away (a viewer's render whose result nobody can receive any more).
@@ -144,6 +150,7 @@ impl Default for InterpreterSettings {
             render_annotations: true,
             hide_comments: false,
             ocg_overrides: Arc::new(Vec::new()),
+            view_auto_state: true,
             cancelled: None,
             preview: false,
             jbig2_work: hayro_syntax::MAX_PAGE_JBIG2_WORK,
@@ -166,6 +173,11 @@ pub enum InterpreterWarning {
     /// read, or a Separation or DeviceN tint transform that cannot be evaluated) and was painted
     /// in a fallback colour. Reported at most once per content stream.
     ColorFallback,
+    /// PdfCraft patch (80): an image's `/Indexed` colour space is malformed (ISO 32000-2
+    /// §8.6.6.3). The image was drawn recovered (indices past a short lookup table in black, a
+    /// `hival` past 255 taken as 255, a real one truncated), or, with a `hival` below zero or not a
+    /// number, in DeviceGray; with no lookup table at all it was not drawn.
+    MalformedIndexedImage,
     /// PdfCraft patch (90): a Type 3 font without `/Widths` (or `/FirstChar`/`/LastChar`),
     /// which ISO 32000-2 Table 110 requires, was selected; its glyphs advance by the widths
     /// their glyph procedures set with `d0`/`d1`. Reported each time such a font is selected.
@@ -531,7 +543,9 @@ fn interpret_window<'a>(
                 context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_pattern = None;
             }
             TypedInstruction::LineWidth(w) => {
-                context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_props.line_width = w.0.as_f32();
+                // PdfCraft patch (61): see `convert_line_width`.
+                context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_props.line_width =
+                    convert_line_width(w.0.as_f32());
             }
             TypedInstruction::LineCap(c) => {
                 context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_props.line_cap = convert_line_cap(c);
@@ -610,19 +624,20 @@ fn interpret_window<'a>(
             }
             TypedInstruction::LineTo(m) => {
                 if !context.path().elements().is_empty() {
-                    let last_point = *context.last_point();
-                    let mut p = Point::new(m.0.as_f64(), m.1.as_f64());
+                    begin_subpath_after_close(context);
+                    // PdfCraft patch (61): a segment to the point it starts from is kept as it
+                    // is. Upstream nudged its end a ten-thousandth of a point to the right so
+                    // round caps drew a dot, which also gave butt and square caps a direction
+                    // to draw in; `stroke_path_impl` now handles degenerate subpaths.
+                    let p = Point::new(m.0.as_f64(), m.1.as_f64());
                     *(context.last_point_mut()) = p;
-                    if last_point == p {
-                        // Add a small delta so that zero width lines can still have a round stroke.
-                        p.x += 0.0001;
-                    }
 
                     context.path_mut().line_to(p);
                 }
             }
             TypedInstruction::CubicTo(c) => {
                 if !context.path().elements().is_empty() {
+                    begin_subpath_after_close(context);
                     let p1 = Point::new(c.0.as_f64(), c.1.as_f64());
                     let p2 = Point::new(c.2.as_f64(), c.3.as_f64());
                     let p3 = Point::new(c.4.as_f64(), c.5.as_f64());
@@ -634,6 +649,7 @@ fn interpret_window<'a>(
             }
             TypedInstruction::CubicStartTo(c) => {
                 if !context.path().elements().is_empty() {
+                    begin_subpath_after_close(context);
                     let p1 = *context.last_point();
                     let p2 = Point::new(c.0.as_f64(), c.1.as_f64());
                     let p3 = Point::new(c.2.as_f64(), c.3.as_f64());
@@ -645,6 +661,7 @@ fn interpret_window<'a>(
             }
             TypedInstruction::CubicEndTo(c) => {
                 if !context.path().elements().is_empty() {
+                    begin_subpath_after_close(context);
                     let p2 = Point::new(c.0.as_f64(), c.1.as_f64());
                     let p3 = Point::new(c.2.as_f64(), c.3.as_f64());
 
@@ -695,11 +712,19 @@ fn interpret_window<'a>(
                 // PdfCraft patch (38): see `named_color_space`.
                 // PdfCraft patch (55): a space that cannot be read is drawn in DeviceGray, as
                 // before, and the fallback is reported.
+                // PdfCraft patch (80): an Indexed space with no lookup table counts as one that
+                // cannot be read, as upstream.
                 let cs = named_color_space(c.0, resources, &defaults, context)
+                    .filter(|cs| !cs.is_tableless_indexed())
                     .unwrap_or_else(|| {
                         crate::color::note_color_fallback();
                         ColorSpace::device_gray()
                     });
+                // PdfCraft patch (80): so is an Indexed space drawn recovered (indices past a
+                // short table drawn black, a `hival` clamped or truncated; see `Indexed::new`).
+                if cs.is_recovered_indexed() {
+                    crate::color::note_color_fallback();
+                }
 
                 if !cs.is_pattern() {
                     context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_pattern = None;
@@ -711,11 +736,19 @@ fn interpret_window<'a>(
                 // PdfCraft patch (38): see `named_color_space`.
                 // PdfCraft patch (55): a space that cannot be read is drawn in DeviceGray, as
                 // before, and the fallback is reported.
+                // PdfCraft patch (80): an Indexed space with no lookup table counts as one that
+                // cannot be read, as upstream.
                 let cs = named_color_space(c.0, resources, &defaults, context)
+                    .filter(|cs| !cs.is_tableless_indexed())
                     .unwrap_or_else(|| {
                         crate::color::note_color_fallback();
                         ColorSpace::device_gray()
                     });
+                // PdfCraft patch (80): so is an Indexed space drawn recovered (indices past a
+                // short table drawn black, a `hival` clamped or truncated; see `Indexed::new`).
+                if cs.is_recovered_indexed() {
+                    crate::color::note_color_fallback();
+                }
 
                 if !cs.is_pattern() {
                     context.get_mut().graphics_state.non_stroke_pattern = None;
@@ -725,11 +758,9 @@ fn interpret_window<'a>(
             }
             TypedInstruction::DashPattern(p) => {
                 context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_props.dash_offset = p.1.as_f32();
-                // kurbo apparently cannot properly deal with offsets that are exactly 0.
+                // PdfCraft patch (61): see `convert_dash_array`.
                 context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_props.dash_array =
-                    p.0.iter::<f32>()
-                        .map(|n| if n == 0.0 { 0.01 } else { n })
-                        .collect();
+                    convert_dash_array(p.0.iter::<f32>());
             }
             TypedInstruction::RenderingIntent(_) => {
                 // Ignore for now.
@@ -971,6 +1002,24 @@ fn interpret_window<'a>(
                 let warning_sink = context.settings.warning_sink.clone();
                 let transfer_function = context.get().graphics_state.transfer_function.clone();
                 let cache = context.interpreter_cache.object_cache.clone();
+                // PdfCraft patch (80): an inline image naming a resource colour space that is an
+                // Indexed space whose `hival` has no reading is reported, as `ImageXObject::new`
+                // reports one given in place; the image falls back as upstream. Only the array's
+                // name and `hival` are read here, never its lookup table: a recovered space is
+                // reported by `ImageXObject::new` from the space it builds through the resource
+                // cache. A device space name (or its inline abbreviation) never refers to a
+                // resource (ISO 32000-2 §8.6.8), and `ImageXObject::new` takes it first, so a
+                // resource of that name is not consulted.
+                let inline_dict = i.0.dict();
+                if inline_dict
+                    .get::<hayro_syntax::object::Name<'_>>(hayro_syntax::object::dict::keys::CS)
+                    .or_else(|| inline_dict.get::<hayro_syntax::object::Name<'_>>(hayro_syntax::object::dict::keys::COLORSPACE))
+                    .filter(|name| ColorSpace::new_from_name(name).is_none())
+                    .and_then(|name| resources.get_color_space(&name))
+                    .is_some_and(|cs| crate::color::has_unusable_hival(&cs))
+                {
+                    warning_sink(InterpreterWarning::MalformedIndexedImage);
+                }
                 // PdfCraft patch: inline images are not cached (see `DecodedImageKey`).
                 // PdfCraft patch (38): an inline image in a device space, named directly or by a
                 // resource, draws in its default.
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/path.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/path.rs
index 32f40c3c08..1e5654bc97 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/path.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/path.rs
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ use crate::context::{Context, path_as_rect};
 use crate::device::Device;
 use crate::util::{BezPathExt, Float32Ext};
 use crate::{BlendMode, FillRule, Paint, PathDrawMode, StrokeProps};
-use kurbo::{BezPath, Cap, Join, PathEl};
+use kurbo::{Affine, BezPath, Cap, Join, PathEl, Point, Rect, Vec2};
 use smallvec::smallvec;
+use std::borrow::Cow;
 
 pub(crate) fn fill_path<'a>(
     context: &mut Context<'a>,
@@ -92,22 +93,160 @@ pub(crate) fn apply_pending_clip<'a>(context: &mut Context<'a>, device: &mut imp
     if let Some(rule) = context.clip_mut().take()
         && !context.path().elements().is_empty()
     {
-        let clip_path = context.get().ctm * context.path().clone();
-        context.push_clip_path(clip_path, rule, device);
+        let ctm = context.get().ctm;
+        // PdfCraft patch (65): a clip that encloses no area keeps the pixels a fill of it marks
+        // (see `degenerate_fill_area`), as ISO 32000-2 §10.7.4 says of clipping: "the clipping
+        // region consists of the set of pixels that would be included by a fill operation".
+        match degenerate_fill_area(context.path(), ctm) {
+            Some(area) => context.push_clip_path(area, FillRule::NonZero, device),
+            None => {
+                let clip_path = ctm * context.path().clone();
+                context.push_clip_path(clip_path, rule, device);
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
+/// PdfCraft patch (65): the device-space area a fill marks for a path whose bounding box (user
+/// space) has exactly no width or exactly no height, but not both, under `ctm`: one area per
+/// subpath (see `degenerate_line_area`), kept as separate subpaths of one path, so a gap between
+/// two subpaths on the same line stays unpainted (ISO 32000-2 §10.7.4 marks only the pixels the
+/// shape touches). Every area winds the same way, so the non-zero rule paints their union. `None`
+/// for a path with area, a path that is a point, or one none of whose subpaths is a line: those
+/// paint as before.
+pub(crate) fn degenerate_fill_area(path: &BezPath, ctm: Affine) -> Option<BezPath> {
+    let bbox = path.fast_bounding_box();
+    if (bbox.width() == 0.0) == (bbox.height() == 0.0) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let mut area = BezPath::new();
+    let mut add = |subpath: &BezPath| {
+        if subpath.elements().is_empty() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let Some(mut corners) = degenerate_line_area(subpath.fast_bounding_box(), ctm) else {
+            return;
+        };
+        // Shoelace: wind every area the same way, so overlapping ones add up under non-zero.
+        let twice_area: f64 = (0..4)
+            .map(|i| {
+                let (p, q) = (corners[i], corners[(i + 1) % 4]);
+                p.x * q.y - q.x * p.y
+            })
+            .sum();
+        if twice_area < 0.0 {
+            corners.reverse();
+        }
+        area.move_to(corners[0]);
+        for corner in &corners[1..] {
+            area.line_to(*corner);
+        }
+        area.close_path();
+    };
+    let mut subpath = BezPath::new();
+    for el in path.elements() {
+        if matches!(el, PathEl::MoveTo(_)) {
+            add(&subpath);
+            subpath.truncate(0);
+        }
+        subpath.push(*el);
+    }
+    add(&subpath);
+    (!area.elements().is_empty()).then_some(area)
+}
+
+/// PdfCraft patch (65): the corners of the device-space area a fill marks for one subpath whose
+/// bounding box `bbox` (user space) has exactly no width or exactly no height, but not both,
+/// under `ctm`. ISO 32000-2 §10.7.4 paints "any pixel whose half-open square region intersects
+/// the shape, no matter how small the intersection is", and its example says "A zero-width or
+/// zero-height rectangle paints a line 1 pixel wide". Such a path encloses no area, so the
+/// rasteriser marks nothing: the fill used to fall back to a thinnest-line stroke along the box
+/// (half-covering two rows when the line fell on a pixel boundary), and a clip of it hid
+/// everything painted after it. A box with area, however thin, is not one of these: scaled up it
+/// can cover many pixels.
+///
+/// When the line stays within one device row or column (counting a line less than 1/256 of a
+/// pixel across as lying exactly along the axis, at its middle), the area is the run of whole
+/// pixels it touches, by the half-open rule: from the floor of its low end to the ceiling of its
+/// high end, at least one pixel. Otherwise (a rotated or skewed `ctm` that carries it across
+/// rows and columns) it is a band one device pixel wide centred on the line, like the thinnest
+/// line of §8.4.3.2, so each row or column is marked only where the line runs through it. `None`
+/// for a box with area, a point (both sides zero), a non-finite box, or a `ctm` that collapses
+/// the line to a point.
+fn degenerate_line_area(bbox: Rect, ctm: Affine) -> Option<[Point; 4]> {
+    let flat_x = bbox.width() == 0.0;
+    let flat_y = bbox.height() == 0.0;
+    if flat_x == flat_y {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let a = ctm * Point::new(bbox.x0, bbox.y0);
+    let b = ctm * Point::new(bbox.x1, bbox.y1);
+    if ![a.x, a.y, b.x, b.y].iter().all(|v| v.is_finite()) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let along = b - a;
+    let length = along.hypot();
+    if !length.is_finite() || length <= 0.0 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let device = Rect::from_points(a, b);
+    let (x0, x1) = touched_pixels(device.x0, device.x1);
+    let (y0, y1) = touched_pixels(device.y0, device.y1);
+    if x1 - x0 <= 1.0 || y1 - y0 <= 1.0 {
+        return Some([Point::new(x0, y0), Point::new(x1, y0), Point::new(x1, y1), Point::new(x0, y1)]);
+    }
+    let half = Vec2::new(-along.y, along.x) * (0.5 / length);
+    Some([a + half, b + half, b - half, a - half])
+}
+
+/// PdfCraft patch (65): the device pixel boundaries `(first, end)` of the pixels a span `lo..=hi`
+/// (`lo <= hi`, finite) touches along one axis by the half-open rule, at least one pixel. A span
+/// under 1/256 of a pixel is taken at its middle, so a line along a device axis that a CTM's
+/// rounding tilts slightly still marks one row or column.
+fn touched_pixels(lo: f64, hi: f64) -> (f64, f64) {
+    let (lo, hi) = if ((hi - lo) as f32).is_nearly_zero() {
+        let mid = lo + (hi - lo) / 2.0;
+        (mid, mid)
+    } else {
+        (lo, hi)
+    };
+    let first = lo.floor();
+    (first, hi.ceil().max(first + 1.0))
+}
+
 pub(crate) fn close_path(context: &mut Context<'_>) {
     // This is necessary to prevent artifacts (see for example issue 157),
     // but it does cause some weird lines (maybe conflation artifacts) in
     // pdftc_900k_0907.
-    if context.path().elements().last() != Some(&PathEl::ClosePath) && !context.path().is_empty() {
+    //
+    // PdfCraft patch (61): a path that is a single `m` is closed too. kurbo's `is_empty` counts
+    // only segments, so upstream dropped the `h` of `x y m h`, and the single-point closed
+    // subpath a round cap paints as a dot (ISO 32000-2 §8.5.3.2) became a trailing `m`, which
+    // paints nothing.
+    if context.path().elements().last() != Some(&PathEl::ClosePath)
+        && !context.path().elements().is_empty()
+    {
         context.path_mut().close_path();
 
         *(context.last_point_mut()) = *context.sub_path_start();
     }
 }
 
+/// PdfCraft patch (61): call before appending a segment. ISO 32000-2 §8.5.2.1 (Table 58) says `h`
+/// "terminates the current subpath. Appending another segment to the current path shall begin a
+/// new subpath, even if the new segment begins at the endpoint reached by the h operation." kurbo
+/// takes a segment after a `ClosePath` on from the closed subpath's start without a `MoveTo`, so
+/// `resolve_degenerate_subpaths` saw the closed subpath and a degenerate one after it (`h` then an
+/// `l` to the same point) as one subpath and drew no round dot. A `MoveTo` to the point `h`
+/// reached starts the new subpath.
+pub(crate) fn begin_subpath_after_close(context: &mut Context<'_>) {
+    if context.path().elements().last() == Some(&PathEl::ClosePath) {
+        let p = *context.last_point();
+        *(context.sub_path_start_mut()) = p;
+        context.path_mut().move_to(p);
+    }
+}
+
 pub(crate) fn fill_path_impl<'a>(
     context: &mut Context<'a>,
     device: &mut impl Device<'a>,
@@ -128,10 +267,22 @@ pub(crate) fn fill_path_impl<'a>(
         // pdf.js issue 4260: Replace zero-sized paths with a small stroke instead.
         let bbox = path.fast_bounding_box();
 
-        match (
-            (bbox.width() as f32).is_nearly_zero(),
-            (bbox.height() as f32).is_nearly_zero(),
-        ) {
+        // PdfCraft patch (65): see `degenerate_fill_area`. Painted with the non-zero rule: the
+        // area is one simple shape, whatever rule the path was filled with.
+        if let Some(area) = degenerate_fill_area(path, base_transform) {
+            let draw_mode = PathDrawMode::Fill(FillRule::NonZero);
+            if let Some(rect) = path_as_rect(&area) {
+                device.draw_rect(&rect, Affine::IDENTITY, &paint, &draw_mode);
+            } else {
+                device.draw_path(&area, Affine::IDENTITY, &paint, &draw_mode);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // PdfCraft patch (65): only a box with exactly no width or height (by now a point) is
+        // stroked. A box with area, however thin, is filled as the shape it is: a "nearly zero"
+        // side scaled up by the CTM can cover many device pixels.
+        match (bbox.width() == 0.0, bbox.height() == 0.0) {
             (false, false) => {
                 let draw_mode = PathDrawMode::Fill(fill_rule);
                 if let Some(rect) = path_as_rect(path) {
@@ -185,7 +336,16 @@ pub(crate) fn stroke_path_impl<'a>(
     device.set_blend_mode(context.get().graphics_state.blend_mode);
     let paint = get_paint(context, true);
 
-    let path = path.unwrap_or(context.path());
+    // PdfCraft patch (61): see `resolve_degenerate_subpaths`.
+    let path = resolve_degenerate_subpaths(
+        path.unwrap_or(context.path()),
+        stroke_props.line_cap,
+        stroke_props.line_width,
+    );
+    let path = path.as_ref();
+    if path.elements().is_empty() {
+        return;
+    }
     let draw_mode = PathDrawMode::Stroke(stroke_props);
 
     if let Some(rect) = path_as_rect(path) {
@@ -195,6 +355,76 @@ pub(crate) fn stroke_path_impl<'a>(
     }
 }
 
+/// PdfCraft patch (61): `path` as `S` strokes it, by ISO 32000-2 §8.5.3.2: "If a subpath is
+/// degenerate (consists of a single-point closed path or of two or more points at the same
+/// coordinates), the S operator shall paint it only if round line caps have been specified,
+/// producing a filled circle centred at the single point." With butt or projecting square caps
+/// it "shall produce no output". So with round caps a degenerate subpath becomes a segment
+/// centred on its point, a thousandth of the line width long (kurbo draws no cap on a segment of
+/// length zero), and is left out for the other caps. The other subpaths, and zero-length dashes
+/// of them, are not touched. Borrowed when nothing changes.
+pub(crate) fn resolve_degenerate_subpaths(
+    path: &BezPath,
+    cap: Cap,
+    line_width: f32,
+) -> Cow<'_, BezPath> {
+    let elements = path.elements();
+    if !subpaths(elements).any(|sub| degenerate_point(sub).is_some()) {
+        return Cow::Borrowed(path);
+    }
+    let mut out = BezPath::new();
+    for sub in subpaths(elements) {
+        match degenerate_point(sub) {
+            Some(p) if cap == Cap::Round => {
+                // A hairline (width 0) is widened by the device, so it keeps a length kurbo still
+                // caps; an enormous width keeps the segment within half a unit.
+                let half = (f64::from(line_width) * 5e-4).max(5e-5).min(0.5);
+                out.move_to((p.x - half, p.y));
+                out.line_to((p.x + half, p.y));
+            }
+            Some(_) => {}
+            None => sub.iter().for_each(|el| out.push(*el)),
+        }
+    }
+    Cow::Owned(out)
+}
+
+/// The subpaths of `elements`: each starts at a `MoveTo`, except perhaps the first.
+fn subpaths(elements: &[PathEl]) -> impl Iterator<Item = &[PathEl]> {
+    let mut rest = elements;
+    std::iter::from_fn(move || {
+        if rest.is_empty() {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let end = rest
+            .iter()
+            .skip(1)
+            .position(|el| matches!(el, PathEl::MoveTo(_)))
+            .map_or(rest.len(), |i| i.saturating_add(1));
+        let (sub, tail) = rest.split_at_checked(end).unwrap_or((rest, &[]));
+        rest = tail;
+        Some(sub)
+    })
+}
+
+/// The point a degenerate subpath stays at: one that starts with a `MoveTo` and has at least one
+/// segment or a `ClosePath`, every point of which (control points too) is the start point. A lone
+/// `MoveTo` (a trailing `m`) is not one: it paints nothing whatever the caps.
+fn degenerate_point(sub: &[PathEl]) -> Option<Point> {
+    let (PathEl::MoveTo(start), rest) = sub.split_first()? else {
+        return None;
+    };
+    let at = |p: &Point| p == start;
+    let degenerate = !rest.is_empty()
+        && rest.iter().all(|el| match el {
+            PathEl::MoveTo(p) | PathEl::LineTo(p) => at(p),
+            PathEl::QuadTo(a, b) => at(a) && at(b),
+            PathEl::CurveTo(a, b, c) => at(a) && at(b) && at(c),
+            PathEl::ClosePath => true,
+        });
+    degenerate.then_some(*start)
+}
+
 pub(crate) fn get_paint<'a>(context: &Context<'a>, is_stroke: bool) -> Paint<'a> {
     let data = if is_stroke {
         context.get().stroke_data()
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/state.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/state.rs
index 95b773fb5c..45fa207fa2 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/state.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/interpret/state.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use crate::StrokeProps;
 use crate::color::{AlphaColor, ColorComponents, ColorSpace};
 use crate::context::Context;
-use crate::convert::{convert_line_cap, convert_line_join};
+use crate::convert::{convert_dash_array, convert_line_cap, convert_line_join, convert_line_width};
 use crate::font::{Font, UNITS_PER_EM};
 use crate::function::Function;
 use crate::interpret::text::TextRenderingMode;
@@ -319,7 +319,11 @@ pub(crate) fn handle_gs_single<'a>(
 ) -> Option<()> {
     // TODO Can we use constants here somehow?
     match key.as_str() {
-        "LW" => context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_props.line_width = dict.get::<f32>(key)?,
+        // PdfCraft patch (61): see `convert_line_width`.
+        "LW" => {
+            context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_props.line_width =
+                convert_line_width(dict.get::<f32>(key)?);
+        }
         "LC" => {
             context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_props.line_cap =
                 convert_line_cap(LineCap(dict.get::<Number>(key)?));
@@ -402,11 +406,9 @@ pub(crate) fn handle_gs_single<'a>(
             let dash_phase = iter.next()?.into_number()?.as_f32();
 
             context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_props.dash_offset = dash_phase;
-            context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_props.dash_array = dash_array
-                .iter::<f32>()
-                // kurbo apparently cannot properly deal with offsets that are exactly 0.
-                .map(|n| if n == 0.0 { 0.01 } else { n })
-                .collect();
+            // PdfCraft patch (61): see `convert_dash_array`.
+            context.get_mut().graphics_state.stroke_props.dash_array =
+                convert_dash_array(dash_array.iter::<f32>());
         }
         "Type" => {}
         _ => {}
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/ocg.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/ocg.rs
index c65a195209..7f5b9baba9 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/ocg.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/ocg.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
-use hayro_syntax::object::dict::keys::{BASE_STATE, D, OCGS, OCMD, OCPROPERTIES, OFF, ON, P, TYPE, VE};
+use hayro_syntax::object::dict::keys::{
+    AS, BASE_STATE, D, OCGS, OCMD, OCPROPERTIES, OFF, ON, P, TYPE, USAGE, VE, VIEW, VIEW_STATE,
+};
 use hayro_syntax::object::{Array, Dict, MaybeRef, Name, Object, ObjectIdentifier};
-use std::collections::HashSet;
+use hayro_syntax::xref::XRef;
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 
 pub(crate) struct OcgState {
     inactive_ocgs: HashSet<ObjectIdentifier>,
@@ -30,7 +33,10 @@ impl OcgState {
         }
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn from_catalog(catalog: &Dict<'_>) -> Self {
+    /// The groups' states as the document opens: the default configuration (`/BaseState`, then
+    /// `/ON` and `/OFF`), then, when `view_auto_state` is set (PdfCraft patch (103)), the auto
+    /// state its `/AS` array gives for the View event ([`apply_view_auto_state`]).
+    pub(crate) fn from_catalog(catalog: &Dict<'_>, xref: &XRef, view_auto_state: bool) -> Self {
         let Some(oc_properties) = catalog.get::<Dict<'_>>(OCPROPERTIES) else {
             return Self::dummy();
         };
@@ -83,6 +89,10 @@ impl OcgState {
         read_ocg_array(ON, true);
         read_ocg_array(OFF, false);
 
+        if view_auto_state {
+            apply_view_auto_state(&config, xref, &mut inactive);
+        }
+
         Self {
             inactive_ocgs: inactive,
             known_ocgs: known,
@@ -213,6 +223,87 @@ impl Default for OcgState {
     }
 }
 
+/// PdfCraft patch (103): at most this many usage application dictionaries of an `/AS` array are
+/// read; the rest are ignored.
+const MAX_AUTO_STATE_APPLICATIONS: usize = 256;
+/// PdfCraft patch (103): at most this many `/OCGs` entries are read across all of them.
+const MAX_AUTO_STATE_GROUPS: usize = 4096;
+/// PdfCraft patch (103): at most this many `/Category` names are read per application.
+const MAX_AUTO_STATE_CATEGORIES: usize = 16;
+
+/// PdfCraft patch (103): apply the configuration's auto state for the View event (ISO 32000-2
+/// §8.11.4.4, Tables 99 and 101). For each usage application dictionary in `/AS` whose `/Event`
+/// is `/View`, each group in its `/OCGs` gets a recommended state from each category in its
+/// `/Category` that the group's `/Usage` gives one for. A group is ON only if every
+/// recommendation it receives, across all such dictionaries, is ON, and OFF otherwise; a group
+/// that receives none keeps its configured state.
+///
+/// Only the `/View` category (`/ViewState`) is evaluated. `/Zoom`, `/User` and `/Language` need
+/// the magnification, user and locale, which the interpreter doesn't know, so they give no
+/// recommendation. Malformed entries (not a dictionary, no `/Category`, a `/ViewState` other
+/// than ON or OFF) are skipped, and the walk is bounded by the caps above.
+fn apply_view_auto_state(config: &Dict<'_>, xref: &XRef, inactive: &mut HashSet<ObjectIdentifier>) {
+    let Some(applications) = config.get::<Array<'_>>(AS) else {
+        return;
+    };
+    let mut recommended: HashMap<ObjectIdentifier, bool> = HashMap::new();
+    let mut groups_left = MAX_AUTO_STATE_GROUPS;
+    for application in applications.raw_iter().take(MAX_AUTO_STATE_APPLICATIONS) {
+        let application = match application {
+            MaybeRef::Ref(r) => xref.get::<Dict<'_>>(r.into()),
+            MaybeRef::NotRef(Object::Dict(d)) => Some(d),
+            MaybeRef::NotRef(_) => None,
+        };
+        let Some(application) = application else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        if application.get::<Name<'_>>(b"Event").as_deref() != Some(VIEW) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let views = application.get::<Array<'_>>(b"Category").is_some_and(|categories| {
+            categories
+                .raw_iter()
+                .take(MAX_AUTO_STATE_CATEGORIES)
+                .any(|c| matches!(c, MaybeRef::NotRef(Object::Name(n)) if n.as_ref() == VIEW))
+        });
+        if !views {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let Some(groups) = application.get::<Array<'_>>(OCGS) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        for group in groups.raw_iter() {
+            if groups_left == 0 {
+                break;
+            }
+            groups_left -= 1;
+            let Some(r) = group.as_obj_ref() else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            let id: ObjectIdentifier = r.into();
+            let state = xref
+                .get::<Dict<'_>>(id)
+                .and_then(|g| g.get::<Dict<'_>>(USAGE))
+                .and_then(|u| u.get::<Dict<'_>>(VIEW))
+                .and_then(|v| v.get::<Name<'_>>(VIEW_STATE));
+            let on = match state.as_deref() {
+                Some(ON) => true,
+                Some(OFF) => false,
+                _ => continue,
+            };
+            let entry = recommended.entry(id).or_insert(true);
+            *entry &= on;
+        }
+    }
+    for (id, on) in recommended {
+        if on {
+            inactive.remove(&id);
+        } else {
+            inactive.insert(id);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// PdfCraft patch (40): how deep visibility expressions may nest; deeper ones are malformed.
 const MAX_VISIBILITY_EXPRESSION_DEPTH: usize = 32;
 
diff --git a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/x_object.rs b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/x_object.rs
index 849213a7f8..27393efd3e 100644
--- a/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/x_object.rs
+++ b/vendor/hayro-interpret/src/x_object.rs
@@ -526,6 +526,7 @@ impl<'a> ImageXObject<'a> {
         is_mask |= is_stencil_mask;
 
         let mut default_space = None;
+        let mut malformed_indexed = false;
         let image_cs = if is_mask {
             // Masks are always single-channel.
             Some(ColorSpace::device_gray())
@@ -543,9 +544,14 @@ impl<'a> ImageXObject<'a> {
                 default_space = Some(key);
                 Some(space)
             } else {
+                // PdfCraft patch (80): an Indexed space given in place whose `hival` has no
+                // reading cannot be built and falls back below, as upstream; it is reported.
+                malformed_indexed = cs_obj
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .is_some_and(crate::color::has_unusable_hival);
                 cs_obj
                     .clone()
-                    .and_then(|c| ColorSpace::new(c, cache))
+                    .and_then(|c| ColorSpace::new_allowing_tableless(c, cache))
                     // Inline images can also refer to color spaces by name.
                     .or_else(|| {
                         cs_obj
@@ -554,6 +560,24 @@ impl<'a> ImageXObject<'a> {
                     })
             }
         };
+        // PdfCraft patch (80): an Indexed space that ISO 32000-2 §8.6.6.3 rules out (a short
+        // lookup table, a `hival` past 255 or with a fraction) is drawn recovered (see
+        // `Indexed::new`), and reported. The check asks the space that was built, so it reads
+        // no lookup table of its own (an inline image naming a resource builds it once, through
+        // the resource cache).
+        malformed_indexed |= image_cs
+            .as_ref()
+            .is_some_and(ColorSpace::is_recovered_indexed);
+        // PdfCraft patch (80): an Indexed space with no lookup table at all (missing, or not a
+        // string or a stream that decodes) leaves nothing to draw: the image is skipped, and
+        // reported. Upstream drew it in DeviceGray.
+        if image_cs
+            .as_ref()
+            .is_some_and(ColorSpace::is_tableless_indexed)
+        {
+            warning_sink(InterpreterWarning::MalformedIndexedImage);
+            return None;
+        }
 
         let interpolate = dict
             .get::<bool>(I)
@@ -567,6 +591,10 @@ impl<'a> ImageXObject<'a> {
             return None;
         }
 
+        if malformed_indexed {
+            warning_sink(InterpreterWarning::MalformedIndexedImage);
+        }
+
         Some(Self {
             width,
             cache: cache.clone(),
diff --git a/xtask/src/gates.rs b/xtask/src/gates.rs
index c6f1e06d83..b60f054c68 100644
--- a/xtask/src/gates.rs
+++ b/xtask/src/gates.rs
@@ -332,6 +332,8 @@ impl PrivateDir {
         let nanos = std::time::SystemTime::now().duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH).map_or(0, |d| d.subsec_nanos());
         for attempt in 0..100u32 {
             let path = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("{prefix}-{}-{nanos}-{attempt}", std::process::id()));
+            // Only Unix sets a mode on the builder.
+            #[cfg_attr(not(unix), allow(unused_mut))]
             let mut builder = std::fs::DirBuilder::new();
             #[cfg(unix)]
             std::os::unix::fs::DirBuilderExt::mode(&mut builder, 0o700);