diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/dock_ui.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/dock_ui.rs
index a92d376e9..7e7a3f787 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/dock_ui.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/dock_ui.rs
@@ -39,11 +39,24 @@ impl EffectcraftApp {
                 out.push((panels::viewers::panel(id), t));
             }
         }
-        let Some(comp) = self.session.active_comp() else { return out };
-        if let Some(l) = self.session.state.selected_layers.first().and_then(|id| comp.layer(*id)) {
+        if let Some(comp) = self.session.active_comp()
+            && let Some(l) = self.session.state.selected_layers.first().and_then(|id| comp.layer(*id))
+        {
             out.push((PanelKind::EffectControls, format!("Effect Controls {}", l.name)));
             out.push((PanelKind::Properties, format!("Properties: {}", l.name)));
         }
+        // The panels named for themselves, in the interface language. The Window menu has carried a
+        // (`window.panel`, title) row for these in every catalog that exists, so the dock reads the
+        // same pair instead of drawing `title()`'s English; a panel the menu does not list (`History`,
+        // `ScriptUI Panel`) keeps its English name, and a tab that names a comp or a layer is listed
+        // above and wins, being found first.
+        for p in PanelKind::ALL {
+            // The Window menu lists most of these; `Markers` is only in the panel catalog, and the
+            // two panels in neither (`History`, `ScriptUI Panel`) keep their English names.
+            let listed = crate::i18n::label(self, "window.panel", p.title());
+            let label = if listed == p.title() { crate::i18n::tr(p.title()) } else { listed };
+            out.push((p, label.to_string()));
+        }
         out
     }
 
@@ -570,7 +583,7 @@ impl EffectcraftApp {
             }
         }
         // Ghost of the dragged tab.
-        let g = painter.layout_no_wrap(p.title().to_string(), crate::theme::Tokens::ui(12.0), Color32::WHITE);
+        let g = painter.layout_no_wrap(crate::i18n::label(self, "window.panel", p.title()).to_string(), crate::theme::Tokens::ui(12.0), Color32::WHITE);
         let gr = Rect::from_min_size(pos + vec2(12.0, 10.0), g.size() + vec2(16.0, 8.0));
         painter.rect_filled(gr, 4.0, t.focus.gamma_multiply(0.85));
         painter.galley(gr.min + vec2(8.0, 4.0), g, Color32::WHITE);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n.rs
index 81343f9f8..a8aa1bb47 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n.rs
@@ -6961,6 +6961,35 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    /// The dock's tab titles are `PanelKind::title()`; the panels the Window menu lists are drawn in
+    /// the interface language through their `(window.panel, title)` rows. `History` and `ScriptUI
+    /// Panel` are in no menu and keep their English names, which is what this pins.
+    #[test]
+    fn the_dock_draws_every_panel_it_can_in_the_interface_language() {
+        use crate::dock::PanelKind;
+        const WITHOUT_A_ROW: &[&str] = &["History", "ScriptUI Panel"];
+        for (name, catalog, code) in [("ja", JAPANESE, "ja"), ("zh-hans", SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE, "zh-hans"), ("zh-hant", TRADITIONAL_CHINESE, "zh-hant")] {
+            // The dock asks both catalogs, so a title may be named by either.
+            ui::set_current(code);
+            for p in PanelKind::ALL {
+                let title = p.title();
+                let in_menu = catalog.iter().any(|(c, en, _)| *c == "window.panel" && *en == title);
+                let in_panel = ui::tr(title) != title;
+                assert_eq!(
+                    in_menu || in_panel,
+                    !WITHOUT_A_ROW.contains(&title),
+                    "{name}: {title} is {}named by a catalog and {}in the exception list",
+                    if in_menu || in_panel { "" } else { "not " },
+                    if WITHOUT_A_ROW.contains(&title) { "" } else { "not " }
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        ui::set_current("en");
+        // The dock asks the catalog rather than drawing the English name.
+        let dock_ui = include_str!("dock_ui.rs");
+        assert!(dock_ui.contains(r#"crate::i18n::label(self, "window.panel", p.title())"#), "dock_ui.rs no longer asks the catalog for the panel titles");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn zh_hans_translates_labels_computed_titles_and_keeps_names_verbatim() {
         let mut app = EffectcraftApp::new(effectcraft_engine::Session::default());
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/ui.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/ui.rs
index 9831092da..206111892 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/ui.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/ui.rs
@@ -1370,6 +1370,21 @@ const SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
     ("Total Offset", "总偏移"),
     ("Per Layer", "每个图层"),
     ("Track", "跟踪"),
+    ("Apply", "应用"),
+    ("Analyze", "分析"),
+    ("Create Camera", "创建摄像机"),
+    ("Add Point", "添加点"),
+    ("Remove Point", "移除点"),
+    ("Render", "渲染"),
+    ("Save Current as Template…", "将当前项存为模板…"),
+    ("New Composition From Footage", "从素材新建合成"),
+    ("Search effects and presets", "搜索效果和预设"),
+    ("Search project", "搜索项目"),
+    ("Search", "搜索"),
+    ("(no composition)", "没有合成"),
+    ("per second", "每秒"),
+    ("Waveform", "波形"),
+    ("steps", "步"),
 ];
 
 const TRADITIONAL_CHINESE: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
@@ -2099,6 +2114,21 @@ const TRADITIONAL_CHINESE: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
     ("Total Offset", "總偏移"),
     ("Per Layer", "每個圖層"),
     ("Track", "追蹤"),
+    ("Apply", "套用"),
+    ("Analyze", "分析"),
+    ("Create Camera", "建立攝影機"),
+    ("Add Point", "添加點"),
+    ("Remove Point", "移除點"),
+    ("Render", "算圖"),
+    ("Save Current as Template…", "將目前項目存為範本…"),
+    ("New Composition From Footage", "從素材新增合成"),
+    ("Search effects and presets", "搜尋效果與預設"),
+    ("Search project", "搜尋專案"),
+    ("Search", "搜尋"),
+    ("(no composition)", "沒有合成"),
+    ("per second", "每秒"),
+    ("Waveform", "波形"),
+    ("steps", "步驟"),
 ];
 
 /// Ukrainian (uk): original translations of the same interface rows as the Chinese catalogs.
@@ -4478,6 +4508,89 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Labels drawn through a helper's *argument* or through `Painter::text` are invisible to the
+    /// scan above, which only looks at a literal right after the call token: a `widgets::` helper
+    /// takes its label as its second or third argument, and `Painter::text` takes the string third.
+    /// Both shapes are checked here, so an English literal there is caught like any other.
+    #[test]
+    fn helper_and_painter_labels_are_translated() {
+        /// The `widgets.rs` helpers that draw a label, and which argument holds it.
+        const HELPER_LABELS: &[(&str, usize)] =
+            &[("text_button", 2), ("search_field", 3), ("text_field", 3), ("dropdown", 2), ("dropdown_tip", 2), ("text_fit", 3), ("check_label", 1)];
+        /// Literals that draw as they are: a brand, a value, a separator, a unit, and the kerning
+        /// sample pair the Character panel shows.
+        const VERBATIM: &[&str] = &["EffectCraft", "32", "dB", "···", "×", "V/A"];
+
+        /// The top-level arguments of a call, given the text after its `(`.
+        fn args_of(s: &str) -> Vec<&str> {
+            let (mut out, mut depth, mut start, mut instr) = (Vec::new(), 0i32, None, false);
+            for (i, c) in s.char_indices() {
+                match c {
+                    '"' if !instr => {
+                        instr = true;
+                        if start.is_none() {
+                            start = Some(i);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    '"' => instr = false,
+                    '(' | '[' | '{' if !instr => depth += 1,
+                    ')' | ']' | '}' if !instr => {
+                        if depth == 0 {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        depth -= 1;
+                    }
+                    ',' if !instr && depth == 0 => {
+                        if let Some(st) = start {
+                            out.push(s[st..i].trim());
+                        }
+                        start = None;
+                    }
+                    c if !instr && !c.is_whitespace() && start.is_none() => start = Some(i),
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+            if let Some(st) = start {
+                out.push(s[st..].trim());
+            }
+            out
+        }
+
+        for (path, source) in CONVERTED {
+            // The test modules of these files draw nothing; they hold sample strings.
+            let source = source.split("#[cfg(test)]").next().unwrap_or(source);
+            for (n, line) in source.lines().enumerate() {
+                let code = line.split("//").next().unwrap_or(line);
+                let check = |args: Vec<&str>, index: usize, what: &str| {
+                    let Some(arg) = args.get(index) else { return };
+                    // A single character is a symbol or a glyph, not interface text - the same
+                    // exemption the call-shape scan above makes.
+                    let inner = arg.strip_prefix('"').and_then(|a| a.strip_suffix('"')).filter(|i| !i.contains('"'));
+                    match inner {
+                        Some(text) if text.chars().count() >= 2 && !VERBATIM.contains(&text) => {
+                            panic!("{path}:{}: the interface text {arg} that {what} draws is not in the catalog", n + 1);
+                        }
+                        _ => {}
+                    }
+                };
+                for (call, index) in HELPER_LABELS {
+                    let marker = format!("widgets::{call}(");
+                    let mut from = 0;
+                    while let Some(at) = code[from..].find(&marker) {
+                        let at = from + at + marker.len();
+                        check(args_of(&code[at..]), *index, &format!("widgets::{call}"));
+                        from = at;
+                    }
+                }
+                let mut from = 0;
+                while let Some(at) = code[from..].find(".text(") {
+                    from = at + 6;
+                    check(args_of(&code[from..]), 2, "Painter::text");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     /// The Settings pages come from the engine as data, so the literal scan above cannot see them:
     /// every title, section, label, choice, button, note and unit they draw needs a Chinese row
     /// (#1178). Language names are written in their own language, and a few labels read the same
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/anim_tools.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/anim_tools.rs
index 15a4f4f89..3f7c0ca46 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/anim_tools.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/anim_tools.rs
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ pub fn wiggler(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
     app.ui.anim_tools = st.clone();
     let b = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(rect.max.x - 92.0, y), vec2(80.0, 24.0));
     let enabled = app.session.state.selected_keys.len() >= 2;
-    if widgets::text_button(ui, b, "Apply", enabled, &t, egui::Id::new("wg-apply")).clicked() {
+    if widgets::text_button(ui, b, crate::i18n::tr("Apply"), enabled, &t, egui::Id::new("wg-apply")).clicked() {
         let params = json!({
             "apply": if st.wiggle_spatial { "spatial" } else { "temporal" },
             "noise": if st.wiggle_smooth { "smooth" } else { "jagged" },
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ pub fn smoother(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
     y += ROW + 8.0;
     let b = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(rect.max.x - 92.0, y), vec2(80.0, 24.0));
     let enabled = app.session.state.selected_keys.len() >= 3;
-    if widgets::text_button(ui, b, "Apply", enabled, &t, egui::Id::new("sm-apply")).clicked() {
+    if widgets::text_button(ui, b, crate::i18n::tr("Apply"), enabled, &t, egui::Id::new("sm-apply")).clicked() {
         apply(app, "keys.smooth", json!({"tolerance": tol}));
     }
     app.auto.add("smoother.apply", b, "Apply");
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ pub fn mask_interpolation(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rec
             changes.insert("keyframeRate".into(), json!(nr));
         }
     } else {
-        p.text(pos2(xv + 78.0, y + 9.0), Align2::LEFT_CENTER, "per second", Tokens::ui(12.0), t.text_dim);
+        p.text(pos2(xv + 78.0, y + 9.0), Align2::LEFT_CENTER, crate::i18n::tr("per second"), Tokens::ui(12.0), t.text_dim);
     }
     y += ROW;
     let mut check = |app: &mut EffectcraftApp, y: f32, key: &str, text: &str, on: bool| {
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ pub fn mask_interpolation(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rec
     }
     let b = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(rect.max.x - 92.0, y), vec2(80.0, 24.0));
     let enabled = app.session.state.selected_keys.len() >= 2;
-    if widgets::text_button(ui, b, "Apply", enabled, &t, egui::Id::new("mi-apply")).clicked() {
+    if widgets::text_button(ui, b, crate::i18n::tr("Apply"), enabled, &t, egui::Id::new("mi-apply")).clicked() {
         match app.session.execute("mask.interpolate", json!({})) {
             Ok(r) => app.ui.status = format!("Mask Interpolation: {} keyframes added ({} vertices)", r["keys"], r["vertices"]),
             Err(e) => app.ui.status = e.to_string(),
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/camera_tracker_ui.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/camera_tracker_ui.rs
index 2bccfae07..1fe187672 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/camera_tracker_ui.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/camera_tracker_ui.rs
@@ -413,12 +413,12 @@ pub fn editor(
     let b1 = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(r.min.x + 24.0, r.min.y + 4.0), vec2(84.0, 22.0));
     let b2 = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(b1.max.x + 8.0, b1.min.y), vec2(84.0, 22.0));
     let b3 = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(b2.max.x + 8.0, b1.min.y), vec2(110.0, 22.0));
-    if widgets::text_button(ui, b1, "Analyze", false, &t, egui::Id::new(("ct-analyze", g.uid))).clicked() && !busy {
+    if widgets::text_button(ui, b1, crate::i18n::tr("Analyze"), false, &t, egui::Id::new(("ct-analyze", g.uid))).clicked() && !busy {
         actions.push(("camera.analyze".into(), me.clone()));
     }
     app.auto.add(&format!("effectControls.cameraTracker.{}.analyze", g.uid), b1, "Analyze");
     if running {
-        if widgets::text_button(ui, b2, "Cancel", false, &t, egui::Id::new(("ct-cancel", g.uid))).clicked() {
+        if widgets::text_button(ui, b2, crate::i18n::tr("Cancel"), false, &t, egui::Id::new(("ct-cancel", g.uid))).clicked() {
             actions.push(("camera.cancel".into(), json!({})));
         }
         app.auto.add(&format!("effectControls.cameraTracker.{}.cancel", g.uid), b2, "Cancel");
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ pub fn editor(
     let params = effectcraft_engine::camera_track::static_params(g);
     let solve = ct::solve(&params);
     if solve.is_some() {
-        if widgets::text_button(ui, b3, "Create Camera", false, &t, egui::Id::new(("ct-camera", g.uid))).clicked() {
+        if widgets::text_button(ui, b3, crate::i18n::tr("Create Camera"), false, &t, egui::Id::new(("ct-camera", g.uid))).clicked() {
             actions.push(("camera.create".into(), me.clone()));
         }
         app.auto.add(&format!("effectControls.cameraTracker.{}.createCamera", g.uid), b3, "Create Camera");
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/effect_controls.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/effect_controls.rs
index bad1db39f..24c096977 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/effect_controls.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/effect_controls.rs
@@ -756,12 +756,12 @@ fn warp_editor(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, p: &egui::Painter, l
     let busy = app.session.is_warp_analyzing();
     let b1 = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(r.min.x + 24.0, r.min.y + 4.0), vec2(84.0, 22.0));
     let b2 = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(b1.max.x + 8.0, b1.min.y), vec2(84.0, 22.0));
-    if widgets::text_button(ui, b1, "Analyze", false, &t, egui::Id::new(("warp-analyze", g.uid))).clicked() && !busy {
+    if widgets::text_button(ui, b1, crate::i18n::tr("Analyze"), false, &t, egui::Id::new(("warp-analyze", g.uid))).clicked() && !busy {
         actions.push(("warp.analyze".into(), json!({"layer": layer.id.0, "effect": g.uid})));
     }
     app.auto.add(&format!("effectControls.warp.{}.analyze", g.uid), b1, "Analyze");
     if running {
-        if widgets::text_button(ui, b2, "Cancel", false, &t, egui::Id::new(("warp-cancel", g.uid))).clicked() {
+        if widgets::text_button(ui, b2, crate::i18n::tr("Cancel"), false, &t, egui::Id::new(("warp-cancel", g.uid))).clicked() {
             actions.push(("warp.cancel".into(), json!({})));
         }
         app.auto.add(&format!("effectControls.warp.{}.cancel", g.uid), b2, "Cancel");
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/effects_presets.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/effects_presets.rs
index 8eecfd091..a1612a0a6 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/effects_presets.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/effects_presets.rs
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
     }
     let sr = Rect::from_min_size(rect.min + vec2(8.0, 8.0), vec2(rect.width() - 44.0, 24.0));
     let mut q = app.ui.effects_search.clone();
-    widgets::search_field(ui, sr, &mut q, "Search effects and presets", &t);
+    widgets::search_field(ui, sr, &mut q, crate::i18n::tr("Search effects and presets"), &t);
     app.ui.effects_search = q.clone();
     app.auto.add("effects.search", sr, "Search");
     // Contents menu.
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/flowchart.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/flowchart.rs
index f59d35982..f36fa86f5 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/flowchart.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/flowchart.rs
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
     let p = ui.painter().with_clip_rect(rect);
     p.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, t.tl_bg);
     let Some(rid) = root(app) else {
-        p.text(rect.center(), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, "(no composition)", Tokens::ui(12.0), t.text_faint);
+        p.text(rect.center(), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, crate::i18n::tr("(no composition)"), Tokens::ui(12.0), t.text_faint);
         return;
     };
     // ---- toolbar: switches and direction.
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/fx_editors.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/fx_editors.rs
index 1ae74caa2..21d56deba 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/fx_editors.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/fx_editors.rs
@@ -786,19 +786,19 @@ fn reshape_buttons(
     let b1 = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(r.min.x + 24.0, r.min.y + 4.0), vec2(84.0, 22.0));
     let b2 = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(b1.max.x + 8.0, b1.min.y), vec2(96.0, 22.0));
     let b3 = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(b2.max.x + 8.0, b1.min.y), vec2(56.0, 22.0));
-    if widgets::text_button(ui, b1, "Add Point", false, &t, egui::Id::new(("reshape-add", euid))).clicked() {
+    if widgets::text_button(ui, b1, crate::i18n::tr("Add Point"), false, &t, egui::Id::new(("reshape-add", euid))).clicked() {
         let mut v = pairs.clone();
         v.push(add_pair(&pairs));
         set_str(actions, layer, g, "correspondencePoints", format_pairs(&v), None);
     }
     app.auto.add(&format!("effectControls.effect.{euid}.reshape.add"), b1, "Add Point");
-    if widgets::text_button(ui, b2, "Remove Point", false, &t, egui::Id::new(("reshape-remove", euid))).clicked() && !pairs.is_empty() {
+    if widgets::text_button(ui, b2, crate::i18n::tr("Remove Point"), false, &t, egui::Id::new(("reshape-remove", euid))).clicked() && !pairs.is_empty() {
         let mut v = pairs.clone();
         v.pop();
         set_str(actions, layer, g, "correspondencePoints", format_pairs(&v), None);
     }
     app.auto.add(&format!("effectControls.effect.{euid}.reshape.remove"), b2, "Remove Point");
-    if widgets::text_button(ui, b3, "Clear", false, &t, egui::Id::new(("reshape-clear", euid))).clicked() && !pairs.is_empty() {
+    if widgets::text_button(ui, b3, crate::i18n::tr("Clear"), false, &t, egui::Id::new(("reshape-clear", euid))).clicked() && !pairs.is_empty() {
         set_str(actions, layer, g, "correspondencePoints", String::new(), None);
     }
     app.auto.add(&format!("effectControls.effect.{euid}.reshape.clear"), b3, "Clear");
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/learn.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/learn.rs
index b613791fd..1e52b5c25 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/learn.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/learn.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ pub fn home_tab(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, area: Rect) {
         p.circle_filled(badge.center(), 22.0, t.accent.gamma_multiply(0.25));
         p.circle_stroke(badge.center(), 22.0, Stroke::new(1.5, t.accent));
         p.text(badge.center() - vec2(0.0, 5.0), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, tut.steps.len().to_string(), Tokens::semibold(15.0), Color32::WHITE);
-        p.text(badge.center() + vec2(0.0, 10.0), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, "steps", Tokens::ui(9.0), t.text_dim);
+        p.text(badge.center() + vec2(0.0, 10.0), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, crate::i18n::tr("steps"), Tokens::ui(9.0), t.text_dim);
         let tx = badge.max.x + 16.0;
         p.text(pos2(tx, r.min.y + 22.0), Align2::LEFT_CENTER, &tut.title, Tokens::semibold(14.0), Color32::WHITE);
         p.text(pos2(tx, r.min.y + 40.0), Align2::LEFT_CENTER, format!("{} min", tut.minutes), Tokens::ui(11.0), t.text_faint);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/misc.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/misc.rs
index cd0ab6897..c1b7d9ee5 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/misc.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/misc.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ use crate::{EffectcraftApp, widgets};
 
 pub fn placeholder(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect, p: PanelKind) {
     let t = app.tokens;
-    ui.painter().text(rect.center(), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, tr_args("{} — coming soon", &[&(p.title())]), Tokens::ui(12.0), t.text_faint);
+    let name = crate::i18n::label(app, "window.panel", p.title());
+    ui.painter().text(rect.center(), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, tr_args("{} — coming soon", &[&name]), Tokens::ui(12.0), t.text_faint);
 }
 
 /// Preview panel: transport controls, the shortcut whose options are shown, and that
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs
index 1b6ef8c33..21f009912 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ pub fn panel_menu_popup(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
                     }
                 }
                 _ => {
-                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(panel.title()).weak());
+                    ui.label(egui::RichText::new(crate::i18n::label(app, "window.panel", panel.title())).weak());
                 }
             }
         });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/project.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/project.rs
index c4e9894c4..69c403a41 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/project.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/project.rs
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
     // Search.
     let sr = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(rect.min.x + 8.0, head.max.y + 2.0), vec2(rect.width() - 16.0, 22.0));
     let mut q = app.ui.project_search.clone();
-    widgets::search_field(ui, sr, &mut q, "Search project", &t);
+    widgets::search_field(ui, sr, &mut q, crate::i18n::tr("Search project"), &t);
     app.ui.project_search = q;
     app.auto.add("project.search", sr, "Search");
     // Column header: Name, Label, then the visible optional columns.
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/render_queue.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/render_queue.rs
index e07efe69e..6f9a539d0 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/render_queue.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/render_queue.rs
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
     let render_b = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(top.max.x - 12.0 - bw, top.min.y + 34.0), vec2(bw, 26.0));
     let stop_b = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(render_b.min.x - 8.0 - bw, render_b.min.y), vec2(bw, 26.0));
     let can_render = !rendering && queue.iter().any(RenderQueueItem::is_queued) && !available.is_empty();
-    if widgets::text_button(ui, render_b, "Render", can_render, &t, egui::Id::new("rq-render")).clicked() && can_render {
+    if widgets::text_button(ui, render_b, crate::i18n::tr("Render"), can_render, &t, egui::Id::new("rq-render")).clicked() && can_render {
         actions.push(("renderQueue.render", json!({"wait": false})));
     }
     app.auto.add("renderQueue.render", render_b, "Render");
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
     p.text(pos2(nb.max.x + 5.0, nb.center().y), Align2::LEFT_CENTER, tr("Notify"), Tokens::ui(11.5), t.text_dim);
     app.auto.add("renderQueue.notify", nb, if notify { "Notify: on" } else { "Notify: off" });
     if rendering {
-        if widgets::text_button(ui, stop_b, "Stop", false, &t, egui::Id::new("rq-stop")).clicked() {
+        if widgets::text_button(ui, stop_b, crate::i18n::tr("Stop"), false, &t, egui::Id::new("rq-stop")).clicked() {
             actions.push(("renderQueue.stop", json!({})));
         }
         app.auto.add("renderQueue.stop", stop_b, "Stop");
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/templates.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/templates.rs
index ec65ee6d7..a0db75d92 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/templates.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/templates.rs
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ pub fn home_tab(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, area: Rect) {
     // Save the open project as a user template.
     let can_save = app.session.project.comps().next().is_some();
     let sr = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(area.max.x - 210.0, y - 4.0), vec2(210.0, 28.0));
-    let save = widgets::text_button(ui, sr, "Save Current as Template…", false, &t, egui::Id::new("home-templates-save")).clicked();
+    let save = widgets::text_button(ui, sr, crate::i18n::tr("Save Current as Template…"), false, &t, egui::Id::new("home-templates-save")).clicked();
     app.auto.add("home.templates.saveCurrent", sr, "Save Current as Template…");
     if save {
         if can_save {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/timeline.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/timeline.rs
index aff4ef2c8..4af02bc38 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/timeline.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/timeline.rs
@@ -1386,7 +1386,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
     let t = app.tokens;
     let ctx = ui.ctx().clone();
     let Some(cid) = app.session.active_comp_id() else {
-        ui.painter().text(rect.center(), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, "(no composition)", Tokens::ui(12.0), t.text_faint);
+        ui.painter().text(rect.center(), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, crate::i18n::tr("(no composition)"), Tokens::ui(12.0), t.text_faint);
         // Dropping footage into an empty Timeline should create its first composition,
         // just like dropping onto the Project panel's New Composition button (#649).
         if let Some(crate::panels::DragPayload::Item(dragged)) = egui::DragAndDrop::payload::<crate::panels::DragPayload>(&ctx).as_deref()
@@ -1517,7 +1517,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
     }
     let sr = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(tc_rect.max.x + 14.0, top + 12.0), vec2((left_w - 420.0).clamp(120.0, 220.0), 22.0));
     let mut search = app.ui.timeline.search.clone();
-    widgets::search_field(ui, sr, &mut search, "Search", &t);
+    widgets::search_field(ui, sr, &mut search, crate::i18n::tr("Search"), &t);
     app.ui.timeline.search = search;
     app.auto.add("timeline.search", sr, "Search");
     let mut bx = rect.min.x + left_w - 10.0;
@@ -2518,7 +2518,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
             RowKind::Waveform { item } => {
                 lp.rect_filled(left, 0.0, if ri % 2 == 0 { t.row } else { t.row_alt });
                 let indent = cw.name + 6.0 + 14.0 * row.depth as f32;
-                lp.text(pos2(indent + 10.0, cy), Align2::LEFT_CENTER, "Waveform", Tokens::ui(12.0), t.text);
+                lp.text(pos2(indent + 10.0, cy), Align2::LEFT_CENTER, crate::i18n::tr("Waveform"), Tokens::ui(12.0), t.text);
                 let wr = Rect::from_min_max(pos2(graph_x0, r.min.y), r.max);
                 gp.rect_filled(wr, 0.0, t.tl_bg);
                 app.auto.add(&format!("timeline.layer.{}.waveform", layer.id.0), wr, "Waveform");
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/viewer.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/viewer.rs
index 51bab7fda..cfbc4091f 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/viewer.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/viewer.rs
@@ -745,7 +745,13 @@ fn locked_pane(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, full: Rect, bg: Colo
     // Close the locked viewer.
     let close = Rect::from_min_size(pos2(r.max.x - 26.0, r.min.y + 4.0), vec2(20.0, 20.0));
     let resp = ui.interact(close, egui::Id::new("viewer-locked-close"), Sense::click());
-    p.text(close.center(), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, "\u{00d7}", Tokens::ui(14.0), if resp.hovered() { Color32::WHITE } else { Color32::from_white_alpha(170) });
+    p.text(
+        close.center(),
+        Align2::CENTER_CENTER,
+        crate::i18n::tr("\u{00d7}"),
+        Tokens::ui(14.0),
+        if resp.hovered() { Color32::WHITE } else { Color32::from_white_alpha(170) },
+    );
     app.auto.add("viewer.locked.close", close, "Close Locked Viewer");
     if resp.clicked() {
         let _ = app.session.execute("view.closeLockedViewer", serde_json::json!({}));
@@ -2534,12 +2540,12 @@ fn empty_state(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
     let c = rect.center();
     p.text(c - vec2(0.0, 40.0), Align2::CENTER_CENTER, crate::i18n::tr("Composition"), Tokens::semibold(16.0), t.text);
     let b1 = Rect::from_center_size(c + vec2(0.0, 0.0), vec2(220.0, 30.0));
-    if widgets::text_button(ui, b1, "New Composition", true, &t, egui::Id::new("empty-newcomp")).clicked() {
+    if widgets::text_button(ui, b1, crate::i18n::tr("New Composition"), true, &t, egui::Id::new("empty-newcomp")).clicked() {
         crate::panels::dialogs::open_new_comp(app);
     }
     app.auto.add("viewer.empty.newComp", b1, "New Composition");
     let b2 = Rect::from_center_size(c + vec2(0.0, 40.0), vec2(220.0, 30.0));
-    if widgets::text_button(ui, b2, "New Composition From Footage", false, &t, egui::Id::new("empty-fromfootage")).clicked() {
+    if widgets::text_button(ui, b2, crate::i18n::tr("New Composition From Footage"), false, &t, egui::Id::new("empty-fromfootage")).clicked() {
         let _ = crate::menus::invoke(app, &ui.ctx().clone(), "file.import", json!({}));
     }
     app.auto.add("viewer.empty.import", b2, "New Composition From Footage");