diff --git a/crates/proof/src/cs/mod.rs b/crates/proof/src/cs/mod.rs
index 1d72dc91..9f8bbd0a 100644
--- a/crates/proof/src/cs/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/proof/src/cs/mod.rs
@@ -38,11 +38,6 @@ pub fn has_dictionary() -> bool {
     DICT.has_dictionary()
 }
 
-/// Is `c` a letter of the Latin script (the only one the Czech dictionary covers)?
-fn is_latin_letter(c: char) -> bool {
-    c.is_alphabetic() && (c < '\u{0250}' || ('\u{1E00}'..='\u{1EFF}').contains(&c))
-}
-
 /// Is `word` spelled correctly in Czech? Numbers, single letters, short words in capitals
 /// (acronyms: `ČR`, `EU`), words with digits and words in other scripts are accepted, and so
 /// is every word when no Czech dictionary is installed.
@@ -64,21 +59,9 @@ pub fn is_correct_with(d: &AffixDict, word: &str) -> bool {
 
 /// [`is_correct_with_options`] against a given dictionary.
 fn check(d: &AffixDict, word: &str, opts: &crate::Options) -> bool {
-    if d.is_empty() {
-        return true; // no Czech dictionary installed: no spelling marks
-    }
-    let w = word.trim_matches(|c: char| !c.is_alphanumeric() && c != '\'' && c != '’');
-    let w = w.trim_matches(['\'', '’']);
-    let n = w.chars().count();
-    if n <= 1 || (opts.ignore_numbers && w.chars().any(|c| c.is_ascii_digit())) || !w.chars().any(char::is_alphabetic) {
+    let Some(w) = crate::spelling::word_to_check(d, word, opts) else {
         return true;
-    }
-    if opts.ignore_uppercase && w.chars().all(|c| !c.is_lowercase()) && n <= 6 {
-        return true;
-    }
-    if !w.chars().any(is_latin_letter) {
-        return true; // other scripts: no dictionary
-    }
+    };
     if w.contains('-') {
         return w.split('-').all(|p| p.chars().count() <= 1 || known(d, p));
     }
diff --git a/crates/proof/src/es/mod.rs b/crates/proof/src/es/mod.rs
index e16e9d6b..5263bd1d 100644
--- a/crates/proof/src/es/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/proof/src/es/mod.rs
@@ -77,11 +77,6 @@ pub fn has_dictionary(lang: ProofLang) -> bool {
     slot(lang).has_dictionary()
 }
 
-/// Is `c` a letter of the Latin script (the only one the Spanish dictionaries cover)?
-fn is_latin_letter(c: char) -> bool {
-    c.is_alphabetic() && (c < '\u{0250}' || ('\u{1E00}'..='\u{1EFF}').contains(&c))
-}
-
 /// Is `word` spelled correctly in `lang`'s Spanish? Numbers, single letters, short words in
 /// capitals (acronyms: `ONU`, `CDMX`), words with digits and words in other scripts are accepted,
 /// and so is every word when no dictionary is installed for the variety. Hyphenated compounds
@@ -105,21 +100,9 @@ pub fn is_correct_with(d: &AffixDict, word: &str, lang: ProofLang) -> bool {
 
 /// [`is_correct_with_options`] against a given dictionary.
 fn check(d: &AffixDict, word: &str, lang: ProofLang, opts: &crate::Options) -> bool {
-    if d.is_empty() {
-        return true; // no Spanish dictionary installed: no spelling marks
-    }
-    let w = word.trim_matches(|c: char| !c.is_alphanumeric() && c != '\'' && c != '’');
-    let w = w.trim_matches(['\'', '’']);
-    let n = w.chars().count();
-    if n <= 1 || (opts.ignore_numbers && w.chars().any(|c| c.is_ascii_digit())) || !w.chars().any(char::is_alphabetic) {
+    let Some(w) = crate::spelling::word_to_check(d, word, opts) else {
         return true;
-    }
-    if opts.ignore_uppercase && w.chars().all(|c| !c.is_lowercase()) && n <= 6 {
-        return true;
-    }
-    if !w.chars().any(is_latin_letter) {
-        return true; // other scripts: no dictionary
-    }
+    };
     if w.contains('-') {
         return known(d, w, lang) || w.split('-').all(|p| p.chars().count() <= 1 || known(d, p, lang));
     }
diff --git a/crates/proof/src/hr/mod.rs b/crates/proof/src/hr/mod.rs
index 036b7235..53edf067 100644
--- a/crates/proof/src/hr/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/proof/src/hr/mod.rs
@@ -40,11 +40,6 @@ pub fn has_dictionary() -> bool {
     DICT.has_dictionary()
 }
 
-/// Is `c` a letter of the Latin script (the only one the Croatian dictionary covers)?
-fn is_latin_letter(c: char) -> bool {
-    c.is_alphabetic() && (c < '\u{0250}' || ('\u{1E00}'..='\u{1EFF}').contains(&c))
-}
-
 /// Is `word` spelled correctly in Croatian? Numbers, single letters, short words in capitals
 /// (acronyms: `HRT`, `RH`), words with digits and words in other scripts are accepted, and so
 /// is every word when no Croatian dictionary is installed.
@@ -66,21 +61,9 @@ pub fn is_correct_with(d: &AffixDict, word: &str) -> bool {
 
 /// [`is_correct_with_options`] against a given dictionary.
 fn check(d: &AffixDict, word: &str, opts: &crate::Options) -> bool {
-    if d.is_empty() {
-        return true; // no Croatian dictionary installed: no spelling marks
-    }
-    let w = word.trim_matches(|c: char| !c.is_alphanumeric() && c != '\'' && c != '’');
-    let w = w.trim_matches(['\'', '’']);
-    let n = w.chars().count();
-    if n <= 1 || (opts.ignore_numbers && w.chars().any(|c| c.is_ascii_digit())) || !w.chars().any(char::is_alphabetic) {
+    let Some(w) = crate::spelling::word_to_check(d, word, opts) else {
         return true;
-    }
-    if opts.ignore_uppercase && w.chars().all(|c| !c.is_lowercase()) && n <= 6 {
-        return true;
-    }
-    if !w.chars().any(is_latin_letter) {
-        return true; // other scripts: no dictionary
-    }
+    };
     if w.contains('-') {
         return w.split('-').all(|p| p.chars().count() <= 1 || known(d, p));
     }
diff --git a/crates/proof/src/id/mod.rs b/crates/proof/src/id/mod.rs
index f1e44df4..04248d63 100644
--- a/crates/proof/src/id/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/proof/src/id/mod.rs
@@ -45,11 +45,6 @@ pub fn has_dictionary() -> bool {
 /// (`se-Indonesia`, `KTP-nya`, `Jakarta-lah`); they aren't dictionary words on their own.
 const CLITICS: &[&str] = &["se", "nya", "ku", "mu", "lah", "kah", "pun"];
 
-/// Is `c` a letter of the Latin script (the only one the Indonesian dictionary covers)?
-fn is_latin_letter(c: char) -> bool {
-    c.is_alphabetic() && (c < '\u{0250}' || ('\u{1E00}'..='\u{1EFF}').contains(&c))
-}
-
 /// Is `word` spelled correctly in Indonesian? Numbers, single letters, short words in capitals
 /// (acronyms: `DPR`, `KTP`), words with digits and words in other scripts are accepted, and so
 /// is every word when no Indonesian dictionary is installed. A hyphenated word is correct when
@@ -73,21 +68,9 @@ pub fn is_correct_with(d: &AffixDict, word: &str) -> bool {
 
 /// [`is_correct_with_options`] against a given dictionary.
 fn check(d: &AffixDict, word: &str, opts: &crate::Options) -> bool {
-    if d.is_empty() {
-        return true; // no Indonesian dictionary installed: no spelling marks
-    }
-    let w = word.trim_matches(|c: char| !c.is_alphanumeric() && c != '\'' && c != '’');
-    let w = w.trim_matches(['\'', '’']);
-    let n = w.chars().count();
-    if n <= 1 || (opts.ignore_numbers && w.chars().any(|c| c.is_ascii_digit())) || !w.chars().any(char::is_alphabetic) {
+    let Some(w) = crate::spelling::word_to_check(d, word, opts) else {
         return true;
-    }
-    if opts.ignore_uppercase && w.chars().all(|c| !c.is_lowercase()) && n <= 6 {
-        return true;
-    }
-    if !w.chars().any(is_latin_letter) {
-        return true; // other scripts: no dictionary
-    }
+    };
     if w.contains('-') {
         return known(d, w)
             || w.split('-').all(|p| {
diff --git a/crates/proof/src/it/mod.rs b/crates/proof/src/it/mod.rs
index 1e606ad7..ee5aaaee 100644
--- a/crates/proof/src/it/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/proof/src/it/mod.rs
@@ -49,11 +49,6 @@ pub fn has_dictionary() -> bool {
     DICT.has_dictionary()
 }
 
-/// Is `c` a letter of the Latin script (the only one the Italian dictionary covers)?
-fn is_latin_letter(c: char) -> bool {
-    c.is_alphabetic() && (c < '\u{0250}' || ('\u{1E00}'..='\u{1EFF}').contains(&c))
-}
-
 /// Proclitics (and verb clippings) that elide before a vowel or `h`: the word after the
 /// apostrophe is what gets checked (`l'amico`, `un'idea`, `c'è`, `m'hai`, `dov'è`, `anch'io`).
 const PROCLITICS: &[&str] = &[
@@ -93,21 +88,9 @@ pub fn is_correct_with(d: &AffixDict, word: &str) -> bool {
 
 /// [`is_correct_with_options`] against a given dictionary.
 fn check(d: &AffixDict, word: &str, opts: &crate::Options) -> bool {
-    if d.is_empty() {
-        return true; // no Italian dictionary installed: no spelling marks
-    }
-    let w = word.trim_matches(|c: char| !c.is_alphanumeric() && c != '\'' && c != '’');
-    let w = w.trim_matches(['\'', '’']);
-    let n = w.chars().count();
-    if n <= 1 || (opts.ignore_numbers && w.chars().any(|c| c.is_ascii_digit())) || !w.chars().any(char::is_alphabetic) {
+    let Some(w) = crate::spelling::word_to_check(d, word, opts) else {
         return true;
-    }
-    if opts.ignore_uppercase && w.chars().all(|c| !c.is_lowercase()) && n <= 6 {
-        return true;
-    }
-    if !w.chars().any(is_latin_letter) {
-        return true; // other scripts: no dictionary
-    }
+    };
     let lower = w.to_lowercase();
     if TRUNCATIONS.contains(&lower.as_str()) || left_to_grammar(&lower) {
         return true;
diff --git a/crates/proof/src/lib.rs b/crates/proof/src/lib.rs
index 0c51e236..365229d7 100644
--- a/crates/proof/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/proof/src/lib.rs
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ pub mod pl;
 pub mod pt;
 pub mod ru;
 mod slot;
+mod spelling;
 pub mod tr;
 pub mod vi;
 
diff --git a/crates/proof/src/pl/mod.rs b/crates/proof/src/pl/mod.rs
index 30d6d966..7cde9d0f 100644
--- a/crates/proof/src/pl/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/proof/src/pl/mod.rs
@@ -52,11 +52,6 @@ pub fn has_dictionary() -> bool {
 /// (`Kennedy'ego`, `Wilde'a`, `Shakespeare'owi`).
 const APOSTROPHE_ENDINGS: &[&str] = &["a", "ach", "ami", "e", "ego", "em", "emu", "i", "m", "om", "owi", "owie", "u", "y", "ów", "ą", "ę"];
 
-/// Is `c` a letter of the Latin script (the only one the Polish dictionary covers)?
-fn is_latin_letter(c: char) -> bool {
-    c.is_alphabetic() && (c < '\u{0250}' || ('\u{1E00}'..='\u{1EFF}').contains(&c))
-}
-
 /// Is `word` spelled correctly in Polish? Numbers, single letters, short words in capitals
 /// (acronyms: `PKO`, `ZUS`), words with digits and words in other scripts are accepted, and so
 /// is every word when no Polish dictionary is installed.
@@ -78,21 +73,9 @@ pub fn is_correct_with(d: &AffixDict, word: &str) -> bool {
 
 /// [`is_correct_with_options`] against a given dictionary.
 fn check(d: &AffixDict, word: &str, opts: &crate::Options) -> bool {
-    if d.is_empty() {
-        return true; // no Polish dictionary installed: no spelling marks
-    }
-    let w = word.trim_matches(|c: char| !c.is_alphanumeric() && c != '\'' && c != '’');
-    let w = w.trim_matches(['\'', '’']);
-    let n = w.chars().count();
-    if n <= 1 || (opts.ignore_numbers && w.chars().any(|c| c.is_ascii_digit())) || !w.chars().any(char::is_alphabetic) {
+    let Some(w) = crate::spelling::word_to_check(d, word, opts) else {
         return true;
-    }
-    if opts.ignore_uppercase && w.chars().all(|c| !c.is_lowercase()) && n <= 6 {
-        return true;
-    }
-    if !w.chars().any(is_latin_letter) {
-        return true; // other scripts: no dictionary
-    }
+    };
     let w = w.replace('’', "'");
     if w.contains('-') {
         return w.split('-').all(|p| p.chars().count() <= 1 || known(d, p));
diff --git a/crates/proof/src/pt/mod.rs b/crates/proof/src/pt/mod.rs
index 0110a8c1..ea91dbdb 100644
--- a/crates/proof/src/pt/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/proof/src/pt/mod.rs
@@ -47,11 +47,6 @@ pub fn has_dictionary() -> bool {
     DICT.has_dictionary()
 }
 
-/// Is `c` a letter of the Latin script (the only one the Portuguese dictionary covers)?
-fn is_latin_letter(c: char) -> bool {
-    c.is_alphabetic() && (c < '\u{0250}' || ('\u{1E00}'..='\u{1EFF}').contains(&c))
-}
-
 /// Is `word` spelled correctly in Portuguese? Numbers, single letters, short words in capitals
 /// (acronyms: `USP`, `PT`), words with digits and words in other scripts are accepted, and so
 /// is every word when no Portuguese dictionary is installed.
@@ -73,21 +68,9 @@ pub fn is_correct_with(d: &AffixDict, word: &str) -> bool {
 
 /// [`is_correct_with_options`] against a given dictionary.
 fn check(d: &AffixDict, word: &str, opts: &crate::Options) -> bool {
-    if d.is_empty() {
-        return true; // no Portuguese dictionary installed: no spelling marks
-    }
-    let w = word.trim_matches(|c: char| !c.is_alphanumeric() && c != '\'' && c != '’');
-    let w = w.trim_matches(['\'', '’']);
-    let n = w.chars().count();
-    if n <= 1 || (opts.ignore_numbers && w.chars().any(|c| c.is_ascii_digit())) || !w.chars().any(char::is_alphabetic) {
+    let Some(w) = crate::spelling::word_to_check(d, word, opts) else {
         return true;
-    }
-    if opts.ignore_uppercase && w.chars().all(|c| !c.is_lowercase()) && n <= 6 {
-        return true;
-    }
-    if !w.chars().any(is_latin_letter) {
-        return true; // other scripts: no dictionary
-    }
+    };
     if w.contains('-') {
         return w.split('-').all(|p| p.chars().count() <= 1 || known(d, p));
     }
diff --git a/crates/proof/src/spelling.rs b/crates/proof/src/spelling.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ab5e520e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/proof/src/spelling.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+//! The start of every Latin-script dictionary language's spelling check (Czech, Croatian,
+//! Indonesian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish): the words that need no lookup, under the
+//! File › Options › Proofing choices. Each language goes on from there with its own rules.
+
+use crate::Options;
+use crate::affix::AffixDict;
+
+/// Is `c` a letter of the Latin script (the only one these dictionaries cover)?
+fn latin(c: char) -> bool {
+    c.is_alphabetic() && (c < '\u{0250}' || ('\u{1E00}'..='\u{1EFF}').contains(&c))
+}
+
+/// `word` trimmed of quotes and apostrophes, when `d` must say whether it is right; `None` when it
+/// is right without a lookup: there is no dictionary (no spelling marks), the word is a single
+/// letter or has no letters, it has digits or is a short word in capitals (an acronym) and the
+/// options skip those, or it is in another script.
+pub(crate) fn word_to_check<'a>(d: &AffixDict, word: &'a str, opts: &Options) -> Option<&'a str> {
+    if d.is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let w = word.trim_matches(|c: char| !c.is_alphanumeric() && c != '\'' && c != '’');
+    let w = w.trim_matches(['\'', '’']);
+    let n = w.chars().count();
+    if n <= 1 || (opts.ignore_numbers && w.chars().any(|c| c.is_ascii_digit())) || !w.chars().any(char::is_alphabetic) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    if opts.ignore_uppercase && w.chars().all(|c| !c.is_lowercase()) && n <= 6 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    w.chars().any(latin).then_some(w)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn words_needing_no_lookup() {
+        let d = AffixDict::from_hunspell("", "1\nkot\n", &[]).unwrap();
+        let defaults = Options::default();
+        assert_eq!(word_to_check(&AffixDict::default(), "kot", &defaults), None, "no dictionary");
+        for w in ["", "a", "2026", "PKO", "B2B", "日本語", "--"] {
+            assert_eq!(word_to_check(&d, w, &defaults), None, "{w}");
+        }
+        assert_eq!(word_to_check(&d, "„kot”", &defaults), Some("kot"));
+        assert_eq!(word_to_check(&d, "'kot'", &defaults), Some("kot"));
+        let strict = Options { ignore_uppercase: false, ignore_numbers: false, ..defaults };
+        assert_eq!(word_to_check(&d, "PKO", &strict), Some("PKO"));
+        assert_eq!(word_to_check(&d, "B2B", &strict), Some("B2B"));
+        assert_eq!(word_to_check(&d, "PRZEDSIĘBIORSTWO", &defaults), Some("PRZEDSIĘBIORSTWO"), "only short capitals are acronyms");
+    }
+}